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Vayadande, Kuldeep, Rahebar Shaikh, Suraj Rothe, Sangam Patil, Tanuj Baware, and Sameer Naik. "Blockchain-Based Land Record System." ITM Web of Conferences 50 (2022): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20225001006.
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In today’s world, having access to land records is a must and being able to see who owns the land property is important to allow crossverify ownership of the land in order for business purposes or for personal use. In India, maintaining the land record with the current population is a challenging task, and the current system was causing incomplete registries, leading to fraudulent activities. The current system being used by the government is inconsistent and has a lot of intermediaries who have access to the system and make changes to it. The use of Blockchain is increasing day by day, the government is trying to adopt technology, and web3.0 is the future we are heading; adding Land Records in Blockchain is very useful because it provides transparency for everyone. Allowing citizens to view the land record with a visual representation with maps will ensure everyone has access to these land records.
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Ogata, Takamitsu, Susumu Kaneshige, Koichi Matsuo, Naoya Matsunaga, Satoru Koyanagi, Shigehiro Ohdo, and Hidetoshi Kamimura. "Population Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Allopurinol Based on Electronic Medical Records." Iryo Yakugaku (Japanese Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences) 43, no. 11 (November 10, 2017): 630–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5649/jjphcs.43.630.
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Mueller, Beth A., J. Lee Nelson, and Polly A. Newcomb. "Intrauterine environment and multiple sclerosis: a population- based case-control study." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 19, no. 1 (May 8, 2012): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458512447869.
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Background: Associations of several autoimmune disorders with intrauterine and early life exposures have been reported. Objective: We used population-based linked hospital discharge-birth records data to explore maternal, prenatal, and infant characteristics in relation to MS-related hospitalization among Washington State residents. Methods: 272 cases hospitalized for MS during 1988–2008 and 2720 birth record controls were identified from linked hospital discharge-birth certificate data. Exposure information from their birth records were compared in a population-based case-control study to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for associations with MS hospitalization. Results: Most factors examined were not associated with MS. Having a mother with 3+ prior live births (OR 0.54, 95%CI 0.31–0.95) or having 3+ older siblings (OR 0.49, 95%CI 0.28–0.85) were negatively associated. Maternal prenatal smoking (OR 3.09, 95%CI 1.22–7.84) was positively associated. Conclusion: Transplacental exposure to smoke constituents including chemicals affecting myelin may help explain any association with maternal prenatal smoking; however, we were unable to assess childhood or adult smoke exposures which may also account at least partly for this effect. The negative associations observed with greater maternal parity and number of siblings are consistent with some other studies. Reasons for these associations may involve various pathways.
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Dattani, Nirupa, and Alison Macfarlane. "Linkage of Maternity Hospital Episode Statistics data to birth registration and notification records for births in England 2005-2014: methods. A population-based birth cohort study." BMJ Open 8, no. 2 (February 2018): e017897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017897.
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IntroductionMaternity Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) data for 2005–2014 were linked to birth registration and birth notification data (previously known as NHS Numbers for Babies or NN4B) to bring together some key demographic and clinical data items not otherwise available at a national level. The linkage algorithm that was previously used to link 2005–2007 data was revised to improve the linkage rate and reduce the number of duplicate HES records.MethodsBirth registration and notification linked records from the Office for National Statistics (‘ONS birth records’) were further linked to Maternity HES delivery and birth records using the NHS Number and other direct identifiers if the NHS Number was missing.ResultsFor the period 2005–2014, over 94% of birth registration and notification records were correctly linked to HES delivery records. Two per cent of the ONS birth records were incorrectly linked to the HES delivery record and 5% of ONS birth records were linked to more than one HES delivery record. Therefore, a considerable amount of time was spent in quality assuring these files.ConclusionThe linkage rate for birth registration and notification records to HES delivery records steadily improved from 2005 to 2014 due to improvement in the quality and completeness of patient identifiers in both HES and birth notification data.
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JEFFS, D., V. NOSSAR, F. BAILEY, W. SMITH, and T. CHEY. "Retention and use of personal health records: A population-based study." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 30, no. 3 (June 1994): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.1994.tb00627.x.
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Muraki, Shota, Kunio Maema, Ayano Tomimatu, Yushi Kashihara, Takeshi Hirota, and Ichiro Ieiri. "Population pharmacodynamic analysis of olmesartan medoxomil based on electronic medical records." Proceedings for Annual Meeting of The Japanese Pharmacological Society WCP2018 (2018): PO2–13–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/jpssuppl.wcp2018.0_po2-13-3.
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Guess, H. A., D. D. Broughton, L. J. Melton, and L. T. Kurland. "Population-Based Studies of Varicella Complications." Pediatrics 78, no. 4 (October 1, 1986): 723–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.78.4.723.
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Population-based data on vanicella complications are presented using information both from national sample surveys of hospitalizations and physician office visits and from reviews of medical records for all cases occurring within one community (Olmsted County, Minnesota) during a specified period. Acute cerebellar ataxia is the most common neurologic complication of varicella and occurs about once in 4,000 vanicella cases among children younger than 15 years of age. Among adults, varicella pneumonia is the most common complication and results in hospitalization about once in every 400 varicella cases. Overall, varicella accounts for approximately 4,000 hospitalizations and 364,000 physician office visits annually in the United States and represents an important continuing source of childhood and adult morbidity.
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Oskarsdottir, Gudrun Nina, Hedinn Sigurdsson, and Kristjan G. Gudmundsson. "Smoking during pregnancy: A population-based study." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 45, no. 1 (October 31, 2016): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494816676034.
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Aims: Tobacco is a major cause of disease and mortality in modern times. The risk of smoking in pregnancy is a serious threat to the development and future health of an unborn child. The aim of this study was to explore the epidemiological factors associated with smoking during pregnancy in a primary healthcare setting. Methods: All 856 maternity records at the Glaesibaer Health Care Centre in Reykjavik during 2006–2013 were reviewed and information on smoking habits investigated. Results: The records showed that in 108 (12.2%) pregnancies, women smoked at first visit and 63 stopped smoking in early pregnancy, leaving 45 (5.3%) mothers smoking throughout the whole gestational period. The mean age of the smoking women was 27.8 years and for the non-smokers 29.7 years. Low social status (odds ratio (OR) = 2.66; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19–5.96), previous mental health diagnosis (OR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.3–5.6), and unstable relationship with a partner (OR = 3.78; 95% CI: 2.1–7.0) were associated with smoking. Smoking fewer cigarettes was associated with a 0.04-unit lower risk of smoking during pregnancy (OR = 0.04: 95% CI: 0.02–0.08). Conclusions: Our results indicated that the women who smoked during pregnancy were often heavy smokers and living without a partner. They were younger, had worse mental health, and a lower social status than those pregnant women who did not smoke. Bearing in mind the consequence of smoking in pregnancy, this subgroup should get increased assistance to quit smoking before and during early pregnancy, as well as appropriate medical and social support.
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Dixon-Suen, Suzanne C., Penelope M. Webb, Louise F. Wilson, Karen Tuesley, Louise M. Stewart, and Susan J. Jordan. "The Association Between Hysterectomy and Ovarian Cancer Risk: A Population-Based Record-Linkage Study." JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute 111, no. 10 (February 11, 2019): 1097–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djz015.
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Abstract Background Recent studies have called into question the long-held belief that hysterectomy without oophorectomy protects against ovarian cancer. This population-based longitudinal record-linkage study aimed to explore this relationship, overall and by age at hysterectomy, time period, surgery type, and indication for hysterectomy. Methods We followed the female adult Western Australian population (837 942 women) across a 27-year period using linked electoral, hospital, births, deaths, and cancer records. Surgery dates were determined from hospital records, and ovarian cancer diagnoses (n = 1640) were ascertained from cancer registry records. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between hysterectomy and ovarian cancer incidence. Results Hysterectomy without oophorectomy (n = 78 594) was not associated with risk of invasive ovarian cancer overall (HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.85 to 1.11) or with the most common serous subtype (HR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.89 to 1.23). Estimates did not vary statistically significantly by age at procedure, time period, or surgical approach. However, among women with endometriosis (5.8%) or with fibroids (5.7%), hysterectomy was associated with substantially decreased ovarian cancer risk overall (HR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.12 to 0.24, and HR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.20 to 0.36, respectively) and across all subtypes. Conclusions Our results suggest that for most women, having a hysterectomy with ovarian conservation is not likely to substantially alter their risk of developing ovarian cancer. However, our results, if confirmed, suggest that ovarian cancer risk reduction could be considered as a possible benefit of hysterectomy when making decisions about surgical management of endometriosis or fibroids.
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Rezel-Potts, Emma, and Martin C. Gulliford. "Sepsis recording in primary care electronic health records, linked hospital episodes and mortality records: Population-based cohort study in England." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): e0244764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244764.
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Background Sepsis is a growing concern for health systems, but the epidemiology of sepsis is poorly characterised. We evaluated sepsis recording across primary care electronic records, hospital episodes and mortality registrations. Methods and findings Cohort study including 378 general practices in England from Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) GOLD database from 2002–2017 with 36,209,676 patient-years of follow-up with linked Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and Office for National Statistics (ONS) mortality registrations. Incident sepsis episodes were identified for each source. Concurrent records from different sources were identified and age-standardised and age-specific incidence rates compared. Logistic regression analysis evaluated associations of gender, age-group, fifth of deprivation and period of diagnosis with concurrent sepsis recording. There were 20,206 first episodes of sepsis from primary care, 20,278 from HES and 13,972 from ONS. There were 4,117 (20%) first HES sepsis events and 2,438 (17%) mortality records concurrent with incident primary care sepsis records within 30 days. Concurrent HES and primary care records of sepsis within 30 days before or after first diagnosis were higher at younger or older ages and for patients with the most recent period of diagnosis. Those diagnosed during 2007:2011 were less likely to have a concurrent HES record given CPRD compared to those diagnosed during 2012–2017 (odd ratio 0.65, 95% confidence interval 0.60–0.70). At age 85 and older, primary care incidence was 5.22 per 1,000 patient years (95% CI 1.75–11.97) in men and 3.55 (0.87–9.58) in women which increased to 10.09 (4.86–18.51) for men and 7.22 (2.96–14.72) for women after inclusion of all three sources. Conclusion Explicit recording of ‘sepsis’ is inconsistent across healthcare sectors with a high proportion of non-concurrent records. Incidence estimates are higher when linked data are analysed.
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Wu, Ti-Rong, Ting-Han Wei, and I.-Chen Wu. "Accelerating and Improving AlphaZero Using Population Based Training." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 01 (April 3, 2020): 1046–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i01.5454.
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AlphaZero has been very successful in many games. Unfortunately, it still consumes a huge amount of computing resources, the majority of which is spent in self-play. Hyperparameter tuning exacerbates the training cost since each hyperparameter configuration requires its own time to train one run, during which it will generate its own self-play records. As a result, multiple runs are usually needed for different hyperparameter configurations. This paper proposes using population based training (PBT) to help tune hyperparameters dynamically and improve strength during training time. Another significant advantage is that this method requires a single run only, while incurring a small additional time cost, since the time for generating self-play records remains unchanged though the time for optimization is increased following the AlphaZero training algorithm. In our experiments for 9x9 Go, the PBT method is able to achieve a higher win rate for 9x9 Go than the baselines, each with its own hyperparameter configuration and trained individually. For 19x19 Go, with PBT, we are able to obtain improvements in playing strength. Specifically, the PBT agent can obtain up to 74% win rate against ELF OpenGo, an open-source state-of-the-art AlphaZero program using a neural network of a comparable capacity. This is compared to a saturated non-PBT agent, which achieves a win rate of 47% against ELF OpenGo under the same circumstances.
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Farokhnezhad Afshar, Pouya, Parvaneh Asgari, Mahmoud Shiri, and Fatemeh Bahramnezhad. "A Review of the Iran's elderly status according to the census records." Galen Medical Journal 5, no. 1 (March 9, 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v5i1.397.
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For many reasons, the elderly population in Iran is considered a growing phenomenon. An accelerated decline in birth rate in the past two decades, medical-health advances, and increased life expectancy are among the major reasons. Based on the definitions of the Country’s Population Index, Iran's elderly population, with a growth rate of 3.9% compared to the total population growth (2.29%) between 2007 and 2012 has reached to the elderly population of 8.26% in 2012, which puts Iran among countries with aging populations. Now, Iran's elderly population is 6205998 people, including approximately 48.70% aged men and 51.30% aged women. Iran, based on the age criteria of the population structure, is now faced with the aging phenomenon, and since this phenomenon encompasses health, economic and social consequences, as well as service requirements, elderly population of Iran should be comprehensively and continuously evaluated so that the health and medical officials could deal with the incident with proper planning and meet the needs of this group of the society. [GMJ.2016;5(1):1-6]
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Hutcheon, Jennifer A., Nuria Chapinal, M. Amanda Skoll, Nicholas Au, and Lily Lee. "Accuracy of Blood Transfusion Records in a Population-based Perinatal Data Registry." Epidemiology 31, no. 3 (May 2020): 418–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ede.0000000000001183.
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Cruickshank, Sam S., Arpat Ozgul, Silvia Zumbach, and Benedikt R. Schmidt. "Quantifying population declines based on presence-only records for red-list assessments." Conservation Biology 30, no. 5 (April 22, 2016): 1112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12688.
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Jang, Ji-Hyun, Nimisha Arora, Janice S. Kwon, and Gillian E. Hanley. "Hormone Therapy Use After Premature Surgical Menopause Based on Prescription Records: A Population-Based Study." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 42, no. 12 (December 2020): 1511–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2020.03.022.
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Hibbert, Peter, Jacqueline H. Stephens, Carl de Wet, Helena Williams, Andrew Hallahan, Gavin R. Wheaton, Chris Dalton, Hsuen P. Ting, Gaston Arnolda, and Jeffrey Braithwaite. "Assessing the Quality of the Management of Tonsillitis among Australian Children: A Population-Based Sample Survey." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 160, no. 1 (August 28, 2018): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599818796137.
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Objective The aims of this study were twofold: (1) to design and validate a set of clinical indicators of appropriate care for tonsillitis and (2) to measure the level of tonsillitis care that is in line with guideline recommendations in a sample of Australian children. Study Design A set of tonsillitis care indicators was developed from available national and international guidelines and validated in 4 stages. This research used the same design as the CareTrack Kids study, which was described in detail elsewhere. Setting Samples of patient records from general practices, emergency departments, and hospital admissions were assessed. Subjects and Methods Patient records of children aged 0 to 15 years were assessed for the presence of, and adherence to, the indicators for care delivered in 2012 and 2013. Results Eleven indicators were developed. The records of 821 children (mean age, 5.0 years; SD, 4.0) with tonsillitis were screened. The reviewers conducted 2354 eligible indicator assessments across 1127 visits. Adherence to 6 indicators could be assessed and ranged from 14.3% to 73.2% (interquartile range 31.5% to 72.2%). Conclusion Our main findings are consistent with the international literature: the treatment of many children who present with confirmed or suspected tonsillitis is inconsistent with current guidelines. Future research should consider how the indicators could be applied in a structured and automated manner to increase the reliability and efficiency of record reviews and help raise clinicians’ awareness of appropriate tonsillitis management.
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Bailit, H. L. "Health Services Research." Advances in Dental Research 17, no. 1 (December 2003): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154407370301700119.
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The major barriers to the collection of primary population-based dental services data are: (1) Dentists do not use standard record systems; (2) few dentists use electronic records; and (3) it is costly to abstract paper dental records. The value of secondary data from paid insurance claims is limited, because dentists code only services delivered and not diagnoses, and it is difficult to obtain and merge claims from multiple insurance carriers. In a national demonstration project on the impact of community-based dental education programs on the care provided to underserved populations, we have developed a simplified dental visit encounter system. Senior students and residents from 15 dental schools (approximately 200 to 300 community delivery sites) will use computers or scannable paper forms to collect basic patient demographic and service data on several hundred thousand patient visits. Within the next 10 years, more dentists will use electronic records. To be of value to researchers, these data need to be collected according to a standardized record format and to be available regionally from public or private insurers.
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Kovacic, Laurel, Neil de Haan, Mário L. de Lemos, Kimberly Schaff, and Susan Walisser. "Adherence with capecitabine: A population-based analysis based on prescription refill data." Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 23, no. 4 (October 31, 2016): 284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155216676631.
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Background Patient adherence is important with the increasing use of oral anticancer drugs. Recent studies reported different capecitabine adherence rates based on self-reporting and microelectronic monitoring of the medication bottle. Patient’s awareness of being monitored may confound these results. Prescription records provide a larger and more objective dataset for adherence investigation. We report the use of computer algorithm and manual review of prescription and medical documentation to determine the rate of capecitabine adherence. Methods Two years of capecitabine prescription records from five ambulatory cancer centres were reviewed. Prescription data were extracted using a custom Java-based software tool to compare the predicted vs. actual dispensing date. The difference between the dates was the primary adherence measure (altered treatment date incident) and estimated using a computer algorithm and by manual review of medical charts. Results Of 4412 refill prescriptions, 45.2% was associated with an altered treatment date incident based on the initial computer algorithm. This was reduced to 29.5% after adjusting for clinic scheduling processes and 10.2% after manual chart review to adjust for valid reasons for delay. The reasons for altered treatment date incident were not identified in 52.2% of prescriptions. Conclusions Adherence rate of capecitabine based on refill data seem to be high and consistent with other findings based on patient self-report. Population analysis of prescription data with custom computer algorithm may identify trends in capecitabine adherence with some efficiency. Manual review would likely be required to verify these results. The accuracy of using altered prescription refill dates as an adherence measure requires further studies.
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Hedrick, Kyli, Gregory Armstrong, Guy Coffey, and Rohan Borschmann. "Self-harm in the Australian asylum seeker population: A national records-based study." SSM - Population Health 8 (August 2019): 100452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100452.
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Loewen, Keely, Barret Monchka, Salaheddin M. Mahmud, Geert 't Jong, and Meghan B. Azad. "Prenatal antibiotic exposure and childhood asthma: a population-based study." European Respiratory Journal 52, no. 1 (April 20, 2018): 1702070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02070-2017.
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Antibiotic use during infancy alters gut microbiota and immune development and is associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma. The impact of prenatal antibiotic exposure is unclear. We sought to characterise the association between prenatal antibiotic exposure and childhood asthma.We performed a population-based cohort study using prescription records, hospitalisation records and physician billing claims from 213 661 mother–child dyads born in Manitoba, Canada between 1996 and 2012. Associations were determined using Cox regression, adjusting for maternal asthma, postnatal antibiotics and other potential confounders. Sensitivity analyses evaluated maternal antibiotic use before and after pregnancy.36.8% of children were exposed prenatally to antibiotics and 10.1% developed asthma. Prenatal antibiotic exposure was associated with an increased risk of asthma (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.23, 95% CI 1.20–1.27). There was an apparent dose response (aHR 1.15, 95% CI 1.11–1.18 for one course; aHR 1.26, 95% CI 1.21–1.32 for two courses; and aHR 1.51, 95% CI 1.44–1.59 for three or more courses). Maternal antibiotic use during 9 months before pregnancy (aHR 1.27, 95% CI 1.24–1.31) and 9 months postpartum (aHR 1.32, 95% CI 1.28–1.36) were similarly associated with asthma.Prenatal antibiotic exposure was associated with a dose-dependent increase in asthma risk. However, similar associations were observed for maternal antibiotic use before and after pregnancy, suggesting the association is either not directly causal, or not specific to pregnancy.
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Mani, S., R. Raguraj, R. Harikaran, S. Hariramselvakanth, and K. S. Gowthaman. "Development of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Based on Population." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 6, no. 6 (May 30, 2020): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst060604.
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This research investigates electric vehicle(EV) charging behavior and aims to find the best method for its prediction in order to optimize the EV charging station(CS). This paper discusses several commonly used machine learning algorithm or k-Nearest Neighbor(k-NN) to predict charging station based on population data records. According to the objective of the charging station planning, use the concept of group to do clustering evolution search. Hence the results of k-NN algorithm achieved through MATLAB software. Based on the population, the initial time location of the charging station will be randomly considered in Manapparai, Lalgudi, Vaiyampatti, Thiruverumbur in Trichy based on population.
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Koehoorn, M., L. Tamburic, CB McLeod, PA Demers, L. Lynd, and SM Kennedy. "Population-based surveillance of asthma among workers in British Columbia, Canada." Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada 33, no. 2 (March 2013): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.33.2.05.
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Introduction Population-based health databases were used for the surveillance of asthma among workers in British Columbia for the period 1999 to 2003. The purpose was to identify high-risk groups of workers with asthma for further investigation, education and prevention. Methods Workers were identified using an employer-paid health premium field in the provincial health registry, and were linked to their physician visit, hospitalization, workers' compensation and pharmaceutical records; asthma cases were defined by the presence of an asthma diagnosis (International Classification of Diseases [ICD]-9-493) in these health records. Workers were assigned to an ''at-risk'' exposure group based on their industry of employment. Results For males, significantly higher asthma rates were observed for workers in the Utilities, Transport/Warehousing, Wood and Paper Manufacturing (Sawmills), Health Care/Social Assistance and Education industries. For females, significantly higher rates were found for those working in the Waste Management/Remediation and Health Care/ Social Assistance industries. Conclusion The data confirm a high prevalence of active asthma in the working population of British Columbia, and in particular, higher rates among females compared to males and in industries with known respiratory sensitizers such as dust and chemical exposures.
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Jackson, Taylor J., Smitha E. Mathew, A. Noelle Larson, Anthony A. Stans, and Todd A. Milbrandt. "Characteristics and reoperation rates of paediatric tarsal coalitions: a population-based study." Journal of Children's Orthopaedics 14, no. 6 (December 1, 2020): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1863-2548.14.200177.
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Purpose Tarsal coalitions are congenital fusions of two or more tarsal bones and can lead to foot pain and stiffness. Few studies examine the long-term reoperation rates following paediatric tarsal coalition surgery. Methods A population-based database, linking medical records at all medical centres to capture the entire medical history of the full population of a Midwest county, was used to identify tarsal coalitions in children between 1966 and 2018. Records were reviewed for clinical data, surgical records and followed up to identify any subsequent surgical interventions. Results A total of 58 patients (85 coalitions) were identified; 46 calcaneonavicular (CN) coalitions, 30 talocalcaneal (TC) coalitions and nine other coalitions (seven talonavicular, one naviculocuboid, one naviculocuneiform). In all, 46 coalitions were treated surgically (43 coalition resections, three arthrodeses) and 39 were treated nonoperatively. Patients treated surgically were less likely to report ongoing symptoms at final follow-up compared with patients managed nonoperatively (33% versus 67%; p = 0.0017). With a median 14.4 years (interquartile range 9.3 to 19.7) follow-up, there was an overall re-operation rate of 8.7% (4/46). Differences in reoperation rates by initial surgery (resection versus arthrodesis; p = 0.2936), coalition type (CN versus TC versus Other; p = 0.6487) or composition (osseous versus fibrocartilaginous; p = 0.29) did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion This is the first population-based study demonstrating the durability of surgical management of tarsal coalitions in a paediatric population. At final follow-up, patients treated surgically are less likely to report persistent symptoms compared with patients managed nonoperatively. Long-term reoperation rates appear to be low (8.7%). Level of evidence: III
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Steponavičienė, Laura, Rasa Vansevičiūtė, Lina Zabulienė, Domantas Jasilionis, Vincas Urbonas, and Giedrė Smailytė. "Reproductive Factors and Breast Cancer Risk in Lithuanian Women: A Population-Based Cohort Study." Acta medica Lituanica 28, no. 2 (December 21, 2020): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/amed.2020.27.2.4.
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Background. Although the relationship between reproductive factors and breast cancer is internationally proved, reliable data on former USSR countries are scarce. This study examines the association of parity, age at the first childbirth, number of children, and breast cancer risk in Lithuanian women.Methods. The study that included women from 40 to 79 years old was based on a dataset that was made up linking all records from the 2001 census, all cancer incidence records from the Lithuanian Cancer Registry and all death records from Statistics Lithuania between 6th April 2001 and 31st December 2009. Cox’s proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) for parity, age at the first childbirth, and number of children.Results. If compared to nulliparous women, parous women had a lower risk of breast cancer (HR=0.84, 95% CI 0.78–0.89) and this risk further decreased with an increasing number of children. Women who gave birth after the age of 25 had a significantly higher risk of breast cancer. This disadvantage became statistically insignificant or decreased after controlling for total number of children.Conclusions. Parity and age at the first childbirth are strong predictors of breast cancer risk among Lithuanian women.
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Mordi, Ify R., Magalie Guignard-Duff, Christopher Hall, Benjamin Jaa Ming New, and Chim C. Lang. "Use of Population-Based Health Informatics Research to Improve Care for Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases." Diseases 8, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases8040047.
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There are common clinical scenarios in chronic heart disease where no randomized controlled data exist to guide management, and it is likely that well-designed observational studies will have to be used to inform clinical practice. Showing the clinical applicability of this type of study design, using record linkage of population electronic health records, we have provided key observational evidence that use of renin–angiotensin-system (RAS) blockers is associated with better outcomes in patients with aortic stenosis and that metformin could be used safely as an antiglycemic drug in patients with diabetes and heart failure. Each of these pieces of underpinning research has made a major contribution to relevant international clinical practice guidelines, helped the Food and Drug Administration in their decision making and changed prescribing practice.
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Martinez-Laguna, Daniel, Alberto Soria-Castro, Cristina Carbonell-Abella, Pilar Orozco-López, Pilar Estrada-Laza, Xavier Nogues, Adolfo Díez-Perez, and Daniel Prieto-Alhambra. "Validation of fragility fractures in primary care electronic medical records: A population-based study." Reumatología Clínica (English Edition) 15, no. 5 (September 2019): e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reumae.2017.10.007.
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Martinez-Laguna, Daniel, Alberto Soria-Castro, Cristina Carbonell-Abella, Pilar Orozco-López, Pilar Estrada-Laza, Xavier Nogues, Adolfo Díez-Perez, and Daniel Prieto-Alhambra. "Validation of fragility fractures in primary care electronic medical records: A population-based study." Reumatología Clínica 15, no. 5 (September 2019): e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reuma.2017.10.013.
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Muchlis, Ahmad, and Rifa Aulia Ramadhanty. "Correlation Between Medical Information Completeness and Accuracy of The Diagnosis Code for Upper Respiratory Tract Infection and Hypertension Based on ICD-10 in Medical Record at Cibening Health Center." Muhammadiyah Medical Journal 2, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/mmj.2.1.1-6.
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Background: Completeness of patient medical information in medical records is one indicator in assessing the quality of health services. Complete and accurate medical records contribute to the accuracy of medical staff in making a diagnosis so that they can determine the correct diagnosis code according to the ICD-10 guidelines. A good medical record shows that a doctor or other medical staff has carried out their duties by the demands of their profession as stated in the Medical Practice Law No.29 of 2004. Purposes: To find out there is or not a correlation between the medical information completeness and the accuracy of the diagnosis code for upper respiratory tract infection and hypertension based on the ICD-10 in the medical record documents of outpatients at the Cibening Health Center in 2019. Method: The method used in this study is observational analytic with a cross-sectional study design. The population of this study was outpatient medical records with a diagnosis of upper respiratory tract infection and hypertension at the Cibening Health Center in 2019. The sampling technique used a simple random sampling technique with a sample size of 100. Results: Out of obtained 71 complete medical record (71%) filling in medical records, 64 medical records (64%) were accurate in giving ICD-10 codes, 63 medical records (88.7%) with complete medical information had accurate diagnosis codes in comparison with 8 medical records (11.3%) which were complete but inaccurate diagnosis code. Conclusion: With a p-value of 0.000, there is a significant correlation between the completeness of medical information and the accuracy of the diagnosis code for Upper Respiratory Tract Infection and Hypertension based on ICD-10.
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Hasan Basri Nasution, Muhammad, Sri Wahyuni, Yolanda Eliza Putri Lubis, and Ali Napiah Nasution. "Analysis Of Inpatient Medical Record Management Based On Medical Record Service Standards At Government Hospitals In Medan." International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) 2, no. 4 (August 23, 2022): 692–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.51601/ijhp.v2i4.153.
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Inpatient medical records have an important role as a source of data and health information for inpatients related to treatment and care planning. The main factor that causes problems in inpatient medical records is the undisciplined factor of the person in charge who handles patients in filling out medical records. This can cause inpatient medical record management, not in accordance with medical record service standards. This study aimed to analyze inpatient medical record management based on medical record service standards. This research is a quantitative analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted at the Government Hospital in Medan. The research population was 126 people and all of them were used as samples. Sampling by means of total sampling. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate with chi-square test, and multivariate with multiple logistic regression at 95% confidence level (0.05). The results showed that inpatient medical record management implementation based on medical record service standards at the Government Hospital in Medan was influenced by work motivation (p = 0.001) and supervision (p = 0.000). While the variables that have no effect are length of work (p = 1,000), education (p = 0.848), teamwork (p = 0.241), and completeness of infrastructure (p = 0.760). The supervision variable is the most dominant variable or has the greatest influence with the value of Exp(B)/OR = 19,542. Medical record employees who state that supervision is carried out well by superiors will improve the implementation of inpatient medical record management well, compared to those who state that supervision is still not good. It is recommended that the leadership carry out inherent supervision (waskat) to all medical record employees and provide motivation through motivational seminars to improve the implementation of inpatient medical record management based on medical record service standards.
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Gaurav Nitin ketkar and Karthickraj S M. "Prevalence of Gingival Black Triangles in Young Adults in Chennai Population - A Retrospective Study." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (December 25, 2020): 665–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4015.
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Aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of gingival black triangles (GBT's) and its correlations with the morphology of tooth, labial frenum and probing depth in young adults in the Chennai population. The study was carried out in a university based study setting in Saveetha dental college and hospital among the Chennai population. We have reviewed patient records and analysed the data from 86000 patient records between June 2019 and March 2020. 149 samples were randomly selected for the study (18 – 30 yrs) and photographic analysis from the patient record was carried out to determine the presence of GBT. Prevalence of GBT was found to be 20.8% in the selected population. Within the limits of the study prevalence of GBT was found to be 20.8% there should be more emphasis given on creating awareness about the condition and its possible treatment modalities.
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Gould, Jeffrey B. "Vital Records for Quality Improvement." Pediatrics 103, Supplement_E1 (January 1, 1999): 278–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.103.se1.278.
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The birth certificate and death certificate are important sources of population-based data for assessing the extent of risk and the quality of perinatal outcome. The birth certificate contains the hospital of birth and many items, such as birth weight and race, that can serve as important risk adjusters for neonatal mortality. To assess mortality a second vital record, the death certificate, must be linked to the birth certificate. If the analysis is to be stratified by level of neonatal care or other hospital characteristics, a third file providing these details must also be utilized. The exact vital record formats, recording protocols, and quality control efforts are determined by and differ across each state. Even with these differences, the quality and completeness of vital records and their linkage are reasonable for population-based analyses. Although the most important vital outcome from a neonatologist's perspective is neonatal mortality, vital records can also be used to assess fetal, perinatal, postneonatal, and infant mortality. The analytic paradigm that is used in quality analysis performed on data derived from the vital record states that observed outcome is a function of risk, chance, and care. Risk is a characteristic or condition such as low birth weight or low 1-minute Apgar score that elevates the probability of an adverse outcome but is beyond the control of the agent responsible for the outcome. Using risk matrices or regression analysis one determines the expected mortality for a specific institution's case-mix. This expectation is usually based on the statewide analysis of infants with a similar risk profile. A standardized mortality ratio is calculated by dividing observed by expected mortality. A hospital with a high observed mortality (12 deaths per 1000) and an even higher expected mortality based on the risk characteristics of its neonates (24 per 1000) would have a standardized mortality ratio of 0.5. Once the effects of chance have been accounted for by statistical testing this finding could indicate that mortality in this hospital is 50% lower then expected. Although initially intended for legal and broad-based public health purposes, vital records represent an important source of data to inform perinatal quality improvement activities. The optimal usefulness of information derived from vital records requires that clinicians take an active role in assuring that data entry is complete and accurately reflects risk status, clinical factors, and outcomes. However, even a superb database will be of limited usefulness unless it is linked to an initiative that actively involves clinicians committed to quality improvement.
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Nwaomah, Angela Ewhonne. "Records Information Management Practices: A Study on a Faith Based University." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 5, no. 11 (November 30, 2017): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol5.iss11.856.
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Records information management is regarded as one of the pillars of any organization because organization’s activities are based on access to information contained in records. This article evaluates the practice of effective records management in Valley View University in Ghana. The targeted population for the research was centered on employees who handle students’ academic records in Valley View University. The university has a total of thirty- two (32) personnel who deals with students records on a daily bases. A simple random technique was used to select a sample size of 25 records officers. Data was collected with a self-structured questionnaire. A total of 24 copies of the questionnaire were validly completed and returned making it 96% return rate. Percentage frequency tables and simple pie chart and bar graph were used to present the data from the field. The key findings of the study revealed that there is a positive level (64%) of effective students’ records management practices in the university. The study also revealed that only 43.75 percentage of the records officers have professional qualifications and in-service training relating to information and records management. There were some challenges that hinders the records managers from an excellent achievement of records management effectiveness. The paper concluded with some recommendations that will help the university management and the records officers deal with those challenges.
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Dalvin, Lauren A., Diva R. Salomão, and Sanjay V. Patel. "Population-based incidence of conjunctival tumours in Olmsted County, Minnesota." British Journal of Ophthalmology 102, no. 12 (March 6, 2018): 1728–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311530.
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AimTo determine population-based incidence of conjunctival tumours in Olmsted County, Minnesota.MethodsThe Rochester Epidemiology Project medical record linkage system was used to identify patients with conjunctival tumours in Olmsted County (1 January 1980 to 31 December 2015). Records were reviewed for demographics, types of tumours, histopathology, treatment and clinical course. Incidence rate of all tumours was calculated per 1 000 000 person-years. Poisson regression analysis was used to assess changes in incidence over time.ResultsThere were 504 patients with conjunctival tumours, giving an age-adjusted and sex-adjusted incidence rate of 125 per 1 000 000 (CI 113.5 to 135.5). Incidence increased over time (P<0.001). Most tumours (474, 94%) were benign. Of benign lesions, melanocytic lesions accounted for the majority (431, 86%), with adjusted incidence rates of 10.8 (CI 7.7 to 13.9) for complexion-associated melanosis, 49.7 (CI 42.9 to 56.6) for nevus and 44.1 (37.5–50.8) for primary acquired melanosis. Malignant lesions were rare (30, 6%) with 6 cases of melanoma, 21 cases of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN), 1 case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis and 2 cases of lymphoma. Adjusted incidence rates of conjunctival melanoma and OSSN were 1.5 (CI 0.3 to 2.8) and 6.1 (CI 3.5 to 8.7), respectively. Outcomes for melanoma (mean follow-up 14 years, range 0–34) and OSSN (mean follow-up 4 years, range 0–24) were favourable in 29 cases, with one fatality due to metastatic melanoma.ConclusionsIn a population-based setting, most conjunctival tumours are benign, and the majority of lesions are melanocytic. While it is important to remain vigilant for malignancies, most conjunctival lesions in a community-based practice are not life-threatening.
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Alfani, Guido. "Wealth Inequalities and Population Dynamics in Early Modern Northern Italy." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 40, no. 4 (April 2010): 513–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh.2010.40.4.513.
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An analysis of the wealth and population of early modern Ivrea—based on the estimi, or property tax, records; the correzioni degli estimi, a continuous series of tax records rarely found elsewhere and hardly ever used before; the census of 1613, another unique and informative source; and other archival records—finds that the city's concentration and distribution of wealth was resilient even in face of acute demographical shocks (such as the plague of 1630) and that inequalities in property underwent a slow increase even in economically stagnant areas during the seventeenth century. The article places these findings in a European perspective, and it debates Jan van Zanden's hypothesis of a positive relationship between inequality in wealth and demographical/economic growth before the Industrial Revolution.
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Mendes-Oliveira, Ana Cristina, Iori Hussak Van Velthem Linke, Mônica Coelho, and Eldianne Lima. "Odocoileus virginianus, Zimmermann, 1780 (Mammalia: Cervidae): confirmed records and distribution extension in the northern Brazilian Amazon." Check List 7, no. 6 (December 1, 2011): 832. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/7.6.832.
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We present details of five new field records of Odocoileus virginianus from the northern Brazilian Amazon, extending its known range from Suriname to the Brazilian state of Pará. We also document four sight records and four records based on specimens held in collections of white-tailed deer distribution from the states of Amapá and Roraima, reinforcing this inferred distribution. Confirmation of the occurrence of O. virginianus in the Brazilian Amazon is important for its conservation, since it is an important game species for traditional human populations and requires population-level management.
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Silva, Cícero A., Gibeon S. Aquino, Sávio R. M. Melo, and Dannylo J. B. Egídio. "A Fog Computing-Based Architecture for Medical Records Management." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2019 (February 27, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1968960.
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The aging of the world’s population and the growth in the number of people with chronic diseases have increased expenses with medical care. Thus, the use of technological solutions has been widely adopted in the medical field to improve the patients’ health. In this context, approaches based on Cloud Computing have been used to store and process the information generated in these solutions. However, using Cloud can create delays that are intolerable for medical applications. Thus, the Fog Computing paradigm emerged as an alternative to overcome this problem, bringing computation and storage closer to the data sources. However, managing medical data stored in Fog is still a challenge. Moreover, characteristics of availability, performance, interoperability, and privacy need to be considered in approaches that aim to explore this problem. So, this article shows a software architecture based on Fog Computing and designed to facilitate the management of medical records. This architecture uses Blockchain concepts to provide the necessary privacy features and to allow Fog Nodes to carry out the authorization process in a distributed way. Finally, this paper describes a case study that evaluates the performance, privacy, and interoperability requirements of the proposed architecture in a home-centered healthcare scenario.
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Kholifah, Aulia Nurul, Novita Nuraini, and Andri Permana Wicaksono. "Analisis Faktor Penyebab Kerusakan Berkas Rekam Medis di Rumah Sakit Universitas Airlangga." J-REMI : Jurnal Rekam Medik dan Informasi Kesehatan 1, no. 3 (August 12, 2020): 364–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25047/j-remi.v1i3.2104.
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Medical records are files that contain records and documents regarding patient identity, examination results,treatment, actions and other services that have been provided to patients. Management of medical records is oneof medical support services. Based on the results of a preliminary study conducted at Airlangga UniversityHospital Surabaya it is known that in February 2020 amount 104 files were damaged so that the forms containedin them could be torn. This research was aimed to analyze the factors that cause damage to medical record filesat Airlangga University Hospital Surabaya. This type of research uses qualitative and data collection withinterviews and observations by using the analysis of 5M management elements is Man, Machine, Method,Material, Money. The population in this study is the medical records officer filing room section of 5 officers. Theresults obtained are that there are still many medical records officers who have a background not DIII medicalrecords, the lack of socialization of SOPs related to the maintenance of medical record files, limited number ofrack filing, and the less used folder material. So the suggestion made by the researchers is to redesign themedical record file folder by using a color code, and calculate the rack filing needs.
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Canova, Cristina, and Anna Cantarutti. "Population-Based Birth Cohort Studies in Epidemiology." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (July 23, 2020): 5276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155276.
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Birth cohort studies are the most appropriate type of design to determine the causal relationship between potential risk factors during the prenatal or postnatal period and the health status of the newborn up to childhood and potentially adulthood. To date, there has been a growth in interest regarding observational population-based studies which are performed to provide answers to specific research questions for defined populations, for instance, assessing the exposure to environmental pollutants or drugs on the risk of developing a disease. Birth cohorts based on the recruitment and active follow-up of mothers and children allow the collection of biological material, and specific clinical and genetic information. However, they require a considerable amount of time and resources and, besides being usually of limited size, they are exposed to the risk of the loss of subjects to follow-up, with decreased statistical power and possible selection bias. For these reasons, linking the medical birth register with administrative health records for mothers and babies is increasingly being used in countries with a universal healthcare system, allowing researchers to identify large and unselected populations from birth, and to reconstruct relevant traits and care pathways of mothers and newborns. This Special Issue of the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health focuses on the current state of knowledge on perinatal and postnatal exposures and adverse pregnancy, maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes through population-based birth cohort studies, with a specific focus on real-word data. The 12 accepted articles covered a wide range of themes that can be addressed specifically through birth cohort study design; however, only three were based on real word data with record-linkage to health administrative databases. In particular, two papers have addressed the topic of socioeconomic status considering several indicators both at the individual and contextual level. Two papers focused on inflammatory bowel diseases, both as an outcome of perinatal and antibiotic exposure in early life and as a condition associated with asthma, among children identified in a birth cohort based on a Regional Medical Birth Register. Three articles focused on medication use during pregnancy and its impact on maternal and fetal health. The effect of exposure to prenatal environmental risk factors on perinatal and childhood outcomes has been considered in two papers. Two papers analyzed ad hoc nationwide prospective birth cohorts set in Japan and UK. Finally, we included a systematic review with meta-analysis to evaluate the relation between growth restriction at birth and congenital heart defects. We think that this Special Issue may contribute to enriching the discussion of future challenges, opportunities, strengths and limitations for all research topics that can be investigated using a population-based birth cohort study design.
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Biere-Rafi, Sara, Victor Gerdes, Barbara Hutten, Alessandro Squizzato, Walter Ageno, Patrick Souverein, Anthonius de Boer, Harry Roger Buller, and Pieter Kamphuisen. "Statin Treatment Reduces the Incidence of Recurrent Pulmonary Embolism: a Population Based Case-Control Study." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.808.808.
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Abstract Abstract 808 Background: Recurrence of pulmonary embolism (PE) has a high incidence of 5–10% and is associated with increased mortality. Long-term anticoagulant treatment is however associated with an increased bleeding risk. It is therefore essential to investigate other treatment strategies to reduce the long-term recurrence of PE. Statins seem to reduce a first episode of thrombosis, but whether they also have an effect on recurrent pulmonary embolism (PE) is unknown. Methods: A case-control study was conducted using data from the PHARMO Record Linkage System, a Dutch population-based registry of pharmacy records linked with hospital discharge records. Cases were patients hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of PE between 1998 and 2006. Four controls without a history of PE were matched to each case for age, gender and geographic region. Results: The study population consisted of 4.495 PE cases and 16.802 controls. The median age of the study population was 60 years (range 18–96) and 57% was female. Overall, 9% of both cases and controls used statins (odds ratio (OR) 0.95; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84–1.07); only rosuvastatin use reduced PE (OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.24–0.92). During a median follow-up period of 4.1 years (range 2.2–6.6), 396 (11%) patients had a recurrent PE. Statin treatment strongly reduced the incidence of recurrent PE (HR 0.57; 95% CI 0.42–0.79), which persisted after adjustment for vitamin K antagonists, duration of statin use, type of VTE or cardiovascular history. Conclusions: Statin treatment seems to be highly effective in the reduction of recurrent pulmonary embolism. Considering the low rate of side effects, statins may be an interesting option for long-term secondary prevention in patients with PE. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Yuk, Jin-Sung, Jong Chul Baek, Ji Eun Park, Hyen Chul Jo, Ji Kwon Park, and In Ae Cho. "Incidence of gestational trophoblastic disease in South Korea: a longitudinal, population-based study." PeerJ 7 (February 20, 2019): e6490. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6490.
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Introduction We investigated the rate and longitudinal trends of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) incidence in the Republic of Korea between 2009 and 2015 using population-based data. Materials and Methods Data of patients diagnosed with GTD from 2009 to 2015 were obtained from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service/National Inpatient Sample (HIRA-NIS) in the Republic of Korea. The HIRA annually provides the HIRA-NIS, a collection of clinical data from over one million people. For each year, the HIRA-NIS extracted records of 13% of patients admitted at any one time during the year and 1% of all remaining patients using the weighted sample method. Results Medical records of 370,117 women with at least one pregnancy (GTD, ectopic pregnancy, abortion, or delivery) were extracted from a total of 4,476,495 records. Of these, 372 episodes of GTD were identified in women with a mean age of 35.4 ± 0.7 years. The incidence rate of GTD was 130 ± 10 cases per 100,000 pregnancies, which was classified as hydatidiform mole (HM), invasive mole, or malignant neoplasm of the placenta with incidence rates of 110 ± 10, 20 ± 0, or 10 ± 0 cases per 100,000 pregnancies, respectively. Incidence of GTD was lowest among women in their late 20 s and early 30 s. Occurrences of HM accounted for 80.3% all GTD cases. Weighted logistic analysis indicated that while age significantly affected the incidence of GTD (odds ratio (OR): 2.46; 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.79–3.37]; P < 0.001), socioeconomic status did not (OR: 1.94; 95% CI [1.0–3.79]; P = 0.05). Conclusions In the Republic of Korea, we observed overall incidence rates of GTD and HM of 1.3 and 1.1 per 1,000 pregnancies, respectively, which are similar to those reported in recent Western population-based studies. We also noted that annual incidence rates of GTD stabilized from 2009 to 2015.
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Hasan Basri Nasution, Muhammad, Ermi Girsang, Yolanda Eliza Putri Lubis, and Ali Napiah Nasution. "Medical Record Management Analysis Of Inpatient Patients Based On Standards Of Medical Record Services In Government Hospital In Medan." International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) 2, no. 3 (June 21, 2022): 520–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.51601/ijhp.v2i3.75.
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Inpatient medical records have an important role as a source of data and health information for inpatients related to treatment and care planning. The main factor that causes problems in inpatient medical records is the undisciplined factor of the person in charge who handles patients in filling out medical records. This can cause inpatient medical record management, not in accordance with medical record service standards. This study aimed to analyze inpatient medical record management based on medical record service standards. This research is a quantitative analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted at the Government Hospital in Medan. The research population was 126 people and all of them were used as samples. Sampling by means of total sampling. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate with chi-square test, and multivariate with multiple logistic regression at 95% confidence level (0.05). The results showed that inpatient medical record management implementation based on medical record service standards at the Government Hospital in Medan was influenced by work motivation (p = 0.001) and supervision (p = 0.000). While the variables that have no effect are length of work (p = 1,000), education (p = 0.848), teamwork (p = 0.241), and completeness of infrastructure (p = 0.760). The supervision variable is the most dominant variable or has the greatest influence with the value of Exp(B)/OR = 19,542. Medical record employees who state that supervision is carried out well by superiors will improve the implementation of inpatient medical record management well, compared to those who state that supervision is still not good. It is recommended that the leadership carry out inherent supervision (waskat) to all medical record employees and provide motivation through motivational seminars to improve the implementation of inpatient medical record management based on medical record service standards.
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Eliasdottir, Olöf Jona, Elias Olafsson, and Olafur Kjartansson. "Incidence of multiple sclerosis in Iceland, 2002–2007: a population-based study." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 17, no. 8 (April 20, 2011): 909–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458511402112.
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Background: We conducted a study to determine the incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) among the whole Icelandic population during a 6-year period (2002–2007). Methods: We included all Icelandic residents diagnosed with MS during the study period. Cases were identified from records of the only neurology department in Iceland, plus the records of all practicing neurologists and all radiology departments. All patients had experienced at least two confirmed MS relapses (i.e. clinically definite MS) or had primary progressive MS as defined by the Poser criteria. Results:We identified 136 individuals who met the inclusion criteria, including 102 (75%) women. The mean age at diagnosis was 36.3 years (women 35.7 years, men 38.3 years). Average annual incidence was 7.6 per 100,000 population. All but one patient (99%) had an MRI study done at diagnosis and 61% of these (83/135) fulfilled the Barkhof criteria for diagnosis of MS; one had a normal MRI. A visual evoked potential test was done in 68% (93/136) at the time of diagnosis and 44% (41/93) were abnormal. Spinal fluid was obtained from 78% (106/136), and 75% (80/106) had oligoclonal bands. Conclusion:A total population study is the most reliable method of determining the spectrum of clinical symptoms and the results of investigations in MS patients at diagnosis.
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Trafford, Alex M., Rosa Parisi, Martin K. Rutter, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Christopher E. M. Griffiths, and Darren M. Ashcroft. "Concordance and timing in recording cancer events in primary care, hospital and mortality records for patients with and without psoriasis: A population-based cohort study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 19, 2021): e0254661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254661.
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Background The association between psoriasis and the risk of cancer has been investigated in numerous studies utilising electronic health records (EHRs), with conflicting results in the extent of the association. Objectives To assess concordance and timing of cancer recording between primary care, hospital and death registration data for people with and without psoriasis. Methods Cohort studies delineated using primary care EHRs from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) GOLD and Aurum databases, with linkage to hospital episode statistics (HES), Office for National Statistics (ONS) mortality data and indices of multiple deprivation (IMD). People with psoriasis were matched to those without psoriasis by age, sex and general practice. Cancer recording between databases was investigated by proportion concordant, that being the presence of cancer record in both source and comparator datasets. Delay in recording cancer diagnoses between CPRD and HES records and predictors of discordance were also assessed. Results 58,904 people with psoriasis and 350,592 comparison patients were included using CPRD GOLD; whereas 213,400 people with psoriasis and 1,268,998 comparison patients were included in CPRD Aurum. For all cancer records (excluding keratinocyte), concordance between CPRD and HES was greater than 80%. Concordance for same-site cancer records was markedly lower (<68% GOLD-linked data; <72% Aurum-linked data). Concordance of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and liver cancer recording between CPRD and HES was lower for people with psoriasis compared to those without. Conclusions Concordance between CPRD and HES is poor when restricted to cancers of the same site, with greater discordance in people with psoriasis for some cancers of specific sites. The use of linked patient-level data is an important step in reducing misclassification of cancer outcomes in epidemiological studies using routinely collected electronic health records.
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Scott, Kenneth A., Emily Bacon, Emily McCormick Kraus, John F. Steiner, Gregory Budney, Jessica Bondy, L. Dean McEwen, and Arthur J. Davidson. "Evaluating Population Coverage in a Regional Distributed Data Network: Implications for Electronic Health Record–Based Public Health Surveillance." Public Health Reports 135, no. 5 (August 13, 2020): 621–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354920941158.
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Objective Electronic health records (EHRs) hold promise as a public health surveillance tool, but questions remain about how EHR patients compare with populations in health and demographic surveys. We compared population characteristics from a regional distributed data network (DDN), which securely and confidentially aggregates EHR data from multiple health care organizations in the same geographic region, with population characteristics from health and demographic surveys. Methods Ten health care organizations participating in a Colorado DDN contributed data for coverage estimation. We aggregated demographic and geographic data from 2017 for patients aged ≥18 residing in 7 counties. We used a cross-sectional design to compare DDN population size, by county, with the following survey-estimated populations: the county population, estimated by the American Community Survey (ACS); residents seeking any health care, estimated by the Colorado Health Access Survey; and residents seeking routine (eg, primary) health care, estimated by the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. We also compared data on the DDN and survey populations by sex, age group, race/ethnicity, and poverty level to assess surveillance system representativeness. Results The DDN population included 609 840 people in 7 counties, corresponding to 25% coverage of the general adult population. Population coverage ranged from 15% to 35% across counties. Demographic distributions generated by DDN and surveys were similar for many groups. Overall, the DDN and surveys assessing care-seeking populations had a higher proportion of women and older adults than the ACS population. The DDN included higher proportions of Hispanic people and people living in high-poverty neighborhoods compared with the surveys. Conclusion The DDN population is not a random sample of the regional adult population; it is influenced by health care use patterns and organizations participating in the DDN. Strengths and limitations of DDNs complement those of survey-based approaches. The regional DDN is a promising public health surveillance tool.
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Vijay, Amrita, Leena Mohan, Moira A. Taylor, Jane I. Grove, Ana M. Valdes, Guruprasad P. Aithal, and K. T. Shenoy. "The Evaluation and Use of a Food Frequency Questionnaire Among the Population in Trivandrum, South Kerala, India." Nutrients 12, no. 2 (January 31, 2020): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020383.
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Dietary record tools such as food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and food diaries (FD) are the most commonly used choices for assessing dietary intakes in most large-scale epidemiological studies. The authors developed a self-administered 360-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess dietary intakes amongst a population-based cohort in South Kerala. In the validation study (n = 460), the data were collected using FFQs that were administered on three different occasions which were then compared to 7-day food records. The intake of foods and nutrients was higher as determined by the FFQ than that assessed using food records. Spearman correlations for macro-nutrients ranged from 0.72 for protein to 0.61 for carbohydrates and for micronutrients, from 0.71 for vitamin B6 to 0.34 for magnesium. The correlation was improved with energy-adjusted nutrient intakes. On average, the exact agreement for the macronutrients ranged from 48.2% to 57.1%, and that for micronutrients ranged from 66.7% to 41.9%, with the median percentage of 49.58%. The authors conclude that the FFQ has an acceptable reproducibility, however, there was a systematic trend towards higher estimates with the FFQ for most nutrients compared to the FD records.
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Delatte, H., M. De Meyer, and M. Virgilio. "Genetic structure and range expansion of Zeugodacus Cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Africa." Bulletin of Entomological Research 109, no. 6 (February 7, 2019): 713–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485319000026.
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AbstractHypotheses about the worldwide colonization routes of the melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae), are mainly based on sparse historical records. Here we aim at reconstructing the colonization history of the African continent based on an improved description of the population structure of Z. cucurbitae and approximate Bayesian analyses. Individuals of Z. cucurbitae were sampled in 17 localities from East, West and Central Africa and genotyped at 19 microsatellite markers. Bayesian analyses showed intracontinental population structuring with populations from Uganda diverging from those of Tanzania and populations from Burundi and Kenya showing traces of admixture with West African samples. Approximate Bayesian Computation provided support to the hypothesis of a single introduction Z. cucurbitae into East Africa and subsequent expansion to West Africa, each colonization event was followed by a bottleneck that promoted population divergence within Africa. Parameter estimates suggested that these events are roughly compatible with the historical records of Z. cucurbitae presence in sub-Saharan Africa (viz. 1936 in East Africa and 1999 in West Africa) and allow excluding alternative hypotheses on older or multiple introductions of Z. cucurbitae.
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Kozinetz, Claudia A., Martha L. Skender, Nancy MacNaughton, Mary Jane Almes, Rebecca J. Schultz, Alan K. Percy, and Daniel G. Glaze. "Epidemiology of Rett Syndrome: A Population-Based Registry." Pediatrics 91, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): 445–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.91.2.445.
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The Texas Rett Syndrome Registry maintains the largest population-based registry of cases and potential cases of Rett syndrome in the world. The most precise estimate of the prevalence of Rett syndrome of 1 per 22800 (0.44/10000) females aged 2 through 18 years of age was generated from this Registry. In addition, the first prevalence figures for black and Hispanic female cases were estimated. Registry cases are actively ascertamed from multiple sources. Registry staff identify presumptive cases from review of information provided to the Registry by the parent or guardian. Preliminary diagnostic evaluation includes standardized review of medical records and videotape of key behaviors. Diagnosis is confirmed at clinical evaluation. The active surveillance system is monitored with the two-source capture-recapture methodology and case ascertainment is projected. The 1990 prevalence estimate of Rett syndrome indicates that the syndrome occurs less frequently than previously estimated. Until a biologic marker for Rett syndrome is identified or a standard definition for an incident case of Rett syndrome is designated, the prevalence of Rett syndrome will remain a major investigative issue of its epidemiology, and the Registry will be an important, systematic mean to gather case material for clinical and laboratory studies providing the foundation for the development of preventive interventions.
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Uhlig, BL, M. Engstrøm, SS Ødegård, KK Hagen, and T. Sand. "Headache and insomnia in population-based epidemiological studies." Cephalalgia 34, no. 10 (June 27, 2014): 745–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0333102414540058.
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Background Several epidemiological studies on the association between primary headaches and insomnia have been published in recent years. Both disorders are frequent, and our purpose was to review results from population-based studies exploring this association. Methods We performed a literature search in PubMed for “insomnia” (or sleep disturbance) and “headache” (or migraine) linked with “epidemiology.” Two hundred and eight records were identified. Three longitudinal and 10 cross-sectional studies met our inclusion criteria: population-based design with at least 200 participants including a numerical estimate of the association between headache and insomnia. Results and conclusions In nearly all studies, primary headaches, including migraine and tension-type headache, were significantly related to insomnia symptoms with OR estimates ranging from 1.4 to 1.7. The odds were even greater, from 2.0 to 2.6, for frequent, comorbid or severe headache. Recent large longitudinal studies from Norway found a bidirectional, possibly causal, association between headache and insomnia. However, not all studies used standardized diagnostic criteria for either headache or insomnia. Further research should use well defined and validated diagnostic criteria both for insomnia and headache types in order to improve the comparability between studies, investigate causality and clarify the relevance of the findings for clinical practice.
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Ibrahim, Amal S., Hussein M. Khaled, Nabiel NH Mikhail, Hoda Baraka, and Hossam Kamel. "Cancer Incidence in Egypt: Results of the National Population-Based Cancer Registry Program." Journal of Cancer Epidemiology 2014 (2014): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/437971.
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Background. This paper aims to present cancer incidence rates at national and regional level of Egypt, based upon results of National Cancer Registry Program (NCRP).Methods. NCRP stratified Egypt into 3 geographical strata: lower, middle, and upper. One governorate represented each region. Abstractors collected data from medical records of cancer centers, national tertiary care institutions, Health Insurance Organization, Government-Subsidized Treatment Program, and death records. Data entry was online. Incidence rates were calculated at a regional and a national level. Future projection up to 2050 was also calculated.Results. Age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 were 166.6 (both sexes), 175.9 (males), and 157.0 (females). Commonest sites were liver (23.8%), breast (15.4%), and bladder (6.9%) (both sexes): liver (33.6%) and bladder (10.7%) among men, and breast (32.0%) and liver (13.5%) among women. By 2050, a 3-fold increase in incident cancer relative to 2013 was estimated.Conclusion. These data are the only available cancer rates at national and regional levels of Egypt. The pattern of cancer indicated the increased burden of liver cancer. Breast cancer occupied the second rank. Study of rates of individual sites of cancer might help in giving clues for preventive programs.
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Koréissi-Dembélé, Yara, Esmee L. Doets, Nadia Fanou-Fogny, Paul JM Hulshof, Diego Moretti, and Inge D. Brouwer. "Comparing intake estimations based on food composition data with chemical analysis in Malian women." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 8 (February 8, 2017): 1351–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017000015.
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AbstractObjectiveFood composition databases are essential for estimating nutrient intakes in food consumption surveys. The present study aimed to evaluate the Mali food composition database (TACAM) for assessing intakes of energy and selected nutrients at population level.DesignWeighed food records and duplicate portions of all foods consumed during one day were collected. Intakes of energy, protein, fat, available carbohydrates, dietary fibre, Ca, Fe, Zn and vitamin A were assessed by: (i) estimating the nutrient intake from weighed food records based on an adjusted TACAM (a-TACAM); and (ii) chemical analysis of the duplicate portions. Agreement between the two methods was determined using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Bland–Altman plots.SettingBamako, Mali.SubjectsApparently healthy non-pregnant, non-lactating women (n36) aged 15–36 years.ResultsCorrelation coefficients between estimated and analysed values ranged from 0·38 to 0·61. At population level, mean estimated and analysed nutrient intakes differed significantly for carbohydrates (203·0v. 243·5 g/d), Fe (9·9v. 22·8 mg/d) and vitamin A (356v. 246 µg retinol activity equivalents). At individual level, all estimated and analysed nutrient intakes differed significantly; the differences tended to increase with higher intakes.ConclusionsThe a-TACAM is sufficiently acceptable for measuring average intakes of macronutrients, Ca and Zn at population level in low-intake populations, but not for carbohydrate, vitamin A and Fe intakes, and nutrient densities.