Journal articles on the topic 'POP model'
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Chen, David, Thomas Knothe, and Guy Doumeings. "POP* Meta-Model For Enterprise Model Interoperability." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 42, no. 4 (2009): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20090603-3-ru-2001.0375.
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Lee, SoJung, HakJun Song, Choong-Ki Lee, and James F. Petrick. "An Integrated Model of Pop Culture Fans’ Travel Decision-Making Processes." Journal of Travel Research 57, no. 5 (May 11, 2017): 687–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287517708619.
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This study integrated the Model of Goal-directed Behavior (MGB) and the Attention, Interest, Desire, and Actions (AIDA) model into a conceptual framework to examine how pop culture influences decisions to visit a pop culture–featured destination. Findings revealed that visit intentions were significantly influenced by variables in the two models (MGB and AIDA), highlighting that attention to pop culture and positive anticipated emotions played important roles in unifying them. Results suggest that the integrated framework offers a comprehensive and coherent perspective on the complicated decision-making process of pop culture fans, which enhances the explanatory power for predicting future intentions. Thus, this paper offers an innovative approach to integrating models from the disciplines of psychology and advertising.
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Saha, Debashis, and Varadharajan Sridhar. "Platform on Platform (PoP) Model for Meta-Networking." International Journal of Business Data Communications and Networking 9, no. 1 (January 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jbdcn.2013010101.
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In this research essay, the authors envision a Platform-on-Platform (PoP) model to understand the (r)evolutionary nature of future networks, with examples and constructs from the two most pervasive networks, namely the Internet and the mobile cellular networks. First, they articulate how PoP model is conceptualized on the economic principles of n-sided markets and discuss associated network effects for the platforms to attain critical mass for sustainability. Then, the authors attempted to analyze the enablers of the PoP including open systems and standards and their effect on the success of PoP. Next, they apply the principles of PoP to two use cases – Internet of Things and Enterprise Mobility, and indicate the relevant research issues that need to be addressed. The authors concluded with remarks on the importance of security as a platform, which in their opinion has not been given due importance thus far, and the related avenues of research for the reliability and sustainability of future networks.
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Jordan, CS, E. W. Farmer, A. J. Belyavin, S. J. Selcon, A. J. Bunting, C. R. Shanks, and P. Newman. "Empirical Validation of the Prediction of Operator Performance (POP) Model." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 40, no. 2 (October 1996): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129604000207.
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This paper describes an experiment conducted to validate the Prediction of Operator Performance (POP) model in a flight simulation context. The POP model uses subjective ratings of the demand imposed by single tasks to predict both the demand and performance associated with concurrent tasks. Previous experiments on the POP model have investigated a wide range of experimental tasks including tracking and verbal reasoning. In this experiment eight subjects performed flight control, threat assessment and threat identification tasks singly and in combination. Performance measures and POP scores were collected at the completion of each task condition. The results demonstrated performance decrements in the dual task conditions that were consistent with the predictions. The implications for the POP model are discussed in terms of workload modelling and human performance modelling within the context of the Integrated Performance Modelling Environment (IPME) currently being developed within the Defence Evaluation and Research Agency
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Kanna, Sohei, Yoichi Yamashita, and Tomoya Kawabata. "Reproducibility of pop-in using heterogeneous welded joint specimen and cohesive surface model." MATEC Web of Conferences 300 (2019): 19004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930019004.
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When a pop-in as a phenomenon of initiation, propagation, and arrest of a brittle crack occurs in the fracture toughness test, the fracture toughness may be evaluated extremely low. In order to identify the cause of pop-in occurrence, an objective of this study was to demonstrate pop-ins in the three-point bend fracture toughness tests. It was possible to reproduce pop-ins at LBZ zone by preparing the specimens containing heterogeneous weld metals and considering the temperature dependency of the toughness in each welding material. Furthermore, the pop-in occurrence could be simulated by finite element analysis using a cohesive surface.
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Haverd, V., B. Smith, L. P. Nieradzik, and P. R. Briggs. "A stand-alone tree demography and landscape structure module for Earth system models: integration with inventory data from temperate and boreal forests." Biogeosciences 11, no. 15 (August 1, 2014): 4039–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4039-2014.
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Abstract. Poorly constrained rates of biomass turnover are a key limitation of Earth system models (ESMs). In light of this, we recently proposed a new approach encoded in a model called Populations-Order-Physiology (POP), for the simulation of woody ecosystem stand dynamics, demography and disturbance-mediated heterogeneity. POP is suitable for continental to global applications and designed for coupling to the terrestrial ecosystem component of any ESM. POP bridges the gap between first-generation dynamic vegetation models (DVMs) with simple large-area parameterisations of woody biomass (typically used in current ESMs) and complex second-generation DVMs that explicitly simulate demographic processes and landscape heterogeneity of forests. The key simplification in the POP approach, compared with second-generation DVMs, is to compute physiological processes such as assimilation at grid-scale (with CABLE (Community Atmosphere Biosphere Land Exchange) or a similar land surface model), but to partition the grid-scale biomass increment among age classes defined at sub-grid-scale, each subject to its own dynamics. POP was successfully demonstrated along a savanna transect in northern Australia, replicating the effects of strong rainfall and fire disturbance gradients on observed stand productivity and structure. Here, we extend the application of POP to wide-ranging temporal and boreal forests, employing paired observations of stem biomass and density from forest inventory data to calibrate model parameters governing stand demography and biomass evolution. The calibrated POP model is then coupled to the CABLE land surface model, and the combined model (CABLE-POP) is evaluated against leaf–stem allometry observations from forest stands ranging in age from 3 to 200 year. Results indicate that simulated biomass pools conform well with observed allometry. We conclude that POP represents an ecologically plausible and efficient alternative to large-area parameterisations of woody biomass turnover, typically used in current ESMs.
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Haverd, V., B. Smith, L. P. Nieradzik, and P. R. Briggs. "A stand-alone tree demography and landscape structure module for Earth system models: integration with global forest data." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 2 (February 11, 2014): 2343–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-2343-2014.
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Abstract. Poorly constrained rates of biomass turnover are a key limitation of Earth system models (ESM). In light of this, we recently proposed a new approach encoded in a model called Populations-Order-Physiology (POP), for the simulation of woody ecosystem stand dynamics, demography and disturbance-mediated heterogeneity. POP is suitable for continental to global applications and designed for coupling to the terrestrial ecosystem component of any ESM. POP bridges the gap between first generation Dynamic Vegetation Models (DVMs) with simple large-area parameterisations of woody biomass (typically used in current ESMs) and complex second generation DVMs, that explicitly simulate demographic processes and landscape heterogeneity of forests. The key simplification in the POP approach, compared with second-generation DVMs, is to compute physiological processes such as assimilation at grid-scale (with CABLE or a similar land surface model), but to partition the grid-scale biomass increment among age classes defined at sub grid-scale, each subject to its own dynamics. POP was successfully demonstrated along a savanna transect in northern Australia, replicating the effects of strong rainfall and fire disturbance gradients on observed stand productivity and structure. Here, we extend the application of POP to a range of forest types around the globe, employing paired observations of stem biomass and density from forest inventory data to calibrate model parameters governing stand demography and biomass evolution. The calibrated POP model is then coupled to the CABLE land surface model and the combined model (CABLE-POP) is evaluated against leaf-stem allometry observations from forest stands ranging in age from 3 to 200 yr. Results indicate that simulated biomass pools conform well with observed allometry. We conclude that POP represents a preferable alternative to large-area parameterisations of woody biomass turnover, typically used in current ESMs.
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Baker, Allison H., Yong Hu, Dorit M. Hammerling, Yu-heng Tseng, Haiying Xu, Xiaomeng Huang, Frank O. Bryan, and Guangwen Yang. "Evaluating statistical consistency in the ocean model component of the Community Earth System Model (pyCECT v2.0)." Geoscientific Model Development 9, no. 7 (July 12, 2016): 2391–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-2391-2016.
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Abstract. The Parallel Ocean Program (POP), the ocean model component of the Community Earth System Model (CESM), is widely used in climate research. Most current work in CESM-POP focuses on improving the model's efficiency or accuracy, such as improving numerical methods, advancing parameterization, porting to new architectures, or increasing parallelism. Since ocean dynamics are chaotic in nature, achieving bit-for-bit (BFB) identical results in ocean solutions cannot be guaranteed for even tiny code modifications, and determining whether modifications are admissible (i.e., statistically consistent with the original results) is non-trivial. In recent work, an ensemble-based statistical approach was shown to work well for software verification (i.e., quality assurance) on atmospheric model data. The general idea of the ensemble-based statistical consistency testing is to use a qualitative measurement of the variability of the ensemble of simulations as a metric with which to compare future simulations and make a determination of statistical distinguishability. The capability to determine consistency without BFB results boosts model confidence and provides the flexibility needed, for example, for more aggressive code optimizations and the use of heterogeneous execution environments. Since ocean and atmosphere models have differing characteristics in term of dynamics, spatial variability, and timescales, we present a new statistical method to evaluate ocean model simulation data that requires the evaluation of ensemble means and deviations in a spatial manner. In particular, the statistical distribution from an ensemble of CESM-POP simulations is used to determine the standard score of any new model solution at each grid point. Then the percentage of points that have scores greater than a specified threshold indicates whether the new model simulation is statistically distinguishable from the ensemble simulations. Both ensemble size and composition are important. Our experiments indicate that the new POP ensemble consistency test (POP-ECT) tool is capable of distinguishing cases that should be statistically consistent with the ensemble and those that should not, as well as providing a simple, subjective and systematic way to detect errors in CESM-POP due to the hardware or software stack, positively contributing to quality assurance for the CESM-POP code.
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Breit, Manfred, Friedrich Häubi, and Fabian Märki. "4D POP Model Support for Lean Construction." IABSE Symposium Report 94, no. 12 (January 1, 2008): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137808796106189.
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Bishop, Stuart P., and Frank O. Bryan. "A Comparison of Mesoscale Eddy Heat Fluxes from Observations and a High-Resolution Ocean Model Simulation of the Kuroshio Extension." Journal of Physical Oceanography 43, no. 12 (December 1, 2013): 2563–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-13-0150.1.
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Abstract For the first time estimates of divergent eddy heat flux (DEHF) from a high-resolution (0.1°) simulation of the Parallel Ocean Program (POP) are compared with estimates made during the Kuroshio Extension System Study (KESS). The results from POP are in good agreement with KESS observations. POP captures the lateral and vertical structure of mean-to-eddy energy conversion rates, which range from 2 to 10 cm2 s−3. The dynamical mechanism of vertical coupling between the deep and upper ocean is the process responsible for DEHFs in POP and is in accordance with baroclinic instability observed in the Gulf Stream and Kuroshio Extension. Meridional eddy heat transport values are ~14% larger in POP at its maximum value. This is likely due to the more zonal path configuration in POP. The results from this study suggest that HR POP is a useful tool for estimating eddy statistics in the Kuroshio Extension region, and thereby provide guidance in the formulation and testing of eddy mixing parameterization schemes.
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Putri, Agustiani, Cindy Oktaviani, and Dadan Sumardani. "PENGEMBANGAN BUKU BHINEKA NUSWAPADA MODEL POP-UP SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN LEGENDA INDONESIA." ALFABETA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pembelajarannya 3, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33503/alfabeta.v3i1.767.
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Nowadays, most teenagers don't like Indonesian legends because they are considered as old-fashioned and boring stories. The results of a survey of 124 respondents who are teenagers resulted in 85% of respondents consider the legend is not interesting. Whereas 10% of respondents answered interestingly and 5% answered relatively. This study aims to: (i) develop pop-up books that present Indonesian legends for junior high school students, (ii) provide unique and interesting short stories and (iii) illustrate the comparison of student responses before and after using pop-up books as an alternative learning medium. The research method is research and development (R&D). Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that (1) this research produced a product in the form of a pop-up book entitled "Bhineka Nuswapada", 2) a pop-up book worth using as indicated by the results of the student questionnaire responses of 91.15% with the interpretation of the criteria very good and (3) based on the results of the media effectiveness test, after using the pop-up book media there was an increase in student learning outcomes with an N-Gain value of 0.41 on the medium criteria. Therefore, Bhineka Nuswapada is the best alternative medium for learning legend for students.
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Ruqoyyah, Ruqoyyah, M. Aji Fatkhurrohman, and Yuni Arfiani. "Implementasi Model Inkuiri Terbimbing Berbantuan Pop-up book untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Peserta Didik." Jurnal Edukasi Matematika dan Sains 8, no. 1 (March 14, 2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25273/jems.v8i1.6166.
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<p>Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbedaan dan pengaruh serta mengetahui keefektifan penggunaan model inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan <em>pop-up book</em> untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif perserta didik. Pengambilan data yang diambil dengan teknis tes, lembar observasi, dan angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, terdapat perbedaan dan pengaruh hasil belajar kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen pada pembelajaran yang menggunakan model inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan <em>pop-up book</em> dilihat dari hasil kemampuan awal dan kemampuan akhir peserta didik. Penelitian ini juga mengukur keefektifan model ikuiri terbimbing berbantuan <em>pop-up book</em> untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik. Hasil analisis pada kelas eksperimen menggunakan N-Gain memperoleh rata- rata nilai sebesar 56,24 lebih besar dari kelas kontrol yang memperoleh rata-rata sebesar 45,1. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa pembelajaran IPA lebih efektif menggunakan model inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan <em>pop-up book</em> daripada hanya menggunakan model inkuiri terbimbing</p><p> </p><p>The purpose of this study is to determine the differences and effects and to determine the effectiveness of the use of guided inquiry models assisted by <em>pop-up book</em>s to improve students' creative thinking abilities. Retrieval of data taken with technical tests, observation sheets, and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is the t-test. The results showed that, there were differences and the influence of the learning outcomes of the control class and the experimental class on learning using the guided inquiry model aided by <em>pop-up book</em>s viewed from the results of the students' initial and final abilities. This study also measures the effectiveness of the guided inquiry model assisted by <em>pop-up book</em>s to improve students' creative thinking abilities. The results of the analysis in the experimental class using N-Gain obtained an average value of 56.24 greater than the control class which obtained an average of 45.1. This shows that science learning is more effective using the guided inquiry model assisted by <em>pop-up book</em>s than only using the guided inquiry model.</p>
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Kim, Joon-ho, Seung-hye Jung, Jung-sik Roh, and Hyun-ju Choi. "Success Factors and Sustainability of the K-Pop Industry: A Structural Equation Model and Fuzzy Set Analysis." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 24, 2021): 5927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115927.
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As the popularity of K-pop grows, the industry is contributing to the positive perceptions of South Korea’s overall national brand value. This has led to it being considered a strategic industry worth cultivating. However, many people are unsure of its sustainability. To address this, our study investigates the factors that are key to the industry’s success—K-pop industry success factors—and their relationship with sustainability (SNS citizenship behavior and tourist behavioral intention). The study surveyed 1247 global viewers (eight countries) who listen to K-pop via TV, radio, and the Internet, watch K-pop videos on YouTube, and search information related to K-pop on SNS. The collected data were analyzed using two statistical techniques: structural equation model (SEM) analysis and fuzzy set-quality comparative analysis (fsQCA). (1) According to the SEM analysis, of the K-pop success factors, three factors demonstrated a statistically significant positive influence on SNS citizenship behavior: casting, producing/promotion, and content. (2) SNS citizenship behavior showed a statistically significant positive influence on tourist behavioral intention. (3) According to the fsQCA results, casting, training, social media, content, and SNS citizenship behavior were commonly derived at least three times, indicating that these are key factors impacting tourist behavioral intention. (4) In summary, results confirmed that, with the exception of producers, the five K-pop success factors, casting, training, producing/promotion, social media, and content, are crucial to sustainability and to increasing tourist behavioral intention.
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Abramavicius, Silvijus, Vaidotas Galaune, Agile Tunaityte, Astra Vitkauskiene, Gintautas Gumbrevicius, Aurelija Radzeviciene, and Romaldas Maciulaitis. "The Glomerular Filtration Rate Estimators in the Pharmacokinetic Modelling in Acute Kidney Injury: An Observational Study." Antibiotics 10, no. 2 (February 4, 2021): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10020158.
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The glomerular filtration rate (GFR), according to which the drug dose for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is adjusted, is computed with estimators (eGFR) that are developed specifically for CKD. These particular types of estimators are also used in population pharmacokinetic (pop PK) modelling in drug development. Similar approaches without scientific validation have been proposed for patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), yet it is uncertain which specific eGFR should be used for drug dosing or in pop PK models in patients with AKI. In our study, we included 34 patients with AKI and vancomycin (VCM) treatment, and we built both individual PK and pop PK (non-linear mixed-effects, one-compartment) models to see which eGFR estimator is the best covariate. In these models different eGFRs (Cockcroft-Gault, MDRD, CKD-EPI 2009, Jelliffe and Jelliffe, Chen et al., and Yashiro et al. 2013) were used. We included six additional patients to validate the final pop PK model. All eGFRs underrate the true renal clearance in the AKI, so we created pop PK models for VCM dosing in AKI with all eGFRs, to discover that the most accurate model was the one with the Cockcroft-Gault estimator. Since the eGFRs underestimate the true renal clearance in AKI, they are inaccurate for clinical drug dosing decisions, with the exception of the Cockcroft-Gault one, which is appropriate for the pop PK models intended for drug development purposes in AKI.
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Mintarsih, Nunung. "PENGEMBANGAN BUKU DONGENG POP UP BAHASA JERMAN SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KARYA SASTRA BAHASA JERMAN DI SMA NEGERI 1 MAOSPATI." Jurnal Guru Dikmen dan Diksus 1, no. 1 (July 23, 2020): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.47239/jgdd.v1i1.23.
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Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan (1) Proses pengembangan prototipe media Buku Dongeng Pop up Bahasa Jerman; (2) Kelayakan Buku Dongeng Pop up Bahasa Jerman; (3) Kepraktisan Buku Dongeng Pop up Bahasa Jerman; dan (4) Keefektivan Buku Dongeng Pop up Bahasa Jerman. Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan Four-D Model dari Thiagarajan, Dorothy, dan Melvyn yang terdiri dari 4 tahap yaitu Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Maospati dengan sampel kelas XI MIPA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (a) Proses pengembangan media Buku Dongeng Pop up Bahasa Jerman didasarkan atas hasil analisis kebutuhan belajar dan divalidasi oleh pakar pembelajaran Bahasa Jerman dan pakar media pembelajaran. Untuk uji kepraktisan dan keefektifan media melibatkan guru dan siswa; (b) media Pembelajaran Buku Dongeng Pop up Bahasa Jerman termasuk dalam kategori sangat layak; (c) media Pembelajaran Buku Dongeng Pop up Bahasa Jerman yang dikembangkan sangat praktis; dan (d) media Pembelajaran Buku Dongeng Pop up Bahasa Jerman termasuk dalam kategori efektif karena nilai sig. (2 tailed) hasil uji t Paired Sample t-test adalah 0.000 atau < 0.005.
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Wilkinson, David A. "Pop science and pop theology: new ways of exploring an old dialogue." Theology 123, no. 1 (January 2020): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040571x19883534.
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While the contemporary media scene often reinforces the conflict model of science and religion, it also may offer new opportunities in moving present discussions of science and religion forward. Looking at news reporting, the new priesthood of scientific celebrities and the universal popularity of The Simpsons and Star Wars, this article argues that in the importance of the person, imagination and narrative, the scientist and the theologian can rediscover older and fruitful resources.
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Beny Asfuri, Ninda, and Luncana Faridhoh Sasmito. "Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran PQ4R (Preview, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite Dan Review) With Pop Up Pada Kurikulum 2013 Mata Pelajaran Tematik Kelas V SD Kecamatan Banyudono." JURNAL PENDIDIKAN DASAR NUSANTARA 6, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 130–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29407/jpdn.v6i2.14984.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh Model pembelajaran PQ4R with Pop Up terhadap kreatifitas belajar siswa pada kurikulum 2013 mata pelajaran tematik kelas V dan seberapa besar pengaruhnya. Dari tujuan tersebut maka penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen dengan menggunakan Pretest-Posttest Control-Group Design. Dalam pelaksanaan penelitian subyek penelitian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol dan kelompok eksperimen. Kelompok kontrol diberikan model pembelajaran konvensional sedangkan kelompok eksperimen diberikan model PQ4R with pop up, kemudian diambil data kreatifitas belajar mata pelajaran tematik dari kedua kelompok. Data kreatifitas belajar mata pelajaran tematik pada kedua kelompok dianalisis menggunakan SPSS untuk menjawab rumusan masalah. Dari analisis data diperoleh 0,000 atau < 0,05 yang berarti bahwa: Ho di tolak dan menerima H1 atau dengan kata lain ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara penggunaan model pembelajaran PQ4R with pop up terhadap kreatifitas belajar mata pelajaran tematik siswa kelas V. Dari uji regresi dengan SPSS didapatkan nilai R sebesar 0,786 yang berarti bahwa ada pengaruh yang kuat antara model pembelajaran PQ4R with pop up dengan kreatifitas belajar mata pelajaran tematik kurikulum 2013 dan dari nilai R square didapat nilai 0,625 yang berarti bahwa model pembelajaran PQ4R with pop up berpengaruh positif terhadap kreatifitas belajar mata pelajaran tematik sebesar 62,5%
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Toye, Francine, Jeannine Pearl, Katy Vincent, and Karen Barker. "A qualitative evidence synthesis using meta-ethnography to understand the experience of living with pelvic organ prolapse." International Urogynecology Journal 31, no. 12 (September 1, 2020): 2631–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00192-020-04494-z.
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Abstract Introduction and hypothesis Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) affects the lives of many people. We aimed to systematically search for, identify and synthesize qualitative research that explores what it is like to live with POP and make this knowledge available for healthcare improvement. Methods We systematically searched Medline, PsychInfo, Embase and CINAHL, from inception to March 2020, for qualitative research exploring the experience of living with POP. We used meta-ethnography to synthesize findings. This is a conceptual approach to qualitative evidence synthesis. We used the recent guidelines for reporting meta-ethnography. Results We screened 3103 titles and 255 abstracts and included 37 primary studies. These incorporated the experience of 777 women, (aged 18 to 95 years) from a range of countries. We organized 162 ideas into 27 conceptual categories and 10 themes. We developed a conceptual model that helps us to understand the experience of pelvic organ prolapse. This model indicates that (1) the physical losses of POP are intricately linked to loss of identity; (2) women conceptualized POP as part of womanhood, yet also its thief; (3) there is a vicious cycle of taboo, silence and misunderstanding about POP and its treatment; (4) this silence is exacerbated by a feeling that POP is not taken seriously in healthcare. Conclusions This meta-ethnography helps us to understand the experience of living with a POP. Our model illustrates the complex process of healthcare decision making. Further studies to explore the complexity of decision making from the perspective of patient and health professional are timely.
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Solihah, Ni'matus, and Ajat Sudrajat. "DAMPAK MODERNITAS K-POP PADA GAYA HIDUP SISWI DI SEKOLAH BERBASIS PESANTREN (STUDI MTs ALI MAKSUM PONDOK PESANTREN KRAPYAK YOGYAKARTA)." Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif 13, no. 1 (February 22, 2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/jsr.v13i1.1529.
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K-pop (Korean Pop) culture, is currently a trend among female students in Islamic boarding schools. K-pop who are born not from Islamic circles certainly have a culture that is different from the teachings of Islam which have been taught in Islamic boarding schools, which maintain and teach traditional Islam. The study aims to reveal about the impact of K-pop modernity for students lifestyles in MTs Ali Maksum Pondok Pesantren Krapyak, Yogyakarta and the impact of K-pop on character education in social science learning. This study used the qualitative descriptive method with phenomenological approach. The data collecting technique was through observation, interviews, and documentation, with data analysis technique Miles and Huberman model. The results of this study indicate that Individual lifestyle can be observed by three dimensions which are activity, interest, and opinion. On activity, the majority of free time for K-popers students is used for things related to K-pop and spending on products related to K-pop. Whereas in the dimension of interest, K-popers students, love and prioritize things related to K-pop. In the opinion, K-popers students argue that K-pop has a positive and negative impact. The high consumption intensity of K-pop also has an impact on the reduced concentration of students during social studies learning, so character education in social studies learning is not well conveyed.Budaya K-pop (Korean Pop), saat ini menjadi tren di kalangan siswi di pesantren. K-pop yang lahir bukan dari kalangan agama Islam tentu memiliki budaya yang berbeda dengan ajaran Islam yang selama ini diajarkan di pesantren, yang menjaga serta mengajarkan ketradisionalan Islam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak modernitas yang dibawa oleh K-pop terhadap gaya hidup siswi MTs Ali Maksum Pondok Pesantren Krapyak Yogyakarta serta dampaknya terhadap pendidikan karakter pada pembelajaran IPS. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi dengan teknik analisis data model Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Gaya hidup individu dapat diukur melalui tiga dimensi yaitu aktivitas, minat, dan opini. Pada aktivitas, mayoritas waktu luang siswi K-popers digunakan untuk hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan K-pop dan pembelanjaan produk yang terkait dengan K-pop. Pada minat, siswi K-popers hanya menyukai dan memprioritaskan hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan K-pop. Pada opini, siswi K-popers berpendapat bahawa K-pop memberikan dampak positif dan negatif. Intensitas konsumsi yang tinggi terhadap K-pop juga berdampak pada berkurangnya konsentrasi siswi pada saat pembelajaran IPS, sehingga pendidikan karakter pada pembelajaran IPS tidak tersampaikan dengan baik
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van Werkhoven, B., J. Maassen, M. Kliphuis, H. A. Dijkstra, S. E. Brunnabend, M. van Meersbergen, F. J. Seinstra, and H. E. Bal. "A distributed computing approach to improve the performance of the Parallel Ocean Program (v2.1)." Geoscientific Model Development 7, no. 1 (February 7, 2014): 267–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-267-2014.
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Abstract. The Parallel Ocean Program (POP) is used in many strongly eddying ocean circulation simulations. Ideally it would be desirable to be able to do thousand-year-long simulations, but the current performance of POP prohibits these types of simulations. In this work, using a new distributed computing approach, two methods to improve the performance of POP are presented. The first is a block-partitioning scheme for the optimization of the load balancing of POP such that it can be run efficiently in a multi-platform setting. The second is the implementation of part of the POP model code on graphics processing units (GPUs). We show that the combination of both innovations also leads to a substantial performance increase when running POP simultaneously over multiple computational platforms.
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van Werkhoven, B., J. Maassen, M. Kliphuis, H. A. Dijkstra, S. E. Brunnabend, M. van Meersbergen, F. J. Seinstra, and H. E. Bal. "A distributed computing approach to improve the performance of the Parallel Ocean Program (v2.1)." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 6, no. 3 (September 12, 2013): 4705–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-6-4705-2013.
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Abstract. The Parallel Ocean Program (POP) is used in many strongly eddying ocean circulation simulations. Ideally one would like to do thousand-year long simulations, but the current performance of POP prohibits this type of simulations. In this work, using a new distributed computing approach, two innovations to improve the performance of POP are presented. The first is a new block partitioning scheme for the optimization of the load balancing of POP such that it can be run efficiently in a multi-platform setting. The second is an implementation of part of the POP model code on Graphics Processing Units. We show that the combination of both innovations leads to a substantial performance increase also when running POP simultaneously over multiple computational platforms.
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Qian, JI, and ZHENG Jiayu. "The Color Application of the Representative Pop Art in Modern Design –– Illustrated by the Case of MAOS Design i." MATEC Web of Conferences 176 (2018): 02017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817602017.
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This study uses Kuler tools to extract color from representative traditional Pop Art works. A total of 25 color samples have been extracted and put into the HSB model for position distribution analysis, while 70 color samples have been extracted from the Pop style modern design works. Through analyzing and contrasting the color samples of traditional pop art and modern pop art design work, the author has summarized the similarities and differences in order to provide new ideas for color research and application.
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Stewart, Alan E., Castle A. Williams, Minh D. Phan, Alexandra L. Horst, Evan D. Knox, and John A. Knox. "Through the Eyes of the Experts: Meteorologists’ Perceptions of the Probability of Precipitation." Weather and Forecasting 31, no. 1 (January 28, 2016): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-15-0058.1.
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Abstract Prior surveys of the public indicated that a variety of meanings and interpretations exist about the probability of precipitation (PoP). Does the same variety of meanings for the PoP exist among members of the professional atmospheric science community? What do members of the professional community think that the public should know to understand the PoP more fully? These questions were examined in a survey of 188 meteorologists and broadcasters. Meteorologists were observed to express a variety of different definitions of the PoP and also indicated a high degree of confidence in the accuracy of their definitions. Differences in the definitions stemmed from the way the PoP was derived from model output statistics, parsing of a 12-h PoP over shorter time frames, and generalizing from a point PoP to a wider coverage warning area. In this regard 43% of the online survey respondents believed that there was no or very little consistency in the definition of PoP; only 8% believed that the PoP definition has been used in a consistent manner. The respondents believed that the PoP was limited in its value to the general public because, on average, those surveyed believed that only about 22% of the population had an accurate conception of the PoP. These results imply that the atmospheric science community should work to achieve a wider consensus about the meaning of the PoP. Further, until meteorologists develop a consistent conception of the PoP and disseminate it, the public’s understanding of PoP-based forecasts may remain fuzzy.
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Putri, Desy Eka, Siti Nurinayah, Fifiet Dwi Tresna Santana, and Dewi Safitri Elshap. "MENGEMBANGKAN KECERDASAN LOGIS MATEMATIK PADA ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI METODE CERITA BERGAMBAR MODEL POP UP KELOMPOK B." CERIA (Cerdas Energik Responsif Inovatif Adaptif) 2, no. 6 (September 14, 2019): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.22460/ceria.v2i6.p382-387.
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This research was conducted to find out the differences from the learning methods of ordinary pictorial stories with the pop up models of the more unique and different pop up models, but also through this research it is hoped to provide new experiences for children, bearing in mind that learning is still focused on writing, reading and counting (calistung). This study uses the experimental method because there is a comparison between the control class and the experimental class. The subject and location of the study were group B students. The study population was the B-Saturn group and the B-Uranus group with a sample students, with a total of 28 students. Data collection techniques using pretest and posttest. Pretest technique using ordinary picture stories while in the posttest technique using picture models pop up. Results of Research The average value (mean) in the control class is BB (1.21), MB (0.21), BSB (0.42) and BSH (0.14) while in the experimental class the average value is BB (0.29), MB (0.21) , BSB (0.5) and BSH (0.14). Then it can be concluded that "Hypothesis is accepted", meaning that there is a difference between student learning outcomes to develop mathematical logical intelligence in the pretest and post test. So it can be concluded that there is an influence in "Developing mathematical logical intelligence in early childhood through the method of picture story pop up models in group B"This research was conducted to find out the differences from the learning methods of ordinary pictorial stories with the pop up models of the more unique and different pop up models, but also through this research it is hoped to provide new experiences for children, bearing in mind that learning is still focused on writing, reading and counting (calistung). This study uses the experimental method because there is a comparison between the control class and the experimental class. The subject and location of the study were group B students. The study population was the B-Saturn group and the B-Uranus group with a sample students, with a total of 28 students. Data collection techniques using pretest and posttest. Pretest technique using ordinary picture stories while in the posttest technique using picture models pop up. Results of Research The average value (mean) in the control class is BB (1.21), MB (0.21), BSB (0.42) and BSH (0.14) while in the experimental class the average value is BB (0.29), MB (0.21) , BSB (0.5) and BSH (0.14). Then it can be concluded that "Hypothesis is accepted", meaning that there is a difference between student learning outcomes to develop mathematical logical intelligence in the pretest and post test. So that it can be concluded mathematical logical intelligence by using the pop up model pictorial story method is better than groups that use ordinary learning.
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Mebane, Richard H., Jordan Mirocha, and Steven R. Furlanetto. "The effects of population III radiation backgrounds on the cosmological 21-cm signal." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 493, no. 1 (February 6, 2020): 1217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa280.
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ABSTRACT We investigate the effects of Population III (Pop III) stars and their remnants on the cosmological 21-cm global signal. By combining a semi-analytic model of Pop III star formation with a global 21-cm simulation code, we investigate how X-ray and radio emission from accreting Pop III black holes may affect both the timing and depth of the 21-cm absorption feature that follows the initial onset of star formation during the Cosmic Dawn. We compare our results to the findings of the EDGES experiment, which has reported the first detection of a cosmic 21-cm signal. In general, we find that our fiducial Pop III models, which have peak star formation rate densities of ∼10−4 M⊙ yr−1 Mpc−3 between z ∼ 10 and z ∼ 15, are able to match the timing of the EDGES signal quite well, in contrast to models that ignore Pop III stars. To match the unexpectedly large depth of the EDGES signal without recourse to exotic physics, we vary the parameters of emission from accreting black holes (formed as Pop III remnants) including the intrinsic strength of X-ray and radio emission as well as the local column density of neutral gas. We find that models with strong radio emission and relatively weak X-ray emission can self-consistently match the EDGES signal, though this solution requires fine-tuning. We are only able to produce signals with sharp features similar to the EDGES signal if the Pop III IMF is peaked narrowly around $140 \, \mathrm{M}_\odot$.
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Kang, In-Gu, Nayoung Kim, Wei-Yin Loh, and Barbara A. Bichelmeyer. "A Machine-Learning Classification Tree Model of Perceived Organizational Performance in U.S. Federal Government Health Agencies." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 16, 2021): 10329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810329.
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Perceived organizational performance (POP) is an important factor that influences employees’ attitudes and behaviors such as retention and turnover, which in turn improve or impede organizational sustainability. The current study aims to identify interaction patterns of risk factors that differentiate public health and human services employees who perceived their agency performance as low. The 2018 Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey (FEVS), a nationally representative sample of U.S. federal government employees, was used for this study. The study included 43,029 federal employees (weighted n = 75,706) among 10 sub-agencies in the public health and human services sector. The machine-learning classification decision-tree modeling identified several tree-splitting variables and classified 33 subgroups of employees with 2 high-risk, 6 moderate-risk and 25 low-risk subgroups of POP. The important variables predicting POP included performance-oriented culture, organizational satisfaction, organizational procedural justice, task-oriented leadership, work security and safety, and employees’ commitment to their agency, and important variables interacted with one another in predicting risks of POP. Complex interaction patterns in high- and moderate-risk subgroups, the importance of a machine-learning approach to sustainable human resource management in industry 4.0, and the limitations and future research are discussed.
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Darusuprapti, Fajarsih, and Haryanto Haryanto. "PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS CERITA PENDEK MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN POP-UP." Widyaparwa 47, no. 1 (August 26, 2019): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/wdprw.v47i1.315.
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The research aims to improve the learning process and short story writing skills using pop-up media in 4th grade students of elementary school Muhammadiyah Sidokarto. Type of research class action model Kemmis and Mc Taggart. Subjects class 4th students totaling 20 students. Method of data collection research uses the method of testing, observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used quantitative and qualitative. The results of the study indicate that pop up media can improve short story writing skills. The process of improving learning to write short stories using pop-up media is students learn the material of short story elements, linguistic material, how to compile short story based on pop-up media, and write short stories using pop-up media. Improvement of short story writing skills first cycle 19.7 from the precycle average value of 59.9 to 79.6. The increase in short story writing skills the second cycle 25.85 from the pre-cycle average value to 85.75. Penelitian bertujuan untuk meningkatkan proses pembelajaran dan keterampilan menulis cerita pendek menggunakan media pembelajaran pop-up siswa kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Sidokarto. Jenis penelitian merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV berjumlah 20 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian menggunakan metode tes, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu teknik kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran pop-up dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis cerita pendek. Proses peningkatan pembelajaran menulis cerita pendek menggunakan media pembelajaran pop-up dengan cara siswa mempelajari materi unsur-unsur cerita pendek, materi kebahasaan, cara menyusun kerangka cerita pendek berdasarkan media pembelajaran pop-up, danmenulis cerita pendek menggunakan media pembelajaran pop-up. Peningkatan keterampilan menulis cerita pendek pada siklus I sebesar 19,7 dari nilai rata-rata prasiklus sebesar 59,9 menjadi 79,6. Peningkatan keterampilan menulis cerita pendek pada siklus II sebesar 25,85 dari nilai rata-rata prasiklus menjadi 85,75.
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Mherekumombe, Martha F., Jude Frost, Sue Hanson, Elizabeth Shepherd, and John Collins. "Pop Up: A new model of paediatric palliative care." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 52, no. 11 (September 9, 2016): 979–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpc.13276.
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Puspitasari, Rachma Eka, Fenny Roshayanti, and Sunan Baedowi. "Keefektifan Model Pembelajaran Thing Pair Share Berbantu Media Pop Up Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa." Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan 2, no. 3 (December 19, 2018): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jppp.v2i3.16291.
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Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan jenispenelitian kuantitatif dalam berbentuk QuasiEksperimental dengan desain Quasi Eksperimental Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Populasi dan sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV A dan IVB SD Negeri Karangasem 09 Batang. yang sama-sama berjumlah 30 siswa. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh melalui dokumentasi dan tes soal pilihan ganda. Yang dipilih sebagai kelas eksperimen (yang dikenai model pembelajaran TPS berbantu media Pop Up) adalah kelas IV A dan yang dipilih sebagai kelas kontrol (yang tidak dikenai model pembelajaran TPS berbantu media Pop Up) adalah kelas IV B. Hasil posttest pada kelas eksperimen ketuntasan klasikal kelas sebesar 96,67% (29 siswa) dan hanya 3,33% (1 siswa) yang tidak tuntas. Sedangkan pada kelas kontrol ketuntasan belajar klasikal hanya 60% (18 Siswa) dan yang tidak tuntas mencapai 40% (12 siswa). Pada penelitian ini baik kelas kontrol maupun kelas eksperimen juga dihitung menggunakan rumus n-gain yang berguna untuk mengetahui kenaikan nilai dari pretest ke nilai posttest. Pada kelas kontrol hanya memperoleh n-gain sebesar 0,50 yang artinya nilai pretest dan posttest kelas kontrol kenaikannya sedang. Sedangkan pada kelas eksperimen memperoleh n-gain sebesar 0,61 yang artinya nilai pretest dan posttest kelas eksperimen kenaikannya sedang namun mendekati tinggi, karena jika n-gainnya sebesar 0,71 maka sudah termasuk kriteria tinggi. Perhitungan uji t pada penelitian ini mendapatkan thitung (3,609) > t¬tabel (1,70) maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Artinya Ada perbedaan hasil belajar yang menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) berbantu media Pop Up dengan hasil belajar yang tidak menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) berbantu media Pop Up. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka peneliti memiliki beberapa saran diantaranya adalah model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) berbantu media Pop Up berbantu media serbaneka dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif pembelajaran tematik di sekolah dasar, khususnya untuk tema pembelajaran yang sama dengan penelitian ini.
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Kwon, Minyoung, Erwin Mlecnik, and Vincent Gruis. "Business Model Development for Temporary Home Renovation Consultancy Centres: Experiences from European Pop-Ups." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 28, 2021): 8450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158450.
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Local authorities (LAs) play an essential role in diffusing home energy renovation measures. However, there are rare business models developed for local authority actions. This paper aims to develop a critical review of the way that local authorities developed business models for pop-up centres where consultants can encourage home energy renovation measures. From 2017 to 2021, participatory research was conducted in collaboration with seven LAs from the UK, France, Belgium, and the Netherlands. Although local authorities could use business model approaches for the development of pop-up home renovation consultancy centres, we noticed that LAs could not apply specific strategies to fit various customer segment groups. Therefore, a traditional business model needs to be investigated further for local authority activities.
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Kochasic, Michael C., William A. Gallus, and Christopher J. Schaffer. "Further Evaluation of Probabilistic Convective Precipitation Forecasts Using the QPF–PoP Neighborhood Relationship." Weather and Forecasting 32, no. 4 (July 3, 2017): 1423–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-16-0227.1.
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Abstract A neighborhood postprocessing approach that relates quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPF) to probability of precipitation (PoP) forecasts applied to a single model run was found by Schaffer et al. to be as good as traditional ensemble-based approaches using 10 members in 30-h forecasts of convective precipitation. The present study evaluates if PoP forecasts derived from additional variations of the approach can improve PoP forecasts further compared with previous methods. Ensemble forecasts from the Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms (CAPS) are used for neighborhood tests comparing a single model run and a traditional ensemble. In the first test, PoP forecasts for different combinations of training and testing datasets using a single model member with 4-km grid spacing are compared against those obtained with a 10-member traditional ensemble. Overall, forecasts for the neighborhood approach with just one member are only slightly less accurate to those using a more traditional neighborhood approach with the ensemble. PoP forecasts improve when using older data for training and newer data for testing. Assessments of the sensitivity of the neighborhood PoPs suggest that thinning of the horizontal grid at fine grid spacing is an effective way of maintaining the accuracy of PoP forecasts while reducing computational expenses. In an additional test, the diurnal variation of the forecast is examined on a day-by-day basis, showing good agreement between the two approaches for all but a few cases during 2008.
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Chatterjee, Atrideb, Pratika Dayal, Tirthankar Roy Choudhury, and Raffaella Schneider. "A hint on the metal-free star formation rate density from 21-cm-EDGES data." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 496, no. 2 (June 8, 2020): 1445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1609.
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ABSTRACT We aim to provide here the first data-constrained estimate of the metal-free (Population III; Pop III) star formation rate density $\dot{\rho }_{*}^{III}$ required at high redshifts ($z \lower.5ex\hbox{$\,\, \buildrel\gt \over \sim \,\,$}16$) in order to reproduce both the amplitude and the redshift of the EDGES 21-cm global signal. Our model accounts for the Ly α, radio, and X-ray backgrounds from both Pop III and metal-enriched Population II (Pop II) stars. For the latter, we use the star formation rate density estimates (and the Ly α background) from the Delphi semi-analytic model that has been shown to reproduce all key observables for galaxies at $z \lower.5ex\hbox{$\,\, \buildrel\gt \over \sim \,\,$}5$; the radio and X-ray backgrounds are fixed using low-z values. The constraints on the free parameters characterizing the properties of the Pop III stars are obtained using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis. Our results yield a $\dot{\rho }_{*}^{III}$ that while increasing from z ∼ 21 to 16 thereafter shows a sharp decline which is in excellent agreement with the results found by Valiante et al. to simulate the growth of z ∼ 6–7 quasars and their host galaxies, suggesting that the bulk of Pop III star formation occurs in the rarest and most massive metal-poor haloes at z ≲ 20. This allows Pop III stars to produce a rapidly growing Ly α background between z ∼ 21 and 15. Further, Pop III stars are required to provide a radio background that is about 3–4 orders of magnitude higher than that provided by Pop II stars although Pop II stars dominate the X-ray background.
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Kinugawa, Tomoya, Takashi Nakamura, and Hiroyuki Nakano. "Chirp mass and spin of binary black holes from first star remnants." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 498, no. 3 (September 23, 2020): 3946–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2511.
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ABSTRACT We performed Population III (Pop III) binary evolution using population synthesis simulations for seven different models. We found that Pop III binaries tend to be binary black holes (BBHs) with chirp mass Mchirp ∼ 30 M⊙ and they can merge in the present day, due to a long merger time. The merger rate densities of Pop III BBHs at z = 0 are in the range 3.34–21.2 $\rm yr^{-1}\,Gpc^{-3}$ which is consistent with the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (aLIGO)/Advanced Virgo (aVIRGO) result of 9.7–101 $\rm yr^{-1}\,Gpc^{-3}$. These Pop III binaries might contribute some portion of the massive BBH gravitational wave (GW) sources detected by aLIGO/aVIRGO. We also calculated the redshift dependence of Pop III BBH mergers. We found that Pop III low-spin BBHs tend to merge at low redshift, while Pop III high-spin BBHs merge at high redshift, which can be confirmed by future GW detectors such as Einstein Telescope (ET), Cosmic Explorer (CE), and DECi-hertz Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory (DECIGO). These detectors can also check the redshift dependence of the BBH merger rate and spin distribution. Our results show that, except for one model, the mean effective spin 〈χeff〉 at z = 0 lies in the range 0.02–0.3, while at z = 10 it is 0.16–0.64. Therefore, massive stellar-mass BBH detection by GWs will be key for stellar evolution study in the early Universe.
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Sari, Sri Adelila. "The Development of Pop-up Book on the Role of Buffer in the Living Body." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 10, no. 2 (May 19, 2017): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v10i2.p213-221.
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The aims of this research were to: (i) develop a pop-up book on the role of buffer in the living body for senior high school, and (ii) describe the response of learners and teachers to the developed pop-up book. The method of research was a Research and Development (R - D) with a model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation). Phase of analysis was done by interviewed the teacher and distributed questionnaires to the needs analysis to 26 learners of senior high school, named SMAN 3 Banda Aceh. The design phase included the activities of the material formulation, the determination of media design (theme, colors and images) and manufactured of blueprints pop-up book that would be validated. The development phase was done by manufactured of pop-up book as designed and carried out feedback from the expert validators. At the implementation stage, the learning process was conducted using the developed pop-up book to study the response of learners and teachers on the book. In the evaluation phase, the successfulness of development of a pop-up book using ADDIE models was determined. Based on the results of the feasibility assessment of pop-up book, the responses of learners and teachers noted that pop-up book has been successfully developed with the average percentage of 94.047 percent and the feasibility of obtaining the category of very decent. The percentage of response’ learners reached 92 percent and the percentage of chemistry teacher's response was found to be 80 percent. Obtaining this percentage was in excellent condition, so that it could be said that the students and the teacher to respond strongly agreed that the developed pop-up book could be accepted as an alternative medium of learning the material role of buffer solution in the living body.
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Liu, Boyuan, and Volker Bromm. "When did Population III star formation end?" Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 497, no. 3 (July 24, 2020): 2839–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2143.
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ABSTRACT We construct a theoretical framework to study Population III (Pop III) star formation in the post-reionization epoch (z ≲ 6) by combining cosmological simulation data with semi-analytical models. We find that due to radiative feedback (i.e. Lyman–Werner and ionizing radiation) massive haloes ($M_{\rm halo}\gtrsim 10^{9}\ \rm M_{\odot }$) are the major (≳90 per cent) hosts for potential Pop III star formation at z ≲ 6, where dense pockets of metal-poor gas may survive to form Pop III stars, under inefficient mixing of metals released by supernovae. Metal mixing is the key process that determines not only when Pop III star formation ends, but also the total mass, MPopIII, of active Pop III stars per host halo, which is a crucial parameter for direct detection and identification of Pop III hosts. Both aspects are still uncertain due to our limited knowledge of metal mixing during structure formation. Current predictions range from early termination at the end of reionization (z ∼ 5) to continuous Pop III star formation extended to z = 0 at a non-negligible rate $\sim \!10^{-7}\ \rm M_{\odot }\ yr^{-1}\ Mpc^{-3}$, with $M_{\rm PopIII}\sim 10^{3}-10^{6}\ \rm M_{\odot }$. This leads to a broad range of redshift limits for direct detection of Pop III hosts, zPopIII ∼ 0.5–12.5, with detection rates $\lesssim 0.1-20\ \rm arcmin^{-2}$, for current and future space telescopes (e.g. HST, WFIRST, and JWST). Our model also predicts that the majority (≳90 per cent) of the cosmic volume is occupied by metal-free gas. Measuring the volume-filling fractions of this metal-free phase can constrain metal-mixing parameters and Pop III star formation.
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Ika Lestari, Rachmadini Nur Fadillah,. "BUKU POP-UP UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN BERCERITA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR." Perspektif Ilmu Pendidikan 30, no. 1 (April 16, 2016): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/pip.301.3.
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BUKU POP-UP UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN BERCERITA SISWA SEKOLAH DASARRachmadini Nur Fadillah & Ika Lestarie-mail: fadillahrachmadini@gmail.comPendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, Universitas Negeri JakartaJalan Setiabudi Jakarta SelatanAbstrak: Penelitian dan pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa buku pop-up untuk pembelajaran bercerita siswa kelas III sekolah dasar dengan judul “Bu, Perutku Sakit!”. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan atau Research and Development (R & D) dengan mengacu pada model pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate). Penelitian ini melibatkan 38 siswa kelas tiga SDN Jati 03 Pagi, Pulogadung, Jakarta Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan lembar penilaian berupa angket, wawancara, dan observasi yangdilakukan terhadap responden dengan tahapan evaluasi formatif berupa evaluasi satu-satu oleh ahli, evaluasi satu-satu oleh siswa, evaluasi kelompok kecil, dan uji coba lapangan. Hasil penilaian buku pop-up pada evaluasi satu-satu oleh ahli memperoleh rata-rata keseluruhan sebesar 93,26%. Pada tahapan uji coba lapangan memperoleh rata-rata keseluruhan sebesar 99,46%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan buku Pop-up untuk pembelajaran bercerita memperoleh kriteria sangat baik.Kata-kata Kunci: buku bergambar, buku pop-up, Bahasa Indonesia, pembelajaran bercerita.
POP-UP BOOK FOR STORYTELLING LESSON IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLAbstract: The purpose of this research and development is to produce a pop-up book for storytelling in Grade III, Elementary School. The pop-up book, entitled “Bu, Perutku Sakit!”.is as the result of research and development method based on ADDIE development model. This research involved 38 students of Grade III, Jati 3 Primary School, Pulogadung, East Jakarta. For formative evaluation this research used assesment forms such as questionnaire,interview guides, and observation sheets. The formative evaluation covered one-to-one evaluation by expert, one-to-one evaluation by learners, small group evaluation by learners and field test. The result of one-to-one evaluation by expert indicated the overall average of 93,26%. The result of field test indicated the overall average of 99,46%. The result concluded that the development of Pop-up Book for Storytelling shows a very good result.Keywords : Picture book, pop-up book, Bahasa Indonesia, storytelling.
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Cicchetti, Alessandro, Federica Palorini, Tiziana Rancati, Claudio Fiorino, Cesare Cozzarini, Barbara Avuzzi, Vittorio Vavassori, et al. "Metamodeling of late rectal bleeding in patients undergoing radiotherapy for prostate cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2018): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.6_suppl.61.
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61 Background: Predictive models for late rectal bleeding (LRB) after radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer were established by several studies, with good performance on development population (POP). Nonetheless, they were found to be unsatisfactory in their generalization to independent validation cohorts. Aim of the study is to build a metamodel for grade 2-3 (G23) and grade 3 (G3) LRB (LENT/SOMA) starting from literature evidence and to validate it on a new POP. Methods: The metamodel was constituted by clinical/dosimetric features and by their coefficients. Available predictive models for LRB were selected by literature search. Models including rectal Equivalent Uniform Dose (EUD) with/without patient-related dose-modifying factors were retrieved. The process allowed identification of “evidence-based” clinical/dosimetric features associated to LRB. Coeff. for identified features were resolved by weighted mean of published values, using their standard deviation as weight and then inserted in a sigmoid-shaped logit-EUD model. The resulting metamodel was validated on a pooled POP of radically treated pts (3DCRT & IMRT). Performance was assessed through calibration. Results: The search identified rectal EUD, previous abdominal surgery (SURG), hormone therapy (HT) and use of cardiovascular drugs (CARDIO) as relevant features (coeff. presented in table). Validation POP included 1591 pts with 240 (15%) LRBG23 and 98 (6.2%) LRBG3 pts. Calibration was very good: LRBG23 slope = 1.4 with R2 = 0.86; LRBG3 slope = 1.1 with R2 = 0.96. Conclusions: A metamodel for prediction of LRB has been developed from literature, including all currently available information on association between LRB and clinical/dosimetric factors. The model was successfully validated on a large POP, proving to be a valuable tool for predicting LRB before RT. [Table: see text]
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Li, Dongbo, Jianpei Wang, Bing Yang, Yongle Hu, and Ping Yang. "Thermal performance and fatigue life prediction of POP stacked chip assembly under thermal cycling load." Microelectronics International 37, no. 4 (September 4, 2020): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mi-09-2019-0058.
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Purpose This paper aims to perform experimental test on fatigue characteristics of package on package (POP) stacked chip assembly under thermal cycling load. Some suggestions for design to prolong fatigue life of POP stacked chip assembly are provided. Design/methodology/approach The POP stacked chip assembly which contains different package structure mode and chip position was manufactured. The fatigue characteristics of POP stacked chip assembly under thermal cycling load were tested. The fatigue load spectrum of POP stacked chip assembly under thermal cycling load was given. The fatigue life of chips can be estimated by using the creep–fatigue life prediction model based on different stress conditions. Findings The solder joint stress of top package is significantly less than that of bottom solder joints, and the maximum value occurs in the middle part of the solder joints inner ring. Originality/value This paper fulfils useful information about the thermal reliability of POP stacked chip assembly with different structure characteristics and materials parameters.
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Niu, Ke, Xu Chen, and Yongxian Lu. "COL3A1 rs1800255 polymorphism is associated with pelvic organ prolapse susceptibility in Caucasian individuals: Evidence from a meta-analysis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 30, 2021): e0250943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250943.
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Background The collagen 3 alpha 1 (COL3A1) rs1800255 polymorphism has been reported to be associated with women pelvic organ prolapse (POP) susceptibility, but the results of these previous studies have been contradictory. The objective of current study is to explore whether COL3A1 rs1800255 polymorphism confers risk to POP. Methods Relevant literatures were searched by searching databases including Pubmed, Embase, Google academic, the Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Search time is from database foundation to March 2021. Results A total of seven literatures were enrolled in the present meta-analysis, including 1642 participants. Overall, no significant association was found by any genetic models. In subgroup analysis based on ethnicity, significant associations were demonstrated in Caucasians by allele contrast (A vs. G: OR = 1.34, 95%CI = 1.03–1.74,), homozygote comparison (AA vs. GG: OR = 3.25, 95%CI = 1.39–7.59), and recessive genetic model (AA vs. GG/GA: OR = 3.22, 95%CI = 1.40–7.42). Conclusions The present meta-analysis suggests that the COL3A1 is a candidate gene for POP susceptibility. Caucasian individuals with A allele and AA genotype have a higher risk of POP. The COL3A1 rs1800255 polymorphism may be risk factor for POP in Caucasian population.
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Wulansari, Dwi Windah. "K-POP NON-KOREA BUKAN APROPRIASI BUDAYA : ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS MODEL TEUN VAN DIJK." sarasvati 2, no. 1 (June 26, 2020): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/sv.v2i1.847.
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This research supports the structure of critical discourse when viewed from the perspective of Teun Van Dijk. The data source used was a video uploaded by the Indonesian representative entitled K-POP Non Korea EXP Edition. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The results of the analysis show that non-Koreans can be part of K-pop. Various pros and cons experienced by this EXP EDITION boy band, did not ignite their enthusiasm for a career in South Korea. The phenomenon in this EXP EDITION. Positive and negative opinion. Most of the supporters of this boy band because they see their efforts are not instantaneous as previously reported. Some consider that they are giving up Korean culture or what is cooler is called cultural appropriation. Associated with the practice of power and discourse accents. The practice of power in this non-Korean K-pop phenomenon. Reporting from the Columbia University official website, Bora Kim formed the EXP EDITION group and mapped it out with the aim of "discussing what Kpop and Kpop fandom are".
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Stoneman, Hayley R., Russell L. Wrobel, Michael Place, Michael Graham, David J. Krause, Matteo De Chiara, Gianni Liti, et al. "CRISpy-Pop: A Web Tool for Designing CRISPR/Cas9-Driven Genetic Modifications in Diverse Populations." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10, no. 11 (September 22, 2020): 4287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.120.401498.
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CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful tool for editing genomes, but design decisions are generally made with respect to a single reference genome. With population genomic data becoming available for an increasing number of model organisms, researchers are interested in manipulating multiple strains and lines. CRISpy-pop is a web application that generates and filters guide RNA sequences for CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing for diverse yeast and bacterial strains. The current implementation designs and predicts the activity of guide RNAs against more than 1000 Saccharomyces cerevisiae genomes, including 167 strains frequently used in bioenergy research. Zymomonas mobilis, an increasingly popular bacterial bioenergy research model, is also supported. CRISpy-pop is available as a web application (https://CRISpy-pop.glbrc.org/) with an intuitive graphical user interface. CRISpy-pop also cross-references the human genome to allow users to avoid the selection of guide RNAs with potential biosafety concerns. Additionally, CRISpy-pop predicts the strain coverage of each guide RNA within the supported strain sets, which aids in functional population genetic studies. Finally, we validate how CRISpy-pop can accurately predict the activity of guide RNAs across strains using population genomic data.
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Eri Karisma, I. Komang, I. Gede Margunayasa, and Pinkan Amita Tri Prasasti. "Pengembangan Media Pop-Up Book pada Topik Perkembangbiakan Tumbuhan dan Hewan Kelas VI Sekolah Dasar." Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar 4, no. 2 (June 2, 2020): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v4i2.24458.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pop-up book pada topik perkembangbiakan tumbuhan dan hewan kelas VI sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE (Analyse, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) dengan tahapan-tahapan yaitu: (1) analisis, (2) desain, (3) pengembangan, (4) implementasi, dan (5) evaluasi. Namun, karena keterbatasan waktu, tenaga, dan sumber daya, maka penelitian ini hanya dilaksanakan sampai tahap pengembangan. Tahap implementasi dan evaluasi tidak dilaksanakan dalam penelitian ini. Subjek penelitian ini adalah media pop-up book pada topik perkembangbiakan tumbuhan dan hewan. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode kuesioner dengan memberikan lembar penilaian kepada 2 orang guru dan 2 orang dosen sebagai ahli. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat validitas media pop-up book adalah rating scale berupa lembar penilaian media pop-up book oleh ahli. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus mean untuk mengetahui rata-rata skor validitas media pop-up book. Nilai rata-rata validitas media pop-up book yang diperoleh adalah 4.85 dengan kualifikasi sangat baik. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut maka media pop-up book yang dikembangkan pada topik perkembangbiakan tumbuhan dan hewan dinyatakan valid dan dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran di kelas VI sekolah dasar.
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Gordon, Mark T., John O. L. DeLancey, Aaron Renfroe, Andrew Battles, and Luyun Chen. "Development of anatomically based customizable three-dimensional finite-element model of pelvic floor support system: POP-SIM1.0." Interface Focus 9, no. 4 (June 14, 2019): 20190022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2019.0022.
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To develop an anatomically based customizable finite-element (FE) model of the pelvic floor support system to simulate pelvic organ prolapse (POP): POP-SIM1.0. This new simulation platform allows for the construction of an array of models that objectively represent the key anatomical and functional variation in women with and without prolapse to test pathomechanism hypotheses of the prolapse formation. POP-SIM1.0 consists of anatomically based FE models and a suite of Python-based tools developed to rapidly construct FE models by customizing the base model with desired structural parameters. Each model consists of anatomical structures from three support subsystems which can be customized based on magnetic resonance image measurements in women with and without prolapse. The customizable structural parameters include presence of levator ani (LA) avulsion, hiatus size, anterior vaginal wall dimension, attachment fascia length and apical location in addition to the tissue material properties and intra-abdominal pressure loading. After customization, the FE model was loaded with increasing intra-abdominal pressure (0–100 cmH 2 O) and solved using ABAQUS explicit solver. We were able to rapidly construct anatomically based FE models with specific structural geometry which reflects the morphology changes often observed in women with prolapse. At maximum loading, simulated structural deformations have similar anatomical characteristics to those observed during clinical exams and stress magnetic resonance images. Simulation results showed the presence of LA muscle avulsion negatively impacts the pelvic floor support. The normal model with intact muscle had the smallest exposed vaginal length of 11 mm, while the bilateral avulsion produced the largest exposed vaginal length at 24 mm. The unilateral avulsion model had an exposed vaginal length of 18 mm and also demonstrated a tipped perineal body similar to that seen in clinical observation. Increasing the hiatus size, vaginal wall length and fascia length also resulted in worse pelvic floor support, increasing the exposed vaginal length from 18 mm in the base model to 33 mm, 54 mm and 23.5 mm, respectively. The developed POP-SIM1.0 can simulate the anatomical structure changes often observed in women with prolapse. Preliminary results showed that the presence of LA avulsion, enlarged hiatus, longer vaginal wall and fascia length can result in larger prolapse at simulated maximum Valsalva.
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Meisler, Galit, Amos Drory, and Eran Vigoda-Gadot. "Perceived organizational politics and counterproductive work behavior." Personnel Review 49, no. 8 (December 18, 2019): 1505–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-12-2017-0392.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine hostility as a mediator of the relationship between perceptions of organizational politics (POP) and counterproductive work behavior (CWB). Design/methodology/approach The authors’ examined the mediation model using a sample of 171 full-time employees studying in an evening MBA program. The authors’ collected the data for this study in three waves. Findings The findings supported all of the hypotheses. POP was positively related to both hostility and CWB. Moreover, hostility mediated the relationships between POP and both organizational and interpersonal CWB. Practical implications Given that individuals high in emotional intelligence (EI) are better at regulating their negative emotions, EI training may be a powerful tool for reducing the hostility elicited among organizational members in response to POP, and consequently, their engagement in CWB. Originality/value The current study uncovered the emotional mechanism that underlies the POP-CWB relationship. The findings have intriguing implications in terms of potential moderators that can be developed through interventions in an attempt to reduce the hostility and CWB that result from POP.
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Lyulko, A. O. "Evaluation of indicators of ultrasound studies of women with prolapse of genital organs and urinary incontinence after treatment." HEALTH OF WOMAN, no. 9(125) (November 30, 2017): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2017.125.88.
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The objective: definition of the norm of ultrasound indicators and their dynamics in the postoperative period in patients after correction of prolapse of pelvic organs (POP) and stress incontinence (SUI). Materials and methods. 85 patients with POP and SUI were observed. These women were divided into groups according to the stage of POP and SUI: group 2 – 32 patients with I and II stages of POP and SUI 2a, 2b types of light and moderate severity; group 3 (main) – 53 patients with III and IV stages of POP and SUI type 3 moderate and severe severity. This group of patients subsequently undergone operative treatment according to the patent for utility model No. 109201. The main group (3rd group) included: 3.1 group – 28 women with III and IV stages of POP and SUI type 3 moderate and severe severity without delay in urination; 3.2 group – 25 women with III and IV stages of POP and SUI type 3 moderate and severe severity with delay of urination (chronic or acute). 15 women were examined without complaints, who entered the control group (1st group). Results. The study of ultrasound indicators in the dynamics after treatment in women with POP and SUI made it possible: to determine the recovery period for the anatomical position of the pelvic organs, assess the effectiveness of the treatment and rehabilitation of women. Conclusion. According to the data obtained, with an increase in the posterior urethro-vesic angle greater than 114° with POP and SUI, conservative treatment of this pathology is inexpedient. After the operative treatment of women with POP and SUI, the ultrasoud indicators recovered after 24 months. Key words: pelvic organ prolapse, urinary incontinence, ultrasound
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Penman, J., and F. White. "Peer-Mentoring Program ‘Pop-Up’ Model for Regional Nursing Students." Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice 3, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.53761/1.3.2.6.
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In late 2003, the regional campus of the University of South Australia initiated a peer-mentoring program aimed at assisting the smooth transition of new students to university life. In particular, the Nursing and Rural Health unit envisaged a program that would be effective and rewarding for both student mentees and mentors. This paper presents an analysis of the peer-mentoring program initiated. It begins by discussing the concept of mentoring and the advantages and disadvantages of peermentoring programs in educational institutions. It then introduces the program, describes how it was conceptualised, implemented and strengthened and how the program developed into a unique ‘pop-up’ model of mentoring that fitted the needs of mentees and mentors. The paper evaluates the experiences of mentees and mentors and concludes with some suggestions for improving the program, which others may learn from. Key words: nursing education, first year academic experience, nursing students’ transition to university, peer-mentoring, mentee-mentor relationship.
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Aeni, Nur. "PENDIDIKAN NILAI NASIONALISME DENGAN MEDIA POP UP BOOK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR." Jurnal Review Pendidikan Dasar : Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan dan Hasil Penelitian 4, no. 3 (September 11, 2018): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jrpd.v4n3.p752-762.
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ABSTRACTThe aim of these research was to increas critical thinking 5th grade students through national value education process elementary school at Cimanggu subdistrict - Cilacap District, on Proclamation affair subject in second semester by using knowledge enrichment book as a development media on national value education in Pop Up Style. These was a development research by using Borg and Gall model that simpled by Puslitjaknov to be five basic steps i.e analizing develop of product, develop preliminary form of product, validation and revision, preliminary field testing, and main field testing with final product that purposed to exsperiment class comparison of control class. Validation yield to the validity and pertinence of pop up book media as knowledge enrichment book by using coefficient of Aiken’s content was very valid and very pertinence to used and help students in clarivy national value at capabless to capable chategory. To increase critical thinking students with Pop up book media at the experiment class with 82,86% students success but at the control class only 30%. A t-test analyzed that there was acceptable hypothesis at the difference capablity of critical thinking students by using pop up book media and without pop up book. Keywords: critical thinking, pop up book, value education. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa melalui proses pembelajaran pendidikan nilai nasionalisme siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Cimanggu Kabupaten Cilacap pada semester II materi Peristiwa Sekitar Proklamasi dengan media yang dikembangkan berupa buku pengayaan pengetahuan pendidikan nilai nasionalisme berbentuk Pop Up. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model pengembangan Borg and Gall yang secara prosedural telah disederhanakan lagi oleh Tim Puslitjaknov dalam lima tahapan utama yaitu analisis produk yang akan dikembangkan, pengembangan produk awal, validasi dan revisi, uji coba lapangan skala kecil dan revisi, serta uji coba lapangan skala besar dan produk akhir yang pada penelitian ini dikenakan pada kelas ekspeimen dengan pembanding kelas kontrol. Hasil validasi terhadap kevalidan dan kebergunaan media Pop Up Book sebagai buku pengayaan pengetahuan dengan menggunakan koefisien validitas isi Aiken’s termasuk kategori sangat valid dan sangat berguna. Sedangkan penggunaan media Pop Up Book dalam membantu siswa mengklarifikasi nilai-nilai nasionalisme siswa dari masih kurang mampu menjadi mampu. Peningkatan berpikir kritis menggunakan media Pop Up Book pada kelas eksperimen 82,86% sedangkan kelas kontrol 30% dengan uji-t dan kesimpulan hipotesis diterima sehingga disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan berpikir kritis siswa dengan penggunaan media Pop Up Book. Kata Kunci: Berpikir Kritis, Pendidikan Nilai, Pop Up Book.
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Durovich, Christopher J., and Peter W. Roberts. "Designing a Community-Based Population Health Model." Population Health Management 21, no. 1 (February 2018): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/pop.2017.0015.
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Tanaka, Toshiyuki, and Kenji Hasegawa. "Modelling population III stars for seminumerical simulations." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 502, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 463–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab072.
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ABSTRACT Theoretically modelling the 21-cm signals caused by Population III stars (Pop III stars) is the key to extracting fruitful information on Pop III stars from current and forthcoming 21-cm observations. In this work, we develop a new module of Pop III stars in which the escape fractions of ionizing photons and Lyman–Werner (LW) photons, photoheating by UV radiation, and LW feedback are consistently incorporated. By implementing the module into a public 21-cm seminumerical simulation code, 21cmfast, we demonstrate 21-cm signal calculations, neglecting X-ray heating and focusing on the high redshifts when we assume that the formation of Pop III stars dominates that of other populations. What we find is that the contribution from Pop III stars to cosmic reionization significantly depends on the treatment of the escape fraction. With our escape fraction model, Pop III stars hardly contribute to reionization because less massive haloes, whose escape fraction are high, cannot host Pop III stars due to LW feedback. On the other hand, massive minihaloes contribute to reionization with the conventional constant escape fraction. We also find that UV photoheating has non-negligible impact on the 21-cm global signal and the 21-cm power spectrum if the ionization fraction of the Universe is higher than roughly 1 per cent. In this case, the strength of the 21-cm global signal depends on the photoheating efficiency and thus on the Pop III star mass. We conclude that detailed modelling of Pop III stars is imperative to predict 21-cm observables accurately for future observations.
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Kirihara, Takanobu, Kenji Hasegawa, Masayuki Umemura, Masao Mori, and Tomoaki Ishiyama. "Discrimination of heavy elements originating from Pop III stars in z = 3 intergalactic medium." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 491, no. 3 (December 3, 2019): 4387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3376.
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ABSTRACT We investigate the distribution of metals in the cosmological volume at $z$ ∼ 3, in particular, provided by massive Population III (Pop III) stars using a cosmological N-body simulation in which a model of Pop III star formation is implemented. Owing to the simulation, we can choose minihaloes where Pop III star formation occurs at $z$ > 10 and obtain the spatial distribution of the metals at lower redshifts. To evaluate the amount of heavy elements provided by Pop III stars, we consider metal yield of pair-instability or core-collapse supernovae (SNe) explosions of massive stars. By comparing our results to the Illustris-1 simulation, we find that heavy elements provided by Pop III stars often dominate those from galaxies in low-density regions. The median value of the volume averaged metallicity is $Z\sim 10^{-4.5 - -2} \, \mathrm{Z}_{\odot }$ at the regions. Spectroscopic observations with the next generation telescopes are expected to detect the metals imprinted on quasar spectra.