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Academic literature on the topic 'Pompe à carbone biologique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pompe à carbone biologique"
Merlet, N., M. Premost, Y. Merlet, and J. Coallier. "Enlèvement de la matière organique dans les filtres CAB." Revue des sciences de l'eau 5 (April 12, 2005): 143–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705157ar.
Full textWelté, B., and A. Montiel. "Elimination du CODB par une combinaison de traitements biologiques dont la filtration lente dans une filière de production d'eau potable." Revue des sciences de l'eau 5 (April 12, 2005): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705158ar.
Full textJassim Najid. "Entisol Propriétés Chimiques Sur Le Système Agriculture Biologique." International Journal of Science and Society 4, no. 1 (February 15, 2022): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/ijsoc.v4i1.425.
Full textServais, P., G. Billen, and P. Bouillot. "Activité biologique dans un filtre à charbon actif en grains." Revue des sciences de l'eau 4, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 483–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705112ar.
Full textDuru, Michel, Jean-Pierre Sarthou, and Olivier Therond. "L’agriculture régénératrice : summum de l’agroécologie ou greenwashing?" Cahiers Agricultures 31 (2022): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2022014.
Full textWanko, A., R. Mose, and A. Liénard. "Capacités de traitement d'un effluent de synthèse en infiltration percolation." Revue des sciences de l'eau 18, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705554ar.
Full textBonnet, M. C., B. Welte, A. Montiel, and M. Dore. "Elimination du carbone organique biodegradable par les procedes de traitement biologique sur les filieres de productions d'eau potable." Environmental Technology 12, no. 3 (March 1991): 217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593339109384999.
Full textMilano, J. C., A. Guibourg, and J. L. Vernet. "Evolution non biologique dans l'eau de composes organohalogenes a trois et quatre atomes de carbone: Hydrolyse et photolyse." Water Research 22, no. 12 (December 1988): 1553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(88)90168-6.
Full textOberlin, M., and T. Debreux. "Les intoxications occultes au monoxyde de carbone. Dépistage dans un service d’urgence parmi les patients nécessitant un prélèvement biologique." Journal Européen des Urgences et de Réanimation 25, no. 2 (June 2013): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurea.2013.03.002.
Full textNakache, F., A. Déguin, and A. Kerneis. "Évolution dans un réseau de distribution des micro-organismes et d'un nutriement, le CODB. Incidence du temps de transit." Revue des sciences de l'eau 9, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 499–521. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705264ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Pompe à carbone biologique"
Pasquer, Bénédicte. "Modélisation de la pompe biologique de carbone dans l'Océan Austral." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210937.
Full textDrago, Laetitia. "Analyse globale de la pompe à carbone biologique à partir de données en imagerie quantitative." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS562.
Full textThe biological carbon pump (BCP) plays a central role in the global ocean carbon cycle, transporting carbon from the surface to the deep ocean and sequestering it for long periods. This work aims to analyse two key players of the BCP: zooplankton and particles. To this end, we use in situ imaging data from the Underwater Vision Profiler (UVP5) to investigate two primary axes: 1) the global distribution of zooplankton biomass and 2) carbon export in the context of a North Atlantic spring bloom. Our objectives includes a quantification of global zooplankton biomass, enhancing our comprehension of the BCP via morphological analysis of particles, and assessing and comparing the gravitational flux of detrital particles during a the North Atlantic spring bloom using high-resolution UVP5 data. With the help of UVP5 imagery and machine learning through habitat models using boosted regression trees, we investigate the global distribution of zooplankton biomass and its ecological implications. The results show maximum zooplankton biomass values around 60°N and 55°S and minimum values within the oceanic gyres, with a global biomass dominated by crustaceans and rhizarians. By employing machine learning techniques on globally homogeneous data, this study provides taxonomical insights into the distribution of 19 large zooplankton groups (1-50 mm equivalent spherical diameter). This first protocol estimates global, spatially resolved zooplankton biomass and community composition from in situ imaging observations of individual organisms. In addition, within the unique context of the EXPORTS 2021 campaign, we analyse UVP5 data obtained by deploying three instruments in a highly retentive eddy. After clustering the 1,720,914 images using Morphocluster, a semi-autonomous classification software, we delve into the characteristics of the marine particles, studying their morphology through an oblique framework that follows a plume of detrital particles between the surface and 800 m depth. The results of the plume following approach show that, contrary to expectations, aggregates become unexpectedly larger, denser, more circular and more complex with depth. In contrast, the evolution of fecal pellets is more heterogeneous and shaped by zooplankton activity. Such results challenge previous expectations and may require a reassessment of our view of sinking aggregates and fecal pellets. We also studied concentration and carbon flux dynamics using a more traditional 1D framework where we explore the three key elements in flux estimation from in situ imaging data by comparing UVP5 and sediment trap flux estimates: size range covered, sinking rate and carbon content. According to the current literature, neutrally buoyant sediment traps (NBST) and surface-tethered traps (STT) usually cover a size range from 10 µm to approximately 2 mm. In our study, we have found that by expanding the UVP size range to 10 µm and limiting it to 2 mm, a more consistent comparison can be made between UVP5-generated flux and sediment trap fluxes (obtained by colleagues). However, it is worth noting that there remains a large flux contribution above this size threshold, necessitating further investigation of its implications through the use of complementary approaches such as the use of sediment traps with larger openings. This manuscript not only advances our knowledge, but also addresses critical challenges in estimating zooplankton biomass and particle dynamics during export events. The findings of this study open up new avenues for future research on the biological carbon pump and deepen our understanding of marine ecosystems
Benoiston, Anne-Sophie. "Méta-omique et méta-données environnementales : vers une nouvelle compréhension de la pompe à carbone biologique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2019SORUS182.pdf.
Full textThe biological carbon pump encompasses a series of processes including the primary production of organic matter in the surface ocean, its export to deeper waters and its remineralization. The common highlighted actors are diatoms because of their contribution to primary production and carbon export and copepods for their production of fecal pellets. However, the biological pump is the result of complex interactions among organisms rather than their independent actions. Besides, although size distribution and mineral composition of phytoplankton in surface was shown to significantly influence the strength of carbon export, it is unknown whether meta-omic data can efficiently predict the processes of the biological carbon pump. In this thesis, I first propose to revisit the study of the biological carbon pump in the oligotrophic ocean by defining biogeochemical states of the ocean based on the relative contribution of primary production, carbon export and flux attenuation in Tara Oceans sampling stations. The analysis of the states in terms of microbial composition and interactions inferred from metabarcoding data revealed that variation in associations rather than lineages presence seems to drive the states of the biological carbon pump. Then, by using meta-omics and environmental parameters from the Tara Oceans expeditions, I propose the first study trying to predict biogeochemical states from biological abundances derived from environmental DNA, with the goal of providing a list of biomarkers
Movellan, Aurore. "La biomasse des foraminifères planctoniques actuels et son impact sur la pompe biologique de carbone." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00950433.
Full textBucciarelli, Eva. "Rôle du fer dans le contrôle de la pompe biologique de CO2 de l'océan austral." Brest, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BRES2041.
Full textThis work concerns the role played by iron in controlling the CO2 biological pump in the Southern Ocean. Iron, indeed, is a micro-nutrient essential to life and numerous experiments have shown that its subnanomolar concentrations in the water column (co)-limited the primary production in various oceanic areas, e. G. In the Southern Ocean. The thesis is divided in two complementary parts, a geochemical part and a biogeochemical one. The geochemical part aims at a better understanding of the oceanic geochemical cycle of iron. It presents measurements of dissolved iron and manganese in the wake of the Kerguelen Islands (Bucciarelli et al. 2001) and of dissolved and total dissolvable iron in the open Southern Ocean (Crozet basin). The samplings were conducted as part of the Antares program (France JGOFS), during the Antares 3 cruise in the wake of the Kerguelen island, and during the Antares 4 cruise in the Crozet Basin. The data give insigths into the sources and sinks of iron in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. The biogeochemical part focuses on the effects of iron stress on natural phytoplanktonic community on one hand (Blain et al. 2001, Blain et al. 2002, Sedwick et al. 2002), and on laboratory monospecific cultures of three species of diatoms on the other hand. A decoupling between the cycles of silicon, carbon and nitrogen has been shown under iron stress conditions. The decoupling is quantified in a range of iron concentrations varying from iron-limiting to iron-sufficient conditions
Le, Gland Guillaume. "Contraindre les échanges côte-large et la pompe biologique de carbone par modélisation inverse de deux radio-isotopes (radium228 et thorium234)." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0032/document.
Full textThe oceanic cycles of carbon and the main nutrients are poorly known since they are affected by many physical, chemical or biological sources and sinks that are difficult to estimate by direct measurements.One way to better constrain these important processes is to use the information contained in more simple tracers called "proxies". As radium 228 (228Ra) flows from the continental shelves, it is used as a proxy of water and mineral elements fluxes from the coast to the open ocean. In particular, it is often used to estimate the SGD (Submarine Groundwater Discharge). For its part, thorium 234 (234Th), an insoluble radio-isotope, is used to constrain the dynamics of the solid particles onto which it is adsorbed. The carbon flux from the surface to the deep ocean, called "biological carbon pump" (BCP), is often estimated by a 234Th-based method.During this PhD, a numerical model with a resolution of 2°, based on the circulation of the NEMO-OPA model and the particle fields of the PISCES model, was built for each of the two radioisotopes.Several unknown model parameters were constrained by observations using an inverse technique.The inverse modeling of 228Ra was used to constrain 228Ra fluxes from 38 coastal regions.However, the SGD fluxes are poorly constrained by this method, because SGD can be confused with another source of 228Ra: diffusion from sediments.The inverse modeling of 234Th produced estimates of partition coefficients, representing the affinity of different particle types for this isotope. It was also used to estimate the errors associated with some common simplifications made in 234Th-based BCP studies
Lemaitre, Nolwenn. "Approche multi-proxy (Thorium-234, Baryum en excès) des flux d'export et de reminéralisation du carbone et des éléments nutritifs associés à la pompe biologique océanique." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0009/document.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis is to improve our understanding of the different controls that affect the oceanic biological carbon pump. Particulate export and remineralization fluxes were investigated using the thorium-234 (234Th) and biogenic barium (Baxs) proxies.In the North Atlantic, the highest particulate organic carbon (POC) export fluxes were associated to biogenic (biogenic silica or calcium carbonate) and lithogenic minerals, ballasting the particles.Export efficiency was generally low (< 10%) and inversely related to primary production, highlighting a phase lag between production and export. The highest transfer efficiencies, i.e. the fraction of POC that reached 400m, were driven by sinking particles ballasted by calcite or lithogenic minerals.The regional variation of mesopelagic remineralization was attributed to changes in bloom intensity, phytoplankton cell size, community structure and physical forcing (downwelling). Carbon remineralization balanced, or even exceeded, POC export, highlighting the impact of mesopelagic remineralization on the biological pump with a near-zero, deep carbon sequestration for spring 2014.Export of trace metals appeared strongly influenced by lithogenic material advected from the margins. However, at open ocean stations not influenced by lithogenic matter, trace metal export rather depended on phytoplankton activity and biomass.A last part of this work focused on export of biogenic silica, particulate nitrogen and iron near the Kerguelen Island. This area is characterized by a natural iron-fertilization that increases export fluxes. Inside the fertilized area, flux variability is related to phytoplankton community composition
Meilland, Julie. "Rôle des foraminifères planctoniques dans le cycle du carbone marin des hautes latitudes (Océan Indien Austral)." Thesis, Angers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANGE0059/document.
Full textPlanktonic foraminifera contribute to the marine biological carbon pump by generating organic (cytoplasm) and inorganic (shell) carbon fluxes. In this study, we characterized LPF total abundances, assemblages and test morphometry (minimum diameter) along 19 stations sampled by stratified plankton net (Multinet), during three consecutive austral summers (2012-2014) in the Southern Indian Ocean (30°S-60°S, 50°E-80°E). By demonstrating the efficiency of CPR for LPF sampling, we analysed population dynamic between 19 multinet sampling stations, showing the effect of frontal position on LPF production. To better constrain the impact of those organisms in the biological carbon pump at high latitudes, we have quantified the individual protein-biomass and test calcite mass of more than 2000 LPF. Differences in size-normalized protein-biomass and in size-normalized weight between years, species, and water bodies suggest that environmental parameters affect the production of planktonic foraminifera organic and inorganic carbon to varying degrees. Consequently, planktonic foraminifera are assumed to affect the biological carbon pump, depending on ecological conditions and biological prerequisites. The applicability of planktonic foraminifera tests as proxy of the past biological carbon pump in high latitudes would hence critically depend on the effect exerted by changing in ecological conditions, and the presence of different species. This study proposes a first estimation of planktonic foraminifera Corg and Cinorg standing stock and fluxes in the Southern Indian Ocean
Ramondenc, Simon. "Analyse des variations spatio-temporelles du zooplancton gélatineux et son effet sur les flux de matières à l'aide d'une approche combinant expérimentation et écologie numérique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066528/document.
Full textThe term “plankton” refers to all the organisms drifting in the water following the currents. Commonly, the vegetable autotrophic and mainly photosynthetic, “phytoplankton” is distinguished from the heterotrophic and animal “zooplankton”. In the last decades, many studies reported an increase in the abundances and spatial distributions of gelatinous zooplankton in many oceans. Even if the concept of “jellyfication of the oceans” needs to be used with caution, jellyfish populations show an increase in Mediterranean Sea over the last 40 years. The species Pelagia noctiluca (Forsskål, 1775) is considered as the most abundant jellyfish in the Mediterranean basin since the 70s. Due to its massive presence in this area, it is essential to evaluate precisely the impact of P. noctiluca on both biogeochemical cycles and pelagic ecosystem structure. Thus, the contribution of P. noctiluca to the two main factors regulating the biological carbon transfer in the oceans: carbon sequestration via the biological carbon pump and carbon transfer through trophic networks. This manuscript is divided in 3 main sections : (i) providing an initial budget of the particulate (POCtotal) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the Mediterranean sea, (ii) building an ecophysiological model of P. noctiluca to estimate its contribution to the biological carbon pump, and (iii) assessing the trophic level of P. noctiluca and its potential impact on lower trophic levels
Terrats, Louis. "Le flux de carbone particulaire et le lien avec la communauté phytoplanctonique : une approche par flotteurs-profileurs biogéochimiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2022SORUS550.pdf.
Full textThe ocean plays a key role in the climate by exchanging large quantities of carbon with the atmosphere. Atmospheric carbon is fixed at the ocean surface by phytoplankton that transforms it into biogenic carbon, part of which is transported to the deep ocean by physical and biological mechanisms; this is the Biological Carbon Pump (BCP). A tiny fraction of this biogenic carbon reaches sufficient depths to be sequestered for several centuries before it returns to the atmosphere, thus regulating concentrations of atmospheric CO2. Today, we know enough about the BCP to recognize its importance in climate, but our knowledge of its functioning is limited due to insufficient sampling of biogenic carbon fluxes. Here, we used BioGeoChimical-Argo floats, observational platforms designed to solve the undersampling problem, to explore a major mechanism of the BCP called the gravitational pump. The gravitational pump is the transport of biogenic carbon in the form of organic particles (POC) that sink from the surface into the deep ocean. Our study of the gravitational pump is divided into three axes. The first axis consisted of developing a method to detect blooms of coccolithophores, a major phytoplankton group that potentially has an important control on the transport of POC at depth. The second axis focused on the seasonal and regional variability of POC fluxes in the Southern Ocean, an undersampled area in which several floats have been deployed with an optical sediment trap (OST). Only ten floats were equipped with an OST, which is low compared to the whole BGC-Argo fleet (i.e. several hundred floats). Therefore, in the third axis, we developed a method to estimate the POC flux with the standard sensors of BGC-Argo floats. This method was then applied to hundreds of floats to describe the seasonal variability of the POC flux in many regions. In this study, we also highlighted the link between the POC flux and the nature of surface particles. For example, we calculated relationships between phytoplankton community composition and POC flux at 1000m. Using these relationships, we then used satellite observations to extrapolate POC flux to large spatial scales, such as the entire Southern Ocean and the global ocean
Books on the topic "Pompe à carbone biologique"
(Editor), Brian Walker, Will Steffen (Editor), Josep Canadell (Editor), and John Ingram (Editor), eds. The Terrestrial Biosphere and Global Change: Implications for Natural and Managed Ecosystems (International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme Book Series). Cambridge University Press, 1999.
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