Journal articles on the topic 'Polyrion'
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1
Schrank, H., and N. Herscovici. "The shaped-beam polyrod antenna." IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 36, no. 2 (April 1994): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/74.275554.
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Milligan, T. "Design of polyrod and corrugated-rod antennas." IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 42, no. 1 (2000): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/74.826350.
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PALIT, S. K., J. P. RAYNER, and R. CHATTERJEE. "Analysis and design of beam-shaped rectangular polyrod antennas." International Journal of Electronics 81, no. 5 (November 1996): 591–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/002072196136508.
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Ciomek, Krzysztof, and Miłosz Kadziński. "Polyrun: A Java library for sampling from the bounded convex polytopes." SoftwareX 13 (January 2021): 100659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2021.100659.
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Mohanty, Aruna Kumar, Jihwa Ye, Junyoung Ahn, Taeil Yun, Taeheon Lee, Kyung-su Kim, Heung Bae Jeon, Taihyun Chang, and Hyun-jong Paik. "Topologically Reversible Transformation of Tricyclic Polymer into Polyring Using Disulfide/Thiol Redox Chemistry." Macromolecules 51, no. 14 (July 11, 2018): 5313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00714.
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Sasnouski, Genadz, Vladimir Bezborodov, Roman Dabrowski, and Jerzy Dziaduszek. "Cyclopropanoles as the Versatile Intermediates in the Synthesis of Polyring Liquid Crystalline Compounds." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 365, no. 1 (July 1, 2001): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10587250108025282.
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AKAN, Volkan. "Design of polyrod antenna having isoflux radiation characteristic for satellite communication systems." International Advanced Researches and Engineering Journal 4, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35860/iarej.742702.
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Oliver, Dominic, Giulia Spada, Amir Englund, Edward Chesney, Joaquim Radua, Abraham Reichenberg, Rudolf Uher, Philip McGuire, and Paolo Fusar-Poli. "Real-world digital implementation of the Psychosis Polyrisk Score (PPS): A pilot feasibility study." Schizophrenia Research 226 (December 2020): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2020.04.015.
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Bhattacharyya, Supti, Kanwal Preet Kochhar, and Suman Jain. "Recording of motor and somatosensory evoked potential in an anaesthetised Wistar rat using digital polyrite system." Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 66 (August 10, 2022): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/ijpp_78_2022.
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Objectives: The aim of this article is to explain the detailed methodology to record Motor evoked potential (MEP) and somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) in adult albino Wistar rat, male (200–250 g) which has not been defined previously. Materials and Methods: We have standardised recording of both MEP and SSEP in these rats under anaesthesia on ADI digital polyrite system. Results: Evoked potentials have been widely studied in spinal cord injured patients to estimate the degree of injury and to establish a predictive measure of functional recovery. MEPs and SSEPs, arising from the motor cortex or peripheral nerve and generated either by direct electrical stimulation or by transcranial magnetic stimulation, have been advocated as a reliable indicator of descending and ascending pathway integrity. In the rat brain, there is a physical overlap between the motor and somatosensory cortex. Hence, our objective was to identify the exact area for stimulation in the cortex where we could record maximum response with the application of minimum electrical stimulation. Conclusion: The recording of MEP and SSEP together provides a powerful neurological technique to monitor the tracts of the spinal cord.
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Oliver, Dominic, Giulia Spada, Joaquim Radua, Philip McGuire, and Paolo Fusar-Poli. "M136. PSYCHOSIS POLYRISK SCORE (PPS): IMPROVING DETECTION OF INDIVIDUALS AT-RISK AND PREDICTION OF CLINICAL OUTCOMES." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.448.
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Abstract Background Primary prevention in Clinical High Risk for psychosis (CHR-P) can ameliorate the course of psychotic disorders. Further advancements of knowledge have been slowed by the standstill of the field, which is mostly attributed to its epidemiological weakness. This underlies the limited identification power for at-risk individuals and the relatively modest ability of CHR-P interviews to rule-in a state of risk for psychosis. One potential avenue for improving identification of individuals at risk for psychosis is a Psychosis Polyrisk Score (PPS) integrating genetic and non-genetic risk and protective factors for psychosis. The PPS hinges on recent findings that risk enrichment in CHR-P samples is accounted for by the accumulation of non-genetic factors e.g. parental and sociodemographic risk factors, perinatal risk factors, later risk factors, and antecedents. Methods A prototype of the PPS has been developed encompassing 26 non-genetic risk and protective factors, utilising Relative Risks (RR) from an umbrella review of risk and protective factors for psychosis onset in the general population. This was combined with prevalence data to ensure positive scores indicated increased psychosis risk and negative scores indicated decreased psychosis risk. To pilot this, patients referred for a CHR-P assessment (n=15) and healthy controls (n=66) were recruited and assessed with the PPS. Additionally, to investigate the range and distribution of these scores in the general population, 10,000,000 permutations were run utilising prevalence data to produce a simulated dataset. Results In the simulated general population data, scores ranged from -15 (least risk, equivalent RR = 0.03) to 39.5 (highest risk, RR = 8912.51). 50% of individuals had an RR < 1 (PPS < 0), 26.7% of individuals had an RR > 3 (PPS > 5), and 2.7% RR > 30 (PPS > 15). Patients referred for a CHR-P assessment had higher PPS scores (median=9, IQR=12.75) than healthy controls (median=-1.75, IQR=8.875). PPS scores in the simulated general population dataset (median=0, IQR=9.5) were similarly lower than patients. Discussion The PPS has potential for improving identification of individuals at risk for psychosis. Its distribution in a simulated general population is reflective of expected psychosis risk, with the vast majority of people not being at-risk and very few being at high risk. In addition to supplementing current assessments for CHR-P, this could be implemented at an earlier stage to stratify individuals based on psychosis risk and inform prognoses and clinical decision-making. This promise warrants further research to ascertain its prognostic accuracy and optimal thresholds for clinical intervention.
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Schiemann, U., J. W. Konturek, M. Osterhoff, R. Assert, S. J. Konturek, H. Schatz, W. Domschke, and A. Pfeiffer. "Decreased mRNA expression of EGF receptor ligands in Helicobacter polyri infected gastric mucosa." Gastroenterology 114 (April 1998): A279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(98)81135-9.
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Van den Broek, J., and C. Drossos. "2 year experience with the fractal leads polyrox PX 60-BP (ventricular) and PX 53-JBP (atrial)." Heart, Lung and Circulation 9, no. 3 (December 2000): A146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1443-9506.2000.08278.x.
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Rahman, Farhana, Qazi Shamima Akhter, Qazi Farzana Akhter, and Syeda Tasfia Siddika. "Assessment of cardiac autonomic nerve function status in female with iron deficiency anemia." Bangladesh Medical Journal 43, no. 3 (January 7, 2016): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v43i3.26293.
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Iron deficiency anemia is considered as one of the major public health problem in Bangladesh. Cardiac autonomic nerve dysfunction may present in iron deficiency anemia which increases the risk and further complications of this disease. Assessment of heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive technique to evaluate cardiac autonomic nerve function status. To assess the cardiac autonomic nerve function status by heart rate variability analysis, 100 female subjects with iron deficiency anemia aged 20-45 years were included in the study group. For comparison, age and sex matched 100 apparently healthy female were selected as control. The HRV parameters were recorded by a 4 active channels, Polyrite-D. Mean resting pulse rate, LF power, LF norm and LF/HF were significantly (p <0.0001) higher and total power, HF power, HF norm were significantly (p <0.0001) lower in subjects with iron deficiency anemia in comparison to those of control group. This study concludes that cardiac parasympathetic activity was reduced in female with iron deficiency anemia.Bangladesh Med J. 2014 Sep; 43 (3): 125-129
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Phurpa and Sultana Ferdousi. "Diabetic Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction and Its Relationship with Duration of Diabetes." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 11, no. 1 (September 24, 2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v11i1.29702.
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Background: Duration of diabetes may have an important influence on cardiac autonomic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Objective: To assess the relationship of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) with the duration of diabetes.Methods: This crosssectional study was carried out from January to December 2015 on 54 long-term T2DM male patients aged 45 to 55 years, selected from the Endocrinology OPD of BSMMU, Dhaka. Thirty age matched recently diagnosed male T2DM patients(RT2DM) were control. Cardiac autonomic function was assessed by Heart Rate Variability(HRV). HRV measures were obtained by RMS multi channel polyrite-D. For statistical analysis, unpaired t-test and Pearsons correlation coefficient test were used.Results: Mean RR, SDNN, and HF nu were significantly lower (p < 0.001) whereas, mean HR, LF nu and LF/HF were significantly (p < 0.001) higher in LT2DM than those of RT2DM. SDNN, RMSSD and variance showed significant (p < 0.001) negative correlation with the duration of diabetes.Conclusions: Duration of diabetes had strong negative relationship with the diabetic cardiac autonomic dysfunction.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2016, June; 11(1): 1-5
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Akter, Tahmina, and Sultana Ferdousi. "Autonomic dysfunction and migraine: Assessed by time series analysis of heart rate variability." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 12, no. 2 (January 22, 2018): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v12i2.35423.
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Background: Migraine is associated with autonomic nervous system dysfunction with reduced heart rate variability (HRV).Objective: To assess the cardiac autonomic function in migraine patients.Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University during 2013. Cardiac autonomic nerve function of 60 newly diagnosed untreated migraine patients aged 15-30 years, both male and female was assessed by analyzing time domain measures of HRV. Thirty age, sex, BMI matched healthy control were also assessed and compared. The diagnosed migraine patients were selected from the out patient department of Neurology, BSMMU, Dhaka. The HRV parameters were recorded by a 4 active channels, RMS polyrite-D. For statistical analysis, Independent Sample t-test was used.Results: Resting pulse rate, mean heart rate were found significantly higher and mean R-R interval, SDNN, RMSSD were significantly lower in all patients with migraine than those of healthy control.Conclusion: Autonomic dysfunction characterized by impaired cardiac vagal tone was associated with migraine.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2017, December; 12(2): 57-60
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Ferdous, Mehboba, and Sultana Ferdousi. "Acute impact of cigarette smoking on power spectral measures of HRV." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 13, no. 1 (August 23, 2018): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v13i1.37842.
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Background: Cigarette smoking is associated with various forms of acute cardiac events such as myocardial infarction and ventricular fibrillation etc.Objective: To observe immediate impact of cigarette smoking on power spectral measures of heart rate variability (HRV) in current apparently healthy male regular cigarette smokers.Methods: This study was carried out on 120 apparently healthy male current regular cigarette smoker aged 20-55 years. To watch the intense impacts, data were recorded 5 and 30 min after completing a full stick of cigarette. Power spectral measures of HRV were recorded by a RMS digital polyrite D. Statistical analysis was done by paired sample t test.Results: LF power, LF nu & LF/HF ratio were significantly increased and HF power & HF nu were significantly decreased from their corresponding baseline value just 5 minutes after smoking and returned close to their baseline value after 30 minutes of smoking.Conclusion: The result of the study concludes that acceleration of sympathetic activity with simultaneous withdrawn of cardiovascular vagal adjustment happens quickly in the wake of smoking a cigarette.J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2018, June; 13(1): 8-12
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Jahan, Choudhury Rifat, Shelina Begum, Sultana Ferousi, and Md Moyeen Uddin. "Impaired Cardiac Vagal Tone in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 10, no. 2 (March 31, 2016): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v10i2.27162.
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Background: Altered cardiovascular autonomic nerve function with impaired autonomicl balance is found in Major Depressive Disorder(MDD).Objective: To assess some time domain measures of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in MDD patients to observe their autonomic nerve function status.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, during 2011on 60 patients of both sexes with Major Depressive disorder (MDD) aged 20-50 years. They were further subdivided into 30 drug naïve and 30 patients treated with anti depressive drug. Age, sex and BMI matched 30 apparently healthy subjects were control. The HRV parameters were recorded by 4 active channels, Polyrite-D. For statistical analysis ANOVA, independent sample t-test, were performed.Result: Mean R-R interval, SDNN,RMSSD ,PNN50%, NN50% were found significanty lower but heart rate was significantly higher in all MDD patients of both group compared to control.No significant differences were found in these parameters between treated and recently diagnosed patient.Conclusion: Cardiac autonomic nerve function was impaired in MDD patient which was characterized by reduced vagal tone. Antidepressive medication may not have any effect on impaired autonomic function in MDD.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2015, December; 10(2): 41-45
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Ferdouse, Mehboba, and Sultana Ferdousi. "Autonomic Dysfunction in Current Cigarette Smokers Assessed by Time Series Analysis of Heart Rate Variability." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 8, no. 2 (April 22, 2014): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v8i2.18659.
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Background: Cigarette smoking is one of the strong contributors to the risk of development of cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease, stroke, sudden death, peripheral artery disease & aortic aneurysm. Objective: To assess HRV by time domain methods in healthy cigarette smokers. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka from July 2011 to June 2012. 120 apparently healthy male current regular cigarette smokers (Group B) aged 20-55 years were enrolled in the study group.70 apparently healthy male non smoker subjects (Group A) were taken as control. Time domain measures of HRV were recorded by a RMS digital Polyrite. Statistical analysis was done by independent sample t test. Results: Resting Pulse, SBP, DBP, Mean heart rate was significantly higher (p<0.001) and Mean R-R interval, SDNN, RMSSD were significantly lower (p<0.001) in all smokers compared to control. Conclusion: Generalized reduced HRV & attenuated cardiac vagal modulation occur in apparently healthy cigarette smokers. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v8i2.18659 Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2013, December; 8(2): 84-88
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Simona BALAS, Camelia URDĂ, Luana PĂCURAR, Florin RUSSU, Anca BURNEA, and Marcel DUDA. "EFFECTS OF SEED INOCULATION AND CROPPING SYSTEM ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SOME EARLY SOYBEAN VARIETIES." LIFE SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2, no. 1 (July 20, 2021): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.58509/lssd.v2i1.72.
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In order to evaluate the influence of preceding crops and different inoculants applied to seeds, on some quality parameters (protein, fat and four fatty acids content: stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic) at three soybean varieties from 00 maturity group, a field polifactorial experiment was carried out in 2020, in the North West part of Romania (Amați village, Satu Mare county). The experiment was based on a split plot design, using plots of 700 m2, on clay-loam soil, with a lower fertility potential. Three factors were analyzed in the experiment: the preceding crops with two graduation, inoculants for soybean seeds with two graduation and soybean varieties with 3 graduations. Onix, Felix and Cristina TD soybean varieties developed at Research and Development Station for Agriculture Turda (RDSA Turda) were used as a biological material. The chemical composition of soybean seeds was especially influenced by the genetic factor. A slightly increase in protein content was identified for Cristina TD variety, in the experimental variant with soybean included in 5 years rotation and when the seeds were inoculated with Polyriz S.
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NAITO, Michitaka, Masafumi KUZUYA, Chiaki FUNAKI, Kazuaki SHIBATA, Kanichi ASAI, and Fumio KUZUYA. "The influence of Heparin and a Heparinoid (Polyran T) on the Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Culture." Journal of Japan Atherosclerosis Society 14, no. 2 (1986): 345–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5551/jat1973.14.2_345.
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Badarisam, Fatin Najihah, Mohd Syazwan Mohamad Anuar, Abdul Ghapor Hussin, Adzhar Rambli, and Nurul Raudhah Zulkifli. "Confidence Interval for Parameters Estimates in Circular Simultaneous Functional Relationship Model (CSFRM) for Equal Variances using Normal Asymptotic and Bootstrap Confidence Intervals." Sains Malaysiana 51, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 3819–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5111-25.
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Few studies have considered the functional relationship model for circular variables. Anuar has proposed a new model of Circular Simultaneous Functional Relationship Model for equal variances. However, the confidence interval for all parameter estimates in this model has not received any consideration in any literature. This paper proposes the confidence interval for all parameter estimates of von Mises distribution in this model. The parameters are estimated using minimum sum (ms) and polyroot function provided in (built-in package) Splus statistical software. The parameters confidence may be obtained from parameter estimation. Those estimation values are obtained by minimizing the negative value of the log-likelihood function. Then, the confidence interval for all parameters based on the bootstrap method will be compared with the normal asymptotic confidence interval via simulation studies. It is found that bootstrap method is the superior method by measuring the performance using coverage probability and expected length. The confidence intervals are illustrated using real wind direction data of Bayan Lepas that collected at 16.3 m above ground level, latitude 05°18’N and longitude 100°16’E. The results showed that the estimate parameters fall between the estimate interval, and we note that the method works well for this model.
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Das, Shampa, Sumana Panja, and Kaushik Samajdar. "A study of cardiovascular sympathetic function tests during different phases of menstrual cycle in young females." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 9 (August 27, 2019): 3367. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20193915.
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Background: Menstrual cycle is a regular coordinated physiological change in non-pregnant women. The variation of hormonal concentrations during different phases of the menstrual cycle has a profound influence on autonomic and metabolic activities. The present study was designed to assess the cardiovascular sympathetic functions during different phases of menstrual cycle in normal healthy eumenorrheic females.Methods: Fifty females in the age group of 18-25 years were selected for the study. Non-invasive cardiovascular sympathetic function tests were performed during different phases of the menstrual cycle using RMS Polyrite D.Results: Results were analyzed using paired ‘t’ test. Resting blood pressure, blood pressure response to isometric handgrip test and cold pressor test were statistically significant higher (p-value <0.05), in the secretory phase as compared to menstrual and proliferative phase. Blood pressure response to orthostatic test was statistically significant between the proliferative and secretory phase and between menstrual and secretory phase (p-value <0.05).Conclusion: Our study shows that sympathetic activity is highest during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle and lowest in the proliferative phase as compared to the menstrual phase. This higher sympathetic activity may be correlated with higher estrogen and progesterone levels during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. The study also emphasizes the complex relationship between ovarian hormones and autonomic regulatory systems.
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Tenzin, Karma, Noorzahan Begum, and Sultana Ferdousi. "Effect of Moderate Physical Exercise on Autonomic Balance in Irritable Bowel Syndrome." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 10, no. 1 (August 21, 2015): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v10i1.24610.
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Background: Altered autonomic balance has been noted in Irritable bowel syndrome Regular physical exercise may cause restoration of autonomic balance in health and disease.Objective: To assess the effect of brisk walking on the autonomic balance by analysis of heart rate variability in patients with Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) in 2013.Seventy seven male IBS patients aged 20-50 years, were enrolled from Gastroenterology OPD, BSMMU, Dhaka. Twenty eight healthy sedentary male with similar age were control. HRV measures were recorded once prior to exercise and then after 3 months of brisk walking. For assessing autonomic balance, LF/HF ratio and Max/Min RR was evaluated by Polyrite D machine and software. ANOVA, Independent sample t-test and paired t-test were used for statistical analysis.Results: The pre-exercise mean values of LF/HF ratio were significantly higher (p<0.001) in all IBS patients compared to those of control. The post exercise LF/HF ratio were significantly lower (p<0.05) in all IBS patients compared to their pre-exercise values.Conclusion: This study concluded that the sympathovagal balance was towards sympathetic predominance in IBS and regular moderate physical exercise may shift the balance towards parasympathetic predominance in them.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2015, June; 10(1): 6-10
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Nayem, Mohammad, Noorzahan Begum, and Sultana Ferdousi. "Assessment of Autonomic Nerve Function In Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 7, no. 1 (July 10, 2012): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i1.11163.
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Background: Autonomic nerve function impairment is related to development of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Heart rate variability (HRV) is a useful tool to measure autonomic nerve function activity and also sympatho-vagal balance.Objective: To assess autonomic nerve function activity by heart rate variability analysis in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from 1st July 2010 to 30th June 2011. Ninety patients aged 20-50 years of both sexes with Irritable bowel syndrome were included in the study group. They were enrolled from the OPD of Gastroenterology in BSMMU. For comparison age and sex matched 30 apparently healthy subjects were also studied as control. The power spectral HRV parameters were recorded by a digital Polyrite. For statistical analysis ANOVA, independent sample t-test were performed.Results: Mean resting pulse rate, mean HR, SBP, DBP, LF, LF norm and LF/HF were significantly higher(P<0.001) and total power, HF, HF norm were significantly lower(P<0.001) in IBS group compared to those of control.Conclusion: This study concludes markedly lower parasympathetic with concomitant higher sympathetic activity and shifting of sympathovagal balance towards sympathetic predominance in patients of IBS. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i1.11163 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2012, June; 7(1): 53-59
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Jahan, Choudhury Rifat, Shelina Begum, Sultana Ferdousi, and Md Moyeen Uddin. "Autonomic Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 9, no. 1 (March 30, 2015): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i1.22794.
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Background: Cardiovascular (CV) morbidity is a major problem in patients suffering from depression as greater CV mortality is found in cardiac patients with depression. Objective: To assess cardiac autonomic nerve activity by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability in patients with Major Depressive disorder. Methods: This case control study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka during 2011. Sixty patients of both sexes with Major Depressive disorder (MDD) aged 20-50 years were enrolled. The patients were selected from the Department of Psychiatry in Bangabandhu Sheik Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). Thirty drug naive MDD patients and thirty medicated MDD patients were compared with 30 healthy control and also between them. The HRV parameters were recorded by 4 active channels, RMS Polyrite-D. For statistical analysis independent sample t-test test was used. Results: LF norm and LF/HF were significantly higher and Total power, HF power, HF norm were significantly lower in both drug naive and medicated MDD patients in comparison with those of healthy control. Conclusion: Autonomic nerve dysfunction involved both the drug naive and medicated MDD patients which was associated with higher sympathetic activity and reduced vagal modulation of the heart and sympathovagal imbalance. Antidepressent drug treatment did not have any effect on autonomic dysfunction. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i1.22794 Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2014, June; 9(1): 37-41
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Jeon, Eun-Jin, Shi-Hyun Kang, Yan-Hong Piao, Sung-Wan Kim, Jung-Jin Kim, Bong-Ju Lee, Je-Chun Yu, et al. "Development of the Korea-Polyenvironmental Risk Score for Psychosis." Psychiatry Investigation 19, no. 3 (March 25, 2022): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.30773/pi.2021.0328.
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Objective Comprehensive understanding of polyenvironmental risk factors for the development of psychosis is important. Based on a review of related evidence, we developed the Korea Polyenvironmental Risk Score (K-PERS) for psychosis. We investigated whether the K-PERS can differentiate patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) from healthy controls (HCs).Methods We reviewed existing tools for measuring polyenvironmental risk factors for psychosis, including the Maudsley Environmental Risk Score (ERS), polyenviromic risk score (PERS), and Psychosis Polyrisk Score (PPS). Using odds ratios and relative risks for Western studies and the “population proportion” (PP) of risk factors for Korean data, we developed the K-PERS, and compared the scores thereon between patients with SSDs and HCs. In addition, correlation was performed between the K-PERS and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).Results We first constructed the “K-PERS-I,” comprising five factors based on the PPS, and then the “K-PERS-II” comprising six factors based on the ERS. The instruments accurately predicted participants’ status (case vs. control). In addition, the K-PERS-I and -II scores exhibited significant negative correlations with the negative symptom factor score of the PANSS.Conclusion The K-PERS is the first comprehensive tool developed based on PP data obtained from Korean studies that measures polyenvironmental risk factors for psychosis. Using pilot data, the K-PERS predicted patient status (SSD vs. HC). Further research is warranted to examine the relationship of K-PERS scores with clinical outcomes of psychosis and schizophrenia.
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Jahan, Kawser, Noorzahan Begum, and Sultana Ferdousi. "Power Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Female Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 7, no. 1 (July 10, 2012): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i1.11153.
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Background: Association of increased cardiovascular morbidity and higher sympathetic activity in patients with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been recognized. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a useful measure to assess sympatho-vagal balance.Objective: To assess autonomic nerve function status in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) by HRV analysis.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka from January to December 2010. Sixty female RA patients aged 18-50 years were included in the study group. They were enrolled from the Out Patient Department of Rheumatology Wing of the Department of Medicine, BSMMU, Dhaka. For comparison age matched thirty apparently healthy females were also studied as control. The HRV parameters were recorded by a Polyrite machine. For statistical analysis independent sample t test was used.Results: Mean resting pulse rate, diastolic blood pressure and mean systolic blood pressure were higher in rheumatoid arthritis patients in comparison to those of healthy control. Mean values of LF power, LF norm and LF/ HF were significantly higher (p<0.001) & TP and HF power, HF norm were significantly lower (p<0.001) in RA patients in comparison to those of healthy control.Conclusion: This study may conclude that sympathetic activity was higher with lower parasympathetic activity along with shifting of sympathovagal balance towards sympathetic predominance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i1.11153 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2012, June; 7(1): 8-12
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Nayem, Mohammad, Noorzahan Begum, and Sultana Ferdousi. "Time Domain Measures of Heart Rate Variability to Assess Autonomic Dysfunction In Irritable Bowel Syndrome." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 7, no. 2 (April 5, 2013): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i2.14451.
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Background: Autonomic nerve function impairment is related to development of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Time domain measures of Heart rate variability (HRV) is a useful tool to measure autonomic nerve function activity. Objective: To assess autonomic nerve function activity by time domain measures of heart rate variability in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka in 2011. Ninety patients aged 20-50 years of both sex with Irritable bowel syndrome were included in the study group. They were collected from the OPD of Gastroenterology in BSMMU. Age and sex matched 30 apparently healthy subjects served as control. For assessing HRV by time domain method, Mean heart rate Mean R-R interval, Max/Min R-R interval, SDNN, RMSSD, PNN50%, NN50% were recorded by a digital Polyrite. ANOVA, independent sample t-test and Pearsons correlation coefficient tests were performed as applicable. Results: Mean heart rate were significantly higher and Mean R-R interval, Max/Min R-R interval, SDNN, RMSSD, PNN50%, NN50% were significantly lower in IBS groups compared to those of control. Correlation analysis showed negative correlations of SDNN, RMSSD, PNN50%, NN50% with duration of disease. Conclusion: This study concludes that parasympathetic activity was reduced in patients of IBS. In addition, decreased vagal modulation is inversely related to the duration IBS. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i2.14451 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2012, December; 7(2): 60-65
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Nil, Phurpa Nil, and Sultana Ferdousi. "EVALUATION OF AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION BY HEART RATE VARIABILITY ANALYSIS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i1.15344.
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ABSTRACTObjective: Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a severe and common, yet highly underdiagnosed, complication of Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Subclinical CAN may have reduced heart rate variability (HRV) but normal Ewing battery test. This study was performed to evaluate theimportance of 5 minutes HRV for the detection of autonomic dysfunction in T2DM without (CAN-T2DM).Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University(BSMMU) on 30 recently diagnosed T2DM (RT2DM) and 54 long-term CAN-male T2DM patients (LT2DM), aged 45-55 years, from the EndocrinologyOut Patient Department of BSMMU, Dhaka. 30 age and body mass index matched apparently healthy male subjects were control. Ewing battery testwas used to rule out CAN positive T2DM. HRV data were recorded by a polyrite-D and analyzed by software. HRV was assessed by time domainmethod. For statistical analysis, ANOVA and unpaired t-test were used.Results: Mean RR, standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN) (p<0.05), and root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD) were significantly(p<0.001) lower, and mean HR and SDNN/RMSSD were (p<0.001) significantly higher in LT2DM compared to RT2DM and control. In addition, SDNNwas also significantly (p<0.05) lower in RT2DM than that of control.Conclusions: Results conclude that autonomic dysfunction may occur in both LT2DM and RT2DM patients without neuropathy and 5 minutes HRVtest is an important tool for detecting subclinical CAN.Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Cardiac autonomic neuropathy, Heart rate variability.
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Tenzina, Karma, Noorzahan Begum, and Sultana Ferdousi. "Effect of Physical Exercise on Autonomic Nerve Function in Irritable Bowel Syndrome." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 9, no. 1 (March 30, 2015): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i1.22790.
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Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may be associated with autonomic nerve dysfunction. However, moderate to vigorous physical exercise cause improvement of this nerve function. Objective: To observe the effect of moderate physical exercise on the autonomic nerve activity by analysis of HRV in patients with Irritable bowel syndrome. Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka in 2013. For this purpose, 77 male patients aged 20-50 years with IBS were included in the study. They were subdivided into IBS-D (24 patients), IBS-C (26 patients) and IBS-A (27 patients) and were selected from the OPD, Gastroenterology, BSMMU. 28 apparently healthy male were studied as control. HRV parameters were recorded prior to onset of physical exercise and after completion of 3 months of brisk walking. For assessing autonomic nerve function, some time domain measures of HRV were recorded by Polyrite D. ANOVA, Independent sample t-test and paired t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: The pre-exercise values of mean R-R interval, Max/Min ratio, SDNN,RMSSD, NN50%, PNN50% were significantly(p<0.05) lower and mean heart rate was significantly (p<0.05) higher in all IBS patients compared to control. The post exercise data showed mean HR was significantly decreased in IBS-A and SDNN & RMSSD were significantly increased in IBS-C and IBS-A. Conclusion: This study concluded that parasympathetic activity decreased in patients with IBS, which was improved after regular moderate physical exercise of 3 months. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i1.22790 Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2014, June; 9(1): 17-21
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Ferdous, Mehboba, and Sultana Ferdousi. "Acute Effect of Cigarette Smoking on HRV in Current Cigarette Smokers." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 9, no. 2 (March 30, 2015): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i2.22798.
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Background:Cigarette smoking induced increased sympathetic activity is one of the major independent risk factor for cardiac morbidity and mortality. Objective:To assess acute effects of smoking on neuro cardiovascular regulation by analysis of time domain measures of HRV in current regular healthy male cigarette smoker. Methods:This comparative analytical study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka from July 2011 to June 2012. 120 apparently healthy male current regular cigarette smoker aged 20-55 years were participated in the study group. Age and BMI matched 70 apparently healthy male non smoker subjects were studied as control. To observe the acute effects data were recorded 5 and 30 min after finishing a cigarette. Time domain measures of HRV were recorded by a RMS digital polyrite D. Statistical analysis was done by independent sample t test and paired sample t test. Results: Resting pulse rate, SBP, DBP, mean heart rate were significantly higher (p<0.001) and mean R-R interval, SDNN, RMSSD and total power were significantly lower (p<0.001) in all smokers in comparison to those of healthy control.In addition, all time domain parameters were significantly decreased from their corresponding baseline value just 5 minutes after smoking and returned close to their baseline value after 30 minutes of smoking but it remained significantly lower than control value. Conclusion: The result of this study concludes that cigarette smoking had acute effect on cardiac autonomic function causing depressed vagal activity and overbalance of sympathetic function. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i2.22798 Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2014, December; 9(2): 59-64
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Vasylieva, Larysa. "Semantic of the form in rock-music: art-pedagogical aspect (on example of hardand-heavy)." Scientific Visnyk V.O. Sukhomlynskyi Mykolaiv National University. Pedagogical Sciences 66, no. 3 (2019): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33310/2518-7813-2019-66-3-42-47.
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Purpose of Article - description of the semantic features of the hard-and-heavy musical composition in artistic and pedagogical aspects - the following tasks are specifically applied: individual perspectives of the study of semantics in rock music; need an organization theme), describe the structure and semantic model of hard and heavy compositions. Methodology relies on an integrated approach with the use of system-structural, functional and comparative methods, which allows to explore the characteristics of musical composition's semantics in hardand-heavy at the intonational-thematic, genre, compositional levels. Scientific novelty consists in describing the models of the structural and semantic organization of hard-and-heavy compositions on the basis of a study of the processes of shaping, thematic and structural organization. Hard-and-heavy uses various types of forms - from simple to complex, mirror-symmetric, open, alternative, which are based on one of the three types of thematic organization: monoriff, polyriff, spiral. Structural models of hard-and-heavy musical forms emerge based on the interaction of genre features of vocal and instrumental music. Each structural model corresponds to a generalized semantic model with a specific range of values. The guiding lines for semantic interpretation are representations of typical forms. The semantic model of a typical hardand-heavy composition has several particular models that play the role of a meaningful scenario, define the functional and dynamic profile of the piece, and create the semantic field of this form. Semantic analysis of the rock-piece`s form, as a component of the operational level of artistic and pedagogical analysis, provides an awareness of the joint action of the means of musical expression in their interconnection and conditionality of content. It reveals the structural features of a piece of music, facilitating the process of perception and providing active influence of musical images on the listeners
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Akhter, Qazi Farzana, Qazi Shamima Akhter, Masuma Akhtar Banu, Matia Ahmed, and Farhana Naznen. "Time Domain Measures of Heart Rate Variability to Assess Cardiac Autonomic Nerve Function in Adult Bangladeshi Male and Female." International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) 6, no. 4 (September 18, 2022): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.31344/ijhhs.v6i4.478.
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Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) has been considered as an indicator of autonomic nerve function status.Objective:To find out the reference values of heart rate variability by time domain measures of HRV inadult Bangladeshi population of both sexes.Methods:This cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted between July 2012 and June 2013. A total of 180 subjects were selected through the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College Dhaka, Bangladesh, with the age ranging from 18 to 60 years. All the study subjects were divided into 3 different groups: group A (18-30 years), group B (31-45 years) and group C (46-60 years). Each group had 60 subjects: 30 males and 30 females. The experimentation of HRV parameters and recording of data were done using RMS Polyrite D (version 2.4) in Autonomic Nerve Function Test Laboratory of the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate along with R-R interval between successive QRS complexes, standard deviation of NN interval (SDNN), RMSSD (square root of mean squared differences between adjacent NN intervals) were observed and analyzed.Results: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and RMSSD were significantly higher in males than that of females in all three groups (P<0.001). However, no differences were observed in mean heart rate, R-R interval, and SDNN between males and females in any group.Conclusion: Our data suggest that males have higher cardiac sympathetic activities, while females show higher cardiac parasympathetic activities in different age groups in terms of heart rate and blood pressure regulation. The difference of blood pressure is statistically significant; however, the difference of mean heart rate is not statistically significant.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 04 Oct’22 Page: 393-397
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Yesmin, Jenefer, Noorzahan Begum, and Sultana Ferdousi. "Impact of Slow breathing exercise on heart rate variability in male Type 2 diabetes mellitus." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 14, no. 2 (January 1, 2020): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v14i2.44786.
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Background: Reduced heart rate variability (HRV) with cardiac autonomic nerve dysfunction has been found in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients. Yoga based slow breathing exercise (SBE) improved this autonomic functions in healthy subjects.
Objectives: To assess the effect of SBE on cardiac autonomic nerve function(CANF) by power spectral analysis of HRV in patients with T2DM.
Methods: This prospective interventional study was carried on 30 male diagnosed T2DM patients aged 45-55 years with disease duration 5-10 years enrolled from Out Patient Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. They performed SBE for 30 minutes twice daily for 3 months. Thirty apparently healthy age, BMI matched male who did not undergo any type of exercise were included as control. To assess the cardiac autonomic nerve function, power spectral analysis of HRV of all patients were done before and after 3 months of SBE. HRV data were recorded by polyrite D (RMS India). For statistical analysis, independent sample and paired sample t-test were used.
Results: The preintervention values of Low frequency (LF) normalized unit(nu) and Low frequency/High frequency( LF/HF) ratio were significantly (p<0.001) higher and the values of LF power, HF power, HF normalized unit (HF nu) were significantly (p<0.001) lower in all diabetic patients compared to control. The postintervention values of LF power, HF power, HF nu increased significantly (p<0.001) and the LF nu, LF/HF ratio decreased significantly (p<0.001)compared to their pre-intervention values in T2DM. There were no significant differences between the post intervention values of LF nu, HF nu and LF/HF ratio in T2DM and the control.
Conclusion: Impaired cardiac autonomic nerve function was significantly improved by SBE in T2DM.
J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2019, December; 14(2): 63-68
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Ahmed, Matia, Noorzahan Begum, and Sultana Ferdousi. "Assessment of Autonomic Nerve Function In Hypothyroids By Time Domain Method of Heart Rate Variability." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 7, no. 1 (July 10, 2012): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i1.11162.
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Background: Cardiovascular complications are common in hypothyroids .Time domain measures of HRV is useful to determine the cardiac autonomic regulation by assessing sympathovagal balance.Objective: To assess the cardiac autonomic nerve function activity by time domain measures of heart rate variability in patients with hypothyroidism.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Banghabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University between July 2008 to June 2009 on 60 female patients with hypothyroidism aged 30-50 years. 30 age matched apparently healthy euthyroid subjects were also studied as control. Hypothyroid patients were divided into 2 subgroups, one group includes patients on their 1st day of diagnosis, before starting of treatment and another group includes patients with medication for 12-18 months. The patients were selected from the Out Patients Department of Endocrinology Wing BSMMU. Serum TSH and FT4 levels of all subjects were measured by AxSYM system. For assessing HRV by time domain method, mean R-R interval, mean heart rate, SDNN, RMSSD and variance were measured by a Polyrite. For statistical analysis, Independent Sample t test and One Way ANOVA were used.Results: The mean serum TSH was significantly higher and FT4 was significantly lower (p<0.001) in newly diagnosed hypothyroids than those of control and treated group. In untreated hypothyroid patients the mean values of heart rate, SDNN, RMSSD,variance were found significantly (p<0.001) lower in comparison to both control and treated patients. No significant difference in these hormonal levels and all these time domain measures were found between control and treated group.Conclusion: This study concludes that decrease parasympathetic nerve activity may be a consequence of hypothyroidism, if not treated properly. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i1.11162 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2012, June; 7(1): 48-52
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Rahman, Farhana, Qazi Shamima Akhter, Qazi Farzana Akhter, Susmita Sinha, and Sybila Ferdousi. "Time domain measures of heart rate variability to assess cardiac autonomic nerve function in female with iron deficiency anemia." Bangladesh Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 30, no. 1 (November 1, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpp.v30i1.20779.
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Iron deficiency anemia is considered as one of the major public health problem in Bangladesh. Cardiac autonomic nerve dysfunction may present in iron deficiency anemia which increases the risk and further complications of this disease. Assessment of heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive technique to evaluate cardiac autonomic nerve function status. To assess the cardiac autonomic nerve function status by heart rate variability analysis in female with iron deficiency anemia. This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2012 to June 2013. For this, 100 female subjects with iron deficiency anemia aged 20-45 years were included in the study group (Group B). The anemic subjects were selected from Outpatient Department of Haematology in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. They were included in the study group on the basis of their pre-performed hemoglobin percentage, total count of RBC and serum ferritin level. Data were collected in pre-designed structured questionnaire by the researcher herself. For comparison, age and sex matched 100 apparently healthy female were selected as control (Group A) by personal contact from the different areas of Dhaka city. Analysis of HRV parameters were done in Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. The HRV parameters were recorded by a 4 active channels, Polyrite-D.For statistical analyses, unpaired Students t-test and Pearsons correlation coefficient test were performed by using SPSS (version-19) as applicable. Mean resting pulse rate and mean heart rate were significantly (p <0.0001) higher in subjects with iron deficiency anemia in comparison to those of control group. Hemoglobin concentration, total count of RBC, mean R-R interval, SDNN and RMSSD were significantly (p <0.0001) lower in subjects with iron deficiency anemia in comparison to those of healthy control. This study concludes that cardiac parasympathetic activity was reduced in female with iron deficiency anemia.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpp.v30i1.20779 Bangladesh J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 30(1):1-5
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Tenzin, Karma, Noorzahan Begum, and Sultana Ferdousi. "Exercise induced changes in autonomic nerve function in patients with irritable bowel syndrome by power spectral analysis." Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 8, no. 1 (July 26, 2016): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v8i1.28914.
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<p><strong>Background:</strong> Altered autonomic nerve function has been reported by various investigators in IBS and moderate to vigorous physical exercise causes autonomic nerve function improvement both in healthy and various clinical conditions.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> To observe the effect of brisk walking on the autonomic nerve function by analysis of heart rate in patients with Irritable bowel syndrome.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective interventional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) between January to December 2013. For this purpose 77 male patients aged 20-50 years with IBS were included in this study, they were enrolled from OPD, Gastroenterology, BSMMU, Dhaka. For comparison, 28 apparently healthy male were also included as control. HRV measures were recorded once before exercise and also after 3 months of brisk walking. For assessing HRV, frequency domain measures such as total power, LF power, HF power, LF norm and HF norm were recorded by Polyrite D machine. ANOVA, Independent sample t-test and paired t-tests were performed for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The pre-exercise values of HF power, HF norm and total power were significantly lower (p<0.05) whereas values of LF power and LF norm were higher (p<0.05) in all IBS patient compared to those of control. The post exercise data demonstrated significantly higher (p<0.05) HF power, HF nu and total power in all IBS patients compared to their pre-exercise values.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study concluded that the frequency domain measures of HRV were decreased in IBS patients but all these parameters can be improved by regular moderate physical exercise.</p>
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Akhter, Qazi Farzana, Qazi Shamima Akhter, Farhana Rohman, Susmita Sinha, and Sybilla Ferdousi. "Effect of Aging on Short Term Heart Rate Variability." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 9, no. 2 (March 30, 2015): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i2.22801.
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Background: Heart rate variability has been considered as an indicator of autonomic nerve function status. Few works have been done to assess the heart rate variability in normal healthy subjects in different countries. Objectives: To assess the cardiac autonomic nerve function status in healthy Bangladeshi population of different age groups by analyzing time domain measures of Heart Rate Variability. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from the period of July 2012 to June 2013. For this purpose, a total number of 180 healthy subjects were selected with the age ranging from 15-60 years of both sexes. All the study subjects were divided into 3 different groups according to age (Control 15-30 years; middle age 31-45 years; older age 46-60 years). Each group included 60 subjects of which 30 were male and 30 were female. The subjects were selected from different areas of Dhaka city by personal contacts. HRV parameters were recorded by a 4 active channels, RMS Polyrite-D-2 machine For statistical analysis, one way ANOVA, unpaired Students t-test and Pearsons correlation coefficient test were performed. as applicable. Results: Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly (p<0.001) higher in older group in comparison to control & middle age group. Again RR interval and RMSSD (p<0.001), were significantly lower in older age group (p<0.05) compared to control & also to middle age group. But HR was found significantly higher (p<0.05)in both middle and older subjects than control and also in older (p<0.05) compared to middle age. Correlation analysis showed moderate negative correlation of mean R-R with age in middle age whereas significant negative correlation for RMSSD both in middle and older age subjects. Conclusion: In this study, markedly decreased cardiac parasympathetic function were found with aging process. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i2.22801 Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2014, December; 9(2): 78-82
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Jahan, Choudhury Rifat, Md Moyeen Uddin, Md Samir Uddin, Misbah Ul Hoq Chowdury, Wajeunnesa, and Mahmuda Quamrun Naher. "Parasympathetic Nerve Function Status in Major Depressive Disorder Patients and Its Correlation with Duration of Disease." Medicine Today 32, no. 2 (August 29, 2020): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v32i2.48817.
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Introduction:Cardiovascular (CV) morbidity is a major problem in patients suffering from depression. Greater CV mortality is found in cardiac patients with depression than without depression. Depressive disorder can cause altered autonomic nerve function. This study design to assess autonomic nerve function activity by heart rate variability analysis in patients with major depressive disorder and its correlation with duration of disease.
Materials and Methods: This case study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka in 2011. 60 patients of both sexes with major depressive disorder (MDD) aged from 20-50 years were included in the study group (Group B). The patients were selected from out and inpatient Department of Psychiatry in Bangabandhu Sheik Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). Group B were divided into B-1 consisting of 30 drug naive MDD patients & B-2 consisting of 30 medicated MDD patients. For comparison age and sex matched 30 apparently healthy subjects (Group A) were also studied. The HRV parameters were recorded by 4 active channels, Polyrite-D machine. For statistical analysis ANOVA, independent sample t-test, chi-square test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test were performed by using SPSS for windows version-16 as applicable.
Results: Mean resting pulse rate, mean heart rate, systolic blood pressure were significantly higher in drug naive and medicated MDD patients in comparison with that of healthy control. Mean R-R interval, Max/Min R-R interval, SDNN, RMSSD, PNN50%, NN50% were significantly lower in this groups of patients. Correlation analysis showed negative correlations of SDNN, RMSSD, PNN50%, NN50% with disease duration which was statistically significant only for SDNN.
Conclusion: Sympathovagal imbalance may occur in both drug naive and medicated MDD patients which is associated with higher sympathetic and lower vagal modulation of the heart rate. In addition, parasympathetic nerve function parameters show negative relationship with the duration of disease.
Medicine Today 2020 Vol.32(2): 76-80
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Tabassum, Rehnuma, Sangita Mithun, and SM Nurul Irfan. "Evaluation of Sympathetic Nerve Function Status in Hypertensive Patients." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 12, no. 1 (January 24, 2016): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v12i1.39965.
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Introduction: Hypertension is independent and the most powerful predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Sympathetic overdrive may be related to essential hypertension. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) analysis is one of the most quantitative markers of autonomic activity in hypertensive patients.
Objective: To assess the cardiac autonomic nerve function status by heart rate variability in essential hypertension.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out to observe the HRV in 60 hypertensive male patients with age ranging from 40-60 years (group B) in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) from 1st July 2008 to 30th June 2009. Based on treatment, hypertensive patients were divided into B1 (untreated patients on their 1st day of diagnosis) and B2 (patients with antihypertensive therapy for less than 5 years). For comparison, 30 apparently healthy normotensive subjects (group A) matched by age sex were also studied. The study group was selected from the Out Patient Department of Cardiology, BSMMU, Dhaka and the control group was selected by personal contact. Heart Rate Variability parameters were assessed by Polygraph (RMS Polyrite D, version2.2) and for statistical analysis Independent sample t-test, One-way ANOVA test, Chi-square test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient tests were done as applicable.
Results: LF/HF(Low Frequency/High Frequency) ratio and LF norm (normalized unit) were significantly (p<0.001) higher and HF norm was significantly (p<0.001) lower in untreated hypertensive patients in comparison to those of healthy normotensive subjects. parameters were observed between treated hypertensive and healthy control subjects. The LF/HF ratio and LF norm showed positive correlations and HF norm showed negative correlations with SBP (systolic blood pressure) and DBP (diastolic blood pressure) in both the hypertensive groups. However, all these findings were more marked in untreated hypertensive patients than those of treated group.
Conclusion: Hypertensive patients may have sympathovagal imbalance and is usually characterized by higher sympathetic as well as lower vagal modulation of the heart rate.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(1) 2016: 38-43
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Sultana, Shamima, Shelina Begum, and Sultana Ferdousi. "Effect of Losartan and Atenolol on heart rate variability in newly diagnosed essential hypertensive patient." Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 6, no. 2 (August 4, 2016): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v6i2.29135.
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<p><strong>Background:</strong> Essential hypertension is associated with altered autonomic function. Essential hypertension is treated with drugs which modify the sympatho-parasympathetic balance. Losartan (angioteosin II receptor blocker) and atenolol (beta blocker) is commonly used antihypertensive drugs.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> To evaluate the effect of antihypertensive drugs on heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with essential hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka from July 2012 to June 2013 on 120 newly diagnosed hypertensive patients without any medication (group B, age 30-55 years). They were selected from the Out Patients Department (OPD) of cardiology, BSMMU, Dhaka. Age, sex and BMI matched 60 apparently healthy norrnotensive subjects were also studied as control (group A). Based on treatment, these study subjects were divided into two groups (BI and B2). Group B1<sub>a</sub> included 60 patients received Josartan 50 mg daily and B<sub>2a</sub> included 60 patients received atenolol 50mg daily. They were observed once before the treatment (B<sub>1a</sub> & B<sub>2a</sub>), after 3 months medication (B<sub>1b</sub> & B<sub>2b</sub>) and after 6 months medication (B<sub>1c</sub> & B<sub>2c</sub>). For assessing HRV, Mean heart rate, Mean R-R interval, Max/Min R-R interval, SDNN, RMSSD were recorded by a polyrite. Data were compared among before treatment, after 3 months treatment and after 6 months treatment. For statistical analysis ANOVA, independent sample't' test and paired sample 't' test were performed. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Mean resting pulse rate, mean heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher and mean R-R interval, Max/Min R-R interval, SDNN, RMSSD were significantly lower in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients in comparison with that of healthy normotensive subjects and after treatment. Jn both groups SDNN, RMS SD, mean R-R interval were found significantly higher after 6 months of treatment compared to their values after 3 months treatment. Again these values were found close to the values in normotensive subjects. In addition, mean heart rate was found significantly lower in atenolol treated patients than those of controls. Again in atenolol group these values were found significanLly higher than the corresponding values in losartan treated patients after 6 months treatment. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Reduced cardiac vagal tone occurs in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients which is improved by both losartan and atenolol and in particular atenolol was found more effective.</p>
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Oliver, Dominic, Joaquim Radua, Abraham Reichenberg, Rudolf Uher, and Paolo Fusar-Poli. "Psychosis Polyrisk Score (PPS) for the Detection of Individuals At-Risk and the Prediction of Their Outcomes." Frontiers in Psychiatry 10 (April 17, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00174.
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Braun, Alice, Julia Kraft, and Stephan Ripke. "Study protocol of the Berlin Research Initiative for Diagnostics, Genetics and Environmental Factors in Schizophrenia (BRIDGE-S)." BMC Psychiatry 23, no. 1 (January 12, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04447-4.
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Abstract Background Large-scale collaborative efforts in the field of psychiatric genetics have made substantial progress in unraveling the biological architecture of schizophrenia (SCZ). Although both genetic and environmental factors are known to play a role in schizophrenia etiology our mechanistic understanding of how they shape risk, resilience and disease trajectories remains limited. Methods Here, we present the study protocol of the Berlin Research Initiative for Diagnostics, Genetic and Environmental Factors of Schizophrenia (BRIDGE-S), which aims to collect a densely phenotyped genetic cohort of 1,000 schizophrenia cases and 1,000 controls. The study’s main objectives are to build a resource for i) promoting genetic discoveries and ii) genotype–phenotype associations to infer specific disease subtypes, and iii) exploring gene-environment interactions using polyrisk models. All subjects provide a biological sample for genotyping and complete a core questionnaire capturing a variety of environmental exposures, demographic, psychological and health data. Approximately 50% of individuals in the sample will further undergo a comprehensive clinical and neurocognitive assessment. Discussion With BRIDGE-S we created a valuable database to study genomic and environmental contributions to schizophrenia risk, onset, and outcomes. Results of the BRIDGE-S study could yield insights into the etiological mechanisms of schizophrenia that could ultimately inform risk prediction, and early intervention and treatment strategies.
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Banerjee, Priyanka, and Jayanta Bhattacharya. "ASSOCIATION OF DURATION OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH HEART RATE VARIABILITY AMONG NEWLY DIAGNOSED PATIENTS." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, January 1, 2022, 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/8303824.
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AIM:To nd out any correlation of HRVparameters with duration of disease among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted for one year span from September 2020 to August 2021,in the Department of Physiology, R.G. Kar medical college in collaboration with Department of Endocrinology, R.G. Kar Medical College,Kolkata.56 Patients diagnosed to have T2DM within the age group of 30 and 64years (both genders) attending DIABETIC CLINIC run by the Department of Endocrinology at R.G. Kar Medical College and Hospital were screened to the Autonomic Function Research Laboratory of Physiology in the Department of Physiology, R.G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Computer with software for HRV analysis Physiograph Polyrite-D instrument with bio-ampliers, 4channels and accessories(RMS latest software-Version 3.0.16) was used to analyse time domain and frequency domain parameters of short term heart rate variability of 5 minutes duration. RESULTS: Pearson correlation study showed signicant positive correlation of LF:HF ratio with duration of T2DM among newly diagnosed cases and statistically signicant negative correlation was found between duration of T2DM with SDNN. CONCLUSION :we can conclude that duration of disease of diabetes mellitus is associated with sympathovagal imbalance.So CAN screening should be routinely done in all patients even if type 2 diabetes mellitus is newly diagnosed.
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SURAIYA PARVIN, PARTHA PRATIM NATH, MOUSUMI DUTTA, MUKTI MONDAL, ASHMA KHATUN, SANGHAMITRA PAL, MAHUA GUHA ROY, and GOUTAM PAUL. "MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE POTENTIATES THE CONTRACTION OF THE VISCERAL SMOOTH MUSCLE OF DUODENUM BY AUGMENTING THE ACTIVITY OF INTRINSIC CHOLINERGIC EFFERENTS, INDUCING OXIDATIVE STRESS AND PROLIFERATING SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, May 15, 2019, 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i7.33363.
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Objective: The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on the contraction of visceral smooth muscle (VSM) of the duodenum in a rat model to understand the MSG-induced impairment of the function of the small intestine.
Methods: Male albino rats of Charles Foster strain were exposed with MSG at three different dosages (632, 1264, and 2528 mg/kg BW/day) for 30-day duration. The records of the contraction of the duodenum were achieved with isotonic transducer (IT-2245) coupled with RMS-Polyrite D by our standard laboratory protocol.
Results: We have observed potentiation of contraction of duodenum ex vivo dose-dependently in MSG exposed groups of rats compared to control. Furthermore, the enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in VSM tissue homogenate and expression of AChE protein in fixed duodenal muscle cell layers have been decreased in a dosage response manner comparing to control rats. We have found a significant decrease in the activities of some antioxidant enzymes such as Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-s-transferase, and increase in the level of malondialdehyde in MSG exposed VSM tissue homogenate of the duodenum. We have also observed thickening of muscularis externa layer and increase in the number of muscle cells in circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the duodenal wall in transverse duodenal wall sections stained with eosin-hematoxylin.
Conclusion: MSG potentiates the contraction of VSM of duodenum by augmenting the activity of intrinsic cholinergic efferents predominantly, and inducing oxidative stress and proliferating smooth muscle cells.
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S, Shakthinag, and Sandip Sardessai. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTAL HISTORY OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH THE SYMPATHOVAGAL BALANCE IN YOUNG ADULTS WITH COMPARABLE BMI, STRESS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS." International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies 4, no. 1 (January 25, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.32553/ijmbs.v4i1.892.
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Background: With the heritability of Type 2 diabetes mellitus adding to the disease burden, it would be ideal to find screening tools to detect early changes that could be present in Euglycemic individuals with a genetic predisposition.
Objective: To study if the parental history of type 2 diabetes mellitus has an association with the time domain, frequency domain and nonlinear basal heart rate variability indices
Methods and material: Thiscross sectional study was conducted in the Physiology department of Goa Medical college over a period of 2 months on 70 Medical students between the age of 18-21 years, with low-moderate stress (PAS 10) and fair physical activity(PAI of American academy of health and fitness). Using an Inco Polyrite D instrument, data collection was done and the RR interval data was analysed using Kubios software for the basal Heart rate variability indices of time domain, frequency domain and nonlinear methods. Data was entered into Excel spreadsheet and analysed using SPSS version 14. Mann Whitney U test was done to test for statistical significance.
Result: The mean age of the sample was 18.94± 0.759 years and out of the 70 subjects who had participated in the study 36 (51.4%) subjects had a positive parental family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus while 34 (48.6%) subjects did not. Significant changes were observed in the LF (nu), HF (nu) and LF/HF ratio. A significantly higher LF.n.u (p value - 0,008) and LF/HF (p value- 0.008) was observed in group with family history and a significantly lower HF.n.u ( p value – 0.007)was observed in the same group. No other significant changes were observed in time domain and non linear indices.
Conclusion: Frequency domain HRV may be useful as a predictive index for diabetes mellitus. The presence of higher sympathetic activity and lower parasympathetic activity in individuals (with comparable stress level, BMI, physical activity) having a positive parental history of diabetes mellitus might indicate an underlying autonomic imbalance
Keywords: Diabetes, Family history, Heart rate variability, HRV, parental history, Sympathovagal balance
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Ren, Na, Bin Liang, and Yunhui Li. "Identification of prognosis-related genes in the tumor microenvironment of stomach adenocarcinoma by TCGA and GEO datasets." Bioscience Reports 40, no. 10 (October 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bsr20200980.
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Abstract Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) development, progression, prognosis and immunotherapeutic responses. How the genes in TME interact and behave is extremely crucial for tumor investigation. In the present study, we used gene expression data of STAD available from TCGA and GEO datasets to infer tumor purity using ESTIMATE algorithms, and predicted the associations between tumor purity and clinical features and clinical outcomes. Next, we calculated the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the comparisons of immune and stromal scores, and postulated key biological processes and pathways that the DEGs mainly involved in. Then, we analyzed the prognostic values of DEGs in TCGA dataset, and validated the results by GEO dataset. Finally, we used CIBERSORT computational algorithm to estimate the 22 tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) subsets in STAD tissues. We found that stromal and immune scores were significantly correlated with STAD subtypes, clinical stages, Helicobacter polyri infection, and stromal scores could predict the clinical outcomes in STAD patients. Moreover, we screened 307 common DEGs in TCGA and GSE51105 datasets. In the prognosis analyses, we only found OGN, JAM2, RERG, OLFML2B, and ADAMTS1 genes were significantly associated with overall survival in TCGA and GSE84437 datasets, and these genes were correlated with the fractions of T cells, B cells, macrophages, monocytes, NK cells and DC cells, respectively. Our comprehensive analyses for transcriptional data not only improved the understanding of characteristics of TME, but also provided the targets for individual therapy in STAD.
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Banerjee, Priyanka, Joyashree Banerjee, Suranjan Banerjee, Jayanta Bhattacharya, and Bulbul Mukhopadhyay. "Short-term Heart Rate Variability to Evaluate Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross-sectional Study." JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2022/54981.16963.
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Introduction: Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy (CAN) may be seen in patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). In many previous studies it was seen that there is reduced heart rate variability in DM patients. Reduced heart rate variability is earliest indicator for the CAN. In different earlier studies, it was found that results of Short-term Heart Rate Variability (HRV) analysis of five minutes is comparable to standard 24 hours HRV analysis. In DM patients CAN is mostly found to be associated with a longer duration of disease, but according to some studies CAN may be present in newly diagnosed diabetes patients also, but the percentage is lower. Aim: To assess the short-term HRV profile as cardiovascular risks among newly diagnosed T2DM patients and to find the correlation of HRV parameters with duration of disease and biochemical parameters; Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) and Postprandial Plasma Glucose (PPPG) for early detection and management of CAN. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Physiology in collaboration with the Department of Endocrinology at R.G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, from September 2020 to August 2021 on 56 newly diagnosed T2DM (age group 30 to 64 years). Study subjects were grouped according to the Standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN) (millisecond) value as cardiovascular risk factor. Group 1 was the low risk group, group 2 was the moderate risk group, group 3 was the high-risk group. HRV testing was done with Physiograph Polyrite-D instrument with bio-amplifiers, 4 channels and accessories (RMS latest software-Version 3.0.16) in Autonomic Function Research Laboratory to measure HRV parameters. After collecting data, analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM, SPSS) version 23.0 Unpaired student’s t-test, Chi-square test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test, Pearson correlation test were performed and statistical significance of different parameters were evaluated. It was considered statistically significant when p-value <0.05. Results: By assessing HRV parameters as cardiovascular risk factors among newly diagnosed T2DM patients the present study showed there was significantly (p-value=0.0065) high LF/HF ratio in males (1.70±1.19) than in females (0.99±0.69). The SDNN value was significantly highest in low cardiovascular risk group (137.29±25.49 ms) and lowest in high cardiovascular risk group (26.07±12.03 ms) (p-value=0.00001). Low Frequency and High Frequency Ratio (LF:HF ratio) was significantly more in age group of 51-60 years. Among all the patients, 34 (61%) patients had increased parasympathetic activity and 22 (39%) subjects had increased sympathetic activity. Female patients showed significantly more increased parasympathetic 24 (75%) activity than males 10 (41.7%). There was a significant association between SDNN values with the duration of disease (p-value=0.004). Conclusion: The present study showed that cardiac autonomic neuropathy is present even at the time of diagnosis of newly diagnosed T2DM as there was sympathovagal imbalance. Female patients have more parasympathetic drive than males which indicates that females are more cardioprotective.