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Academic literature on the topic 'Polyphénols – Analogues – Synthèse (chimie)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Polyphénols – Analogues – Synthèse (chimie)"
Shaw, Cliff S. J. "Igneous Rock Associations 22. Experimental Petrology: Methods, Examples, and Applications." Geoscience Canada 45, no. 2 (July 12, 2018): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2018.45.134.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Polyphénols – Analogues – Synthèse (chimie)"
Vo, Duc Duy. "Design, synthèse et évaluation de l'activité biologique d'analogues de polyphénols biaryliques bioactifs." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1S076.
Full textThis thesis is a part of the medicinal chemistry programme developed in the laboratory. Our first goal is the research of new inhibitors of Bcl-2 protein, compounds which are apoptosis inducers for cancer cells. We have designed new carbo- and heterocyclic compounds – analogs of bioactive biarylic polyphenol (gossypol and Wang���s compound). Chapters 1, 2 and 3 describe synthetic and biological results obtained for this cancer part, where new hits have been discovered and first structure activity relationships have been established. The second goal is the synthesis of new small molecules with neurotrophic properties, ie able to induce neuronal cell growth. Such derivatives could be of use for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson, Alzheimer, Huntington. Therefore, we have designed new carbo- and heterocyclic compounds, analogs of bioactive biarylic polyphenol (honokiol and magnolol). The results are described in chapter 4. A complete series of 24 honokiol analogs, as well as a first series of magnolol analogs have been prepared. First biological results in serie of honokiol analogs showed that our compounds were, at best, weakly active compared to honokiol
Rycke, Nicolas de. "Nouveaux analogues de la DMAP : synthèse et réactivité." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS0024.
Full textCatalysts which act as Lewis bases show a growing interest because of their capacity to promote a significant number of transformations in organic synthesis. Specifically, since its discover at the end of the 1960’s, 4-(dimethylamino)pyridin (DMAP) has been studied and introduced to accelerate the rate of several reactions such as the acylation of tertiary alcohols. The reactivity of this derivative is sometimes limited with deactivated substrates leading to a very slow conversion in products. First, we were interested on the synthesis of tricyclic triaminopyridins, strong analogs of DMAP and their reactivity was studied with the determinations of kinetic N and Lewis parameters thermodynamic basicity. Secondly, we prepared a new class of chiral DMAP derivatives, the structure of which is included in a paracyclophanic backbone. In parallel to this work, we developed a new nucleophilic probe which was involved in the comparison of the reactivity of aziridinium and azetidinium towards nucleophiles, by measuring their ring opening rates by UV-visible and RMN 1H spectrophotometry. Finally, the last part of this pH. D. Work was about the design and the synthesis of organocatalytic cages. This kind of derivatives would encapsultate substrates within its cavity to promote chemical reactions like enzymes do, while avoiding their difficulties of use such as a limited stability under certain protocols
Mustière, Romain. "Synthèse de nouvelles thiénopyrimidinones et analogues à visée antiplasmodiale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0109.
Full textMalaria is a parasitic disease caused by protozoan of the Plasmodium genus and transmitted by the infective bite of female mosquitoes of the Anopheles genus. According to the World Health Organization in 2019, malaria reached 241 million cases of malaria and 627,000 deaths. Treatments are based on artemisinin-based combination therapies, but their effectiveness is declining since the emergence of resistant strains of Plasmodium in South-East Asia. New antimalarial drugs capable of acting on the different stages of the parasite with innovative mechanisms of action are therefore rapidly needed. Compound M1, in thienopyrimidinone series, acting on all parasite stages of P. falciparum with an unknown mechanism of action was discovered in 2015 in the laboratory. However, its in vivo activity in mice is limited by high sensitivity to hepatic metabolism and low aqueous solubility. To improve these parameters and complete the structure-activity relationship data, medicinal chemistry work was done on compound M1. The work of this thesis is focused on two axes: the modulation of position 6 of the thienopyrimidinone ring using palladium-catalyzed couplings and the synthesis of analogues by scaffold hopping strategy. The synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antiplasmodial activity (blood stage) and cytotoxicity. The best compounds were tested for their activity on the hepatic stage of malaria and their metabolic stability to identify a molecule suitable for the in vivo evaluation in an infected animal model
Danappe, Sophie. "Synthèse de nouveaux analogues de nucléosides à motifs cyclobutylidénique." Le Mans, 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA1013.pdf.
Full textThis work presents the synthesis of new carbocyclic nucleosides analogs, as potential antiviral and antitumoral agents. In these compounds, whereby the sugar moiety was substituted by a methylene cyclobutane unit. In the first part of our study, the biological interests of nucleosides analogs against HIV, herpes, hepatisis B and cancer are exposed. In the aim of finding more active and more selective molecules, new carbocyclic compounds have been developed over the last 20 years, based on structure-activity relationships and on prodrug strategies as will be presented in chapter 2. In the present work 16 new analogs containing methylene cyclobutane unit (type I and II) have been synthesized. Wittig and Peterson reactions with the known protected 2-hydroxycyclobutanone gave (E)- and (Z)-derivatives respectively. After functional modifications, the heterocyclic bases were introduced under Mitsunobu conditions with total regioselectivity providing the target products in good overall yields. Enantiopure analogs I were also obtained by enantioselective acylation of a alcohol intermediate, using Pseudomonas Fluorescens lipase. This enzyme enabled the production of chiral compounds with excellent enantiomeric excess. Finally we attempted to synthesize new analogs with axial chirality, via a cross metathesis coupling between a substituted methylene cyclobutane and a terminal olefine, in which heterocyclic moieties were introduced by a Tsuji-Trost reaction. The first results were very encouraging but the final analogs have not been yet obtained
Rosa, Alvarenga Flavia Cristina. "Synthèse de nouveaux analogues de nucléosides potentiellement antiviraux." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAV068/document.
Full textThe synthetic analogues of the natural 2’-deoxyribonucleosides, linked by phosphodiester groups in nucleic acids, constitute major classes of antiviral and anticancer drugs. Such nucleosides act as “prodrugs” disturbing the biosynthesis of nucleic acids after phosphorylation. Searching for new antiviral drugs, the aim of this work was the synthesis of new modified nucleosides analogues of 2’-deoxyadenosine and -guanosine also analogues of aciclovir and its derivatives (vanciclovir, ganciclovir…) widely used for Herpes treatment. In the first works in adenine and guanine series, the cyclic analogues in which the base and a side chain introduced at position 9 of the base are linked at position 8 by an oxygen atom could not be obtained. Four cyclic analogues in the guanine series were prepared in which the base and the 9-side chain are linked at position 8 are either linked by a heteroatom (synthesized by nucleophilic substitution) or by a carbon-carbon bond (synthesized by free radical reaction). The evaluation of the antiviral activity of these compounds is underway
Charton, Isabelle. "Hétérocycles oxygénés et analogues soufres : synthèse et activité biologique en tant que ligands mélatoninergiques." Orléans, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ORLE2035.
Full textGuillarme, Stéphane. "Synthèse de nouveaux nucléosides acycliques : étude de la réaction de substitution allylique sur des dérivés cyclobuténiques : approche vers la synthèse de nucléosides cyclobuténiques." Le Mans, 2002. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2002/2002LEMA1009.pdf.
Full textThis work deals with the synthesis of acyclic and carbocyclic nucleosides as potential antiviral and antitumoral compounds. In the first part of our study, acyclic nucleosides, analogues of penciclovir, have been prepared by conjugate addition of nucleobases on different Michael acceptors. With this unusual way of synthesis of acyclic nucleosides, deaza nucleobases which are low nucleophile have been incorporated. Addition of nucleobases on Michael acceptors have generally proceeded with good regioselectivity. The regioselectivity has been elucidated by NMR studies, using the 2D experiment HMBC. Nucleosides have been tested for their antiviral and antitumoral properties. Two of them have an anti-herpes activity. In the second part, the synthesis of acyclic nucleosides containing a methylene group have been described. Nucleobases have been introduced by a substitution reaction on a compound containing a leaving group. Some problems of regioselectivity have been noticed with purines. In the last part of our work, we have studied the allylic substitution reaction catalysed by palladium on cyclobutene derivatives. We have showed the first example of nucleophile substitution on π-allylic cyclobutene-based complexes. The cyclobutene derivatives were synthesised and were then opposed to different nucleophiles. With few nucleophiles, cyclobutene compounds were not isolated but only its isomers obtained by thermal ring-opening of the cyclobutene. Configuration of dienes was proved by NOE experiments. The regioselectivity of the reaction has been also approached. Cyclobutene-based nucleosides could be prepared by this reaction using nucleobases as nucleophiles
Pichon, Nicolas. "Systèmes diéniques oxygénés en cycloaddition [4+2] : synthèse de nouveaux analogues d'inhibiteurs de la farnésyltransférase. Synthèse et réactivité de diènes 1,2,3,4-trioxygénés." Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUES061.
Full textJacquemet, Alicia. "Synthèse stéréosélective d'analogues de lipides d'archaea : chiralité et auto-organisation supramoléculaire." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S017.
Full textLipid extracted from Archaea domain comprised exclusively of extremophilic organisms present an atypical molecular structure (tetraether type component, substituted chains, cyclopentane rings, unnatural stereochemistry, monolayer organization). These bipolar lipids demonstrate higher chemical and enzymatic stability in comparison with conventional lipids. In order to establish relationships between their specific molecular structures and their supramolecular organization, we designed and synthesized several tetraether archaeal lipid analogues. The physico-chemical evaluation of the archaeal lipids synthesized at air/water interface and in aqueous media allowed us to discuss the influence of the cyclopentane configuration on self-organization abilities, nature and properties of the supramolecular assemblies
Terme, Nolwenn. "Synthèse et études à l’interface air/eau de nouveaux analogues de lipides d’Archaea." Rennes, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENCR0013.
Full textArchaeal membrane lipids are mainly responsible for the remarkable ability of these organisms to live under harsh environment. The structural features of these lipids (ether linkage, branched chains, atypical stereochemistry and presence of cyclopentane) provide a high chemical, enzymatic and physical stability to the membrane. These lipids are studied to determine structure/property relationships existing within the membrane. New archaeal lipid analogue synthesis and characterisations at the air/water interface are described in this work. Our aim was to determine the structure/property relationships involved by several different structural features. In the first bibliographic chapter, we remind natural archaeal lipid structures extracted from these extremophilic organisms. Particular look focus on the 1,3- disubstituted cyclopentane included in these lipids. The second chapter deals with the synthetic strategy developed to access new analogues. A distinction will be made between structures where cyclopentane absolute stereochemistry is uncontrolled and structures strictly enantio-enriched. Studies of the synthetic archaeal lipid structure self-organisation at the air/water interface are the subjects of the third chapter. On the basis of physicochemical analyses performed (tensiometry, ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy), the self-organisation properties of pure lipids or of mixtures of lipids are discussed. These studies allowed us to demonstrate the influence of the polar head, the influence of the cyclopentane and glycerol moiety configuration and the influence of the mixture compositions on natures and properties of supramolecular objects formed at the air/water interface