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1
Frazier, Adam M. "The Geography of Polynesians in Utah." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1997. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTAF,7966.
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2
Christiansen, Lurlene. "Catch the wahine and win (re) addressing the Polynesian : this exegesis [thesis] is submitted to the Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the degree of Masters of Art and Design, 2003." Full thesis. Abstract, 2003.
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3
Poa, Nicola. "Molecular Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes in New Zealand Polynesians." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/692.
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The risk of developing type 2 diabetes is four fold higher in New Zealand(NZ) Polynesians compared to Caucasians. Hence diabetes is more prevalent in Maori (16.5% of the general population) and Pacific Island people (10.1%) compared to NZ Caucasians (9.3%). It is generally accepted that type 2 diabetes has major genetic determinants and heterozygous mutations in a number of genes have previously been identified in some subsets of type 2 diabetes and certain ethnic groups. The high prevalence of diabetes in NZ Polynesians, when compared with NZ Caucasians, after controlling for age, income and body mass index (BMI), suggest that genes may be important in this population. Therefore, the prevalence of allelic variations in the genes encoding amylin and insulin promoter factor-1 (IPF-1), and exon 2 of the hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α (HNF-1α) gene in NZ Polynesians with type 2 diabetes was determined. These genes are known to produce type 2 diabetes in other populations. The genes investigated were screened for mutations by PCR amplification and direct sequencing of promoter regions, exons and adjacent intronic sequences from genomic DNA. DNA was obtained from 146 NZ Polynesians (131 Maori and 15 Pacific Island) with type 2 diabetes and 387 NZ Polynesian non-diabetic control subjects (258 Maori and 129 Pacific Island). Sequences were compared to previously published sequences in the National Centre for Biotechnology Information database. Allelic variations in IPF-1 and exon 2 of the HNF-1α gene were not associated with type 2 diabetes in NZ Polynesians. However, in the amylin gene, two new and one previously described allele was identified in the Maori population including: two alleles in the promoter region (-132G>A and -215T>G), and a missense mutation in exon 3 (QlOR). The -215T>G allele was observed in 5.4% and l% of type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic Maori respectively, and predisposed the carrier to diabetes with a relative risk of 7.23. The -215T>G allele was inherited with a previously described amylin promoter polymorphism(-230A>C) in 3% of Maori with type 2 diabetes, which suggests linkage equilibrium exists between these two alleles. Both Q10R and -132G>A were observed in 0.76% of type 2 diabetic patients and were absent in non-diabetic subjects. Together these allelic variations may account for approximately 7% of type 2 diabetes in Maori. These results suggest that the amylin gene maybe an important candidate marker gene for type 2 diabetes in Maori.
4
Allen, Melinda S. "Dynamic landscapes and human subsistence : archaeological investigations on Aitutaki Island, southern Cook Oslands /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6437.
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5
Igarashi, Yuriko. "Subsistence activities of prehistoric Polynesians : Analyses of shell artifacts and shell remains excavated at prehistoric sites on Mangaia, Cook Islands." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/86282.
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6
Leach, Wendy Nicole. "Alaskan Eskimo and Polynesian Island population skeletal anatomy the "Pacific paradox" revisited through surface area to body mass comparisons /." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-12152006-100028/.
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7
Nauta, Melanie. "Walt Disney’s Moana, “We are Polynesia” : A CDA of Disney’s representation of the Polynesian culture inside Moana." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40639.
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Disney is known for their family animation movies with a non-western or indigenous cultural background. Nevertheless, Disney is basically very influential for the perception of cultures by a global audience. Many studies have proven that Disney’s depiction of a certain represented culture has not always been that clean. Of course two side notes are that Disney does make movies from an American dominant perspective and second, there is no such thing as a ‘real’ or ‘correct’ culture. Now, with the movie Moana freshly released in 2016, Disney took a step in the indigenous Polynesian culture. This research uses a thorough Critical Discourse Analysis to analyse how Disney portrays Polynesia and the Polynesian culture inside four selected samples of the movie Moana. This analysis is combined with the theories and concepts of Americanisation, Disneyfication and cultural appropriation to find out mixtures of the portrayed Polynesian culture with American and Disney values. Interesting findings were that Disney indeed portrays a hotchpotch of many cultures that can be found in Polynesia. Disney took care of highlighting the culture in the general storyline, in the characters and in the small details. Disney uses details of Polynesian mythology and the history around the ancient voyagers and wayfinding techniques for the storyline. What Disney emphasises is the importance of family, their history and their culture. Disney always portrays the culture with a certain emission of power and pride. However, the American dominancy is still noticeable. For example, the depiction of the coconut and the plumeria flower are signs of Americanised Polynesia. The American and Disney values are all visible during the whole movie and can be found in quotes, gestures and behaviour of characters as Moana, the ocean and demigod Maui. Especially Maui is being portrayed as the ‘American dominant hero’ even though Maui is considered to be a honoured and popular Polynesian demigod.
8
Tapuni, Nooroa. "The return of the Polynesian Phantom." AUT University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/914.
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This research project, Return of the Polynesian Phantom, investigates self-portraiture through the mediums of moving image, digital modeling, object making, and installation. It seeks to consider in these media an ambiguous threshold between lightness and darkness, the real and the fabricated. The proposition that it explores is that it is at such ambiguous thresholds that notions of identity are negotiated, and where the perception and interpretation of symbolic meaning renders identity phantom.
9
Christodoulou, Constantine. "A critical dictionary of Herman Melville's Polynesian terms." Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4823.
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The dissertation is divided into five chapters and focuses primarily on MelvilleâÂÂs
Typee, Omoo, Mardi, and Moby Dick.
Chapter I introduces the idea that Melville understood Polynesian better than
what critics have demonstrated, and that he used the Polynesian language to develop his
own multicultural aesthetic.
Chapter II discusses how Melville attempts to resolve his aesthetic
preoccupations by opening his narratives to the literary potential of the Polynesian
language. The chapter examines representative examples of the orthographic
idiosyncrasies of MelvilleâÂÂs Polynesian adoptions and adaptations which describe his
new literary aesthetic. The chapter also investigates how MelvilleâÂÂs Polynesian aesthetic
affects the construction of meaning in his texts. The chapter finally discusses examples
of past editorial choices which have sidestepped MelvilleâÂÂs Polynesian aesthetic and,
thus, provided readers with a limited understanding of the Polynesian languageâÂÂs role in
MelvilleâÂÂs texts. Chapter III analyzes samples of MelvilleâÂÂs Polynesian adoptions and adaptations
from the above narratives to emphasize the role of the Polynesian language in his Pacific
experience. This chapterâÂÂs intention is to underline the interaction between MelvilleâÂÂs
Polynesian language and culture and his texts, which engendered a complex
multicultural aesthetic that permeated his first three works, continued to influence his
later writings, and contributed significantly to his cosmopolitan vision of American
cultural identity.
Chapter IV contains the dictionary, which incorporates approximately two
hundred entries. Each entry is divided into four sections. The first is a series of quotes
from MelvilleâÂÂs texts that illustrate the various meanings that Melville has given to the
term being examined. The second is a list of definitions from various dialects, intended
to underline the various Polynesian linguistic elements that Melville adopted or adapted
to construct each particular term. The third is an interpretative paragraph that explains
how each term is divided into its constituent parts based on MelvilleâÂÂs aesthetic. The
fourth section contains specific quotes from other sources of the particular term that
underline the significance of that source to MelvilleâÂÂs knowledge of the particular term.
Chapter V concludes with the idea that this dissertation is meant as a starting
guide to reexamining MelvilleâÂÂs Polynesian aesthetic.
10
Parkes, Annette. "Holocene environments and vegetational change on four Polynesian islands." Thesis, University of Hull, 1994. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5716.
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The specific research objectives of this study are: to look at environmental changes that have occurred on several Pacific island systems from the pre- to post-settlement periods; to see whether the observed changes are natural or anthropogenic; to test the latest Polynesian settlement theory; and to contribute to the understanding of the vegetation history on these islands. This study reports the results of stratigraphic investigations from four Polynesian sediment sequences. The sediments of Lakes Lanoto'o (Upolu), Roto (Atiu), Temae (Mo'orea) and Vaihiria (Tahiti) have revealed a history of environmental and vegetational change during the Holocene, which include long-term climatic variations affecting broad scale vegetation changes on Upolu and Atiu; long term sea-level change influencing the local environment and vegetation on Atiu; localised disruption of vegetation in the Vaihiria basin of Tahiti resulting from natural landslides; and finally, major changes in local environment due to human activity, evident on all of the islands. Records from Lake Lanoto'o and Lake Roto extend into the early Holocene and span both pre- and post-settlement periods, with the latter providing a continuous vegetation record from around 9000 yr BP. Sequences from Lakes Temae and Vaihiria originated in the late Holocene; the Temae record also spans the estimated period of Polynesian expansion into the Society Islands and, consequently provides some insight into the nature of indigenous floras. Modifications attributed to human activity were recognised in the Lanoto'o catchment from 2425±70 yr BP (512 BC). Initial settlement of the Lake Roto basin has been dated from 1420±45 yr BP (AD 640), while a 1210±90 yr BP (AD 790) record of human influence has been determined from the Mo'orea sequence. Fossil pollen records indicate that Polynesian settlers modified the natural vegetation and encouraged the growth of open scrub and fernlands. However, declines in several primary forest plants, previously associated with anthropogenic deforestation, appear to have resulted from natural causes during pre-settlement times. The presence of coconut pollen in two of the lake sequences, dated at -8600 yr BP in Atiu and prior to 1400 yr BP in Mo'orea, strongly suggests that the dispersal of this palm was by natural, as opposed to human agents, in contrast to previous theories. The Polynesian settlement date for Atiu, which is earlier than any previous archaeological records, is in conflict with the views behind the "Orthodox Scenario" of prehistoric settlement, and necessitates a re-think of this theory.
11
Calhoun, Andrew. "Systematic Patterning of Sediments in French Polynesian Coral Reef Systems." NSUWorks, 2016. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/406.
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Through a discipline termed “comparative sedimentology”, modern carbonate depositional environments have been used extensively as analogs to aid in the interpretation of equivalent fossil systems. Using field samples, GIS and remote sensing data for three isolated carbonate platforms in the Pacific, this thesis seeks to examine relationships between grain texture and grain type and their environment of deposition. The motivation is to highlight relationships that have the potential to better understand facies relations on carbonate platforms, and thereby reduce uncertainty and increase accuracy of subsurface exploration. The results of this study show that on Raivavae, Tubuai, and Bora Bora: French Polynesia grain texture and type of collected sediment samples could be used to predict water depth and relative distance lagoonward from the reef rim with ≥ 73% and ≥ 67% accuracy, respectively. The predictive relationships; however, were largely site specific. The exception being that the same relationship between water depth and the abundance of mud and coral could be used on both Raivavae (accuracy = 81%) and Tubuai (accuracy = 78%). Additionally, the abundance of coral and Halimeda in sediment samples were able to classify samples as belonging to either the platform margin or platform interior environments on Raivavae, Tubuai, and Bora Bora with 75%, 65%, and 65% accuracy, respectively. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the abundance of coral holds potential to be utilized as a proxy for distance from the reef rim on modern and ancient isolated carbonate platforms dating back to the Miocene geological epoch.
12
Kottmann, Ilka, and n/a. "Te Waka! Life histories of two contemporary Polynesian voyaging canoes." University of Otago. Department of Anthropology, 2001. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070517.130329.
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This thesis concerns the life-histories of the two contemporary Polynesian vovaging canoes from Aotearoa New Zealand. It documents the background, construction and voyages of Hawaiki Nui (1979 - 1986) built by Matahi Whakataka-Brightwell and Te Aurere (1992 - 1998) built by Hekenukumai Puhipi Busby. It also highlights the historical and cultural significance of waka for Maori and other indigenous Pacific peoples.
Based on my field work as a participant in Maori voyaging between 1996 and 1998, I argue that this revival of waka voyaging reaffirms the cultural identities of contemporary Maori and other Polynesians. The case studies of Hawaiki Nui and Te Aurere confirm the ongoing significance of waka not only in Aotearoa New Zealand, but Pacific-wide. Contemporary Polynesian waka voyaging is historically significant as it revives unique Polynesian skills, such as traditional waka-building, navigation and sailing techniques. It is also culturally significant, as it reinforces central Maori (and Polynesian) cultural concepts, such as whakapapa (genealogy ties) and whanaungatanga (sense of belonging).
At a time when Maori(as well as other indigenous Pacific peoples) are constantly negotiating and redefining their cultural boundaries within their respective socio-political contexts, Polynesian voyaging waka are reappearing as a strong symbol of Pacific Islanders� cultural identities. As a symbol of a shared seafaring past they create timeless platforms for Maori and other Polynesians to negotiate the boundaries of their cultures.
13
Delsing, Maria Riet. "Articulating Rapa Nui : Polynesian cultural politics in Latin American nation-state /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2009. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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14
Earl, Emma. "Brand New Zealanders: The Commodification of Polynesian Youth Identity in bro'Town." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Journalism and Mass Communication, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1036.
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Maori and Pacific Island youth are the 'it kids' of Aotearoa New Zealand television today, as the exceptional success of the television series bro'Town attests. Corporate sponsors clamour to associate their brands with the hit programme, from international heavyweights including Coke and Vodafone to local players such as G-Force. Likewise, celebrities from at home and abroad proclaim their support for bro'Town in guest appearances on the show. But, what is at stake when the visibility of Polynesian youth in the media is so inextricably intertwined with the commercial imperatives of major corporations and pop-culture celebrities? This paper attends to an absence of critical response regarding the role of commercial influences in the representation of Polynesian youth identity in bro'Town. In striving to be popular, contemporary television in Aotearoa New Zealand often addresses the preconceptions of its target audience. The commodification of Polynesian youth identity in bro'Town, therefore, may be interpreted as a marketing strategy to tap into a popular ideological shift towards multiculturalism in Aotearoa New Zealand without disrupting the dominant ideology of white, middle-class masculinity from which capitalism derives. Although bro'Town offers specific challenges to popular stereotypes of Polynesian youth culture, the discursive construction of Maori and Pacific youth identities in the show is still circumscribed by a consumerist ethos that demands adherence to Western capitalist culture in Aotearoa New Zealand. Bro'Town operates in complicity with pre-existing binaries between masculinity/femininity and heterosexual/homosexual and thus implicitly reinscribes the status quo for youth in Aotearoa New Zealand today. Moreover, bro'Town's multicultural ethic is largely contrary because the series fails to contest popular stereotypes about other ethnic minorities. In Brand New Zealanders, it is argued that the corporate co-option of Polynesian youth culture in bro'Town ultimately does less to pry open new discursive spaces for the development of youth identity than to operate as a vehicle for the deliberate shrinking of consumer choice.
15
Aiono, Melissa Lynn. "Psychological Well-Being Among Latter-day Saint Polynesian American Emerging Adults." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6709.
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There is a dearth of psychological research with Polynesian populations in the United States Research on this population is needed to meet the demands of this increasingly growing population. This study aims to investigate the psychological well-being of an understudied Latter-day Saint (LDS) Polynesian American emerging adult group in order to better provide them with cultural-specific professional psychological services. The sample included 327 LDS Polynesian American emerging adults ranging from 18 to 26 years of age (191 females, 136 males). Specifically, this study examines the associations among coping strategies, religiosity, ethnic identity, depression, anxiety, and self-esteem. An online questionnaire was used to collect the necessary data. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and path analyses were conducted to examine relationships among variables. The results yield findings that are unique to this specific population. This study's results found family support, religiosity, and ethnic identity to be influential among LDS Polynesian emerging adults with regards to their psychological well-being. As this study mentions, identifying and recognizing the influential cultural values on well-being for this population can contribute to assisting mental health professionals provide culturally sensitive and appropriate interventions for their LDS Polynesian American emerging adult clients.
16
Mateata-Allain, Kareva. "Bridging our sea of islands French Polynesian literature within the Oceanic context." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2006. http://d-nb.info/989099768/04.
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17
Rakena, Te Oti. "The synthesis of Polynesian and western traditions in contemporary New Zealand composers /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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18
Barriga, Maria Daniela. "Does Race Matter? School Decision Making Among White, Latino, and Polynesian Families." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6833.
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Low-income parents value excellent schools, yet often enroll their children in low-performing schools. The literature is inconclusive when examining how low-income families go through school choice decisions. It is important to understand the school decision-making process among different racial groups because choosing a good school improves later academic outcomes. Choosing a good elementary school is especially important because this is a critical period in a child's development and can affect performance in subsequent educational institutions. I am interested in understanding how race/ethnicity shapes how low-income parents make decisions about schools. Using interview data from an extensive qualitative study, I examine differences and similarities among white, Latino, and Polynesian parents' values of school quality and how they use those values to make school decisions for their children. By keeping social class constant, I delve into racial differences not previously discussed in the literature. I find racial distinctions among values and priorities in school decision-making. Ignoring these differences will create obstacles for policymakers and school administrators attempting to make a quality education available to children who come from disadvantaged backgrounds.
19
Vaai, Sina Mary Theresa, and n/a. "Literary representations in western Polynesia : colonialism and indigeneity." University of Canberra. Communication, Media & Tourism, 1995. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061109.163049.
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Images of Oceania and Polynesia have traditionally been exoticised and
romanticised by Western representations of a "paradise" populated by primitive
natives with grass skirts and ukuleles. However, the movement towards
political independence in the 1960s and 1970s has seen the emergence of a
corpus of indigenous representations that depict and portray the real situation.
These indigenous representations speak of subjugation and moreover testify to
the debilitating effects colonialism has on cultural identities.
The geographical area covered by this thesis is Western Polynesia,
specifically the Pacific Island nations of Fiji, Tonga and Western Samoa and is
concerned with literary representations.
The thesis examines significant developments and trends in the
creative writing of indigenous and migrant writers in these three countries of
Western Polynesia: Western Samoa, Tonga and Fiji, seeing these literary
representations from within as a writing out of multi-faceted aspects of the
shifting identities of Pacific peoples in a post-colonial world.
The introduction focuses on the historical colonial/post-colonial context
of Western Polynesian writing and the socio-political imperatives for change
which have had an impact on these writers and the texts they have produced. It
also discusses the literary and anthropological representation of these
Islanders from the 'outside', from the perspective of a European hegemonic
self, forming the 'orientalist' stereotypes against which the initial texts written by
the Pacific's colonised 'others' in the early 1970's reacted so strongly. Chapter
One sets out the conceptual framework within which these texts will be
discussed and analysed, beginning with indigenous and local concepts which
indigenous and migrant Pacific Islanders use to connect and accommodate
different 'ways of seeing' this representative body of literature, then moving on
to other theorists concerned with literary representation and post-coloniality.
Chapters Two to Nine explore the writing of these three countries,
beginning with the fiction of Albert Wendt, one of the major writers from
Western Polynesia who has an established regional and international literary
reputation, and then progressing to focus on other selected representative
writers of the three countries, including those in the early stages of attempting
publication.
The thesis concludes by discussing the texts from all three countries and
tying them together in the various thematic strands of cultural clash, the
widening of borders, the quest for self-definition and national identity in the
contemporary Pacific, reiterating major points and examining possible future
directions in Western Polynesian writing.
The study takes an interdisciplinary approach to the critical analysis of
Western Polynesian literature, maintaining the importance of seeing them as
important forms of cultural communication in post-colonial contexts, as literary
representations from the inside, writing out of a cultural consciousness which
values the various 'pasts' of Polynesia as definitive 'maps' which provide the
grids and bridges which Pacific Islanders in this part of Oceania can utilise to
mediate their experiences and articulate their identities, to fit the widening
boundaries of the Pacific into a post-colonial global context.
20
Teissier, Yoann. "Metapopulation dynamics of dengue epidemics in French Polynesia." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB008.
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La dengue circule en Polynésie française sur un mode épidémique depuis plus de 35 ans. Néanmoins, en dépit de la taille relativement faible de la population de Polynésie française, la circulation de la dengue peut persister à de faibles niveaux pendant de nombreuses années. L’objectif de ce travail de thèse est de déterminer si l'épidémiologie de la dengue dans le système insulaire de la Polynésie française répond aux critères d’un contexte de métapopulation. Après avoir constitué une base de données regroupant les cas de dengue répertoriés sur les 35 dernières années, nous avons réalisé des analyses épidémiologiques descriptives et statistiques. Celles-ci ont révélé des disparités spatio-temporelles distinctes pour l’incidence de la dengue des archipels et des îles, mais la structure de l'épidémie globale à l’échelle de la Polynésie française pour un même sérotype ne semble pas être affectée. Les analyses de la métapopulation ont révélé l'incidence asynchrone de la dengue dans un grand nombre d’îles. Celle-ci s’observe plus particulièrement par la différence de dynamique de l’incidence entre les îles plus peuplées et celles ayant une population plus faible. La taille critique de la communauté nécessaire à la persistance de la dengue n’est même pas atteinte par la plus grande île de Polynésie Française, Tahiti. Ce résultat suggère que la dengue peut uniquement persister grâce à sa propagation d’île en île. L'incorporation de la connectivité des îles à travers des modèles de migration humaine dans un modèle mathématique a produit une dynamique de la dengue davantage en adéquation avec les données observées, que les tentatives de modélisation traitant la population dans son ensemble. Le modèle de la métapopulation a été capable de simuler la même dynamique que les cas de dengue observés pour l'épidémie et la transmission endémique qui a suivi pour la période de 2001 à 2008. Des analyses complémentaires sur la différenciation de l'incidence de la maladie et de l'infection seront probablement instructives pour affiner le modèle de métapopulation de l'épidémiologie de la dengue en Polynésie françaiseDengue has been epidemic in French Polynesia for the past 35 years. Despite the relatively small population size in French Polynesia, dengue does not disappear and can persist at low levels for many years. In light of the large number of islands comprising French Polynesia, this thesis addresses the extent to which a metapopulation context may be the most appropriate to describe the epidemiology and persistence of dengue in this case. After compiling a database of dengue cases over the last 35 years, we used a number of descriptive and statistical epidemiological analyses that revealed distinct spatio-temporal disparity in dengue incidence for archipelago and islands. But the global structure of the epidemics of the same serotype were not affected. Metapopulation analyses revealed asynchronous dengue incidence among many of the islands and most notably larger islands lagged behind the smaller islands. The critical community size, which determines dengue persistence, was found to exceed even the largest island of Tahiti, suggesting that dengue can only exist by island-hopping. Incorporation of island connectedness through patterns of human migration into a mathematical model enabled a much better fit to the observed data than treating the population as a whole. The metapopulation model was able to capture to some extent the epidemic and low level transmission dynamics observed for the period of 2001-2008. Further analyses on differentiating incidence of disease and infection will likely prove informative for the metapopulation model of dengue epidemiology in French Polynesia
21
Roberts, Mere. "The ecological parasitology of the Polynesian rat (Rattus exulans) on Tiritiri Matangi Island." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1902.
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This thesis presents a descriptive and a functional analysis of the ecology of an island host-parasite system consisting of the Polynesian rat, Rattus exulans (Peale) and its gut helminths. The results, which include an historical perspective, are presented in the form of 7 papers or sections. Each of these examines a particular aspect of this host-parasite relationship. A review of the origin and an update of the theorised dispersal of this rat from Southeast Asia to New Zealand is given in the first section of chapter one. Previous theories have derived the New Zealand populations from a line which passed through Micronesia. In accordance with new information from the Lapita cultural assemblage, this rat is now theorised to have accompanied these "Lapita" peoples through the Bismarck Archipelago and Solomon Islands, arriving in the Tonga- Samoa region about 3600-3000 Before Present (B.P.). From here, the Proto- Polynesians then dispersed further east, taking with them the commensal R. exulans, pig, dog, and chicken. This rat is thus thought to have arrived in New Zealand, the most southern and last-settled landmass in Polynesia, in the canoes of the Maori about 1000 years ago. Information on the ecto- and endoparasites of the Polynesian rat from throughout its geographical range is collated and presented in section two. This includes the results of the two surveys (one being part of this thesis) done on the parasites of this rat in New Zealand. All populations of R. exulans sampled in these two surveys came from offshore islands, to which this rat is almost totally confined, and where, on many, it is the only rodent species present. In contrast, most of the populations sampled beyond New Zealand are now sympatric with other rodent species. For the New Zealand populations only, it was also possible to identify those parasites only accidentally associated with this host; these are listed as "transients". In section three, an attempt is made to determine the probable biogeographical origins of parasites recorded from populations of this rat on "exulans only" offshore islands of New Zealand. Such a study was possible only because of the archaeologically documented commensal relationship between rat and Polynesian man. This information, detailed in section one, together with the parasitological data base assembled in section two, provided the material for this analysis. Several "heirloom" species are identified, theorised to have been inherited by this rat during speciation somewhere in Island Southeast Asia. Parasites acquired during dispersal are divided into "old" and "new souvenirs"; the former are thought to have been acquired from sympatric rodent species in Near Oceania sometime prior to 3000 B.P., and the latter from R. rattus, R. norvegicus or Mus musculus introduced in the last 200 years during European settlement in New Zealand. The conclusions further suggest that some at least of the "new souvenir" species have been acquired by R. exulans on "exulans only" offshore islands of New Zealand by cross-transfer from other rodent species which have temporarily gained access to these islands. This theory is examined in more detail in the fourth section, and reports of such accidental colonizations of offshore islands are presented as supporting evidence. In Chapter two, the influence of habitat on the population demography of the host is investigated. Nearly 1000 rats were trapped and necropsied over a 17 month period in three different habitats on Tiritiri Matangi, an "exulans only" island at the entrance to the Auckland harbour. Rank grassland which covers most of this island formed one habitat; a second consisted of forest remnants confined to gullies, and the third consisted of the small, inhabitated, lighthouse station and farmed area at one end of the island. Between-habitat differences were observed in diet, adult longevity, mean weight of immatures, the time of onset of sexual maturation, and annual reproductive output. These results suggested several modifications to existing models of this host's demography in New Zealand. Shelter in particular appears to play an important role in the demography of this species in temperate latitudes. The effects of parasitism on potential fitness parameters e.g. reproduction, and adult mortality/survival, are examined in chapter three. Based on the results obtained in chapter two, a number of hypotheses were developed, and the predictions arising from these were tested. Few significant results were obtained; these revealed habitat and some sexual interactions with the level of infection, at certain times of the year. However, no causal relationship could be established between these effects and host reproduction or mortality. It is concluded that the helminth parasites of this rat on this island have little or no effect on these host parameters, and support the suggestion that these species constitute a depauperate and well-adapted rodent parasite fauna. The last chapter presents the results of an analysis of the effects of habitat, season, host age, and sex on the distribution and abundance of the helminths of this rat on this island. Together, the graphs and the statistical analyses demonstrate that habitat has the most important influence, significantly affecting all 7 species; this effect is of greater magnitude than the other 3 variables on 5/7 of these species. Season and age also have important effects, while sex had no apparent influence. Explanations for the observed patterns are sought in known aspects of the biology of the host in the three habitats described in chapter two, and in the life cycles of the parasites. In total, this thesis provides a comprehensive account of the ecology of the Polynesian rat and its helminth parasites on Tiritiri Matangi Island. It also identifies gaps in the existing data base, formulates certain hypotheses, and makes a number of predictions all of which will hopefully stimulate further interest in this rat and its parasites.
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Keung, Sierra Terina. "Examining Academic Performance of Polynesian Student-Athletes Using the Theory of Planned Behavior." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4223.
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This study used Ajzen's (1991) Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explore Polynesian student-athletes' motivation to improve academic performance (AP), while participating in Division I (D1) college football. Specifically, this study examined how attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control influence motivation to achieve a higher GPA. Furthermore, ethnic identity, family obligation and cultural values were examined as potential contributors to subjective norms. The sample consisted of 70 Polynesian football student-athletes at 10 U.S. D1 universities. A modified TPB questionnaire was used to assess the TPB variables (attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) as contributors to Polynesian football student-athletes academic, athletic, and career motivation toward achieving a higher GPA. A factor analysis indicated family obligation and cultural values were contributors to subjective norm. Further, a stepwise regression analysis indicated subjective norm was a consistent predictor of academic, athletic, and career motivation. Positive relationships were also found between perceived behavioral control and athletic motivation, as well as, attitude and academic motivation. Although AP was not predicted in this study, findings highlight the impact of Polynesian football student-athletes perceived social pressure from family and culture on their academic, athletic, and career motivations. Findings provide implications for advisors, administrators, and scholars.
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Botella, Albéric. "Past and Future Sea-Level Changes in French Polynesia." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33392.
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Among the various adverse effects of climate change, sea-level rise is expected to increase the severity and frequency of flooding events impacting the vulnerable, low-lying islands of French Polynesia. It has long been understood that sea-level changes are not spatially uniform, yet this aspect is not taken into account in the decision-making. Notably, no projections of future sea level have been produced specifically for this region so far, partly because the processes driving sea-level changes remain poorly constrained. To approach the issue, we present a detailed reconstruction of sea-level changes for the mid-to-late Holocene, based on the observation of coral proxies. This dataset is then used to calibrate a sea-level model in order to estimate the contribution of glacial isostatic adjustment to regional sea-level changes and to infer past variations in global ice volume. Building upon this baseline and exploiting recent outputs of climate models, we project that in a “worst-case” scenario, sea level would rise 1.05 meters by 2100 in French Polynesia, exceeding the value adopted in the French adaptation strategy by 0.45 meters. We conclude that spatial variability of sea-level rise should be considered in future risk studies for this and other regions.
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Ewart, Rebecca Elizabeth. "Translation, interpretation and otherness : Polynesia in French travel literature." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.680152.
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This thesis seeks to explore French travel literature on Polynesia as a form of translation. It analyses how travel writers interpret and textualize their experiences of the foreign culture in order to create a version of Polyneslan otherness. Following on from Lawrence Venuti's theory of foreignization and domestication, it is assumed that all translations necessarily manipulate the source culture into forms that are determined by the receiving culture, and that fidelity to an original is, therefore, impossible. Ethical potential is considered to lie in a translation that goes against the norms of translation present In the receiving culture in respect of Polynesia. The thesis identifies the emergence of over-determined narratives relating to Polynesia in late eighteenth and mid-nineteenth-century French travel literature. It shows how this body of work engaged with pre-existing narratives surrounding New-World cultures and dreams of a utopian south em continent, and considers the emergence of a dominant version of Polynesia closely linked to notions of an earthly paradise. In relation to the tradition of translation established in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the thesis studies the translation strategies employed by Pierre Loti in 'Le Mariage de Loti' (1880) and Victor Segalen in 'Les Immemoriaux' (1907). It demonstrates their seminal status as works that set trends for translating Polynesia, in terms of both reinforcing translation norms and subverting them. Finally, the thesis investigates the afterlives of Loti and Segalen's texts, as they appear in operatic adaptations ('Lakme' (1883) and 'L'ile du reve' (189B)), translations Into English, twentieth-century travel literature (Loti), and in indigenous Polynesian writing (Segalen).
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Thimm, Tatjana. "Kultureller Wandel in Französisch-Polynesien vor dem Hintergrund ausländischer Einflussnahme und endogener Entwicklung Ausgangssituation für nachhaltige Tourismusprojekte der indigenen Bevölkerung der Maohi /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/diss/2001/thimm/thimm.pdf.
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Abdul, Hadi Nurul Ikhlas. "Mothers, lovers others : an evolutionary analysis of womanhood in Western Malayo-Polynesian oral traditions." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16876/.
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This thesis is the first to study female characters from Western Malayo-Polynesian oral tradition. It is also the first to apply an evolutionary literary analysis to these stories. The aim was to analyse the life history cycle of women as portrayed in oral stories from the Western Malayo-Polynesian language group, which includes languages spoken across southern Vietnam, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, the island states of western Micronesia, and Madagascar. The general principle behind evolutionary literary theory is that any knowledge (including stories) generated by the mind is a biological phenomenon and worthy of scientific study. This tenet is then compounded with an evolutionary understanding of life whereby all animals, including humans, are driven to ensure somatic success through the preservation of life, and reproductive success through the proliferation of genes. It is argued that oral stories contain implicit evolutionary ‘lessons’ that may assist humans in obtaining somatic and reproductive success. The most recurring evolutionary theme in female-led Western Malayo-Polynesian oral stories revolves around reproductive success, with approximately 90% of stories in this thesis focusing either on family life or the search for a partner. In the section ‘Tales of Family Life’, stories portray the complexity of family dynamics, showing how family members must sacrifice their selfish interests for the sake of their kin in order to maximize the propagation of their genes. In ‘Tales of Searching for a Partner’, heroines take part in complex mate attraction and retention strategies, showing that the search for a ‘Happily Ever After’ (or evolutionary fitness) is not always a straightforward journey. Unsurprisingly, themes without direct correlations with evolutionary fitness form only 10% of the entire corpus. ‘Tales Beyond Family and Partners’ attempt to explore stories of evolutionary anomalies through the phenomenon of childfree and heroic women. Evolutionary studies, however, have yet to provide a satisfactory theory on women whose behaviour seems to hold little or no reproductive advantages, and analysis of these types of stories would benefit from further research. As a multidisciplinary study, this thesis is able to impact future research in three different ways. Firstly, it is hoped that it will bring attention to and increase knowledge of the lesser known and under-studied Western Malayo-Polynesian oral traditions. Secondly, the thesis can also serve as a model for the application of evolutionary theory to the folkloric study of oral stories. Finally, it shows the potential of applying evolutionary literary theory to non-Western cultures. It is hoped that future research will be able to expand the findings of this thesis either through larger or more concentrated pools of data, with the aim of emphasizing the universal drives that underlie our common humanity.
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Kane, Davis Kealanohea. "Forgiveness and Gratitude as Mediators of Religious Commitment and Well-Being Among Polynesian Americans." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9059.
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An abundance of research has investigated well-being as it relates to religiosity and positive traits, with most research indicating that both relate to improvements in well-being. Moreover, several studies provide evidence for statistically significant relationships between religiosity and specific positive traits, including forgiveness and gratitude. However, few research studies have investigated how increases in positive traits might explain why religiosity enhances well-being. In addition, few studies within the religious and positive psychological literature have included adequate sampling from ethnic/racial minority populations residing in the U.S. As a result, investigations on how ethnic identity interacts with religious and positive psychological variables are virtually nonexistent. This study addressed these areas by investigating whether the positive traits of forgiveness and gratitude mediate the relationship between religious commitment and well-being among Polynesian Americans--a fast growing, yet understudied, American population. This study also investigated whether a Polynesian American's ethnic identity moderates the relationship between religious commitment and the positive traits of forgiveness and gratitude. 627 Polynesian-identified individuals residing in the U.S. completed a 40-minute online survey that contained positive trait, ethnic identity, and well-being measures. Data analyses showed that forgiveness and gratitude traits mediated the statistical relationship between religious commitment and self-esteem. Gratitude was also shown to partially mediate the relationship between religious commitment and satisfaction with life. Moreover, data analyses did not support the hypothesis that ethnic identity would moderate the relationship between religious commitment, forgiveness, and gratitude. This study provides specific implications for clinical research among Polynesian Americans.
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Tanner, Emily E. "Racial Discrimination and the Indirect Effects of Forgiveness on Well-Being Among Emerging Polynesian Americans." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9231.
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There is a lack of research on the effects of racial discrimination on the mental health of emerging Polynesian American adults (ages 17-29). This study examines the effects of racial discrimination and the indirect effects of forgiveness on mental health among 423 Polynesian American emerging adults. Correlations were conducted in preliminary analysis then data was further analyzed through multiple regressions to determine if racial discrimination predicts psychological outcomes. A mediation analyses with Hayes PROCESS macro bootstrapping was conducted to examine the indirect effects of forgiveness. Lastly, a point-biserial correlation was conducted to examine the effects of education level on perception of racial discrimination. Elevated experiences of racial discrimination were linked to increase of negative psychological outcomes including depression, anxiety, stress. In addition, experiences of racial discrimination were inversely correlated with anger and self-esteem. Participants with a high school education or less were more likely to report experiences of racial discrimination. Forgiveness mediated the relationship between racial discrimination and depression, anxiety, stress, and satisfaction with life. Implications are included regarding the necessity of mental health professionals to be aware of the psychological impacts of racial discrimination among Polynesian emerging adults. Additional results are provided, and implications of these findings are outlined.
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Watson, Emma. "Investigation of autosomal tetranucleotide STR loci and male lineages among UK Leicestershire and Polynesian populations." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2000. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/34224.
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This study reports the findings of an investigation of ten polymorphic autosomal tetranucleotide short tandem repeat loci and Y chromosome haplotype diversity among the genetically diverse populations of UK Leicestershire caucasians, New Zealand Maori and other Polynesian Islanders. The ten autosomal loci were initially isolated and sequenced by the Utah Marker Development group. This present study optimised the methodology for use with unlabelled primers and submarine gel electrophoresis technology. Little or no previous population or forensic genetic research had been carried out incorporating the ten loci presented in this study.
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Graf, Jennifer A. "Minority Groups' Conceptualization of Multiculturalism and Ethnic Identity in Hawai'i: The Japanese American and Polynesian Experience." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7072.
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The goal of this thesis is to examine minority groups' conceptualizations of multiculturalism and ethnocultural identity in Hawaiʻi. Two of Hawaii's minority groups were studied- Japanese Americans and Polynesians. A multi-method study on ethnic identification in a multicultural society is presented. Students at the University of Hawaiʻi completed ethnic identification surveys on ethnocultural identification, attitudes toward ethnic identification, likeness to other groups, and social distance. A sample of the Japanese Americans and Pacific Islanders represented in the first phase participated in interviews where the themes about living in a multicultural society and its relation to ethnic identification were further explored. This procedure enabled valuable insights into what multiculturalism and ethnic identity mean to different groups of people and implications for future research are discussed.vii, 87 leaves
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Tsuji, Yasuko. "A comparative study of Japanese and Polynesian mythology with particular reference to selected cosmogony and trickster myths." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Japanese, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8131.
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In this thesis, Japanese mythology is compared with Polynesian mythology. Particularly, two Polynesian myths are selected as comparative material. The first one is a Maori cosmogony myth, a South Island version of Tāne, the second one a Samoan trickster myth, The Octopus and the Rat.
Tāne is compared with the Japanese cosmogony myth, while The Octopus and the Rat is compared with the Japanese trickster myth, the White Rabbit of lnaba. Some common elements between the two mythologies and their origins are discussed in an analysis of the myths.
Both myths are also translated into Japanese. To my knowledge, this is the first time this version of Tāne and The Octopus and the Rat have been translated into Japanese.
Present Polynesian and Japanese migration theories and studies are also investigated, in order to explain the occurrence of similarities between both mythologies.
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Toomey, Michael R., Jeffrey P. Donnelly, and Jessica E. Tierney. "South Pacific hydrologic and cyclone variability during the last 3000 years." AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614773.
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Major excursions in the position of the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ) and/or changes in its intensity are thought to drive tropical cyclone (TC) and precipitation variability across much of the central South Pacific. A lack of conventional sites typically used for multimillennial proxy reconstructions has limited efforts to extend observational rainfall/TC data sets and our ability to fully assess the risks posed to central Pacific islands by future changes in fresh water availability or the frequency of storm landfalls. Here we use the sedimentary record of Apu Bay, offshore the island of Tahaa, French Polynesia, to explore the relationship between SPCZ position/intensity and tropical cyclone overwash, resolved at decadal time scales, since 3200years B.P. Changes in orbital precession and Pacific sea surface temperatures best explain evidence for a coordinated pattern of rainfall variability at Tahaa and across the Pacific over the late Holocene. Our companion record of tropical cyclone activity from Tahaa suggests major storm activity was higher between 2600-1500years B.P., when decadal scale SPCZ variability may also have been stronger. A transition to lower storm frequency and a shift or expansion of the SPCZ toward French Polynesia around 1000years B.P. may have prompted Polynesian migration into the central Pacific.
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Kane, Davis Kealanohea. "Moderation and Mediation Analysis of Religious Commitment, Positive Personality Traits, Ethnic Identity, and Well-Being Among Polynesian Americans." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8991.
Full textAbstract:
An abundance of research has investigated well-being as it relates to religiosity and positive traits, with most research indicating that both relate to improvements in well-being. Moreover, several studies provide evidence for statistically significant relationships between religiosity and specific positive traits, including forgiveness and gratitude. However, few research studies have investigated how increases in positive traits might explain why religiosity enhances well-being. In addition, few studies within the religious and positive psychological literature have included adequate sampling from ethnic/racial minority populations residing in the U.S. As a result, investigations on how ethnic identity interacts with religious and positive psychological variables are virtually nonexistent. This study addressed these areas by investigating whether the positive traits of forgiveness and gratitude mediate the relationship between religious commitment and well-being among Polynesian Americans—a fast growing, yet understudied, American population. This study also investigated whether a Polynesian American’s ethnic identity moderates the relationship between religious commitment and the positive traits of forgiveness and gratitude. 627 Polynesian-identified individuals residing in the U.S. completed a 40-minute online survey that contained positive trait, ethnic identity, and well-being measures. Data analyses showed that forgiveness and gratitude traits mediated the statistical relationship between religious commitment and self-esteem. Gratitude was also shown to partially mediate the relationship between religious commitment and satisfaction with life. Moreover, data analyses did not support the hypothesis that ethnic identity would moderate the relationship between religious commitment, forgiveness, and gratitude. This study provides specific implications for clinical research among Polynesian Americans.
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Leach, Wendy Nicole. "Alaskan Eskimo and Polynesian Island Population Skeletal Anatomy: The "Pacific Paradox" Revisited Through Surface Area to Body Mass Comparisons." The University of Montana, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-12152006-100028/.
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This project is an attempt to re-examine the Pacific Paradox, as proposed by Philip Houghton (1996), through various morphological measurements on two climatically different populations, Alaskan Eskimo and Pacific Island groups. The Pacific Paradox has been widely discussed, but research using direct comparisons between this Pacific population and cold climate groups has received little attention. The methods employed are those preformed by Ruff (1994), Ruff et al (1991, 2004, 2005) and Houghton (1996) to create the most accurate determination of overall body form in both populations. Eight measurements were used to construct variables to create an accurate portrayal of overall body shape. These measurements were taken on Alaskan Eskimo populations spread throughout the entire region of Alaska and on Polynesian populations from a wide variety of Pacific Islands. The overall comparisons demonstrate similarities in the two body mass estimations; the bi-iliac breadth measurement and maximum femoral head diameter, and in the overall stature to body mass ratios, except in the males, who are significantly different in every measurement apart from surface area to body mass ratios and stature to body mass ratios. Further studies on each population were conducted to determine the role of latitude or isolation factors on each population. Interestingly, the Alaskan group did not follow the stereotypical trend of cold climate adaptation based on latitude. In the female groups, the females from the lowest latitude had the lowest surface area to body mass ratios followed by the highest latitude group. The male groups followed the stereotype with the highest latitude group having the lowest surface area to body mass ratio but interestingly, the group from the lowest latitude had the next lowest ratio. Polynesian results illustrated somewhat similar body proportions throughout the region with only a few exceptions. Meanwhile, several individuals measured from the Polynesian collection could be considered part of Melanesia. Migration patterns, founder effect through disease frequencies, nutritional effects and cultural traits along with many other issues are presented when examining the similarities and differences the Polynesian population has in comparison to both the Alaskan group and the small Melanesian sample.
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Håkansson, Olof. "Stratified Polynesia : A GIS-based study of prehistoric settlements in Samoa and Rapa Nui." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-331545.
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The overall objective of this study is, to understand how the prehistoric individual experienced her “being in the world”. This is done by examining the spatial relationships of prehistoric remains in order to understand hierarchies. The foundation of the thesis is constructed by using data from the prehistoric settlement of Letolo in Samoa (Independent State of Samoa) in West-Polynesia and Hanga Ho´onu on Rapa Nui (Easter Island) in East-Polynesia. These data are stored and analysed in a Geographical Information System (GIS). In the Samoan case the intention is to make previously unpublished surveys available. An aim is to develop a method to interpret social information from the spatial relations of built structures. It is questioned if it is possible to interpret the degree of hierarchy in a prehistoric society only from the spatial relations of features. It is concluded that such an inquiry needs to be paired with preunderstanding and analogies, such as ethnohistorical data, since it otherwise is problematic to ascribe meaning to different built structures. The thesis uses ethnohistory for preunderstanding and analogy. The thesis further examines the worldviews and structures that are shown in the repeated practice of groups in the two settlements.Det övergripande syftet med föreliggande studie är att komma närmare den förhistoriska människans upplevelse av varat, att komma närmare hennes upplevelse av att finnas till i världen. Detta görs genom att undersöka fornlämningars spatiala relationer för att förstå hierarkier. I uppsatsen redovisas två databaser och Geografiska Informationssystem som har konstruerats utifrån fornlämningsdata från förhistoriska bosättningar på Samoa i västpolynesien och Rapa Nui i östpolynesien. På Samoa är det Letolodalen på ön Savai´i som undersöks, och på Rapa Nui är det Hanga Ho´onu vid La Pérouse-bukten som undersöks. Uppsatsen ämnar tillgängliggöra opublicerade inventeringar av Letolo på Samoa. En intention är att utarbeta specifika kriterier för att utläsa social information från den spatiala utbredningen av fornlämningar. Arbetet ifrågasätter om det är möjligt att läsa ut graden av hierarki i ett förhistoriskt samhälle utifrån de spatiala relationerna mellan fornlämningar. Svaret är att det går om analogier och förförståelse används då det annars är problematiskt att tillskriva mening till fornlämningar. Eftersom Polynesien är väl dokumenterat utifrån ett etnohistoriskt perspektiv används analogier och förförståelse från dessa berättelser. I uppsatsen undersöks vidare mentala världar och strukturer som visar sig i gruppers upprepade praktiker i de två bosättningarna.
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Johnson, Phillip Ray II. "Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) characterization of pre-contact basalt quarries on the American Samoan Island of Tutuila." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4932.
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This thesis presents a material-centered characterization of 120 geologic samples
from four fine-grained basalt quarries on the Samoan Island of Tutuila. Previous
unsuccessful attempts at definitive Tutuilan quarry differentiation have utilized x-ray
fluorescence (XRF). In this study, clear differentiation of each analyzed quarry was
achieved using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Biplots of canonical
discriminant function scores for the INAA data illustrate clear separation based on the
variation in chemical composition between each quarry. The samples analyzed not only
define quarry separation, but also provide the "core group" for a preliminary baseline
necessary for future artifact-centered provenance studies. Inclusion of these "core group"
samples in the baseline was confirmed by stepwise discriminant analysis. These findings
suggest the ability to determine quarry of origin on the island of Tutuila, which can
elucidate the importance of individual Tutuilan quarries in the export and exchange of
fine-grained basalts.
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Kahn, Jennifer G. "Prehistoric stone tool use and manufacture at the Ha'atuatua dune site, Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq20792.pdf.
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Johnson, Christine K. "Success and struggles of small island museums in Polynesia with special reference to Pitcairn Island /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1447813.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2007."May, 2007." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-110). Online version available on the World Wide Web. Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2007]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm.
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Martins, Simões Patrícia. "Diversity and dynamics of Wolbachia-host associations in arthropods from the Society archipelago, French Polynesia." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00850707.
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Certains symbiotes intracellulaires résident dans le cytoplasme des cellules et manipulent le système reproductif de leurs hôtes. Du fait de leur transmission maternelle, ces parasites sont sélectionnés pour optimiser la survie et la reproduction de leur hôtes femelles. Chez les arthropodes, la bactérie Wolbachia infecte au moins 66% des espèces d'insectes mais peuvent aussi infecter des nématodes. Cette large distribution dans les populations hôtes confère à Wolbachia un potentiel important en tant que moteur d'évolution. En particulier, elle pourrait être utilisée comme vecteur transgène dans les espèces nuisibles. Mais la dynamique évolutive des infections à l'échelle des communautés est mal connue, en particulier la fréquence des transferts de parasites entre hôtes de différentes espèces et la stabilité évolutive des associations. Mon travail de thèse a porté sur la détection et la dynamique des infections de Wolbachia à une échelle microevolutive, c'est-à-dire, dans des communautés d'arthropodes avec moins de 5 My. L'objectif de ce travail était à la fois la characterisation des communautés géographiques d'arthropodes et celle des infections par Wolbachia de ces communautés. Nous avons également examiné l'existence de transferts horizontaux récents de ces symbiotes entre des taxa distantes ainsi que les routes écologiques potentielles pour ces transmissions.
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Martins, Simões Patricia. "Diversity and dynamics of Wolbachia-host associations in arthropods from the Society archipelago, French Polynesia." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10035.
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Certains symbiotes intracellulaires résident dans le cytoplasme des cellules et manipulent le système reproductif de leurs hôtes. Du fait de leur transmission maternelle, ces parasites sont sélectionnés pour optimiser la survie et la reproduction de leurs hôtes femelles. Chez les arthropodes, la bactérie Wolbachia infecte au moins 66% des espèces d’insectes mais peuvent aussi infecter des nématodes. Cette large distribution dans les populations hôtes confère à Wolbachia un potentiel important en tant que moteur d’évolution. En particulier, elle pourrait être utilisée comme vecteur transgène dans les espèces nuisibles. Mais la dynamique évolutive des infections à l’échelle des communautés est mal connue, en particulier la fréquence des transferts de parasites entre hôtes de différentes espèces et la stabilité évolutive des associations. Mon travail de thèse a porté sur la détection et dynamique des infections de Wolbachia à une échelle micro-évolutive, c’est-à-dire, dans des communautés d’arthropodes avec moins de 5 My. L’objectif de ce travail était à la fois la caractérisation des communautés géographiques d’arthropodes et celle des infections par Wolbachia de ces communautés. Nous avons également examiné l’existence de transferts horizontaux récents de ces symbiotes entre des taxa distantes ainsi que les routes écologiques potentielles pour ces transmissionsSexual parasites are intracellular symbionts capable of manipulating the reproduction of their hosts. They are widespread in Arthropods where they display a wide range of reproductive manipulations; these can be potentially involved in the evolution of mating systems, speciation, gene acquisition and sex determination. In particular, Wolbachia is thought to infect more than 66% of insect species and is also found in nematodes. However, little is known about the dynamics of Wolbachia infections at the community level. Although at the intra-population level, invasion dynamics have been extensively studied, the same is not true at the community level where the turnover of infections remains largely uncharacterised. The question of how often are new infections acquired through horizontal transfers between distantly related hosts remains also open. Moreover, as Wolbachia is seen as a good candidate for a transgenic vector against pests, understanding its dynamic at the community level is crucial. We proposed to address them by performing an exhaustive characterisation of sexual parasites in simplified systems, using the opportunity offered by small arthropod communities in isolated islands
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Oakes, Nicole R. "The late prehistoric "Maohi fare haupape" : an examination of household organization in Mo'orea, French Polynesia /." Ann Arbor : UMI dissertation service, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40086039m.
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Gossler, Claus. "Die Société Commerciale de l'Océanie (1876 - 1914) Aufstieg und Untergang der Hamburger Godeffroys in Ost-Polynesien." Bremen MontAurum, 2005. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2868153&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Henry, Stephen Michael. "Further insight into the Lewis histo-blood-group system as revealed from study of Polynesian and Caucasian plasma and erythrocyte glycosphingolipids." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1975.
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This project involved the study of Lewis and related blood group glycosphingolipid isolated from individuals with normal and aberrant Lewis/secretor phenotypes. The objective was to find a biochemical basis for the unusual expression of Lewis and secretor phenotypes in Polynesians and to use this information to shed light on the "normal" expression of Lewis antigens. By using purified glycolipids, presenting them in the cell free environment of thin layer chromatography to Lewis antibodies and by determining structures by mass spectrometry it has been shown that: l. The Lec epitope is a terminal Galβ1-3Gal sequence, and not an internal branch as proposed by Hanfland (Hanfland et a1.,1986). 2. Lec or H-5-1 are present in Lewis negative phenotypes and their consequent consumption by the Le and ,Se transferases resulting in the known Lea and Leb antigens can be seen in the Lewis positives. 3. Phenotypically Le(a-b-) individuals have small amounts of Lewis antigens. This clearly demonstrates that although the Lewis negative phenotype exists at the crude serological level, this phenotype is not an "all-or-nothing" phenomenon at the chemical level. This also allows it to be postulated that the le gene is probably partially active. 4. Le(a+b+) individuals have both Lea and Leb glycolipids in the erythrocyte membrane and in plasma. Observed phenotyping anomalies appear to be related to there being quantitatively less Leb-6 in the Polynesian Le(a+b+) erythrocyte membrane than in the Le(a-b+) membrane. 5. The Le(a+b-) phenotype of Polynesians is actually the Le(a+b+) phenotype but with serologically undetectable Leb. This allows it to be postulated that the nonsecretor gene (se) is absent in Polynesians. 6. Extended structures are present in most of the Polynesian samples which is in support of a postulated weak secretor gene (Sew). It now appears that the difference between the extended Lewis glycolipids of Caucasians and Polynesians is quantitative. The postulated, Sew transferase appears to be inefficient and allows for increased formation of elongated glycoconjugates (polyglycosylceramides) to result. 7. Reduced fucosyltransferase activity allows increased elongation of the precursor chain to occur, which allows it to be postulated that fucosylation of the precursor prevents, or at least markedly reduces, chain elongation. It is speculated that, as almost everyone is either Lewis and/or secretor positive, perhaps the prevention of chain elongation is a biological reason as to why the Lewis and Secretor polymorphisms exist. 8. Differences in ceramide patterns of Lewis active glycolipids suggests that the small intestinal tract is not the only origin of plasma glycolipids, or there is differential absorption. 9. There is no plasma glycolipid-based reason for there being increased H type 2 antigen reactivity in the Polynesian erythrocyte membrane, nor a reason for the H antigen association with the Le(a+b+) phenotype.
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Clemens, Lauren Eby. "Prosodic Noun Incorporation and Verb-Initial Syntax." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13070029.
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To date, no real consensus has emerged among syntacticians about how to derive verb-initial order (V1); but the two main approaches, \(V^0\)-raising and VP-raising, receive particularly widespread support in the literature. The syntax of Niuean pseudo noun incorporation (PNI) has played an important role in the propagation of the VP-raising analysis (Massam 2001), especially for VSO languages and languages with a VSO option.
In this thesis, I present an analysis of the prosody of Niuean PNI and show that the PNI verb and incorporated argument form a prosodic constituent. While this result is consistent with the syntactic analysis of Massam (2001), it is also consistent with a prosodic restructuring analysis that explains the VOS order of PNI by appealing to prosodic well-formedness. I take the second approach. Specifically, the principle behind Selkirk's (1984) Sense Unit Condition requires that the verb and its internal argument(s) form a unique phonological phrase. In order to satisfy this requirement, the incorporated argument moves into a position adjacent to the verb at PF. Positionally motivated categorical feature sharing (Adger and Svenonius 2011; Pesetsky and Torrego 2007) allows PF to reference the head-argument relationship between the verb and its internal argument, even though they are not sent to PF in structurally adjacent positions.
The main result for the syntactic analysis of Niuean is that \(V^0\)-raising replaces VP-raising. The benefits of the \(V^0\)-raising approach include i) less phonologically vacuous structure in places where Niuean has overt morphology, e.g., a perpetually null \(T^0\) in the face of overt tense markers; and ii) observance of the idea that thematic roles are correlated to structural positions. Thus, the prosodic analysis of Niuean PNI has a number of positive outcomes for Niuean syntax, as well as the potential to simplify the derivation of VSO cross-linguistically.Linguistics
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Wallin, Paul. "Ceremonial stone structures the archaeology and ethnohistory of the Marae Complex in the Society Islands, French Polynesia /." Uppsala : Societas Archaeologica Upsaliensis : Distributed by Dept. of Archaeology, Uppsala University, 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/30760808.html.
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Granville, Ian. "Factors involved in the onset of four people movements." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1991. http://www.tren.com.
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Hafoka, Tali Alisa. "Aha'aina." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3336.
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In a Polynesian feast, food is a metaphor for the essence of Polynesian culture—giving without self regard. As Polynesian culture evolves, its aesthetic standard must necessarily change. Two seemingly conflicting essentials are necessary here for the survival of culture—the evolution of the cultural aesthetic, and the constancy of the culture's essence. One might consider as a metaphor the evolution of a tree through the seasons—though the foliage blooms, changes colors, dies and grows brittle, falls and regenerates, etc., the roots remain constant—ever nourishing the tree and ever supporting it and holding it up. As with the tree, the essence of the Polynesian culture must always remain constant, though the aesthetic trappings evolve and adapt to survive in an ever-changing environment. The work described herein demonstrates the glacial drift of culture and how, in the trappings of a modern, ever-evolving world, the Polynesian culture's essence survives. This work stands as a signpost on the road of identity, helping the earnest searcher to see, through the ever-changing foliage, the root or essence of identity. Thus, this work imbues its viewer with a sense of freedom with respect to her search for identity; for once the viewer recognizes that which is necessarily constant, she can freely embrace that which is necessarily evolving.
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Meyer, David Francis. "Computationally-assisted analysis of early Tahitian oral poetry." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5984.
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A computationally-assisted analysis was undertaken of Tahitian oral poetry transcribed in the early 19th century, with the aim of discovering its poetic organization. An automated pattern detection process attempted to recognize many of the organizational possibilities for poetry that have been documented in the literature, as well as be open to unanticipated varieties. Candidate patterns generated were subjected to several rounds of manual review. Some tasks that would have proved difficult to automate, such as the detection of semantic parallelism, were pursued fully manually. Two distinct varieties of meter were encountered: A syllabic counting meter based upon a colon line, and a much less common word stress counting meter based upon a colon line or a list item. The use of each meter was ubiquitous in the corpus, but somewhat sporadic. Word stress counting meter was typically applied to lists, and generally co-occurred with patterns of syllabic counting meter; perhaps in order to enhance metrical effect through an addition of rhythm. For both meters, counts were regulated by an external pattern, wherein they were observed to repeat, increment, form inverted structures, or group into alternating sequences. There appeared to be few limitations as to the possibilities for a pattern‟s starting count or length. Patterns were found to juxtapose freely, as well as alongside unpatterned counts. According to Nigel Fabb and Morris Halle, syllabic counting meter is only otherwise encountered in a style of Hebrew poetry from the Old Testament (Fabb and Halle 2008:268, 271, 283). Word stress counting meter may be unique to Tahitian poetry. The colon also functioned as poetic line for purposes of sound parallelism, which manifested itself in patterns of simple assonance, simple consonance, and complex patterns that combined simpler ones of assonance, consonance, and parallel strings of phonemes. Although sound patterns most often spanned lines, they were sometimes constrained to within a line. Occasionally, they were arranged into inverted structures, somewhat analogous to those noted for counting meter. Some sound patterns were contained within names and epithets, and perhaps served as recurring islands of parallelism. Syntactic parallelism was common, especially in the organization of lists. Occasionally, its application was suggestive of canonical parallelism. Items of syntactic frame lists were often arranged so as to assist patterns of counting meter. A syntactic frame‟s variable elements often belonged to a single semantic category for which there seemed to be no restriction, and which could represent any taxonomic level. There appeared to be complete freedom in regards to the arrangement of syntactic frame patterns, and it was common for several to follow one another in unbroken succession. There is evidence that some of the corpus poetry was memorized. Other evidence suggests that a capacity existed, and perhaps continues to exist, of poetic composition-in-performance.
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Balukjian, Bradley James. "Myriad Mirids| The spectacular radiation of Pseudoloxops (Hemiptera| Miridae) plant bugs in French Polynesia (and the kids that love them!)." Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3593769.
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In the first chapter, we revise the taxonomy of a lineage of plant bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) that has radiated in the islands of French Polynesia. Six species of endemic Pseudoloxops plant bugs were previously known from two islands in French Polynesia, indicating a small radiation. We collected ecological, morphological, molecular, and geographical data for hundreds of fresh and historical Pseudoloxops specimens, expanding the genus' range to nine islands in two archipelagoes (the Austral and Society Islands). We combined all of the above data sources in an iterative integrative taxonomy framework to test the six existing species hypotheses and to search for new diversity.
In the second chapter, we explore the relative importance of ecology and geographic isolation in this lineage to provide a first approximation of whether the radiation was adaptive or non-adaptive. We collected Pseudoloxops from a wide range of plants, with 27 species in 25 different plant families and 13 orders. We then inferred a combined Bayesian molecular phylogeny from three genes, including 25 of the 26 known Pseudoloxops species, to examine the roles of plant affiliation and geography (island distribution) in speciation. We reconstructed the ancestral states using parsimony for these two characters, and found 12 speciation events that were well-supported in the phylogeny. Both plant-switching and island-hopping were correlated with speciation. For the 7 speciation events for which we could unequivocally determine plant affiliation before and after speciation, 4 were associated with a plant shift. For the 8 speciation events where island distribution could be reconstructed, two involved shifts to a new island. There were 5 cases for which we could determine both character states before and after speciation. In three of them, speciation occurred within the same locality with a switch in plant taxonomic order, suggesting that the lineage has great dietary versatility. However, much more research into feeding needs to be conducted, as anecdotal evidence from Pseudoloxops outside of French Polynesia suggests they may be facultative predators. In the other two speciation events, there was neither a geographic shift nor a change in plant affiliation, suggesting some other mechanism for speciation. Based on our results, both plant-switching and geography have played a role in the diversification of this radiation.
In the third chapter, we address the larger societal impact of taxonomic and biodiversity research by examining the effect of a natural history-driven curriculum on elementary schoolchildren's scientific knowledge. While studies have demonstrated the potential for natural history education to improve children's attitudes towards and knowledge of science and nature, few studies have been done in areas where indigenous culture heavily influences children's worldview. The lead author taught a nine-month natural history/biodiversity class focused on insects and plants to fifth-graders at the Pao Pao elementary school on the French Polynesian island of Moorea and tested their scientific knowledge before and after receiving the program. We compared their results to a control that did not receive the program, and while both cohorts improved, the experimental group's improvement was significantly greater (mean of 82.2% vs. 30.5%). We performed a delayed post-test evaluation three years after the conclusion of the program with a subset of the experimental cohort to test their retention and interest in science. Finally, the qualitative coding of the experimental group's test and survey responses revealed both the influence of indigenous culture on their scientific understanding and the appeal of taxonomy and field trips to children. When prompted for an example of a native plant, 24% of the experimental group named a plant introduced by the Polynesians, suggesting the misconception that plants with a prevalent role in indigenous culture have always been there. In the follow-up survey, 36.7% mentioned the field trips among their memories of the course, and 20% gave full scientific names for species they recalled from the class. The latter contrasts with the commonly held belief that taxonomy is too arcane to connect with the general public. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Harden, Judy Ann. "Light element and lithium isotope signatures of the emii reservoir - the society islands, french polynesia geochemical results and an educational application /." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001069.
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