Relevant bibliographies by topics / Polymerase alpha

Academic literature on the topic 'Polymerase alpha'

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Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Polymerase alpha"

1

Gibbs, J. S., K. Weisshart, P. Digard, A. deBruynKops, D. M. Knipe, and D. M. Coen. "Polymerization activity of an alpha-like DNA polymerase requires a conserved 3'-5' exonuclease active site." Molecular and Cellular Biology 11, no. 9 (September 1991): 4786–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.11.9.4786-4795.1991.

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Most DNA polymerases are multifunctional proteins that possess both polymerizing and exonucleolytic activities. For Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I and its relatives, polymerase and exonuclease activities reside on distinct, separable domains of the same polypeptide. The catalytic subunits of the alpha-like DNA polymerase family share regions of sequence homology with the 3'-5' exonuclease active site of DNA polymerase I; in certain alpha-like DNA polymerases, these regions of homology have been shown to be important for exonuclease activity. This finding has led to the hypothesis that alpha-like DNA polymerases also contain a distinct 3'-5' exonuclease domain. We have introduced conservative substitutions into a 3'-5' exonuclease active site homology in the gene encoding herpes simplex virus DNA polymerase, an alpha-like polymerase. Two mutants were severely impaired for viral DNA replication and polymerase activity. The mutants were not detectably affected in the ability of the polymerase to interact with its accessory protein, UL42, or to colocalize in infected cell nuclei with the major viral DNA-binding protein, ICP8, suggesting that the mutation did not exert global effects on protein folding. The results raise the possibility that there is a fundamental difference between alpha-like DNA polymerases and E. coli DNA polymerase I, with less distinction between 3'-5' exonuclease and polymerase functions in alpha-like DNA polymerases.
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Gibbs, J. S., K. Weisshart, P. Digard, A. deBruynKops, D. M. Knipe, and D. M. Coen. "Polymerization activity of an alpha-like DNA polymerase requires a conserved 3'-5' exonuclease active site." Molecular and Cellular Biology 11, no. 9 (September 1991): 4786–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.11.9.4786.

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Most DNA polymerases are multifunctional proteins that possess both polymerizing and exonucleolytic activities. For Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I and its relatives, polymerase and exonuclease activities reside on distinct, separable domains of the same polypeptide. The catalytic subunits of the alpha-like DNA polymerase family share regions of sequence homology with the 3'-5' exonuclease active site of DNA polymerase I; in certain alpha-like DNA polymerases, these regions of homology have been shown to be important for exonuclease activity. This finding has led to the hypothesis that alpha-like DNA polymerases also contain a distinct 3'-5' exonuclease domain. We have introduced conservative substitutions into a 3'-5' exonuclease active site homology in the gene encoding herpes simplex virus DNA polymerase, an alpha-like polymerase. Two mutants were severely impaired for viral DNA replication and polymerase activity. The mutants were not detectably affected in the ability of the polymerase to interact with its accessory protein, UL42, or to colocalize in infected cell nuclei with the major viral DNA-binding protein, ICP8, suggesting that the mutation did not exert global effects on protein folding. The results raise the possibility that there is a fundamental difference between alpha-like DNA polymerases and E. coli DNA polymerase I, with less distinction between 3'-5' exonuclease and polymerase functions in alpha-like DNA polymerases.
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3

Herschbach, B. M., and A. D. Johnson. "The yeast alpha 2 protein can repress transcription by RNA polymerases I and II but not III." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, no. 7 (July 1993): 4029–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.7.4029-4038.1993.

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The alpha 2 protein of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae normally represses a set of cell-type-specific genes (the a-specific genes) that are transcribed by RNA polymerase II. In this study, we determined whether alpha 2 can affect transcription by other RNA polymerases. We find that alpha 2 can repress transcription by RNA polymerase I but not by RNA polymerase III. Additional experiments indicate that alpha 2 represses RNA polymerase I transcription through the same pathway that it uses to repress RNA polymerase II transcription. These results implicate conserved components of the transcription machinery as mediators of alpha 2 repression and exclude several alternate models.
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Herschbach, B. M., and A. D. Johnson. "The yeast alpha 2 protein can repress transcription by RNA polymerases I and II but not III." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, no. 7 (July 1993): 4029–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.7.4029.

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The alpha 2 protein of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae normally represses a set of cell-type-specific genes (the a-specific genes) that are transcribed by RNA polymerase II. In this study, we determined whether alpha 2 can affect transcription by other RNA polymerases. We find that alpha 2 can repress transcription by RNA polymerase I but not by RNA polymerase III. Additional experiments indicate that alpha 2 represses RNA polymerase I transcription through the same pathway that it uses to repress RNA polymerase II transcription. These results implicate conserved components of the transcription machinery as mediators of alpha 2 repression and exclude several alternate models.
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Moses, K., and C. Prives. "A unique subpopulation of murine DNA polymerase alpha/primase specifically interacts with polyomavirus T antigen and stimulates DNA replication." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 4 (April 1994): 2767–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.4.2767-2776.1994.

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Murine cells or cell extracts support the replication of plasmids containing the replication origin (ori-DNA) of polyomavirus (Py) but not that of simian virus 40 (SV40), whereas human cells or cell extracts support the replication of SV40 ori-DNA but not that of Py ori-DNA. It was shown previously that fractions containing DNA polymerase alpha/primase from permissive cells allow viral ori-DNA replication to proceed in extracts of nonpermissive cells. To extend these observations, the binding of Py T antigen to both the permissive and nonpermissive DNA polymerase alpha/primase was examined. Py T antigen was retained by a murine DNA polymerase alpha/primase but not by a human DNA polymerase alpha/primase affinity column. Likewise, a Py T antigen affinity column retained DNA polymerase alpha/primase activity from murine cells but not from human cells. The murine fraction which bound to the Py T antigen column was able to stimulate Py ori-DNA replication in the nonpermissive extract. However, the DNA polymerase alpha/primase activity in this murine fraction constituted only a relatively small proportion (approximately 20 to 40%) of the total murine DNA polymerase alpha/primase that had been applied to the column. The DNA polymerase alpha/primase purified from the nonbound murine fraction, although far more replete in this activity, was incapable of supporting Py DNA replication. The two forms of murine DNA polymerase alpha/primase also differed in their interactions with Py T antigen. Our data thus demonstrate that there are two distinct populations of DNA polymerase alpha/primase in murine cells and that species-specific interactions between T antigen and DNA polymerases can be identified. They may also provide the basis for initiating a novel means of characterizing unique subpopulations of DNA polymerase alpha/primase.
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Moses, K., and C. Prives. "A unique subpopulation of murine DNA polymerase alpha/primase specifically interacts with polyomavirus T antigen and stimulates DNA replication." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 4 (April 1994): 2767–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.4.2767.

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Murine cells or cell extracts support the replication of plasmids containing the replication origin (ori-DNA) of polyomavirus (Py) but not that of simian virus 40 (SV40), whereas human cells or cell extracts support the replication of SV40 ori-DNA but not that of Py ori-DNA. It was shown previously that fractions containing DNA polymerase alpha/primase from permissive cells allow viral ori-DNA replication to proceed in extracts of nonpermissive cells. To extend these observations, the binding of Py T antigen to both the permissive and nonpermissive DNA polymerase alpha/primase was examined. Py T antigen was retained by a murine DNA polymerase alpha/primase but not by a human DNA polymerase alpha/primase affinity column. Likewise, a Py T antigen affinity column retained DNA polymerase alpha/primase activity from murine cells but not from human cells. The murine fraction which bound to the Py T antigen column was able to stimulate Py ori-DNA replication in the nonpermissive extract. However, the DNA polymerase alpha/primase activity in this murine fraction constituted only a relatively small proportion (approximately 20 to 40%) of the total murine DNA polymerase alpha/primase that had been applied to the column. The DNA polymerase alpha/primase purified from the nonbound murine fraction, although far more replete in this activity, was incapable of supporting Py DNA replication. The two forms of murine DNA polymerase alpha/primase also differed in their interactions with Py T antigen. Our data thus demonstrate that there are two distinct populations of DNA polymerase alpha/primase in murine cells and that species-specific interactions between T antigen and DNA polymerases can be identified. They may also provide the basis for initiating a novel means of characterizing unique subpopulations of DNA polymerase alpha/primase.
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Zuber, M., E. M. Tan, and M. Ryoji. "Involvement of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (cyclin) in DNA replication in living cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 1 (January 1989): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.1.57-66.1989.

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Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) (also called cyclin) is known to stimulate the activity of DNA polymerase delta but not the other DNA polymerases in vitro. We injected a human autoimmune antibody against PCNA into unfertilized eggs of Xenopus laevis and examined the effects of this antibody on the replication of injected plasmid DNA as well as egg chromosomes. The anti-PCNA antibody inhibited plasmid replication by up to 67%, demonstrating that PCNA is involved in plasmid replication in living cells. This result further implies that DNA polymerase delta is necessary for plasmid replication in vivo. Anti-PCNA antibody alone did not block plasmid replication completely, but the residual replication was abolished by coinjection of a monoclonal antibody against DNA polymerase alpha. Anti-DNA polymerase alpha alone inhibited plasmid replication by 63%. Thus, DNA polymerase alpha is also required for plasmid replication in this system. In similar studies on the replication of egg chromosomes, the inhibition by anti-PCNA antibody was only 30%, while anti-DNA polymerase alpha antibody blocked 73% of replication. We concluded that the replication machineries of chromosomes and plasmid differ in their relative content of DNA polymerase delta. In addition, we obtained evidence through the use of phenylbutyl deoxyguanosine, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, that the structure of DNA polymerase alpha holoenzyme for chromosome replication is significantly different from that for plasmid replication.
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Zuber, M., E. M. Tan, and M. Ryoji. "Involvement of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (cyclin) in DNA replication in living cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 1 (January 1989): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.1.57.

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Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) (also called cyclin) is known to stimulate the activity of DNA polymerase delta but not the other DNA polymerases in vitro. We injected a human autoimmune antibody against PCNA into unfertilized eggs of Xenopus laevis and examined the effects of this antibody on the replication of injected plasmid DNA as well as egg chromosomes. The anti-PCNA antibody inhibited plasmid replication by up to 67%, demonstrating that PCNA is involved in plasmid replication in living cells. This result further implies that DNA polymerase delta is necessary for plasmid replication in vivo. Anti-PCNA antibody alone did not block plasmid replication completely, but the residual replication was abolished by coinjection of a monoclonal antibody against DNA polymerase alpha. Anti-DNA polymerase alpha alone inhibited plasmid replication by 63%. Thus, DNA polymerase alpha is also required for plasmid replication in this system. In similar studies on the replication of egg chromosomes, the inhibition by anti-PCNA antibody was only 30%, while anti-DNA polymerase alpha antibody blocked 73% of replication. We concluded that the replication machineries of chromosomes and plasmid differ in their relative content of DNA polymerase delta. In addition, we obtained evidence through the use of phenylbutyl deoxyguanosine, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, that the structure of DNA polymerase alpha holoenzyme for chromosome replication is significantly different from that for plasmid replication.
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Rowe-Magnus, Dean A., Mario Mencía, Fernando Rojo, Margarita Salas, and George B. Spiegelman. "Transcriptional Activation of the Bacillus subtilis spoIIG Promoter by the Response Regulator Spo0A Is Independent of the C-Terminal Domain of the RNA Polymerase Alpha Subunit." Journal of Bacteriology 180, no. 17 (September 1, 1998): 4760–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.180.17.4760-4763.1998.

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ABSTRACT In vitro transcription from the spoIIG promoter byBacillus subtilis RNA polymerase reconstituted with wild-type alpha subunits and with C-terminal deletion mutants of the alpha subunit was equally stimulated by the response regulator Spo0A. Some differences in the structure of open complexes formed by RNA polymerase containing alpha subunit mutants were noted, although the wild-type and mutant polymerases appeared to use the same initiation mechanism.
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Hałas, A., A. Ciesielski, and J. Zuk. "Involvement of the essential yeast DNA polymerases in induced gene conversion." Acta Biochimica Polonica 46, no. 4 (December 31, 1999): 862–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.1999_4107.

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In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae three different DNA polymerases alpha, delta and epsilon are involved in DNA replication. DNA polymerase alpha is responsible for initiation of DNA synthesis and polymerases delta and epsilon are required for elongation of DNA strand during replication. DNA polymerases delta and epsilon are also involved in DNA repair. In this work we studied the role of these three DNA polymerases in the process of recombinational synthesis. Using thermo-sensitive heteroallelic mutants in genes encoding DNA polymerases we studied their role in the process of induced gene conversion. Mutant strains were treated with mutagens, incubated under permissive or restrictive conditions and the numbers of convertants obtained were compared. A very high difference in the number of convertants between restrictive and permissive conditions was observed for polymerases alpha and delta, which suggests that these two polymerases play an important role in DNA synthesis during mitotic gene conversion. Marginal dependence of gene conversion on the activity of polymerase epsilon indicates that this DNA polymerase may be involved in this process but rather as an auxiliary enzyme.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Polymerase alpha"

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Caird, Mandy Ruth. "Molecular cloning studies on DNA polymerase alpha." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292388.

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The DNA polymerase α assay systems and partial purification techniques already in use in the laboratory were improved by isolating better-activated DNA and freezing cells prior to sonication. The suitability of monoclonal antibodies against Xenopus laevis and human KB cell (Tanaka et al., 1982) DNA polymerase α was established as a prelude to screening expression libraries. All were found to inhibit polymerase activity by approximately 50%. Two out of three anti-Xenopus laevis DNA polymerase α antibodies and three out of four anti-human DNA polymerase α antibodies bound antigen in HeLa cell cytoplasmic extracts. Human hepatoma, human foetal liver, human fibroblast and mouse bone marrow lambda gt11 expression libraries were screened with the above antibodies using the method of Young and Davis (1983) and various horseradish peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase conjugated second antibody systems in an attempt to isolate a human or mouse DNA polymerase α gene. A 1.9kb cDNA clone from a calf thymus expression library (Foster et al., 1986) was characterised. The molecular weight of 165-175kDa and polymerase activity of the β-galactosidase-calf fusion protein was confirmed but the fusion protein could not be detected with any of the antibodies mentioned above. The 1.9kb cDNA clone was used to show the regulation of DNA polymerase α activity in growth-regulated bovine kidney cell to be at the transcriptional level. The DNA sequence of the calf thymus cDNA fragment was determined. The DNA sequence of 2042 bases and all predicted open reading frames were compared with sequences contained in the GenBank, EMBL and NBRF (nucleic acid and protein) databanks of the University of Wisconsin Genetics Computer Group molecular biology package. No homology to any DNA polymerase α nucleic acid or protein sequence was found, suggesting that the sequence of Foster et al. (1986) might not code for a DNA polymerase α. In searches of international sequence databanks the 1.9kb DNA fragment shows the greatest similarity to human, bovine and rodent sequences. However, the similarity scores are very low suggesting that this sequence is unique and will require the determination of a longer sequence before location of an identity.
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Montgomery, Douglas S. "An investigation of rat DNA polymerase alpha." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1985. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU362670.

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The aim of this project was to clone the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of the rat DNA replication enzyme, DNA polymerase alpha. A strategy was adopted in which cDNA clones expressing the catalytic subunit sequences would be identified using anti-DNA polymerase antibodies. DNA polymerase alpha was partially purified from regenerating rat liver and exponentially growing rat Y3 myeloma cells. The catalytic subunit was identified as a 170-180kD polypeptide by activity gel analysis of partially purified Y3 cell fractions. The catalytic subunit was found to be susceptible to degradation but without loss of polymerase activity. Glycerol gradient analysis indicated a two stage degradation of DNA polymerase in vivo. Sera were collected from mice immunised with partially purified DNA polymerase alpha from regenerated rat liver. These sera cross-reacted with Western-blotted Y3 cell fractions; removed polymerase activity from solution in plate binding assays and bound alpha polymerase activity (140-180kD) on an immuno-adsorption column cDNA was synthesised using size selected mRNA from exponentially growing Y3 cells and cloned into the expression vectors pUC8 and ?gtll, both of which utilise the lac Z gene to express cloned DNA sequences. Immunoscreening of the ?gtll library was frustrated by non-specific binding of the serum. This non-specific binding was overcome by pre-adsorbing the serum against a lysate of E. coli JM 83. Screening of the pUC8 library revealled 27 out of 2.25x104 colonies which bound pre-adsorbed anti-DNA polymerase alpha serum.
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Sutton, A. D. "An investigation of DNA polymerase alpha from regenerating rat liver." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370114.

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Mello, Richard. "IDENTIFICATION OF DQ ALPHA POLYMORPHISM USING THE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION." VCU Scholars Compass, 1991. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5213.

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This was a study of detection systems for DQ alpha HLA polymorphism that could be exploited for the demonstration of simulated chimerism. Polymorphic segments of DO alpha DNA were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Simulated chimerism was represented by a mixture of minor and major component DNA. The goal was to detect minor component DNA in the presence of major component DNA utilizing various laboratory techniques. Techniques studied included probe strip typing with the AmpliType HLA-DO Alpha test kit, allele-specific amplification, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, restriction enzymes, and Southern transfer combined with a peroxidase detection system. The AmpliType HLA-DO Alpha test kit had a detection sensitivity of at least 0.2%. This is much better than the 10% detection sensitivity in non-PCR techniques. When the 3.0 DC alpha type was mixed as the minor component with undiluted 1.1 DQ alpha type, the detection sensitivity for the 3.0 DC alpha type increased to a detection level of 0.1%. The allele-specific primers were able to specifically amplify the minor component DNA in the presence of major component DNA. Major component DNA did not amplify and thus did not compete with the minor component DNA for Taq polymerase. The allele-specific primers provided an overall detection sensitivity of 0.2%. Background interference prevented detection of minor component bands on both polyacrylamide gels stained with ethidium bromide and on Southern blots reacted with the peroxidase detection system.
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Wolter, Gwen Annette. "Charakterisierung der Strahlen-induzierten Komplexbildung von DNA-Polymerase [alpha]-Primase [Alpha-Primase] mit dem Tumorsuppressorprotein p53." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=967492394.

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Krawczynska, Karolina. "An investigation of the interaction between MDM2 and DNA polymerase alpha." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533989.

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Burton, Sara Katherine. "DNA-binding proteins associated with DNA polymerase alpha in pea (Pisum sativum)." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357961.

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Liku, Muluye E. "CDK regulation of replication proteins: Mcm2-7 and DNA polymerase alpha primase." Diss., Search in ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. UC Only, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3324598.

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Höpfner, Marco. "Veränderungen des alpha-beta-T-Zell-Rezeptor-Repertoires der zytotoxischen T-Lymphozyten im peripheren Blut bei akuter Hepatitis C-Infektion." Ulm : Universität Ulm, Medizinische Fakultät, 2000. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB9918621.

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Hurt, Nicholas S. "Electronic detection of DNA polymerase complex formation and dissociation using an alpha-hemolysin nanopore /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2009. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Books on the topic "Polymerase alpha"

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Brown, Kevin Robert. The role of a novel 3'-5' exonuclease (exonN) as an accessory to DNA polymerase [alpha]. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2002.

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Lee, David James. Studies on the interaction between the Escherichia coli FNR protein and the RNA polymerase [alpha] subunit. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2000.

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A, Krent͡s︡elʹ B., ed. Polymers and copolymers of higher [alpha]-olefins: Chemistry, technology, applications. Munich: Hanser, 1997.

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[Alpha]-aminoacid-N-carboxy-anhydrides and related heterocycles: Syntheses, properties, peptide synthesis, polymerization. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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Chadwick, John C., and John R. Severn. Tailor-Made Polymers: Via Immobilization of Alpha-Olefin Polymerization Catalysts. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2008.

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Chadwick, John C., and John R. Severn. Tailor-Made Polymers: Via Immobilization of Alpha-Olefin Polymerization Catalysts. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2008.

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(Editor), John R. Severn, and John C. Chadwick (Editor), eds. Tailor-Made Polymers: Via Immobilization of Alpha-Olefin Polymerization Catalysts. Wiley-VCH, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Polymerase alpha"

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Sorokine, Irène, Kamel Ben-Mahrez, Masashi Nakayama, and Masamichi Kohiyama. "Enzymology and Genetics of an Alpha-Like DNA Polymerase from Halobacterium Halobium." In General and Applied Aspects of Halophilic Microorganisms, 313–19. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3730-4_38.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Alpha-." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 30. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_475.

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Newman, C. N., and J. H. Miller. "Response of CHO Cell DNA Polymerase Alpha to dCTP and dTTP Pool Imbalance: Relation to DNA Synthesis Inhibition, Survival and Mutation." In Genetic Consequences of Nucleotide Pool Imbalance, 127–48. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2449-2_8.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Alpha Cellulose." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 30. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_476.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Alpha-Methylstyrene." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 30. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_478.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Alpha Olefins." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 30. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_479.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Alpha Paper." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 30. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_480.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Alpha Particle." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 30. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_481.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Alpha-Pinene." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 30. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_482.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Alpha-Protein." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 30. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_483.

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Conference papers on the topic "Polymerase alpha"

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SAMUDRALA, RAM, YU XIA, MICHAEL LEVITT, NAOMI J. COTTON, ENOCH S. HUANG, and RALPH DAVIS. "Probing structure-function relationships of the DNA polymerase alpha-associated zinc-finger protein using computational approaches." In Proceedings of the Pacific Symposium. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814447331_0017.

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Makvandi, Mehran, Catherine Hou, Kuiying Xu, Redmond-Craig Anderson, Samuel Ander-Effron, Robert H. Mach, John M. Maris, and Daniel A. Pryma. "Abstract B31: Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase 1 as a novel target for alpha-particle therapy in high-risk neuroblastoma." In Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on DNA Repair: Tumor Development and Therapeutic Response; November 2-5, 2016; Montreal, QC, Canada. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1557-3125.dnarepair16-b31.

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Konstantinopoulos, Panagiotis A., William T. Barry, Michael Birrer, Shannon N. Westin, Sarah Farooq, Karen Cadoo, Christin Whalen, et al. "Abstract CT008: Phase I study of the alpha specific PI3-Kinase inhibitor BYL719 and the poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib in recurrent ovarian and breast cancer: Analysis of the dose escalation and ovarian cancer expansion cohort." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2017; April 1-5, 2017; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-ct008.

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DeMeo, Dawn L., Maria Elena Banos, Juan Perez, Lu Tan, Alan F. Barker, Ed Campbell, Edward Eden, et al. "Circulating Polymers Of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin In PI ZZ Subjects." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a4361.

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Ferrarotti, Ilaria, Stefania Ottaviani, Mattia Laffranchi, Valentina Barzon, Alice Maria Balderacchi, Guido Levi, Angelo Guido Corsico, Luciano Corda, Federica Benini, and Anna Maria Fra. "Quantification of circulating alpha-1-antitrypsin polymers in dried blood spots." In ERS International Congress 2020 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.326.

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Tumpara, S., S. Janciauskiene, B. Olejnicka, M. Fromme, P. Strnad, T. Welte, and J. Stolk. "Relationship between plasma alpha-1-antitrypsin polymers and lung or liver function in ZZ alpha-1-antitrypsin deficient patients." In ERS International Congress 2022 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2022.3458.

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Gawas, Kiran, Chandrashekhar Khandekar, Katrina Akita, Janet Ngo, and John Hazlewood. "Optimize Performance Through Customization of Paraffin Inhibitor Molecular Structure." In SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204298-ms.

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Abstract Deposition of high molecular weight paraffins and subsequent plugging is one of the most prevalent flow assurance risks in both onshore and offshore oil and gas production. Several thermal (e.g., insulation, heat treatment), mechanical (e.g., pigging, cutting), and chemical (e.g., paraffin crystal modifiers, dispersants, and solvents) techniques are used for wax deposition prevention and remediation. Various chemistries such as long-chain poly alkyl acrylates, olefin vinyl acetate copolymers, alkyl phenol resins and esterified olefin maleic anhydride polymers are used as wax crystal modifiers. This study investigates the impact of the alpha olefin maleic anhydride co-polymers structure on the composition and deposition of paraffin. Eight different crude samples from condensates to black oils with API gravity in the range of 30 to 50° were studied. The focus of this research is on paraffin inhibitors’ effectiveness in reducing paraffin deposition that is driven by thermal driving force between the bulk oil and the pipe wall. Inhibitor performance was measured by cold finger testing. Three different alpha olefin (short, medium and long) maleic anhydrides esterified with different fatty alcohols with varying chain lengths were tested for performance. The impact of selected chemicals on amount and composition of paraffin deposit under different test conditions was studied. Wax deposit composition was characterized using high temperature gas chromatography (HTGC) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. Effect of pendant side chain length as well as the composition and molecular weight of the alpha-olefin backbone on paraffin inhibition is presented. Additionally, the impact of test conditions on the composition and hence the performance of the selected chemicals is investigated. We present our findings on selective inhibition of lower molecular weight paraffin depending on the composition of the oil, leaving a much harder deposit rich in high molecular weight paraffin. This is an important observation since a hard deposit would be extremely difficult to remediate in the field and should be avoided. In summary this work provides guidelines for tailoring paraffin inhibitor molecules based on crude oil composition and field conditions, through a systematic structure-performance study.
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Pini, Laura, Laura Tiberio, Mara S. Ludwig, Narayanan Venkatesan, Michela Bezzi, M. Novali, Luciano Corda, Luisa Schiaffonati, and Claudio Tantucci. "The Role Of Alpha1-Antitrypsin (AAT) Z Polymers In The Lung Of Patients With Alpha1-Antitrypsin Deficiency (AATD)." In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a4166.

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Pini, Laura, Luciano Corda, Guido Levi, Laura Tiberio, Chiara Rocchetti, Marianna Arici, Jordan Franz Giordani, and Claudio Tantucci. "Z-alpha1-antitrypsin polymers and small airways disease: a new paradigm in COPD development?" In ERS International Congress 2020 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.965.

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Rawal, Atul, Kristen L. Rhinehardt, and Ram V. Mohan. "Mechanical Behavior of Collagen Mimetic Peptides Under Fraying Deformation via Molecular Dynamics." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11492.

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Abstract Collagen is a pervasive, triple helical, extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, found in human body from skin and bones to blood vessels and lungs, making it biocompatible, biodegradable, capable of cell attachment, and relevant for applications in bio-polymers, tissue engineering and a plethora of other bio-medical fields. Natural collagen’s extraction from natural sources is time consuming, sometimes costly, and it is difficult to render, and could present undesired biological and pathogenic changes. Nanoscale collagen mimetic peptides (Synthetic Collagen), without the unwanted biological entities present in the medium, has shown to mimic the unique properties that are present in natural collagen. Synthetic collagen, thus provides a superior alternative compared to natural collagen for its utilization in several applications. Their properties are affected by surrounding environments, including various solvents, and can be tailored toward specific applications. The focus of this paper is to investigate the mechanical properties of these nanoscale collagen mimetic peptides with lengths of about 10nm, leading to understanding of their feasibility in bio-printing of a composite polymeric collagen biomaterial with a blend of multiple synthetic collagen molecules. Molecular dynamics modeling is used to simulate, model and analyze mechanical properties of synthetic collagen peptides. In particular, mechanical behavior of these peptides are studied. An in-depth insight into the deformation and structural properties of the collagen peptides are of innovative significance for a multitude of bio medical engineering applications. Present paper employed steered molecular dynamics as the principal method of investigating the mechanical properties of nanoscale collagen mimetic peptide 1BKV, which closely resembles natural collagen with a shorter sequence length of 30 amino acids. A detailed comprehension of the protein’s mechanical properties is investigated through fraying deformation behavior studied. A calculated Gibbs free energy value of 40 Kcal/mol corresponds with a complete unfolding of a single alpha-helix peptide chain from a triple helical protein in case of fraying. Force needed for complete separation of the alpha-helix from the triple-helical protein is analyzed, and discussed in this paper.
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Reports on the topic "Polymerase alpha"

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Kuchta, Robert D. Fidelity Mechanisms of DNA Polymerase Alpha. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada499543.

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Hecht, Sidney M. Inhibition of Malarial DNA Polymerase Alpha. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/adb151470.

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Schwartz, Bertha, Vaclav Vetvicka, Ofer Danai, and Yitzhak Hadar. Increasing the value of mushrooms as functional foods: induction of alpha and beta glucan content via novel cultivation methods. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600033.bard.

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During the granting period, we performed the following projects: Firstly, we differentially measured glucan content in several pleurotus mushroom strains. Mushroom polysaccharides are edible polymers that have numerous reported biological functions; the most common effects are attributed to β-glucans. In recent years, it became apparent that the less abundant α-glucans also possess potent effects in various health conditions. In our first study, we explored several Pleurotus species for their total, β and α-glucan content. Pleurotuseryngii was found to have the highest total glucan concentrations and the highest α-glucans proportion. We also found that the stalks (stipe) of the fruit body contained higher glucan content then the caps (pileus). Since mushrooms respond markedly to changes in environmental and growth conditions, we developed cultivation methods aiming to increase the levels of α and β-glucans. Using olive mill solid waste (OMSW) from three-phase olive mills in the cultivation substrate. We were able to enrich the levels mainly of α-glucans. Maximal total glucan concentrations were enhanced up to twice when the growth substrate contained 80% of OMSW compared to no OMSW. Taking together this study demonstrate that Pleurotuseryngii can serve as a potential rich source of glucans for nutritional and medicinal applications and that glucan content in mushroom fruiting bodies can be further enriched by applying OMSW into the cultivation substrate. We then compared the immune-modulating activity of glucans extracted from P. ostreatus and P. eryngii on phagocytosis of peripheral blood neutrophils, and superoxide release from HL-60 cells. The results suggest that the anti-inflammatory properties of these glucans are partially mediated through modulation of neutrophileffector functions (P. eryngiiwas more effective). Additionally, both glucans dose-dependently competed for the anti-Dectin-1 and anti-CR3 antibody binding. We then tested the putative anti-inflammatory effects of the extracted glucans in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)–induced model in mice. The clinical symptoms of IBD were efficiently relieved by the treatment with two different doses of the glucan from both fungi. Glucan fractions, from either P. ostreatus or P. eryngii, markedly prevented TNF-α mediated inflammation in the DSS–induced inflamed intestine. These results suggest that there are variations in glucan preparations from different fungi in their anti-inflammatory ability. In our next study, we tested the effect of glucans on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of TNF-α. We demonstrated that glucan extracts are more effective than mill mushroom preparations. Additionally, the effectiveness of stalk-derived glucans were slightly more pronounced than of caps. Cap and stalk glucans from mill or isolated glucan competed dose-dependently with anti-Dectin-and anti-CR-3 antibodies, indicating that they contain β-glucans recognized by these receptors. Using the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-inflammatory bowel disease mice model, intestinal inflammatory response to the mill preparations was measured and compared to extracted glucan fractions from caps and stalks. We found that mill and glucan extracts were very effective in downregulatingIFN-γ and MIP-2 levels and that stalk-derived preparations were more effective than from caps. The tested glucans were equally effective in regulating the number of CD14/CD16 monocytes and upregulating the levels of fecal-released IgA to almost normal levels. In conclusion, the most effective glucans in ameliorating some IBD-inflammatory associated symptoms induced by DSS treatment in mice were glucan extracts prepared from the stalk of P. eryngii. These spatial distinctions may be helpful in selecting more effective specific anti-inflammatory mushrooms-derived glucans. We additionally tested the effect of glucans on lipopolysaccharide-induced production of TNF-α, which demonstrated stalk-derived glucans were more effective than of caps-derived glucans. Isolated glucans competed with anti-Dectin-1 and anti-CR3 antibodies, indicating that they contain β-glucans recognized by these receptors. In conclusion, the most effective glucans in ameliorating IBD-associated symptoms induced by DSS treatment in mice were glucan extracts prepared from the stalk of P. eryngii grown at higher concentrations of OMSW. We conclude that these stress-induced growing conditions may be helpful in selecting more effective glucans derived from edible mushrooms. Based on the findings that we could enhance glucan content in Pleurotuseryngii following cultivation of the mushrooms on a substrate containing different concentrations of olive mill solid waste (OMSW) and that these changes are directly related to the content of OMSW in the growing substrate we tested the extracted glucans in several models. Using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)–inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mice model, we measured the colonic inflammatory response to the different glucan preparations. We found that the histology damaging score (HDS) resulting from DSS treatment reach a value of 11.8 ± 2.3 were efficiently downregulated by treatment with the fungal extracted glucans, glucans extracted from stalks cultivated at 20% OMSWdownregulated to a HDS value of 6.4 ± 0.5 and at 80% OMSW showed the strongest effects (5.5 ± 0.6). Similar downregulatory effects were obtained for expression of various intestinal cytokines. All tested glucans were equally effective in regulating the number of CD14/CD16 monocytes from 18.2 ± 2.7 % for DSS to 6.4 ± 2.0 for DSS +glucans extracted from stalks cultivated at 50% OMSW. We finally tested glucans extracted from Pleurotuseryngii grown on a substrate containing increasing concentrations of olive mill solid waste (OMSW) contain greater glucan concentrations as a function of OMSW content. Treatment of rat Intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) transiently transfected with Nf-κB fused to luciferase demonstrated that glucans extracted from P. eryngii stalks grown on 80% OMSWdownregulatedTNF-α activation. Glucans from mushrooms grown on 80% OMSW exerted the most significant reducing activity of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated J774A.1 murine macrophages. The isolated glucans were tested in vivo using the Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS) induced colitis in C57Bl/6 mice and found to reduce the histology damaging score resulting from DSS treatment. Expression of various intestinal cytokines were efficiently downregulated by treatment with the fungal extracted glucans. We conclude that the stress-induced growing conditions exerted by OMSW induces production of more effective anti-inflammatory glucans in P. eryngii stalks.
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