Relevant bibliographies by topics / Polymer tip

Academic literature on the topic 'Polymer tip'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 July 2024

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Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Journal articles on the topic "Polymer tip":

1

Latorre, R., A. Muller, J. Y. Billard, and A. Houlier. "Investigation of the Role of Polymer on the Delay of Tip Vortex Cavitation." Journal of Fluids Engineering 126, no. 5 (September 1, 2004): 724–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1792260.

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Cavitation tunnel measurements have shown tip vortex cavitation inception is delayed when polymers are injected from the hydrofoil tip. Experiments with polymers have also shown that the polymers cause the cavitation to become more violent. To better understand the role of polymer in the delay of tip vortex cavitation, a theoretical analysis of tip vortex cavitation inception in pure water and in polymer solution is presented. The analysis shows that while polymer injection causes instability in small bubbles, its main effect is an increase in tip vortex core radius, resulting in the delay of tip vortex cavitation inception.
2

Engler, Anthony, Jared Schwartz, and Paul Kohl. "(Student Award, 1st Place, Invited) Rapid Nanometer Scale Patterning Using New High-Sensitivity, Dry-Develop Resists." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 18 (October 9, 2022): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-0218867mtgabs.

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A family of high-resolution, photo-thermal resists based on low ceiling temperature copolymers has been developed and used in a nanometer scale, direct-write thermal patterning tool. The polymer resists are composed of cyclic, low ceiling temperature (Tc) poly(aldehydes). Tc is the thermodynamic temperature which separates polymer from monomer. The Tc of the polymers is below room temperature making the polymer meta-stable at room temperature. The resists very rapidly and cleanly decompose into monomer only when triggered during patterning because the mechanism of depolymerization is suppressed. Cleaving a single bond in the polymer chain initiates the spontaneous and complete depolymerization of the polymer. The use of these low Tc polymers in thermal scanning probe lithography to resolve nanometer size features will be described. Laser ablation of the same polymers has been demonstrated in thermal scanning probe tools allowing for the rapid removal of large areas of the resist adding speed to the hot-tip thermal patterning capability. A particular advantage of the laser assisted thermal scanning probe patterning tools is the ability to form three-dimensional features both by hot-tip patterning and laser ablation.
3

Han, Chung-Souk, Seyed H. R. Sanei, and Farid Alisafaei. "On the origin of indentation size effects and depth dependent mechanical properties of elastic polymers." Journal of Polymer Engineering 36, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2015-0030.

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Abstract Indentation size effects have been observed in both polymers and metals but, unlike in metals, the origin of size effects in polymers is not well understood. To clarify the role of second order gradients of displacements, a model polymer is examined with spherical and Berkovich tips at probing depths between 5 and 25 μm. Applying different theories to determine the elastic modulus, it is found that with a pyramidal tip, the elastic modulus increases with decreasing indentation depth, while tests with the spherical tip yielded essentially constant values for the elastic modulus independent of indentation depth. The differences between these tips are attributed to second order displacement gradients, as they remain essentially constant with a spherical tip while they increase in magnitude with decreasing indentation depth applying a Berkovich tip.
4

King, William P., and Kenneth E. Goodson. "Thermomechanical Formation of Nanoscale Polymer Indents With a Heated Silicon Tip." Journal of Heat Transfer 129, no. 11 (January 15, 2007): 1600–1604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2764088.

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In thermomechanical data storage, a heated atomic force microscope cantilever tip is in contact with and scans over a polymer film. Heating in the cantilever and cantilever tip induces local deformation of the polymer near the tip, with indents as small as 22nm. This paper reports a simple modeling approach for predicting heat and mass transfer in the cantilever tip and polymer with the goal of predicting indent formation conditions. The model accounts for subcontinuum conduction in the cantilever tip and for the time- and temperature-dependent mechanical properties of the polymer. Simulations predict steady state and transient indent formation, and the results compare well with data. For loading forces 30–200nN and a tip radius of 20nm, a cantilever temperature of 200°C is required to form an indent at steady state. For heating pulses as short as 5μs, the cantilever temperature required for bit formation is as high as 500°C. By quantifying the conditions required for indent formation, this work may improve the operation of heated probes for thermomechanical data storage.
5

OKAWA, Yuji, Daisuke TAKAJO, and Masakazu AONO. "Polymer Nanowires Fabricated Using a Tip." Kobunshi 56, no. 6 (2007): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/kobunshi.56.436.

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6

Fruman, D. H., and S. S. Aflalo. "Tip Vortex Cavitation Inhibition by Drag-Reducing Polymer Solutions." Journal of Fluids Engineering 111, no. 2 (June 1, 1989): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3243625.

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This paper presents previous and recent results obtained by the authors concerning the modification of the tip vortex cavitation of a finite span hydrofoil by drag-reducing polymer solutions. Experiments were conducted with homogeneous solutions and with semidilute solutions ejected at the tip of the wing. Measurements of the onset cavitation number for tip vortex cavitation, hydrodynamic forces on the hydrofoil and tangential velocities in the tip vortex have been conducted. The results show that tip vortex cavitation is inhibited in all cases but for different reasons. In homogeneous polymer solutions the lift of the hydrofoil, and hence the circulation, is considerably reduced leading to a less intense vortex as shown by tangential velocity measurements. With semidilute polymer solution ejections there is no noticeable change of the hydrodynamic forces but a significant modification of the tangential velocities in the core region. The mechanism for tip vortex cavitation inhibition is thus completely different in these two situations.
7

Donescu, Dan, Sever Serban, Kristiana Gosa, and Cristian Petcu. "Polymer-Titanium hybrids obtained by radical polymerization and Sol-Gel process." Open Chemistry 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 10–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bf02476234.

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AbstractThe possibility to prepare hybrids made by poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and/or poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEtA) with TiO2 was studied. The processes of polymer formation-radical polymerization and sol-gel process for inorganic network —were achieved simultaneously. Due to a high reactivity of titanium isopropoxide (TIP) in the sol-gel process, a complexant comonomer, allyl acetoacetate (AlAcAc), was used. Covalent bonds between polymer and inorganic chains were obtained by addition of trialkoxysilane derivates with vinyl (VTES) or methacryloyl (MPTS) groups. The presence of TIP inhibits the radical polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc). The PVAc-TiO2 hybrids were produced by the sol-gel process of TIP in the presence of pre-obtained PVAc. Except for VTES and MPTS, trialkoxysilane derivates with methyl (MeTES), octyl (OTES) and phenyl (PTES) groups were used. The thermal stability of hybrids is strongly affected by TiO2 presence and by the type of trialkoxysilane derivates. The thermal stability of PVAc hybrids decreases in the presence of TiO2 inorganic network. The glass transition temperature of polymers increases in the presence of the inorganic network.
8

Klapperich, C., K. Komvopoulos, and L. Pruitt. "Nanomechanical Properties of Polymers Determined From Nanoindentation Experiments." Journal of Tribology 123, no. 3 (July 25, 2000): 624–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1330736.

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The nanomechanical properties of various polymers were examined in light of nanoindentation experiments performed with a diamond tip of nominal radius of curvature of about 20 μm under conditions of maximum contact load in the range of 150–600 μN and loading/unloading rates between 7.5 and 600 μN/s. The elastic modulus of each polymer was determined from the unloading material response using the compliance method, whereas the hardness was calculated as the maximum contact load divided by the corresponding projected area, obtained from the known tip shape function. It is shown that while the elastic modulus decreases with increasing indentation depth, the polymer hardness tends to increase, especially for the polymers possessing amorphous microstructures or less crystallinity. Differences in the material properties, surface adhesion, and time-dependent deformation behavior are interpreted in terms of the microstructure, crystallinity, and surface chemical state of the polymers. Results obtained at different maximum loads and loading rates demonstrate that the nanoindentation technique is an effective method of differentiating the mechanical behavior of polymeric materials with different microstructures.
9

Hosseini, Nahid, Matthias Neuenschwander, Oliver Peric, Santiago H. Andany, Jonathan D. Adams, and Georg E. Fantner. "Integration of sharp silicon nitride tips into high-speed SU8 cantilevers in a batch fabrication process." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 10 (November 29, 2019): 2357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.10.226.

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Employing polymer cantilevers has shown to outperform using their silicon or silicon nitride analogues concerning the imaging speed of atomic force microscopy (AFM) in tapping mode (intermittent contact mode with amplitude modulation) by up to one order of magnitude. However, tips of the cantilever made out of a polymer material do not meet the requirements for tip sharpness and durability. Combining the high imaging bandwidth of polymer cantilevers with making sharp and wear-resistant tips is essential for a future adoption of polymer cantilevers in routine AFM use. In this work, we have developed a batch fabrication process to integrate silicon nitride tips with an average tip radius of 9 ± 2 nm into high-speed SU8 cantilevers. Key aspects of the process are the mechanical anchoring of a moulded silicon nitride tip and a two-step release process. The fabrication recipe can be adjusted to any photo-processable polymer cantilever.
10

Vacher, Robin, and Astrid S. de Wijn. "Nanoscale friction and wear of a polymer coated with graphene." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 13 (January 14, 2022): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.13.4.

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Friction and wear of polymers at the nanoscale is a challenging problem due to the complex viscoelastic properties and structure. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate how a graphene sheet on top of the semicrystalline polymer polyvinyl alcohol affects the friction and wear. Our setup is meant to resemble an AFM experiment with a silicon tip. We have used two different graphene sheets, namely an unstrained, flat sheet, and one that has been crumpled before being deposited on the polymer. The graphene protects the top layer of the polymer from wear and reduces the friction. The unstrained flat graphene is stiffer, and we find that it constrains the polymer chains and reduces the indentation depth.
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Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Polymer tip":

1

Xie, Shaoxiong. "COMPARATIVE STUDY ON TIP/TIA/ZRP/TEOS MODIFIED EPOXIDES RESIN: ANTI-CORROSION PERFORMANCE." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1534159109126582.

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Agapov, Rebecca L. "Advanced Scanning Probe Techniques for the Study of Polymer Surfaces." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1352922649.

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3

Rice, Reginald H. "Atomic force microscopy studies of thermal, mechanical and velocity dependent wear of thin polymer films." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/14955.

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Master of Science
Department of Physics
Robert Szoszkiewicz
Nanoscale modifications of polymer surfaces by scratching them with sharp tips with curvature radii of tens of nanometers and at variable temperatures are expected to provide wealth of information characterizing wear response of these polymers. Such studies are important in the light of understanding the nanoscale behavior of matter for future applications in advanced polymer coatings. This thesis describes how Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and hot-tip AFM (HT-AFM) methods were used to characterize thermal and mechanical properties of a 30 nm thick film of poly(styrene-block-ethylene oxide), PS-b-PEO, and modify its lamellar surface patterns. Additionally, it is revealed how contact AFM and HT-AFM methods can efficiently characterize the wear response of two popular polymer surfaces, poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, and polystyrene, PS. The AFM and HT-AFM studies on PS-b-PEO copolymer were aimed at producing spatial alignment of respective PS and PEO parts. Instead, however, surface ripples were obtained. These measurements are explained using mode I crack propagation model and stick-and-slip behavior of an AFM tip. In addition, HT-AFM studies allowed extraction of several thermo-physical properties of a PS-b-PEO film at local volumes containing about 30 attograms of a polymer. These thermo-physical quantities are: PEO melting enthalpy of, 111 ± 88 J g[superscript]-1, PS-b-PEO local specific heat of 3.6 ± 2.7 J g[superscript]-1K[superscript]-1, and molecular free energy of Helmholtz of 10[superscript]-20 J nm[superscript]-2 for the PEO within PS-b-PEO. Utilizing a spiral scan pattern at constant angular speed and at various temperatures at the AFM tip-polymer interfaces, the wear response of PS and PMMA polymers was characterized. Cross-sections along the obtained spiral wear patterns provided plots of polymer corrugation as a function of scanning speed. From these studies it was found that the corrugation of the modified polymer surface decays exponentially with linear velocity of the scanning tip.
4

Hazra, Sumit Kumar. "Crazing and yielding in polyethylene under impact." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369223.

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5

León, Albiter Noel. "On the fracture behavior of ductile polymer films : notch quality, essential work of fracture, J-integral, and crack tip opening displacement." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/565501.

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Polymers have a wide range of applications. Their ability to be shaped into multiple forms makes it possible to obtain polymer films, which are highly used in industries such as food and pharmaceuticals. Characterization of polymer films using the classical mechanical properties is well-defined; however, this is not the case for the fracture properties. The overall aim of this work was to analyze in full-detail the fracture behavior of ductile polymer films by applying the appropriate fracture mechanics approaches. The first part of the thesis aimed to investigate the existing relationships between the specific essential work of fracture, the J-value at crack initiation, and crack tip opening displacement at crack initiation values and find clear evidence that makes the specific essential work of fracture the specific energy at crack initiation, that is, an initiation value. To do this, the digital image correlation technique was applied in double edge notched tension specimens. Applying this technique makes it possible to measure the displacement and ligament length at the same time, allowing that the essential work of fracture, the J-integral, and the crack tip opening displacement fracture approaches to be performed in a single set of double edge notched tension specimens. The second part of the thesis was focused on analyzing the influence of the notch quality on the fracture behavior. The specimen preparation, particularly the notch sharpening technique, has been studied in more depth. With the purpose of seeing the influence of the notch sharpening procedure, several techniques have been used, including femtosecond laser ablation, razor blade sliding on specimens at room temperature and frozen by liquid nitrogen, saw cutting, plastically deformed saw cutting, scalpel sliding and drilled holes used as notches. The results revealed that all of the femtolaser sharpened notches had very consistent, sharp notches without plastic deformation in front of the notch tip. Instead, the razor blade sliding technique (the generalized way to sharpen notches in ductile polymer films) produced very sharp cracks, as sharp as the femtolaser ones, but the different compressive component of the sliding force that was applied by the operator generated notches with different levels of plastic deformation ahead of the notch tip. As different notch sharpening techniques produce different levels of plastic deformation at the crack tip, differences would also be expected in the shape and size of the stress-displacement curves. In the third part of the thesis, the shape and size of the stress-displacement curves that were notched in distinct ways were analyzed to clarify their EWF behavior. In the propagation region, it is also identified the parabolic shape of the stress-displacement curves, which modeled relates the specific non-essential work of fracture with the stress at crack initiation and the extension ratio during the crack growth.
Los materiales poliméricos poseen un amplio rango de aplicaciones. Su habilidad de adquirir múltiples formas hace posible obtener películas de polímero, las cuales son altamente usadas en industrias como la de alimentos y productos farmacéuticos. La caracterización de dichas películas de polímero usando propiedades mecánicas clásicas se encuentra bien definido; sin embargo, este no es el caso con las propiedades a fractura. El objetivo general de este trabajo fue analizar en detalle el comportamiento a fractura de películas de polímero dúctiles mediante la aplicación de los enfoques adecuados de la mecánica de la fractura. La primera parte de la tesis investiga las relaciones existentes entre el trabajo esencial específico de fractura, el valor de la integral J de iniciación del crecimiento de la grieta y el desplazamiento crítico para la apertura de la punta de la grieta, ademas de encontrar pruebas claras que hacen al trabajo esencial específico de fractura la energía específica necesaria para el crecimiento de grieta, es decir, un valor de iniciación. Para hacer esto, se aplicó la técnica de correlación de imágenes digitales a probetas de doble entalla sometidas a tracción. Esta técnica permite medir el desplazamiento y la longitud de ligamento al mismo tiempo, lo que hace posible que el trabajo esencial de fractura, la integral J y el desplazamiento de apertura en la punta de la grieta se puedan realizar en un único conjunto de probetas de doble entalla sometidas a tracción. La segunda parte de la tesis se centró en analizar la influencia de la calidad de la entalla en el comportamiento a la fractura. La preparación de la muestra, particularmente la técnica de agudización empleada en la entalla, se ha estudiado con mas profundidad. Con el propósito de ver la influencia del procedimiento de agudización de la entalla, se han utilizado varias técnicas, entre las que se incluyen la ablación con láser de femtosegundo, agudización con cuchilla de afeitar sobre muestras a temperatura ambiente y congeladas con nitrógeno líquido, entallas realizadas con corte de sierra, entallas realizadas con corte de sierra deformadas plásticamente, agudización con bisturí y agujeros taladrados usados como entallas. los resultados revelaron que todas las entallas agudizadas con femtolaser eran muy consistentes y agudas, sin deformación plástica en frente de la punta de la grieta. En cambio, la técnica con cuchilla de afeitar produjo grietas muy agudas, tan agudas como las del femtolaser, pero diferencias en la fuerza compresiva usada por parte del operador al momento de aplicar la técnica, generó entallas con diferentes niveles de deformación plástica por delante de la punta de la grieta. Ya que las diferentes técnicas de agudización producen diferentes niveles de deformación plástica en la punta de la grieta, también se esperarían diferencias en la forma y el tamaño de la curvas tensión - desplazamiento. En la tercera parte de la tesis, la forma y el tamaño de curvas tensión - desplazamiento de especímenes que fueron entallados de diversas maneras fueron analizadas con el objetivo de clarificar su comportamiento a fractura. También, en la región de propagación se identifica la forma parabólica de las curvas tensión - desplazamiento, la cual modelada relaciona el trabajo especifico no esencial de fractura con la tensión de iniciación de crecimiento de grieta y la razón de extensión durante el crecimiento de grieta
6

Pham, Thi Nhung. "Fabry-Perot interferometer based on end-of-fiber polymer microtip for chemical sensing." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0006.

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Les interféromètres Fabry-Perot (FPI) ont reçu un grand intérêt pour leur utilisation en tant que capteurs. Les FPI sont constitués d'une cavité optique avec des surfaces parallèles qui réfléchissent la lumière incidente, produisant un signal interférométrique optique. Ce signal dépend de la distance entre les surfaces réfléchissantes et de l'indice de réfraction de la cavité, qui sont sensibles aux variations d’humidité, de température, de pression et du matériau. Les FPI peuvent être attachés à des fibres optiques, qui fonctionnent comme un guide d'ondes pour le signal incident et le signal réfléchi, et former ainsi des capteurs compacts. Cette thèse présente des capteurs chimiques à base de FPI incorporant une micropointe en polymère structurée à l'extrémité d'une fibre optique, étudiés pour la détection d'humidité, d'eau et de cibles chimiques.Tout d'abord, nous développons une pointe de triacrylate de pentaérythritol (PETA) sur la facette d'une fibre optique par photopolymérisation autoguidée. Une extrémité de la fibre est placée dans une goutte de PETA et la photopolymérisation est activée par un laser de 375 nm injecté à l'autre extrémité de la fibre. Les conditions optimales pour former une pointe PETA mécaniquement stable sont 1μW de puissance laser × 1s de temps d'exposition. Cependant, les chaînes PETA ne sont pas complètement polymérisées lors de cette étape, ce qui entraîne une fréquence de résonance instable de la pointe. La pointe doit donc être post-polymérisée sous une lampe UV de 365nm pour obtenir une caractéristique dynamique stable, avant leur application en tant que capteur.Deuxièmement, nous démontrons que la pointe PETA est un capteur efficace pour détecter l'humidité. Elle fonctionne comme une cavité optique formée entre le cœur de la fibre/PETA et l'interface PETA/environnement, ce qui permet d'obtenir un signal interférométrique clair. Le signal FPI de la pointe est très sensible à l'humidité de l'air grâce aux groupes hydroxyles du PETA, qui absorbent les molécules d'eau dans l'air humide, induisant un gonflement de la pointe. La longueur et/ou l'indice de réfraction sont donc modifiés, ce qui entraîne une variation du signal interférométrique. La pointe présente une sensibilité constante de 90 pm/%RH, équivalent à une sensibilité relative de 104 ppm/%RH pour une plage d'humidité de 30 à 80 %. La détection est hautement reproductible et stable. En outre, l'effet de la température est négligeable, favorisant leur potentiel d’application.Ensuite, nous appliquons les pointes PETA basées sur le FPI pour déterminer la teneur en eau de solutions de glycérol et d'éthylène glycol. Le signal FPI de la pointe PETA varie de manière non linéaire lorsque la teneur en eau passe de 0 à 100% en poids. La variation du signal FPI est due à la contraction de la pointe, qui est liée à la perte d'eau à l'intérieur de la structure PETA. Lorsque la contamination par l'eau est inférieure à 10%, la pointe présente une sensibilité de 394 pm/wt.% et 226 pm/wt.% pour les solutions de glycérol et d'éthylène glycol, respectivement. Ainsi, la pointe PETA basée sur le FPI présente un grand potentiel pour la détermination de la teneur en eau de solutions aqueuses, y compris les hydrocarbures.Enfin, une pointe constituée d'un cœur PETA et d'une enveloppe de polymères à empreintes moléculaires (MIP) a été mise au point pour détecter la Dansyl-L-phénylalanine. La pointe PETA est initialement fabriquée en utilisant la polymérisation autoguidée et les MIP sont ensuite copolymérisés pour former une fine couche d'enveloppe autour de la pointe PETA. Lors de la détection sélective de la Dansyl-L-phénylalanine, l'indice de réfraction de la couche de MIP change, ce qui entraîne une modification du signal FPI de l'ensemble de la pointe PETA/MIP. Cette méthode simple offre de nouvelles possibilités pour créer des capteurs à fibre optique MIP à base de FPI applicables à une large gamme d'analytes, qu’ils soient fluorescents ou non
Fabry−Perot interferometers (FPIs) have received a significant attention for their use in sensor applications. FPIs consist of an optical cavity with separate parallel reflecting surfaces which reflect incident light, resulting in an optical interferometric signal. The FPI signal depends on the distance between the reflecting surfaces and the refractive index of the cavity medium, which are sensitive to variation of environment humidity, temperature, pressure, and material. FPIs can be attached to optical fibers to form compact fiber optic FPI-based sensors in which the optical fiber works as a waveguide for both incident and reflected signal. This thesis presents FPI-based chemical sensors incorporating a polymer microtip located at the end of an optical fiber and characterizes their sensing capabilities for humidity, water, and chemical targets.Firstly, we develop a pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) tip on the facet of an optical fiber by a self-guiding photopolymerization. One end of the optical fiber is placed inside a PETA droplet and the self-guiding photopolymerization of PETA is actuated by a 375 nm laser injected to the other end of the fiber. The optimal conditions to form a straight and mechanically stable PETA tip are 1.0 μW of laser power × 1.0 second of exposure time. However, the PETA chains do not completely polymerize during this self-polymerization, leading to an unstable dynamic resonant frequency of the tip. Thus, the tip needs a post-polymerization under a UV 365 nm lamp to achieve a stable dynamic characteristic, which is applicable for further sensing applications.Secondly, we demonstrate the PETA tip as an effective sensor to detect humidity. The PETA tip acts as an optical cavity formed between the fiber-core/PETA and the PETA/environment interface, resulting in a clear interferometric signal. The FPI signal of the tip is highly sensitive to humidity in the air. This is due to hydroxyl groups within the PETA structure, which strongly absorb water molecules in the humid air and significantly swell the tip. The length and/or the refractive index of the tip are therefore changed, resulting in a FPI shift. The tip exhibits a consistent sensitivity of 90pm/%RH, equivalent to a relative sensitivity of 104 ppm/%RH in the humidity range from 30 to 80%. The sensing performance is highly reproducible and stable. Furthermore, the cross effect of the temperature is negligible, indicating a great practical potential for the devices.Next, we apply the FPI-based PETA tips to determine the water content in glycerol and ethylene glycol solutions. The FPI signal of the PETA tip shifts nonlinearly towards longer wavelengths as the water content increases from 0 to 100 wt.%. The shift in the FPI signal occurs due to the contraction in the tip length, which is linked to the loss of water inside the PETA structure caused by the hydrophilic solutions. When the water contamination is below 10 wt.%, the tip shows a sensitivity of 394 pm/wt.% and 226 pm/wt.% for glycerol and ethylene glycol solutions, respectively. Therefore, the FPI-based PETA tip shows a great potential in determining water content in hydrophilic aqueous solutions, including hydrocarbons.Finally, a tip consisting of a PETA core and a shell of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) is developed for detecting Dansyl-L-phenylalanine. The PETA tip is initially fabricated using the self-guiding polymerization and MIPs are then copolymerized to form a thin shell layer around the PETA tip. Upon the selective binding of Dansyl-L-phenylalanine, the refractive index of the MIP layer changes, leading to the change in the FPI signal of the whole PETA/MIP tip. This straightforward and affordable method offers new innovative possibilities for creating FPI-based MIP fiber optic sensors, which can be applied for a wide range of analytes, including both non-fluorescent and fluorescent targets
7

Shi, Xian [Verfasser], and Achim [Akademischer Betreuer] Hartschuh. "Tip-enhanced near-field optical microscopy of single-walled carbon nanotube/polymer conjugates and improvements of the image contrast / Xian Shi ; Betreuer: Achim Hartschuh." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1151447404/34.

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8

Barrios, Carlos A. "Modified Scanning Probes for the Analysis of Polymer Surfaces." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1249315424.

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9

Solomão, Zenaide. "Desenvolvimento e caracterização de compósitos de Poli (E-Caprolactona) PCL e ß-Fosfato Tricálcico (ß-TCP) para uso em biomateriais." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263534.

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Abstract:
Orientador: Cecília Amélia de Carvalho Zavaglia
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
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Resumo: A utilização de biomateriais para substituir, reparar tecidos e órgãos lesados dos seres humanos tem aumentado muito ultimamente devido a diversos fatores como o crescimento da população e a sua maior expectativa de vida. A engenharia tecidual é um campo interdisciplinar que integra princípios da biologia celular e molecular, química, genética, ciências dos materiais e engenharia biomédica, para produzir compósitos tridimensionais inovativos, capazes de substituir tecidos biológicos. O desenvolvimento de novo biomaterial pode ajudar a solucionar este problema, utilizando o método de evaporação de solvente. Este trabalho teve como objetivos: sintetizar e caracterizar o ß-TCP através do método via seca; desenvolver e caracterizar as membranas de poli ('epsilon'-caprolactona) densas e porosas (scaffolds) utilizando dois solventes; preparar e caracterizar os compósitos densos e porosos PCL/ß-TCP; fazer uma avaliação da biocompatibilidade in vitro desses materiais. As seguintes técnicas de caracterização foram utilizadas: MO, MEV, EDS, DRX, TGA,DSC, ensaios mecânicos de tração, teste de viabilidade celular e atividade de fosfatase alcalina. Foi também analisada a sua degradação hidrolitica em solução tampão fosfato (PBS). Essas técnicas foram adequadas para diferenciar as amostras preparadas com os dois solventes utilizados: clorofórmio e diclorometano. Os ensaios mostraram que o último forneceu amostras mais resistentes mecanicamente, mantendo as propriedades térmicas do PCL puro sem alterações, com a adição das partículas do ß-TCP. A biocompatibilidade foi analisada através das normas conhecidas (ASTM e ABNT) e foi possível concluir que os materiais confeccionados são biocompativeis e a atividade de fosfatase alcalina (ALP) favoreceu o crescimento celular na membrana porosa. As avaliações in vitro não mostraram mudanças significativas nas composições preparadas com o solvente clorofórmio. Os materiais estudados possuem um grande potencial para aplicação em substitutos do tecido ósseo
Abstract: The use of biomaterials to replace, repair damaged tissues and organs of humans has greatly increased lately due to various factors such as population growth and greater life expectancy. Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that incorporates principles of molecular and cellular biology, chemistry, genetics, materials science and biomedical engineering to produce innovative three-dimensional composites, capable of replacing tissue. The development of new biomaterial can help solutions this problem by using on whole of evaporation of solvent. This work aimed to synthesize and characterize the ß-TCP by the dry method; develop and characterize the membranes of poly ('épsilon'-caprolactone) porous and dense (scaffolds) using two solvents, to prepare and characterize the dense and porous PCL composites / ß-TCP, perform an evaluation of in vitro biocompatibility of these materials. The following characterization techniques were used: OM, SEM, EDS, XRD, TGA, DSC, mechanical testing, testing cell viability, alkaline phosphatase activity. We also analyzed its hydrolytic degradation in phosphate buffer solution (PBS). These techniques were adequate to differentiate the samples prepared with two solvents used, chloroform and dichloromethane. The tests showed that the samples provided last more mechanically resistant, keeping the thermal properties of pure PCL unchanged with the addition of particles of ß-TCP. The biocompatibility was determined by known standards (ASTM and ABNT) and we can conclude that the materials are biocompatible and made (ALP), promoted cell growth in the porous membrane. The in vitro evaluations showed no significant changes in the compositions prepared with the solvent chloroform. The materials studied have a great potential for application in bone tissue substitutes
Mestrado
Materiais e Processos de Fabricação
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Liang, Wenfeng. "Metal Organic Composites Derived Tin Dioxide/C Nanoparticles For Sodium-Ion Battery." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1460304081.

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Books on the topic "Polymer tip":

1

Shilo, A. E. Oksidopolimernye materialy matrichnogo tipa. Kiev: Nauk. dumka, 1989.

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Friesen, Christi. Down under: Tips, techniques, inspirational ramblings, creative nudgings and step-by-step instructions to help you create. Tehachapi, CA: CF Books, 2008.

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Morales, Wilfredo. Infrared analysis of vapor phase deposited tricresylphosphate (TCP). [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Morales, Wilfredo. Infrared analysis of vapor phase deposited tricresylphosphate (TCP). [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Blay, Vincent, Luis Francisco Bobadilla, and Alejandro Cabrera, eds. Zeolites and Metal-Organic Frameworks. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462985568.

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Zeolites are natural or synthetic materials with porous chemical structures that are valuable due to their absorptive and catalytic qualities. Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are manmade organometallic polymers with similar porous structures. This introductory book, with contributions from top-class researchers from all around the world, examines these materials and explains the different synthetic routes available to prepare zeolites and MOFs. The book also highlights how the substances are similar yet different and how they are used by science and industry in situations ranging from fueling cars to producing drugs.
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Fu, Shao-Yun. Science and engineering of short fibre reinforced polymers composites. Oxford: Woodhead Publishing, 2009.

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Friesen, Christi. Birds of a feather: Tips, techniques, inspirational ramblings, creative nudging and step-by-step instructions to help you create [focal beads sculptures pins]. Tecachapi, Calif: CF Books, 2009.

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V, Bazarov B., ed. Problemnye regiony resursnogo tipa: Aziatskai︠a︡ chastʹ Rossii. Novosibirsk: Izd-vo Sibirskogo otd-nii︠a︡ Rossiĭskoĭ akademii nauk, 2005.

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Reid, Malcolm. Diy Sculpting Characters with Polymer Clay: Simple Tip and Techniques to Sculpting Characters for Beginners. Independently Published, 2021.

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Warren, Kristina. Polymer Clay for Beginners: Tips for Working with Polymer Clay for Kids. Independently Published, 2022.

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Book chapters on the topic "Polymer tip":

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Fruman, D. H., D. Bismuth, and S. Aflalo. "Effect of Polymer Solutions on Tip Vortex Cavitation." In The Influence of Polymer Additives on Velocity and Temperature Fields, 399–410. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82632-0_31.

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Creton, Costantino. "Fracture of polymer interfaces: Interfacial structure and crack tip plasticity." In Adhesive Joints: Formation, Characteristics and Testing, 49–60. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429070709-3.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Tip-Sheared Carpet." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 751. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11902.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Hot-Tip-Gate Molding." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 372. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_6059.

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Gooch, Jan W. "TCP." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 731. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11582.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Tap-Out." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 730. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11563.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Tie Bar." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 750. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11877.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Tie Back." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 750. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11878.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Tie Coat." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 750. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11879.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Tin Stabilizer." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 751. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11894.

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Conference papers on the topic "Polymer tip":

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Xiong, Cong, Changrui Liao, Meng Zhu, Zongsong Gan, and Yiping Wang. "Fiber-tip polymer microcantilever for hydrogen sensing." In Asia Communications and Photonics Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/acpc.2020.s3i.1.

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zeng, xin hua, Wei Luo, Cheng Chen, Shouguo Zheng, Shizhuang Weng, Miao Li, Zede Zhu, et al. "Laser-oriented growth of long polymer tip for scanning optical applications." In Asia Communications and Photonics Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/acp.2013.aw3d.1.

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Zeng, Xinhua, Wei Luo, Cheng Chen, Shouguo Zheng, Shizhuang Weng, Miao Li, Zede Zhu, et al. "Laser-oriented growth of long polymer tip for scanning optical applications." In Asia Communications and Photonics Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/acpc.2013.aw3d.1.

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Dong, Bo, Senpeng Zhang, Zongyu Chen, Pofeng Lin, and Wobin Huang. "A Relative Humidity Sensor with a Fiber Tip All-Polymer Microcavity." In 2023 21st International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icocn59242.2023.10236312.

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King, William P., Juan G. Santiago, Thomas W. Kenny, and Kenneth E. Goodson. "Modeling and Prediction of Sub-Micrometer Heat Transfer During Thermomechanical Data Storage." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0324.

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Abstract Heat transfer governs the bit size and writing rate during sub-micrometer thermomechanical data storage with Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) cantilevers. The present work predicts the temperature distribution and rates of heat flow in the AFM tip and the substrate as functions of the peak cantilever temperature, the diameter of the tip-substrate contact, and the thickness of the deforming polymer coating on the silicon substrate. The calculations consider increased phonon scattering, radiation losses, and gas conduction losses at the silicon tip boundaries. Nearly ballistic phonon transport in the tip augments the dependence of the heat rate into the polymer on the tip-polymer contact diameter. For a cantilever heater temperature of 700 K and a polymer layer thickness of 80 nm, the temperature at the tip-polymer interface is predicted for contact diameters from 4 nm to 50 nm. This work models the deformation of the polymer layer during data writing and predicts data bit size as a function of tip temperature and writing time. These simulations will help optimize the design of the cantilever and the polymer data layer, with the goal of increasing the spatial density and rate of bit formation.
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Ahuja, Suresh. "Interface and Dynamic Indentation of Crosslinked Polyester Films." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67693.

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Nano-indentation is increasingly used to estimate the mechanical properties of polymeric films of nanometer-scale thickness. Hardness and modulus, as obtained on indentation are parameters that are strongly dependent upon tip geometry, elastic and inelastic material behavior, and specimen boundary conditions. The objective of this study was to analyze the mechanical response of nano-indentation loading on surfaces and interfaces of polymer films both linear and cross-linked. Polymer films on nano-indentation show confinement effect on their modulus and hardness. Reduced modulus and hardness in polyester and polycarbonate show strain softening that is associated polymer chain flexibility. The spatial constraints imposed to the plastic flow of the interface layer by the rigid indenter and substrate surfaces produce a dynamic effect, demonstrated by the loading rate dependence of the deformation response. In nano-indentation of cross-linked polymers, entanglements physical and chemical affect reduced modulus and hardness dependence on strain. Strain softening and strain hardening as well as dynamic frictional response are applied to indented polymer films consisting of surface, intermediate, and interface layers.
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Malakooti, Mohammad H., and Henry A. Sodano. "Fracture Modeling of an Embedded Crack in Self-Healing Polymers." In ASME 2012 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2012-8103.

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The healing process exhibited by biological structures has inspired the creation of engineered materials capable of mimicking this behavior, providing adaption to impeding crack propagation and subsequently healing it. Recently, a new approach to self-healing was devised in which a sensing network was combined with shape memory polymers (SMPs) to allow the controlled response of the material to damage. The system was designed such that in the presence of a crack the polymer locally modified its modulus to toughen the damaged region and arrest crack growth. This process is followed by the shape memory response, closing the crack and healing the system. This paper will study the mechanics of the toughening portion of this self-healing system and specifically develop models to predict the stress intensity factor of a crack tip in a nonhomogeneous inclusion. The models will be formulated using finite element analysis (FEA) and a single inclusion model based on Eshelby’s equivalent theory with the elastic gradient defined by a point source thermal load. It will be shown that as the temperature of the crack tip passes the glass transition temperature of the polymer, the stress intensity factor at crack tip decreases to 95% of the original material stress intensity factor. This is due to the formed elastic gradient and deflection of the stress concentration away from the crack tip into the bulk polymer.
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Khalili, Nazanin, Yu-Chen Sun, Hani E. Naguib, and Roy H. Kwon. "Multiobjective Optimization of Trilayer Polypyrrole Conducting Polymer Actuators." In ASME 2013 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2013-3105.

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The main focus of this study is the optimization of a trilayer actuator comprising two layers of polypyrrole and a PVDF membrane core. Since the performance of these actuators is difficult to predict due to their mechanical and chemical properties, optimizing their output behavior such as the tip displacement and blocking force is of crucial importance for utilizing their full potentials and more significantly increasing predictability in their performance. For this purpose, two optimization techniques (multiobjective genetic algorithm and active set algorithm) have been carried out based on a developed mathematical model. Two nonlinear constrained equations representing the tip displacement and the blocking force are formulated and solved for a predetermined thickness of the PVDF core membrane. Both equations are subjected to a bound constraint and a nonlinear equality constraint. The output blocking force and the tip deformation act in a reverse manner and there is a trade-off between them. Accordingly, the results imply that there is no single solution to the problem and a range for each of the design variables should be determined so that there will be a sense of balance between the two objectives. Furthermore, the results obtained from the multiobjective optimization methodology have been verified experimentally.
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Shahinpoor, Mohsen. "Electrically Controllable Deformations in Ionic Polymer Metal Composite Actuators." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39037.

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Ionic polymer metal composites (IPMC’s) exhibit spectacular coupling between electrical and mechanical domains. Sensing and actuation properties of these materials and the force and displacement characteristics have been investigated as a means of determining the electromechanical coupling coefficients of the material. An electric field applied across the thickness of the polymer causes electrophoretic ionic migration within the material. Electro-osmotic drag induces solvent migration in addition to the ion motion, and a stress is generated within the material causing the material to deform. This phenomenon is also reversible, making it possible to use ionic polymer materials as sensors, transducers and power generators. The salient feature of ionic polymeric materials, as compared to other electromechanical transducers such as piezoelectrics, is the large deformations that are achievable with low electric fields. Cantilever samples of ionic polymer material exhibit tip displacements on the order of their length with applied electric fields of the order of 10 volts per mm. Recent measurements of the motion of cantilever samples of ionic polymers have demonstrated a controllable, repeatable deformation in which the zero force position of the ionic polymer changes depending on the amplitude of the applied electric field. This effect appears to be controllable in the sense that the change in the zero force position of the polymer is a function of the amplitude of the applied electric field. It is also reversible to a degree because a step change in the voltage with the opposite polarity will change the shape of the ionic polymer strip back to a position that is close to the original position before cycling of the material. Thus, there is a potential to use this effect as a deformation memory mechanism within the polymer material. These observations and subsequent interpretations are reported in this presentation.
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Hsu, Quang-Cherng, Chien-Liang Lin, and Te-Hua Fang. "Study on Nanoimprint Lithography of the Polymer Chains (CH2)n With Anti-Adhesion Layer on Stamp by Molecular Dynamics Method." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2008-62172.

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This paper aims at the study on nanoimprint lithography (NIL) of the polymer material in (CH2)n Chains. The simulation codes were built based on molecular dynamics (MD) method for observing material deformation behaviors in atomic scale. The deformation mechanism of NIL of polymer material (CH2)n pressed by silicon stamp was first studied, by which the effects of critical punch tip width, imprint depth, temperature, and adhesion effect were studied. Next, the nanoimprint processes with stamp tips covered by anti-adhesion material, which is a self-assembled monolayer (SAM), were studied to compare to those processes without having anti-adhesion layer. When deforming polymer material at or above room temperature, adhesion problems occur between stamp and polymer. Polymer materials adhere to stamp more severe than they adhere to each others because potential energies between long chains of polymers are smaller than those between polymer and stamp. From the relation between system energy and stamp translation based on the MD simulations, the system energy increases when stamp moves gradually. When unloading, the system energy will return to its minimum energy status and remains stable. However, when punch leaves polymer materials, energy fluctuation occurs due to some polymer materials adhere to the stamp. Finally, the analysis of stamp with and without SAM based on the MD method was conducted and discussed.

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