Relevant bibliographies by topics / Polymer shield

Academic literature on the topic 'Polymer shield'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023
Last updated: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Polymer shield"

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Nurherdiana, Silvana Dwi. "Polymer Technology Outlook Study: Face Shields for Responding SARS-CoV2 Pandemic." International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering 2, no. 01 (July 7, 2021): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/ijeise.v2i01.38.

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV2) has attracted most interest in current years due to the worst impact for the global public health. In this situation, the whole world requires wearing face shield and mask as the personal protective equipment, especially for medical personnel. Polymer technology have been introduced as a helping tool against SARS-CoV2 by producing healthcare product such as face shield as the first line of resistance due to it was cost effectiveness, sterile nature, versatility and easy to modify. This article clarifies the discussion about face shields in the polymer technology as the point of view and aims at providing a deeper understanding about polymer, polymeric material, synthesis methodology and its application for responding SARS-CoV2 pandemic in a form of face shields. The study of the synthesis route and methodology, chemical and physical properties of the polymer for face shields have also been described.
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Benhamou, S. M., M. Hamouni, and F. Ould-Kaddour. "Crossover Frequency and Transmission-Line Matrix Formalism of Electromagnetic Shielding Properties of Laminated Conductive Sheets." Advanced Electromagnetics 7, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v7i2.566.

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This paper proposes an approach to calculate the crossover frequency of each layer in the multilayered shield and subsequently that of structure constructed by n layers. This important frequency provides a useful approximation for field penetration in a conductor. It is used in a wide variety of calculations. It is in this context that a simplification of the transmission-line matrix formalism for laminated conductive sheets is done using this frequency. Two ranges of frequency are considered: lower and higher than the crossover frequency. Simples formulas and easy to use of the reflection loss, the internal reflection, the absorption loss and the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of laminated shield are obtained. Analysis is carried out for the study of two shields: i) single shield of carbon nanotube polymer composites (CNTs), ii) multilayered shield constructed with Nickel–carbon nanotube polymer composites–Aluminum (Ni–CNTs–Al).
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Maity, Subhankar, and Arobindo Chatterjee. "Conductive polymer-based electro-conductive textile composites for electromagnetic interference shielding: A review." Journal of Industrial Textiles 47, no. 8 (September 19, 2016): 2228–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083716670310.

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This article reviews the preparation, development and characteristics of conductive polymer-based electro-conductive textile composites for electromagnetic interference shielding. Modification of ordinary textile materials in the form of electro-conductive composites makes them suitable for this purpose. Various metallic and non-metallic electro-conductive textiles have been explored here as the material for electromagnetic shielding. Different approaches of preparing textile electromagnetic shield have been described here. Recent advancements of application of conductive polymers in the field of textile electromagnetic shielding are described. Conductive polymer-coated textile materials showed superior electrical property as electromagnetic shield. Different methods of applications of conductive polymers onto textile surface are described here with their relative merits and demerits. Different conductive polymer-coated woven and nonwoven fabrics prepared by various researchers for electromagnetic shielding are taken into account. The effects of different process parameters of polymer processing on electromagnetic shielding are described.
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Kim, Seon-Chil. "Performance Evaluation According to Polymer Encapsulation Characteristics of Eco-Friendly Plastic Gamma-Ray Shield." Coatings 12, no. 11 (October 26, 2022): 1621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12111621.

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To eliminate the exposure of medical staff to radiopharmaceuticals during nuclear medicine tests, a new process technology was proposed for manufacturing gamma-ray shields used in nuclear medicine. In the case of manufacturing the existing gamma-ray shield, a method of increasing the content of the shielding material in the mixed material is used to improve the shielding performance. However, it is impossible to improve the shielding performance by simply increasing the content of the shielding material. Therefore, this study aims to present the optimal conditions for improving the miscibility between composite materials. Following the additional mixing of barium sulfate and bismuth oxide with tungsten, a syringe shield was developed via a plastic injection mold process. When tungsten was solely used or in combination with other shielding materials, polymer encapsulation occurred, and miscibility between composite materials was observed. Based on these results, the optimal conditions in terms of eco-friendly materials, economic feasibility, and improvement in shielding performance were determined. The findings of this study reveal that when tungsten and the polymers are combined, the polymer encapsulation is optimal, the particles are uniformly dispersed, and the shielding performance is significantly improved. With a 99mTc source, a 6.9% improvement in the shielding performance is achieved compared with the use of lead.
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Elzaki, Amin, and Ahmed Al-Ghamdi. "An Innovative Approach to Electromagnetic Radiation Shielding by Graphene: An Experimental Study." International Journal of Research and Review 9, no. 7 (July 19, 2022): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220720.

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The need to use electromagnetic radiation in clinical practices indicates the defense from the electromagnetic radiation itself which have a destructive impact on the human tissue and brain. Therefore, the wearable aprons as electromagnetic shields are the protective gears required to enhance their blend and structure to attain effective shielding. The aprons that are made of textile materials are widely considering protecting from electromagnetic radiation. In this context, conventional textile-materials are not appropriate, but their adaptations, which are in the form of composites, are utilized. The contemporary literature contributed by the recent past research works has several methods of making textile electromagnetic radiation shield. Recent innovations of conductive polymer application in electromagnetic radiation shielding were considered. The treating of textile materials by conductive polymer displayed higher electrical property in the form of electromagnetic radiation shield. Protective mechanisms such as aprons of electromagnetic radiation shielding are essential for enhancing their blend and structure to attain effective radiation shielding. The carbon nanotube is deliberated as a productive polymer result for the electromagnetic radiation shielding. The review experiment aimed to discuss the possibility of using a graphene coat on the polymer composite of carbon nanotube and to improve the practical solution for shielding the protective aprons. The confines of a polymer composite of carbon nanotube attenuation stages are deliberated in this article. Keywords: Carbon Nanotube, Electromagnetic Radiation, Graphene.
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Kim, Seon-Chil. "Tungsten-Based Hybrid Composite Shield for Medical Radioisotope Defense." Materials 15, no. 4 (February 11, 2022): 1338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15041338.

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The shielding performance of shielding clothing is typically improved by increasing the shielding material content, but this lowers the tensile strength of the material. The weight and wearability of the shielding suit are also adversely affected. Important considerations when developing shielding fabric are thickness and flexibility to allow the wearer sufficient mobility. Insufficient thickness lowers the shielding performance, whereas excessive thickness decreases the flexibility of the garment. This study aimed to develop a composite shield that reproduces the shielding performance and meets the flexibility of the process technology. The new shield was manufactured by combining two layers: the shielding fabric fabricated from tungsten wire and a shielding sheet produced by mixing a polymer (PDMS) with tungsten powder. These two shields were bonded to develop a double hybrid composite. Compared with the existing shielding sheet (produced from lead equivalent of 0.55 mmPb), the shielding performance of the hybrid composite shield improved by approximately 17% on average and the tensile strength was 53% higher. The hybrid composite shield has a thickness of 1.35 ± 0.02 mm and delivers the same shielding performance as the lead equivalent. The new hybrid composite shield offers higher wearer mobility while shielding against radiation exposure in medical institutions.
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Lim, Bryan, and Pei Jun Hong. "Sprayed-On Polymer as Concrete Spall Shield." Solid State Phenomena 136 (February 2008): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.136.145.

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Concrete when subjected to a blast loading from a close-in detonation will experience spalling due to formation of tension waves on the opposite face of the concrete panel. The spalled concrete may be ejected at high velocity causing undesirable effects to occupants. Tests using 1/2kg TNT blocks were conducted on 100mm thick concrete panels to study the effects of spalling and whether the spalled materials can be arrested using a sprayed-on polymeric coating. From the tests, it was observed that without the sprayed-on polymeric coating, extensive spalling occurred. However, with just a 3-4mm thick layer of sprayed-on polymer, the spalled materials were arrested and contained. Numerical models of the reinforced concrete slab were created using Autodyn 2D and the results of the simulation were compared to observations from the tests. There was good correlation between the test results and the simulation results as the size of the crater, both front and back, on the concrete slab were rather similar.
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Hintermayr, Verena A., Carola Lampe, Maximilian Löw, Janina Roemer, Willem Vanderlinden, Moritz Gramlich, Anton X. Böhm, et al. "Polymer Nanoreactors Shield Perovskite Nanocrystals from Degradation." Nano Letters 19, no. 8 (July 19, 2019): 4928–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00982.

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Biswas, Sourav, Tanyaradzwa S. Muzata, Beate Krause, Piotr Rzeczkowski, Petra Pötschke, and Suryasarathi Bose. "Does the Type of Polymer and Carbon Nanotube Structure Control the Electromagnetic Shielding in Melt-Mixed Polymer Nanocomposites?" Journal of Composites Science 4, no. 1 (January 15, 2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs4010009.

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A suitable polymer matrix and well dispersed conducting fillers forming an electrically conducting network are the prime requisites for modern age electromagnetic shield designing. An effective polymer-based shield material is designed that can attenuate 99.9% of incident electromagnetic (EM) radiation at a minimum thickness of <0.5 mm. This is accomplished by the choice of a suitable partially crystalline polymer matrix while comparing non-polar polypropylene (PP) with polar polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and a best suited filler nanomaterial by comparing different types of carbon nanotubes such as; branched, single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, which were added in only 2 wt %. Different types of interactions (polar-polar and CH-π and donor-acceptor) make b-MWCNT more dispersible in the PVDF matrix, which together with high crystallinity resulted in the best electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding ability of this composite. This investigation additionally conceals the issues related to the thickness of the shield material just by stacking individual thin nanocomposite layers containing different carbon nanotube (CNT) types with 0.3 mm thickness in a simple manner and finally achieves 99.999% shielding efficiency at just 0.9 mm thickness when using a suitable order of the different PVDF based nanocomposites.
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Kreß, Sebastian, Roland Schaller-Ammann, Jürgen Feiel, Joachim Priedl, Cornelia Kasper, and Dominik Egger. "3D Printing of Cell Culture Devices: Assessment and Prevention of the Cytotoxicity of Photopolymers for Stereolithography." Materials 13, no. 13 (July 6, 2020): 3011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13133011.

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3D printing is increasingly important for the rapid prototyping of advanced and tailor-made cell culture devices. In this context, stereolithography represents a method for the rapid generation of prototypes from photocurable polymers. However, the biocompatibility of commercially available photopolymers is largely unknown. Therefore, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of six polymers, two of them certified as biocompatible according to ISO 10993-5:2009, and we evaluated, if coating with Parylene, an inert polymer widely used in medical applications, might shield cells from the cytotoxic effects of a toxic polymer. In addition, we evaluated the processability, reliability, and consistency of the details printed. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were used for cytotoxicity testing as they are widely used and promising for numerous applications in regenerative medicine. MSCs were incubated together with printed photopolymers, and the cytotoxicity was assessed. All photopolymers significantly reduced the viability of MSCs while the officially biocompatible resins displayed minor toxic effects. Further, coating with Parylene completely protected MSCs from toxic effects. In conclusion, none of the tested polymers can be fully recommended for rapid prototyping of cell culture devices. However, coating with Parylene can shield cells from toxic effects and thus might represent a viable option until more compatible materials are available.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Polymer shield"

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Schiavone, Clinton Cleveland. "Polymeric Radiation Shielding for Applications in Space: Polyimide Synthesis and Modeling of Multi-Layered Polymeric Shields." W&M ScholarWorks, 2013. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626947.

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Garg, Nandita. "Polymer shielded dye-affinity chromatography and temperature induced phase separation two strategies to simplify protein affinity separation processes /." Lund : Dept. of Biotechnology, Lund University, 1995. http://books.google.com/books?id=Qw5rAAAAMAAJ.

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Choudhary, Harish Kumar. "Mechanistic Insights for Controlling Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Through Microwave Absorption in Magnetic Composites." Thesis, 2019. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/5167.

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Extensive use of electronic devices in daily communication and information technology causes high (microwave) frequency electromagnetic interference (EMI). This EMI often leads to noise, data misinterpretation or malfunctioning of electronic devices such as medical equipment. To protect the device from this unwanted EMI, a shield layer is essential, which can shield the device from the unwanted radiation via either reflection or absorption. As the reflected microwave may cause further EMI, the later phenomenon is advantageous, because it forbids any further interference with neighboring devices. This absorption-based shielding is also useful in stealth technology to design radar camouflage military aircraft. Metallic shields normally reflect the microwave and are heavy. To address this issue one requires shield layers with lightweight and conducting. In this respect, conducting polymer-based or metallic nanoparticles based composites seems handy. Hence, in this thesis work, we have adopted various strategies to design composites that can address the above limitations of metallic shields. We have demonstrated that the scattering, reflection and absorption of microwave depend upon the micro and macroscopic properties of the filler particles. Such properties include concentration, size, morphology, conductivity, defects and magnetism of the filler materials. We have systematically investigated their effect on EMI shielding to validate our strategies. We used composites of conducting polymer (Polyaniline), hard ferrimagnetic hexaferrites, soft magnetic Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG), metallic iron particles, metal (Fe/Co/Ni) doped carbonaceous materials along with microwave transparent paraffin wax or PVDF. The effect of concentration, size, morphology, conductivity, defects and magnetic properties of these fillers in these composites on EMI shielding is studied. Furthermore, to understand the atomistic mechanism of shielding through light-matter interactions, complex permittivity and permeability of composites used to demonstrate the dielectric and magnetic loss contributing to the microwave absorption. In this work, in particular, the mechanistic insight into the role of concentration of hexaferrite in hexaferrite-polyaniline-Wax composites, role of network structure of garnet particles in YIG-polyaniline-wax composite, the effect of size of carbon-coated iron/iron carbide particles and micron-sized iron particles in PVDF composite, the role of defects in carbon-coated cobalt and iron particles in scattering of microwave, the effect of improved graphitization and role of magnetism in carbon-coated cobalt and iron particles and the effect of morphology of bimetallic alloy doped carbonaceous materials in PVDF matrix, on EMI shielding behavior is studied in detail. It is demonstrated that using different strategies, the designed composite specimens are very highly effective in attenuating the microwave radiation. The mechanistic insight into microwave absorption in designing highly absorbing EMI shield layer is the highlight of this thesis. The results can directly utilize for industrial applications.
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Shier, GREGORY. "FLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR OF FIBRE REINFORCED POLYMER STRENGTHENED REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/7838.

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Fibre reinforced polymers (FRPs) have gained considerable popularity as a building and repair material. In particular, FRPs have been an economical means of extending the life of structures. As time passes, an increased number and variety of new and old structures are incorporating FRPs as reinforcement and for rehabilitation. Perhaps most common are their applications for bridge structures. Much of the reluctance towards the inclusion of FRP as primary reinforcement or as a rehabilitation measure in building structures is due to its poor performance in fires. In order to move forward with an understanding of how FRP may overcome its temperature-related short comings, it is important to explore the behaviour of FRP, and structures which utilize FRP for reinforcement, at elevated temperatures. The results of a testing program including eleven high temperature, two room temperature intermediate-scale, FRP-strengthened, and one unstrengthened reinforced concrete beam tests are presented. The elevated temperature tests were conducted on both un-post-cured and post-cured FRP strengthening at temperatures up to 211°C. The tests also utilized a novel method for heating and post-curing FRP-strengthening in place. The strengthened beams exhibited strength gains above the unstrengthened reference beam, and it has been demonstrated that post-curing of an FRP system can be effective at increasing an FRP’s performance at elevated temperatures. Exposed to constant temperatures, un-post-cured specimens still exhibited substantial FRP strength at exposure temperatures up to Tg+79°C. Post-cured specimens exhibited similar performance at temperatures of Tg+43°C. The transient temperature tests resulted in ii beam failure at an average temperature of 186°C and 210°C for un-post-cured and post-cured FRP strengthening respectively at a constant applied load level 93% of that of the room temperature strengthened control beam. The results of this testing program demonstrate that FRP strengthening can remain effective when exposed to temperatures well above the measured value of Tg.
Thesis (Master, Civil Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2013-02-28 15:14:31.336
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Books on the topic "Polymer shield"

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IEEE Power Engineering Society. Insulated Conductors Committee., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers., and IEEE Standards Board, eds. IEEE recommended practice for test methods for determination of compatibility of materials with conductive polymeric insulation shields and jackets. New York, N.Y., USA: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1996.

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Staff. Potential Polymeric Sphere Construction Materials for a Spacecraft Electrostatic Shield. Independently Published, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Polymer shield"

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Lim, Bryan, and Pei Jun Hong. "Sprayed-On Polymer as Concrete Spall Shield." In Solid State Phenomena, 145–52. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-50-7.145.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Shier." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 659. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_10556.

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Sheats, John E., Fred Hessel, Louis Tsarouhas, Kenneth G. Podejko, Thomas Porter, L. B. Kool, and R. L. Nolan. "Use of Organometallic Polymers for Pre-Heat Shields for Targets in Inertial-Confinement Nuclear Fusion." In Metal-Containing Polymeric Systems, 83–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9415-4_5.

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Donskoi, A. A., M. A. Shashkina, and G. E. Zaikov. "Combustion of polymeric materials and methods to reduce it. The mechanism of fire and heat shield covers." In Fire Resistant and Thermally Stable Materials Derived from Chlorinated Polyethylene, 5–30. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429070723-2.

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Vrinceanu, Narcisa, Noureddine Ouerfelli, and Diana Coman. "New Graphical Predictions of Some UV Radiation and Water Shielded Attributes of Polymeric Supports with Direct Implication in Comfort Performance." In Springer Proceedings in Materials, 204–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08842-1_33.

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Gupta, Tejendra K., Rajeev Kumar, Manjeet Singh Goyat, and Deepshikha Gupta. "Carbon Nanostructures-based Polymer Nanocomposites for EMI Shielding Applications." In Smart Materials Design for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Applications, 109–52. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815036428122010006.

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We have seen a rapid surge in the growth and subsequent drive-in scaling down electronic interfaces with intelligent electronic devices. Any electronic gadget that transmits, distributes, or uses electrical energy produces electromagnetic interference (EMI), which has harmful effects on device performance, human health, and the surrounding environment. This increase in unrestricted EM pollution can also affect human well-being and the surrounding environment if proper shielding is not provided. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for EMI shielding materials due to the rapid increase in EM radiation sources. EMI shielding materials must have the capability to absorb and reflect EM radiation at very high frequencies and act as a shield against the penetration of radiation through them. The polymer matrices are generally electrically insulating; therefore, they cannot provide shielding against EM radiations. Thus, the use of electrically conducting fillers enables the path in polymer composites to shield the EM radiations. This chapter covers the up‐to‐date research activities targeting EMI shielding based on thermoplastic, and thermoset polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) reinforced with carbon-based nanostructures (CBNS). The first section of this chapter gives a brief overview of the fundamentals of EMI shielding, theoretical aspects of shielding, and different strategies for controlling EM radiations. Other synthesis methods are discussed in the next section, which deals with the preparation of PNCs. Comprehensive justification of potential materials for controlling EMI is also described with nanocomposites based on thermoplastic and thermoset polymer matrices incorporated within CBNS, magnetic, dielectric, and hybrid materials. The synergistic effects of the hybrid fillers may render tunable electrical conductivity and electrical percolation phenomenon in nanocomposites.
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Saini, Ayushi, Anil Ohlan, S. K. Dhawan, and Kuldeep Singh. "Nanostructured Two-Dimensional (2D) Materials as Potential Candidates for EMI Shielding." In Smart Materials Design for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Applications, 465–526. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815036428122010014.

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For an effective EMI shielding, materials should have high electrical conductivity as EMI attenuation is a sum of relfection, absorption, and multiple relfections which requires the existence of mobile charge carriers (electrons or holes), electric and/or magnetic dipoles, usually provided by materials having high dielectric constants (ε) or magnetic permeability (μ) and the large surface area or interface area. Until now, a metal shroud was the material of choice as an EMI shield. However, metal fillers add additional weight and are susceptible to corrosion, making them less desirable. Therefore, we have focused on new emerging two-dimensional 2D nanomaterials that are light in weight and have a low cost. Here, the focus is to address the challenges in their synthesis especially transition metal carbides (MXenes), MoS2, functionalized graphene/ferromagnetic conducting polymer composites, and their fabrication for EMI reductions. These articles also evaluate and explain the recent progress explicitly and underline the complex interplay of its intrinsic properties of 2D nanostructured materials (MXene, MoS2, Graphene/ferromagnetic polymer composite) as a potential candidate for EMI shielding and evaluate their electromagnetic compatibility. The chapter will cover the facets related to a newly emerging area of EMI shields in the automotive industry, especially lithium-ion battery-operated electric vehicles and self-driving cars, high-speed wireless communication devices, and next-generation mobile phones with 4G and 5G technology.
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DAVEY, A. E. "Shield for 4.5 inch Mark 8 gun manufactured by Vickers and used on Type 42 destroyers." In Handbook of Polymer Composites for Engineers, 325–33. Elsevier, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9781845698607.325.

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S. Alegaonkar, Prashant, Vasant N. Bhoraskar, and Sudha V. Bhoraskar. "Polyimide: From Radiation-Induced Degradation Stability to Flat, Flexible Devices." In Polyimide [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101322.

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Polyimide (PI, PMDA-ODA, C22H11N2O5, Kapton-H), is a class of polymer, extensively used in microelectronics and space technology, due to its exceptional mechanical, dielectric, and chemical properties. In space, PI heat shield experiences a harsh environment of energetic electrons, ultra-violet radiation, and atomic oxygen, causing degradation and erosion. Radiation-assisted physicochemical surface modulations in PI, in view of understanding and reducing the degradation in laboratory-based systems, are discussed in the chapter. Strategies for the design and development of 2D, flat, and flexible electromechanical devices by swift heavy ion induced bulk modifications in PI are also described. Fabrication of a couple of such devices, including their performance analysis, is presented.
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Sancaktar, Erol, and Nirav S. Shah. "Design of filament-wound polymer matrix composite shield for jet engine fan blade containment." In Durability Analysis of Composite Systems 2001, 71–77. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003078784-12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Polymer shield"

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D'Aloia, A. G., M. D'Amore, and M. S. Sarto. "High performance lightweight shield made by thin flexible tunable graphene-polymer laminate." In 2016 Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (APEMC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apemc.2016.7523030.

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Dinesen, Palle G., and Joern H. Povlsen. "Polymer-based electro-optic modulator with microwave shield for high-speed applications." In Photonics West '97, edited by Marek Osinski and Weng W. Chow. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.275592.

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ANURAKPARADORN, KANAT, ALAN TAUB, and ERIC MICHIELSSEN. "DISPERSION OF COBALT FERRITE FUNCTIONALIZED GRAPHENE NANOPLATELETS IN PLA FOR EMI SHIELDING APPLICATIONS." In Thirty-sixth Technical Conference. Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc36/35905.

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The proliferation of wireless technology calls for the development of cost-effective Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) shielding materials that reduce the susceptibility of high-speed electronic circuits to undesired incoming radiation. Ideally, such materials offer protection over wide frequency ranges and are insensitive to the polarization or angle of incidence of the impinging fields. Here, next-generation EMI shielding materials composed of polymer composites with conductive and magnetic fillers are introduced. It is shown that careful control of the concentration and dispersion of the polymers’ conductive and magnetic constituents permits tuning of the composites’ intrinsic electrical and magnetic properties. The resulting EMI shields are lightweight, cheap and offer greater protection than traditional metal gaskets and foams. In this work, cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (CoFe2O4) decorated on graphene-based material were dispersed in polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for high EM absorption level in X-band (8-12 GHz). The decoration of the magnetic particles was performed on the as-prepared conductive graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). GNP composites exhibited higher DC conductivity, and permittivity than rGO composites. This is attributed to issues associated with the reduction process, including a lack of conductivity due to the insulated oxygen functional groups and the reduction in the lateral size. Compared with rGOs, the lack of out-plane functional groups causes the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles to agglomerate and not cover the entire surface of the GNPs. These morphological differences improve the magnetization and EM absorption of the composite system. The compatibilizer (pyrene-PLA-OH) was added to the composites to enhance dispersion of the GNPs in the polymer matrix which benefits in higher absorption of the shield. The influence of the compatibilizer on parameter, the reflection loss (RL) of the composite were determined from the characterized intrinsic properties
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Chen, Morgan, Nicole Evers, Chris Kapusta, Joe Iannotti, Anh-Vu Pham, William Kornrumpf, John Maciel, and Nafiz Karabudak. "Development of a Hermetically Sealed Enclosure for MEMS in Chip-on-Flex Modules Using Liquid Crystalline Polymer (LCP)." In ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems collocated with the ASME 2005 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2005-73440.

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We present the development of a hermetic shield packaging enclosure for RF microelectromechanical system switches (MEMS) using Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP). A cavity formed in LCP has been laminated, at low temperature, onto a Si MEMS switch to create a hermetically sealed package. The hermetically sealed enclosure is a stack-up layer of the multi-layer organic chip-on-flex system-on-a-package (SOP). The entire SOP hermetically sealed package has a total insertion loss of ∼0.5 dB at X-band. E595 outgas tests demonstrate that the LCP package is reliable and hermetically protects the MEMS switch.
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B, Prabakaran. "Attaining Thermal Comfort by Utilizing Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Embedded Wind Shield and Roof of a Passenger Car." In Thermal Management Systems Conference 2021. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2021-28-0151.

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Miller, Joshua E. "Simulation study of non-spherical, graphite-epoxy projectiles." In 2019 15th Hypervelocity Impact Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/hvis2019-044.

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Abstract The DebriSat hypervelocity impact experiment, performed at the Arnold Engineering Development Center, is intended to update the catastrophic break-up models for modern satellites. To this end, the DebrisSat was built with many modern materials including structural panels of carbon-fiber, reinforced-polymer (CFRP). Subsequent to the experiment, fragments of the DebrisSat have been extracted from porous, catcher panels used to gather the debris from the impact event. Thus far, one of the key observations from the collected fragments is that CFRP represents a large fraction of the fragments and that these fragments tend to be thin, flake-like structures or long, needle-like structures; whereas, debris with nearly equal dimensions is less prevalent. As current ballistic limit models are all developed based upon spherical impacting particles, the experiment has pointed to a missing component in the current approach that must be considered. To begin to understand the implications of this observation, simulations have been performed using cylindrical structures at a representative orbital speed into an externally-insulated, double-wall shield that is representative of shielding on the current International Space Station crew transport vehicle, the Soyuz. These simulations have been performed for normal impacts to the surface with three different impact angles-of-attack to capture the effect on the shield performance. This paper documents the simulated shield and the models developed to study the effect of fragments and derives the critical characteristics of CFRP impacting particles for the selected shield. This work gives a deployable form of a critical, non-spherical projectile ballistic limit equation for evaluating non-spherical space debris for orbital debris environment modeling.
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7

SCHOENHOLTZ, STEVE, ARTHUR GAVRIN, and CHENGGANG CHEN. "LOW THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY COMPOSITE SKIN MATERIALS." In Thirty-sixth Technical Conference. Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc36/35882.

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Triton Systems, Inc. and our academic partner University of Dayton Research Institute (UDRI) developed and demonstrated a lightweight, affordable composite heat shield sandwich panel for aerospace applications capable of protecting an underlying Polymer Matrix Composite (PMC) sandwich panel from 500℉ external impingement. Our design outperforms the incumbent heat shield, a bolt-on metallic sheet with an air gap, in both thermal protection (15% lower skin surface temperature) and weight (40% lighter) at an equivalent thickness (about 0.3”). Our panel has very low thermal conductivity (0.08 W/mK) but is also impact resistant, strong (~300 psi flatwise tensile strength), and tolerant to typical aerospace environmental conditions. Additionally, we demonstrated that our design could be produced as a curved panel configuration to match vehicle outer mold lines (OML’s). Now at Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 4, Triton’s panel design is ready to move to the next stage of development which we envision to be additional proof-of-concept testing including chemical and additional environmental exposure, cold exposure, thermal shock, and vibration as we scale up to a larger 4’x8’ panel. STEVE SCHOENHOLTZ
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8

Chang, Bing, Saisai Li, Minghui Li, and Ruoyu Chen. "Research Progress of Neutron Shielding Materials." In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-92210.

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Abstract Neutron shielding materials are widely used in aviation, medical treatment, nuclear reactor and other fields. Neutrons is difficult to shield because of their high energy. With the development of neutron shielding materials, different kinds of shielding materials have been developed. Compared with other kinds of materials, composite material is an ideal candidate for neutron shielding material because of their outstanding physical and chemical properties. Therefore, a lot of researchers continue exploring and preparing novel composite neutron shielding materials to meet the complex working conditions. This paper summarized the research status of different neutron shielding materials in recent years, mainly including inorganic non-metallic based neutron shielding materials, polymer based neutron shielding materials, metal based neutron shielding materials, beside for composite shielding materials. Moreover, the existing problems in the research of shielding materials and the possible future development direction are put forward.
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Tehrani, Mehran, Ayoub Y. Boroujeni, Majid Manteghi, Zhixian Zhou, and Marwan Al-Haik. "Integration of Carbon Nanotubes Into a Fiberglass Reinforced Polymer Composite and its Effects on Electromagnetic Shielding and Mechanical Properties." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-65202.

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Electromagnetic (EM) waves, such as electronic noise and radio frequency interference can be regarded as an invisible electronic pollution which justifies a very active quest for effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials. Highly conductive materials of adequate thickness are the primary solutions to shield against EMI. Equipment cases and basic structure of space aircraft and launch vehicles have traditionally been made of aluminum, steel and other electrically conductive metals. However, in recent years composite materials have been used for electronic equipment manufacturing because of their lightweight, high strength, and ease of fabrication. Despite these benefits, composite materials are not as electrically conductive as traditional metals, especially in terms of electrical grounding purposes and shielding. Therefore, extra effort must be taken to resolve these shortcomings. The present work demonstrates a study on developing hybrid composites based on fiberglass with surface grown carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for EMI applications. The choice of fiberglass is primarily because it naturally possesses poor electrical conductivity, hence growing CNTs over glass fiber surface can significantly improve the conductivity. The fabrics were sputter-coated with a thin layer of SiO2 thermal barrier prior to growing of CNTs. The CNTs were grown on the surface of woven fiberglass fabrics utilizing a relatively low temperature technique. Raw fiberglass fabric, SiO2 coated fabric, and SiO2 coated fabric which was subjected to the identical heat treatment as the samples with CNTs were also prepared. Two-layers composite specimens based on different surface treated fiberglass fabrics were fabricated and their EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) was measured. The EMI SE of the hybrid CNT-fiberglass composites was shown to be 5–10 times of the reference samples. However, the tensile mechanical properties of the composites based on the different above mentioned fibers revealed significant degradation due to the elevated CNT growth temperature and the addition of coating layer and CNTs. To further probe the structure of the hybrid composites and the inter-connectivity of the CNTs from one interface to another, sets of 20-layers composites based on different surface treated fabrics were also fabricated and characterized.
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Abuali Galehdari, Nasim, and Ajit D. Kelkar. "Characterization of Nanoparticle Enhanced Multifunctional Sandwich Composites Subjected to Space Radiation." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66774.

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One of the major concerns in long duration space exploration is to minimize the exposure of crew and equipment to space radiation. High energy radiation not only can be hazardous to the health but also can damage the materials and electronics. Current designs are contained heavy metals to avoid occupational hazards from radiation exposures. As a result the shielding structures are heavy and not effective to attenuate all types of radiation. Therefore, the proposed lightweight sandwich composites are designed to effectively shield high energy radiations while providing structural integrity. In the manufactured hybrid sandwich composite, High Molecular Weight Poly Ethylene (HMWPE) woven fabrics are selected as face sheets due to their advanced mechanical properties and excellent physical properties along with effective shielding properties. Basically polymers due to high hydrogen content are considered as effective materials to attenuate high energy radiations. In addition, the core material is epoxy composites incorporating three weight percentages of three different nanoparticles viz. Boron Carbide, Boron Nanopowder and Gadolinium. In fact if polymers as low Z materials are used alone, they usually are not successful to attenuate highly penetrative rays. Therefore, one solution is known to infuse polymer matrix with high radiation absorption properties nanoparticles. Among several different nanomaterials, the three aforementioned nanofillers were chosen because of their good radiation absorption properties. Gadolinium has the highest thermal neutron cross section compare to any other known element and 10B-containing materials are known as excellent radiation absorbers and the composite filled with them have the advantage of convenient and safety in construction, operation and reintegration. The sandwich composites were manufactured using Heat-Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding method (H-VARTM), which is a cost effective method for high volume production of sandwich structures. To evaluate the shielding performance of manufactured sandwich panels the neutron attenuation testing was performed. The results from neutron radiation tests show more than 99% shielding performance in all of the sandwich panels. In comparison with other nanofillers, Boron Nanopowder showed highest radiation shielding efficiency (99.64%), which can be attributed to its lowest particle size and better dispersion ability into epoxy resin. The flatwise compression testing was performed on all four sandwich panels to determine the mechanical strength of materials before and after being exposure to radiation. The results demonstrate that proposed hybrid sandwich panels can preserve their mechanical integrity while being exposed to the radiation.
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