Journal articles on the topic 'Polymer manipulation'

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1

Sharifi, M., C. W. Jang, C. F. Abrams, and G. R. Palmese. "Toughened epoxy polymers via rearrangement of network topology." J. Mater. Chem. A 2, no. 38 (2014): 16071–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta03051f.

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A new toughening mechanism for thermosetting polymers is shown. The technique involves manipulation of polymer network topology allowing the glassy material to deform under loading without rupturing covalent bonds.
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2

Yu, Wumin, Someswara R. Peri, Bulent Akgun, and Mark D. Foster. "Manipulation of Polymer/Polymer Interface Width from Nonequilibrium Deposition." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 5, no. 8 (April 5, 2013): 2976–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/am3022587.

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3

Jayaneththi, V. R., K. C. Aw, and A. J. McDaid. "Wireless manipulation using magnetic polymer composites." Smart Materials and Structures 29, no. 3 (February 19, 2020): 035035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ab6695.

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4

Lee, Jung-Hwan, Hae-Won Kim, and Seog-Jin Seo. "Polymer-Ceramic Bionanocomposites for Dental Application." Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3795976.

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Multiphasic bionanocomposites have been highlighted in the biotechnology field since they have offered mechanical flexibility during operation. This interest has been increased mainly through polymer/ceramic/metal manipulation techniques and modifications in formulation. Recently, a number of studies on bionanocomposites have been examined due to their favorable mechanical properties and cellular activities when compared to the neat polymers or polymer blends. This paper critically reviews recent applications of bionanocomposites for regeneration of pulp-dentin complex, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone, and substitute of enamel in dentistry.
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5

Kaino, Toshikuni. "Polymer Optical Waveguides for Optical Signal Manipulation." Seikei-Kakou 20, no. 3 (March 20, 2008): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.20.159.

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6

Casadevall i Solvas, Xavier, Ruth A. Lambert, Lawrence Kulinsky, Roger H. Rangel, and Marc J. Madou. "Micromixing and flow manipulation with polymer microactuators." Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 11, no. 4 (April 19, 2011): 405–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10404-011-0806-5.

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7

D’Acunto, Mario, Franco Dinelli, and Pasqualantonio Pingue. "Nanoscale rippling on polymer surfaces induced by AFM manipulation." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 6 (December 2, 2015): 2278–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.6.234.

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Nanoscale rippling induced by an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip can be observed after performing one or many scans over the same area on a range of materials, namely ionic salts, metals, and semiconductors. However, it is for the case of polymer films that this phenomenon has been widely explored and studied. Due to the possibility of varying and controlling various parameters, this phenomenon has recently gained a great interest for some technological applications. The advent of AFM cantilevers with integrated heaters has promoted further advances in the field. An alternative method to heating up the tip is based on solvent-assisted viscoplastic deformations, where the ripples develop upon the application of a relatively low force to a solvent-rich film. An ensemble of AFM-based procedures can thus produce nanoripples on polymeric surfaces quickly, efficiently, and with an unprecedented order and control. However, even if nanorippling has been observed in various distinct modes and many theoretical models have been since proposed, a full understanding of this phenomenon is still far from being achieved. This review aims at summarizing the current state of the art in the perspective of achieving control over the rippling process on polymers at a nanoscale level.
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8

Annadhasan, Mari, Avulu Vinod Kumar, Jada Ravi, Evgeny Mamonov, Tatiana Murzina, and Rajadurai Chandrasekar. "Magnetic Field–Assisted Manipulation of Polymer Optical Microcavities." Advanced Photonics Research 2, no. 4 (February 25, 2021): 2000146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adpr.202000146.

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9

Wakafuji, Yusai, Rai Moriya, Satoru Masubuchi, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, and Tomoki Machida. "3D Manipulation of 2D Materials Using Microdome Polymer." Nano Letters 20, no. 4 (March 10, 2020): 2486–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b05228.

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10

Dong, Liqin, Tom Hollis, Steven Fishwick, Bernard A Connolly, Nicholas G Wright, Benjamin R Horrocks, and Andrew Houlton. "Synthesis, Manipulation and Conductivity of Supramolecular Polymer Nanowires." Chemistry - A European Journal 13, no. 3 (January 12, 2007): 822–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200601320.

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11

Pitt, Colin G., Jason Wertheim, C. T. Wang, and Subodh S. Shah. "Polymer-drug conjugates: Manipulation of drug delivery kinetics." Macromolecular Symposia 123, no. 1 (September 1997): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.19971230122.

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12

Li, Juyi, Yingjie Yu, Kim Myungwoong, Kao Li, John Mikhail, Linxi Zhang, Chung-Chueh Chang, et al. "Manipulation of cell adhesion and dynamics using RGD functionalized polymers." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 5, no. 31 (2017): 6307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tb01209h.

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13

Feemster, Matthew, Jenelle A. Piepmeier, Harrison Biggs, Steven Yee, Hatem ElBidweihy, and Samara L. Firebaugh. "Autonomous Microrobotic Manipulation Using Visual Servo Control." Micromachines 11, no. 2 (January 24, 2020): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11020132.

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This describes the application of a visual servo control method to the microrobotic manipulation of polymer beads on a two-dimensional fluid interface. A microrobot, actuated through magnetic fields, is utilized to manipulate a non-magnetic polymer bead into a desired position. The controller utilizes multiple modes of robot actuation to address the different stages of the task. A filtering strategy employed in separation mode allows the robot to spiral from the manipuland in a fashion that promotes the manipulation positioning objective. Experiments demonstrate that our multiphase controller can be used to direct a microrobot to position a manipuland to within an average positional error of approximately 8 pixels (64 µm) over numerous trials.
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14

Tu, Dandan, Zhendong Feng, Zhaochi Feng, Xin Guo, and Can Li. "Crystallinity and Orientation Manipulation of Anthracene Diimide Polymers for All‐Polymer Solar Cells." Advanced Functional Materials 31, no. 22 (March 25, 2021): 2011049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202011049.

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15

Park, Jun Kyu, and Seok Kim. "Droplet manipulation on a structured shape memory polymer surface." Lab on a Chip 17, no. 10 (2017): 1793–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6lc01354f.

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16

Zhang, Li Guo, Le Xun Xue, Pei Yuan He, Yuan Ming Qi, and Yu Min Lu. "Intelligent Numerical Manipulation of Micrometer-Scale Emulsions Using Polymer Confinement." Advanced Materials Research 813 (September 2013): 431–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.813.431.

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The manipulation of emulsions at micrometer-scale is a challenging topic for industrial application, especially for monodisperse microemulsions production. The development of material science and afterwards the creation of polymer confinement proposed efficient devices for micrometer scale emulsions fabrication. In this work, the flow regime of emulsion generation was studied to depict numerical manipulation of micrometer-scale emulsions through biomicrofluidic technology. At first, correlation analysis between experiment conditions and results were conducted, then different linear modeling and non-linear modeling, including Artificial Neural Network Modeling (NNM) technology, were performed to characterize the emulsion variation. Both models can well manipulate emulsion variation. Compared with linear modeling, non-linear models ameliorate the performance on the manipulation of micrometer-scale emulsion.
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17

Alberti, Sebastian, Juan Giussi, Omar Azzaroni, and Galo J. A. A. Soler-Illia. "A Comparative Study of PMETAC-Modified Mesoporous Silica and Titania Thin Films for Molecular Transport Manipulation." Polymers 14, no. 22 (November 9, 2022): 4823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14224823.

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The manipulation and understanding of molecular transport across functionalized nanopores will take us closer to mimicking biological membranes and thus to design high-performance permselective separation systems. In this work, Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) of (2-methacryloyloxy)-ethyltrimethylammonium chloride (METAC) was performed on both mesoporous silica and mesoporous titania thin films. Pores were proven to be filled using ellipsometry and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). Furthermore, the employed method leads to a polymer overlayer, whose thickness could be discriminated using a double-layer ellipsometry model. Cyclic voltammetry experiments reveal that the transport of electrochemically active probes is affected by the PMETAC presence, both due to the polymer overlayer and the confined charge of the pore-tethered PMETAC. A more detailed study demonstrates that ion permeability depends on the combined role of the inorganic scaffolds’ (titania and silica) surface chemistry and the steric and charge exclusion properties of the polyelectrolyte. Interestingly, highly charged negative walls with positively charged polymers may resemble zwitterionic polymer behavior in confined environments.
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18

Advincula, Abigail A., Ian Pelse, and John R. Reynolds. "Side chain independent photovoltaic performance of thienopyrroledione conjugated donor–acceptor polymers." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 46 (2020): 16452–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc03883k.

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This work highlights a unique TPD-based donor polymer system which exhibits robust photovoltaic tolerance regardless of acceptor unit side chain, presenting a distinct avenue for polymer structure and BHJ morphology manipulation.
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19

Zhao, Qian, Weike Zou, Yingwu Luo, and Tao Xie. "Shape memory polymer network with thermally distinct elasticity and plasticity." Science Advances 2, no. 1 (January 2016): e1501297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501297.

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Stimuli-responsive materials with sophisticated yet controllable shape-changing behaviors are highly desirable for real-world device applications. Among various shape-changing materials, the elastic nature of shape memory polymers allows fixation of temporary shapes that can recover on demand, whereas polymers with exchangeable bonds can undergo permanent shape change via plasticity. We integrate the elasticity and plasticity into a single polymer network. Rational molecular design allows these two opposite behaviors to be realized at different temperature ranges without any overlap. By exploring the cumulative nature of the plasticity, we demonstrate easy manipulation of highly complex shapes that is otherwise extremely challenging. The dynamic shape-changing behavior paves a new way for fabricating geometrically complex multifunctional devices.
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20

Zou, Weike, Binjie Jin, Yi Wu, Huijie Song, Yingwu Luo, Feihe Huang, Jin Qian, Qian Zhao, and Tao Xie. "Light-triggered topological programmability in a dynamic covalent polymer network." Science Advances 6, no. 13 (March 2020): eaaz2362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz2362.

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Dynamic covalent polymer networks exhibit unusual adaptability while maintaining the robustness of conventional covalent networks. Typically, their network topology is statistically nonchangeable, and their material properties are therefore nonprogrammable. By introducing topological heterogeneity, we demonstrate a concept of topology isomerizable network (TIN) that can be programmed into many topological states. Using a photo-latent catalyst that controls the isomerization reaction, spatiotemporal manipulation of the topology is realized. The overall result is that the network polymer can be programmed into numerous polymers with distinctive and spatially definable (thermo-) mechanical properties. Among many opportunities for practical applications, the unique attributes of TIN can be explored for use as shape-shifting structures, adaptive robotic arms, and fracture-resistant stretchable devices, showing a high degree of design versatility. The TIN concept enriches the design of polymers, with potential expansion into other materials with variations in dynamic covalent chemistries, isomerizable topologies, and programmable macroscopic properties.
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21

Depotter, Griet, Jean-Hubert Olivier, Mary G. Glesner, Pravas Deria, Yusong Bai, George Bullard, Amar S. Kumbhar, Michael J. Therien, and Koen Clays. "First-order hyperpolarizabilities of chiral, polymer-wrapped single-walled carbon nanotubes." Chemical Communications 52, no. 82 (2016): 12206–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc06190g.

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Manipulation of polymer electronic structure provides a new means to modulate the first-order hyperpolarizabilities (βHRS values) of chiral, individualized polymer-wrapped single-walled carbon nanotube superstructures at a telecommunication-relevant wavelength (1280 nm).
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22

Zhang, Hao, Yue Tang, Junhu Zhang, Minjie Li, Xi Yao, Xiao Li, and Bai Yang. "Manipulation of semiconductor nanocrystal growth in polymer soft solids." Soft Matter 5, no. 21 (2009): 4113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b914213d.

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23

Du, Ke, Youhua Jiang, Yuyang Liu, Ishan Wathuthanthri, and Chang-Hwan Choi. "Manipulation of the Superhydrophobicity of Plasma-Etched Polymer Nanostructures." Micromachines 9, no. 6 (June 18, 2018): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9060304.

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24

Ting, Wei-Ho, Chao-Chin Chen, Shenghong A. Dai, Shing-Yi Suen, I.-Kuan Yang, Ying-Ling Liu, Franklin M. C. Chen, and Ru-Jong Jeng. "Superhydrophobic waxy-dendron-grafted polymer films via nanostructure manipulation." Journal of Materials Chemistry 19, no. 27 (2009): 4819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b900468h.

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25

Yuan, Yanan, Kangmin Niu, and Zuoqi Zhang. "Compressive damage mode manipulation of fiber-reinforced polymer composites." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 223 (January 2020): 106799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2019.106799.

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26

Wang, Hua Ming, Hua An Luo, and Bin Yang. "Implementation and Control of a Rotary Manipulator Driven by Soft Dielectric Electroactive Polymer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 461 (November 2013): 352–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.461.352.

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Dielectric Electroactive Polymers (EAPs) are closest to natural muscles in terms of strain, energy density, efficiency and speed. A 2-DOF (Degree of Freedom) rotary manipulator driven by soft dielectric EAP is designed based on the biological agonist–antagonist configuration. Compact rolled actuators are chosen and implemented to drive the manipulator. To avoid the complicated solving of nonlinear differential equations, electromechanical characteristics of actuators are obtained by measuring their force behavior under different voltages and lengths. A CMAC (Cerebellar model articulation controller) neural network-based closed loop controller is developed to implement the position control of the manipulator and is evaluated by tracking a circle. According to the force analysis of the manipulator, forces of antagonistic actuators are determined by force decomposition to produce the desired force output, and then the voltages for actuators at certain lengths can be calculated through measured electromechanical characteristics. Experiment shows the measured force agrees well with the desired force. Due to the advantages of dielectric EAP, the manipulator has application prospects in areas of rehabilitation, force feedback or flexible manipulation without damage.
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27

Rao, Jingyi, María P. Fernández-Ronco, Michel Vong, and Sabyasachi Gaan. "Enhanced flame-retardancy and controlled physical properties of flexible polyurethane foams based on a shear-responsive internal network." RSC Advances 7, no. 69 (2017): 44013–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra07083g.

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28

Liu, Tao, Dachao Li, Ling Zhao, and Weikang Yuan. "Manipulation of polymer foam structure based on CO2-induced changes in polymer fundamental properties." Particuology 8, no. 6 (December 2010): 607–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2010.09.008.

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29

Ou, Zongliang, Jianqiang Qin, Ke Jin, Jianqi Zhang, Lixiu Zhang, Chenyi Yi, Zhiwen Jin, et al. "Engineering of the alkyl chain branching point on a lactone polymer donor yields 17.81% efficiency." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 10, no. 7 (2022): 3314–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta10233h.

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30

Takeuchi, Masaru, Masahiro Nakajima, Masaru Kojima, and Toshio Fukuda. "Nanoliters Discharge/Suction by Thermoresponsive Polymer Actuated Probe and Applied for Single Cell Manipulation." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 22, no. 5 (October 20, 2010): 644–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2010.p0644.

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We propose the Thermoresponsive Polymer Actuated (TPA) probe which uses thermoresponsive polymer poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) volume change as an actuator. The proposed probe is applicable to single cell analysis, especially single cell manipulation. The TPA probe can discharge and suck solution in several nanoliters (nl) using the volume change. Normally, it is difficult to realize solution discharge and suction less than several dozen nl by the conventional air- or oil-pressure-actuated probe. We designed the TPA probe for low-cost fabrication and disposable use. The probe also takes in and ejects on a nl order by simply switching a heater on and off. PNIPAAm solution volume change was evaluated in this paper. The manipulation of single microbead and the suction of target cell were also demonstrated by the TPA probe in the semi-closed microchip. It is considered that the TPA probe can contribute to the manipulation of single cell.
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31

Janusas, Pilkauskas, Janusas, and Palevicius. "Active PZT Composite Microfluidic Channel for Bioparticle Manipulation." Sensors 19, no. 9 (April 29, 2019): 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19092020.

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The concept of active microchannel for precise manipulation of particles in biomedicine is reported in this paper. A novel vibration-assisted thermal imprint method is proposed for effective formation of a microchannel network in the nanocomposite piezo polymer layer. In this method, bulk acoustic waves of different wavelengths excited in an imprinted microstructure enable it to function in trapping–patterning, valve, or free particle passing modes. Acoustic waves are excited using a special pattern of electrodes formed on its top surface and a single electric ground electrode formed on the bottom surface. To develop the microchannel, we first started with lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanopowder [Pb (Zrx, Ti1–x) O3] synthesis. The PZT was further mixed with three different binding materials—polyvinyl butyral (PVB), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and polystyrene (PS)—in benzyl alcohol to prepare a screen-printing paste. Then, using conventional screen printing techniques, three types of PZT coatings on copper foil substrates were obtained. To improve the voltage characteristics, the coatings were polarized. Their structural and chemical composition was analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), while the mechanical and electrical characteristics were determined using the COMSOL Multiphysics model with experimentally obtained parameters of periodic response of the layered copper foil structure. The hydrophobic properties of the PZT composite were analyzed by measuring the contact angle between the distilled water drop and the three different polymer composites: PZT with PVB, PZT with PMMA, and PZT with PS. Finally, the behavior of the microchannel formed in the nanocomposite piezo polymer was simulated by applying electrical excitation signal on the pattern of electrodes and then analyzed experimentally using holographic interferometry. Wave-shaped vibration forms of the microchannel were obtained, thereby enabling particle manipulation.
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32

Scheunemann, Dorothea, Emmy Järsvall, Jian Liu, Davide Beretta, Simone Fabiano, Mario Caironi, Martijn Kemerink, and Christian Müller. "Charge transport in doped conjugated polymers for organic thermoelectrics." Chemical Physics Reviews 3, no. 2 (June 2022): 021309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0080820.

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Research on conjugated polymers for thermoelectric applications has made tremendous progress in recent years, which is accompanied by surging interest in molecular doping as a means to achieve the high electrical conductivities that are required. A detailed understanding of the complex relationship between the doping process, the structural as well as energetic properties of the polymer films, and the resulting thermoelectric behavior is slowly emerging. This review summarizes recent developments and strategies that permit enhancing the electrical conductivity of p- and n-type conjugated polymers via molecular doping. The impact of the chemical design of both the polymer and the dopant, the processing conditions, and the resulting nanostructure on the doping efficiency and stability of the doped state are discussed. Attention is paid to the interdependence of the electrical and thermal transport characteristics of semiconductor host-dopant systems and the Seebeck coefficient. Strategies that permit to improve the thermoelectric performance, such as an uniaxial alignment of the polymer backbone in both bulk and thin film geometries, manipulation of the dielectric constant of the polymer, and the variation of the dopant size, are explored. A combination of theory and experiment is predicted to yield new chemical design principles and processing schemes that will ultimately give rise to the next generation of organic thermoelectric materials.
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33

Chakraborty, Arup K., and Matthew Tirrell. "Polymer Adsorption." MRS Bulletin 21, no. 1 (January 1996): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400035119.

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Long polymer chains adsorbed onto solid surfaces are important in a wide range of applications and are relevant to many issues in biology and medicine. Adsorbed polymer layers used widely in the stabilization of colloidal suspensions, for example, are essential to the formulation of paints, coatings, printing inks, drilling needs, and ceramics processing. Adsorbed polymer layers also play a crucial role in many tribological applications such as boundary lubricants.The interfacial behavior of biological macromolecules (such as proteins) plays an important role in biomedical applications as well as in the function of living organisms. The development of biocompatible solid materials that can be used safely and efficiently in vascular and joint prostheses, catheters, artificial-heart valves and whole hearts, cardiac-arrest devices, and hemodialysis cartridges is critically important. In some instances, the adsorption of biological macromolecules onto the artificial material can lead to deleterious effects. For example, many vascular grafts and catheters fail because of thrombotic occlusion initiated by protein adsorption. Protein adsorption is also the initial subprocess that leads to plaque formation in teeth and the fouling of contact lenses. Given the central role of protein adsorption in many physiological systems, and the great benefits that could be derived by designing materials that do not adsorb biological macromolecules, understanding the interfacial behavior of biological polymers is important.The ultimate goal of research in polymer adsorption is to facilitate the manipulation of the properties of adsorbed polymer layers (or polymer-solid interfaces) so that materials with required properties can be fabricated. To take steps toward this goal, understanding how the nature of the polymer, the substrate, and other prevailing conditions (such as the type of solvent) affect the macroscopic properties of the interface is crucial.
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34

Scott, Philip J., Christopher R. Kasprzak, Keyton D. Feller, Viswanath Meenakshisundaram, Christopher B. Williams, and Timothy E. Long. "Light and latex: advances in the photochemistry of polymer colloids." Polymer Chemistry 11, no. 21 (2020): 3498–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0py00349b.

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35

Buyukdagli, Sahin. "Dielectric Manipulation of Polymer Translocation Dynamics in Engineered Membrane Nanopores." Langmuir 38, no. 1 (December 27, 2021): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02174.

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36

Manuguri, Sesha, Nadine J. Heijden, Seong J. Nam, Badri Narayanan Narasimhan, Bohang Wei, Marco A. Cabero Z., Haiming Yu, et al. "Polymer Micelle Directed Magnetic Cargo Assemblies Towards Spin‐wave Manipulation." Advanced Materials Interfaces 8, no. 15 (July 8, 2021): 2100455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/admi.202100455.

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37

Grzetic, Douglas J., Kris T. Delaney, and Glenn H. Fredrickson. "Electrostatic Manipulation of Phase Behavior in Immiscible Charged Polymer Blends." Macromolecules 54, no. 6 (March 8, 2021): 2604–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00095.

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38

Kawazoe, Naoki, and Guoping Chen. "Polymer-Grafted Surfaces for the Manipulation of Stem Cell Functions." Journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan 48, no. 3 (2011): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4164/sptj.48.132.

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39

MISAWA, Hiroaki. "Optical Manipulation. Radiation Pressure-Controlled Phase Transition of Polymer Gels." Review of Laser Engineering 24, no. 11 (1996): 1163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.1163.

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40

Kobayashi, Hiroyuki, Shuzo Hirata, and Martin Vacha. "Mechanical Manipulation of Photophysical Properties of Single Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles." Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 4, no. 15 (July 24, 2013): 2591–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jz401193j.

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41

DeAro, J. A., R. Gupta, A. J. Heeger, and S. K. Buratto. "Nanoscale oxidative patterning and manipulation of conjugated polymer thin films." Synthetic Metals 102, no. 1-3 (June 1999): 865–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-6779(98)00346-4.

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42

Misawa, Hiroaki, Keiji Sasaki, Masanori Koshioka, Noboru Kitamura, and Hiroshi Masuhara. "Laser manipulation and assembling of polymer latex particles in solution." Macromolecules 26, no. 2 (March 1993): 282–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00054a006.

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43

Spuhler, Philipp S., Laura Sola, Xirui Zhang, Margo R. Monroe, Joseph T. Greenspun, Marcella Chiari, and M. Selim Ünlü. "Precisely Controlled Smart Polymer Scaffold for Nanoscale Manipulation of Biomolecules." Analytical Chemistry 84, no. 24 (December 7, 2012): 10593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac3018263.

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44

Gaspar, Attila, Menake E. Piyasena, Lajos Daroczi, and Frank A. Gomez. "Magnetically controlled valve for flow manipulation in polymer microfluidic devices." Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 4, no. 6 (August 14, 2007): 525–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10404-007-0204-1.

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45

Yen, Chia-Yi, Moh-Ching Chang, Zong-Fu Shih, Yi-Hsing Lien, and Chia-Wen Tsao. "Cyclic Block Copolymer Microchannel Fabrication and Sealing for Microfluidics Applications." Inventions 3, no. 3 (July 16, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions3030049.

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High mechanical rigidity, chemical resistance, and ultraviolet-visible light transmissivity of thermoplastics are attractive characteristics in microfluidics because various biomedical microfluidic devices require solvent, acid, or base manipulation, and optical observation or detection. The cyclic block copolymer (CBC) is a new class of thermoplastics with excellent optical properties, low water absorption, favorable chemical resistance, and low density, which make it ideal for use in polymer microfluidic applications. In the polymer microfabrication process, front-end microchannel fabrication and post-end bonding are critical steps that determine the success of polymer microfluidic devices. In this study, for the first time, we verified the performance of CBC created through front-end microchannel fabrication by applying hot embossing and post-end sealing and bonding, and using thermal fusion and ultraviolet (UV)/ozone surface-assist bonding methods. Two grades of CBC were evaluated and compared with two commonly used cyclic olefin polymers, cyclic olefin copolymers (COC), and cyclic olefin polymers (COP). The results indicated that CBCs provided favorable pattern transfer (>99%) efficiency and high bonding strength in microchannel fabrication and bonding procedures, which is ideal for use in microfluidics.
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46

Brisson, Emma R. L., Zeyun Xiao, and Luke A. Connal. "Amino Acid Functional Polymers: Biomimetic Polymer Design Enabling Catalysis, Chiral Materials, and Drug Delivery." Australian Journal of Chemistry 69, no. 7 (2016): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch16028.

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Amino acids are the natural building blocks for the world around us. Highly functional, these small molecules have unique catalytic properties, chirality, and biocompatibility. Imparting these properties to surfaces and other macromolecules is highly sought after and represents a fast-growing field. Polymers functionalized with amino acids in the side chains have tunable optical properties, pH responsiveness, biocompatibility, structure and self-assembly properties. Herein, we review the synthesis of amino acid functional polymers, discuss manipulation of available strategies to achieve the desired responsive materials, and summarize some exciting applications in catalysis, chiral particles, and drug delivery.
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47

Dams-Kozlowska, Hanna, and David L. Kaplan. "Protein Engineering of Wzc To Generate New Emulsan Analogs." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 12 (April 20, 2007): 4020–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00401-07.

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ABSTRACT Acinetobacter venetianus Rag1 produces an extracellular, polymeric lipoheteropolysaccharide termed apoemulsan. This polymer is putatively produced via a Wzy-dependent pathway. According to this model, the length of the polymer is regulated by polysaccharide-copolymerase (PCP) protein. A highly conserved proline and glycine motif was identified in all members of the PCP family of proteins and is involved in regulation of polymer chain length. In order to control the structure of apoemulsan, defined point mutations in the proline-glycine-rich region of the apoemulsan PCP protein (Wzc) were introduced. Modified wzc variants were introduced into the Rag1 genome via homologous recombination. Stable chromosomal mutants were confirmed by Southern blot analysis. The molecular weight of the polymer was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Five of the eight point mutants produced polymers having molecular weights higher than the molecular weight of the polymer produced by the wild type. Moreover, four of these five polymers had modified biological properties. Replacement of arginine by leucine (R418L) resulted in the most significant change in the molecular weight of the polymer. The R418L mutant was the most hydrophilic mutant, exhibiting decreased adherence to polystyrene, and inhibited biofilm formation. The results described in this report show the functional effect of Wzc modification on the molecular weight of a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide. Moreover, in the present study we developed a genetic system to control polymerization of apoemulsan. The use of selective exogenous fatty acid feeding strategies, as well as genetic manipulation of sugar backbone chain length, is a promising new approach for bioengineering emulsan analogs.
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48

Liu, Yihuan, Xin Yuan, Jiaqi Wu, Xin Hu, Ning Zhu, and Kai Guo. "Access to high-molecular-weight poly(γ-butyrolactone) by using simple commercial catalysts." Polymer Chemistry 13, no. 3 (2022): 439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1py01340h.

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The simple commercial organomagnesium catalysts were utilized for efficient access to high-molecular-weight poly(γ-butyrolactone) and facile manipulation of the reaction conditions enabled the polymer topology controlled.
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49

Statsenko, Anna, Ginga Ito, Wataru Inami, Yoshimasa Kawata, and Leonid Poperenko. "Optical Trapping and Manipulation of Polymer Spheres and HeLa Cell Organelles." Advanced Materials Research 1117 (July 2015): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1117.60.

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Two types of single beam laser traps have been built. Laser trap using visible light is used to optically trap micro-and nanosized polymer spheres. Laser trap using near infrared radiation is used to avoid optical damage when used to manipulate living cells. Manipulation of internal organelle was successfully demonstrated.
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50

Cao, Chunyan, Xin Huang, Dong Lv, Liqing Ai, Weilong Chen, Changshun Hou, Bo Yi, Jingdong Luo, and Xi Yao. "Ultrastretchable conductive liquid metal composites enabled by adaptive interfacial polarization." Materials Horizons 8, no. 12 (2021): 3399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1mh00924a.

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The adaptive polar–polar interactions between the PVDF copolymer and the gallium oxide layer bring advantageous manipulation of LM compartments in the polymer matrix, offering stable conductivity under continuous stretching.
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