Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Polymer manipulation'
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Zarrouati, Nadège. "A precision manipulation system for polymer microdevice production." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61927.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-107).
Microfluidic science is currently going through a transition from the research laboratories to the industry as the applications and technologies increase and improve. One of the challenges of this transition is the automated production of microfluidic devices for competitive costs and production rates. The objective of this thesis was to design and achieve a fully automated production of polymer-based microfluidic devices. The manipulation must be adapted to all the processing stations and its position repeatability must be within a couple of tens of microns. Based on overall consistency and modularity criterions, we selected a SCARA robot associated with a custom vacuum chuck end effector. The position repeatability was improved by an alignment strategy based on a compliant kinematic coupling. For an ideal part, this strategy divides the position uncertainty of the manipulator by a factor of 5. A model of the flow of materials in the production cell has been optimized to maximize the production rate: the shortest value of the Takt time reaches 280s.
by Nadège Zarrouati.
S.M.
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Rachamadugu, Sairaj. "Manipulation of 3D knotted polygons." TopSCHOLAR®, 2012. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1162.
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This thesis discusses the development of software architecture to support the computational investigation of random polygons in 3 space. The random polygons themselves are a simple model of long polymer chains. (A DNA molecule is one example of a polymer.)
This software architecture includes "building blocks" which specify the actual manipulations and computations to be performed, and a structural framework which allows the user to specify which manipulations/computations to perform, in which order and with how many repetitions. The overall framework is designed in such a way that new building blocks can easily be added in the future. The development of three different building blocks to be used in this architecture which are entitled: Reducer, Lengthener and OutsideInLengthener are also discussed in this thesis. These building blocks manipulate the existing polygons - increasing or decreasing their size.
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Kothera, Curt S. "Micro-Manipulation and Bandwidth Characterization of Ionic Polymer Actuators." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35982.
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Ionic polymer materials are a class of electroactive polymers that have been used in recent applications that take advantage of their large bending deflection. Although these materials have been around since the 1960s, it has only been in the last decade that their electromechanical coupling has been discovered. Because their life as a transducer has been relatively short, the underlying mechanisms for their mechanical motion have not yet been fully characterized. Modeling has been performed with ionic polymers, but there is no existing model, to date, that explains all the physical phenomena associated them.
The work presented in this document will contribute to the characterization of these materials. To better understand the dehydration effect of ionic polymers operating in an open air environment, research was performed to help characterize this effect. Through the use of frequency response analysis, trends were established showing how the material's response characteristics varied with time, as the polymer dehydrated. These tests were also run at different humidity levels to assess the impact environmental conditions had on the response. It was shown that lower humidity levels cause the system parameters to shift at a higher rate.
The two configurations tested were clamped-free and clamped-clamped, in an effort to bound the performance of the actuators for engineering applications. The clamped-clamped condition also facilitated applying tension to the polymers for evaluation of the dehydrating effects. Several comparisons to beam theory were made throughout the analysis, using it as a baseline condition illustrator. Though qualitative results were obtained with the polymers, there was much discrepancy in quantitative measures. This was to be expected though, because ionic polymers are composite actuators that exhibit nonlinear behavior, while uniform beams are linear.
Environmental testing was not all that was done, however. Control techniques were applied to improve the closed-loop performance of the actuators. Using proportional-integral control, it was demonstrated that ionic polymers are capable of tracking reference inputs better than it was previously thought. This result will validate future experimentation with ionic polymers for micro-manipulation applications. The simplicity of integral control also eliminated the need for cumbersome model derivations and control system designs, reducing the time necessary to implement and test an actuator. Through the use of this control algorithm, the closed-loop bandwidth was also characterized for the cantilever and clamped-clamped polymers.Master of Science
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Ecker, Christof. "Conformations of single polymer chains on surfaces." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15324.
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In dieser Arbeit wurden auf Substratoberflächen adsorbierte Polymermoleküle mit Rasterkraftmikroskopie (RKM) untersucht. Dabei war die Form der Moleküle (Konformation) von besonderem Interesse. Sie ist von zentralerer Bedeutung in der Polymerphysik und wird üblicherweise in Lösung und mit Streumethoden untersucht. Polymerkonformationen auf Oberflächen sind heutzutage noch wenig untersucht. Üblicherweise wird das Verhalten nach dem so genannten Wormlike-Chain Modell angenommen. Es basiert auf der Annahme, dass die Kettenbiegung nur aus thermischen Fluktuationen resultiert, so dass sich die Kettenform durch statistische Mechanik beschreiben lässt. Es wurden für verschiedene Modellsystem einzelne Moleküle hochaufgelöst abgebildet und die Konformation aus den Bildern bestimmt. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die idealisierte Vorstellung des Wormlike-Chain Modells tatsächlich nur für wenige der untersuchten Systeme erfüllt ist. Abweichende Konformationen sind oft auffallend regelmäßig: entweder sinusartig mäandrierte oder spiralförmig gedrehte. Beide Charakteristika lassen sich aus dem Prozess der Adsorption erklären, was zeigt, dass die Moleküle auf dem Substrat immobil sind, so dass eine thermische Relaxation der Konformation verhindert ist. Konformtionen lassen sich mit RKM nicht nur beobachten, sondern auch gezielt verändern (Nanomanipulation). Für dendronisierte Polymere konnte so gezeigt werden, dass es einen glasartigen Zustand für das einzelne Molekül gibt. In diesem Zustand verhält sich das Molekül nicht mehr wie eine bewegliche Kette, sondern formstabil, ähnlich einem makroskopischen festen Körper.In this work single polymer molecules adsorbed onto substrate surfaces were investigated by scanning force microscopy (SFM). The focus was on the shape (conformation) of the molecules, which is of central importance in polymer physics. It is commonly investigated in solutions and with scattering methods. Conformations on surfaces are only little investigated thus far. Often a behavior according to the so-called worm-like chain model is assumed. It is based on the assumption that chain bending results entirely from thermal fluctuations so that the overall chain shape can be described by statistical mechanics. For several model systems single molecules were imaged and the conformation was determined from the images. It was found that the idealistic wormlike chain behavior is only valid for a few systems. Deviations are often remarkable regular: either sine-like undulated or spiral wound. Both characteristics can be explained from the process of adsorption, indicating that molecules are immobile on the substrate so that thermal relaxation is inhibited. Conformations can not only be imaged using the SFM, but also changed in a defined way (nanomanipulation). Manipulation experiments with dendronized polymers the existence of a glassy state for the single polymer. In this state the molecule no longer behaves as a flexible chain but remains its shape, similar to a macroscopic solid body.
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Liberski, Albert Ryszard. "Combinatorial polymer synthesis and inkjet printing for cellular control and manipulation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11058.
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Inkjet printing was used for the fabrication and optimization of polymer microarrays for high-throughput screening of small molecule polymorphisms. In particular, inkjet printing was used for polymer deposition in a microarray format and for the dispensing of small molecules in solution. Crystals formed on polymer spots were screened for recording of the polymorphism. Moreover, inkjet printing was used for performing high-throughput polymerization. In the in situ nL scale polymerization the homo and copolymers were fabricated directly in microarray format. Prepared polymer microarrays were screened to identify polymers suitable for mouse embryonic stem cell adhesion and growth. To advance cell patterning in various non-microarray formats the strategy based on preferential cell binding on collagen was applied. Collagen was dispensed by inkjet printing in patterns laid-down by a bitmap converter. The second strategy for advance cell patterning was based on a simple masking process. A laser printer was used to generate a non-binding surface on glass. This simple concept delivered excellent results. Finally, polymer microarray screening was used to develop a platform for human cornea epithelial cell transfer. In this case, 252 polymers (polyurethanes and polyacrylates) were screened in a culture of cells. A transfer experiment was performed to prove the ability of cells to migrate from the cultivation surface to the target surface. The best polymer was then used to construct a platform suitable for medical use.
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Gilje, S. Scott. "Chemical manipulation of graphite for polymer composite and nano electronic applications." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1495960651&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Ecker, Christof. "Conformations of single polymer chains on surfaces non-equilibrium, equilibrium and manipulation /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=976610140.
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Higginbotham, Catrena Pearl. "The characterization and manipulation of the internal pore structure of tetramethoxysilane sol-gels and polymer hybrid gels." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30556.
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Zhuang, Wei. "Controlled nanostructures of synthetic and biological polymers investigated by scanning force microscopy techniques." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16210.
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Polymere Nanostrukturen aus funktionalen synthetischen und biologischen Makromolekülen wurden an Grenzflächen und in dünnen Filmen selbstorganisiert, und dann mit Hilfe von Rasterkraftmikroskopie (SFM) - Techniken erforscht, um ein Verständnis auf molekularer Ebene zu entwickeln, das es erlaubt, ihre Eigenschaften kontrolliert einzustellen. Eine weit verbreitetes Polymer für die organische Elektronik, Poly(3-hexylthiophen), wurde in dünnen Filmen untersucht, um den Einfluß des Molekulargewichts auf die Ausbildung molekularer Nanostrukturen und die Korrelation mit den entsprechenden Transistor Eigenschaften und Ladungsträger-Beweglichkeiten zu bestimmen. Auf der Ebene einzelner Makromolekülen wurden dendronisierte Polymere untersucht. Zum ersten Mal wurde über die spontane Faltung einzelner synthetischer Polymerketten berichtet. Darüber hinaus ist es gelungen, seltene einzelne Polymertopologien wie z.B. Kettenverzweigung nachzuweisen, die nicht durch andere Methode nachweisbar sind. Die Komplexierung von doppelsträngiger-DNA (ds-DNA) mit amphiphilen kleinen Molekülen erlaubt es, makromolekulare Konformationen durch eine Molekulare Werkbank zu kontrollieren, die wesentlich in der vorliegenden Arbeit entwickelt wurde. Damit wurde es möglich, ds-DNA auf molekular modifizierten Graphit-Oberflächen zu spalten, auszustrecken, zu überdehnen, und schließlich zu brechen. Mit einer neu entwickelten "SFM Blowing"-Technik wurden überdrillte ds-DNA und synthetische Block-Copolymere aus DNA und Poly(ethylenglycol) vollständig auf einem atomar flachen Substrat ausgestreckt. Insgesamt liefert die vorliegende Arbeit neue Einblicke in hoch interessante funktionale polymere Nanostrukturen sowie neue Methoden für deren Untersuchung. Die Ergebnisse sind von großer Bedeutung für die Entwicklung von biologisch inspirierten, funktionalen molekularen Systemen, die letztlich nahe an physikalischen Grenzen operieren, etwa was die effiziente Nutzung von Materie und Energie angeht.Polymeric nanostructures from highly attractive, functional synthetic and biological macromolecules were self-assembled at interfaces and in thin films, and then explored with Scanning Force Microscopy (SFM) techniques, in order to develop a molecular level understanding, which allows to control their properties. A widely used polymer for organic electronics, poly(3-hexylthiophene), was investigated in thin films in order to determine the role of molecular weight for the formation of molecular nanostructures, and the correlation with the corresponding transistor properties and charge carrier mobilities. On the level of single macromolecules, dendronized polymers, were investigated. For the first time, self-folding of single synthetic polymer chains into polymeric duplexes was reported. Moreover, it became possible to detect rare single polymer topologies, such as chain branching, which could not be detected by any other means so far. The complexation of plasmid double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA) with amphiphilic small molecules allowed to control the macromolecular conformation with a “Molecular Workbench”, developed largely within this thesis. It became possible to split, stretch, overstretch, and finally break ds-DNA on molecularly modified graphite surfaces. With a newly developed “SFM blowing” technique, supercoiled ds-DNA and also synthetic block copolymers from DNA and poly(ethyleneglycol) were fully stretched on an atomically flat substrate. Quantitative experiments allowed to estimate rupture forces of ds-DNA on a time scale on the order of as much as half an hour. In summary, this work presents new insight into highly interesting functional polymeric nanostructures as well as new methods for their investigation. The results are highly relevant for a rational development of biologically inspired functional molecular systems, which may ultimately operate close to physical limits as far as the efficient use of matter and energy is concerned.
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Daniels-Hafer, Carrie Lynn. "Electrochemical tuning of charge transport at inorganic semiconductor doped conjugated polymer interfaces through manipulation of electrochemical potential /." view abstract or download file of text, 2004.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2004.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 185-196). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Au, Thi Huong. "Optimisation et manipulation d'une source de photons uniques par des structures photoniques 2D et 3D à base de matériau polymère à température ambiante." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLN046.
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Cette thèse a été consacrée à l'étude théorique et expérimentale du couplage contrôlé de la source de photon unique (SPS) aux structures photoniques multidimensionnelles, par l'utilisation de la méthode dite écriture directe par laser (DLW) par absorption ultra-faible à un photon (LOPA). La thèse est constitutée de trois parties principales suivantes:La première partie concerne le caractérisation et l'optimisation des dots quantiques (QD) colloïdaux CdSe/CdS. La dépendance de la longeur d'onde d'excitation a été étudiée. En utilisant une excitation à 532 nm, seul le core est excité et l’effet d'Auger est donc supprimé. Cette approche permet donc d'obtenir avec la suppression de la commutation intermittente et une source de photon unique très stable à température ambiante. Afin d’obtenir une meilleure performance des QDs sur une longue période, nous avons ensuite étudié l'influence du milieu dans lequel les QDs sont logés sur leurs propriétés optiques. En intégrant les QDs dans les matrices de polymère SU-8, nous avons montré que l'environnement polymérique permet non seulement de conserver de bonnes caractéristiques des QDs CdSe/CdS avec une photostabilité élevée, mais également de nous offrir une excellente accessibilité à la fabrication des structures en polymère contenant une particule unique.Dans la deuxième partie, la technique LOPA DLW est utilisée pour le couplage des QDs uniques dans diverses structures photoniques. Deux dispositifs, l’antenne du type ''pilier diélectrique'' sous-lambda et la membrane de réseau circulaire (cavité du type ''bulleye''), ont été étudiés théoriquement et expérimentalement pour améliorer l’émission du QD couplé en termes de l'émission spatiale et de l’émission radiative spontanée de l’émetteur.Dans la troisième partie, la manipulation de la SPS est démontrée en couplant le QD unique à des structures magnéto-photoniques multidimensionnelles. À l'aide d'un champ magnétique externe, le mouvement contrôlable d'un seul QD a été démontré dans un environnement fluidique. En contrôlant l'amplitude et l'orientation du champ magnétique externe, la position et l'orientation de la SPS à base d'un QD ont été manipulées à la demande. Les propriétés optiques, magnétiques et mécaniques des dispositifs magnéto-photoniques hybrides ont été étudiées pour montrer les capacités multifonctionnelles de telles structuresThe thesis has been devoted to study the controlled coupling of a colloidal quantum dot (QD) based single photon source (SPS) into multidimensional polymeric photonic structures by using low-one photon absorption (LOPA) direct laser writing (DLW) technique. The thesis consists of three main parts:The first part addresses the characteristic optimization of the CdSe/CdS based SPS. The excitation wavelength dependence of the QDs was investigated. By using 532 nm, only the core of the QD is excited with the suppression of the Auger effects. Thus, this approach allows for obtaining the suppression of fluorescence intermittency and a stable single-photon emission at ambient conditions. In order to obtain the long-term high fluorescence quality of the QDs, we then studied the influence of the local dielectric medium on the optical properties of the QDs. By incorporating the QDs into a photoresist (SU-8), we demonstrated that the polymeric environment not only enables the long-term preservation of the QD with high photostability but also provides us excellent accessibility to fabricate polymeric structures containing SPS.In the second part, the LOPA-based DLW is employed for the coupling of single QD into various photonic structures. Two devices including submicropillar dielectric antenna and 3D membrane bulleye cavity are theoretically and experimentally investigated to enhance the fluorescence emission of the single QD in terms of far-field angular radiation pattern and the spontaneous radiative emission of the emitter.In the third part, the manipulation of SPS is demonstrated by coupling the single QD into multidimensional magneto-photonic structures. With the aid of an external magnetic field, the controllable movement of the coupled QD was performed in the fluidic environment. The position and orientation of the SPS coupled in the structure were manipulated on demand. The mechanical, magnetic and optical properties of the device are investigated showing the multifunctional capabilities of magneto-photonic structures
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Liu, Hao. "Manipulation of self-assembled nanostructures from molecular Janus particles based on polyoxometalates, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes and [60]fullerene." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1447529892.
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Akbarian-Tefaghi, Sara. "Microwave-Assisted Topochemical Manipulation of Layered Oxide Perovskites: From Inorganic Layered Oxides to Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Perovskites and Functionalized Metal-Oxide Nanosheets." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2017. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2287.
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Developing new materials with desired properties is a vital component of emerging technologies. Functional hybrid compounds make an important class of advanced materials that let us synergistically utilize the key features of the organic and inorganic counterparts in a single composite, providing a very strong tool to develop new materials with ”engineered” properties. The research presented here, summarizes efforts in the development of facile and efficient methods for the fabrication of three- and two-dimensional inorganic-organic hybrids based on layered oxide perovskites. Microwave radiation was exploited to rapidly fabricate and modify new and known materials. Despite the extensive utilization of microwaves in organic syntheses as well as the fabrication of the inorganic solids, the work herein was among the first reported that used microwaves in topochemical modification of the layered oxide perovskites. Our group specifically was the first to perform rapid microwave-assisted reactions in all of the modification steps including proton exchange, grafting, intercalation, and exfoliation, which decreased the duration of multi-step modification procedures from weeks to only a few hours. Microwave-assisted grafting and intercalation reactions with n-alkyl alcohols and n-alkylamines, respectively, were successfully applied on double-layered Dion-Jacobson and Ruddlesden-Popper phases (HLaNb2O7, HPrNb2O7, and H2CaTa2O7), and with somewhat more limited reactivity, applied to triple-layered perovskites (HCa2Nb3O10 and H2La2Ti3O10). Performing neutron diffraction on n-propoxy-LaNb2O7, structure refinement of a layered hybrid oxide perovskite was then tried for the first time. Furthermore, two-dimensional hybrid oxides were efficiently prepared from HLnNb2O7 (Ln = La, Pr), HCa2Nb3O10, HCa2Nb2FeO9, and HLaCaNb2MnO10, employing facile microwave-assisted exfoliation and post-exfoliation surface-modification reactions for the first time. A variety of surface groups, saturated or unsaturated linear and cyclic organics, were successfully anchored onto these oxide nanosheets. Properties of various functionalized metal-oxide nanosheets, as well as the polymerization of some monomer-grafted nanosheets, were then investigated for the two-dimensional hybrid systems.
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Marcati, Alain. "Génération de particules de polymères à structure contrôlée par la microfluidique." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT033G/document.
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Ces travaux de recherche s’inscrivent d’une part dans une thématique d’intensification de procédés : la synthèse des particules de polymères est classiquement réalisée en batch en présence de solvants, tensioactifs et agents stabilisateurs. Dans ces conditions, les particules générées ont une distribution de taille assez large. Pour palier à celà, la synthèse des particules est envisagée en continu dans des microcanaux avec l’eau en phase dispersante, sans ajout de tensioactifs et sans traitement de surface des parois du microréacteur. L’utilisation de l’échelle micrométrique va ainsi procurer une très grande régularité aux dispersions générées et empêcher la coalescence des gouttelettes au sein du milieu qui provoque la polydispersité des particules dans les cuves agitées. Nous avons donc développé des outils microfluidiques et étudié l’hydrodynamique dans ces microréacteurs pour obtenir la génération de gouttelettes sphériques afin de synthétiser des billes d’un diamètre inférieur à la centaine de microns par polymérisation directe des gouttes. Ces travaux visent d’autre part, la production de nouveaux matériaux puisque l’objectif était non seulement de produire des particules simples mais d’envisager des structures plus complexes telles que des particules multicouches de type oignon pour lesquelles on pourrait choisir la nature et l’épaisseur de chaque couche. Nous avons donc travaillé sur la manipulation de l’écoulement après polymérisation pour envisager des méthodes d’enrobage des particules coeurs. Enfin nous avons trouvé une nouvelle application liée à la synthèse de particules en microcanaux : la création de colonnes chromatographiques remplies de particulesThis work is full part of process intensification : polymer particles are usually synthesized in batch reactors with solvents, surfactants and stabilizers. In these conditions, particles are obtained with large size distribution. In order to reduce size distribution, particles synthesis is then studied in a continuous process in microchannels in water, without surfactants nor surface treatment of microreactors’ walls. The micron-size scale provides indeed better control of monomer dispersion and prevents droplets coalescence which is the major reason of polydispersity in stirred tank reactors.That is why we have developped microfluidic tools and studied hydrodynamics and droplet generation into microreactors in order to synthetize polymer beads smaller than a hundred microns by direct polymerization of spherical droplets. This work also deals with new material creaction : the objective was also to produce onion-like structures for whom we could choose each layer chemical nature and thickness. We have then analysed manipulation of partciles flow to determine ways of encapsulating core particles. Finally, we also developped a new application related to polymer beads into microchannels : the creation of micropacked chromatography columns
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Jelken, Joachim [Verfasser], Svetlana [Akademischer Betreuer] Santer, Marina [Gutachter] Grenzer, and Arri [Gutachter] Priimägi. "Surface relief and bulk birefringence gratings in photo-sensitive polymer films : in-situ probing and manipulation in real time / Joachim Jelken ; Gutachter: Marina Grenzer, Arri Priimägi ; Betreuer: Svetlana Santer." Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223536718/34.
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Hohn, Nuri [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Müller-Buschbaum, Peter [Gutachter] Müller-Buschbaum, and Aliaksandr [Gutachter] Bandarenka. "Polymer Templated Nanostructures for Application in Hybrid Photovoltaics and Li Ion Batteries : Mesoscale Structure Manipulation & Implications for Efficiency / Nuri Hohn ; Gutachter: Peter Müller-Buschbaum, Aliaksandr Bandarenka ; Betreuer: Peter Müller-Buschbaum." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1185638059/34.
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Bakbak, Selma. "Structural manipulation of conjugated polymers." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-01112006-211158/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.Dr. Uwe H. F. Bunz, Committee Chair ; Dr. Laren M. Tolbert, Committee Member ; Dr. Joseph Perry, Committee Member ; Dr. David M. Collard, Committee Member ; Dr. Anselm C. Griffin, Committee Member.
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Fedoruk, Michael. "Plasmonic manipulation of thermoresponsive and thermosetting polymers." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-160075.
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Wingert, Andreas R. (Andreas Reinhold) 1977. "Development of a polymer-actuated binary manipulator." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89361.
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Wang, TingTing. "Acoustic / elastic wave propagation in coupled-resonator waveguides." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCD061.
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Lorsqu'un défaut est introduit dans un cristal phononique, des états apparaissent dans les bandes interdites et se localisent au niveau des défauts. Ils décroissent rapidement loin du défaut. Par conséquent, il est possible de localiser et de guider la propagation des ondes en concevant des défauts dans un cristal phononique parfait. Le guide d’onde à résonateurs couplés, fondé sur le couplage d'une séquence de cavités, présente simultanément un fort confinement des ondes et une faible vitesse de groupe ; il peut être utilisé pour concevoir des circuits plutôt arbitraires. En outre, la propagation des ondes élastiques dans une matrice solide peut être contrôlée en remplissant des cavités d'un fluide, sur la base des systèmes couplés fluides-solides. Ils ont des applications essentielles pour la réduction des vibrations et l’isolation acoustique. Dans cette thèse, les ondes acoustiques et élastiques se propageant dans les guides d’ondes à résonateurs couplés périodiques et apériodiques sont étudiées. L’interaction fluide-solide dans les cristaux phononiques fluide / solide est étudiée. Les travaux sont menés en combinant simulation numérique, analyse par modèles théoriques et investigation expérimentaleWhen a defect is introduced into a phononic crystal, states localized at the defect appear in the band gaps. They decay rapidly far away from the defect. Therefore, it is possible to localize and guide wave propagation by designing defects in the perfect phononic crystal. Coupled-resonator waveguides based on the coupling effect between a sequence of defect cavities have simultaneously strong wave confinement and low group velocity, and can be used to design rather arbitrary circuits. Furthermore, the propagation of elastic waves in a solid matrix can be controlled through changing fluid fillings based on fluid-solid interaction. Thus, they have essential applications in vibration reduction and noise isolation. In this thesis, the acoustic and elastic waves propagating in both periodic and aperiodic coupled-resonator waveguides are investigated. The fluid-solid interaction in fluid/solid phononic crystals is studied. The work is conducted by combining numerical simulations, theoretical model analysis and experimental investigations
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Erdmann, Matthias. "Investigation and electrical manipulation of adsorbed polymers measured by atomic force microscopy." Diss., kostenfrei, 2009. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11479/.
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Fedoruk, Michael [Verfasser], and Jochen [Akademischer Betreuer] Feldmann. "Plasmonic manipulation of thermoresponsive and thermosetting polymers / Michael Fedoruk. Betreuer: Jochen Feldmann." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1038152585/34.
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Flegg, Mark Bruce. "Theoretical investigation of mechanisms of formation and interaction of nanoparticles." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/31843/1/Mark_Flegg_Thesis.pdf.
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In this thesis an investigation into theoretical models for formation and interaction of nanoparticles is presented. The work presented includes a literature review of current models followed by a series of five chapters of original research. This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy by publication and therefore each of the five chapters consist of a peer-reviewed journal article. The thesis is then concluded with a discussion of what has been achieved during the PhD candidature, the potential applications for this research and ways in which the research could be extended in the future. In this thesis we explore stochastic models pertaining to the interaction and evolution mechanisms of nanoparticles. In particular, we explore in depth the stochastic evaporation of molecules due to thermal activation and its ultimate effect on nanoparticles sizes and concentrations. Secondly, we analyse the thermal vibrations of nanoparticles suspended in a fluid and subject to standing oscillating drag forces (as would occur in a standing sound wave) and finally on lattice surfaces in the presence of high heat gradients. We have described in this thesis a number of new models for the description of multicompartment networks joined by a multiple, stochastically evaporating, links. The primary motivation for this work is in the description of thermal fragmentation in which multiple molecules holding parts of a carbonaceous nanoparticle may evaporate. Ultimately, these models predict the rate at which the network or aggregate fragments into smaller networks/aggregates and with what aggregate size distribution. The models are highly analytic and describe the fragmentation of a link holding multiple bonds using Markov processes that best describe different physical situations and these processes have been analysed using a number of mathematical methods. The fragmentation of the network/aggregate is then predicted using combinatorial arguments. Whilst there is some scepticism in the scientific community pertaining to the proposed mechanism of thermal fragmentation,we have presented compelling evidence in this thesis supporting the currently proposed mechanism and shown that our models can accurately match experimental results. This was achieved using a realistic simulation of the fragmentation of the fractal carbonaceous aggregate structure using our models. Furthermore, in this thesis a method of manipulation using acoustic standing waves is investigated. In our investigation we analysed the effect of frequency and particle size on the ability for the particle to be manipulated by means of a standing acoustic wave. In our results, we report the existence of a critical frequency for a particular particle size. This frequency is inversely proportional to the Stokes time of the particle in the fluid. We also find that for large frequencies the subtle Brownian motion of even larger particles plays a significant role in the efficacy of the manipulation. This is due to the decreasing size of the boundary layer between acoustic nodes. Our model utilises a multiple time scale approach to calculating the long term effects of the standing acoustic field on the particles that are interacting with the sound. These effects are then combined with the effects of Brownian motion in order to obtain a complete mathematical description of the particle dynamics in such acoustic fields. Finally, in this thesis, we develop a numerical routine for the description of "thermal tweezers". Currently, the technique of thermal tweezers is predominantly theoretical however there has been a handful of successful experiments which demonstrate the effect it practise. Thermal tweezers is the name given to the way in which particles can be easily manipulated on a lattice surface by careful selection of a heat distribution over the surface. Typically, the theoretical simulations of the effect can be rather time consuming with supercomputer facilities processing data over days or even weeks. Our alternative numerical method for the simulation of particle distributions pertaining to the thermal tweezers effect use the Fokker-Planck equation to derive a quick numerical method for the calculation of the effective diffusion constant as a result of the lattice and the temperature. We then use this diffusion constant and solve the diffusion equation numerically using the finite volume method. This saves the algorithm from calculating many individual particle trajectories since it is describes the flow of the probability distribution of particles in a continuous manner. The alternative method that is outlined in this thesis can produce a larger quantity of accurate results on a household PC in a matter of hours which is much better than was previously achieveable.
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Tartsch, Bernd. "Organization, manipulation and motion of brush polymers and low molecular weight amphiphiles at interfaces." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=979080673.
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Dyer, Patrick E. "Dynamic control of active textiles : the integration of nickel-titanium shape memory alloys and the manipulation of woven structures." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2010. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/dac52061-4aaa-4af6-a4c2-3fd5e6c4961f.
Full textAbstract:
The integration of wire-form, nickel titanium (NiTi), shape memory alloys (SMA), within woven structures, offers the potential to generate unique properties in this bi-material composite. The combination of two materials, one of which can be modified with regard to its stiffness and elastic behaviour, gives further latitude for the textile designer to adapt a combination of functional and aesthetic properties in constructed textiles. To date, there has been limited research into the impact textile structures could have on both direct and indirect shape transfer from an integrated SMA component. This thesis overviews the integration of shape memory materials in textile structures informed through practice.
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Felicio, Perruci Gustavo Felicio. "SHEAR BAND MANIPULATION IN POLYMERIC HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES USING RELIEF HOLES AND DIC ANALYSIS." OpenSIUC, 2021. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2884.
Full textAbstract:
There is currently an interest in optimizing the structural design to improve materials' strength to weight ratio or improve stiffness for energy absorption. As such, cellular structures are continuously studied and improved. However, it is a well-known fact in the literature that one primary mechanism of failure of a honeycomb is the formation of shear bands. The impacts of these shear bands bring many questions and unknowns, especially when the cellular structures are created with the increasingly popular manufacturing technique of 3D printing. Therefore, understanding the deformations in 3D printed honeycomb structures is necessary to explain the behavior of materials generated through new additive manufacturing techniques and further the knowledge of the deformation localization and, consequently, formations of shear bands in the deformation process of cellular structures.In the first phase of this work, samples with a unit cell regular hexagonal honeycomb format were designed and manufactured using masked-stereolithography (M-SLA). After the curing process, the samples were prepared with a paint application in the format of speckle, and DIC was realized in a compression experiment to identify and analyze the presence of high strain regions indicating the presence of shear bands. A second phase was then conducted, aiming to consider the control and manipulation of the shear band through the utilization of relief holes. The results demonstrated that adding incisions in specific parts of the polymeric honeycomb makes it possible to change its strain spread through the shear band and change its toughness.
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Weis, Jonathan G. (Jonathan Garrett). "Manipulating Conjugation in electronic polymers and graphitic materials: chemosensors, precursor routes, and self-assembly." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98786.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
In Chapter 1, we synthesize dithienobenzotropone-based conjugated alternating copolymers by direct arylation polycondensation. Post-polymerization hydride reduction furnishes cross-conjugated copolymeric hydrogels that undergo phosphorylation and subsequent ionization upon exposure to chemical warfare agent (CWA) mimics. The resulting conjugated, cationic copolymer is intensely colored and facilitates spectroscopic and colorimetric detection of CWA mimics in solution and as a thin film. Similarly, we report the incorporation of CWA-responsive units into random copolymers prepared by ringopening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) to create highly modular, chromogenic thin films. In Chapter 2, we explore homoconjugated polynorbornadienes possessing various electron-withdrawing groups as polymeric precursors to electron-accepting poly(cyclopentadienylene vinylene) derivatives. Tungsten oxo alkylidene catalysts were utilized to polymerize a variety of 7-isopropylidene- and 7-oxa-2,3-disubstituted norbornadienes in a cis-highly tactic fashion by ROMP. We further demonstrate the excellent scope of tungsten oxo complexes by polymerizing norbornadienes that are unreactive with traditional molybdenum-, tungsten-, and ruthenium-based catalysts. In Chapter 3, we employ atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to examine graphene oxide (GO) samples with gradations of (de)oxygenation. We analyze the roughness of the apparent height in STM topographic measurements - i.e. the "apparent roughness" - and report a correlation between increasing deoxygenation and decreasing surface roughness. The "apparent roughness" therefore serves as a supplemental technique for analyzing samples of GO. Furthermore, we report the first example of using an STM tip to locally reduce GO without local destruction of the graphene sample. In Chapter 4, we exploit the extraordinary self-recognition properties of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to assemble single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in a controllable manner. Networks of SWCNTs with three-way junctions could be constructed in solution or sequentially on a surface. We envision that more complex nanoscale architectures and circuits can be prepared in this bottom-up manner. In Chapter 5, we introduce halogen bonding in SWCNT-based chemiresistive gas sensors. These chemiresistors were prepared by ball milling of SWCNTs and selectors, compression into a pellet, and mechanical abrasion between gold electrodes on paper. We demonstrate that sensing responses reflect halogen bonding trends, with some exceptions. The predominant signal transduction mechanism is likely attributed to swelling of the insulating haloarene matrix.
by Jonathan G. Weis.
Ph. D.
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Lorcy, Jean-Marc. "Étude de nanofils coaxiaux de coeur nickel et gaine PPV pour la manipulation magnétique d'objets luminescents." Nantes, 2009. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=e754f0bd-4773-42df-99e7-66c3afd1463b.
Full textAbstract:
Les nanostructures organiques constituent un domaine d’étude très actif qui concerne potentiellement de nombreuses nanotechnologies. A l’interface Matériaux et Nanophysique, nous avons élaboré et étudié des nanofils hybrides polymère-métal en géométrie coaxiale. Cette géométrie permet notamment de profiter du renfort mécanique du coeur en métal pour pallier la faible tenue mécanique des nanofibres de polymères. Les nanofils élaborés ont un coeur en Nickel et une gaine en polyphénylvinylène (PPV), polymère photoluminescent. Nous avons également synthétisé des nanofils coaxiaux Polyméthylmetacrylate (PMMA) /PPV. La fabrication de ces nanofils combine les techniques d’imprégnation et de dépôt électrochimique à l’intérieur de nanopores (méthode template). La structure coaxiale de type coeur-gaine de ces nano-objets a été montrée par les techniques de microscopie électronique. Les effets physiques induits par la morphologie de ces nanofils coaxiaux (échelle nanométrique et structure coeur-gaine) sur leurs propriétés magnétiques et d’émission optique sont étudiés. L’examen des propriétés optiques révèle un décalage vers le bleu de la photoluminescence attribué à la nature tubulaire des nanofibres de PPV. La synthèse du coeur métallique engendre une perte importante de luminescence dont l’origine est discutée. Ces nanofils hybrides montrent un comportement ferromagnétique avec un axe de facile aimantation orienté suivant l’axe des nanofils. La manipulation magnétique et le transfert sur substrat de ces briques élémentaires multifonctionnelles ont été réalisésAn important part of nanotechnology concerns the elaboration of organic nanomaterials in relation with their numerous applications. Devices with enhanced capabilities can be prepared by combining and assembling novel nanostructured materials which act as building blocks (bottom-up strategy). At the interface between material science and nanophysics, coaxial hybrid metal-polymer nanowires have been developed. These successfully synthesised nanowires own a nickel core and a poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) shell. Coaxial Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/PPV have also been effectively produced. A template-based strategy has been developed which combines a wet-chemical technique and electrodeposition within nanoporous membranes. Morphological, structural and chemical characterization by means of electron microscopy and related techniques demonstrate unambiguously that coaxial nickel/PPV nanowires have been successfully synthesized. Moreover, modification of their optical and magnetic properties due to the nanoscale and the core–shell structure has been studied. The nickel-PPV nanowires exhibit a slightly blueshifted photoluminescence (PL), which is directly related to the tubular morphology of the PPV shell. The effect of the nickel core on the PL intensity of the PPV shell is discussed. The nanowires exhibit a ferromagnetic behaviour with a magnetization easy axis along the wire axis. These magnetic properties as well as the mechanical reinforcement of the polymer nanotube by the metallic core allow the magnetic manipulation of the nanowires. It opens the way to use this kind of system as multifunctional building blocks for bio-applications for example
29
Ben, Messaoud Tahar. "Effet laser en microcavités symétriques et asymétriques à base de polymère luminescent." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DENS0039.
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Lorcy, Jean-Marc. "Étude de nanofils coaxiaux de cœur nickel et gaine Poly (p-phénylène vinylène) pour la manipulation magnétique d'objets luminescents." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00569080.
Full textAbstract:
Les nanostructures organiques constituent un domaine d'étude très actif qui concerne potentiellement de nombreuses nanotechnologies. A l'interface Matériaux et Nanophysique, nous avons élaboré et étudié des nanofils hybrides polymère-métal en géométrie coaxiale. Cette géométrie permet notamment de profiter du renfort mécanique du coeur en métal pour pallier la faible tenue mécanique des nanofibres de polymères. Les nanofils élaborés ont un coeur en Nickel et une gaine en polyphénylvinylène (PPV), polymère photoluminescent. Nous avons également synthétisé des nanofils coaxiaux Polyméthylmetacrylate (PMMA) /PPV. La fabrication de ces nanofils combine les techniques d'imprégnation et de dépôt électrochimique à l'intérieur de nanopores (méthode template). La structure coaxiale de type coeur-gaine de ces nano-objets a été montrée par les techniques de microscopie électronique. Les effets physiques induits par la morphologie de ces nanofils coaxiaux (échelle nanométrique et structure coeur-gaine) sur leurs propriétés magnétiques et d'émission optique sont étudiés. L'examen des propriétés optiques révèle un décalage vers le bleu de la photoluminescence attribué à la nature tubulaire des nanofibres de PPV. La synthèse du coeur métallique engendre une perte importante de luminescence dont l'origine est discutée. Ces nanofils hybrides montrent un comportement ferromagnétique avec un axe de facile aimantation orienté suivant l'axe des nanofils. La manipulation magnétique et le transfert sur substrat de ces briques élémentaires multifonctionnelles ont été réalisés.
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Andersson, Magnus. "Construction of force measuring optical tweezers instrumentation and investigations of biophysical properties of bacterial adhesion organelles." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Physics, Umeå Univ, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1425.
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Saxena, Shubham. "Nanolithography on thin films using heated atomic force microscope cantilevers." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-08302006-223629/.
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Colinjivadi, Karthik Subramanian. "Polymer microgrippers for biological cell manipulation /." 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1441203951&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=10361&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Gunari, Nikhil Arun [Verfasser]. "Visualization, manipulation and force spectroscopy of cylindrical polymer brushes / Nikhil Arun Gunari." 2005. http://d-nb.info/978448855/34.
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Hsiao, Ying-Li, and 蕭英利. "Manipulation of Random laser from dye-doped polymer dispersed LCs in capillary." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7af5ne.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
光電工程系研究所
102
The resonance characteristics of random lasers from dye-doped polymer dispersive liquid crystals (DD-PDLCs) within capillary tubes are investigated. The DD-PDLCs were prepared by doping laser dye as the gain medium and mixed different concentration of monomer into the nematic liquid crystals. Then, the DD-PCLC mixtures were filled into the capillary tubes by the capillary effect and then exposed UV light to make the monomer solidify into a polymer. Through excitation by the Q-switched pulse, the emission spectra from the capillary tube revealed multiple emission spikes with narrower emission linewidth due to enhancement of the light scattering. Besides, the number of emission spikes, FWHM and lasing threshold from the DD-PDLCs were determined by the density and grain size of the polymer clusters within the PDLC mixtures through the alternation of the concentration of the doping monomer. Furthermore, the lasing performance of the DD-PDLCs in the capillary tube could be controlled by temperature. At a lower temperature, more emission spikes at longer wavelengths were excited, and the laser revealed a relatively high Q-factor accompanied with relatively low threshold pump energy owing to the increase in the birefringence of the liquid crystal molecules so that multiple recurrent light scattering would be efficiently enhanced.
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Banda, Sumanth. "Electric field manipulation of polymer nanocomposites: processing and investigation of their physical characteristics." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2352.
Full textAbstract:
Research in nanoparticle-reinforced composites is predicated by the promise for
exceptional properties. However, to date the performance of nanocomposites has not
reached its potential due to processing challenges such as inadequate dispersion and
patterning of nanoparticles, and poor bonding and weak interfaces. The main objective
of this dissertation is to improve the physical properties of polymer nanocomposites at
low nanoparticle loading. The first step towards improving the physical properties is to
achieve a good homogenous dispersion of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and single wall
carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in the polymer matrix; the second step is to manipulate the
well-dispersed CNFs and SWNTs in polymers by using an AC electric field.
Different techniques are explored to achieve homogenous dispersion of CNFs and
SWNTs in three polymer matrices (epoxy, polyimide and acrylate) without detrimentally
affecting the nanoparticle morphology. The three main factors that influence CNF and
SWNT dispersion are: use of solvent, sonication time, and type of mixing. Once a dispersion procedure is optimized for each polymer system, the study moves to the next
step. Low concentrations of well dispersed CNFs and SWNTs are successfully
manipulated by means of an AC electric field in acrylate and epoxy polymer solutions.
To monitor the change in microstructure, alignment is observed under an optical
microscope, which identifies a two-step process: rotation of CNFs and SWNTs in the
direction of electric field and chaining of CNFs and SWNTs. In the final step, the
aligned microstructure is preserved by curing the polymer medium, either thermally
(epoxy) or chemically (acrylate). The conductivity and dielectric constant in the parallel
and perpendicular direction increased with increase in alignment frequency. The values
in the parallel direction are greater than the values in the perpendicular direction and
anisotropy in conductivity increased with increase in AC electric field frequency. There
is an 11 orders magnitude increase in electrical conductivity of 0.1 wt% CNF-epoxy
nanocomposite that is aligned at 100 V/mm and 1 kHz frequency for 90 minutes.
Electric field magnitude, frequency and time are tuned to improve and achieve desired
physical properties at very low nanoparticle loadings.
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Sun, Dazhi. "Colloidal Manipulation of Nanostructures: Stable Dispersion and Self-assembly." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/150919.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation work addresses two important aspects of nanotechnology -
stable dispersion and self-assembly of colloidal nanostructures. Three distinctly
different types of nano-scaled materials have been studied: 0-dimensional ZnO quantum
dots (QDs), 1-dimensional carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and 2-dimensional alpha-zirconium
phosphate (ZrP) nanoplatelets. Specifically, highly crystalline ZrP layered compounds
with differences in diameters have been synthesized and fully exfoliated into monolayer
platelets with uniform thickness, followed by their self-assembly into liquid crystalline
structures, i.e., nematic and smectic. A novel colloidal approach to debundle and
disperse CNTs has been developed by utilizing nanoplatelets to gather and concentrate
sonication energy onto nanotube bundles. In such a fashion, CNTs are fully exfoliated
into individual tubes through physical means to preserve their exceptional physical
properties. Moreover, monodisperse ZnO QDs with high purity have been synthesized
through a simple colloidal approach. Exfoliated ZrP nanoplatelets are used to tune the
dispersion of ligand-free ZnO QDs from micron-sized aggregates to an individual QD level depending on the ratio between nanoplatelets and QDs. Dynamic analysis suggests
that the dispersion mechanism mainly involves the change of QD dispersion free energy
due to the presence of nanoplatelets, so that QDs can interact favorably with the
surrounding media. In addition, the nanoplatelet-assisted dispersion approach has been
utilized to disperse QDs and CNTs into polymeric matrices. Dispersion - property
relationship in polymer nanocomposites has been systematically investigated with
emphasis on optical properties for QDs and mechanical properties for CNTs.
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Kim, Bokyung. "The manipulation and characterization of patterned surfaces: I. Oriented nanoscale porous materials II. Drop mobility on surfaces with patterned wettability." 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3427546.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis describes research in the control over long-range order and orientation of porous nanoscale materials and liquid mobility on surfaces with patterned chemistry and topography. A variety of researches will cover the topics ranging from preparation of ordered block copolymers and anodized aluminum oxides, and dynamic wettability on chemically patterned wafers with or without topography. The structure evolution of BCP thin films exposed with binary solvent mixture vapors at different temperatures will be investigated by scanning force microscopy and grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering. The swollen thin films will undergo typical phase separation depending on thickness, temperature, and exposure time, which will determine the morphology of the resulting porous templates. A new approach for preparing ordered nanoporous AAO will be demonstrated using the pattern transfer of BCP structures to the surface of aluminum. By solvent annealing the BCP films in solvent vapor, arrays of cylindrical microdomains with a high degree of lateral order will be produced. Using reactive ion etching, the template of the nanoporous film will be transferred to the Al surface and the subsequent anodization in a concentrated acid solution will generate channels with the center-to-center distance and lateral order of the BCP film. A study of drop mobility on a surface with patterned wettability will be the final topic in the thesis. Silane chemistry, selective etching, and microcontact printing will be used to prepare designs on chemically patterned wafers with topography. The samples will have two different areas; one on which a liquid drop will move easily and another that will restrict its motion. Dynamic contact angle measurements will then be performed on the surfaces to determine the effect on drop mobility. The objective is to show that both contact angle and contact angle hysteresis are important in regards to drop mobility. The growth of condensed water droplets on these surfaces will be viewed and recorded.
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"A PVDF-based sensing system for automated micro-manipulation." 2002. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5891131.
Full textAbstract:
Fung, Kar Man.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-114).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
摘要 --- p.i
ABSTRACT --- p.ii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vi
Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Background and Motivation --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Objective of the project --- p.4
Chapter 1.3 --- Organization of the thesis --- p.5
Chapter 2. --- Literature Review --- p.7
Chapter 2.1 --- Control on Micro-Manipulation --- p.7
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Visual Feedback Control --- p.8
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Sensor-Based Feedback Control --- p.9
Chapter 2.1.3 --- Bilateral Control --- p.9
Chapter 2.2 --- Force Sensing System on Micro-Manipulation --- p.10
Chapter 2.3 --- PVDF Sensor --- p.11
Chapter 2.4 --- Summary of the Literature Review --- p.12
Chapter 3. --- Micro-Manipulation --- p.14
Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction of Micro-Manipulation --- p.14
Chapter 3.2 --- Probe Station --- p.14
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Micromanipulators --- p.15
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Microscopes --- p.15
Chapter 4. --- Piezoelectric Polyvinylidence Fluoride (PVDF) Sensor --- p.16
Chapter 4.1 --- Charteristic of PVDF Sensor --- p.16
Chapter 4.1.1 --- Piezoelectric Properties --- p.16
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Dimensions of the PVDF Sensor --- p.18
Chapter 4.2 --- Comparison of Piezoelectric Materials --- p.19
Chapter 5. --- Theoretical Analysis of PVDF Sensor --- p.21
Chapter 5.1 --- Sensitivity of PVDF Sensor --- p.21
Chapter 5.2 --- Relationship between the Deflection and the Force of the PVDF --- p.22
Chapter 5.3 --- Calculation of the Spring Constant K of the PVDF --- p.23
Chapter 5.4 --- Simulation on the output from the PVDF Sensor --- p.23
Chapter 6. --- Experimental Analysis of PVDF Sensor --- p.26
Chapter 6.1 --- Force-Deflection Diagram --- p.26
Chapter 6.2 --- Frequency Response of the PVDF Sensor --- p.27
Chapter 7. --- 1-D PVDF-Based Sensing System --- p.30
Chapter 7.1 --- Original Design of the Sensing System --- p.30
Chapter 7.1.1 --- Plastic pipe and adapter --- p.31
Chapter 7.1.2 --- PVDF Sensor --- p.32
Chapter 7.1.3 --- Probe-tip holder --- p.32
Chapter 7.2 --- Current Design of the Sensing System --- p.32
Chapter 7.3 --- Analysis of the Sensing System --- p.34
Chapter 7.3.1 --- Frequency Response of the Sensing System --- p.34
Chapter 7.3.2 --- Sensitivity of the Sensing System --- p.41
Chapter 8. --- Experiments on 1-D PVDF Sensing System --- p.49
Chapter 8.1 --- Experimental Setup of the 1-D Sensing System --- p.49
Chapter 8.1.1 --- Programmable Micromanipulator --- p.50
Chapter 8.1.2 --- Charge Amplifier --- p.51
Chapter 8.2 --- Calibration of the 1-D Sensing System --- p.53
Chapter 8.2.1 --- Noise Signal from the system --- p.53
Chapter 8.2.2 --- Signal from vibration --- p.55
Chapter 8.3 --- Experimental Results on touching a substrate --- p.60
Chapter 8.3.1 --- Description --- p.60
Chapter 8.3.2 --- Results from touching a substrate --- p.62
Chapter 8.3.3 --- Analysis of the deflection after touched a substrate --- p.67
Chapter 8.4 --- Experimental Results on touching a micro mirror --- p.68
Chapter 8.4.1 --- Description --- p.68
Chapter 8.4.2 --- Results --- p.70
Chapter 8.5 --- Experimental Results on lifting a mass platform --- p.74
Chapter 8.5.1 --- Description --- p.74
Chapter 8.5.2 --- Results --- p.76
Chapter 9. --- Modification of 1-D Sensing System --- p.79
Chapter 9.1 --- Design of the system --- p.79
Chapter 9.2 --- Experimental Setup of the system --- p.80
Chapter 9.3 --- Experimental Results on lifting a mass platform --- p.81
Chapter 10. --- 2-D PVDF-Based Sensing System --- p.90
Chapter 10.1 --- Design of the Sensing System --- p.90
Chapter 10.2 --- Experimental Setup --- p.91
Chapter 10.3 --- Calibration of the 2-D Sensing System --- p.92
Chapter 10.3.1 --- Noise Signal from the system --- p.92
Chapter 10.4 --- Experiments Results on touching a substrate --- p.94
Chapter 11. --- Experimental Analysis --- p.97
Chapter 11.1 --- Data Acquisition --- p.97
Chapter 11.2 --- Spectrum Analysis of the Experimental Data --- p.101
Chapter 12. --- Conclusion --- p.103
Chapter 13. --- Future Work --- p.105
Chapter 13.1 --- Control of the Sensing System --- p.105
Chapter 13.2 --- Tele-operation System on force feedback sensing system --- p.107
Chapter A. --- Appendix --- p.109
Chapter A. 1 --- Procedures in using probe station --- p.109
Bibliography --- p.110
40
U-Kaew, Ananchai. "Turbulence manipulation in pipe flow by means of swirl, polymer additives and suspensions of nanoparticles in water." 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3285740.
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Angstadt, David Charles. "An investigation of active melt manipulation during polymer processing and its effects on part mechanical properties /." Diss., 2004. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3147312.
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Ecker, Christof [Verfasser]. "Conformations of single polymer chains on surfaces : non-equilibrium, equilibrium and manipulation / von Christof Ecker." 2004. http://d-nb.info/976610140/34.
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Chen, Jun-Lin, and 陳俊霖. "A polarizer-free reflective display based on droplet manipulation on a liquid crystal and polymer composite film." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15991468731775552952.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
顯示科技研究所
98
A novel reflective polarizer-free display realized by controlling the wettability of a liquid crystal and polymer composite film (LCPCF).The wettability of the LCPCF changes because of the electrically tunable orientation of the liquid crystal directors anchored among the polymer grains. We can manipulate a movable color droplet on the LCPCF by a wettability gradient owning to the distribution of electric field. To realize a reflective polarizer-free display, we put a hole -patterned black matrix above the LCPCF. The color of the light passing through the hole changes as the color droplet moves. In this paper, we analyze the mechanism of the droplet movement on the LCPCF by form the surface morphology and the surface tension properties. We also discuss the effects of the applied pulse voltage and the thickness of the LCPCF on the performance of the display. The characteristics of this display are color-filter-free, polarizer-free, wide viewing angle, bistable and reflective operation, thus it is suitable for the application of e-paper. Other potential applications of the LCPCF are liquid lenses, bio-sensors, and microfluidic devices.
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Liou, Sz-Chian, and 劉思謙. "Structural characterization and manipulation of phase development for calcium phosphate ceramics and polymer nanocomposites prepared by chemical-precipitated synthesis." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78683794070884129105.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立交通大學
材料科學與工程系
91
Part 1 Structural characterization and phase transformation of Chemically-precipitated Apatite The Ca-deficient apatite (CDHA) was prepared from the precursors of (CH3COO)2CaxH2O 、Ca(NO3)24H2O and H3PO4 、 (NH4)H2PO4 to investigate the transformation mechanism of -tricalcium phosphate (-TCP). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the development of -TCP is not via direct reaction between Ca and P for all the different combinations between Ca and P precursors. The activation energy of -TCP formation with (NH4)H2PO4 as precursor was higher than that with H3PO4. Following the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation, the reaction kinetics of -TCP phase formation is found one-dimension growth with interface-controlled and diffusion controlled growth depending on the annealing temperature. There exists a transition between 750oC and 825oC, and the transition rate from interface-controlled to diffusion-controlled growth is precursor-dependent. Nano-sized calcium-deficient apatitic (CDHA) crystals with Ca/P ratio from 1.5 to 1.67 were synthesized using wet chemical method and needle-like shape with 5-10 nm in diameter and 40-50 nm in length was observed. The structural environment of the Ca atoms in all the CDHA nano-crystals has been investigated using EXAFS, XANES and EELS. The results reveal that a maximum Fourier transform amplitude occurs at the apatite with Ca/P ratio of 1.67 and the structural disorder increase following the sequence of 1.67> 1.5> 1.6> 1.55. Similar phenomenon is also observed in both of K-edge XANES and L2,3-edge ELNES in Ca atom. The structural analysis further demonstrates that different chemical and biological properties among these CDHA nano-crystals with Ca/P ratio from 1.5 to 1.67 is primarily due to the effect of stoichiometry and non-stoichiometry as compared to the structural order-disorder. In addition, nano-sized -tricalcium phosphate (-TCP) with 50nm in diameter at room temperature was synthesized and studied under different alcohol solvents. The phase evolution from CaHPO4, intermediate amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) phases (including ACP1 and ACP2 with different structures) to final -TCP with increasing aging time was observed. The formation of -TCP phase is favored due to the incorporation of carbonate which can suppress the transformation of ACP1 phase. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) confirms that parts of -TCP contain an incompletely transferred structure of straight and wavy fringes and the observations of abnormal diffraction intensity and superlattice diffraction in selected-area diffraction patterns (SADP) further confirm the chemical order-disorder characteristics in -TCP structure and can be used to elucidate the resorbility of -TCP in either in-vivo or in-vitro environment due to the imperfection in -TCP crystal. Part 2 Calcium phosphate / Polyacrylic-acid nanocomposites Calcium phosphate ceramics (CPCs) were prepared via an in-situ formation in the presence of low molecular weight (Mw-2000) polyacrylic acid (PAA) polymer under water-methanol (WM) mixture at ambient temperature. The PAA polymer was employed as both structure-directing agent and crystallization retardant to manipulate the development of resulting CPCs nano-crystallites which are observed to show a core-shell configuration with a thin layer of polyacrylic acid (PAA) molecules. A resulting phase evolution map with respect to the developing phases of calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA), -tricalcium phosphate (-TCP), and an intermediate amorphous phase (termed as amorphous calcium phoshate, ACP) that were structurally and spectroscopically identified, was constructed in terms of fractions of water-to-methanol proportions and concentration of PAA. It is found that the intermediate ACP phase was not able to develop, instead, pure CDHA and -TCP was developed, irrespective of the concentration of PAA, for the solutions in both water-rich and methanol-rich regions, respectively. For conditions in between, i.e., with methanol fractions of 15%-90%, ACP appeared only when the PAA fell in a limited concentration range. The mechanism for phase development is tentatively proposed. Calcium-deficient apatitic (CDHA) crystals with core-shell nanostructure of needle-like shape of 5-10 nm in diameter and 20-80 nm in length were prepared via an in-situ formation in the presence of high molecular weight (Mw-450000) of polyacrylic acid (PAA) under aqueous solution of different pH values ranging from 9 to 11. Nanostructure of the resulting crystals was investigated, showing a core-shell configuration with a thin layer of PAA shell of about 1 nm thick. Aspect ratio (AR) of the needlelike composite was found to depend on the concentration of the PAA and solution pH. At lower solution pH, crystal growth was inhibited, i.e., leading to a decreased AR, with increase of PAA concentration, whilst an increased AR was detected at higher solution pH, suggesting a preferential growth of the CDHA nano-crystals. Mechanism of such preferential growth was tentatively proposed and is suggested to correct with PAA adsorption along the long axis of the needlelike nanoparticles. Colloidal apatitic nanosphere with size of 2-5 nm in diameter was synthesized in the presence of low-molecular-weight poly(acrylic acid), PAA. The PAA, which has long been recognized as inhibitor for phase formation of hydroxyapatite, is acting as a structure-directing agent in this study. Experimental observation suggests the existing of critical amount of the PAA, above which, morphological evolution, from nanoneedle to nanosphere, was observed. Further incorporation of high-molecule-weight PAA formed hybrid composites where highly optically transparent nanocomosites can be synthesized, even with a nano-apatite load up to 35 wt%. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation indicated that the apatitic nanospheres were uniformly distributed within the matrix with a well compatiblized interface with the matrix.
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"Micro parylene actuators for aqueous cellular manipulation." 2003. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5891627.
Full textAbstract:
Chan, Ho Yin.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-94).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
ABSTRACT --- p.i
摘要 --- p.iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iv
PUBLISHED PAPERS --- p.vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.vii
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.ix
LIST OF TABLES --- p.xi
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Traditional methods of cell manipulation --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- New methods of cell manipulation using MEMS technology --- p.2
Chapter 1.2.1 --- Electrostatic actuation --- p.2
Chapter 1 2.2 --- Shape memory effect --- p.4
Chapter 1.2.3 --- Pneumatic --- p.5
Chapter 1.2.4 --- Electromagnetic --- p.5
Chapter 1.2.5 --- Thermal --- p.6
Chapter 1.3 --- Objective of this project --- p.1
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature review --- p.11
Chapter Chapter 3 --- "Design, modeling and heat transfer analysis" --- p.14
Chapter 3.1 --- Design and the temperature-radius relationship of thermal actuators --- p.14
Chapter 3.2 --- Heat transfer analysis --- p.17
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Heat dissipation from the actuator --- p.18
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Thermal transient response in liquid environment --- p.23
Chapter 3.3 --- "Temperature, radius of curvature and tip deflection and actuation voltage relationship" --- p.24
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Fabrication process of the thermal actuators --- p.28
Chapter 4.1 --- Basic processes involved in fabricating the thermal actuators --- p.28
Chapter 4.1.1 --- Photolithography --- p.28
Chapter 4.1.1.1 --- Spin on and pattern photoresist --- p.29
Chapter 4.1.1.2 --- Methods for alignment --- p.31
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Lift off and etching processes --- p.33
Chapter 4.1.3 --- Sacrificial release process --- p.35
Chapter 4.1.4 --- Deposition --- p.38
Chapter 4.1.4.1 --- Sputtering --- p.39
Chapter 4.1.4.2 --- Thermal evaporation --- p.39
Chapter 4.1.4.3 --- Thermal oxidation --- p.40
Chapter 4.1.4.4 --- Parylene deposition --- p.41
Chapter 4.2 --- Fabrication process of thermal actuators/grippers --- p.45
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Fabrication of thermal actuators --- p.45
Chapter 4.2.1.1 --- Mask design and making --- p.45
Chapter 4.2.1.2 --- Process flow --- p.49
Chapter 4.2.1.3 --- Fabricated samples --- p.53
Chapter 4.2.1.4 --- Problems encountered during fabrication process --- p.54
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Fabrication of multi-finger gripper --- p.55
Chapter 4.2.2.1 --- Mask design --- p.55
Chapter 4.2.2.2 --- Process flow --- p.57
Chapter 4.2.2.3 --- Fabricated samples --- p.57
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Testing thermal actuators --- p.58
Chapter 5.1 --- Actuation by applying voltage (underwater) --- p.58
Chapter 5.1.1 --- Experimental setup --- p.58
Chapter 5.1.2 --- Experimental results --- p.59
Chapter 5.1.3 --- Discussion --- p.63
Chapter 5.2 --- Actuation by water bath heating --- p.66
Chapter 5.2.1 --- Experimental setup --- p.66
Chapter 5.2.2 --- Experimental results --- p.66
Chapter 5.2.3 --- Discussion --- p.68
Chapter 5.3 --- Frequency response and force analysis --- p.69
Chapter 5.3.1 --- Frequency response --- p.69
Chapter 5.3.2 --- Force analysis --- p.70
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Cell grasping system --- p.73
Chapter 6.1 --- Demonstration of cell grasping using single arm gripper --- p.73
Chapter 6.2 --- MEMS chip with multi-finger grippers --- p.75
Chapter 6.2.1 --- Mask design for MEMS chip --- p.76
Chapter 6.2.2 --- Actuation of thermal gripper in air --- p.78
Chapter 6.2.3 --- Demonstration of actuation and cell grasping --- p.79
Chapter 6.2.4 --- A flexible cell grasping motion --- p.80
Chapter 6.3 --- Proposed cell grasping system --- p.82
Chapter Chapter 7 --- Summary and future work --- p.83
Chapter 7.1 --- Summary --- p.83
Chapter 7.2 --- Future work --- p.84
APPENDIX --- p.87
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.92
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Gupta, Suresh. "Manipulating polymers and composites from the nanoscopic to microscopic length scales." 2008. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3325120.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis focuses on the manipulation of polymers and composites on length scales ranging from the nanoscopic to microscopic. In particular, on the microscopic length scale electric fields were used to produce instabilities at the air surface and at polymer interfaces that lead to novel three dimensional structures and patterns. On the nanoscopic length scale, the interaction of ligands attached to nanoparticles and polymer matrix were used to induce self-assembly processes that, in turn, lead to systems that self-heal, self-corral, or are patterned. For manipulation at the micron length scale, electrohydrodynamic instabilities were used in trilayer system composed of a layer of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), a second layer of polystyrene (PS) and a third layer of air. Dewetting of the polymer at the substrate at the polymer/polymer interface under an applied electric field was used to generate novel three dimensional structures. Also, electrohydrodynamic instabilities were used to pattern thin polymer films in conjunction with ultrasonic vibrations and patterned upper electrodes. Self-assembly processes involving polymers and nanoparticles offer a unique means of generating pattern materials or materials that self heal. Simple polymer/nanoparticle composites were investigated. Here, in the absence of interactions between the poly(ethylene oxide) ligands attached to the nanoparticles and PMMA polymer matrix, the opportunity to generate self-healing systems was opened. The size of the nanoparticle was varied and the effect on diffusion of nanoparticle in the polymer matrix was studied. CdSe nanorods were also assembled on a substrate templated with or guided by microphase separated diblock copolymers. The nanorods were incorporated in the diblock copolymer thin films by spin coating the co-solution of nanorods and polymer, surface adsorption of nanorods on to the patterned diblock copolymer films and surface reconstruction of PS/PMMA diblock copolymer thin film. Further, the interactions between the PMMA polymer matrix and the tri n-octyl phosphine oxide ligands attached to an anisotropic nanoparticle, i.e. nanorods, were used to influence the dispersion of the nanorods in the polymer. This led to a novel assembly, termed self-corralling where under an applied electric field highly oriented, highly ordered arrays of nanorods form. Further, self corralling of nanorods was directed by chemically patterned substrates.
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Wang, Wei, and 王瑋. "Bulk-heterojunction polymers in optically-induced dielectrophoretic devices for the manipulation of microparticles." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59439344422835249302.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
工程科學系碩博士班
97
This paper presents a new material for fabricating optically-induced dielectrophoretic (ODEP) devices, which can manipulate microparticles or cells by using moving light patterns. A thin film of a bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) polymer, a mixture of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester, is used as a light-activated layer. When illuminated by a projected light beam, the photo-induced charge carriers created by the electron transfer of excitons at a donor/acceptor interface in the BHJ layer, disturbs the uniformly-distributed electric field applied on the ODEP devices. A negative DEP force is then generated by virtual electrodes defined by the optical images from a computer-programmable projector to manipulate microparticles, thus providing a flexible platform for particle manipulation. The effect of the polymer thickness and composition on the magnitude of the generated DEP force has been extensively investigated. The maximum particle velocity and the drag force applied on 20 �慆 diameter polystyrene beads are measured to be around 202 �慆/s and 38.2 pN, respectively, for a device with a 497-nm thick BHJ layer. The lifetime of the developed device is also explored. This BHJ polymer may provide a promising candidate for future ODEP devices capable of nanoparticle and cell manipulation. The amorphous silicon substrate was constrained by its complex manufacture procedure. On the contrary, the polymer thin film chip can be spin-coated at a relatively low temperature for mass production of the ODEP chips. It is also feasible to fabricate the ODEP device on large-area and flexible polymer substrates through a continuous roll-to-roll coating process. Furthermore, the low-cost advantage enables the chips to be disposable in biological applications.
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Gu, Weiyin. "Manipulating block copolymer self-assemblies in bulk and thin films by thermal and solvent annealing." 2013. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3603092.
Full textAbstract:
The self–assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) into well–ordered nanoscopic arrays holds promise for new technological breakthroughs as templates and scaffolds for the fabrication of nanostructured materials. It is essential to establish convenient approaches to control the morphology of BCPs, since some applications require addressability, the BCP microdomains must be perfectly aligned and oriented. The theme of this thesis is the use of external forces, specifically thermal and solvent annealing, to guide the self–assembly of BCPs to obtain microphase separated morphologies for different applications. Three representative BCP systems, having lamellar, cylindrical and spherical microdomains are discussed. First, the self–assembly of lamella–forming brush block copolymers (BrBCPs) having polylactide (PLA) and polystyrene (PS) side chains were studied in the bulk and in thin films. The domain size increased approximately linearly with the molecular weight of the backbone, which indicated that the backbone was in an extended conformation that was confirmed theoretically. In situ small angle x–ray scattering (SAXS) measurements indicated that the self–assembly of the BrBCPs was quite rapid, due to the rigid nature of the backbone chain, Second, the directed self–assembly of cylinder–forming polystyrene–block–poly(ethylene oxide)s (PS–b–PEOs) in thin films were investigated. The polymer–surface interactions were tuned by hydroxyl end–functionalized polymers, so that the orientation of the PS–b–PEO microdomains was controlled during thermal annealing. Cylindrical PEO microdomains embedded in a PS matrix orientated normal to the silicon substrates were observed over a wide processing window when the substrates were modified by PS– b–PEO BCPs. PS–b–PEOs with an o–nitrobenzyl ester junction point (PS–hν –PEOs) were used to fabricate nanoscopic dot and line patterns having long–range lateral order. The cylindrical BCP microdomains were oriented perpendicular or parallel to the silicon substrates by varying the solvent annealing conditions. The third BCP system examined in this study was a sphere–forming polystyrene–block–polydimethylsiloxane (PS–b–PDMS). Solvent annealing in N–methyl–2–pyrrolidone was used to direct the self–assembly of the spherical microdomains into high areal density arrays on flat Si substrates, PS modified substrates and lithographically patterned substrates, respectively.
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Shu-JuLin and 林素如. "Manipulation of Micro-Particles by Flexible Optically-Induced Dielectrophoretic Devices Fabricated by Bulk-Heterojunction Polymers." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23001846718607256449.
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Krishnacharya. "Manipulation of Wetting Morphologies in Topographically Structured Substrates." Doctoral thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B467-F.
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