Relevant bibliographies by topics / Polyketides

Academic literature on the topic 'Polyketides'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Polyketides"

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Witzig, Reto M., and Christof Sparr. "Synthesis of Enantioenriched Tetra-ortho-3,3′-substituted Biaryls by Small-Molecule-Catalyzed Noncanonical Polyketide Cyclizations." Synlett 31, no. 01 (October 22, 2019): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1690215.

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The arene-forming aldol condensation is a fundamental reaction in the biosynthesis of aromatic polyketides. Precisely controlled by the polyketide synthases, the highly reactive poly-β-carbonyl substrates are diverged into numerous aromatic natural products by selective cyclization reactions; a fascinating biosynthetic strategy that sparked our interest to investigate atroposelective aldol condensations. In this Account, we contextualize and highlight the ability of small-molecule catalysts to selectively convert noncanonical hexacarbonyl substrates in a double arene-forming aldol condensation resulting in the atroposelective synthesis of tetra-ortho-3,3′-substituted biaryls. The hexacarbonyl substrates were obtained by a fourfold ozonolysis enabling a late-stage introduction of all carbonyl functions in one step. Secondary amine catalysts capable of forming an extended hydrogen-bonding network triggered the noncanonical polyketide cyclization in order to form valuable biaryls in high yields and with stereocontrol of up to 98:2 er.1 Biosynthesis of Aromatic Polyketides2 Rotationally Restricted Aromatic Polyketides3 3,3′-Substituted Binaphthalenes in Catalysis4 Stereoselective Synthesis of Atropisomers5 Synthesis of Enantioenriched Tetra-ortho-3,3′-Substituted Biaryls by the Atroposelective Arene-Forming Aldol Condensation6 Conclusion
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Wang, Li, Hui Lu, and Yuanying Jiang. "Natural Polyketides Act as Promising Antifungal Agents." Biomolecules 13, no. 11 (October 24, 2023): 1572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13111572.

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Invasive fungal infections present a significant risk to human health. The current arsenal of antifungal drugs is hindered by drug resistance, limited antifungal range, inadequate safety profiles, and low oral bioavailability. Consequently, there is an urgent imperative to develop novel antifungal medications for clinical application. This comprehensive review provides a summary of the antifungal properties and mechanisms exhibited by natural polyketides, encompassing macrolide polyethers, polyether polyketides, xanthone polyketides, linear polyketides, hybrid polyketide non-ribosomal peptides, and pyridine derivatives. Investigating natural polyketide compounds and their derivatives has demonstrated their remarkable efficacy and promising clinical application as antifungal agents.
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Risdian, Chandra, Tjandrawati Mozef, and Joachim Wink. "Biosynthesis of Polyketides in Streptomyces." Microorganisms 7, no. 5 (May 6, 2019): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7050124.

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Polyketides are a large group of secondary metabolites that have notable variety in their structure and function. Polyketides exhibit a wide range of bioactivities such as antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antiviral, immune-suppressing, anti-cholesterol, and anti-inflammatory activity. Naturally, they are found in bacteria, fungi, plants, protists, insects, mollusks, and sponges. Streptomyces is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria that has a filamentous form like fungi. This genus is best known as one of the polyketides producers. Some examples of polyketides produced by Streptomyces are rapamycin, oleandomycin, actinorhodin, daunorubicin, and caprazamycin. Biosynthesis of polyketides involves a group of enzyme activities called polyketide synthases (PKSs). There are three types of PKSs (type I, type II, and type III) in Streptomyces responsible for producing polyketides. This paper focuses on the biosynthesis of polyketides in Streptomyces with three structurally-different types of PKSs.
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Yang, Dongsoo, Hyunmin Eun, and Cindy Pricilia Surya Prabowo. "Metabolic Engineering and Synthetic Biology Approaches for the Heterologous Production of Aromatic Polyketides." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 10 (May 18, 2023): 8923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108923.

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Polyketides are a diverse set of natural products with versatile applications as pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics, to name a few. Of several types of polyketides, aromatic polyketides comprising type II and III polyketides contain many chemicals important for human health such as antibiotics and anticancer agents. Most aromatic polyketides are produced from soil bacteria or plants, which are difficult to engineer and grow slowly in industrial settings. To this end, metabolic engineering and synthetic biology have been employed to efficiently engineer heterologous model microorganisms for enhanced production of important aromatic polyketides. In this review, we discuss the recent advancement in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies for the production of type II and type III polyketides in model microorganisms. Future challenges and prospects of aromatic polyketide biosynthesis by synthetic biology and enzyme engineering approaches are also discussed.
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Klopries, Stephan, Uschi Sundermann, and Frank Schulz. "Quantification ofN-acetylcysteamine activated methylmalonate incorporation into polyketide biosynthesis." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 9 (April 5, 2013): 664–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.9.75.

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Polyketides are biosynthesized through consecutive decarboxylative Claisen condensations between a carboxylic acid and differently substituted malonic acid thioesters, both tethered to the giant polyketide synthase enzymes. Individual malonic acid derivatives are typically required to be activated as coenzyme A-thioesters prior to their enzyme-catalyzed transfer onto the polyketide synthase. Control over the selection of malonic acid building blocks promises great potential for the experimental alteration of polyketide structure and bioactivity. One requirement for this endeavor is the supplementation of the bacterial polyketide fermentation system with tailored synthetic thioester-activated malonates. The membrane permeableN-acetylcysteamine has been proposed as a coenzyme A-mimic for this purpose. Here, the incorporation efficiency into different polyketides ofN-acetylcysteamine activated methylmalonate is studied and quantified, showing a surprisingly high and transferable activity of these polyketide synthase substrate analogues in vivo.
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Rodríguez-Berríos, Raúl R., Agnes M. Ríos-Delgado, Amanda P. Perdomo-Lizardo, Andrés E. Cardona-Rivera, Ángel G. Vidal-Rosado, Guillermo A. Narváez-Lozano, Iván A. Nieves-Quiñones, et al. "Extraction, Isolation, Characterization, and Bioactivity of Polypropionates and Related Polyketide Metabolites from the Caribbean Region." Antibiotics 12, no. 7 (June 22, 2023): 1087. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12071087.

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The Caribbean region is a hotspot of biodiversity (i.e., algae, sponges, corals, mollusks, microorganisms, cyanobacteria, and dinoflagellates) that produces secondary metabolites such as polyketides and polypropionates. Polyketides are a diverse class of natural products synthesized by organisms through a biosynthetic pathway catalyzed by polyketide synthase (PKS). This group of compounds is subdivided into fatty acids, aromatics, and polypropionates such as macrolides, and linear and cyclic polyethers. Researchers have studied the Caribbean region to find natural products and focused on isolation, purification, structural characterization, synthesis, and conducting biological assays against parasites, cancer, fungi, and bacteria. These studies have been summarized in this review, including research from 1981 to 2020. This review includes about 90 compounds isolated in the Caribbean that meet the structural properties of polyketides. Out of 90 compounds presented, 73 have the absolute stereochemical configuration, and 82 have shown biological activity. We expect to motivate the researchers to continue exploring the Caribbean region’s marine environments to discover and investigate new polyketide and polypropionate natural products.
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Sayari, Mohammad, Aria Dolatabadian, Mohamed El-Shetehy, Pawanpuneet Kaur Rehal, and Fouad Daayf. "Genome-Based Analysis of Verticillium Polyketide Synthase Gene Clusters." Biology 11, no. 9 (August 23, 2022): 1252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11091252.

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Polyketides are structurally diverse and physiologically active secondary metabolites produced by many organisms, including fungi. The biosynthesis of polyketides from acyl-CoA thioesters is catalyzed by polyketide synthases, PKSs. Polyketides play roles including in cell protection against oxidative stress, non-constitutive (toxic) roles in cell membranes, and promoting the survival of the host organisms. The genus Verticillium comprises many species that affect a wide range of organisms including plants, insects, and other fungi. Many are known as causal agents of Verticillium wilt diseases in plants. In this study, a comparative genomics approach involving several Verticillium species led us to evaluate the potential of Verticillium species for producing polyketides and to identify putative polyketide biosynthesis gene clusters. The next step was to characterize them and predict the types of polyketide compounds they might produce. We used publicly available sequences from ten species of Verticillium including V. dahliae, V. longisporum, V. nonalfalfae, V. alfalfae, V. nubilum, V. zaregamsianum, V. klebahnii, V. tricorpus, V. isaacii, and V. albo-atrum to identify and characterize PKS gene clusters by utilizing a range of bioinformatic and phylogenetic approaches. We found 32 putative PKS genes and possible clusters in the genomes of Verticillium species. All the clusters appear to be complete and functional. In addition, at least five clusters including putative DHN-melanin-, cytochalasin-, fusarielien-, fujikurin-, and lijiquinone-like compounds may belong to the active PKS repertoire of Verticillium. These results will pave the way for further functional studies to understand the role of these clusters.
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Komaki, Hisayuki, and Tomohiko Tamura. "Profile of PKS and NRPS Gene Clusters in the Genome of Streptomyces cellostaticus NBRC 12849T." Fermentation 9, no. 11 (October 24, 2023): 924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9110924.

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Polyketides and nonribosomal peptides are major secondary metabolites in members of the genus Streptomyces. Streptomyces cellostaticus is a validly recognized species and the type strain produces cellostatin. However, little is known about whether it has the potential to produce diverse polyketides and nonribosomal peptides. Here, we sequenced the whole genome of S. cellostaticus NBRC 12849T and surveyed polyketide synthase (PKS) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene clusters in the genome. The genome encoded 12 PKS, one NRPS and eight hybrid PKS/NRPS gene clusters. Among the 21 gene clusters, products of 10 gene clusters were annotated to be an annimycin congener, fuelimycins, lankamycin, streptovaricin, spore pigment, flaviolin, foxicin, blasticidin, lankacidin and an incarnatapeptine congener via our bioinformatic analysis. Although the other clusters were orphan and their products were unknown, five of them were predicted to be compounds derived from two independent diketides, a tridecaketide, a triketide and a tetraketide with a cysteine residue, respectively. These results suggest that S. cellostaticus is a source of diverse polyketides and hybrid polyketide/nonribosomal peptides, including unknown and new secondary metabolites.
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Pfeifer, Blaine A., and Chaitan Khosla. "Biosynthesis of Polyketides in Heterologous Hosts." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 65, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.65.1.106-118.2001.

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SUMMARY Polyketide natural products show great promise as medicinal agents. Typically the products of microbial secondary biosynthesis, polyketides are synthesized by an evolutionarily related but architecturally diverse family of multifunctional enzymes called polyketide synthases. A principal limitation for fundamental biochemical studies of these modular megasynthases, as well as for their applications in biotechnology, is the challenge associated with manipulating the natural microorganism that produces a polyketide of interest. To ameliorate this limitation, over the past decade several genetically amenable microbes have been developed as heterologous hosts for polyketide biosynthesis. Here we review the state of the art as well as the difficulties associated with heterologous polyketide production. In particular, we focus on two model hosts, Streptomyces coelicolor and Escherichia coli. Future directions for this relatively new but growing technological opportunity are also discussed.
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Zhang, Wenjun, and Joyce Liu. "Recent Advances in Understanding and Engineering Polyketide Synthesis." F1000Research 5 (February 23, 2016): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.7326.1.

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Polyketides are a diverse group of natural products that form the basis of many important drugs. The engineering of the polyketide synthase (PKS) enzymes responsible for the formation of these compounds has long been considered to have great potential for producing new bioactive molecules. Recent advances in this field have contributed to the understanding of this powerful and complex enzymatic machinery, particularly with regard to domain activity and engineering, unique building block formation and incorporation, and programming rules and limitations. New developments in tools for in vitro biochemical analysis, full-length megasynthase structural studies, and in vivo heterologous expression will continue to improve our fundamental understanding of polyketide synthesis as well as our ability to engineer the production of polyketides.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Polyketides"

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Wang, Siyuan. "Engineering of polyketide biosynthetic pathways for bioactive molecules." DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4684.

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Polyketides are a large group of structurally diverse natural products that have shown a variety of biological activities. These molecules are synthesized by polyketide synthases (PKSs). PKSs are classified into three types based on their sequence, primary structure, and catalytic mechanism. Because of the bioactivities of polyketide natural products, this study is focused on the engineering of PKS pathways for efficient production of useful bioactive molecules or structural modification to create new molecules for drug development. One goal of this research is to create an efficient method to produce pharmaceutically important molecules. Seven biosynthetic genes from plants and bacteria were used to establish a variety of complete biosynthetic pathways in Escherichia coli to make valuable plant natural products, including four phenylpropanoid acids, three bioactive natural stilbenoids, and three natural curcuminoids. A curcumin analog dicafferolmethane was synthesized by removing a methyltransferase from the curcumin biosynthetic pathway. Furthermore, introduction of a fungal flavin-dependent halogenase into the resveratrol biosynthetic pathway yielded a novel chlorinated molecule 2-chloro-resveratrol. This demonstrated that biosynthetic enzymes from different sources can be recombined like legos to make various plant natural products, which is more efficient (2-3 days) than traditional extraction from plants (months to years). Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is a key enzyme involved in the first biosynthetic step of some plant phenylpropanoids. Based on the biosynthetic pathway of curcuminoids, a novel and efficient visible reporter assay was established for screening of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) efficiency in Escherichia coli. The other goal of this research is to characterize and engineer natural product biosynthetic pathways for new bioactive molecules. The biosynthetic gene cluster of the antibacterial compound dutomycin was discovered from Streptomyces minoensis NRRL B-5482 through genome sequencing. Confirmation of the involvement of this gene cluster in dutomycin biosynthesis and creation of a series of new molecules were successfully conducted by rationally modifying the biosynthetic pathway. More importantly, a new demethylated analog of dutomycin was found to have much higher antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
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Hager, Dominik. "From nucleosides to alkaloids and polyketides." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-153975.

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This dissertation describes the synthetic work on several natural products including nucleosides, alkaloids, and polyketides. The first and main part of this thesis focuses on the total synthesis of the nucleoside antibiotics herbicidin C and its hydrolysis product aureonuclemycin. Due to their diverse biological activity, the herbicidins are considered as promising herbicides for agricultural application. In cooperation with Bayer CropScience AG, a flexible and efficient access to the herbicidins was developed and the challenges and successes of this synthesis are described in detail. More specifically, the route to the undecose moiety integrates a stereoselective C-glycosylation with several reagent-controlled stereoselective transformations. The nucleobase was introduced by a surprisingly facile and highly diastereoselective late-stage N-glycosylation. In addition to that, natural herbicidin A was transformed into promising derivatives and all compounds, including the intermediates of the total synthesis, were provided to Bayer CropScience AG for a structure activity relationship study (SAR). A list of all provided derivatives is given at the end of the thesis. The progress toward the synthesis of stephadiamine is described in the second chapter of this thesis. The natural product is the first example of a C-norhasubanan alkaloid natural product and despite its structural beauty, no total synthesis of stephadiamine has been reported to date. The proposed racemic retrosynthetic analysis of stephadiamine makes use of a Curtius rearrangement and a late lactonization. The propellane skeleton of this alkaloid was envisioned to be made by means of a homoconjugated addition/Mannich cascade of the key enamine in an extremely efficient manner. An alternative strategy is proposed for future work, which includes a Tsuji-Trost allylation arising the potential for an enantioselective synthesis of stephadiamine. In chapter III, the progress toward the divergolides C and D is presented. Attention was focused on the large scale preparation of the volatile side chain, and its unusual isolation method is pointed out in detail. In addition, the assembly of the three main building blocks is discussed. The preparation of Legionella autoinducer 1 (LAI-1) is described in chapter IV. The bacterial signaling molecule LAI-1 belongs to the class of alpha-hydroxyketones (AHKs). Given the effects of LAI-1 on virulence and motility of the bacteria L. pneumophila, this signaling molecule has the potential for clinical or technical applications. For a deeper understanding of the signaling circuit in L. pneumophila and in order to gain more insight in the mechanism of cell-cell communication, synthetic LAI-1 was prepared and provided to the research group of H. Hilbi, who investigates the gene regulation by AHK-mediated signaling. Chapter V includes the experimental procedures for the preparation of all compounds, backed up by full analytical characterization. In addition, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra as well as crystallographic details are given.
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Zhang, Wenjun. "Engineered biosynthesis of bacterial aromatic polyketides." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1905657321&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Macpherson, Gordon R. "Biosynthesis of polyketides produced by marine microbes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ66668.pdf.

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Iqbal, Zafar. "Biosynthetic studies of strobilurin & mupirocin polyketides." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535223.

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Loughran, Mark Stephen. "The biosynthesis of erythromycin." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307943.

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Tam, Wan-ting, and 譚韻婷. "Characterization of polyketide synthases in penicillium marneffei." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197137.

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Penicillium marneffei is a thermal dimorphic fungus that causes systemic mycosis in HIV-positive patients. The fungus displays unique phenotypic properties, including the yellow and black pigments on its conidia as well as the secretion of a diffusible red pigment during growth in mycelial phase. However, all these pigments have not been characterized. Investigation into the pigment production of the fungus can provide insights into the functions of the respective pigment to the fungus as well as their roles in fungal pathogenesis. This study reports the identification and characterization of 23 polyketide synthase (PKS) and 2 polyketide synthase non-ribosomal peptide synthase hybrid (PKS-NRPS) genes in the genome of P. marneffei. Systematic knockdown of the PKS genes showed a loss of black pigment on the conidia of the pks4 (alb1) knockdown mutant, a loss of yellow pigment in the mycelial form of pks11 and pks12 knockdown mutants and a loss of red pigment production in the pks3 knockdown mutant. PKS4 in P. marneffei is responsible for melanin production. Knockdown of pks4 resulted in the loss of melanin production and reduced ornamentation on the conidial surface. Mice that were challenged with the pks4 knockdown mutant survived significantly better than those challenged with wild type conidia (P<0.005). The sterilizing doses of hydrogen peroxide giving a 50% survival reduction of the fungal conidia were 11 minutes and 6 minutes for wild type and the pks4 knockdown mutant, respectively. These together suggested that melanin in P. marneffei contributed to its pathogenesis by reducing its susceptibility to killing by hydrogen peroxide. HPLC-MS analysis revealed the identity of the yellow pigment of P. marneffei to be mitorubrinic acid and mitorubrinol. Mice that were challenged with the pks11and pks12 knockdown mutants survived significantly better than those challenged with wild type conidia (P<0.05). The survival of the pks11and pks12 knockdown mutants in J774 and THP1 macrophages were also both significantly lower than the wild type, suggesting mitorubrinic acid and mitorubrinol contribute to fungal pathogenesis by improving its survival in macrophages. The red pigment secreted by P. marneffei was found to compose of monascorubrin, rubropunctatin, ankaflavin, citrinin and different amino acid conjugated with monascorubrin/rubropunctatin. The biosynthetic pathway of the red pigment involved a polyketide synthase (pks3), a transcription activator (rp1), a fatty acid synthase subunit beta (rp2), a 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase (rp3) and an oxidoreductase (rp4). RP2, PR3 and RP4 are responsible for fatty acid production. PKS3 is responsible for the biosynthesis of an intermediate polyketide, and RP1 is responsible for the biosynthetic activation. Through esterification, the fatty acid attaches to the intermediate polyketide to form monascorubin, an orange pigment, which is secreted out of the cell. Amino acids in the culture medium were found to conjugate with monascorubrin to form pigments ranging from orange to red in color. Ankaflavin is synthesized by the reduction of monascorubrin. PKS3 and RP1 are also responsible for the biosynthesis of citrinin. In conclusion, the chemical composition, biosynthetic pathways and potential roles in virulence of the black, yellow and red pigments in P. marneffei were characterized.
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König, Ariane. "Genes for macrolide formation in rapamycin biosynthesis from Streptomyces hygroscopicus." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264158.

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Hill, Alison Margaret. "The biosynthesis of aspyrone." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319492.

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He, Weiguo. "Biochemical analysis of polyketide synthases domains and modules." View abstract/electronic edition; access limited to Brown University users, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3318326.

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Books on the topic "Polyketides"

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Rimando, Agnes M., and Scott R. Baerson, eds. Polyketides. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2007-0955.

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J, Leeper F., and Vederas J. C, eds. Biosynthesis: Polyketides and vitamins. Berlin: Springer, 1998.

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service), ScienceDirect (Online, ed. Complex enzymes in microbial natural product biosynthesis: Polyketides, aminocoumarins and carbohydrates. London: Academic, 2009.

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O'Hagan, David. The polyketide metabolites. New York: E. Horwood, 1991.

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1957-, Rimando Agnes M., Baerson Scott R, and American Chemical Society. Division of Agricultural and Food Chemistry., eds. Polyketides: Biosynthesis, biological activity, and genetic engineering. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2007.

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Rohr, Jürgen, ed. Bioorganic Chemistry Deoxysugars, Polyketides and Related Classes: Synthesis, Biosynthesis, Enzymes. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0119233.

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service), ScienceDirect (Online, ed. Complex enzymes in microbial natural product biosynthesis: Overview articles and peptides. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2009.

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O'Hagan, David. The polyketide metabolites. New York: Ellis Horwood, 1991.

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Evans, Bradley S., ed. Nonribosomal Peptide and Polyketide Biosynthesis. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3375-4.

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Ho, Stephen. Studies in Polyketide Total Synthesis. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Polyketides"

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Schwarzbauer, Jan, and Branimir Jovančićević. "Polyketides." In From Biomolecules to Chemofossils, 77–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25075-5_4.

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Herbert, R. B. "Polyketides." In The Biosynthesis of Secondary Metabolites, 31–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9132-9_3.

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Seigler, David S. "Polyketides." In Plant Secondary Metabolism, 56–75. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4913-0_5.

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Schaefers, Françoise, Tobias A. M. Gulder, Cyril Bressy, Michael Smietana, Erica Benedetti, Stellios Arseniyadis, Markus Kalesse, and Martin Cordes. "Polyketides." In From Biosynthesis to Total Synthesis, 19–129. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118754085.ch2.

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Ziani, Borhane Eddine Cherif, Abidi Mohamed, Chaima Ziani, and Liza Saher. "Polyketides." In Natural Secondary Metabolites, 201–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18587-8_7.

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Simpson, Thomas J., and Russell J. Cox. "Polyketides in Fungi." In Natural Products in Chemical Biology, 143–61. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118391815.ch6.

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Contigli, Christiane, Marcelo Siqueira Valle, Sílvia Catarina Salgado Oloris, Lúcia Pinheiro Santos Pimenta, and Jacqueline Aparecida Takahashi. "Polyketides from Fungi." In Natural Secondary Metabolites, 555–605. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18587-8_17.

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Cox, Russell J., Elizabeth Skellam, and Katherine Williams. "Biosynthesis of Fungal Polyketides." In Physiology and Genetics, 385–412. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71740-1_13.

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Schuemann, Julia, and Christian Hertweck. "Biosynthesis of Fungal Polyketides." In Physiology and Genetics, 331–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00286-1_16.

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Shen, Ben. "Biosynthesis of Aromatic Polyketides." In Biosynthesis, 1–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48146-x_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Polyketides"

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Lee, TH, SW Wang, YL Chen, and TY Shih. "Bioactive polyketides from a marine green alga-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. NTU967." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399858.

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Poteshkina, K. I., and A. M. Stenkova. "DEVELOPMENT OF A TEST SYSTEM FOR SCREENING BACTERIA PRODUCING BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE NONRIBOSOMAL PEPTIDES AND POLYKETIDES." In X Международная конференция молодых ученых: биоинформатиков, биотехнологов, биофизиков, вирусологов и молекулярных биологов — 2023. Novosibirsk State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1526-1-360.

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An important direction in science and medicine is the study of biologically active compounds produced by marine microorganisms, due to which there is a search for new promising drugs. This study is aimed at screening a collection of marine microorganisms obtained from invertebrates from the Vostok Bay of Primorsky Krai for the presence of biochemical gene clusters of nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) and polyketide synthases (PKS).
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Chang, FR, DY Yang, YB Cheng, and YC Wu. "Polyketides and Anti-inflammatory Activities of the Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis Isolated from Anthurium brownii." In GA 2017 – Book of Abstracts. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608096.

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TOWNSEND, CRAIG A. "DECONSTRUCTION OF ITERATIVE POLYKETIDE SYNTHASES." In 23rd International Solvay Conference on Chemistry. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814603836_0042.

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Nassar, S., B. Liu, and L. Beerhues. "Polyketide-related biosynthesis of plant anthranoids." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399796.

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Bunzel, C., B. Liu, and L. Beerhues. "Novel dual-function type III polyketide synthase from Hypericum polyphyllum." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399659.

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Erokhin, D. V., O. D. Mikityuk, L. A. Shcherbakova, and V. G. Dzhavakhiya. "Inhibition of the biosynthesis of polyketide mycotoxins by microbial metabolites." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.065.

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6-Demethylmevinoliin, a secondary metabolite of Penicillum citrinum, is able to efficiently inhibit the biosynthesis of two polypeptide mycotoxins, aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone, by 92 and 78% of the control, respectively.
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Prediger, Patrícia, and Luiz Carlos Dias. "Synthesis of Polyketide Fragments in Order to Study the Elaiophylin Biosynthesis." In 15th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-15bmos-bmos2013_201391515128.

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Hiebl, V., D. Wang, EH Heiss, R. Mueller, AG Atanasov, and VM Dirsch. "The polyketide soraphen A exerts beneficial effects on cholesterol homeostasis in macrophages." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3400099.

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Bunnak, W., P. Wonnapinij, A. Sriboonlert, CM Lazarus, and P. Wattana-Amorn. "Assembly of a fungal macrocyclic polylactone is catalyzed by two iterative polyketide synthases." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399787.

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Reports on the topic "Polyketides"

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Cytryn, E., Sean F. Brady, and O. Frenkel. Cutting edge culture independent pipeline for detection of novel anti-fungal plant protection compounds in suppressive soils. Israel: United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2022.8134142.bard.

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Fusarium oxysporum spp. causes Panama disease in bananas and crown and root rot in an array of vegetables and field crops, but increased regulations have restricted the use of many conventional chemical pesticides, and there are a limited number of commercially available products effective against them. The soil microbiome represents a largely untapped reservoir of secondary metabolites that can potentially antagonize fungal pathogens. However, most soil bacteria cannot be cultivated using conventional techniques and therefore most of these compounds remain unexplored. The overall goal of this two-year project was to extract and characterize novel secondary metabolites from "unculturable" soil microbiomes that antagonize Fusarium and other fungal plant pathogens. Initially, the Cytryn lab at the Volcani Institute (ARO) identified candidate biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) encoding for potentially novel antifungal compounds (specifically non-ribosomal peptides and polyketides) in soil and plant root microbiomes using cutting-edge metagenomic platforms. Next, the Brady lab at Rockefeller University (RU) screened archived soil metagenomic cosmid libraries for these BGCs, and heterologously expressed them in suitable hosts. Finally, the Frenkel and Cytryn labs at ARO assessed the capacity of these heterologous expressed strains to antagonize Fusarium and other fungal plant pathogens. Initially tomato and lettuce were analyzed, and subsequently roots of cucumbers grown in suppressive (biochar amended) soils were targeted. We found that the composition of tomato and lettuce root BGCs are similar to each other, but significantly different from adjacent bulk soil, indicating that root bacteria possess specific secondary metabolites that are potentially associated with rhizosphere competence. BGC linked to known metabolites included various antimicrobial, (e.g., streptazone E, sessilin), antifungal (heat-stable antifungal factor- HSAF, II and ECO-02301), and insecticidal (melingmycin, orfamide A) compounds. However, over 90% of the identified BGCs were moderately to significantly different from those encoding for characterized secondary metabolites, highlighting the profusion of potentially novel secondary metabolites in both root and soil environments. Novel BGCs that were abundant in roots and remotely resembled those of antifungal compounds were transferred to RU for subsequent screening and five were identified in RU soil metagenomic cosmid libraries. Two of these clusters (BARD-1711 BARD-B481) were heterologously-expressed in a Streptomyces albus J1074 strain, and transferred to ARO. The strain harboring BARAD-B481 was found to antagonize Fusarium significantly more than the host strain, indicating that this BGCs product has antifungal activity. Future studies will need to work on chemically characterizing the BARAD-B481 BGC and progress with the above described pipeline for other interesting BGCs.
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Marimo, Patience. Steps Towards Deciphering the Post-Polyketide Synthase Tailoring Steps in the Phoslactomycin Biosynthesis Pathway. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2405.

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Magnuson, Jon. Accelerating Polyketide Synthase Engineering for High TRY Production of Biofuels and Bioproducts - CRADA 474. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1827793.

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Backman, Tyler. Accelerating polyketide synthase engineering for high TRY production of biofuels and bioproducts: CRADA Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2324813.

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Prusky, Dov, Nancy P. Keller, and Amir Sherman. global regulation of mycotoxin accumulation during pathogenicity of Penicillium expansum in postharvest fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600012.bard.

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Background to the topic- Penicilliumas a postharvest pathogen and producer of the mycotoxin PAT. Penicilliumspp. are destructive phytopathogens, capable of causing decay in many deciduous fruits, during postharvest handling and storage; and the resulting losses can amount to 10% of the stored produce and the accumulation of large amounts of the mycotoxinpatulin. The overall goal of this proposal is to identify critical host and pathogen factors that modulate P. expansummycotoxin genes and pathways which are required for PAT production and virulence. Our preliminary results indicated that gluconic acid are strongly affecting patulin accumulation during colonization. P. expansumacidifies apple fruit tissue during colonization in part through secretion of gluconic acid (GLA). Several publications suggested that GLA accumulation is an essential factor in P. expansumpathogenicity. Furthermore, down regulation of GOX2 significantly reduced PAT accumulation and pathogenicity. PAT is a polyketide and its biosynthesis pathway includes a 15-gene cluster. LaeA is a global regulator of mycotoxin synthesis. It is now known that patulin synthesis might be subjected to LaeA and sometimes by environmental sensing global regulatory factors including the carbon catabolite repressor CreA as well as the pH regulator factor PacC and nitrogen regulator AreA. The mechanisms by which LaeA regulates patulin synthesis was not fully known and was part of our work. Furthermore, the regulatory system that controls gene expression in accordance with ambient pH was also included in our work. PacC protein is in an inactive conformation and is unable to bind to the promoter sites of the target genes; however, under alkaline growth conditions activated PacC acts as both an activator of alkaline-expressed genes and a repressor of acid-expressed genes. The aims of the project- This project aims to provide new insights on the roles of LaeA and PacC and their signaling pathways that lead to GLA and PAT biosynthesis and pathogenicity on the host. Specifically, our specific aims were: i) To elucidate the mechanism of pH-controlled regulation of GLA and PAT, and their contribution to pathogenesis of P. expansum. We are interested to understanding how pH and/or GLA impact/s under PacC regulation affect PAT production and pathogenesis. ii) To characterize the role of LaeA, the global regulator of mycotoxin production, and its effect on PAT and PacC activity. iii) To identify the signaling pathways leading to GLA and PAT synthesis. Using state- of-the-art RNAseq technologies, we will interrogate the transcriptomes of laeAand pacCmutants, to identify the common signaling pathways regulating synthesis of both GLA and PAT. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements- In our first Aim our results demonstrated that ammonia secreted at the leading edge of the fungal colony induced transcript activation of the global pH modulator PacC and PAT accumulation in the presence of GLA. We assessed these parameters by: (i) direct exogenous treatment of P. expansumgrowing on solid medium; (ii) direct exogenous treatment on colonized apple tissue; (iii) growth under self-ammonia production conditions with limited carbon; and (iv) analysis of the transcriptional response to ammonia of the PAT biosynthesis cluster. Ammonia induced PAT accumulation concurrently with the transcript activation of pacCand PAT biosynthesis cluster genes, indicating the regulatory effect of ammonia on pacCtranscript expression under acidic conditions. Transcriptomic analysis of pH regulated processes showed that important genes and BARD Report - Project 4773 Page 2 of 10 functionalities of P. expansumwere controlled by environmental pH. The differential expression patterns of genes belonging to the same gene family suggest that genes were selectively activated according to their optimal environmental conditions to enable the fungus to cope with varying conditions and to make optimal use of available enzymes. Concerning the second and third Aims, we demonstrated that LaeA regulates several secondary metabolite genes, including the PAT gene cluster and concomitant PAT synthesis invitro. Virulence studies of ΔlaeAmutants of two geographically distant P. expansumisolates (Pe-21 from Israel and Pe-T01 from China) showed differential reduction in disease severity in freshly harvested fruit ranging from no reduction for Ch-Pe-T01 strains in immature fruit to 15–25% reduction for both strains in mature fruit, with the ΔlaeAstrains of Is-Pe-21 always showing a greater loss in virulence. Results suggest the importance of LaeA regulation of PAT and other secondary metabolites on pathogenicity. Our work also characterized for the first time the role of sucrose, a key nutritional factor present in apple fruit, as a negative regulator of laeAexpression and consequent PAT production in vitro. This is the first report of sugar regulation of laeAexpression, suggesting that its expression may be subject to catabolite repression by CreA. Some, but not all of the 54 secondary metabolite backbone genes in the P. expansumgenome, including the PAT polyketide backbone gene, were found to be regulated by LaeA. Together, these findings enable for the first time a straight analysis of a host factor that potentially activates laeAand subsequent PAT synthesis.
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