Academic literature on the topic 'Polyculture'
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Journal articles on the topic "Polyculture"
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Amoussou, Nellya, Marielle Thomas, Alain Pasquet, and Thomas Lecocq. "Finding the Best Match: A Ranking Procedure of Fish Species Combinations for Polyculture Development." Life 12, no. 9 (August 26, 2022): 1315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12091315.
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Polyculture is a potentially interesting rearing practice for future aquaculture developments. Nevertheless, it may result in beneficial as well as detrimental consequences for fish production. One way to maximize the benefits of polyculture is to combine species with high levels of compatibility and complementarity. This requires the development of a ranking procedure, based on a multi-trait assessment, that highlights the most suitable species combinations for polyculture. Moreover, in order to ensure the relevance of such a procedure, it is important to integrate the socio-economic expectations by assigning relative weights to each trait according to the stakeholder priorities. Here, we proposed a ranking procedure of candidate fish polycultures (i.e., species combinations that could be potentially interesting for aquaculture) based on a multi-trait assessment approach and the stakeholder priorities. This procedure aims at successively (i) weighting evaluation results obtained for each candidate polyculture according to stakeholder priorities; (ii) assessing differentiation between candidate species combinations based on these weighted results; and (iii) ranking differentiated candidate polycultures. We applied our procedure on three test cases of fish polycultures in recirculated aquaculture systems. These test cases each focused on a target species (two on Sander lucioperca and one on Carassius auratus), which were reared in two or three different alternative candidate fish polycultures. For each test case, our procedure aimed at ranking alternative combinations according to their benefits for production and/or welfare of the target species. These benefits were evaluated based on survival rate as well as morphology, behavioral, and physiological traits. Three scenarios of stakeholder priorities were considered for weighting evaluation results: placing a premium on production, welfare, or both for the target species. A comparison of our procedure results between these scenarios showed that the ranking changed for candidate polycultures in two test cases. This highlights the need to carefully consider stakeholder priorities when choosing fish polycultures.
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Steinparzer, Matthias, Daniela Haluza, and Douglas L. Godbold. "Integrating Tree Species Identity and Diversity in Particulate Matter Adsorption." Forests 13, no. 3 (March 19, 2022): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13030481.
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The amount of PM bound by tree canopies depends on leaf traits, but also the leaf area available, both of which are dependent on tree identity. We investigated four species (Acer platanoides L., Tilia cordata Mill., Quercus robur L., Carpinus betulus L.) grown in monocultures and in two and four species polycultures. The amount of PM on the leaves of these species was determined by washing and fractionation of the PM into PM2.5, PM10 and PM100 size classes using a filtering method. The leaf area index was estimated by litter collection. The amount of PM2.5 per m2 leaf area was significantly higher in T. cordata compared to Q. robur and A. platanoides, and in C. betulus compared to A. platanoides. The leaf area index in monocultures was similar for all species except T. cordata which was considerably lower. Overyielding of LAI was shown in the two species polyculture of T. cordata and A. platanoides, and also in the four species polyculture. In polyculture, higher amounts of PM were determined in the two species polyculture of Q. robur and C. betulus and also in the four species polyculture. The result show that both tree identity and mixture influence the amount of PM in the canopy, and this is related to tree leaf traits, and also to overyielding of LAI in the polyculture.
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Hartawan, Rudi, Azman, Yulistiati Nengsih, Adilla Adistya, and Edy Marwan. "Land equivalent ratio polyculture of liberica coffee (Coffea liberica)-areca nut (Areca catechu L.) and liberica coffee-tall coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1153, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1153/1/012029.
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Abstract The research was carried out at Sungai Beras Village, Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency, in May-August 2021. The research object was five years old areca nut with three years old liberica coffee, ten years old tall coconut with three years old liberica coffee, three years old liberica coffee, five years old areca nuts, and ten years old tall coconut. The equipment used was GPS, scales, meters, and a camera. This study used a survey method by numbering the sample with a systemic sampling. The parameters observed in this study were plant height, spacing, stem diameter, crop productivity, and the LER between coffee-areca nut and coffee-coconut polycultures. The results showed that liberica coffee polyculture cultivation with areca nut or tall coconut was better than monoculture liberica coffee cultivation. The productivity of the liberica coffee polyculture cultivation area with areca nut plants increased by 19% compared to the productivity of the liberica coffee monoculture. The productivity of liberica coffee polyculture with tall coconut increased by 8% compared to the productivity of liberica coffee monoculture. There is a difference in land productivity of 11% when liberica coffee is cultivated in polyculture with areca nuts compared to liberica coffee polyculture with tall coconut.
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Iglay, Raymond B., Kristin B. Schwarz, Jerrold L. Belant, James A. Martin, Guiming Wang, and Travis L. DeVault. "Large Mammal Use of Seminatural Grasslands and Implications for Aviation Strike Risk." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 9, no. 1 (October 10, 2017): 222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/022017-jfwm-019.
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Abstract Large mammals pose a significant risk to U.S. aircraft safety within airport operation areas and cost airlines millions of dollars in repairs annually. Native warm-season grass polycultures and switchgrass monocultures offer alternative land covers for airports that could benefit current risk-mitigation efforts in addition to offering economic and environmental benefits. We compared use of a native warm-season grass polyculture and switchgrass Panicum virgatum monoculture by white-tailed deer (deer; Odocoileus virginianus) and coyote Canis latrans, using remote cameras in Mississippi, during 2011–2012. Coyotes and deer were observed 27% and 51% less in switchgrass monoculture than in native warm-season grass polyculture, respectively. However, November detections and cumulative hazard score demonstrated the greatest differences between treatments, especially for deer. Considering deer and coyotes are among the most hazardous mammal species to aircraft, switchgrass monocultures could be a better alternative land cover than native warm-season grass polycultures for some airport turf areas. Increased land coverage of switchgrass monocultures could benefit airport wildlife-hazard mitigation but needs validation by comparing alternative land covers to more traditional airport land covers.
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Rivera, Tina M., Martin F. Quigley, and Joseph C. Scheerens. "Performance of Component Species in Three Apple-Berry Polyculture Systems." HortScience 39, no. 7 (December 2004): 1601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.7.1601.
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The commercial and ornamental potential of three apple-berry polyculture systems was ascertained by monitoring the above-ground performance of component species in plots of `GoldRush' apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) trees on M.7 rootstock cropped with either blackberry (Rubus spp. L. `Navaho'), edible honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L. `Blue Belle' and `Blue Velvet'), or jostaberry (Ribes nidigrolaria Bauer `Josta') as understory plants. Polyculture plots and corresponding monoculture controls were established in 1999, with berry plants at recommended (R) or close [(C), half-recommended] spacings. Blackberries and jostaberries planted in monoculture at recommended spacings [i.e., control (R) plots] amassed dry weights >1 kg/plant by Fall 2001; the dry weight of edible honeysuckle from comparable plots was slightly >0.3 kg/plant. In 2001, blackberry yield (3.1 kg/plant) and fruit weight (3.4 g) were typical of `Navaho' plantings of similar age, whereas jostaberry was only moderately productive (yield = 286 g/plant; fruit weight = 1.4 g). Edible honeysuckle productivity (yield = 13 g/plant, fruit weight = 0.5 g) was minimal, due to disparate flowering phenology between cultivars. `GoldRush' apple growth and productivity (yield = 25 kg/tree; fruit weight = 158 g) was consistent with values expected for trees of similar age. Blackberry plant dry weights were reduced by 20% to 33% when planted at close spacing, whereas blackberry yields were reduced 35% to 38% when grown in polyculture with apple. Both polyculture and plant spacing significantly reduced jostaberry dry weights (i.e., 12% and 24%, respectively) relative to the control, but neither significantly affected jostaberry yield. Conversely, both close-spaced planting and the presence of an apple tree improved the yield of edible honeysuckle. Apple performance was not affected by the presence of an edible honeysuckle understory, but apple growth factors were reduced in blackberry and jostaberry polycultures by as much as 65%. Apple bloom, fruit set, and yield were also significantly reduced in apple-blackberry and apple-jostaberry plots, with fruit numbers/tree averaging <5 in all except the apple-blackberry (C) treatment. None of the polyculture treatments studied were suitable for profitable fruit production. However, each of the polyculture constituents exhibited unique, beneficial attributes with respect to their use as components within an edible landscape.
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Alfaredzi, Rajab, Syakur Syakur, and Khairullah Khairullah. "Evaluasi Sifat Fisika Tanah pada Penggunaan Lahan Monokultur dan Polikultur di Kecamatan Labuhan Haji Kabupaten Aceh Selatan." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 8, no. 1 (February 2, 2023): 369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v8i1.23043.
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Abstrak. Pengelolaan tanah dengan pola tanam monokultur dan polikultur menghasilkan perbedaan sifat fisika pada tanah. Sifat fisika tanah yang menjadi objek penelitian ini adalah C-organik, bulk density, stabilitas agregat, laju infiltrasi tanah, dan struktur tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sifat fisika tanah pada penggunaan lahan monokultur dan polikultur di Kecamatan Labuhan Haji Kabupaten Aceh Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei deskriptif. Penentuan lokasi penelitian menggunakan SPL melalui aplikasi ArcGis dengan memasukkan peta jenis tanah, peta kelerengan, dan penggunaan lahan yang selanjutnya di overlay. Hasil evaluasi sifat fisik pada penggunaan lahan monokultur dan polikultur untuk bahan organik pada penggunaan lahan monokultur berkisar 0,37%,1,02% dan 2,12% secara rata-rata 1,17% (rendah) dibandingkan dengan penggunaan lahan polikultur bahan organik berkisar 1,74% dan 2,43% secara rata-rata 2,08% (Sedang). Bulk density pada monokultur berkisar 1,28 g.cm-3, g.cm-3dan 1,32 g.cm-3 secara rata-rata 1,29 g.cm-3 dengan kategori tinggi dibandingkan dengan polikultur berkisar 1,30 g.cm-3 dan 1,31 g.cm-3 secara rata-rata 1,30 g.cm-3 dengan kategori tinggi. Indeks stabilitas agregat tanah pada monokultur berkisar 42,55, 49,47 dan 52,52 secara rata-rata 48,18 dengan kriteria kurang mantap dibandingkan dengan polikultur berkisar 50,24 dan 51,12 secara rata-rata 50,68 dengan kriteria agak mantap. Struktur berkisar dari lemah hingga sedang. Laju infiltrasi berkisar antara 10-30 mm.jam dengan kategori lambat hingga sedang. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi fisik tanah pada penggunaan lahan polikultur di Kecamatan Labuhanhaji lebih baik daripada penggunaan lahan monokultur hal ini disebabkan karena biomassa bahan organik pada penggunaan lahan polikultur lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan penggunaan lahan monokultur.Evaluation of Soil Physical Properties in Monoculture and Polyculture Land Uses in Labuhan HajiDistrict, South Aceh RegencyAbstract. Soil management with monoculture and polyculture planting patterns produces differences in physical properties in the soil. The physical properties of the soil that are the object of this study are C-organic, bulk density, aggregate stability, soil infiltration rate, and soil structure. This study aims to evaluate the physical nature of soil in monoculture and polyculture land use in Labuhan Haji District, South Aceh Regency. This study used a descriptive survey method. Determination of research locations using SPL through the ArcGis application by including soil type maps, marble maps, and land use which are then overlayed. The results of the evaluation of physical properties on monoculture and polyculture land use for organic matter on monoculture land use ranged from 0.37.1.02% and 2.12% on average 1.17% (low) compared to the land use of organic matter polyculture ranging from 1.74% and 2.43% on average 2.08% (Medium). Bulk density in monocultures ranges from 1.28 g.cm-3, g.cm-3 and 1.32 g.cm-3 on average 1.29 g.cm-3 with high categories compared to polycultures ranging from 1.30 g.cm-3 and 1.31 g.cm-3 on average 1.30 g.cm-3 with high categories. The soil aggregate stability index in monocultures ranged from 42.55, 49.47 and 52.52 on average 48.18 with less steady criteria compared to polycultures ranging from 50.24 and 51.12 on average 50.68 with rather steady criteria. Structure ranges from weak to moderate. The infiltration rate ranges from 10-30 mm/h with a slow to moderate category. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that the physical condition of the soil in polyculture land use in Labuhanhaji District is better than monoculture land use, this is because the biomass of organic matter in polyculture land use is more than monoculture land use.
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Podkuiko, Lara, Mari-Liis Kasemets, Timo Kikas, and Inga Lips. "Cultivation of Algae Polyculture in Municipal Wastewater with CO2 Supply." Environmental and Climate Technologies 24, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 188–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2020-0096.
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Abstract In the past decades microalgae have been viewed as a promising source of sustainable biomass, because the cultivation of microalgae does not require arable land. Because the main use of the biomass has been envisaged as feedstock for biofuel, research has been directed on increasing the (lipid) yield of monospecies. However, because the production of biofuel from such virgin biomass is not economically viable, the production of the biomass should be coupled with other processes. In addition, cultivating polycultures may yield more biomass, while ensuring a stable culture. In this research Chlorella spp., Arthrospira platensis and Raphidocelis subcapitata were grown as a polyculture in municipal wastewater in order to remove nutrients. The results indicate that using microalgal polycultures may help reduce nitrogen and phosphorus by the level reglemented by the EU Council Directive. This may help reduce water treatment costs with simultaneous biomass production.
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Podkuiko, Lara, Mari-Liis Kasemets, Timo Kikas, and Inga Lips. "Cultivation of Algae Polyculture in Municipal Wastewater with CO2 Supply." Environmental and Climate Technologies 24, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 188–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2020-0096.
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AbstractIn the past decades microalgae have been viewed as a promising source of sustainable biomass, because the cultivation of microalgae does not require arable land. Because the main use of the biomass has been envisaged as feedstock for biofuel, research has been directed on increasing the (lipid) yield of monospecies. However, because the production of biofuel from such virgin biomass is not economically viable, the production of the biomass should be coupled with other processes. In addition, cultivating polycultures may yield more biomass, while ensuring a stable culture. In this research Chlorella spp., Arthrospira platensis and Raphidocelis subcapitata were grown as a polyculture in municipal wastewater in order to remove nutrients. The results indicate that using microalgal polycultures may help reduce nitrogen and phosphorus by the level reglemented by the EU Council Directive. This may help reduce water treatment costs with simultaneous biomass production.
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Sukarno, Rizal, and Sigit Prastowo. "Manipulasi Mikrohabitat Dengan Sistem Tanam Polikultur Sebagai Stabilizer Ekosistem Untuk Pengelolaan Hama dan Musuh Alami Pada Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum Linn.)." Jurnal Pengendalian Hayati 2, no. 2 (September 25, 2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jph.v2i2.17142.
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Shallot (Allium ascalonicum Linn.) constitutes one of the commodities that has important meaning for Indonesian people with the limiting factor in the production is the pest attack. One of these pest control techniques is by controlling technical culture of polyculture planting system. This research was conducted in July to October 2019 which was located in Banyuputih Village, Wringin District, Bondowoso Regency. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with six treatment, namely: P1 = polyculture of shallot + Lemongrass; P2 = polyculture of shallot + celery; P3 = Polyculture of shallot + mustard; P4 = Polyculture of shallot + Lemongrass + mustard; P5 = Polyculture of shallot + celery + mustard; P6 = Monoculture of shallot. Each treatment was repeated 4 times. Observation started at 30 days after planting. Data collection was done by observing directly on the sample plants. Sampling was carried out using Yellow trap and pit fall trap. Samples were taken at each plot 10 times with intervals of 4 days. Observations included collecting the pest insects and natural enemies that were found, counting the number of populations in each species, scoring towards the damage plants. The results showed that shallot planting by polyculture with different types of plants affected the population of pests and natural enemies as well as the level of diversity of insects in shallots. Planting shallots by polyculture has been proven to control pest populations compared to planting shallots by monoculture. Polyculture planting with two types of plants proved to be better than polyculture planting with three types of plants where the best treatment was found in P1, namely polyculture of shallot and lemongrass with the smallest pest population which was 17.5.
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Prastowo, Sigit, and Rizal Sukarno. "Manipulation of microhabitat by polyculture planting system as ecosystem stabilizer for management of pests and natural enemies in shallot (Allium ascalonicum Linn.)." Journal of Tropical Industrial Agriculture and Rural Development 1, no. 1 (June 10, 2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jtiard.v1i1.16415.
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Shallot (Allium ascalonicum Linn.) is one of important commodities for Indonesian people, yet its production is still limited by pest attack This research was conducted in Banyuputih Village, Wringin Subdistrict, Bondowoso Regency from July to October 2019. This study applied a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with six treatments, namely: P1 = Polyculture of shallot + lemongrass; P2 = Polyculture of shallot + celery; P3 = Polyculture of shallot + mustard; P4 = Polyculture of shallot + lemongrass + mustard; P5 = Polyculture of shallot + celery + mustard; P6 = Monoculture of shallot. Each treatment was repeated 4 times. Observation was started when plant was at the age of 30 days after planting. Data collection was done by directly observing the sample plants. Sampling was carried out using Yellow trap and pit fall trap. A total of 10 samples were collected from each plot with interval of 4 days. Observation included collecting the pest insects and natural enemies that were found, counting the number of populations of each species, and scoring towards the damage plants. The results showed that shallot planting by polyculture with different types of plants affected the population of pests and natural enemies as well as the level of diversity of insects in shallots. Planting shallots by polyculture has been proven to control pest population compared to planting shallots by monoculture. Polyculture planting with two types of plants was found to produce better outcome than polyculture planting with three types of plants with best treatment observed in P1, namely polyculture of shallot and lemongrass which resulted in the lowest pest population of 17.5.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Polyculture"
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Rivera, Tina M. "Competitive performance in an apple berry polyculture /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486546889381254.
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Liang, Yan. "Reclamation of wastewater for polyculture of freshwater fish." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1997. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/137.
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Cook, Kenneth Arlen. "A Feasibility Study of Penaeid Shrimp and Tilapia in Tank Polyculture." NSUWorks, 1994. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/350.
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Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, was paired with blue tilapia, Sarotherodon aureus in three 42-day growth trials conducted in outdoor tanks, from May 23 to October 11, 1993.
Each tank had a surface area of 5m2 and water depth of 80 cm. Two tanks contained 100 shrimp (20/m2) in monoculture and 2 tanks contained 100 shrimp in polyculture with 3 tilapia (0.6/m2). All tanks were given the same amount of feed. Water quality was monitored throughout and no significant difference was found between the two treatments.
The tilapia did not significantly reduce the production of marine shrimp when the shrimp were stocked at a mean weight of 9.27 g (S.D. = 2.47). Although some decrease in shrimp growth was noted, the tilapia production made up this difference at no extra cost. Extrapolation of production results to one hectare showed production of 3,132 kglha of shrimp in monoculture, compared with 2,812 kglha of shrimp plus 473 kglha of tilapia in polyculture, for a combined total of 3,285 kg/ha.
It was also determined that tank culture of marine shrimp and tilapia, whether in monoculture or polyculture, may be practiced with good results in the emerging field of "backyard aquaculture."
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STROLIGO, CONRADO CHERMUT. "POLYCULTURE IN NOVA FRIBURGO, RJ: EVOLUTION PROCESS AND NATURE-SOCIETY RELATIONS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=27771@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
Como se observa na história de Nova Friburgo-RJ, desde o tratado firmado entre Dom João VI e o empresário suíço Nicolau Gachet, em 1818, para a implantação da colônia, o caráter produtivo de alimentos para a metrópole do Rio de Janeiro estava prescrito. Porém, após a chegada dos primeiros imigrantes suíços em 1819, devido a problemas de adaptação cultural, econômicos e ambientais, os objetivos iniciais da colônia foram substituídos pela necessidade de sobrevivência dos colonos, o que favoreceu a miscigenação cultural entre os mesmos e lusos, e ainda, indígenas e afro-brasileiros, favorecendo a formação de uma agricultura de caráter policultural. No decorrer de seus quase dois séculos de existência, o município presenciou a produção de alimentos diversificados no chamado meio rural, quanto no seu centro urbano, onde, ainda encontram-se presentes cultivos com fins de parcial subsistência em quintais produtivos, mesmo que de modo pulverizado na paisagem friburguense. No presente trabalho serão rastreadas as características comuns entre os cultivos dos entrevistados, sendo quatro presentes no distrito-sede e dois em distritos rurais de Nova Friburgo, a fim de analisar sua relação com o processo histórico, documentado, de formação da agricultura policultural de subsistência no município. Todos os manejos possuem caráter biodiverso e policultural na produção de alimentos sem o uso do fogo com fins de fertilização de solo e nenhum tipo de agroquímico. Portanto, este trabalho visa investigar a relação destes espaços produtivos, com as práticas agrícolas historicamente evidenciadas no município, a fim de verificar a potencial existência de vínculo cultural entre os casos do passado e do presente. E é neste contexto entre o atual e o pretérito, o novo e o velho, o interno e o externo que se dá a presente pesquisa.
As noted in the history of Nova Friburgo-RJ since it s creation through the treaty between Dom João VI and the Swiss businessman Nicholas Gachet in 1818 for the implementation of the colony, the food production regarding the supplying Rio de Janeiro city s demand was prescribed. However, after the arrival of the first Swiss immigrants in 1819, due to problems of cultural adaptation, economic and environmental, the initial objectives of the colony were replaced by the need for survival of the settlers, which favored the cultural miscegenation between them and Portuguese s, indigenous and afroamericans, favoring the formation of a polycultural character of agriculture. During nearly two centuries of existence, the city witnessed the production of diversified food types in the so-called rural areas and in its urban center, where there are still present crops with partial subsistence purposes in productive backyards, notwithstanding they are pulverized in Nova Friburgo s landscape. In this work we will seek to analise the common characteristics between the crops of the enquired people, four of those living in the urban district and two in rural districts of Nova Friburgo, in order to analyze its relationship with the documented historical process, of polycultural agriculture subsistence emergence in the city. All managements have biodiverse character and polycultural in food production without the use of fire for fertilizing the soil neither of agrochemicals. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the relationship of these productive areas, with agricultural practices historically evidenced in the municipality in order to verify the potential existence of a cultural link between the cases of the past and present. It is in this context between the present and the past, the new and the old, the internal and the external that the present research is proposed.
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Morgan, Derek. "The potential for Gracilaria polyculture at Jacobs Bay Sea Products Pty." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25769.
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This report investigates the potential for the culture of G. gracilis, an indigenous red alga, into the west coast mariculture farm Jacobs Bay Sea Products Pty. Various methods for cultivating Gracilaria as well as environmental parameters, which influence growth of Gracilaria, are disltussed below. From these optimal conditions for the polycultivation of G. gracilis are determined. Cultivation can take place either, in open waters, or on land. Open water systems are generally less intensive than land based operations. Open water systems can be either bottom planted or suspended. Suspended cultivation has the advantage of maintaining the plant thalli in optimal light intensities. Land based systems can make use of ponds, raceways or tanks. Tanks and raceways are more productive than ponds, but require higher flow rates and regulated nutrient regimes.
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Audibert, Martine. "Déterminants de l’efficience technique dans l’agriculture sahélienne : riziculture et polyculture au Mali." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CLF10002.
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Cette étude porte sur l’efficience technique des exploitations agricoles et ses déterminants dans l’agriculture sahélienne. Une revue comparative des différentes approches développés pour estimer cette efficience conduit à préférer l’approche paramétrique et le modèle stochastique à effets de l’inefficience incorporés proposé par Battese et Coelli (1995). Les facteurs de l’efficience technique identifiés dans la littérature sont abordés avant de proposer un modèle original qui prend en considération l’effet encore peu étudié de l’environnement institutionnel, social et écologique sur l’efficience technique des exploitations. Deux contextes agricoles différents (riziculture irriguée et polyculture traditionnelle) servent d’applications pour tester le modèle. Les données sont issues d’enquêtes menées sur deux campagnes agricoles consécutives (1989 et 1990) auprès de 844 exploitations rizicoles à l’Office du Niger (premier contexte) et sur quatre années consécutives (1987-1990) auprès de 125 exploitations agricoles dans la zone de Kaarta (second contexte). Dans les deux contextes, les hypothèses émises se sont vérifiées. Ainsi, un bon environnement institutionnel (caractérisé par un encadrement agricole de qualité) est un facteur important de l’efficience technique. L’environnement écologique, lorsqu’il est néfaste à l’état de santé de la population, contribue de façon négative à l’efficience : les familles non affectées par la maladie sont plus efficientes que les familles atteintes par la maladie. Enfin, l’environnement social est également un facteur d’efficience technique : plus grande est la cohésion sociale, plus efficients sont les exploitants. Cette cohésion se retrouve aussi au niveau de la famille : lorsque celle-ci est unie, les exploitants sont plus efficients que dans le cas contraire. En montrant l’importance de l’environnement social et familial sur l’efficience technique, nous voyons comment les conflits sociaux (et familiaux), peuvent être un frein au développement et à l’innovation. Ce résultat s’avère primordial pour la redéfinition des stratégies de développement agricole en Afrique.
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Wangpen, Prayadt. "The role of shelter in cherax abidus and bidyanus bidyanus polyculture systems." Thesis, Curtin University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2312.
Full textAbstract:
Research into the polyculture of finfish and crayfish has been conducted in Western Australia for over a decade now. This research was instigated out of a need to increase revenues from freshwater crayfish farmers wishing to diversify their income base with a view to increasing profitability and reducing risk. It has become clear that several key variables dictate how the polyculture system (i.e. polysystem) will perform. These include biological factors like: size of participating species, relative densities, gender, planktonic turbidity, natural feeds; and abiotic factors like: light intensity, clay turbidity, floating cages for segregation, water quality, and habitat/shelter complexity. Many of these factors can be controlled / adjusted by the manager of the polysystem to maximise performance, production and profitability.While much of the research to date has focussed on the marron (Cherax tenuimanus) industry, it is also important to realise that an understanding of these factors can also assist other crayfish polysystems, like integrated agri-aquaculture systems containing yabbies (Cherax albidus). Some of the factors that influence how the system will perform may become more prevalent, like suspended clay turbidity and the associated role of light intensity in species interactions, or shelter complexity and the resulting choice of shelter material. But overall, they are the same basic variables and we must understand how they affect the particular multi-species system that we are dealing with. There is a lot to be learned from the literature on how these variables affect multi-species aquatic environments in the wild. Perhaps aquaculturists have not considered this enough in the past. Some farmers seem to believe that these variables are different JUST because it is a culture system. This is not true.The variables will take on different levels in a culture system (i.e. a manager will stimulate turbidity, provide artificial feeds, stock different sizes, and supply particular types of shelter) BUT the actual variables themselves (e.g. food, density, light, shelter) are basic to ALL aquatic ecosystems. Other researchers have looked at important factors like density, gender, and light intensity / turbidity in crayfish polysystems - but the issue of habitat complexity and the role of shelter has not been adequately addressed. This thesis will investigate some basic questions about shelter and endeavour to apply them to crayfish polysystems, with the emphasis on marron (C. tenuimanus) and yabbies (C. albidus) because these are the two most commercially important species of crayfish in Western Australia. Importantly, it should be noted that due to the invasive nature of yabbies, and their apparent ability to displace native marron in the wild, findings will be related to yabby-marron competition / displacement where relevant. We need to know many things about shelter: what type is best in a multi-species system? Should the shelter size match the crayfish size? Do marron have different requirements for shelter than yabbies? Does it matter who gets first use of a shelter (i.e. prior residence effect)? Can we learn about crayfish shelter requirements by examining the behaviour / plasticity of crayfish species? If crayfish are stocked with finfish and they retreat into shelter as a predator-avoidance measure, is the complexity important given that their densities will be higher? If densities of crayfish inside shelters are higher in polysystems, will cannibalism be a concern, particularly when conditions are right for moulting? Does visual recognition and / or chemo-detection of a predator affect the shelter usage by marron or yabbies?Does temperature affect shelter usage behaviour for a burrowing species like yabbies? Shelter is an important factor in the life history of a freshwater crayfish and an understanding of its influence on different species is important for maximising system performance. Crayfish are categorised depending on their ability to construct shelters (i.e. burrows). Yabbies have evolved in systems with fluctuating water quality and many predators and, as such, have learned to burrow (to escape drought and also to escape predators). Marron, on the other hand, are a non-burrowing native crayfish species that have existed with relatively few predators in the South-West. As a result, marron are less capable of modifying their behaviour when confronted with a predator (i.e. low behavioural plasticity). Species with high plasticity, like yabbies, are more capable of adapting to new environments, because they can change their behaviour to increase their chance of survival. Therefore we can expect yabbies and marron to utilize habitats differently and we should compare these behaviours as a basis to developing management strategies. This type of knowledge may also assist with managing the translocation and spread of yabbies in the wild and their displacement of native marron.Within multi-species systems, the physical structure of shelter plays an important role inprotecting crayfish and the perfect shelter would not only provide safety from co-stocked finfish, but also from conspecific cannibalism. Given the different life histories and behaviours, it is probable that both species of crayfish will have different refuge requirements.Over the course of this four-year investigation, trials were conducted in four culture systems (72L aquariums, 300L circular tanks, 80t mesocosm tank, and 720m2 earthen ponds) using marron and yabbies as the species of interest.Silver perch and Murray cod were chosen as the finfish species of interest as they appear to have the highest aquaculture potential for native freshwater finfish in Australia at the present time. Further, both of these fish have been documented as potential predators of crayfish, resulting in a challenge to understand the role of shelter in minimising the negative effects of fish-crayfish interactions within a polysystem. This study has confirmed that shelter plays a critical role in multi-species system dynamics. In the case of polysystems, it will affect both interspecific and intra-specific interactions, ultimately governing production and profitability, along with the other, previously defined factors. This means that the manager of a polysystem can influenceproductivity by understanding: a) the behavioural characteristics and biology of the crayfish; b) the feeding biology of the finfish; and c) the system variables (both biotic and abiotic) that will affect the overall well being of the fish and crayfish. In the case ofshelter, the manager should understand the available shelter types, the appropriatedensities, the importance of matching complexity to the crayfish size, and the prior residence effect when choosing a timing strategy for stocking and harvesting. Prior residence increased resource holding potential for both marron and yabbies in the short term. In fact, prior residence was a stronger determinant of successful sheltering than crayfish gender or species. However, in longer-term trials the physical size of the crayfish (larger animals evicted smaller animals) and reproductive status (berried females were successful at evicting all other crayfish) were more important factors in determining successful shelter acquisition, although the temporal variations (i.e. growth and release of young) complicate the issue.When stocking crayfish of different sizes, and in polysystems, the correct size of shelter becomes critical, as smaller individuals will be forced to leave over-sized shelter and locate a shelter commensurate with their own body size to avoid predators. This is relevant to crayfish nurseries where complex habitat is paramount for juvenile cohorts that display variation in sizes and gender. The expansion of crayfish polyculture holds considerable promise; however, furtherinvestigations are required into shelter complexity within floating fish cages, shelter types and arrangement of shelters within ponds (for increased production and ease-of-harvesting), potential of yabbies in polyculture (comparison of monosex and hybrid strains), and the impact of shelter on escape behaviour of marron in a polysystem.
8
Wangpen, Prayadt. "The role of shelter in cherax abidus and bidyanus bidyanus polyculture systems." Curtin University of Technology, Muresk Institute of Agriculture, 2007. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15622.
Full textAbstract:
Research into the polyculture of finfish and crayfish has been conducted in Western Australia for over a decade now. This research was instigated out of a need to increase revenues from freshwater crayfish farmers wishing to diversify their income base with a view to increasing profitability and reducing risk. It has become clear that several key variables dictate how the polyculture system (i.e. polysystem) will perform. These include biological factors like: size of participating species, relative densities, gender, planktonic turbidity, natural feeds; and abiotic factors like: light intensity, clay turbidity, floating cages for segregation, water quality, and habitat/shelter complexity. Many of these factors can be controlled / adjusted by the manager of the polysystem to maximise performance, production and profitability.While much of the research to date has focussed on the marron (Cherax tenuimanus) industry, it is also important to realise that an understanding of these factors can also assist other crayfish polysystems, like integrated agri-aquaculture systems containing yabbies (Cherax albidus). Some of the factors that influence how the system will perform may become more prevalent, like suspended clay turbidity and the associated role of light intensity in species interactions, or shelter complexity and the resulting choice of shelter material. But overall, they are the same basic variables and we must understand how they affect the particular multi-species system that we are dealing with. There is a lot to be learned from the literature on how these variables affect multi-species aquatic environments in the wild. Perhaps aquaculturists have not considered this enough in the past. Some farmers seem to believe that these variables are different JUST because it is a culture system. This is not true.The variables will take on different levels in a culture system (i.e. a manager will stimulate turbidity, provide artificial feeds, stock different sizes, and supply particular types of shelter) BUT the actual variables themselves (e.g. food, density, light, shelter) are basic to ALL aquatic ecosystems. Other researchers have looked at important factors like density, gender, and light intensity / turbidity in crayfish polysystems - but the issue of habitat complexity and the role of shelter has not been adequately addressed. This thesis will investigate some basic questions about shelter and endeavour to apply them to crayfish polysystems, with the emphasis on marron (C. tenuimanus) and yabbies (C. albidus) because these are the two most commercially important species of crayfish in Western Australia. Importantly, it should be noted that due to the invasive nature of yabbies, and their apparent ability to displace native marron in the wild, findings will be related to yabby-marron competition / displacement where relevant. We need to know many things about shelter: what type is best in a multi-species system? Should the shelter size match the crayfish size? Do marron have different requirements for shelter than yabbies? Does it matter who gets first use of a shelter (i.e. prior residence effect)? Can we learn about crayfish shelter requirements by examining the behaviour / plasticity of crayfish species? If crayfish are stocked with finfish and they retreat into shelter as a predator-avoidance measure, is the complexity important given that their densities will be higher? If densities of crayfish inside shelters are higher in polysystems, will cannibalism be a concern, particularly when conditions are right for moulting? Does visual recognition and / or chemo-detection of a predator affect the shelter usage by marron or yabbies?
Does temperature affect shelter usage behaviour for a burrowing species like yabbies? Shelter is an important factor in the life history of a freshwater crayfish and an understanding of its influence on different species is important for maximising system performance. Crayfish are categorised depending on their ability to construct shelters (i.e. burrows). Yabbies have evolved in systems with fluctuating water quality and many predators and, as such, have learned to burrow (to escape drought and also to escape predators). Marron, on the other hand, are a non-burrowing native crayfish species that have existed with relatively few predators in the South-West. As a result, marron are less capable of modifying their behaviour when confronted with a predator (i.e. low behavioural plasticity). Species with high plasticity, like yabbies, are more capable of adapting to new environments, because they can change their behaviour to increase their chance of survival. Therefore we can expect yabbies and marron to utilize habitats differently and we should compare these behaviours as a basis to developing management strategies. This type of knowledge may also assist with managing the translocation and spread of yabbies in the wild and their displacement of native marron.Within multi-species systems, the physical structure of shelter plays an important role inprotecting crayfish and the perfect shelter would not only provide safety from co-stocked finfish, but also from conspecific cannibalism. Given the different life histories and behaviours, it is probable that both species of crayfish will have different refuge requirements.Over the course of this four-year investigation, trials were conducted in four culture systems (72L aquariums, 300L circular tanks, 80t mesocosm tank, and 720m2 earthen ponds) using marron and yabbies as the species of interest.
Silver perch and Murray cod were chosen as the finfish species of interest as they appear to have the highest aquaculture potential for native freshwater finfish in Australia at the present time. Further, both of these fish have been documented as potential predators of crayfish, resulting in a challenge to understand the role of shelter in minimising the negative effects of fish-crayfish interactions within a polysystem. This study has confirmed that shelter plays a critical role in multi-species system dynamics. In the case of polysystems, it will affect both interspecific and intra-specific interactions, ultimately governing production and profitability, along with the other, previously defined factors. This means that the manager of a polysystem can influenceproductivity by understanding: a) the behavioural characteristics and biology of the crayfish; b) the feeding biology of the finfish; and c) the system variables (both biotic and abiotic) that will affect the overall well being of the fish and crayfish. In the case ofshelter, the manager should understand the available shelter types, the appropriatedensities, the importance of matching complexity to the crayfish size, and the prior residence effect when choosing a timing strategy for stocking and harvesting. Prior residence increased resource holding potential for both marron and yabbies in the short term. In fact, prior residence was a stronger determinant of successful sheltering than crayfish gender or species. However, in longer-term trials the physical size of the crayfish (larger animals evicted smaller animals) and reproductive status (berried females were successful at evicting all other crayfish) were more important factors in determining successful shelter acquisition, although the temporal variations (i.e. growth and release of young) complicate the issue.
When stocking crayfish of different sizes, and in polysystems, the correct size of shelter becomes critical, as smaller individuals will be forced to leave over-sized shelter and locate a shelter commensurate with their own body size to avoid predators. This is relevant to crayfish nurseries where complex habitat is paramount for juvenile cohorts that display variation in sizes and gender. The expansion of crayfish polyculture holds considerable promise; however, furtherinvestigations are required into shelter complexity within floating fish cages, shelter types and arrangement of shelters within ponds (for increased production and ease-of-harvesting), potential of yabbies in polyculture (comparison of monosex and hybrid strains), and the impact of shelter on escape behaviour of marron in a polysystem.
9
Danechvar-Kakhi, Mahmoud. "L'intraconsommation de céréales pour l'alimentation animale dans les exploitations de polyculture-élevage françaises." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010027.
Full textAbstract:
Surproduction et degradation du revenu des cerealiculteurs sont des problemes majeurs de la politique agricole francaise. L'alimentation animale avec 60% des utilisations demeure de loin le premier debouche d'une production cerealiere en forte croissance, plus de la moitie de cet usage est intraconsommee. Son utilisation comme intrant de la production animale dans la meme ferme est un phenomene mal connu car considere comme la survivance d'une pratique ancienne. L'intraconsommation, par les economies realisees, peut donner aux cereales une plus grande competitivite par rapport aux produits de substitution. Son developpement, encourage par la cee, semble contribuer a un meilleur equilibre du marche cerealier. Est-elle un vestige du passe ou une solution d'avenir? peut-elle fournir des solutions aux problemes de debouches, de revenu et de la baisse des prix? plusieurs approches ont ete mises en oeuvre : les methodes d'analyse des donnees cherchent a caracteriser les exploitations pratiquant l'intraconsommation. La modelisation par une approche econometrique et un programme lineaire, appliquee a l'elevage laitier breton, essaie de determiner le mecanisme et les effets des variations des prix sur le volume de l'intraconsommation. Les resultats permettent de comparer ces deux methodes souvent presentees comme antagonistes, et de montrer les limites et les avantages de chacune. Ils convergent vers une plus grande intraconsommation. Il s'agit la d'une premiere contribution a la determination des indicateurs de ce debouche important dans un contexte de surproduction cerealiere.
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Luong, Cong trung. "Polyculture crevette Litopenaeus stylirostris (Stimpson, 1974) et poisson Siganus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1835) : faisabilité technique et effets sur le fonctionnement écologique des bassins d'élevage de crevettes." Thesis, Nouvelle Calédonie, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NCAL0059/document.
Full textAbstract:
L’aquaculture de la crevette bleue Litopenaeus stylirostris représente une activité profitable enNouvelle-Calédonie. Cependant, elle doit faire face à deux maladies bactériennes saisonnières quidiminuent les rendements et menacent le développement aquacole. D'après la littérature, lapolyculture avec des poissons pourrait diminuer l'occurrence des maladies, prévenir la dégradation del'environnement et au final augmenter la production des bassins. Cette étude porte sur la faisabilitéd'élever en bassins L. stylirostris avec Siganus lineatus. Les objectifs majeurs ont été 1) d’estimer lacapacité de S. lineatus à s’adapter aux bassins et d’évaluer les performances de croissance, 2)d’estimer la faisabilité technique de la polyculture de L. stylirostris avec S. lineatus et 3) d’estimer leseffets de cette polyculture sur les performances zootechniques des deux espèces et sur lefonctionnement écologiques des bassins par comparaison avec leur monoculture.Pour répondre au premier objectif, Siganus lineatus (5.7g) a été mis en culture à des densités de 7, 14et 21 poissons.m-2 en système clos. Après 8 semaines de culture, les performances de croissance de S.lineatus ont été similaires quelles que soient les densités. S. lineatus peut donc bien s’adapter etcroître dans ces systèmes clos, même à des températures basses, proches de 20°C, et à forte densité.Les fortes densités n’ont pas eu d’effets négatifs sur la croissance, mais sont à l’origine d’unedétérioration des conditions environnementales suite à un apport plus marqué en aliment générantdavantage de déchets organiques. En conséquence, une mortalité de S. lineatus peut apparaître lorsquela concentration en oxygène descend en dessous des 2 mg.L-1.Pour atteindre le 2ème et le 3ème objectif, une seconde expérience a montré que l’ajout de S. lineatus(25.5 g) à une culture de crevettes (2.9 g; 15 crevettes.m-2) à des densités de 0, 1.2 et 2.4 poissons.m-2n’a pas affecté les performances zooetchniques de L. stylirostris sur cette première phase d'élevage.La survie de S. lineatus a été de 100% et sa croissance a été similaire quelle que soit sa densité. Laproduction combinée totale pour les traitements polyculture a augmenté de 47 – 106 % et les indicesde conversions diminuent de 31.6 – 47.7% en comparaison avec le traitement "monoculture decrevettes". L'ajout de S. Lineatus n'a pas eu d'effets significatifs sur la production primaire, larespiration, les flux dissous et particulaires à l'interface eau-sédiment de l'écosystème bassin.Dans une troisième expérience, avec des biomasses initiales plus élevées de L. stylirostris (14 g) de156 g.m-2 en polyculture avec S. lineatus (19 g) (80 g.m-2) et de 237 g.m-2 en monoculture, nous avonsobservé une forte mortalité des crevettes. Inversement, avec des biomasses initiales de S. lineatus (19g) de 155 g.m-2 en polyculture avec L. stylirostris (14 g) (81 g.m-2) et de 235 g.m-2 en monoculture,nous avons montré une augmentation de la biomasse de S. lineatus. En utilisant l'aliment pour sapropre croissance non utilisé par les crevettes, S. lineatus est ainsi capable de limiter l'impact dû àl'eutrophisation de l'écosystème bassin.Les résultats des analyses isotopiques montrent que l'aliment n'est pas une source majeure de carbonepour L. stylirostris et S. lineatus alors qu'il l'est pour l'azote. Le biotope, en y incluant la matièreorganique des sédiments et la matière organique particulaire dans la colonne d'eau est la principalesource de carbone pour les deux espèces et une source secondaire pour l'azote.Pour conclure, S. lineatus est un candidat potentiel pour la culture commercialeBlue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris farming is a major and profitable activity of aquaculture industryin New Caledonia. However, it is facing two seasonal bacterial diseases, which decrease rearedshrimp yield and threaten the sustainability of the aquaculture development. As reported by theliterature, polyculture with fish would have the potential to decrease the impact of these kind ofdiseases, prevent the deterioration of the environment and to increase the production of the ponds. Thefeasibility of L. stylirostris and Siganus lineatus polyculture in earthen ponds was carried out in thisstudy. The main objectives were 1) to estimate the adaptive capacity and growth performance of S.lineatus, and the environmental variations in a closed culture system, 2) to estimate the technicalfeasibility of L. stylirostris and S. lineatus polyculture, and 3) to estimate the effects of L. stylirostrisand S. lineatus polyculture on zootechnical performances and pond ecology in comparison withmonoculture of these species.To answer to the first objective, Siganus lineatus (5.7g) was stocked at 7, 14 and 21 fish.m-2 in aclosed culture system. After 8 weeks of culture period, S. lineatus growth performance was similarbetween all densities. S. lineatus could well adapt and grow in a closed system, even at lowtemperature, ca. 20oC and high stocking density, 21 fish.m-2. High stocking density did not havenegative effects on S. lineatus growth performance, but could cause the environmental deteriorationdue to increased nutrient input and accumulated organic wastes in the culture system. Asconsequence, S. lineatus could die when water oxygen depleted to below 2 mg.L-1.To reach the second and the third objective, a second experiment showed that adding S. lineatus (25.5g) to L. stylirostris (2.9 g) culture system (15 shrimp.m-2) at 1.2 and 2.4 fish.m-2 did not affect L.stylirostris zootechnical performance during the first stage of the rearing. S. lineatus gained 100% ofsurvival and similar growth performance in all densities. The polyculture system increased totalcombined production by 47 – 106 % and reduced FCR by 31.6 – 47.7% compared with those inshrimp monoculture. The addition of S. lineatus to the culture system did not have significantlyeffects on the gross primary productivity, the respiration, the nutrient and particulates fluxes at thewater-sediment interface of the pond ecosystem.In a third experiment, using higher stocking biomasses of L. stylirostris (14 g) at 156 g.m-2 in apolyculture with S. lineatus (19 g) (80 g.m-2) and at 237 g.m-2 in shrimp monoculture, we observed ahigh shrimp mortality. Conversely, stocking biomasses of S. lineatus (19 g) at 155 g.m-2 in apolyculture with L. stylirostris (14 g) (81 g.m-2) and at 235 g.m-2 in monoculture resulted in increasesof S. lineatus biomasses. This study showed that polyculture using S. lineatus is able to reduce organicwastes and nutrient release by consumption uneaten feed and retention input nutrients in biomass thatcontribute to limit the impact of the pond ecosystem eutrophication.Results of stable isotope analyses showed that the used pellet feed was not a major carbon source, butwas an important nitrogen source for both L. stylirostris and S. lineatus. Natural biota, includingsediment organic matter and particulate organic matter, was a main carbon source and represented asa secondary nitrogen source for both species.It may be concluded that S. lineatus is a suitable candidate for commercial culture in bothmonoculture and polyculture with L. stylirostris in earthen pond. Polyculture should be a properapproach that could partly contribute to sustainable development of aquaculture, but needs specificresearch to optimize the trophic status of the reared species
Books on the topic "Polyculture"
1
Bank Indonesia. Kantor Banda Aceh. Laporan studi kelayakan budidaya perikanan tambak menggunakan metode polyculture. Banda Aceh]: Kantor Bank Indonesia Banda Aceh, 2007.
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2
D, Van Gorder Steven, and Rodale Research Center, eds. The effects of polyculture and fertilization in recirculating systems: Summer 1984. [Kutztown, PA]: Aquaculture Dept., Rodale Research Center, Rodale Press, Inc., 1985.
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3
Thomas, Moth-Poulsen, Péteri András, and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, eds. Carp polyculture in Central and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia: A manual. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010.
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4
Kuntiyo. Comparative study between mono and polyculture systems on the production of prawn and milkfish in brackishwater [sic.] ponds. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization, 1988.
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5
Edible perennial gardening: Growing successful polycultures in small spaces. Hampshire, United Kingdom: Permanent Publications, 2014.
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6
Polyculture Gardening for Beginners. Independently Published, 2021.
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7
Levin, John-Eric M. Land-based polyculture of marine macroalgae and Pacific salmon. 1990.
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8
Levin, John-Eric M. Land-based polyculture of marine macroalgae and Pacific salmon. 1990.
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9
Frey, Darrell, and Michelle Czolba. Food Forest Handbook: Design and Manage a Home-Scale Perennial Polyculture Garden. New Society Publishers, Limited, 2017.
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10
Frey, Darrell, and Michelle Czolba. Food Forest Handbook: Design and Manage a Home-Scale Perennial Polyculture Garden. New Society Publishers, Limited, 2017.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Polyculture"
1
Stickney, Robert R. "Polyculture polyculture in Aquaculture." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 8201–4. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_176.
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Stickney, Robert R. "Polyculture polyculture in Aquaculture." In Sustainable Food Production, 1366–68. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_176.
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Frank, J. Howard, J. Howard Frank, Michael C. Thomas, Allan A. Yousten, F. William Howard, Robin M. Giblin-davis, John B. Heppner, et al. "Polyculture." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2986–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_3039.
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Fitzsimmons, Kevin M., and Erfan Shahkar. "Tilapia-Shrimp Polyculture." In Tilapia in Intensive Co-culture, 94–113. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118970652.ch7.
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Kumar, Dilip. "Carp Polyculture in India." In Recent Advances and New Species in Aquaculture, 334–67. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444341775.ch12.
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Adamczewska-Sowińska, Katarzyna, and Józef Sowiński. "Polyculture Management: A Crucial System for Sustainable Agriculture Development." In Soil Health Restoration and Management, 279–319. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8570-4_8.
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Abeysiriwardana-Arachchige, I. S. A., W. Chapman, and N. Nirmalakhandan. "Algal Wastewater Treatment: Study of Polyculture in Fed-Batch Mode in a Winter Climate." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 107–15. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9749-3_10.
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Rosati, A., K. Barkaoui, and P. É. Lauri. "Towards Modern Olive Polycultures." In The Olive, 640–57. GB: CABI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247350.0027.
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Reyes, Claro de los, Marion Lopez, and Amikogaabawiikwe. "Playmaking through polycultural partnerships." In Applied Theatre with Youth, 22–26. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003039419-4.
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Ouizgane, Anouar, Sana Farid, Fatim Ezzahra Majdoubi, Mohammed Droussi, and Mustapha Hasnaoui. "Evolution of Earthen Pond Water Chemical and Physical Parameters in Polyculture System (Case of Nile Tilapia, Largemouth Bass, Chinese Carps) at Deroua Fisheries Station (Fkih Ben Saleh, Morocco)." In Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions, 1429–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70548-4_417.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Polyculture"
1
Adebola, Simeon, and Ken Goldberg. "Assisting Polyculture Farming in Africa." In 2021 IEEE AFRICON. IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/africon51333.2021.9570957.
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Presten, Mark, Rishi Parikh, Shrey Aeron, Sandeep Mukherjee, Simeon Adebola, Satvik Sharma, Mark Theis, Walter Teitelbaum, and Ken Goldberg. "Automated Pruning of Polyculture Plants." In 2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/case49997.2022.9926632.
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Kamat, Varun, Shrey Aeron, Anrui Gu, Harshika Jalan, Simeon Adebola, and Ken Goldberg. "PolyPoD: An Algorithm for Polyculture Seed Placement." In 2023 IEEE 19th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/case56687.2023.10260454.
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Polkovnikova, Natalia, Lyudmila Osipenko, and Sergey Lesin. "Folklore Tale for Young Children Precuring a Polyculture Textbook." In TSNI 2021 - Textbook: Focus on Students’ National Identity. Pensoft Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/ap.e4.e0699.
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Stroup, T., and S. Schwartzkopf. "Crop Interactions in Polyculture and their Implications for CELSS Design." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/921197.
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Muir, J. P., J. L. Foster, A. Falk, S. Weiss, W. D. Pitman, W. Alison, H. D. Naumann, et al. "Transitioning to Multiple-Use Polyculture Grassland-Derived Bioenergy Feedstock Systems." In XXV International Grassland Congress. Berea, KY 40403: International Grassland Congress 2023, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/071171-0404.
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Voicea, Iulian, Florin Nenciu, Mihai Matache, Remus Oprescu, and Vlad-Nicolae Arsenoaia. "Experimental research on production and use of floating pellets in fish feed in aquaculture systems." In 22nd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2023.22.tf043.
Full textAbstract:
Adequate nutrition practices are essential for the efficient production of superior goods in aquaculture systems. Nutrition is a key component in the aquaculture industry because feed constitutes about 50% of the variable expense of production. Fishmeal and fish oil have traditionally been the main primary materials used to support the aquaculture industry. They have largely been supplanted by plant-based raw materials, but specific techniques are needed to satisfy fish dietary needs. As aquaculture has expanded, people have been searching for alternative farming nutritional sources since fish meal and fish oil are produced from captured wild fish. Fish have different nutritional needs that rely on a variety of variables. This paper describes an experimental study that was completed on the production of pelletized complex feeds with high stability that were used in the feeding technology of some fish species grown in a polyculture system with recirculation and cyclic water supply. The purpose of feed formulation is to mix ingredients of different nutritional quality so as to obtain a balanced diet, which biologically available nutrient profile approximates the nutritional needs of the concerned species. In fish farms, the choice of feeder for different types of fish takes into account the following criteria: the level of stability in the water, the return on investment in feed, efficient conversion of feed and its attractiveness to fish. The high level of feed stability prevents feed losses and reduces water contamination. The results showed a high stability of the pellets associated with an important increase in the size of the fish raised in the polyculture system. Although each feeding recipe showed benefits for certain fish species, the R3 feeder was the optimal mix, leading to 43% average growth for all varieties and being considered the best option for polyculture systems.
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Avigal, Yahav, Anna Deza, William Wong, Sebastian Oehme, Mark Presten, Mark Theis, Jackson Chui, et al. "Learning Seed Placements and Automation Policies for Polyculture Farming with Companion Plants." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra48506.2021.9561431.
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Vasilyeva, L. M., Mahmud Elnakib, N. V. Sudakova, and A. Z. Anokhina. "POND REARING OF PADDLEFISH UNDERYEARLINGS IN STURGEON POLYCULTURE IN THE LOWER VOLGA RIVER REGION." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.429-432.
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The cultivation of paddlefish underyearlings in polyculture with sturgeons (hybrid bester) in fish ponds was studied. The hydrochemical and hydrobiological parameters in ponds during the cultivation were investigated. A comparative assessment of the growth rates of paddlefish and bester underyearlings during one and two cycles pond cultivation has been performed. The results obtained indicate that two cycles cultivation allows you to increase the weight of the paddlefish by more than 2 times, the bester - by 1.4 times, compared with one cycle.
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Hang, Xiaoshuai, Fei He, and Fangqun Gan. "Construction and application of a water recycling system in crab–crayfish polyculture purification." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Civil, Architecture and Environmental Engineering (ICCAE2016). CRC Press/Balkema P.O. Box 11320, 2301 EH Leiden, The Netherlands: CRC Press/Balkema, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315116242-11.
Full textReports on the topic "Polyculture"
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Дирда, І. А., and З. П. Бакум. Linguodidactic fundamentals of the development of foreign students’ polycultural competence during the Ukrainian language training. Association 1901 "SEPIKE", 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/2994.
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The paper shows the analysis of scientists’ views to the definitions of terms “approaches to studying”,”principles”, “methods” and “techniques”. The development of foreign students’ polycultural competence is realized in particular approaches (competence, activity approach, personal oriented, polycultural approach); principles (communicative principle, principles of humanism, scientific nature, visual methods, systematicness and succession, consciousness, continuity and availability, individualization, text centrism, native language consideration, connection between theory and practice); usage of some methods (method of reading, direct, purposeful and comparative, purposeful and practical, communicative methods) and techniques (explanation of the teacher, usage of speech clichés, sound and letter analysis, etc.).
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Бакум, З. П., and І. А. Дирда. Linguodidactic Fundamentals of the Development of Foreign Students' Polycultural Competence During the Ukrainian Language Training. Криворізький державний педагогічний університет, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/398.
Full textAbstract:
The paper shows the analysis of scientists' views to the definitions of terms "approaches to studying", "principles", "methods" and "techniques". The development of foreign students' polycultural competence is realized in particular approaches (competence, activity approach, personal oriented, polycultural approach); principles (communicative principle, principles of humanism, scientific nature, visual methods, systematicness and succession, consciousness, continuity and availability, individualization, text centrism, native language consideration, connection between theory and practice); usage of some methods (method of reading, direct, purposeful and comparative, purposeful and practical, communicative methods) and techniques (explanation of the teacher, usage of speech clichés, sound and letter analysis, etc).