Academic literature on the topic 'POLYACRYLAMIDE-GUAR GUM'
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Journal articles on the topic "POLYACRYLAMIDE-GUAR GUM"
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Dutta, Koushik, Beauty Das, Dipankar Mondal, Arpita Adhikari, Dipak Rana, Atis Kumar Chattopadhyay, Rajdeb Banerjee, Roshnara Mishra, and Dipankar Chattopadhyay. "An ex situ approach to fabricating nanosilica reinforced polyacrylamide grafted guar gum nanocomposites as an efficient biomaterial for transdermal drug delivery application." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 17 (2017): 9461–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nj01713h.
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Nayak, B?R, and R?P Singh. "Comparative studies on the flocculation characteristics of polyacrylamide grafted guar gum and hydroxypropyl guar gum." Polymer International 50, no. 8 (2001): 875–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.708.
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Abdel-Halim, E. S., M. H. El-Rafie, and Salem S. Al-Deyab. "Polyacrylamide/guar gum graft copolymer for preparation of silver nanoparticles." Carbohydrate Polymers 85, no. 3 (June 2011): 692–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.03.039.
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Musa, Tagwa A., Ahmed F. Ibrahim, Hisham A. Nasr-El-Din, and Anas M. Hassan. "New insights into guar gum as environmentally friendly polymer for enhanced oil recovery in high-salinity and high-temperature sandstone reservoirs." Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 11, no. 4 (February 1, 2021): 1905–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13202-020-01080-3.
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AbstractChemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes are usually used as additives for hydrocarbon production due to its simplicity and relatively reasonable additional production costs. Polymer flooding uses polymer solutions to increase oil recovery by decreasing the water/oil mobility ratio by increasing the viscosity of the displacing water. The commonly used synthetic water-soluble polymer in EOR application is partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM). However, synthetic polymers in general are not attractive because of high cost, environmental concerns, limitation in high temperature, and high-salinity environment. Guar gum is an environmentally friendly natural water-soluble polymer available in large quantities in many countries and widely used in various applications in the oil and gas industry especially in drilling fluids and hydraulic fracturing operations; however, very limited studies investigated on guar as a polymer for EOR and no any study investigated on its uses in high-temperature and high -salinity reservoirs. The objective of this study is to confirm the use of guar gum as a natural polymer for EOR applications in sandstone reservoirs and investigate its applicability for high-temperature and high-salinity reservoirs. The study experimentally investigated rheological characteristics of a natural polymer obtained from guar gum with consideration of high temperature (up to 210 °F) and high salinity (up to 20% NaCl) and tested the guar solution as EOR polymer. The results of this study show that the guar solution can be used as an environmentally friendly polymer to enhance oil recovery. Based on the results, it can be concluded that guar gum shows shear-thinning behavior and strongly susceptible to microbial degradation but also shows a very good properties stability in high temperature and salinity, where in low shear rate case, about 100 cp viscosity can be achieved at 210 °F for polymer prepared in deionized water. Guar polymer shows good viscosity in the presence of 20% NaCl where the viscosity is acceptable for temperature less than 190 °F. Also, the flooding experiment shows that the recovery factor can be increased by 16%.
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Ni, Weijun, Yubo Lian, Yan Wei, Bo Zheng, Man Liu, Le Qu, and Ling Zhou. "Fenton-like oxidation of Hydroxypropyl guar gum catalysed by Cu(II) complex at high pH." E3S Web of Conferences 329 (2021): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132901005.
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Large amounts of wastewater containing hydroxypropyl guar gum (HPGG), polyacrylamide (PAM) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are produced in the process of fracturing. In the work, a Fentonlike system in the presence of H2O2 was employed to degrade wastewater. The effects of oxidant concentration, catalyst dosage, the temperature and pH on the degradation efficiency of the polymer were studied in detail. Results showed that the prepared complex (Cu(II)L) exhibited a great catalytic effects in the range of pH 7-12. It was also found that under the conditions of 45℃ and pH=10, when the amount of H2O2 was 5.0% (mass ratio to hydroxypropyl guar gum) and the amount of Cu (II)L complex was 10%, HPGG had a great reduction rate, and its viscosity value can be reduced from 18 to 6.47.
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Berdugo-Clavijo, Carolina, Gabrielle Scheffer, Arindom Sen, and Lisa M. Gieg. "Biodegradation of Polymers Used in Oil and Gas Operations: Towards Enzyme Biotechnology Development and Field Application." Polymers 14, no. 9 (May 3, 2022): 1871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14091871.
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Linear and crosslinked polymers are commonly used in the oil and gas industry. Guar-derived polymers have been extensively utilized in hydraulic fracturing processes, and recently polyacrylamide and cellulose-based polymers have also found utility. As these polymers are used during various phases of the hydraulic fracturing process, they can accumulate at formation fracture faces, resulting in undesired filter cakes that impede oil and gas recovery. Although acids and chemical oxidizers are often added in the fracturing fluids to degrade or ‘break’ polymer filter cakes, the constant use of these chemicals can be hazardous and can result in formation damage and corrosion of infrastructure. Alternately, the use of enzymes is an attractive and environmentally friendly technology that can be used to treat polymer accumulations. While guar-linkage-specific enzyme breakers isolated from bacteria have been shown to successfully cleave guar-based polymers and decrease their molecular weight and viscosity at reservoir conditions, new enzymes that target a broader range of polymers currently used in hydraulic fracturing operations still require research and development for effective application. This review article describes the current state-of-knowledge on the mechanisms and enzymes involved in biodegradation of guar gum, polyacrylamide (and hydrolyzed polyacrylamide), and carboxymethyl cellulose polymers. In addition, advantages and challenges in the development and application of enzyme breaker technologies are discussed.
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Quezada, Gonzalo R., Williams Leiva, Jorge H. Saavedra, Pedro Robles, Edelmira Gálvez, and Ricardo I. Jeldres. "A Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Polymers’ Interactions with Kaolinite (010) Surfaces in Saline Solutions." Polymers 14, no. 18 (September 15, 2022): 3851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14183851.
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The search for polymers that meet the demands of the water recovery process in mining is a contingent challenge. Both the presence of clays and saline waters can impair water recovery from tailings when conventional flocculants are used. In this work, the adsorption of polyacrylamide (PAM), hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid) (PAMPS), polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyethylene oxide (PEO), and guar gum (GUAR) on a kaolinite surface (010) was investigated using classical molecular dynamics. The results show that the presence of sodium chloride modifies the affinities of the polymers with kaolinite (010). At low salt concentrations, the PAM and GUAR polymers generally show higher adsorption due to the formation of hydrogen bridges. However, the highest adsorptions occur in salt solutions in the presence of HPAM by cationic bridging with sodium ions as a mediator. This high affinity of HPAM is not efficient for flocculation because it re-disperses the particles, but it is promising for the design of new additives produced by grafting HPAM groups onto advanced polymers.
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Gupta, Pawan, Vishnu Chandrasekharan Nair, and Jitendra S. Sangwai. "Phase Equilibrium of Methane Hydrate in Aqueous Solutions of Polyacrylamide, Xanthan Gum, and Guar Gum." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 64, no. 4 (April 2019): 1650–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.8b01194.
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Mahmoud, R. "Investigation of Partially Methylolated Polyacrylamide Guar Gum by FTIR and Thermal Properties." British Journal of Applied Science & Technology 17, no. 6 (January 10, 2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjast/2016/28761.
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Zhu, Jingjing, Shuang Guan, Qianqian Hu, Guanghui Gao, Kun Xu, and Pixin Wang. "Tough and pH-sensitive hydroxypropyl guar gum/polyacrylamide hybrid double-network hydrogel." Chemical Engineering Journal 306 (December 2016): 953–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.08.026.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "POLYACRYLAMIDE-GUAR GUM"
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SOLANKI, RAHUL. "PREPARATION AND ANALYSIS OF POLY (ACRYLAMIDE-GUAR GUM) HYDROGEL." Thesis, 2020. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/18319.
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As we as a whole know the significance of green science combination and portrayal of
ecological benevolent changed regular polymers is need of time. These regular polysaccharides
additionally dispose of the risk to wellbeing and condition. Guar gum is one of the significant
normally happening polymer having wide applications because of its rheological adjusting
properties in therapeutic, pharmaceutical, food, material and scores of other modern and business
divisions.
There has been wide investigation on physiochemical and pharmaceutical properties of guar gum
yet concentrate on adjusted guar gum and its subsidiaries are very inadequate. Unmodified guar
gum has certain downsides like absence of lucidity and free streaming properties, fall in
thickness and turbidity on draw out remain, and so on. These disadvantages can be overwhelmed
by altering and derivatives of guar gum and can be utilized in multidiscipline fields.
In this work I have all set hydrogels of Polyacrylamide-Guar gum hydrogels using
glutaraldehyde as cross linker and potassium persulphate as initiator. Hydrogels with varying
concentration of cross linker and guar gum were prepared and their swelling with admiration to
time and temperature were studied. The effect of concentration of cross linker and guar gum on
the inflammation of the hydrogel was calculated.
The hydrogels were described by FTIR spectroscopy and TGA. Percentage swelling was chosen
as the parameter for deciding the paramount hydrogel in each series of the guar gum
concentration.
The hydrogels showed considerable swelling and also the swelling exponent was found to be in
the range of 0.919-0.997 thus, indicating the non-fickian diffusion mechanism. The regression
coefficient was found to be 0.992-0.995.
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GARG, PIYUSH. "STUDIES ON HYDROGELS BASED ON POLYACRYLAMIDE AND GUAR GUM DERIVATIVES." Thesis, 2013. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/15677.
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As we all know the importance of green chemistry synthesis and characterization of environmental friendly modified natural polymers is need of time. These natural polysaccharides also eliminates the danger to health and environment. Guar gum is one of the important naturally occurring polymer having wide applications due to its rheological modifying properties in medicinal, pharmaceutical, food, textile and scores of other industrial and commercial sectors. There has been wide study on physiochemical and pharmaceutical properties of guar gum but study on modified guar gum and its derivatives are quite lacking. Unmodified guar gum has certain drawbacks like lack of clarity and free flowing properties, fall in viscosity and turbidity on prolong stay, etc. These draw backs can be overcome by modifying and derivatization of guar gum and can be used in multidiscipline fields.
In this work we are preparing blend biodegradable interpenetrating polymer networks(IPNs) hydrogels using polymers both from natural sources and synthetic ones i.e Carboxymethyl guar gum along with Polyacrylamide with varying concentrations of carboxymethyl guargum and evaluate their properties, characteristics and their potential applications in different areas of biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Characterization of synthesized hydrogels is carried out using different characterization techniques like FTIR & SEM. Other studies such as swelling studies and their physical properties like compression strength using UTM have also been evaluated.
The blend hydrogels also exhibited the improved mechanical properties compared to those of homopolymers. The Carboxymethylated Guar Gum/Polyacrylamide blended hydrogels with the capacity of absorbing a high amount of water is also evaluated for its drug release profile at different pH. The drug used in this study was the ciprofloxacin hydrochloride. Release kinetics of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride from swollen polyacrylamide/carboxymethyl guargum cross-linked hydrogels in aqueous media have been successfully studied.
Conference papers on the topic "POLYACRYLAMIDE-GUAR GUM"
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Siddiqui, Farhan, and Arezoo Emrani. "A Novel Green Friction Reducer That Helps to Achieve the Goals of ESG Standards." In SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213802-ms.
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Abstract Large volumes of treatment fluid are required to contact an adequate surface area of shale formations for the economic production of hydrocarbons. These large-volume fracturing treatments are accomplished by pumping at very high down-hole rates to create adequate fracture volume and for sufficient proppant transportation. Polyacrylamide-based friction reducers (FR) are implemented to minimize the friction in the wellbore in shale/tight reservoirs for stimulation and drilling processes. They reduce turbulence and decrease friction losses. However, these polyacrylamide-based friction reducers are limited by poor water quality tolerance, which negatively affects proppant carrying capacity. This work aims to introduce a novel formula for a green friction reducer, which will serve to both decrease costs and enhance retained conductivity. The new technology described in this paper is used to produce a friction reducer that helps to achieve the goals of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) standards. Similar to guar gum, the new friction reducer can be utilized as a linear gel, or it can be crosslinked to enhance its viscosity, making it ideal for proppant transportation and the protection of surface equipment. It is worth noting that the presence of iron in water can have an adverse effect on the rheology and friction of both conventional and high viscosity friction reducers (HVFR). The research findings demonstrate the proposed product's effectiveness, even in water containing exceptionally high concentrations of ferric iron (Fe+3). The study presents the results of employing a new friction-reducing polysaccharide that achieves comparable friction reduction to that of a polyacrylamide friction reducer while also enabling proppant suspension, akin to a crosslinked guar system. This innovative system is versatile and can be used with both fresh and saline water with high concentration of divalent and trivalent metal ions. This feature allows the operator to use any water source, thereby streamlining water analysis procedures before commencing a frac job. Results also show that the new product can produce less nitrogen compared to synthetic polymers which means that it can achieve ESG standards. The novel FR gives excellent retained permeability on cores when compared to guar gum and its derivatives. Experimental outcomes of this work also show that the new formulation can be broken by both oxidizing and enzyme breakers. Results show that the new friction reducer is biodegradable and environmentally friendly. Moreover, the use of the novel product will decrease the production of CO2 as compared to conventional FRs.
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Siddiqui, Farhan, and Arezoo Emrani. "A Novel Polysaccharide Friction Reducer That can be Used with Water of All Salinity Levels." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210207-ms.
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Abstract This work was carried out to compare a new system with synthetic polyacrylamide friction reducers used in the oil and gas industry. The most common friction reducers used for fracturing are anionic, and hence have limited use in high TDS brines especially in brines containing di and trivalent metal ions. When the new system is properly optimized, we were able to achieve a very efficient and low-cost carrier fluid that can give maximum friction reduction and effectively suspend proppant during a fracturing treatment. The new technology for unconventional fracturing is a versatile and multifunctional product that can be pumped with the traditional frac equipment used in the industry for pumping powdered dry guar gum on the fly. The main objective of this work is to develop a new friction reducer formulation to aim to reduce cost and improve retained conductivity. This product is shown to be Gulf of Mexico green and biodegradable. Conventional breakers can be used to break these fluids and give excellent retained permeability on cores. The new system gives good friction reduction even at a very small dosage of 1ppt to 4ppt or 0.25-1.0 gpt, and it can be used similarly to guar gum as a linear gel or can be crosslinked with boron to yield better viscosity and proppant transport. The presence of iron in water can seriously affect the rheology and friction of traditional friction reducers, high viscosity friction reducers, and even guar systems. Laboratory studies have shown that this new product is very effective even in water containing very high concentrations of Ferric iron. Case histories from wells treated with this system containing high divalent and trivalent metal ions confirm the laboratory findings. In countries where equipment to pump on the fly is not available, the new system can be used as a slurry also. This paper will present laboratory test results of using a new polysaccharide friction reducer with similar friction reduction to a Polyacrylamide Friction reducer and the proppant suspension of a crosslinked guar system. This system can be used with fresh or saline waters containing high concentrations of divalent and trivalent metal ions. This gives the operator the flexibility of using any water, and the water analysis step before a frac job can be eliminated.
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Zhou, Y., and S. N. Shah. "Rheological and Hydraulic Properties of Drilling, Completion, and Stimulation Fluids in Straight and Coiled Tubings." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32236.
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The rheological properties and friction pressure losses of several fluids that are most commonly used as well drilling, completion, and stimulation fluids have been investigated experimentally. These fluids include polymeric fluids – Xanthan gum, partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA), guar gum, and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), bentonite drilling mud, oil-based drilling mud, and guar-based fracturing slurries. Rheological measurements using a Bohlin CS 50 rheometer and a model 35 Fann viscometer showed that these fluids exhibit shear thinning and thermal thinning behavior except the bentonite drilling mud whose viscosity increased as the temperature was raised. Flow experiments using a full-scale coiled tubing test facility showed that the friction pressure loss in coiled tubing is significantly higher than in straight tubing. Since the polymeric fluids displayed drag reducing property, their drag reduction behavior in straight and coiled tubings was analyzed and compared. It was found that the drag reduction (DR) in coiled tubing is much lower than that in straight tubing. Plots of drag reduction vs. generalized Reynolds number indicate that the drag reduction in coiled tubing was not affected by polymer concentration as much as in straight tubing. The onsets of turbulence and drag reduction in coiled tubing were significantly delayed as compared with straight tubing. The effect of solids content on the friction pressure losses in coiled tubing is also briefly discussed.
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Liu, Songyuan, Chao-yu Sie, Fatee Malekahmadi, Bo Lu, Yifan Li, Cara Fan, Xinyue Zhang, Owen Serediak, Jelayne Fortin, and Ali Abedini. "Bioremediation Study on Formation Damage Caused by Hydraulic Fracturing: A Microfluidic Approach." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210089-ms.
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Abstract Hydraulic fracturing has been applied to unconventional reservoirs with low permeability to achieve higher productivity and economic potential. However, polyacrylamide-based friction reducer and guar gum, two of the most common components in fracturing fluid could cause formation damage by penetrating into the matrix and blocking the flow path. To regain the conductivity of the damaged area, a bioremediation method was developed and validated by a microfluidic approach. Modified nutrients were used to stimulate the indigenous bacteria that could consume or break the polymer residues. Indigenous bacteria were extracted from oil field produced water collected with customized anaerobic sampling kits which have been sterilized. Feasibility studies were conducted to investigate the indigenous bacteria activity with and without nutrient supply. Fracturing fluid, field water, and a modified nutrient recipe which contained 300 ppm of inorganic salts were loaded into anaerobic sample vials in a 140°F - 150°F incubator. Microfluidic tests were performed in 150°F oven with microfluidic chips designed and fabricated based on the topology of matrix networks. Fracturing fluids were injected into a chip saturated with field water to simulate formation damage. Remediation fluid consisting produced water, injection water and nutrient was injected into the chip. After two weeks soaking, 2% KCl brine was then injected into the chip at 200 nl/min until a stable pressure drop was achieved. Microscopic pictures were taken before and after soaking to demonstrate the polymer damage and the remediation of microfluidic chips. The indigenous bacteria were successfully stimulated with and without the existence of the friction reducer based on the results of feasibility tests. Microfluidic tests showed there is a significant difference in precipitations between the case with and without nutrient supply, which indicates that the bioremediation method could regain conductivity of the damaged formation. This work is novel research on bioremediation application in unconventional reservoirs with only indigenous bacteria involved. The customized sampling technology and laboratory approach could prevent contamination of other microbes and oxygen, which could improve the quality of the research. Microfluidic chip is a great simulation of porous media and a proof of concept between scientific hypothesis and field application which requires small sample size and provides good reproducibility. In field applications, only an extremely low amount of nutrient is required in this process which provide great economic potential. Additionally, the injected nutrients will be fully consumed by the bacteria which makes this technology is an Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) approach in energy industry.