Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pollution pattern

Academic literature on the topic 'Pollution pattern'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Pollution pattern"

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Chen, Hong, and Chun Yi Duan. "Research on the Pattern of Comprehensive Improvement of Small Watershed Pollution in Guangxi Province." Applied Mechanics and Materials 535 (February 2014): 394–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.535.394.

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This paper concern the difficulties of comprehensive improvement of small watershed pollution. There were some patterns of comprehensive improvement of small watershed pollution, which include industrial pollution, domestic pollution, non-point source polluting, and rural non-point source pollution in small watershed. We put out control measures of these pollution and long-term mechanism of mall basin pollution remediation
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Cai, Qixiang, and Xiaodong Yan. "Global pattern of pollution manufacturing index." Journal of Cleaner Production 286 (March 2021): 125497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125497.

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Saito, K., and S. Ogawa. "FRACTAL DIMENSIONS FOR RADIOISOTOPE POLLUTION PATTERNS BY NUCLEAR POWER PLANT ACCIDENTS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-7/W3 (April 30, 2015): 919–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-7-w3-919-2015.

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The radioisotope pollution shows two types of patterns: dry and wet deposits for nuclear power plant accidents. Two surface pollution patterns were analysed by fractal. In Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, surface pollution by wet deposits was estimated to occur. However, actually it was no rain and white crystals were observed on the surface. Then, fractal analysis was carried out for the spatial distribution patterns of radio isotopes on the surface to judge the types of deposits. As a reference, Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident was checked for the spatial distribution patterns of radioisotopes on the surface. The objective patterns by fractal analysis were the surface pollution maps in Fukushima and Chernobyl, Abukuma river watershed map, and NOAA/AVHRR. The calculation of fractal dimensions was carried out with the box counting for binarized images. Fractal analysis results suggested the next conclusions. The radioisotope pollution in Fukushima might occur in both dry and wet deposits. The dry deposit might make the pollution pattern similar to the watershed, while the wet deposit might make the pollution pattern similar to cloud images. Moreover, most radioisotope contaminants might flow on the road in the forest valley and deposit on forest with and without rainfall in Fukushima.
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Yu, Hao, Qingquan Jia, Ning Wang, and Haiyan Dong. "A Data-Driven Modeling Strategy for Smart Grid Power Quality Coupling Assessment Based on Time Series Pattern Matching." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2765945.

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This study introduces a data-driven modeling strategy for smart grid power quality (PQ) coupling assessment based on time series pattern matching to quantify the influence of single and integrated disturbance among nodes in different pollution patterns. Periodic and random PQ patterns are constructed by using multidimensional frequency-domain decomposition for all disturbances. A multidimensional piecewise linear representation based on local extreme points is proposed to extract the patterns features of single and integrated disturbance in consideration of disturbance variation trend and severity. A feature distance of pattern (FDP) is developed to implement pattern matching on univariate PQ time series (UPQTS) and multivariate PQ time series (MPQTS) to quantify the influence of single and integrated disturbance among nodes in the pollution patterns. Case studies on a 14-bus distribution system are performed and analyzed; the accuracy and applicability of the FDP in the smart grid PQ coupling assessment are verified by comparing with other time series pattern matching methods.
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Borah, Anindita, and Bhabesh Nath. "An Efficient Method for Mining Rare Association Rules: A Case Study on Air Pollution." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 30, no. 04 (June 2021): 2150018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213021500184.

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Most pattern mining techniques almost singularly focus on identifying frequent patterns and very less attention has been paid to the generation of rare patterns. However, in several domains, recognizing less frequent but strongly related patterns have greater advantage over the former ones. Identification of compelling and meaningful rare associations among such patterns may proved to be significant for air quality management that has become an indispensable task in today’s world. The rare correlations between air pollutants and other parameters may aid in restricting the air pollution to a manageable level. To this end, efficient and competent rare pattern mining techniques are needed that can generate the complete set of rare patterns, further identifying significant rare association rules among them. Moreover, a notable issue with databases is their continuous update over time due to the addition of new records. The users requirement or behavior may change with the incremental update of databases that makes it difficult to determine a suitable support threshold for the extraction of interesting rare association rules. This paper, presents an efficient rare pattern mining technique to capture the complete set of rare patterns from a real environmental dataset. The proposed approach does not restart the entire mining process upon threshold update and generates the complete set of rare association rules in a single database scan. It can effectively perform incremental mining and also provides flexibility to the user to regulate the value of support threshold for generating the rare patterns. Significant rare association rules representing correlations between air pollutants and other environmental parameters are further extracted from the generated rare patterns to identify the substantial causes of air pollution. Performance analysis shows that the proposed method is more efficient than existing rare pattern mining approaches in providing significant directions to the domain experts for air pollution monitoring.
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Lavine, B. K., A. Stine, and H. T. Mayfield. "Gas chromatography-pattern recognition techniques in pollution monitoring." Analytica Chimica Acta 277, no. 2 (May 1993): 357–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(93)80448-t.

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Wu, Xiangmei (May), Zhihua (Tina) Fan, and Pamela Ohman-Strickland. "Time-Location Patterns of a Population Living in an Air Pollution Hotspot." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2010 (2010): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/625461.

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This study characterized the time-location pattern of 107 residents living in air pollution hotspots, the Waterfront South and Copewood/Davis Streets communities in Camden, NJ. Most residents in the two communities are minority and impoverished individuals. Results showed that employment status played the fundamental role in determining time-location patterns of this study population, and the variations of time-location pattern by season and by day-type were partially attributed to employment status. Compared to the National Human Activity Pattern Survey, the Camden cohort spent significantly more time outdoors (3.8 hours versus 1.8 hours) and less time indoors (19.4 hours versus 20.9 hours) than the general US population, indicating a higher risk of exposure to ambient air pollution for the Camden cohort. The findings of the study are important for understanding exposure routes and sources for the socioeconomically disadvantaged subgroup and ultimately help develop effective strategies to reduce community exposure to ambient air pollution in “hotspots”.
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Mityagina, Marina I., Olga Yu Lavrova, and Andrey G. Kostianoy. "Main Pattern of the Caspian Sea Surface Oil Pollution Revealed by Satellite Data." Ecologica Montenegrina 25 (November 8, 2019): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2019.25.9.

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Over the years, oil pollution has been the primary environmental problem of the Caspian Sea. In this paper, we present the results of our satellite survey in 2019 of the whole aquatic area of the Caspian Sea. These results reveal the spatial and temporal distribution of hydrocarbon films of various origins on the sea surface. Our primary attention was focused on the main types of petroleum hydrocarbon films polluting the sea surface. They get into the aquatic area via several different ways: (i) from natural marine hydrocarbon emissions from the seabed; (ii) from the mouths of numerous mud volcanoes; (iii) from offshore oil production and transportation; (iv) from oily wastewaters discharged by ships. We mapped the petroleum hydrocarbon pollution of the Caspian Sea surface on the base of satellite data. For each type of pollution, specific manifestation features were revealed, regions of regular pollution occurrence were outlined, and polluted areas were estimated. The relative contribution of every kind of pollution to the total oil pollution of the Caspian Sea is assessed on the base of satellite data. Comparison with the previous results of our long-term survey of the Caspian Sea is made. The problem of reliability of quantitative estimates of surfaced oil volumes on the base of slick areas seen in the satellite images is discussed.
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Yin, Zhicong, Bufan Cao, and Huijun Wang. "Dominant patterns of summer ozone pollution in eastern China and associated atmospheric circulations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 22 (November 20, 2019): 13933–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13933-2019.

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Abstract. Surface ozone has been severe during summers in the eastern parts of China, damaging human health and flora and fauna. During 2015–2018, ground-level ozone pollution increased and intensified from south to north. In North China and the Huanghuai region, the O3 concentrations were highest. Two dominant patterns of summer ozone pollution were determined, i.e., a south–north covariant pattern and a south–north differential pattern. The anomalous atmospheric circulations composited for the first pattern manifested as a zonally enhanced East Asian deep trough and as a western Pacific subtropical high, whose western ridge point shifted northward. The local hot, dry air and intense solar radiation enhanced the photochemical reactions to elevate the O3 pollution levels in North China and the Huanghuai region; however, the removal of pollutants was decreased. For the second pattern, the broad positive geopotential height anomalies at high latitudes significantly weakened cold air advection from the north, and those extending to North China resulted in locally high temperatures near the surface. In a different manner, the western Pacific subtropical high transported sufficient water vapor to the Yangtze River Delta and resulted in a locally adverse environment for the formation of surface ozone. In addition, the most dominant pattern in 2017 and 2018 was different from that in previous years, which is investigated as a new feature.
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Zhang, Jianwei, Heng Li, Guoxin Jiao, Jiayi Wang, Jingjing Li, Mengzhen Li, and Haining Jiang. "Spatial Pattern of Technological Innovation in the Yangtze River Delta Region and Its Impact on Water Pollution." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 12 (June 17, 2022): 7437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127437.

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The impact of technological innovation on water pollution is an important parameter to determine and monitor while promoting and furthering a region’s economic development. Here, exploratory spatial data analysis was used to analyze: the spatial patterns of technological innovation and water pollution in the Yangtze River, the changes in technical innovation and the resulting changes in water pollution, and the impact of technological innovation on water pollution. The following major inferences were drawn from the obtained results: (1) The spatial pattern of innovation input has a single-center structure that tends to spread. The patent innovation output has evolved, from a single spatial pattern with Shanghai as the core to a diffusion structure with three cores-Hangzhou, Shanghai, and Nanjing. (2) The aggregation mode of water pollution has evolved from the original “Z” mode to a new mode of core agglomeration, and water pollution is constantly being reduced. (3) The trends of change in patent innovation output and innovation input are roughly the same, while the trends of both and that of water pollution are contrary to each other. (4) The correlations between innovation input, patented innovation output, and water pollution are relatively low. From the perspective of spatial distribution, the number of cities with medium and high levels of gray correlation with water pollution is the same.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pollution pattern"

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Tegegn, Ferezer. "Physico-chemical pollution pattern along Akaki River basin, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi och kvartärgeologi (INK), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-80460.

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The present study focuses on the analysis of physico-chemical parameters: electrical conductivity, nitrate and phosphate in the Akaki River basin of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. These secondary water quality parameters were obtained from two different sources: the surface water quality data both for Little and Great Akaki were retrieved from Addis Ababa Environmental Protection Agency (AAEPA). Whereas, the groundwater quality data for four water wells were obtained from Addis Ababa Water and Sewerage Authority (AAWSA). These water quality parameters have been determined in order to assess the pollution levels of Akaki River basin. The values of the parameters have been evaluated with respect to the maximum acceptable standard level of WHO (World Health Organization) for surface and drinking water. The outcome of the study observed absence of spatial and temporal pattern both on surface and groundwater but displayed a huge variation. The result also showed increasing concentration and variation of all parameters inside and outside the city of Addis Ababa with increasing industrialization and urbanization. Comparison also showed that the little Akaki is highly polluted as compared to Great Akaki River. The ground water chemistry also showed a high phosphate load in all of the productive wells. On the contrary, all the wells displayed nitrate level below WHO standard and they are free from Nitrate. KEY WORDS: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Physico-chemical, Little and Great Akaki, AAEPA, AAWSA, Spatial, temporal.
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Purkayastha, Kanan K. "Pattern recognition and an OH reactivity study of urban air pollution." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683909.

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Pattern recognition focuses on the recognition of pattern and regularities in data. In urban air pollution studies such as the study of the relationship between air pollutant concentration and meteorology data or atmospheric photochemistry, such as hydroxyl molecule loss in the atmosphere, pattern recognition is pertinent. This thesis presents various case studies where emission potential to atmosphere, concentration pattern in an air basin, extreme event pattern on a local or regional scale, patterns of the relationship between meteorological parameters and chemical parameter and atmospheric chemical loss processes have been explored. The thesis presents some new approaches to studying urban air pollution. The first study is a landfill gas emission potential study, where the composite signal has been analysed. The study proposes a new Monte Carlo permutation scheme to capture the composite landfill gas emission potential to the atmosphere. It also compares the new method with the traditional Fisher g statistics method. The second study reviews the existing methods for identifying extreme events of particulate matter on a local and regional scale and develops a new method based upon medcouple calculations of dispersion of data. This study also informs the relationship between local meteorology and extreme events using a new mathematical approach. The third study involves different pattern recognition techniques such as self organising maps, hierarchical and non-hierarchical clustering techniques, the receiver operating characte11stic curve method and a multivariate statistical approach to explore the pattern of air pollution on a regional scale. The fourth study involves applying soft modelling approaches such as block similarity measures, partial least square and principal component regression techniques to explore the relationship between meteorology and urban air pollution. This study applies a new kind of instrument known as an AQ mesh. So appropriate calibration approaches for studying these data have been followed. The fifth study is the measurement of total OH reactivity in a subtropical climatic region in the autumn season. Non-methane volatile organic carbon and different trace species contribution to OH reactivity have been assessed. This study involves the development of an instrument to generate the OH radical in a laboratory environment and kinetic study of the OH radical with volatile organic carbons and trace species in ambient air. An attempt has also been made in this study to calculate the potential "Criegee intermediate" by the ozonolysis of identified alkenes in the ambient air.
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Hantsch, Nichole M. "Pattern and process of watershed nutrient dynamics in South Central New York." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.

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Bellchamber, Sara B. "Simulating the effects of riparian zone delineation and management practices on landscape pattern and timber production." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4106.

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Thesis (M.S.) University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (June 29, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Shrestha, Samata. "IMPACT OF NEIGHBORHOOD MORPHOLOGY ON AIR POLLUTION DISPERSION PATTERNS DUE TO UNPLANNED BUILDING DEMOLITION: A PARAMETRIC STUDY." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent155654365109521.

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Philander, Lorraine. "The effect of an argumentation-based instructional approach on Grade 3 learners' understanding of river pollution." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_7227_1381213860.

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The research reported in this paper involves the use of dialogical argumentation in scientific context with 7-9 year olds as part of teaching and learning in primary classrooms. To develop an understanding of scientific concepts, four suitable collaborative activities on river pollution were used as a stimulus to effectively engage learners in scientific reasoning and use evidence for decision-making through cognitive harmonization. The research, involved four groups of five children each. Data were collected through analysis of children&rsquo
s Water Pollution Questionnaire (WPQ), classroom observation, documentation of field notes, conversations and focus group interviews. The study found that all groups were able to engage in the activities to some extent, but that good quality argumentation develops when children are familiar with working in this manner. This study sought to investigate the opportunities, possibilities and challenges associated with a dialogical argumentation teaching and learning approach in a primary school science class A mapping technique was used to analyze the children&rsquo
s discussions and identify the quality of their different &ldquo
levels&rdquo
of argument. This study confirmed that an argumentation based instruction was an effective way of enhancing learners&rsquo
understanding of river pollution. The learners&rsquo
listening skills improved tremendously and they were actively involve during discussions and provided claims with valid grounds or reasons. They were also very enthusiastic and challenged each other&rsquo
s claims during these argumentation lessons, but most of all was the enjoyment that was visible on their young faces. Further research needs to be carried out over a longer period to determine the effectiveness of an argumentation based instruction.

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Magerman, Ruben Clive. "Effects of an argumentation-based instruction on grade 10 learners' understanding of the causes of pollution at a river site." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/1777.

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Magister Scientiae - MSc
This study was based on the Science and Indigenous Knowledge Systems Project (SIKSP) at the School of Science and Mathematics Education, University of the Western Cape. The project seeks to enhance educators' understanding of and ability to implement a Science-IKS curriculum (Ogunniyi, 2007) through using the theoretical framework of argumentation (Toulmin Argument Pattern) to the extent that learners would value the significance of both worldviews. This study sought to find the effects of an Argumentation-Based Instruction on grade 10 learners' understanding of the causes of pollution at a river site. Since the integration of Science and IKS are envisaged by Curriculum 2005 (C2005), two theoretical argumentation constructs have been used namely, Toulmin's (1958) Argumentation Pattern (TAP) and Ogunniyi's (1995) Contiguity Argumentation Theory (CAT).
South Africa
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Henshaw, Stephen John. "Trends and patterns in urban air pollution in the UK." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509769.

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Al-Mutawa, Ayesha Ibrahim. "The influence of the meteorological conditions on air pollution levels in Emirate of Dubai, United Arab Emirates." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366431.

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Forselius, Ellen. "Spatial patterns of pollution associated with creosote treated poles in Mälardalen." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-120583.

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Creosote is a product name given to a mixture of several hundred compounds, which is often used to protect wooden poles from rot and insect damage, however it has also been linked to causing cancer in humans. Alternative materials for power poles include concrete, steel, composite and non-treated wooden poles. This report looks at Mälarenergi Elnät ABs 17,000 creosote coated poles and their patterns of pollution. GIS analyses in ArcGIS were used to evaluate which creosote poles are most critical to replace by implementing a system of "penalty points" based on the spatial distribution of the poles. 15 of the creosote poles were selected for a field study to investigate how much creosote is leaked to the ground.1,000 of the power poles were assigned penalty points of 10 or higher which could be a starting point in pole replacement, although the penalty points system could be used in many different ways for this purpose. Of the 15 power poles investigated during the field work, 5 showed higher leakage than recommended by Naturvårdsverkets guidelines for sensitive ground use. These 15 poles only make up 0,1% of Mälarenergi Elnät ABs total creosote coated poles, but the results are considered alarming enough to at least merit further studies of the creosote leakage.
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Books on the topic "Pollution pattern"

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An introduction to environmental pattern analysis. Carnforth, Lancs, U.K: Parthenon Pub. Group, 1991.

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A, Gray Richard, ed. Environmental decline and public policy: Pattern, trend and prospect. Ann Arbor: Pierian Press, 1992.

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Pollution control and the pattern of trade: Germany and the United States. New York: Garland, 1990.

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Shrivastava, Pradeep. Ground water quality status in relation to landuse pattern and geohydrological conditions: A case study of Madhya Pradesh. [Bhopal: Dept. of Limnology, Barkatullah University, 1997.

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Zhongguo huan jing chan ye fa zhan mo shi yan jiu: Study on development pattern of environmental industry in China. Bei jing: Ke xue chu ban she, 2010.

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Tsang, Andy M. Descriptive statistics tables from a detailed analysis of the National Human Activity Pattern Survey (NHAPS) data. Las Vegas, Nev: National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1996.

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Pang, Ho-gyŏng. Han, Chung, Il 3-guk hwan'gyŏng sangp'um kyoyŏk ŭi t'ŭksŏng: Kyŏngjaengnyŏk p'aet'ŏn punsŏk ŭl chungsim ŭro = The changing pattern of environmental goods export competitiveness among Korea-China-Japan; an overview and assessment. Sŏul T'ŭkpyŏlsi: Taeoe Kyŏngje Chŏngch'aek Yŏn'guwŏn, 2013.

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Huntington, Thomas Gordon. Assessment of potential role of atmospheric acidic deposition in the pattern of southern pine beetle infestation in the northwestern Coastal Plain of Georgia, 1991-95. Atlanta, Ga: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996.

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Inc, INFORM, ed. Toxic clusters: Patterns of pollution in the Midwest. New York, N.Y. (381 Park Ave. S., New York 10016-8806): INFORM, 1991.

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Lee, Christi. Ozone transport and diurnal patterns in the troposphere. Bellingham, Wash: Huxley College of Environmental Studies, Western Washington University, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pollution pattern"

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Bank, Michael S., and Sophia V. Hansson. "The Microplastic Cycle: An Introduction to a Complex Issue." In Microplastic in the Environment: Pattern and Process, 1–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78627-4_1.

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AbstractThe microplastic cycle was originally and formally introduced and defined as a novel concept and paradigm for understanding plastic pollution and its fluxes across ecosystem reservoirs. This concept has now been expanded to include macroplastic particles and links all aspects of the fate, transport, and effects of plastic pollution, including source-receptor models in the environment, and expanded on previously established perspectives that viewed the plastic pollution issue in a less integrated manner. The value of this paradigm is that this perspective integrates three basic scientific spheres: environmental chemistry, biology (i.e., trophic transfer), and human health. The goal of this chapter is to introduce readers to the microplastic pollution problem and to outline the microplastic cycle as a concept and holistic paradigm for addressing this ubiquitous environmental and potential public health problem. The specific objectives of this chapter were to (1) introduce this volume and its chapters by outlining the microplastic pollution issue in the context of the entire plastic cycle; (2) evaluate fluxes of microplastics across different ecosystem compartments, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere. and biosphere, including humans; and (3) provide insights on public policy and potential solutions to the microplastic pollution problem.
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Kim, Hyun Cheol, Heesu Choi, Fantine Ngan, and Pius Lee. "Surface Ozone Variability in Synoptic Pattern Perspectives." In Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXIII, 551–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04379-1_91.

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Yang, Wenwen, Jun Feng, Qirong Bo, Yixuan Yang, and Bo Jiang. "A Shallow ResNet with Layer Enhancement for Image-Based Particle Pollution Estimation." In Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision, 381–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03335-4_33.

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Wagner, Martin. "Solutions to Plastic Pollution: A Conceptual Framework to Tackle a Wicked Problem." In Microplastic in the Environment: Pattern and Process, 333–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78627-4_11.

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AbstractThere is a broad willingness to act on global plastic pollution as well as a plethora of available technological, governance, and societal solutions. However, this solution space has not been organized in a larger conceptual framework yet. In this essay, I propose such a framework, place the available solutions in it, and use it to explore the value-laden issues that motivate the diverse problem formulations and the preferences for certain solutions by certain actors. To set the scene, I argue that plastic pollution shares the key features of wicked problems, namely, scientific, political, and societal complexity and uncertainty as well as a diversity in the views of actors. To explore the latter, plastic pollution can be framed as a waste, resource, economic, societal, or systemic problem. Doing so results in different and sometimes conflicting sets of preferred solutions, including improving waste management; recycling and reuse; implementing levies, taxes, and bans as well as ethical consumerism; raising awareness; and a transition to a circular economy. Deciding which of these solutions is desirable is, again, not a purely rational choice. Accordingly, the social deliberations on these solution sets can be organized across four scales of change. At the geographic and time scales, we need to clarify where and when we want to solve the plastic problem. On the scale of responsibility, we need to clarify who is accountable, has the means to make change, and carries the costs. At the magnitude scale, we need to discuss which level of change we desire on a spectrum of status quo to revolution. All these issues are inherently linked to value judgments and worldviews that must, therefore, be part of an open and inclusive debate to facilitate solving the wicked problem of plastic pollution.
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Schulten, H. R., and N. Simmleit. "Rapid Fingerprinting of Damaged and Undamaged Conifer Needles by Soft Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Pattern Recognition." In Air Pollution and Ecosystems, 602–3. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4003-1_65.

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Wingfield, Susan, and Melisa Lim. "The United Nations Basel Convention’s Global Plastic Waste Partnership: History, Evolution and Progress." In Microplastic in the Environment: Pattern and Process, 323–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78627-4_10.

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AbstractThe pollution of our marine and terrestrial environment by plastic waste is one of the most pressing global environmental challenges faced today. Developing a circular plastic economy and limiting plastic pollution requires multilevel actions from different stakeholders including oil and petrochemical producers, plastic manufacturers, consumer goods companies, retailers, consumers, waste managers, waste management authorities, plastic recyclers and others. As well as cleaning up the enormous quantities of plastic waste already in our oceans and lakes, there is an urgent need to strengthen countries’ capacities to prevent, minimize and properly manage this waste. The Basel Convention, the most comprehensive global environmental treaty dealing with hazardous and other wastes, offers an important part of the solution. In addition to its provisions aimed at controlling the exports and imports of hazardous wastes and other wastes generated from households and ensuring their environmentally sound management, the Convention also seeks to tackle the problem at its source through prevention and minimization. With the addition of an amendment to the Convention specifically tackling plastic waste, and the establishment of a Plastic Waste Partnership, the Convention is positioned at the forefront in the fight against plastic pollution.
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Marathe, Nachiket P., and Michael S. Bank. "The Microplastic-Antibiotic Resistance Connection." In Microplastic in the Environment: Pattern and Process, 311–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78627-4_9.

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AbstractMicroplastic pollution is a big and rapidly growing environmental problem. Although the direct effects of microplastic pollution are increasingly studied, the indirect effects are hardly investigated, especially in the context of spreading of disease and antibiotic resistance genes, posing an apparent hazard for human health. Microplastic particles provide a hydrophobic surface that provides substrate for attachment of microorganisms and readily supports formation of microbial biofilms. Pathogenic bacteria such as fish pathogens Aeromonas spp., Vibrio spp., and opportunistic human pathogens like Escherichia coli are present in these biofilms. Moreover, some of these pathogens are shown to be multidrug resistant. The presence of microplastics is known to enhance horizontal gene transfer in bacteria and thus, may contribute to dissemination of antibiotic resistance. Microplastics can also adsorb toxic chemicals like antibiotics and heavy metals, which are known to select for antibiotic resistance. Microplastics may, thus, serve as vectors for transport of pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes in the aquatic environment. In this book chapter, we provide background information on microplastic biofouling (“plastisphere concept”), discuss the relationship between microplastic and antibiotic resistance, and identify knowledge gaps and directions for future research.
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Božnar, Marija, and Primož Mlakar. "Improvement of Air Pollution Forecasting Models Using Feature Determination and Pattern Selection Strategies." In Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XII, 725–26. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9128-0_85.

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Pijpers, F. W. "Description of Air Pollution by Means of Pattern Recognition Employing theARTHURProgram." In ACS Symposium Series, 93–105. Washington, D.C.: American Chemical Society, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1985-0292.ch007.

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Shin, Seong-Hee, and Robert N. Meroney. "Surface Pattern Comparability of Wind-Tunnel Simulations of the Thorney Island Dense Gas Dispersion Trials." In Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application VII, 77–88. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6409-6_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pollution pattern"

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Talib, A., Y. Abu Hasan, F. Recknagel, and D. T. van der Molen. "Pattern recognition of grazing dynamics in response to fish removal (Lake Wolderwijd, Netherlands) using non-supervised artificial neural networks." In WATER POLLUTION 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp080031.

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Xu, Lina, Ruiqing Niu, Kang Xiao, Shenghui Fang, and Yanfang Dong. "Marine oil pollution detection with MODIS data." In Eighth International Symposium on Multispectral Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, edited by Jinwen Tian and Jie Ma. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2030393.

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Kennedy, Purba Daru Kusuma, and Casi Setianingsih. "River Water Pollution Pattern Prediction using a Simple Neural Network." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industry 4.0, Artificial Intelligence, and Communications Technology (IAICT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciaict.2019.8784854.

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Ma, Jian, Kun Li, Yahong Han, and Jingyu Yang. "Image-based Air Pollution Estimation Using Hybrid Convolutional Neural Network." In 2018 24th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2018.8546004.

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Gu, Y., B. Li, Q. Meng, and P. Shang. "Improved Cloud-NARX Estimation Algorithm for Uncertainty Analysis of Air Pollution Prediction." In 11th International Conference of Pattern Recognition Systems (ICPRS 2021). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1440.

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Fernandes, Filipe, John Van Coller, and Nishal Mahatho. "A Case for Optical Pollution Monitoring of Bushings." In 2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robomech.2019.8704794.

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Ferrario, A., P. L. Pizzolati, and E. Zanzottera. "Time Resolved Lidar Fluorosensor for Oil Pollution Detection." In Laser and Optical Remote Sensing: Instrumentation and Techniques. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/lors.1987.tub3.

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This work is based on a preliminary experimental research made by researchers of JRC-Ispra1 according to which an airborne fluorosensor system, able to jointly perform a time and spectral analysis of oil fluorescence, is useful for the detection and the characterisation of oil spills on the sea surface. They have demonstrated that while spectral analysis alone can hardly enable to distinguish between two oils of the same class (for example two crude oils), the time-spectral analysis can easily discriminate between two oils with nearly the same spectral pattern.
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Bin Zou, Yu Guo, Yuqi Tang, Shan Xu, and Qihao Weng. "Remote sensing detection of the spatial pattern of urban air pollution in Los Angeles." In 2014 3rd International Workshop on Earth Observation and Remote Sensing Applications (EORSA). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eorsa.2014.6927889.

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Li, Dan, Zhenchun Hao, and Lianqing Xue. "Using Pattern Recognition Technique for Non-Uniform Field Sampling of Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution." In 2008 Fourth International Conference on Natural Computation. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2008.187.

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Li, Sui, Mingzhuo Jiang, Zhenxing Li, and Shiwen Zhou. "Diffusion effect analysis of pollution gas under the impact of urban three-dimensional pattern." In 2016 5th International Conference on Energy and Environmental Protection (ICEEP 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iceep-16.2016.158.

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Reports on the topic "Pollution pattern"

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Савосько, Василь Миколайович, Олександр Подоляк, Ірина Олександрівна Комарова, and Олексій Карпенко. Modern Environmental Technologies of Healthy Soils Contaminated by Heavy Metals and Radionuclides. E3S Web of Conferences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3784.

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Object of research: to systematize (taking into account the possible consequences to biosphere) the known technologies for ecological restoration of soils contaminated by heavy metals and radionuclides. Only a healing technology should be recognized as one possible methodology for solving any soil problems. For soils contaminated by heavy metals and radionuclides healing patterns is conceptually ordered into the following levels: mission, strategy, technology. The mission of healthy soil should be aimed at maintaining the chemical elements content within the optimum interval. The strategy of healthy soil involves the regulation of individual elements content in the soil. Ex-situ a soil healing technology is implemented outside the original pollution site. In-situ, a soil healing technology is carried out directly on the original pollution site. Excavation of the сontaminated soil layer is the first stage for ex-situ soil restoration. In the future it will be possible: 1) storage of contaminated soil at special landfills, 2) treatment of contaminated soil at a special reactor. All technologies for in-situ healthy of heavy metals contaminated soils can be ordered as: 1) localization, 2) deconcentration, 3) inactivation, 4) extraction.
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Chauvin, Juan Pablo. Cities and Public Health in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003692.

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This paper presents an overview of how health outcomes vary across cities in Latin America and discusses some of the known drivers of this variation. There are large disparities in outcomes across cities and across neighborhoods of the same city. Because health is closely related to the socioeconomic conditions of individuals, part of the spatial variation reflects residential segregation by income. Local characteristics also have a direct effect on health outcomes, shaping individuals' access to health services and the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles. In addition, urban environments affect health through natural atmospheric conditions, through local infrastructure in particular water, sanitation, and urban transit and through the presence of urban externalities such as traffic congestion, pollution, crime, and the spread of transmissible diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic illustrates many of these patterns, since the impact of the disease has differed sharply across cities, and much of this variation can be explained by observable local characteristics particularly population, connectivity with other cities and countries, income levels, and residential overcrowding.
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