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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pollution Environmental aspects Australia'

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Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Jordan, Matthew. "Procuring industrial pollution control : the South Australian case, 1836-1975." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phj816.pdf.

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2

Siddique, Sharif Rayhan. "Development of policies to ameliorate the environmental impact of cars in Perth City, using the results of a stated preference survey and air pollution modelling." University of Western Australia. Faculty of Business, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0165.

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[Truncated abstract] Air pollution is increasingly perceived to be a serious intangible threat to humanity, with air quality continuing to deteriorate in most urban areas. The main sources of inner city pollution are motor vehicles, which generate emissions from the tail pipe as well as by evaporation. These contain toxic gaseous components which have adverse health effects. The major components are carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitric oxide (NO), sulphur dioxide (SO2), particulates (PM10), and volatile organic compounds (VOC). CO and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) are major emissions from cars. This study focuses on pollutant concentration in Perth city and has sought to develop measures to improve air quality. To estimate concentrations, the study develops air pollution models for CO and NOx; on the basis of the model estimates, effective policy is devised to improve the air quality by managing travel to the city. Two peaks, due to traffic, are observed in hourly CO and NOx concentrations. Unlike traffic, however, the morning peak does not reach the level of the afternoon peak. The reasons for this divergence are assessed and quantified. Separate causal models of hourly concentrations of CO and NOx explain their fluctuations accurately. They take account of the complex effects of the urban street canyon and winds in the city. The angle of incidence of the wind has significant impact on pollution level; a wind flow from the south-west increases pollution and wind from the north-east decreases it. The models have been shown to be equivalent to engineering and scientific models in estimating emission rate in the context of street canyons. However the study models are much more precise in the Perth context. ... The models are used to calculate the marginal effects for all attributes and elasticity for fuel price. In almost all attributes the non-work group is more responsive than the work group. Finally, the SP model results are integrated into an econometric model for the purpose of prediction. The travel behaviour prediction is used to estimate the policy impact on air quality. The benefit from the air quality improvement is reported in terms of life saved. The estimated relationships between probability of death and air pollution determines the number of lives that could be saved under various policy scenarios. A ratio of benefits to the financial and perceived sacrifices by drivers is calculated to compare the effectiveness of the suggested policies. A car size charge policy was found to be the most cost effective measure to ameliorate the environmental impact of cars in Perth, with a morning peak entry time charge being almost as cost effective. The study demonstrates the need for appropriate modelling of air pollution and travel behaviour. It brings together analytical methods at three levels of causality, vehicle to air pollution, charge to travel response, and air pollution to health.

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3

Hall, Sandra. "The contribution of heavy industry and commercial activity at Canning Vale to the loads of nitrogen and phosphorus released in the Bannister Creek catchment area." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2007. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/307.

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Stormwater is recognised as a transport mechanism for pollutants. Pollutants enter stormwater drains via surface washoff, subsurface flow or direct discharge. Landuse is reported to affect the quantity of pollutants released into stormwater drains. In Australia, the contribution of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and surfactants from industrial areas to surface drainage is poorly understood. Previous research has mainly focused on the quality of water leaving residential and agricultural areas. In Western Australia, there is growing concern over the health of the Swan-Canning River system, which is seeing signs of eutrophication. Runoff and discharge from residential, commercial, and industrial areas influence the quality of water in the Swan-Canning River system. A study of nutrient release was undertaken for the eastern sector of the Canning Vale Industrial Area, to determine the contribution of industry to nutrient loads received by the Canning River system, between August 2001 and 2002. Data was collected three times a week using a point sampling regime. Diurnal and storm event variability were also tested. Data collected from the eastern sector of the industrial area was compared to that released from the entire Bannister Creek Catchment area. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations downstream of industrial areas have been reported at 45mg L-1 and 15mg L-1 respectively (Thomas et al, 1997; John, 2000). In this study, the median concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus downstream of industry in Bannister Creek, at the Tom Bateman Reserve Detention Basin, were 1.32mg L-1 and 0.11mg L-1 respectively. Concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were not indicative of point source discharge. Nutrient concentrations reported in Bannister Creek in this study, have been consistent with data collected and reported in other studies i.e. Donohue et al, 1992 and Jakowyna, 2002. Nitrogen and phosphorus loads released from the entire Bannister Creek Catchment area, exceeded loads previously reported in other studies i.e. Donohue et al ( 1994); Donohue et al, 1992 and Jakowyna, 2002. An estimated 32890kg of nitrogen and 2085kg of phosphorus was released from Bannister Creek Catchment during the study. Rainfall during the study period was reflective of the drying climate Perth has been experiencing over the last ten years. Nitrogen and phosphorus released from Bannister Creek during the study period are likely to be underestimated, as they do not include the data collected for a significant storm event recorded at Hybanthus Road on the 16.4.02. During this 1- 2/1-5 ARI storm event 1586kg of nitrogen and 185kg of phosphorus were exported from Bannister Creek, producing loads ten times greater than that estimated during the point sampling regime. The later values were used in the calculation of annual loads to maintain consistency between the study sites. Despite the significant load of nutrients released from the catchment on 16.4.02, rainfall was not the main transport mechanism for nitrogen and phosphorus, indicated by the weak correlation e.g. R2 > 0.1. Base flow was determined to be the most significant pathway of nutrient export. The concentrations and loads of nitrogen and phosphorus released from the industrial area were low, but the contribution to catchment loading was important. The rate of nutrient release per unit of area was higher from the eastern sector of the Canning Vale Industrial Area than the entire Bannister Creek Catchment Area. Nitrogen was released at a rate of 4163kg km2 yr from the industrial area and 134 2. 86kg km2 yr for the entire catchment. Phosphorus was the same. From the industrial area it was released at a rate of 397kg km2 yr compared to a rate of 94.2kg km2 yr from the entire Bannister Creek Catchment Area. The study revealed the need to retain nutrients within the catchment. Studies on stormwater management suggest that this can be achieved through Water Sensitive Urban Design and Best Management Practices. Both strategies work on the principle of retaining and recycling nutrients within the catchment area. Work is currently been undertaken to meet the objectives of these two management strategies in Bannister Creek. Work has included the removal of the southwestern bank of the Tom Bateman reserve detention basin to create a meandering wetland, and the downgrading of the banks along Bywood Way, Lynwood to create a Living Stream. Further studies should focus on the effectiveness of these strategies.

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4

Baudains, Catherine Mary. "Environmental education in the workplace : inducing voluntary transport behaviour change to decrease single occupant vehicle trips by commuters into the Perth CBD." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2003. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browser/view/adt-MU20040310.121357.

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5

Loo, Maylene G. K. "Effects of wastewater effluent on macrobenthic infaunal communities at Christies Beach, South Australia /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl8625.pdf.

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6

Ma, Ying. "Monitoring of heavy metals in the Bottelary River using Typha capensis and Phragmites australis." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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The aim of this study was to use plants to determine the degree of heavy metal contamination in water and sediments in order to effectively monitor and provide possible recommendation to improve the water quality in the aquatic ecosystem of the Bottelary River.

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7

Лямцев, Олександр Вікторович, Александр Викторович Лямцев, Oleksandr Viktorovych Liamtsev, Микола Костянтинович Шапочка, Николай Константинович Шапочка, and Mykola Kostiantynovych Shapochka. "Some aspects of motor transport environmental pollution reducing." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2007. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7991.

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8

Miltz, David. "Economic aspects of targeting environmental policy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235914.

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This thesis is composed of two parts; the first addresses theoretical aspects of the economics of targeting pollution control policy, whilst the second is an illustrative case study designed to embellish the more abstract insights of the first section.

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9

Harding, Andrew W. "Environmental aspects of coal combustion." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360331.

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10

Staib, Robert. "Solving major pollution problems a new process model /." Thesis, Electronic version, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/588.

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Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Graduate School of the Environment, 1997.
Bibliography: p. 179-190.
1. Summary -- 2. Introduction -- 3. Current process models -- 4. Proposed pollution process model -- 5. Brown haze air pollution in Sydney -- 6. Ozone air pollution in Sydney -- 7. Ozone air pollution in Melbourne -- 8. Beach pollution in Sydney -- 9. Water pollution in the Parramatta River -- 10. Comparison of case study indicators and results -- 11. Summary of research -- 12. Conclusion.
Existing process models describe the general social and institutional processes involved in the solution of environmental problems and in the solution of public policy problems. These existing models do not include many processes specific to pollution problems and in most cases they do not included a quantitative assessment of the likely duration and strength of the processes involved. In this work I have proposed a process model with nine specific processes involved in the solution of major regional pollution problems. I have named the nine processes: affected party, harbinger, public concern, political action, inquiry, body of knowledge, legislation, allocation of funds, and organisational change. The processes were selected to be consistent with general processes of the literature models and to reflect actual processes that have been involved in the solution of pollution problems in Sydney since European settlement. I have used five case studies of regional air and water pollution problems from the Australian cities of Melbourne and Sydney. The nine proposed processes were identified in each of the case study problems and were quantified by the use of indicators that measured the strength and duration of the individual process.
x, 200 leaves

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11

Liaghat, Abdolmajid. "Use of soil and vegetative filter strips for reducing pesticide and nitrate pollution." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ36998.pdf.

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12

Choy, Wai-tim Felix, and 蔡偉添. "Information technology in pollution prevention." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42576015.

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13

Ambreen, Iqbal. "Impact of traffic noise pollution on the environment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31261188.

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14

Spann, Nicole. "Freshwater bivalves as biomonitors of metal pollution." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610276.

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15

李仲泉 and Chung-chuen Li. "Radiation exposure due to radon and gamma rays in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31210478.

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16

Wong, Wang-wah, and 黃宏華. "Trace organics pollution in the aquatic environment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31252758.

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17

Syarif, Laode Muhamad. "The implementation of international responsibilities for atmospheric pollution : comparison between Indonesia and Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1999.

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18

Starling, Fernando Luis do Rego Monteiro. "Development of biomanipulation strategies for the remediation of eutrophication problems in an urban reservoir, Lago Paranoa, Brazil." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/12556.

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The feasibility of improving water quality by food web manipulation in an urban eutrophic tropical reservoir, Lago Paranoa (Brasilia, Brazil) was investigated. The potential of promising biomanipulation strategies was experimentally tested in limnocorrals: reduction of internal nutrient loading by controlling tilapia overpopulation, and suppression of nuisance cyanobacteria by stocking non reproducing filter-feeding silver carp. A four-month test in two large littoral isolated areas of the reservoir (1,000 m2 each) stocked with high vs. low tilapia biomass revealed that fish over-population promoted blooms of Microcystis and decreased water clarity by supplying phytoplankton with additional nutrients (mainly phosphorus, "P"). Since reduction of tilapia biomass from 150 to 40 g/m3 resulted in significant water quality improvements, the release of commercial fisheries using cast-nets was recommended. Field experiments III floating net-cages (10 m3) were conducted to evaluate silver carp adaptation to Lago Paranoa and to determine fish growth rates when maintained feeding exclusively on the abundant plankton in the reservoir. High growth rates (up to 6 g/day) and survivorship (> 90%) of young-of-the-year (72 g), juveniles (300 g) and adult silver carp (1100 g) during both dry and rainy season were observed. Efficient ingestion of nuisance algae was evidenced by the dominant presence of Microcystis aeruginosa and Botryococcus braunii colonies in the fore-intestine of experimental fishes. Results indicate the great potential for silver carp cage culture as a low-cost and environmentally beneficial economic activity. Following indications from literature and previous studies in Lago Paranoa, the optimum range of silver carp biomass which maximize phytoplankton control was determined in ten large replicated limnocorrals (50 m3 ). Although a significant decrease in Microcystis abundance was achieved by stocking silver carp at all biomass levels, net-phytoplankton biomass was only significantly suppressed at moderate fish stocking densities of 40 and 60 g/m3 . Two additional limnocorral experiments during dry and rainy seasons were performed to test the effectiveness of both biomanipulation strategies when adopted separately or simultaneously. Water quality improvements through control of tilapia abundance (from 100 to 40 g/m3) and stocking with silver carp (at moderate stocking rates of 40-50 g/m3) induced significant decreases in total phosphorus (21- 31 %), cyanobacteria density (40-44%) and phytoplankton biomass (22-38%). As those strategies were found to act independently, the combination of both enhanced water quality benefits by reducing total phosphorus by 38%, cyanobacteria density by 75% and phytoplankton biomass by 60%. To predict the internal P-loading reduction that could be achieved by implementing both biomanipulation strategies on a whole-reservoir scale, P excretion rates were quantified in indoor tanks for 16 and 40 g tilapia (0.527-1.576 ug SRP/g ww/h) and silver carp (0.391-0.737 ug SRP/g ww/h). It was estimated that the tilapia contribution to internal P-Ioading (5.4 mg TP/m2/day for 1,300 kg/ha) is equivalent to external P input to the Bananal Branch (6.0 mg TP/m2/day). A 60% reduction in tilapia biomass plus stocking of silver carp at densities of up to 60 g/m3 after three years would not change internal P-Ioading (5.6 mg TP/m2/day) but would (1) reduce by 60% the input of "new" phosphorus to the water column from tilapia bottom feeding, and (2) increase grazing on phytoplankton following silver carp introduction.

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19

Kennette, Debra. "The bioavailability of trace metals to soil invertebrates in urban contaminated soils." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0001/MQ44194.pdf.

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20

Pisarew, Roman. "Environmental aspects of industrial Zaporozhya region." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31704.

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For the Zaporozhya region, as one of the most industrialized loaded, environmental issues are important. According to the National Cancer Institute, Zaporozhya region is included in the five regions of Ukraine with the highest cancer. Therefore are relevant issues related to the environmental aspects of the work and the development of industry in the region. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31704

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21

May, John R. (John Robert) 1978. "Sustainability of electricity generation using Australian fossil fuels." Monash University, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9537.

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22

Chan, Hok Kee Nelson. "Contaminated land valuation and the problem of stigma." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/48464.

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Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Graduate School of the Environment, 2001.
Bibliography: p. 10-1 to 10-23.
An overview of contaminated land issues -- Land contamination law -- The impact of environmental planning on contaminated land value -- Identification and management of contaminated land -- Contaminated land valuation method - an overview -- Current stigma assessment methods -- Suggested method for stigma assessment -- General conclusion.
This dissertation is about the valuation of contaminated land and the problem of stigma. The value of contaminated land is to a large extent affected by statutory regulations. Stigma, if it exists, is another factor that has significant impact on contaminated land value. This thesis looks at the relevant laws governing contaminated land in Australia. It also introduces an alternative method to assess the stigma factor. -- Contaminated land is a major environmental problem. Apart from causing actual or potential threats to human health and the environment, contaminated land also leads to legal liabilities and financial losses to the landowner. Regarding financial losses, they may be costs to meet legal requirements in relation to clean up and long term monitoring expenses. In addition, they may be losses due to a drop in market value and/or rental of the property, longer vacancy periods, high remediation and monitoring costs. In the extreme case, the property may lose marketability completely. -- Regarding valuation methods, most valuers use traditional valuation methods with arbitrary adjustments. The most straightforward method is the impaired value (affected value) approach. It requires the valuer to assess the property on a clean land basis. From the unimpaired (clean) value, other financial losses due to contamination, remediation costs and stigma value loss are deducted to get the impaired value. The most difficult part is to quantify stigma impact. The existing stigma assessment methods are not satisfactory. Alternative and non-traditional methods are available. However they are academic and are not suitable for day-to-day operation of a valuer. This thesis suggests a multi-criteria decision-making model to assess stigma impact. The target stigma factor is obtained by processing the relevant criteria with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The best alternative from the model is the reasonable stigma factor for the property.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
various pagings ill. (some col.)

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23

Poon, Tim-leung, and 潘添良. "Trace organic pollution in the indoor environment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31252722.

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24

Huang, Kai Katie, and 黄恺. "The effects of walkability on air pollution and public health." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46937213.

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25

Taljaard, Grant. "Taxing pollution a comparison between South Africa, the United Kingdom, Australia and Malaysia /." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04062009-144901/.

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26

Tambasco, Giuseppe. "Methods to predict and reduce trace metal levels in lettuce grown on contaminated urban soils." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0001/MQ44294.pdf.

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27

容恩緹 and Yan-tai Enid Yung. "The role of railways in relieving future traffic-induced roadside air pollution." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31255395.

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28

Maphuhla, N. G. "Determination of physiochemical properties and metal levels in soil, water, and plant from Alice landfill site." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/6224.

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The state of soil is of great significance because it is a common medium for plant growth, which provides important nutrients to plants. Water pollution is the build-up of harmful substances in water bodies to the level that results in health problems for people and animals. Heavy metal pollution (of soil, water, and plants) and their health effects on people is a persistent social issue, and several types of research have recognized health risks of residents living close to open dumpsites. Dump sites are sources of heavy metal impurity and toxicity to the surrounding environment. Analyses were done on water and soil samples for temperature, pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, organic matter, organic carbon and total hardness. The pH results range from slightly acidic (6.79) to neutral soil pH (7.09), and have been recorded within the normal range from WHO. All the determined physicochemical properties in soil and water have been recorded within the normal range, except for EC in water which was found to be above the permissible limits by WHO. The heavy metals concentration was determined using the AAS technique. The results obtained shows that the dumpsite‘s soil consists of high metal concentration when compared to control site. The concentration in dumpsites ranges between 1.2783 ± 0.83 mg/kg to 26.3213 ± 6.37 mg/kg. The descending order for selected metal concentrations were in this following order Mn> Cu>Hg>Pb. The Pb and Hg mean concentration was recorded above permissible limits, while the Mn and Cu were within the normal range suggested by WHO. In both water and Acacia karroo samples the Cu was not detected. The trend of metal concentration in water sample was found to be in this order Hg> Mn > Pb> Cu, while in Acacia karroo metal concentration is Hg> Mn> Pb> Cu. The one-way ANOVA test was used to compare the mean concentration of selected metals in each sampling site. The results show that there is a statistically significant difference between the mean concentrations of selected metals; this is supported by the value of F-static and p-value (p <0.05)

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29

Chitongo, Rumbidzai. "Antibiotics in the Diep River and potential abatement using grape slurry waste." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2575.

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Thesis (MTech (Chemistry))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.
Pharmaceuticals have found extensive application in human health management. They are released into the environment through urine, excreta and inappropriate disposal methods. Residues of pharmaceutical products have been reported to show toxic consequences in some freshwater and marine organisms. Antibiotics are one of the most important groups of common human pharmaceuticals widely in use as prescribed and non-prescribed drugs. Antibiotics and their metabolites have been quantitated in water and found in trace levels. But even at such low concentrations they can maintain high biological activities with potential adverse effects on humans and animals. Unfortunately, many pharmaceutical compounds are resistant to breakdown in the environment, hence they have tendency for environmental magnification, since they are designed to be biologically active. Therefore, there is need to evaluate their environmental levels and their possible abatement methods using simple, cheap and low cost techniques, in order to avert their potential toxic consequences. In this research, a cost effective, robust, selective and rugged method for the analysis of antibiotics in water samples using liquid chromatography was developed, and used for monitoring levels of the selected antibiotics in Diep River. Also, an effective remediation procedure for these contaminants in water was developed using activated carbon produced from grape slurry waste.

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30

Bennetts, Helen. "Environmental issues and house design in Australia : images from theory and practice /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb472.pdf.

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31

Yang, Yun. "Temperature dependent PCDD/PCDF product distributions from phenols." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20182.

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32

Martin, Paul Craig. "Radiological impact assessment of uranium mining and milling." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000.

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33

Albuquerque, Ruth Margaret. "The environmental effects of CCA-treated wood use in the sea." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1998. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.714464.

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34

Shrestha, Suman Lal. "Fate and Transformation of a Conjugated Natural Hormone 17β-Estradiol-3-Glucuronide in Soil-Water Systems." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29317.

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The objectives of the study were to investigate the sorption and degradation of a glucuronide conjugated natural hormone, 17β-estradio1-3-glucuronide (E2-3G), and its estrogenic metabolites in soil-water systems. Radiolabeled E2-3G was first synthesized in the laboratory. Soil-water batch experiments were then conducted using natural and sterilized topsoil (0-6 cm) and subsoil (18-24 cm) with the radiolabeled E2-3G to investigate the effects of soil organic matter content and microbial activity. The aqueous dissipation of 14C in the batch experiments followed a biphasic pattern with an initial rapid dissipation phase followed by a second slower phase. Significant differences in total aqueous 14C dissipation were observed for the different initial concentrations for both soils, with greater persistence of intact E2-3G at higher initial concentrations.
National Science Foundation [Grant No. 0730492]

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35

Shrestha, Suman Lal. "Fate and Transformation of a Conjugated Natural Hormone 17?-Estradiol-3-Glucuronide in Soil-Water Systems." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29317.

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The objectives of the study were to investigate the sorption and degradation of a glucuronide conjugated natural hormone, 17?-estradio1-3-glucuronide (E2-3G), and its estrogenic metabolites in soil-water systems. Radiolabeled E2-3G was first synthesized in the laboratory. Soil-water batch experiments were then conducted using natural and sterilized topsoil (0-6 cm) and subsoil (18-24 cm) with the radiolabeled E2-3G to investigate the effects of soil organic matter content and microbial activity. The aqueous dissipation of 14C in the batch experiments followed a biphasic pattern with an initial rapid dissipation phase followed by a second slower phase. Significant differences in total aqueous 14C dissipation were observed for the different initial concentrations for both soils, with greater persistence of intact E2-3G at higher initial concentrations.
National Science Foundation [Grant No. 0730492]

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36

Agars, Robert C., University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and of Science Food and Horticulture School. "Assessment of the potential environmental effects of soluble hydraulic oil on natural waters." THESIS_CSTE_SFH_Agars_R.xml, 2001. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/249.

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A series of physical and chemical analyses were conducted over a fifteen month period to establish the ecological risk, if any, of discharging minewater into aquatic ecosystems. Organic and inorganic analyses were used to determine the extent of contamination of minewater with soluble hydraulic fluids and other contaminant species. Throughout the sampling period the pithead discharge water exhibited a neutral pH and low levels of iron, manganese, zinc and potassium were found. Parallel toxicological and chemical studies identified elevated zinc levels above published toxicity levels for the test species Ceriodaphnia Dubia, but were not confirmed by subsequent study. The presence of organic species in the pit head discharge water was also identified, but the levels were found to be quite variable. Treatment processes involving the detention of the surface minewater and subsequent passage through wetlands exhibited a beneficial effect in reducing pollutant levels prior to disposal. Comparisons of the chemical composition of the minewater discharge with those of local waters were carried out and found to be similar in nature.
Master of Science (Hons)

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37

Feng, Xiao Yi. "A survey of inorganic chemical pollution in the Bottelary River, Cape Town." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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Chemical pollution of freshwater is a worldwide environmental problem
eutrophication, heavy metals and salinity are amongst the most widely used indicators of pollution. The aim of this study was to assess the status of nutrients, heavy metals and salinity, and the seasonal variation int he Bottelary River.

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Wong, Tiow P. "Polyacrylamide (PAM) Effects on Viruses and Bacteria Transport in an Unsaturated Oxisol." Thesis, Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/22251.

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Experiments were to study the effects of anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) on viruses and bacteria movement in soil. A water pollution problem which affects all areas with significant rainfall is soil erosion and subsequent transport of soil and all land-based pollutants. In recent year, high molecular weight polymers, such as anionic polyacrylamides (PAMs), have been used for soil erosion control and subsequent environmental problems. PAM is found to enhance infiltration. Land application of manure, sludge, and wastewater is common in many areas of the world, including the United States. Bacteria, viruses and other pathogens can be found in these waste materials. Studies must be conducts to evaluate if the use of polymers will allow water pollution constituents such as chemicals, pesticides, and microbial pathogens to reach groundwater in aquifer.
Water Resources Research Center; Civil Engineering Department of University of Hawaii at Manoa

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Hart, Peter W. "Formation and release of adsorbable organic halogens during kraft pulp bleaching." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11219.

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Yu, Hongbin. "Radiative effects of aerosols on the environment in China." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25746.

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Jordan, Matthew. "Procuring industrial pollution control : the South Australian case, 1836-1975 / Matthew Jordan." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21773.

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Gallant, John Christian. "Pesticide transport models for assessing nonpoint source pollution in Australia." Master's thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144088.

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Dennis, Stuart R. "Sewage effluents and oestrogenic compounds : impacts on aquatic invertebrates." Phd thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150754.

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Popov, Vladislav H., University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and School of Environment and Agriculture. "A catchment approach to managing agricultural pesticides in the environment : a case study with the herbicide atrazine." 2005. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/22967.

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Surface water quality of the Liverpool Plains (NSW), a series of floodplains comprising the floodplain of the Mooki River, is poor despite the introduction of conservation tillage that has reduced soil erosion and, with it, the transport of sediment, nutrients and chemicals to streams.The aim of this thesis was to provide a basis for recommending the possible wider use of biofilters, by determining their effectiveness in reducing pollutant (mainly atrazine) transport at multiple scales in the Liverpool Plains, quantifying the importance of relevant processes, including the capacity of soil biofilters to degrade the retained pollutants, and evaluating the effect of pollutants on the biofilter vegetation. These objectives were explored in two sub-catchments within the Liverpool Plains, namely Big Jacks Creek and the Blackville.Soils are predominantly vertosols that crack deeply on drying, resulting in initially high infiltration rates on wetting and high water holding capacity. Field monitoring revealed that biofilters such as grassed waterways, natural grasslands or vegetated filter strips (VFS) positioned at multiple catchment scales can significantly reduce pollutant concentrations in runoff. The use of biofilters is discussed, along with other best management practices that will be needed to manage pesticide loads both at source and in the transport pathway.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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Beavis, Fern Riva. "Using multi-element comparisons to discriminate between natural and anthropogenic post-depositional additions in estuarine sediments." Phd thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151495.

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In most areas of the world, high population centres and heavy industry are located along river systems and provide a catchment wide source of heavy metal pollution along the length of the river system. These anthropogenically derived heavy metal pollutants enter the freshwater river systems and are transported downstream as part of the suspended sediment load. Such metals combine with the suspended sediment such that there is a higher concentration of heavy metals with the finer grained, clay-rich component of the transported sediment. In such cases, the ultimate depositional environment of contaminated sediments bears little relation to the distant source regions of anthropogenic pollution. In an arid country like Australia, there are numerous coastal estuaries that are supplied with sediment transported down catchments that lack both industry and significant population centres. However such coastal estuaries are undergoing rapid population growth, even though in such regions the upstream catchment is notably lacking in population centres and industry. This provides an opportunity to study heavy metal additions and contamination in a post-depositional estuarine saline environment, in which relatively uncontaminated freshwater sediments are input into the system, mainly during seasonal flood events. This study demonstrates that transported sediments, derived from upcatchment, undergo post depositional transformations across the freshwater-marine boundary. As a result of these terrigenous, biogenic, authigenic and anthropogenic changes, estuarine sediments do not necessarily reflect the original source composition. Conservative elements, especially rare earth elements, were used to differentiate between original and post-depositional additions and transformations to the sediments of an estuarine system on the south coast of New South Wales, Australia, to show that metal contamination does not correlate wholly with sediment grain size, but also correlates with proximity to local townships surrounding part of an estuary. Metals such as Pb have been discriminated in terms of original, transported sediment compositions and local pollutant sources. Furthermore, analyses of baseline, spatial and temporal data has generated a methodology and conceptual framework for assessing anomalies, even when concentrations are low within apparently 'pristine' settings. This thesis identifies both natural and anthropogenic processes and contributions to estuarine sediments, and presents a methodology by which metal contamination of sediments and the potential future risks from remobilisation can be quantified.

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Kutlaca, Alex (Alexander). "Mechanisms of entry of lead-bearing dusts into houses in Port Pirie." 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk973.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 395-473. Research is directed toward demonstrating spatial variability in dust lead contamination patterns both statically and dynamically within the confines of vacant test houses, thus eliciting specific entrance pathways.

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Kutlaca, Alex (Alexander). "Mechanisms of entry of lead-bearing dusts into houses in Port Pirie / Alex Kutlaca." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19193.

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Bibliography: leaves 395-473.
xxiii, 473 leaves : ill. (chiefly col.), maps (some col.) ; 30 cm.
Research is directed toward demonstrating spatial variability in dust lead contamination patterns both statically and dynamically within the confines of vacant test houses, thus eliciting specific entrance pathways.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Mawson Graduate Centre for Environmental Studies, 1999

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Loo, Maylene G. K. "Effects of wastewater effluent on macrobenthic infaunal communities at Christies Beach, South Australia / Maylene G K Loo." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21682.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 136-154)
xvii, 171 leaves ; ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm.
Aims to determine the effects of an outfall discharging secondarily treated wastewater effluent on benthic communities at Christies Beach with the specific objectives of: characterising the physical, biological and chemical environment of Gulf St Vincent and the study area region; ascertaining the extent to which effluent outfall has affected the macrobenthic infaunal community structure; characterising the structure of macrobenthic infaunal communities in the near shore water of the Adelaide metropolitan coast; and, determining the functional response through measurements of sediment community respiration to these changes.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Environmental Biology, 2001

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Loo, Maylene G. K. (Maylene Geok Kuan). "Effects of wastewater effluent on macrobenthic infaunal communities at Christies Beach, South Australia." 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl8625.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 136-154) Aims to determine the effects of an outfall discharging secondarily treated wastewater effluent on benthic communities at Christies Beach with the specific objectives of: characterising the physical, biological and chemical environment of Gulf St Vincent and the study area region; ascertaining the extent to which effluent outfall has affected the macrobenthic infaunal community structure; characterising the structure of macrobenthic infaunal communities in the near shore water of the Adelaide metropolitan coast; and, determining the functional response through measurements of sediment community respiration to these changes.

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Murphy, Sarah Elizabeth. "An investigation into the treatment efficiency of a primary pond in the Barker Inlet Stormwater Wetland System, South Australia." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122427.

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Provides insight into the pollutant removal ability of a primary pond in the Barker Inlet Wetland System, one of the largest constructed wetlands in the world. Results show that storm size influences pollutant removal, however significant removal was acheived across a wide range of flow conditions.
Thesis (M.Eng.Sc.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2000?

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