Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pollution concentration

Academic literature on the topic 'Pollution concentration'

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Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Pollution concentration"

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Šmelcerović, Miodrag. "VALORIZATION OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF SOUTH SERBIA FROM THE AIR QUALITY ASPECT." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 4 (December 10, 2018): 1329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij28041329m.

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The protection of the environment and people’s health from negative influences of the pollution of air as a medium of the environment requires constant observing of the air quality in accordance with international standards, the analysis of emission and imission of polluting matters in the air, and their connection with the sources of pollution. Having in mind the series of laws and delegated legislations which define the field of air pollution, it is necessary to closely observe these long-term processes, discovering cause-and-effect relationships between the activities of anthropogenic sources of emission of polluting matters and the level of air degradation. The relevant evaluation of the air quality of a certain area can be conducted if the level of concentration of polluting matters characteristic for the pollution sources of this area is observed in a longer period of time. The data obtained by the observation of the air pollution are the basis for creation of the recovery program of a certain area. Vranje is a town in South Serbia where there is a bigger number of anthropogenic pollution sources that can significantly diminish the air quality. The cause-and-effect relationship of the anthropogenic sources of pollution is conducted related to the analysis of systematized data which are in the relevant data base of the authorized institution The Institute of Public Health Vranje, for the time period between the year of 2012. and 2017. By the analysis of data of imission concentrations of typical polluting matters, the dominant polluting matters were determined on the territory of the town of Vranje, the ones that are the causers of the biggest air pollution and the risk for people’s health. Analysis of the concentration of soot, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides indicates their presence in the air of Vranje town area in concentrations that do not exceed the permitted limit values annually. The greatest pollution is caused by the soot content in the air, especially in the winter period when the highest number of days with the values above the limit was registered. By perceiving the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors, it is clear that the concentration of polluting matters can be decreased only by establishing control over anthropogenic sources of pollution, and thus it can be contributed to the improvement of the air quality of this urban environment.
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Šmelcerović, Miodrag. "AIR QUALITY AT THE TERRITORY OF THE CITY OF LESKOVAC." Knowledge International Journal 29, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij2901077m.

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The protection of the environment and people’s health from negative influences of the pollution of air as a medium of the environment requires constant observing of the air quality in accordance with international standards, the analysis of emission and imission of polluting matters in the air, and their connection with the sources of pollution. Having in mind the series of laws and delegated legislations which define the field of air pollution, it is necessary to closely observe these long-term processes, discovering cause-and-effect relationships between the activities of anthropogenic sources of emission of polluting matters and the level of air degradation. The relevant evaluation of the air quality of a certain area can be conducted if the level of concentration of polluting matters characteristic for the pollution sources of this area is observed in a longer period of time. The data obtained by the observation of the air pollution are the basis for creation of the recovery program of a certain area. Leskovac is a town in South Serbia where there is a bigger number of anthropogenic pollution sources that can significantly diminish the air quality. The cause-and-effect relationship of the anthropogenic sources of pollution is conducted related to the analysis of systematized data which are in the relevant data base of the authorized institution The Institute of Public Health, for the time period between the year of 2012. and 2017. By the analysis of data of imission concentrations of typical polluting matters, the dominant polluting matters were determined on the territory of the town of Leskovac, the ones that are the causers of the biggest air pollution and the risk for people’s health. Analysis of the concentration of soot, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides indicates their presence in the air of Leskovac town area in concentrations that do not exceed the permitted limit values annually. The greatest pollution is caused by the soot content in the air, especially in the winter period when the highest number of days with the values above the limit was registered. By perceiving the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors, it is clear that the concentration of polluting matters can be decreased only by establishing control over anthropogenic sources of pollution, and thus it can be contributed to the improvement of the air quality of this urban environment.
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Carmen, Florean, Henriette Szilagyi, and Andreea Hegyi. "Environment and Pollution Management of Pollution Volatile Organic Compounds in Cluj-Napoca." Present Environment and Sustainable Development 10, no. 2 (October 1, 2016): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pesd-2016-0038.

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Abstract Pollution negative influences the environmental, human health, buildings and increase the production of waste. We are currently witnessing pollution and degradation in some cases irreversible, of the environment. Environmental issues are extremely complex and cover all sectors. Worldwide, industrial pollution strategies necessary to reduce emissions to the atmosphere hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other polluants in urban areas. The highest concentrations of volatile organic compounds of more than 80 mg/m3 occur in densely populated areas. The latest data reported in the residential area of Cluj-Napoca values did not exceed 20 m /m3. However peaks reported VOC concentrations, depending on the season, exceeding the upper limit that according to Law. 104/2011 is 75 μ/m3. It was identified due to increase annual mean concentration of VOCs as, in particular, road traffic exceeding sanitary standards on the main traffic routes within the city. In this paper the results obtained after carrying out an analysis of the average VOC concentration recorded in the city Cluj-Napoca as a result of car traffic. They were pursued average concentrations of VOCs resulting from the combustion of liquid fuels, petrol and diesel type. Analyzing the results obtained are proposed solutions for reducing VOC emissions. The rule under which these solutions have been proposed to reduce the concentration of VOCs took into account the possibility implementation and maintenance costs thereof.
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Wu, Shanshan, and C. James Hueng. "Concentration of industrial pollution in China." Applied Economics Letters 26, no. 16 (January 2, 2019): 1339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2018.1558336.

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Baltrenas, Pranas, Danguole Kaziukoniene, and Mindaugas Kvasauskas. "AIR POLLUTION AT PARKING‐LOTS OF VILNIUS." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 12, no. 1 (March 31, 2004): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2004.9636813.

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The expansion of Vilnius creates the need for the installation of new parking facilities. This problem could be solved by establishing guarded parking‐lots or modern underground and multi‐storey garages, in order to economize useful land and comply with the requirements of environmentalists. Investigation was carried out on parking‐lots of Vilnius. All the guarded parking‐lots are divided into three types in accordance with the size of the lot and the type of vehicles parked on it. Measurements were carried out at a lot of each type. The concentrations of hydrocarbons, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and dust were measured. Guarded parking‐lots located at the crossroad of Ateities and L. Giros streets, on Architektu and Č. Sugiharos streets were selected for the investigation. The parking‐lot located at the crossroad of Ateities and L. Giros streets had the highest concentration of nitric oxide overrunning the permitted concentration up to 1,9 times. Besides, the concentration of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons also overran the permitted norms. The lowest concentrations were found after measuring dust concentration in the air.
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Meng, Hongling, Kaiguang Zhang, Mingting Ba, and Yanmin Sun. "SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION ANALYSIS OF CITY PM2.5 CONCENTRATION IN HENAN." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 8 (August 31, 2019): 454–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i8.2019.699.

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PM2.5 has become the main pollutant of air pollution in China, and PM2.5 pollution control is one of the important means of atmospheric environmental governance. Aiming on the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of regional PM2.5 concentration, this paper bases on the monitoring data of city PM2.5 concentration in Henan Province from 2015 to 2018 to study the spatial autocorrelation characteristics of city PM2.5 concentration and explore the city PM2.5 concentration spatial relationship by using the geo-statistical analysis method. The results showed that: the PM2.5 concentration in Henan shows obvious seasonal variation characteristics, the PM2.5 concentrations in the northern cities are significantly higher than that in the southern cities. The PM2.5 concentrations in the northern cities vary significantly with the seasonal transition, PM2.5 pollution is mainly moderately and above polluted, the PM2.5 concentrations in southern cities vary little with the seasonal transition, PM2.5 pollution is mainly lightly polluted. The city PM2.5 concentration shows a trend of regional integration with the significant spatial autocorrelation, the global autocorrelation characteristic is independent of PM2.5 concentration. The city PM2.5 concentration also presents the characteristics of local instability, forms a High-High aggregation region centered on Xinxiang and Zhengzhou, the aggregation degree tends to be significant with the increase of PM2.5 concentration, the aggregation area gradually expands to northward. The PM2.5 concentration in Anyang is no significant autocorrelation with the PM2.5 concentrations in other cities of the province.
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Shevchenko, O., S. Snizhko, and N. Danilova. "Air pollution by nitrogen dioxide in Kiev city." Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal, no. 16 (October 29, 2017): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31481/uhmj.16.2015.01.

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In the article main nitrogen dioxide emissions sources in a big cities was analysed. Shown the temporal dynamics of average annual concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in Kiev city for time period 1985 - 2012, analyzed concentration of this pollutant in different part of the city and frequency of cases of maximum allowable concentration (MAC) exceeding. The highest concentrations of nitrogen dioxide observed in the central part of the city in some months the warm season. The frequency of cases exceeding of MAC in the air usually exceeds 50% and in the warm season 2012 average concentration of NO2 in the air has been very high and frequency of exceeding of MAC reached 100% in almost all monitoring stations. Studies show that in the warm season in the air of Kyiv regularly observed abnormally high concentrations of nitrogen dioxide, which is a precursor of photochemical smog, and under favorable meteorological conditions will result in the formation of this negative phenomenon in the atmosphere of the city.
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Liu, Jun Xiu, Peng Yang, A. Gu Da Mu Liu, and Jie Liu. "Characteristics of Heavy Atmospheric Particulate Pollution under Beijing Fog and Haze." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 1338–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.1338.

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Three consecutive severe traffic monitoring points collected in different atmospheric particulate pollution concentrations data during February 2014 in Beijing. The results show that the hourly mean concentration of PM2.5 often exceeded 200 ug/m3, with a maximum concentration of 300 ug/m3on Feb.22,2014. The hourly mean concentration of PM10 either exceeded 258 ug/m3.The concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 was significantly increased during haze events, especially PM2.5 concentrations increased gradually and a slight decline in the middle, then rise.
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Tomei, Francesco, Maria Valeria Rosati, Manuela Ciarrocca, Maria Rosaria Marchetti, Tiziana Paola Baccolo, Vincenza Anzelmo, and Enrico Tomao. "Urban pollution and nickel concentration in serum." International Journal of Environmental Health Research 14, no. 1 (February 2004): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09603120310001616119.

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Salazar, Cristian, Anna I. Kurbatova, and Milana E. Kupriyanova. "Quito’s coronavirus curfew: Escalating tropospheric ozone pollution." E3S Web of Conferences 211 (2020): 04008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021104008.

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The effect of the curfew due to the pandemic of Covid-19 virus on the levels of air pollution in the historic center of Quito was evaluated with a focus on tropospheric ozone (O3). During the curfew period the daily O3 mean concentration increased by 96%, 109% and 95% in comparison to the concentrations for the same period in the years 2017, 2018 and 2019. This increase is mainly explained by considerable reduction in NOx emissions, thus there was little titration of ozone accumulated in the city environment due to its shallow boundary layer by NO, reaching its maximum concentration at midday. Among studied pollutants that influence O3 formation (CO, NO2, PM2.5) during the curfew the contaminant that showed the greatest reduction in the mean concentration compared to three previous years was NO2, followed by CO and PM2.5. The daily O3 8-hour mean concentrations during the curfew both on weekdays and weekends were lower than the limit values. These results are relevant for designing abatement policies of secondary pollutants such as O3 under strict measures of control of primary pollutant emissions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pollution concentration"

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Dinis, Teresa Beatriz Vide. "Concentration of human pollution tracers with ionic liquids." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/16145.

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Mestrado em Biotecnologia - Biotecnologia Industrial e Ambiental
The main objective of the present thesis consists on the development of an analytical preconcentration technology for the concomitant extraction and concentration of human pollution tracers from wastewater streams. Due to the outstanding tunable properties of ionic liquids (ILs), aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) composed of ILs can provide higher and more selective extraction efficiencies for a wide range of compounds, being thus a promising alternative to the volatile and hazardous organic solvents (VOCs) typically used. For that purpose, IL-based ABS were employed and adequately characterized as an one-step extraction and concentration technique. The applicability of IL-based ABS was verified by their potential to completely extract and concentrate two representative pharmaceutical pollution tracers, namely caffeine (CAF) and carbamazepine (CBZ), from wastewaters. The low concentration of these persistent pollutants (usually found in μg·dm-3 and ng·dm-3 levels, respectively) by conventional analytical equipment does not permit a proper detection and quantification without a previous concentration step. Preconcentration methods commonly applied are costly, timeconsuming, with irregular recoveries and make use of VOCs. In this work, the ABS composed of the IL tetrabutylammonium chloride ([N4444]Cl) and the salt potassium citrate (K3[C6H5O7]) was investigated while demonstrating to be able to completely extract and concentrate CAF and CBZ, in a single-step, overcoming thus the detection limit of the applied analytical equipment. Finally, the hydrotropic effect responsible for the ability of IL-based ABS to extract and concentrate a wide variety of compounds was also investigated. It was shown that the IL rules the hydrotropic mechanism in the solubility of CAF in aqueous solutions, with an increase in solubility up to 4-fold. Moreover, the proper selection of the IL enables the design of the system that leads to a more enhanced solubility of a given solute in the IL-rich phase, while allowing a better extraction and concentration. IL-based ABS are a promising and more versatile technique, and are straightforwardly envisaged as selective extraction and concentration routes of target micropollutants from wastewater matrices.
A presente tese tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de uma tecnologia de pré-concentração para uma avaliação correta da presença de marcadores de poluição antropogénica em águas residuais. Devido à capacidade excecional que os líquidos iónicos (LIs) apresentam no que respeita ao ajuste das suas propriedades físicas e químicas, os sistemas aquosos bifásicos (SAB) constituídos por LIs providenciam eficiências de extração mais elevadas e específicas para os mais variados compostos, e substituindo o uso de solventes orgânicos voláteis (SOV). Deste modo, SAB constituídos por LIs foram estudados e caracterizados neste trabalho como uma técnica de extração e concentração simultâneas. Numa primeira etapa, os SAB constituídos por LIs foram estudados como potenciais plataformas para extrair e concentrar dois fármacos geralmente usados como marcadores de poluição humana, nomeadamente cafeína (CAF) e carbamazepina (CBZ). A presença destes dois poluentes persistentes em concentrações reduzidas (na ordem dos μg·dm-3 e ng·dm-3, respetivamente) nas águas residuais não permite uma correta deteção e quantificação pelos equipamentos normalmente utilizados para o efeito, sem que haja uma etapa prévia de concentração. Contudo, os métodos de pré-concentração normalmente aplicados apresentam várias desvantagens, tais como um custo elevado, um tempo laboral moroso, taxas de recuperação irregulares e o uso de SOV. Assim sendo, estudou-se um SAB constituído pelo LI cloreto de tetrabutilamónio ([N4444]Cl) e pelo sal biodegradável citrato de potássio (K3[C6H5O7]) para extrair e concentrar CAF e CBZ num único passo, superando assim os baixos limites de deteção do equipamento analítico utilizado para a quantificação de marcadores de poluição humana. Por último, foi estudado o efeito hidrotrópico providenciado pelos LIs que se refletem na capacidade destes sistemas para extrair e concentrar os mais variados compostos. Verificou-se que o LI é responsável pelo efeito hidrotrópico, permitindo um aumento da solubilidade da CAF em soluções aquosas, e até de 4 vezes. Além disso, uma escolha adequada do LI permite definir um sistema específico para melhorar a solubilidade de um composto na fase rica em LI, garantindo portanto o desenvolvimento de uma plataforma para extração e concentração com elevada eficiência. Os SAB constituídos por LIs foram aqui demonstrados como uma técnica alternativa mais versátil e promissora para a extração e concentração simultâneas, permitindo uma monitorização adequada de compostos vestigiais em matrizes das águas residuais.
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Adkins, Robert Lloyd. "The determination, distribution and concentration of selenium in natural waters." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244036.

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Donnelly, Alan Paul. "On-line concentration measurement and separation of oil from produced water." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/506.

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Lee, Jongchun. "Measurement uncertainty in contaminated land investigations related to analyte concentration and cost." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8589.

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Kozawa, Kathleen Hiromi. "Investigation of pollution concentrations and pollution concentration gradients in communities adjacent to the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach using a mobile monitoring platform." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1723112471&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Chernicharo, Carlos Augusto de Lemos. "The effect of temperature and substrate concentration on the performance of U.A.S.B. reactors." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308963.

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Liu, Catherine Yuen Yiu. "Cometabolic degradation of MTBE at low concentration." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3037520.

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Ride, D. J. "Modelling fluctuations in the concentration of neutrally buoyant substances in the atmosphere." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381357.

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Summers, Tim. "Fast-response FID measurement of SI engine residual gas hydrocarbon concentration." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272772.

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Al-Abri, Eman S. "Modelling atmospheric ozone concentration using machine learning algorithms." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/25091.

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Air quality monitoring is one of several important tasks carried out in the area of environmental science and engineering. Accordingly, the development of air quality predictive models can be very useful as such models can provide early warnings of pollution levels increasing to unsatisfactory levels. The literature review conducted within the research context of this thesis revealed that only a limited number of widely used machine learning algorithms have been employed for the modelling of the concentrations of atmospheric gases such as ozone, nitrogen oxides etc. Despite this observation the research and technology area of machine learning has recently advanced significantly with the introduction of ensemble learning techniques, convolutional and deep neural networks etc. Given these observations the research presented in this thesis aims to investigate the effective use of ensemble learning algorithms with optimised algorithmic settings and the appropriate choice of base layer algorithms to create effective and efficient models for the prediction and forecasting of specifically, ground level ozone (O3). Three main research contributions have been made by this thesis in the application area of modelling O3 concentrations. As the first contribution, the performance of several ensemble learning (Homogeneous and Heterogonous) algorithms were investigated and compared with all popular and widely used single base learning algorithms. The results have showed impressive prediction performance improvement obtainable by using meta learning (Bagging, Stacking, and Voting) algorithms. The performances of the three investigated meta learning algorithms were similar in nature giving an average 0.91 correlation coefficient, in prediction accuracy. Thus as a second contribution, the effective use of feature selection and parameter based optimisation was carried out in conjunction with the application of Multilayer Perceptron, Support Vector Machines, Random Forest and Bagging based learning techniques providing significant improvements in prediction accuracy. The third contribution of research presented in this thesis includes the univariate and multivariate forecasting of ozone concentrations based of optimised Ensemble Learning algorithms. The results reported supersedes the accuracy levels reported in forecasting Ozone concentration variations based on widely used, single base learning algorithms. In summary the research conducted within this thesis bridges an existing research gap in big data analytics related to environment pollution modelling, prediction and forecasting where present research is largely limited to using standard learning algorithms such as Artificial Neural Networks and Support Vector Machines often available within popular commercial software packages.
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Books on the topic "Pollution concentration"

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Stochastic models of air pollutant concentration. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1985.

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Bird, G. A. Nuclide concentration factors for freshwater biota. Pinawa, Man: AECL, Whiteshell Laboratories, 1996.

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Chan, Walter H. Air concentration and dry deposition fields of pollutants in Ontario, 1982. Toronto: Ontario Ministry of the Environment, 1985.

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Ross, D. G. CITPUFF: A Gaussian puff model for estimating pollutant concentration in complex terrain. Fort Collins, Colo: Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1985.

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Wilson, D. J. Plume dynamics and concentration fluctuations in gas emissions. Edmonton, Alta: Alberta Environment, 1986.

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Melcher, Heather A. Concentration of faecal coliform bacteria in Prince Edward Island headwater streams. Charlottetown: Prince Edward Island, Fisheries, Aquaculture and Environment, 2001.

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Turner, D. Bruce. TUPOS-P: A program for analyzing hourly and partial concentration files produced by TUPOS. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atmospheric Sciences Research Laboratory, 1986.

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Turner, D. Bruce. TUPOS-P: A program for analyzing hourly and partial concentration files produced by TUPOS. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atmospheric Sciences Research Laboratory, 1986.

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Turner, D. Bruce. TUPOS-P: A program for analyzing hourly and partial concentration files produced by TUPOS. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atmospheric Sciences Research Laboratory, 1986.

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Turner, D. Bruce. TUPOS-P: A program for analyzing hourly and partial concentration files produced by TUPOS. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atmospheric Sciences Research Laboratory, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pollution concentration"

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Sykes, R. Ian. "Concentration Fluctuations in Dispersing Plumes." In Lectures on Air Pollution Modeling, 325–56. Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-935704-16-4_8.

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Gautam, Jyoti, Arushi Gupta, Kavya Gupta, and Mahima Tiwari. "Air Pollution Concentration Calculation and Prediction." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 245–51. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2285-3_30.

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Price, Carmel E., and Ben Feldmeyer. "Immigrant Concentration Impact on Air Pollution." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 3082–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_4090.

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Mylne, Kenneth R. "Experimental Measurements of Concentration Fluctuations." In Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application VII, 555–65. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6409-6_45.

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Osmanov, B. S., A. N. Safarov, I. Kholbaev, and A. A. Yulchiev. "The Concentration of Radionuclides in Several Foodstuff." In Environmental Protection Against Radioactive Pollution, 95–96. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0975-1_16.

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Rajendiran, S., T. Basanta Singh, J. K. Saha, M. Vassanda Coumar, M. L. Dotaniya, S. Kundu, and A. K. Patra. "Spatial Distribution and Baseline Concentration of Heavy Metals in Swell–Shrink Soils of Madhya Pradesh, India." In Environmental Pollution, 135–45. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5792-2_11.

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Deardorff, James W., and Glen E. Willis. "Concentration Fluctuations Within a Laboratory Convectively Mixed Layer." In Lectures on Air Pollution Modeling, 357–84. Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-935704-16-4_9.

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Mortarini, Luca, and Enrico Ferrero. "Fast Model to Compute the Concentration Covariance of Two Passive Scalars from Their Mean Concentration Field." In Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXI, 97–101. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1359-8_17.

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Nunnari, G., and A. Nucifora. "A Neural Prediction Model for the Maximum Daily Ozone Concentration." In Air Pollution Modelling and Simulation, 557–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04956-3_54.

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Haase, Peggy, Uwe Schlink, and Matthias Richter. "Non-parametric Short-Term Prediction of Ozone Concentration in Berlin: Preconditions and Justification." In Air Pollution Modelling and Simulation, 527–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04956-3_50.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pollution concentration"

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ALVES, LUCAS, ERICK GIOVANI SPERANDIO NASCIMENTO, and DAVIDSON MARTINS MOREIRA. "HOURLY TROPOSPHERIC OZONE CONCENTRATION FORECASTING USING DEEP LEARNING." In AIR POLLUTION 2019. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air190131.

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Garcia, J., R. Cerdeira, N. Tavares, and L. M. R. Coelho. "Personal exposure to particle concentration in a busy street." In AIR POLLUTION 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air120101.

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Tirabassi, T., M. T. Vilhena, and D. Buske. "A simple operative formula for ground level concentration from a point source." In AIR POLLUTION 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air120031.

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Wang, J. L., Y. H. Zhang, M. Shao, and X. L. Liu. "The quantitative relationship between visibility and mass concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing." In AIR POLLUTION 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air06059.

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Gwozdziewicz, M., A. Bauerek, and Z. Bzowski. "Impact of ground water level oscillations on lead concentration in the Jaworzno area." In WATER POLLUTION 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp060191.

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Lima, M. M. C. "Prediction of TSP concentration in a metallurgical city of Brazil using neural networks." In AIR POLLUTION 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air110101.

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CVITKOVIĆ, ANTE, KRUNOSLAV CAPAK, JASNA JURASOVIĆ, ANDREJA BARIŠIN, IGOR IVIĆ-HOFMAN, VEDRAN POLJAK, and MARIJANA VALJETIĆ. "METAL CONCENTRATION STUDY IN A POPULATION LIVING IN THE VICINITY OF AN OIL REFINERY." In AIR POLLUTION 2017. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air170251.

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Brizio, E., and G. Genon. "Definition of PM10emission factors from traffic: use of tracers and definition of background concentration." In AIR POLLUTION 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air080071.

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Sousa, S. I. V., F. G. Martins, M. C. Pereira, and M. C. M. Alvim-Ferraz. "Prediction of the next day maximum ozone concentration using multiple linear and principal component regressions." In AIR POLLUTION 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air06011.

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Sauvage, S., H. Plaisance, N. Locoge, P. Coddeville, and J. C. Galloo. "Trends and sources identification of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) concentration in rural areas in France." In AIR POLLUTION 2007. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air070221.

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Reports on the topic "Pollution concentration"

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Zhang, Speng, Qinwei Fu, Xin Jin, Junwen Tan, Xinrong Li, and Qinxiu Zhang. Association Between Air Pollution and the Prevalence of Allergic Rhinitis in Chinese Children: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.10.0094.

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Review question / Objective: For Chinese children, to explore whether air pollution increases the incidence of allergic rhinitis in children. Condition being studied: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common chronic inflammatory disease in the upper airways, causing nasal congestion, itching, runny nose, and sneezing. It has serious impacts on people's quality of lives, and affects economic growth indirectly. Epidemiological studies revealed that 10% to 40% of the population were suffering from AR worldwide. In addition, children are more likely to develop allergic rhinitis than adults. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in children is 25% worldwide, and 4% ~ 31% in China. Eligibility criteria: (1) Trials in which children were AR, and the diagnosis of "AR" was in line with the international guidelines. (2) Children’s age was limited of 0-18 years, and they were born and lived in China and at least one year of exposure to air pollution.(3) Air pollutant concentration in the test was derived from the mean value of data provided by ambient air detectors. (Include NO2, SO2, O3, PM10, PM2.5) (4) Literatures only include cross-sectional studies, cohort and case-control studies. (5) All of these articles provide data that allows us to calculate 95% confidence interval (CI) of the influence of air pollutants on AR. (6) Trials published in English only.
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Kwon, Jaymin, Yushin Ahn, and Steve Chung. Spatio-Temporal Analysis of the Roadside Transportation Related Air Quality (STARTRAQ) and Neighborhood Characterization. Mineta Transportation Institute, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2010.

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To promote active transportation modes (such as bike ride and walking), and to create safer communities for easier access to transit, it is essential to provide consolidated data-driven transportation information to the public. The relevant and timely information from data facilitates the improvement of decision-making processes for the establishment of public policy and urban planning for sustainable growth, and for promoting public health in the region. For the characterization of the spatial variation of transportation-emitted air pollution in the Fresno/Clovis neighborhood in California, various species of particulate matters emitted from traffic sources were measured using real-time monitors and GPS loggers at over 100 neighborhood walking routes within 58 census tracts from the previous research, Children’s Health to Air Pollution Study - San Joaquin Valley (CHAPS-SJV). Roadside air pollution data show that PM2.5, black carbon, and PAHs were significantly elevated in the neighborhood walking air samples compared to indoor air or the ambient monitoring station in the Central Fresno area due to the immediate source proximity. The simultaneous parallel measurements in two neighborhoods which are distinctively different areas (High diesel High poverty vs. Low diesel Low poverty) showed that the higher pollution levels were observed when more frequent vehicular activities were occurring around the neighborhoods. Elevated PM2.5 concentrations near the roadways were evident with a high volume of traffic and in regions with more unpaved areas. Neighborhood walking air samples were influenced by immediate roadway traffic conditions, such as encounters with diesel trucks, approaching in close proximity to freeways and/or busy roadways, passing cigarette smokers, and gardening activity. The elevated black carbon concentrations occur near the highway corridors and regions with high diesel traffic and high industry. This project provides consolidated data-driven transportation information to the public including: 1. Transportation-related particle pollution data 2. Spatial analyses of geocoded vehicle emissions 3. Neighborhood characterization for the built environment such as cities, buildings, roads, parks, walkways, etc.
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Desiderati, Christopher. Carli Creek Regional Water Quality Project: Assessing Water Quality Improvement at an Urban Stormwater Constructed Wetland. Portland State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/mem.78.

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Stormwater management is an ongoing challenge in the United States and the world at-large. As state and municipal agencies grapple with conflicting interests like encouraging land development, complying with permits to control stormwater discharges, “urban stream syndrome” effects, and charges to steward natural resources for the long-term, some agencies may turn to constructed wetlands (CWs) as aesthetically pleasing and functional natural analogs for attenuating pollution delivered by stormwater runoff to rivers and streams. Constructed wetlands retain pollutants via common physical, physicochemical, and biological principles such as settling, adsorption, or plant and algae uptake. The efficacy of constructed wetlands for pollutant attenuation varies depending on many factors such as flow rate, pollutant loading, maintenance practices, and design features. In 2018, the culmination of efforts by Clackamas Water Environment Services and others led to the opening of the Carli Creek Water Quality Project, a 15-acre constructed wetland adjacent to Carli Creek, a small, 3500-ft tributary of the Clackamas River in Clackamas County, OR. The combined creek and constructed wetland drain an industrialized, 438-acre, impervious catchment. The wetland consists of a linear series of a detention pond and three bioretention treatment cells, contributing a combined 1.8 acres of treatment area (a 1:243 ratio with the catchment) and 3.3 acre-feet of total runoff storage. In this study, raw pollutant concentrations in runoff were evaluated against International Stormwater BMP database benchmarks and Oregon Water Quality Criteria. Concentration and mass-based reductions were calculated for 10 specific pollutants and compared to daily precipitation totals from a nearby precipitation station. Mass-based reductions were generally higher for all pollutants, largely due to runoff volume reduction on the treatment terrace. Concentration-based reductions were highly variable, and suggested export of certain pollutants (e.g., ammonia), even when reporting on a mass-basis. Mass load reductions on the terrace for total dissolved solids, nitrate+nitrite, dissolved lead, and dissolved copper were 43.3 ± 10%, 41.9 ± 10%, 36.6 ± 13%, and 43.2 ± 16%, respectively. E. coli saw log-reductions ranging from -1.3 — 3.0 on the terrace, and -1.0 — 1.8 in the creek. Oregon Water Quality Criteria were consistently met at the two in-stream sites on Carli Creek for E. coli with one exception, and for dissolved cadmium, lead, zinc, and copper (with one exception for copper). However, dissolved total solids at the downstream Carli Creek site was above the Willamette River guidance value 100 mg/L roughly 71% of the time. The precipitation record during the study was useful for explaining certain pollutant reductions, as several mechanisms are driven by physical processes, however it was not definitive. The historic rain/snow/ice event in mid-February 2021 appeared to impact mass-based reductions for all metals. Qualitatively, precipitation seemed to have the largest effect on nutrient dynamics, specifically ammonia-nitrogen. Determining exact mechanisms of pollutant removals was outside the scope of this study. An improved flow record, more targeted storm sampling, or more comprehensive nutrient profiles could aid in answering important questions on dominant mechanisms of this new constructed wetland. This study is useful in establishing a framework and baseline for understanding this one-of-a-kind regional stormwater treatment project and pursuing further questions in the future.
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Castellano, Mike J., Abraham G. Shaviv, Raphael Linker, and Matt Liebman. Improving nitrogen availability indicators by emphasizing correlations between gross nitrogen mineralization and the quality and quantity of labile soil organic matter fractions. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597926.bard.

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A major goal in Israeli and U.S. agroecosystems is to maximize nitrogen availability to crops while minimizing nitrogen losses to air and water resources. This goal has presented a significant challenge to global agronomists and scientists because crops require large inputs of nitrogen (N) fertilizer to maximize yield, but N fertilizers are easily lost to surrounding ecosystems where they contribute to water pollution and greenhouse gas concentrations. Determination of the optimum N fertilizer input is complex because the amount of N produced from soil organic matter varies with time, space and management. Indicators of soil N availability may help to guide requirements for N fertilizer inputs and are increasingly viewed as indicators of soil health To address these challenges and improve N availability indicators, project 4550 “Improving nitrogen availability indicators by emphasizing correlations between gross nitrogen mineralization and the quality and quantity of labile organic matter fractions” addressed the following objectives: Link the quantity and quality of labile soil organic matter fractions to indicators of soil fertility and environmental quality including: i) laboratory potential net N mineralization ii) in situ gross N mineralization iii) in situ N accumulation on ion exchange resins iv) crop uptake of N from mineralized soil organic matter sources (non-fertilizer N), and v) soil nitrate pool size. Evaluate and compare the potential for hot water extractable organic matter (HWEOM) and particulate organic matter quantity and quality to characterize soil N dynamics in biophysically variable Israeli and U.S. agroecosystems that are managed with different N fertility sources. Ultimately, we sought to determine if nitrogen availability indicators are the same for i) gross vs. potential net N mineralization processes, ii) diverse agroecosystems (Israel vs. US) and, iii) management strategies (organic vs. inorganic N fertility sources). Nitrogen availability indicators significantly differed for gross vs. potential N mineralization processes. These results highlight that different mechanisms control each process. Although most research on N availability indicators focuses on potential net N mineralization, new research highlights that gross N mineralization may better reflect plant N availability. Results from this project identify the use of ion exchange resin (IERs) beads as a potential technical advance to improve N mineralization assays and predictors of N availability. The IERs mimic the rhizosphere by protecting mineralized N from loss and immobilization. As a result, the IERs may save time and money by providing a measurement of N mineralization that is more similar to the costly and time consuming measurement of gross N mineralization. In further search of more accurate and cost-effective predictors of N dynamics, Excitation- Emission Matrix (EEM) spectroscopy analysis of HWEOM solution has the potential to provide reliable indicators for changes in HWEOM over time. These results demonstrated that conventional methods of labile soil organic matter quantity (HWEOM) coupled with new analyses (EEM) may be used to obtain more detailed information about N dynamics. Across Israeli and US soils with organic and inorganic based N fertility sources, multiple linear regression models were developed to predict gross and potential N mineralization. The use of N availability indicators is increasing as they are incorporated into soil health assessments and agroecosystem models that guide N inputs. Results from this project suggest that some soil variables can universally predict these important ecosystem process across diverse soils, climate and agronomic management. BARD Report - Project4550 Page 2 of 249
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