Journal articles on the topic 'Pollutants and Bacteria'
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1
Shahid, Munazzam Jawad, Ameena A. AL-surhanee, Fayza Kouadri, Shafaqat Ali, Neeha Nawaz, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Rizwan, Basharat Ali, and Mona H. Soliman. "Role of Microorganisms in the Remediation of Wastewater in Floating Treatment Wetlands: A Review." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 10, 2020): 5559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145559.
Abstract:
This article provides useful information for understanding the specific role of microbes in the pollutant removal process in floating treatment wetlands (FTWs). The current literature is collected and organized to provide an insight into the specific role of microbes toward plants and pollutants. Several aspects are discussed, such as important components of FTWs, common bacterial species, rhizospheric and endophytes bacteria, and their specific role in the pollutant removal process. The roots of plants release oxygen and exudates, which act as a substrate for microbial growth. The bacteria attach themselves to the roots and form biofilms to get nutrients from the plants. Along the plants, the microbial community also influences the performance of FTWs. The bacterial community contributes to the removal of nitrogen, phosphorus, toxic metals, hydrocarbon, and organic compounds. Plant–microbe interaction breaks down complex compounds into simple nutrients, mobilizes metal ions, and increases the uptake of pollutants by plants. The inoculation of the roots of plants with acclimatized microbes may improve the phytoremediation potential of FTWs. The bacteria also encourage plant growth and the bioavailability of toxic pollutants and can alleviate metal toxicity.
2
Guo, Baoyou, Baolei Liu, Jun Chen, Chuan Jing, Ming Zhong, and Qi Shan. "Prospect Research on the Diversity of Extracellular Mineralization Process Induced by Mineralizing Microorganisms and Its Use as a Treatment for Soil Pollutants." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (March 9, 2023): 4858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15064858.
Abstract:
Microbial-induced mineralization is a process in which metal ions in the environment are processed by microorganisms, forming deposits of crystals with cementing and void-filling functions. Cementing crystals can fix metal ions, reduce permeability, improve soil strength, and play a positive role in soil remediation and pollution control. This paper first introduces the principle of microbial-induced mineralization and analyzes its mechanism of action in the treatment of soil organic and inorganic pollutants. Then, the mineralization principle of different types of mineralized bacteria in soil (fungal metabolism involving organic acid complexation and metabolic urease catalysis, sulfur oxidation by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, dissimilatory sulfate reduction by sulfate-reducing bacteria, ammonification by ammoniating bacteria, reverse digestion by denitrifying bacteria, urease catalysis by urease-producing bacteria, acetic acid fermentation by methanogenic bacteria, and H2/CO2 reduction) is elaborated, the influencing factors in the treatment of soil pollutants by mineralization technology in practical application are analyzed, and the current status of mineralization treatment for different types of pollutants is summarized. Finally, the future prospects of soil pollutant treatment are outlined to promote research into microbial-induced mineralization technology for the treatment of soil pollutants.
3
Wu, Yichao, Anee Mohanty, Wu Siang Chia, and Bin Cao. "Influence of 3-Chloroaniline on the Biofilm Lifestyle of Comamonas testosteroni and Its Implications on Bioaugmentation." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82, no. 14 (May 13, 2016): 4401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00874-16.
Abstract:
ABSTRACTBioaugmentation has been frequently proposed in wastewater and soil treatment to remove toxic aromatic compounds. The performance of bioaugmentation is affected by a number of biological and environmental factors, including the interaction between the target pollutant and the augmented bacterial cells. In this study, usingComamonas testosteroniand 3-chloroaniline (3-CA) as the model organism and target pollutant, we explored the influence of toxic aromatic pollutants on the biofilm lifestyle of bacteria capable of degrading aromatic compounds toward a better understanding of cell-pollutant interaction in bioaugmentation. Our results showed that the exposure to 3-CA greatly reduced the retention ofC. testosteronicells in packed-bed bioreactors (from 22% to 15% after three pore volumes), which could be attributed to the altered bacterial motility and cell surface hydrophobicity. To further understand the molecular mechanisms, we employed an integrated genomic and transcriptomic analysis to examine the influence of 3-CA on the expression of genes important to the biofilm lifestyle ofC. testosteroni. We found that exposure to 3-CA reduced the intracellular c-di-GMP level by downregulating the expression of genes encoding c-di-GMP synthases and induced massive cell dispersal from the biofilms. Our findings provide novel environmental implications on bioaugmentation, particularly in biofilm reactors, for the treatment of wastewater containing recalcitrant industrial pollutants.IMPORTANCEBioaugmentation is a bioremediation approach that often has been described in the literature but has almost never been successfully applied in practice. Many biological and environmental factors influence the overall performance of bioaugmentation. Among these, the interaction between the target pollutant and the augmented bacterial cells is one of the most important factors. In this study, we revealed the influence of toxic aromatic pollutants on the biofilm lifestyle of bacteria capable of degrading aromatic compounds toward a better understanding of cell-pollutant interaction in bioaugmentation. Our findings provide novel environmental implications on bioaugmentation for the treatment of wastewater containing recalcitrant industrial pollutants; in particular, the exposure to toxic pollutants may reduce the retention of augmented organisms in biofilm reactors by reducing the c-di-GMP level, and approaches to elevating or maintaining a high c-di-GMP level may be promising to establish and maintain sustainable bioaugmentation activity.
4
Khalid, Farah Eryssa, Zheng Syuen Lim, Suriana Sabri, Claudio Gomez-Fuentes, Azham Zulkharnain, and Siti Aqlima Ahmad. "Bioremediation of Diesel Contaminated Marine Water by Bacteria: A Review and Bibliometric Analysis." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 2 (February 3, 2021): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9020155.
Abstract:
Oil pollution can cause tremendous harm and risk to the water ecosystem and organisms due to the relatively recalcitrant hydrocarbon compounds. The current chemical method used to treat the ecosystem polluted with diesel is incompetent and expensive for a large-scale treatment. Thus, bioremediation technique seems urgent and requires more attention to solve the existing environmental problems. Biological agents, including microorganisms, carry out the biodegradation process where organic pollutants are mineralized into water, carbon dioxide, and less toxic compounds. Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria are ubiquitous in the nature and often exploited for their specialty to bioremediate the oil-polluted area. The capability of these bacteria to utilize hydrocarbon compounds as a carbon source is the main reason behind their species exploitation. Recently, microbial remediation by halophilic bacteria has received many positive feedbacks as an efficient pollutant degrader. These halophilic bacteria are also considered as suitable candidates for bioremediation in hypersaline environments. However, only a few microbial species have been isolated with limited available information on the biodegradation of organic pollutants by halophilic bacteria. The fundamental aspect for successful bioremediation includes selecting appropriate microbes with a high capability of pollutant degradation. Therefore, high salinity bacteria are remarkable microbes for diesel degradation. This paper provides an updated overview of diesel hydrocarbon degradation, the effects of oil spills on the environment and living organisms, and the potential role of high salinity bacteria to decontaminate the organic pollutants in the water environment.
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Yanuar, Adi Tiya, Abd Aziz Amin, Lutfi Ni'matus Salamah, Frentina Murty Sujadi, Ekwan Nofa Wiratno, Citra Satrya Utama Dewi, and Andi Kurniawan. "Oxygenase Enzyme Activity and Compound Profile in Hydrocarbon Bioremediation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Rhodococcus erythropolis Consortium." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 16, no. 1 (December 20, 2023): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v16i1.45528.
Abstract:
Abstract Hydrocarbon contamination is one of the most significant environmental problems, including in the marine environment. Several methods, such as chemical and physical remediation, have been constructed to remediate pollutants but remain side effects and have a relatively high cost. Bioremediation is an alternative method for degrading contaminants due to its eco-friendliness and low cost. During bioremediation, the enzyme oxygenase is produced by bacteria to degrade pollutants. However, the oxygenation enzyme's activity and compound profile during this bioremediation process are still sparsely explored. This study aimed to analyze oxygenation enzyme activity and compound profiles during the hydrocarbon bioremediation process by bacterial consortia of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Rhodococcus erythopolis. The materials of this research were the oxygenase enzyme activity, compound profile, and amount of BOD and COD during the bioremediation process. The results showed that the monooxygenase enzyme has activity between 0.257 and 3.859 U/mL. Meanwhile, the dioxygenase enzyme has activity between 0.579 and 5.402 U/mL. The final incubation compound profile found that Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (C17H34O2) decreased by up to 47.66%. Moreover, BOD and COD reductions were 68.59% and 67.51%, respectively. This study concluded that oxygenation enzymes were produced to degrade pollutant compounds during the hydrocarbon bioremediation process. Further research is needed to improve the effectiveness of bioremediation by enhancing enzyme activity. Highlight Research The potential of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria (Rhodococcus erythropolis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) for pollutant degradation in the marine environment. Enzyme activity of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria and degradation profile of pollutants. The dynamics of BOD and COD during the bioremediation process.
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Pittino, Francesca, Roberto Ambrosini, Roberto Azzoni, Guglielmina Diolaiuti, Sara Villa, Isabella Gandolfi, and Andrea Franzetti. "Post-Depositional Biodegradation Processes of Pollutants on Glacier Surfaces." Condensed Matter 3, no. 3 (August 11, 2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat3030024.
Abstract:
Glaciers are important fresh-water reservoirs for our planet. Although they are often located at high elevations or in remote areas, glacial ecosystems are not pristine, as many pollutants can undergo long-range atmospheric transport and be deposited on glacier surface, where they can be stored for long periods of time, and then be released into the down-valley ecosystems. Understanding the dynamics of these pollutants in glaciers is therefore important for assessing their environmental fate. To this aim, it is important to study cryoconite holes, small ponds filled with water and with a layer of sediment, the cryoconite, at the bottom, which occur on the surface of most glaciers. Indeed, these environments are hotspots of biodiversity on glacier surface as they host metabolically active bacterial communities that include generalist taxa able to degrade pollutants. In this work, we aim to review the studies that have already investigated pollutant (e.g., chlorpyrifos and polychlorinated-biphenyls (PCBs)) degradation in cryoconite holes and other supraglacial environmental matrices. These studies have revealed that bacteria play a significant role in pollutant degradation in these habitats and can be positively selected in contaminated environments. We will also provide indication for future research in this field.
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MARINESCU, Mariana, Anca LACATUSU, Eugenia GAMENT, Georgiana PLOPEANU, and Vera CARABULEA. "Bioremediation Potential of Native Hydrocarbons Degrading Bacteria in Crude Oil Polluted Soil." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture 74, no. 1 (May 19, 2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:12654.
Abstract:
Bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil is an effective process to clean petroleum pollutants from the environment. Crude oil bioremediation of soils is limited by the bacteria activity in degrading the spills hydrocarbons. Native crude oil degrading bacteria were isolated from different crude oil polluted soils. The isolated bacteria belong to the genera Pseudomonas, Mycobacterium, Arthrobacter and Bacillus. A natural biodegradable product and bacterial inoculum were used for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal from an artificial polluted soil. For soil polluted with 5% crude oil, the bacterial top, including those placed in the soil by inoculation was 30 days after impact, respectively 7 days after inoculum application, while in soil polluted with 10% crude oil, multiplication top of bacteria was observed in the determination made at 45 days after impact and 21 days after inoculum application, showing once again how necessary is for microorganisms habituation and adaptation to environment being a function of pollutant concentration. The microorganisms inoculated showed a slight adaptability in soil polluted with 5% crude oil, but complete inhibition in the first 30 days of experiment at 10% crude oil.
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RS, Ankhy, SJ Proma, N. Ahsan, F. Jeba, MS Islam, and A. Salam. "Multi-Drugs Resistant Bacteria Associated Particulate Matter In The Ambient Atmosphere of Dhaka, Bangladesh." Journal of Biodiversity Conservation and Bioresource Management 7, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcbm.v7i2.60145.
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Nowadays, air pollution is confined to the level of air pollutants and bio-aerosols since it might be pathogenic or induce allergic reactions. The research was carried out to discover the bacteria associated with suspended particulate matter in indoor and outdoor air, as well as to investigate their antibiotic susceptibility. The results revealed that the extent of outdoor air pollutants (i.e., PM2.5, PM10, HCHO, and TVOC) was significantly higher (p< 0.01) than the extent of indoor air pollutants. Culturing the sample filter paper in Nutrient Agar (NA) media at two different temperatures, 25°C and 37°C, allowed us to measure the quantity of bacteria in the air. The concentration of bacteria was 622±22 CFUm-3 at 26±2°C and 11±2 CFUm-3 at 20±2°C in both outdoor and indoor air, respectively. Positive Bacillus, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas stutzeri and Brevundimonas diminuta bacteria were identified. All of the identified bacteria were found to be pathogenic. Moreover, some of the identified bacteria showed resistance to some commercially available antibiotics, such as Cefixime, Ceftazimidine, Nalidixic acid, Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin, etc. The positive correlation between fine particles and the bacterial concentration (R2= 0.75 for indoor and R2= 0.68 for outdoor air) revealed that the bacteria were highly associated with fine particles than coarse particles. Furthermore, the number and growth of bacteria were affected by the meteorological parameters (i.e., temperature and relative humidity). The rise in relative humidity favoured the increase in bacterial concentration. Therefore, the risk of being affected by bioaerosol is higher in the wet season than that of the dry season. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2021, 7(2): 1-12
9
Kuiper, Irene, Ellen L. Lagendijk, Guido V. Bloemberg, and Ben J. J. Lugtenberg. "Rhizoremediation: A Beneficial Plant-Microbe Interaction." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 17, no. 1 (January 2004): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2004.17.1.6.
Abstract:
Worldwide, contamination of soil and ground water is a severe problem. The negative effects of pollutants on the environment and on human health are diverse and depend on the nature of the pollution. The search for alternative methods for excavation and incineration to clean polluted sites resulted in the application of bioremediation techniques. In this review, we describe some generally accepted bioremediation tools and subsequently focus on the combination of two approaches, phytoremediation and bioaugmentation, resulting in rhizoremediation. During rhizoremediation, exudates derived from the plant can help to stimulate the survival and action of bacteria, which subsequently results in a more efficient degradation of pollutants. The root system of plants can help to spread bacteria through soil and help to penetrate otherwise impermeable soil layers. The inoculation of pollutant-degrading bacteria on plant seed can be an important additive to improve the efficiency of phytoremediation or bioaugmentation.
10
Harpaz, Dorin, Robert S. Marks, Ariel Kushmaro, and Evgeni Eltzov. "Environmental pollutants induce noninherited antibiotic resistance to polymyxin B in Escherichia coli." Future Microbiology 15, no. 17 (November 2020): 1631–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fmb-2020-0172.
Abstract:
Aim: The mechanisms behind antibiotic resistance by bacteria are important to create alternative molecules. Objective: This study focuses on the impact of environmental pollutants on bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Materials & methods: The effect of various environmental pollutants on noninherited bacterial resistance to antibiotics was examined. Results: The tolerance to the polymyxin-B antibiotic was shown to be conferred to Escherichia coli, by pretreatment with subinhibitory concentrations of environmental toxicants. The cell survival to a sublethal dosage of antibiotics was tested. Exposure to low concentrations of toxic compounds (500 ppb copper, 2% [v/v] ethanol or 0.5 μg/ml trimethoprim) stimulated the bacterial heat shock systems and led to increased tolerance to polymyxin B. Conclusion: Environmental pollutants induce a temporary bacterial noninheritable resistance to antibiotic.
11
Enaigbe, A. A., O. S. Imade, O. A. Akpoka, E. Ufuah, O. E. Izevbuwa, and S. O. Okhuebor. "Characterization of Autochthonous Bacterial Isolates with The Potentiality to Degrade Spent Engine Oil from Contaminated Soil Area Enriched with Glycine max." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 24, no. 8 (September 9, 2020): 1463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v24i8.23.
Abstract:
This study was conducted to identify and characterize bacteria capable of degrading spent oil contaminated soil. The physicochemical parameters of used engine oil were analyzed according to existing standards, while the total heterotrophic plate counts (HBC) and hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria counts were ascertained with the pour plate methods using nutrient agar and minimal salt agar (MSA) media respectively. The results indicated a mean total HBC ranging from 2.86 ± 0.08 to 5.76 log10 CFU/g and mean hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial counts from 1.32 ± 0.09 to 3.82 ± 0.25 log10 CFU/g, with samples enriched with Glycine max (Soybean) recorded to have the highest bacterial counts. The phenotypic identification of the hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria as sources of carbon and energy showed the presence of two primary bacterial genera: Bacillus and Micrococcus.However, from the overall 50 counted colonies, the frequency of occurrence for Bacillus was 41 (82 %) whereas, the Micrococcus was (9) 18%. The obtained data, confirmed the breakdown capacity of autochthonous (indigenous) organisms notably; Bacillus in the reduction of pollutants linked with oil spillage. This provides for reliable and promising approach of ameliorating crude oil pollutants and its inherent threats.
Keywords: Soil, spent oil, Glycine max, degrading bacteria, isolation and bioremediation
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Oktavia, Rizka, and Sumardi Sumardi. "Kemampuan Bacillus sp. Sebagai Bioremediasi Bahan Pencemar." Jurnal Bioterdidik: Wahana Ekspresi Ilmiah 10, no. 2 (September 30, 2022): 110–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jbt.v10i2.23919.
Abstract:
The presence of heavy metal sources in inappropriate places can contaminate the surrounding soil, so that it will interfere with human and animal health if they enter the food chain. The purpose of writing this review is to determine the ability of Bacillus in bioremediation of pollutants and to determine the enzymes in Bacillus that are able to remediate pollutants. Monooxygenase enzymes and dioxygenase enzymes produced by bacteria can open carbon bonds in aromatic rings and produce primary alcohols. Dioxygenase enzymes produced by bacteria reduce PAHs and form cis-dihydrodiol. This compound is then dehydrogenated to form dihydroxy-PAH which is a substrate for the ring-opening enzyme. Through the addition of one oxygen molecule, the monooxygenase enzyme can also reduce PAH and form arene oxide, then these molecules will be used by bacteria as a source of nutrition. Bacillus bacteria are able to remediate various kinds of pollutants. These bacteria are able to reduce these pollutants because they have hydrocarbon enzymes that will break down harmful chemical compounds in pollutants into simpler compounds that can be used as energy sources.
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Khastini, Rida Oktorida, Laila Rahma Zahranie, Risma Aulia Rozma, and Yolanda Ade Saputri. "Review : Peranan Bakteri Pendegradasi Senyawa Pencemar Lingkungan melalui Proses Bioremediasi." Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/bioscientist.v10i1.4836.
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Pollutants can cause pollution and poisoning of biotic components in a natural ecosystem in dangerous compounds such as hydrocarbons, mercury, ammonium nitrogen, and difficult-to-degrade plastics. Therefore, bioremediation is used to manage and control pollutants through bacteria. This article provides an overview of the latest information regarding bacteria as bioremediation agents and the technology's mechanisms. The method used is qualitative data breakdown by observing and drawing conclusions in the journal to examine the role of bacteria as bioremediation agents for harmful pollutants. Based on the study, bacteria have a unique metabolism to degrade inorganic and organic pollutants such as hydrocarbons (including petroleum), diesel oil, ammonia nitrogen, cellulose, starch, fat, styrofoam, chromium, and heavy metals. Furthermore, the overall environmental conditions can also help the organisms involved to accelerate the bioremediation process.
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Quinn, Katherine, Sohrab Haghighi Mood, Elizabeth Cervantes, Manuel Garcia Perez, and Nehal I. Abu-Lail. "Forces Governing the Transport of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic Escherichia coli in Nitrogen and Magnesium Doped Biochar Amended Sand Columns." Microbiology Research 14, no. 1 (February 7, 2023): 218–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microbiolres14010018.
Abstract:
Background: Access to safe drinking water remains a global issue with fecal indicator bacteria being major pollutants. Biochars offer low-cost adsorbents for bacterial pathogens. A fundamental understanding of how biochars interact with bacterial pathogens is essential to designing effective biofilters. Methods: Water-saturated sand columns amended with Magnesium and Nitrogen-doped biochars produced by pyrolysis at 400, 500, 600, and 700 °C were used to Quantify the transport of pathogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 and nonpathogenic E. coli k12 strains in porous media. Measured data were modeled using DLVO theory of colloidal stability. were explored. Results: (1) Biochar is hydrophobic while sand and bacteria are hydrophilic; (2) all Gibbs free energy values quantified between E. coli O157:H7 and biochar were negative except for biochar produced at 700 °C; (3) all types of forces investigated (van der Waals, electrostatic, and acid-base interactions) played a role in governing the interactions between bacteria and biochar. Conclusions: (1) Adding doped biochar to sand at a 2% weight ratio enhanced the retention of bacterial cells in the sand/biochar columns; (2) bacterial transport is strain-dependent and mediated by various types of forces resulting from interactions between the various functional groups displayed on bacteria and biochar/sand. Our findings emphasize the importance of monitoring biochar’s functionality to eliminate bacterial pollutants from contaminated water.
15
Crebelli, R., S. Fuselli, G. Conti, and A. Carere. "Mutagenicity spectra of airborne pollutants in bacteria." Mutation Research/Environmental Mutagenesis and Related Subjects 271, no. 2 (1992): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1161(92)91209-a.
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Girotti, Stefano, Elida Nora Ferri, Maria Grazia Fumo, and Elisabetta Maiolini. "Monitoring of environmental pollutants by bioluminescent bacteria." Analytica Chimica Acta 608, no. 1 (February 2008): 2–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2007.12.008.
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Marzuki, Ismail. "The Bio-Adsorption Pattern Bacteria Symbiont Sponge Marine Against Contaminants Chromium and Manganese In The Waste Modification of Laboratory Scale." Jurnal Akta Kimia Indonesia (Indonesia Chimica Acta) 13, no. 1 (June 21, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/ica.v13i1.9972.
Abstract:
The use of sponge symbionts bacteria as marine biomaterials in the heavy metal bio-adsorption method is an effort to save the marine environment from contamination of heavy metal contaminants. The ocean is a giant container, most vulnerable to contamination of pollutants. The target of the research is to determine the potential, capacity and pattern of bio-adsorption of sponge symbionts bacteria against various pollutants so that the toxic properties of heavy metal contaminants can be minimize. The method used is to interact with the bacterial suspension on the test metal concentrations that have been determined. The parameters measured were optical density, pH and concentration of heavy metals after the interaction lasted several days and the calculation of capacity, efficiency and bio-adsorption patterns of bacterial isolates from sponges. Results: The pattern and bio-adsorption power of AC bacteria to Cr and Mn ions were higher than AC bacteria, the adaptability of AC and BS bacteria was stronger in Cr (III) contaminated media compared to Cr (VI) toxic media, causing bacterial cell population BS and AC in Cr (III) and Mn (II) media are more abundant than in Cr (VI) and Mn (VII) media, capacity and bio-adsorption efficiency of BS and AC bacteria agains Cr (III) ˃ Cr (VI) ions and Mn (II) ˃ Mn (VII), It is suspected that there is an influence of reactivity and toxic properties of the metal ion test on the performance of the sponge symbionts in bio-adsorption
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Bhtnagar, Anita, and Sapna Kalra. "Autochthonous antimicrobial microorganisms: application in wastewater treatment." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 14, no. 2 (June 18, 2022): 660–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v14i2.3462.
Abstract:
In the previous two decades, people's lifestyles have changed as a result of industrialization, urbanization, and modernity, resulting in a rise in pollutants in daily sewage wastewater output. Less than half of the sewage generated is processed in a sewage treatment facility, while the remaining gets discharged into rivers untreated, deviating physio-chemical parameters of river water from the standards and thus causing harm to aquatic ecosystems. Sewage water contains autochthonous bacteria such as Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus sp., Acinetobacter sp. and Rhodococcus sp that are effective in decontaminating wastewater. They employ a variety of mechanisms to consume pollutants, including biosorption, bioaccumulation and enzyme-mediated bioremediation, and thus can be used in bioremediation schemes. Bacteria possessing antimicrobial activity as well as protease production can be isolated from the wastewater and employed in the sewage treatment plant. The bacterial consortium has also been shown to be successful in wastewater treatment due to the synergistic degradation capabilities of the co- cultivated bacterial strains, which enhance the uptake rate of pollutants as nutrients. Environmental factors such as temperature, pH, oxygen, and nutrition availability at the site all affect the process outcome. The major focus of this review is to emphasize the bacterial capacity to clean wastewater as a single bacterial culture or as part of a bacterial consortium and the factor affecting the degradation process to achieve the requirement of a safer environment.
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Jasime, Shaima Fakhry, Khalid Falih Hassan, and Waleed Husain Salman. "Biodegradation of organic pollutants in oil industry waste water by Bacillus Bacteria." Journal of Biotechnology Research Center 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2013.7.1.243.
Abstract:
Bacillus apiarus, Bacillus filicolonicus and Bacillus laterosporus were used to degrade organic pollutants from final discharge of Al Dura wastewater treatment plant in Baghdad and reduce their concentrations by measuring Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP) in laboratories conditions of 25o c, pH 5.8-6.8 in batch culture system and 18hr period treatment, the bacteria Bacillus apiarus, Bacillus filicolonicus and Bacillus laterosporus showed ability to reduce COD concentration by(82, 88.5, 94)% and TOC concentration by (73, 82 ,84)% and TN concentration reduced by (86, 91, 81)% in 18 hr period treatment with highly significant differences P<0.01 for all bacterial treatments, the bacteria in the current study showed high ability to reduce TP concentration by 100% with highly significant differences P<0.01 for all bacterial treatments in 18hr period treatment.
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Zhang, Kai, Meng Liu, Xinlong Song, and Dongyu Wang. "Application of Luminescent Bacteria Bioassay in the Detection of Pollutants in Soil." Sustainability 15, no. 9 (April 28, 2023): 7351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15097351.
Abstract:
The luminescent bacteria bioassay has been commonly used in the detection of environmental pollutants. Compared with traditional chemical and other biological detection methods, the luminescent bacteria bioassay has many demonstrated advantages such as a sensitive response, low cost, high efficiency, and environmental friendliness. The traditional luminescent bacteria bioassay has poor reproducibility and cannot achieve undisturbed soil testing, and the use of leach liquor also affects the results. This paper reviews the research progress and existing issues for the traditional luminescent bacteria bioassay used in the detection of soil pollutants. The luminescence mechanisms and detection principles of three commonly used luminescent bacteria, i.e., Vibrio fischeri, Photobacterium phosphoreum, and Vibrio qinghaiensis, are discussed and compared. In addition, two new luminescent bacteria bioassays are introduced to detect soil pollutants. One method is based on recombinant luminescent bacteria obtained with a gene-modification technique. This method can realize specific detection and enhance sensitivity, but it still cannot achieve undisturbed soil detection. The other method involves using magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-based biosensors made from luminescent bacteria and MNPs. It can realize the accurate detection of the biological toxicity of the combined pollutants in soil without disturbing the soil’s integrity. This study shows that MNP-based biosensors have good application prospects in soil pollution detection, but the mechanism behind their utility still needs to be investigated to realize their popularization and application.
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Lalevic, Blazo, Jelena Jovic, Vera Raicevic, Igor Kljujev, Dragan Kikovic, and Saud Hamidovic. "Biodegradation of methyl tert-butyl ether by Kocuria sp." Chemical Industry 66, no. 5 (2012): 717–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind120110019l.
Abstract:
Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) has been used to replace the toxic compounds from gasoline and to reduce emission of air pollutants. Due to its intensive use, MTBE has become one of the most important environment pollutants. The aim of this paper is isolation and identification of the bacteria from wastewater sample of ?HIP Petrohemija? Pancevo (Serbia), capable of MTBE biodegradation. The results of the investigation showed that only the bacterial isolate 27/1 was capable of growth on MTBE. The result of sequence analyzes of 16S rDNA showed that this bacterial isolate belongs to the Kocuria sp. After the incubation period of 86 days, the degradation rates of initial MTBE concentration of 25 and 125 ?g/ml were 55 and 36%, respectively. These results indicated that bacteria Kocuria sp. is successfully adapted on MTBE and can be potentially used in bioremediation of soils and waters contaminated with MTBE.
22
Shahriarinour, Mahdi, Faten Divsar, Fereshteh Kamalpour Dahka, Sharareh Nezamivand Chegini, Mohamad Mahani, Arash Moeini, and Pierfrancesco Cerruti. "Biodegradation of Alprazolam in Pharmaceutical Wastewater Using Mesoporous Nanoparticles-Adhered Pseudomonas stutzeri." Molecules 27, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010237.
Abstract:
The release of pharmaceutical wastewaters in the environment is of great concern due to the presence of persistent organic pollutants with toxic effects on environment and human health. Treatment of these wastewaters with microorganisms has gained increasing attention, as they can efficiently biodegrade and remove contaminants from the aqueous environments. In this respect, bacterial immobilization with inorganic nanoparticles provides a number of advantages, in terms of ease of processing, increased concentration of the pollutant in proximity of the cell surface, and long-term reusability. In the present study, MCM-41 mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) were immobilized on a selected bacterial strain to remove alprazolam, a persistent pharmaceutical compound, from contaminated water. First, biodegrading microorganisms were collected from pharmaceutical wastewater, and Pseudomonas stutzeri was isolated as a bacterial strain showing high ability to tolerate and consume alprazolam as the only source for carbon and energy. Then, the ability of MSN-adhered Pseudomonas stutzeri bacteria was assessed to biodegrade alprazolam using quantitative HPLC analysis. The results indicated that after 20 days in optimum conditions, MSN-adhered bacterial cells achieved 96% biodegradation efficiency in comparison to the 87% biodegradation ability of Pseudomonas stutzeri freely suspended cells. Kinetic study showed that the degradation process obeys a first order reaction. In addition, the kinetic constants for the MSN-adhered bacteria were higher than those of the bacteria alone.
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OYEKAN, JOHN O., HUOSHENG HU, and DONGBING GU. "BIO-INSPIRED COVERAGE OF INVISIBLE HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES IN THE ENVIRONMENT." International Journal of Information Acquisition 07, no. 03 (September 2010): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219878910002154.
Abstract:
Inspired by the simplicity of how nature solves its problems, a controller based upon the bacteria chemotaxis behavior and flocking of starlings in nature is developed and presented. It would enable the localization and subsequent mapping of pollutants in the environment. The pollutants could range from chemical leaks to invisible air borne hazardous materials. Simulation is used to explore the feasibility of the proposed controller and then a brief discussion on how to implement it onto a real robotic platform is presented. By using the advantages offered by swarm robotics, it is possible to achieve a collective mapping of an invisible pollutant spread over a large area. The approach presented is very simple, computational efficient, easily tuned and yet highly effective (desirable characteristics of biological systems) in generating a representation of an invisible pollutant.
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Prayitno, Prayitno, Hadi Saroso, Sri Rulianah, and Mita Prastika. "THE INFLUENCE OF STARTER VOLUME AND AIR FLOWRATE IN HOSPITAL WASTE WATER TREATMENT USING AEROBIC FIXED FILM BIOFILTER BATCH (AF2B) REACTOR." Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan 6, no. 1 (May 24, 2017): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jbat.v6i1.7952.
Abstract:
BOD, COD, phenol and ammonia-free in the effluent of hospitals wastewater often exceed the quality standards. This was due to less optimal biological processes to degrade the pollutants. So we need an efforts to find optimal process conditions through the engineering process and the factors that affect the biodegradation of pollutants. On the other hand, AF2B reactor containing biofilter with bee nest shaped has a large specific surface area so as to maximize the biodegradation process of pollutants by microorganisms. While bacteria consortium consisting of several types of bacteria have a greater capacity than a single bacterium in the degradation of pollutants. The research aims to determine the effect of starter volume and air flowrate to decrease the concentration of pollutants (BOD, COD, phenol and ammonia-free) in AF2B reactor batch using a bacterial consortium. The research was conducted in three phase which are the making of growth curve, acclimatization and biodegradation of pollutants in an AF2B reactor batch using a bacterial consortium. The experiment variables are the starter volume (85%, 75%, 65% in volume), and the air flowrate (2.5; 5; and 7.5 liter/min). Materials used are hospital waste water and bacterial consortium. The experiment begins with setting up the AF2B reactor containing biofilter with bee nest shaped and then filled it with a starter from the acclimatization process on a given volume and followed by supplies of air at a certain flowrate. Then hospital waste water and 5% of nutrients were added till reach 10 liters of total volume in reactor. Samples were taken every 30 minutes for up to 360 minutes of biodegradation process. The samples were then analyzed its pollutants concentration (BOD, COD, phenol and ammonia-free). The BOD concentration was analyzed using Winkler bottles method, COD using open reflux method, while phenol and ammonia-free using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. The results showed that the starter volume and air flowrate affect the decrease of pollutants concentration till reach quality standard, which at starter volume of 85%, air flowrate of 7.5 liter/min and biodegradation time of 360 min can reduce the BOD, COD, phenol, and ammonia-free to 92%, 86%, 88% and 76% respectively.
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Travkin, Vasili, Dilmurod Morudullaev, Irina Artemyeva, Nataliya Suzina, and Inna Solyanikova. "Soil bacteria as a basis for sustainable development of the environment." E3S Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 01051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124701051.
Abstract:
Soil is an inexhaustible source of microorganisms of significant interest to biotechnology. Bacteria are able to control the growth of pathogenic microflora, stimulate plant growth, and decompose pollutants of varying degrees of toxicity. Bacteria make a significant contribution to the cycle of substances. The aim of this work was to isolate aerobic microorganisms from soil samples of two types - forest, without technogenic history, and agro-industrial, and to evaluate their properties. 15 strains of bacteria were isolated from forest soil, of which representatives of the genera Rhodococcus, Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter were able to degrade such persistent pollutants as chlorophenols, biphenyl and naphthalene. 77 strains were isolated from chernozem, of which 15 used benzoate as the sole source of carbon and energy. Thus, it has been shown that bacterial strains isolated from both forest and agricultural soil have a certain biodegradative activity, which allows them to reduce the level of pollution.
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Shushkova, T. V., D. O. Epiktetov, S. V. Tarlachkov, I. T. Ermakova, and A. A. Leontievskii. "Biodegradation of organophosphorus Pollutants by Soil Bacteria: Biochemical Aspects and Unsolved Problems." Biotekhnologiya 36, no. 4 (2020): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21519/0234-2758-2020-36-4-126-135.
Abstract:
The degradation of persistent organophosphorus pollutants have been studied in 6 soil bacterial isolates and in 3 bacterial strains adapted for utilization of glyphosate herbicide (GP) under laboratory conditions. Significant differences in the uptake of organophosphonates were found in taxonomically close strains possessing similar enzymatic pathways of catabolism of these compounds, which indicates the existence of unknown mechanisms of activity regulation of these enzymes. The effect of adaptation for GP utilization as a sole phosphorus source on assimilation rates of several other phosphonates was observed in studied bacteria. The newly found efficient stains provided up to 56% of GP decomposition after application to the soil in the laboratory. The unresolved problems of microbial GP metabolism and the trends for further research on the creation of reliable biologicals capable of decomposing organophosphonates in the environment are discussed. organophosphonates, glyphosate, biodegradation, bioremediation, C-P lyase, phosphonatase, degrading bacteria Investigation of phosphonatase and genome sequencing were supported by Russian Science Foundation Grant no. 18-074-00021.
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Miral, Alice, Adam Kautsky, Susete Alves-Carvalho, Ludovic Cottret, Anne-Yvonne Guillerm-Erckelboudt, Manon Buguet, Isabelle Rouaud, Sylvain Tranchimand, Sophie Tomasi, and Claudia Bartoli. "Rhizocarpon geographicum Lichen Discloses a Highly Diversified Microbiota Carrying Antibiotic Resistance and Persistent Organic Pollutant Tolerance." Microorganisms 10, no. 9 (September 16, 2022): 1859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091859.
Abstract:
As rock inhabitants, lichens are exposed to extreme and fluctuating abiotic conditions associated with poor sources of nutriments. These extreme conditions confer to lichens the unique ability to develop protective mechanisms. Consequently, lichen-associated microbes disclose highly versatile lifestyles and ecological plasticity, enabling them to withstand extreme environments. Because of their ability to grow in poor and extreme habitats, bacteria associated with lichens can tolerate a wide range of pollutants, and they are known to produce antimicrobial compounds. In addition, lichen-associated bacteria have been described to harbor ecological functions crucial for the evolution of the lichen holobiont. Nevertheless, the ecological features of lichen-associated microbes are still underestimated. To explore the untapped ecological diversity of lichen-associated bacteria, we adopted a novel culturomic approach on the crustose lichen Rhizocarpon geographicum. We sampled R. geographicum in French habitats exposed to oil spills, and we combined nine culturing methods with 16S rRNA sequencing to capture the greatest bacterial diversity. A deep functional analysis of the lichen-associated bacterial collection showed the presence of a set of bacterial strains resistant to a wide range of antibiotics and displaying tolerance to Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). Our study is a starting point to explore the ecological features of the lichen microbiota.
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You, Xiuqi, Nan Xu, Xi Yang, and Weiling Sun. "Pollutants affect algae-bacteria interactions: A critical review." Environmental Pollution 276 (May 2021): 116723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116723.
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Segura, Ana, and Juan Luis Ramos. "Plant–bacteria interactions in the removal of pollutants." Current Opinion in Biotechnology 24, no. 3 (June 2013): 467–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2012.09.011.
30
Siciliano, Steven D., Nathalie Fortin, Anca Mihoc, Gesine Wisse, Suzanne Labelle, Danielle Beaumier, Danielle Ouellette, et al. "Selection of Specific Endophytic Bacterial Genotypes by Plants in Response to Soil Contamination." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 6 (June 1, 2001): 2469–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.6.2469-2475.2001.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Plant-bacterial combinations can increase contaminant degradation in the rhizosphere, but the role played by indigenous root-associated bacteria during plant growth in contaminated soils is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine if plants had the ability to selectively enhance the prevalence of endophytes containing pollutant catabolic genes in unrelated environments contaminated with different pollutants. At petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated sites, two genes encoding hydrocarbon degradation, alkane monooxygenase (alkB) and naphthalene dioxygenase (ndoB), were two and four times more prevalent in bacteria extracted from the root interior (endophytic) than from the bulk soil and sediment, respectively. In field sites contaminated with nitroaromatics, two genes encoding nitrotoluene degradation, 2-nitrotoluene reductase (ntdAa) and nitrotoluene monooxygenase (ntnM), were 7 to 14 times more prevalent in endophytic bacteria. The addition of petroleum to sediment doubled the prevalence ofndoB-positive endophytes in Scirpus pungens, indicating that the numbers of endophytes containing catabolic genotypes were dependent on the presence and concentration of contaminants. Similarly, the numbers of alkB- orndoB-positive endophytes in Festuca arundinaceawere correlated with the concentration of creosote in the soil but not with the numbers of alkB- or ndoB-positive bacteria in the bulk soil. Our results indicate that the enrichment of catabolic genotypes in the root interior is both plant and contaminant dependent.
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Dabai, Aminu Isiya, and Kasim Mohammed. "HYBRID MICROALGAL-ACTIVATED SLUDGE TREATMENT PROSPECTS: A REVIEW." Platform : A Journal of Science and Technology 4, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.61762/pjstvol4iss1art11189.
Abstract:
An enormous amount of wastewater was produced due to domestic, municipal, agricultural, and industrial activities of varying strength and contamination. These usually contained a high level of pollutants that include inorganic and organic pollutants, pesticides, and heavy metals. Physio-chemical treatment approaches were employed to treat these recalcitrant contaminants and effectively handle extremely toxic substances within a short period. However, despite this, these treatments were associated with setbacks, including incomplete pollutant removals, lack of multiple pollutants removal capabilities, excessive sludge production, and cost of energy and chemical employed. Hybrid microbial treatment systems were efficient due to their potential to remove multiple contaminants like heavy metals, BOD, COD, assimilate nutrients, production of renewable energy alternatives, and easily recycled or regenerated. The future bottleneck in terms of best microbial proportions for higher growth rates and removal efficiencies is highlighted.
Keywords: algae, bacteria, proportion, heavy metals, adsorption, toxic
32
Moxley, Karis, and Stefan Schmidt. "Isolation of a phenol-utilizing marine bacterium from Durban Harbour (South Africa) and its preliminary characterization as Marinobacter sp. KM2." Water Science and Technology 65, no. 5 (March 1, 2012): 932–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.940.
Abstract:
Many aromatic hydrocarbons assigned to the so-called high production volume chemicals (HPVCs) are frequently encountered constituents of wastewaters that end up in the sea. Although the pollutant-degrading capabilities of freshwater bacteria are well known, the catabolism of pollutants by marine bacteria has received limited attention. A marine bacterium with the ability to aerobically utilize phenol – an HPVC and common aromatic pollutant – as its sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated from water samples from Durban Harbour, South Africa. The isolate, designated strain KM2, was assigned to the genus Marinobacter based on a variety of phenotypic properties and by analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The isolate displays an absolute growth requirement for NaCl which cannot be offset by replacement of NaCl with other salts. In addition to 4-methylphenol and 3,4-dimethylphenol, it utilizes a range of aliphatic hydrocarbons such as butan-1-ol and hexadecane under aerobic conditions. The transient formation of an intermediate exhibiting the UV–Vis spectral characteristics for 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde in cultures growing on phenol suggests that the isolate catabolizes this compound via the meta cleavage pathway. These results indicate that members of the genus Marinobacter might participate in the elimination of aromatic pollutants in South African marine environments.
33
McGregor, Iain, Nicola H. Souter, and Richard M. Ashley. "Sewer sediments: preparation methods for enumerating bacteria." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 9 (April 1, 1996): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0206.
Abstract:
In the UK, the Urban Pollution Management programme has contributed to extensive international research concerning solids associated with urban drainage systems. Since 1986, as part of the UPM programme, research undertaken at the Wastewater Technology Centre, University of Abertay Dundee, has focused primarily upon the characteristics and movement of solids and associated pollutants in combined sewer systems. These investigations have considered the behaviour of sediments and their attached pollutants during dry weather and storm flow conditions, and also the degree of pollutants associated with, and released from sewer sediments during periods of increasing sediment bed shear stresses. Data collection and sample analysis were driven by requirements specified for the development of a United Kingdom sewer flow model termed “MOSQITO”, with the basic chemical parameters ie; COD, BOD and ammonia, of sewage and sewer sediments. A data collection programme is described which assesses the feasibility of using combined sewer sediment preparation protocols, normally used for these chemical analyses, to enumerate bacterial indicator organisms present in deposited sediments. The data were analysed to investigate whether the methods used were precise in terms of repeatability, prior to more extensive studies being undertaken to provide sewer sediment data for bacterial numbers.
34
Guerrero, Javier, Ahmed Mahmoud, Taufiqul Alam, Muhammed A. Chowdhury, Adeniyi Adetayo, Andrew Ernest, and Kim D. Jones. "Water Quality Improvement and Pollutant Removal by Two Regional Detention Facilities with Constructed Wetlands in South Texas." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (April 3, 2020): 2844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072844.
Abstract:
Stormwater runoff introduces several pollutants to the receiving water bodies that may cause degradation of the water quality. Stormwater management systems such as detention facilities and wetland can improve the water quality by removing various pollutants associated with the runoff. The objective of this research project is to determine the performance and efficiency of two major regional detention facilities (RDFs) with different designs and structures in reducing pollutants based on various storm events in McAllen, Texas. The two sites are the McAuliffe RDF and the Morris RDF; each site was incorporated with a constructed wetland with a different design and structure to enhance the pollutant removal process. The McAuliffe RDF reduced the concentration and load of many stormwater constituents in comparison to the Morris RDF. The observed concentrations and pollutant loads of suspended solids were much lower in the runoff of the inlet compared to the outlet for both sites. The McAuliffe RDF showed better concentration and load reduction for nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, of different species. However, both sites did not show a significant improvement of organic material. In addition, the indicator bacteria concentration represented a fluctuation between the inlet and outlet at each site.
35
Kumar, Virendra, and Archana Shrivastav. "Isolation and Identification of Bacteria from Pharmaceutical Site." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 12, no. 4 (April 10, 2023): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2023.1204.021.
Abstract:
Antibiotic pollution is an important and extensive environmental problem and even threat to human health. Biodegradation is a major mechanism which removes the pollutants from the environment. Therefore, the present study aimed to screen and isolate antibiotic degrading bacteria which can effectively degrade azithromycin, clarithromycin, cefadroxil and cephalexin antibiotic. Six antibiotic degrading bacteria were isolated from pharmaceutical waste site and the antibiotic degradation rate of each strain was determined by TMSUS method. Bacterial strains were morphologically identified using gram staining reaction and biochemical tests. The investigation revealed the pharmaceutical waste consist of bacterial community which useful for mankind and might be used for the biodegradation of pharmaceutical waste site to recover the resource.
36
Rodzi, Nur Atikah Amirah Mat, Norhafezah Kasmuri, Nurfadhilah Zaini, Noor Azreen Abu Azri, and Satoto Endar Nayono. "Analysis of Algae and Bacteria Mixture in Removing Pollutants from Laundry Wastewater." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1303, no. 1 (February 1, 2024): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1303/1/012021.
Abstract:
Abstract Laundry detergents contain high nutrients, especially phosphate and nitrogen compounds. High concentrations of these nutrients can cause eutrophication to the water bodies and are toxic to aquatic organisms. Thus, this study aims to identify the characteristics of laundry wastewater and to enhance the treatment for the pollutants using algae and bacteria mixture. Moreover, the removal efficiency for this pollutant has been determined after the batch experiment. The characteristics of laundry wastewater were evaluated using in-situ and laboratory analysis. The in-situ testing included pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO) parameters. Laboratory experiments consist of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia-nitrogen, nitrite-nitrogen, and nitrate-nitrogen. The results were recorded for the parameters before and after treatment. It can be revealed that the concentration of 2 g of algae had recorded 61% COD removal. For the concentration of 0.5 g algae, the highest percentage of removal recorded was 79.2% for ammonia-nitrogen. For total suspended solids (TSS), a maximum of 79% has been removed for a 0.5 g algae mixture. An average of 90% removal has been detected for 2 g algae and 1 g algae concentrations, respectively. Therefore, these algae and bacteria mixtures can be considered green technology to biodegrade the pollutants and enhance the quality of the laundry wastewater.
37
Moroz, O. M., G. I. Zvir, and S. O. Hnatush. "Nitrite oxidation by phototrophic bacteria of Chlorobium, Thiocapsa and Lamprocystis genera under the influence of inorganic pollutants." Biosystems Diversity 29, no. 1 (February 13, 2021): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/012106.
Abstract:
Pollutants of inorganic nature (acids, alkalis, mineral salts of different composition, metals) change the course of biological processes of environmental purification, but their influence on the physiological properties of phototrophic sulfur bacteria has not been studied enough. The usage of nitrite ions as an electron donor of anoxygenic photosynthesis by cells of phototrophic green and purple sulfur bacteria Chlorobium limicola IMV K-8, Thiocapsa sp. Ya-2003 and Lamprocystis sp. Ya-2003, isolated from Yavorivske Lake, under the influence of the most widespread inorganic pollutants – hydro- and dihydrophosphates, sulfates, chlorides and chlorates, has been studied. It is shown that KH2PO4, K2HPO4, Na2SO4, NaCl and KClO3, present in the van Niel medium with 4.2 mM NaNO2 at concentrations that are 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 times different from the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC), influenced the biomass accumulation and nitrite ions oxidation by phototrophic green and purple sulfur bacteria. In media with hydro- and dihydrophosphate ions at concentrations 4.0 times higher than the MPC, inhibition of bacterial growth was up to 1.7 times lower than in the control. The biomass accumulation by bacteria in media with chloride and chlorate ions at concentrations 3.0–4.0 times higher than MPC was 2.0–2.8 times lower compared to the control. In the medium with Na2SO4 at concentrations 2.0–4.0 times higher than MPC, the biomass was 2.0–4.0 times lower than in the control. Nitrites’ oxidation by all strains in the media with the studied pollutants was slowed down. The residual content of nitrite ions in media with hydro- and dihydrophosphate, chloride and chlorate ions at their concentrations 4.0 times higher than MPC, exceeded the NO2– content in the control variants up to 1.7 times. If in the medium without pollutants the cells of C. limicola IMV K-8, Thiocapsa sp. Ya-2003 and Lamprocystis sp. Ya-2003 strains oxidized 72.7%, 72.2% and 71.4%, respectively, of nitrite ions present in the medium, then in the medium with sulfate ions at concentration 4.0 times higher than the MPC, bacteria oxidized nitrite ions only at 39.6%, 34.4% and 27.0%, respectively. Oxidation of a lower quantity of nitrites by phototrophic bacteria in the media with inorganic pollutants led to the production by them of a lower quantity of nitrates. The content of NO3– in the media with hydro-, dihydrophosphate and chlorate ions at all concentrations was up to 1.9 times lower than in the control. In media with sulfate ions at concentrations 2.0–4.0 times higher than MPC and chloride at concentration 4.0 times higher than MPC, the content of nitrate ions was 2.1–4.3 and 2.0 times, respectively, lower than in the control variants. Inorganic pollutants stimulated the synthesis of intracellular carbohydrates in C. limicola IMV K-8. If the content of intracellular glucose in cells grown in the medium without pollutants was 10.3 mg/g dry cell weight, then in cells grown in media with K2HPO4, KH2PO4, Na2SO4, NaCl and KClO3 at concentrations 4.0 times higher than MPC, its content increased by 12.2%, 10.7%, 51.6%, 17.1% and 35.9%, respectively. The glycogen content in the cells grown in the medium without pollutants was 45.1 mg/g dry cell weight. Hydro- and dihydrophosphate, chloride and chlorate ions at concentrations 4.0 times higher than MPC stimulated glycogen synthesis in cells by 47.5%, 57.6%, 67.4% and 74.6%, respectively. The glycogen content in cells grown in the medium with Na2SO4 at concentrations 3.0 and 4.0 times higher than MPC increased by 102.9% and 107.5%, respectively. Therefore, it is established that pollutants of inorganic nature affect the physiological properties of photosynthetic sulfur bacteria and thus change the course of biological processes of environment purification, in particular, from nitrite ions.
38
Khaksar, Gholamreza, Dian Siswanto, Chairat Treesubsuntorn, and Paitip Thiravetyan. "Euphorbia milii-Endophytic Bacteria Interactions Affect Hormonal Levels of the Native Host Differently Under Various Airborne Pollutants." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 29, no. 9 (September 2016): 663–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-06-16-0117-r.
Abstract:
This study was conducted to assess the effect of plant–native endophytic bacteria interactions on indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ethylene levels, and hormonal balance of Euphorbia milii under different airborne pollutants. IAA levels and airborne formaldehyde removal by E. milii enhanced when inoculated with endophytic isolates. However, one isolate, designated as root endophyte 4, with the highest levels of IAA production individually, declined gaseous formaldehyde removal of plant, since it disturbed hormonal balance of E. milii, leading to IAA levels higher than physiological concentrations, which stimulated ethylene biosynthesis and stomatal closure under light conditions. However, plant–root endophyte 4 interactions favored airborne benzene removal, since benzene was more phytotoxic and the plant needed more IAA to protect against benzene phytotoxicity. As trimethylamine (TMA) was not toxic, it did not affect plant-endophyte interactions. Therefore, IAA levels of root endophyte 4–inoculated E. milii was not significantly different from a noninoculated one. Under mixed-pollutant stress (formaldehyde, benzene, TMA), root endophyte 4–inoculated E. milii removed benzene at the lowest rate, since benzene was the most phytotoxic pollutant with the greatest molecular mass. However, TMA (with greater molecular mass) was removed faster than formaldehyde due to higher phytotoxicity of formaldehyde. Plant-endophyte interactions were affected differently under various airborne pollutants.
39
Gladysh, Natalya S., Alina S. Bogdanova, Maxim A. Kovalev, George S. Krasnov, Vsevolod V. Volodin, Anastasia I. Shuvalova, Nikita V. Ivanov, et al. "Culturable Bacterial Endophytes of Wild White Poplar (Populus alba L.) Roots: A First Insight into Their Plant Growth-Stimulating and Bioaugmentation Potential." Biology 12, no. 12 (December 12, 2023): 1519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12121519.
Abstract:
The white poplar (Populus alba L.) has good potential for a green economy and phytoremediation. Bioaugmentation using endophytic bacteria can be considered as a safe strategy to increase poplar productivity and its resistance to toxic urban conditions. The aim of our work was to find the most promising strains of bacterial endophytes to enhance the growth of white poplar in unfavorable environmental conditions. To this end, for the first time, we performed whole-genome sequencing of 14 bacterial strains isolated from the tissues of the roots of white poplar in different geographical locations. We then performed a bioinformatics search to identify genes that may be useful for poplar growth and resistance to environmental pollutants and pathogens. Almost all endophytic bacteria obtained from white poplar roots are new strains of known species belonging to the genera Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Kocuria, Micrococcus, Peribacillus, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus. The genomes of the strains contain genes involved in the enhanced metabolism of nitrogen, phosphorus, and metals, the synthesis of valuable secondary metabolites, and the detoxification of heavy metals and organic pollutants. All the strains are able to grow on media without nitrogen sources, which indicates their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen. It is concluded that the strains belonging to the genus Pseudomonas and bacteria of the species Kocuria rosea have the best poplar growth-stimulating and bioaugmentation potential, and the roots of white poplar are a valuable source for isolation of endophytic bacteria for possible application in ecobiotechnology.
40
Bouazizi, Nabil, Julien Vieillard, Brahim Samir, and Franck Le Derf. "Advances in Amine-Surface Functionalization of Inorganic Adsorbents for Water Treatment and Antimicrobial Activities: A Review." Polymers 14, no. 3 (January 19, 2022): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14030378.
Abstract:
In the last decade, adsorption has exhibited promising and effective outcomes as a treatment technique for wastewater contaminated with many types of pollutants such as heavy metals, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and bacteria. To achieve such effectiveness, a number of potential adsorbents have been synthesized and applied for water remediation and antimicrobial activities. Among these inorganic adsorbents (INAD), activated carbon, silica, metal oxide, metal nanoparticles, metal–organic fibers, and graphene oxide have been evaluated. In recent years, significant efforts have been made in the development of highly efficient adsorbent materials for gas and liquid phases. For gas capture and water decontamination, the most popular and known functionalization strategy is the chemical grafting of amine, due to its low cost, ecofriendliness, and effectiveness. In this context, various amines such as 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), diethanolamine (DEA), dendrimer-based polyamidoamine (PAMAM), branched polyethyleneimine (PEI), and others are employed for the surface modification of INADs to constitute a large panel of resource and low-cost materials usable as an alternative to conventional treatments aimed at removing organic and inorganic pollutants and pathogenic bacteria. Amine-grafted INAD has long been considered as a promising approach for the adsorption of both inorganic and organic pollutants. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of surface modifications through amine grafting and their adsorption behavior under diverse conditions. Amine grafting strategies are investigated in terms of the effects of the solvent, temperature, and the concentration precursor. The literature survey presented in this work provides evidence of the significant potential of amine-grafted INAD to remove not only various contaminants separately from polluted water, but also to remove pollutant mixtures and bacteria.
41
Shavandi, Amin, and Esmat Jalalvandi. "Biofabrication of Bacterial Constructs: New Three-Dimensional Biomaterials." Bioengineering 6, no. 2 (May 14, 2019): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6020044.
Abstract:
An enormous number of bacteria live in almost every environment; from deep oceans to below the surface of the earth or in our gastrointestinal tract. Although biofabrication is growing and maturing very quickly, the involvement of bacteria in this process has not been developed at a similar pace. From the development of a new generation of biomaterials to green bioremediation for the removal of hazardous environmental pollutants or to develop innovative food products in a recent trend, researchers have used cutting-edge biofabrication techniques to reveal the great potential of 3D structured bacterial constructs. These 3D bacterial workhouses may fundamentally change our approach toward biomaterials.
42
Rusmaya, Deni, Lili Mulyatna Lili Mulyatna, and Putri Ayu Lestari. "Relationship between Pollutant Sources and Water Quality of Dug Well Based on Biological Parameters of E. Coli." Journal of Community Based Environmental Engineering and Management 6, no. 2 (September 26, 2022): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/jcbeem.v6i2.6087.
Abstract:
Water from dug wells is one of the sources of clean water used by the community both in villages and cities. Groundwater consumed by the community must have quality in accordance with the specified requirements. One of the important parameters is the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria (E.coli). The aims of this study is to identify the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria in dug well. In addition, to determine the correlation between the distance of the pollutant source (cowshed and septic tank) and the well. The analytical method used is univariate descriptive method and quantitative analysis. The results showed from 7 wells that were used as research objects, there were 4 wells positive for E. Coli bacteria and 3 wells were negative for E. Coli bacteria. The correlation value test showed that the pollutant source from cowshed had a coefficient of determination of R 2 = 0.911 or 91.1% which means that there is a strong relationship between the presence of E.Coli bacteria in the well and cow dung. As for the pollutant source from the septic tank, the results of the correlation test show the value of R 2 = 0.201 or 20.1% which means that the relationship between the presence of E. Coli bacteria and the septic tank is not strong. Septic tanks construction that conform to standards are one of the factors that cause dug well water quality to remain protected from pollutants.
43
Wang, Xiaopu, Lianjie Hou, Tianhao He, Zhenhan Diao, Chuanjin Yao, Tao Long, and Ling Fan. "Numerical Simulation of the Enrichment of Chemotactic Bacteria in Oil-Water Two-Phase Transfer Fields of Heterogeneous Porous Media." Applied Sciences 12, no. 10 (May 21, 2022): 5215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12105215.
Abstract:
Oil pollution in soil-groundwater systems is difficult to remove, and a large amount of residual oil is trapped in the low permeable layer of the heterogeneous aquifer. Aromatic hydrocarbons in oil have high toxicity and low solubility in water, which are harmful to the ecological environment. Chemotactic degrading bacteria can perceive the concentration gradient of non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) pollutants in the groundwater environment, and enrich and proliferate around the pollutants, thus achieving a more efficient and thorough remediation effect. However, the existing theoretical models are relatively simple. The physical fields of oil–water two-phase flow and oil-phase solute convection and diffusion in water are not coupled, which further restricts the accuracy of studies on bacterial chemotaxis to NAPL. In this study, geometric models based on the actual microfluidic experimental study were constructed. Based on the phase field model, diffusion convection equation and chemotaxis velocity equation, the effects of heterogeneity of porous media, wall wettability and groundwater flow rate on the residual oil and the concentration distribution of chemotaxis bacteria were studied. Under all of the simulation conditions, the residual oil in the high permeable area was significantly lower than that in the low permeable area, and the wall hydrophilicity enhanced the water flooding effect. Chemotactic bacteria could react to the concentration gradient of pollutants dissolved into water in the oil phase, and enrich near the oil–water interface with high concentration of NAPL, and the density of chemotactic bacteria at the oil–water interface can be up to 1.8–2 times higher than that in the water phase at flow rates from 1.13 to 6.78 m/d.
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Aguilar-Salazar, Alejandra, Ana Verónica Martínez-Vázquez, Guadalupe Aguilera-Arreola, Erick de Jesus de Luna-Santillana, María Antonia Cruz-Hernández, Cesar Marcial Escobedo-Bonilla, Edgar Lara-Lara, et al. "Prevalence of ESKAPE Bacteria in Surface Water and Wastewater Sources: Multidrug Resistance and Molecular Characterization, an Updated Review." Water 15, no. 18 (September 8, 2023): 3200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15183200.
Abstract:
ESKAPE bacteria represent a group of opportunistic bacterial pathogens that display widespread antimicrobial resistance, including resistance to the last-line antibiotics, thereby posing a significant clinical implication globally. Anthropogenic activities, such as wastewater from hospitals, livestock farms, crop fields, and wastewater treatment plants, contribute to the dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial pathogens into the environment. Surface water sources, including river waters, act as critical points of discharge for wastewater, pollutants, antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARG). These environmental factors, along with others, facilitate the dissemination and survival of ARBs, as well as promote the exchange of ARGs. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehend the current environmental landscape concerning the prevalence and persistence of resistant bacteria, particularly those belonging to the ESKAPE group. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current dissemination and characterization of ESKAPE bacteria in surface water and wastewater sources.
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Utami, U., L. Harianie, N. R. Dunyana, and Romaidi. "Lead-resistant bacteria isolated from oil wastewater sample for bioremediation of lead." Water Science and Technology 81, no. 10 (May 15, 2020): 2244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.281.
Abstract:
Abstract Anthropogenic activities such as oil exploration have resulted in an environmental concern as they are comprised of residual hydrocarbons and metals. Following the hypothesis that endogenous bacterial communities have enhanced tolerance to heavy metals, we isolated and characterized culturable lead-resistant bacteria from an oil wastewater sample and determined whether they could reduce lead ions from the medium. The wastewater sample containing indigenous bacteria were taken out from a traditional oil field, Bojonegoro District, East Java, Indonesia, and bacteria were cultured Halomonas complex (HMC) medium containing lead (II) chloride (PbCl2) with different concentrations. Bioaccumulation of lead by heavy-metals resistant bacteria was determined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Our result found 21 bacterial strains that resist lead ions, of which one strain (RPb5-3) highly resisted to 10 mM. This bacterial strain also exhibited the highest accumulation of Pb, and it could grow at various temperatures, or more than their original environment. The bacterial strains could be used for bioremediation of lead toxicity, especially in oil pollutants.
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Fang, Qinglin, Wenlai Xu, Gonghan Xia, and Zhicheng Pan. "Effect of C/N Ratio on the Removal of Nitrogen and Microbial Characteristics in the Water Saturated Denitrifying Section of a Two-Stage Constructed Rapid Infiltration System." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 7 (July 12, 2018): 1469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15071469.
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to improve the removal of nitrogen pollutants from artificial sewage by a modeled two-stage constructed rapid infiltration (CRI) system. The C/N ratio of the second stage influent was elevated by addition of glucose. When the C/N ratio was increased to 5, the mean removal efficiency of total nitrogen (TN) reached up to 75.4%. Under this condition, the number of denitrifying bacteria in the permanently submerged denitrifying section (the second stage) was 22 times higher than that in the control experiment without added glucose. Elevation of the C/N ratio resulted in lower concentrations of nitrate and TN in the second stage effluent, without impairment of chemical oxygen demand removal. The concentration of nitrate and TN in effluent decreased as the abundance of denitrifying bacteria increased. Moreover, the bacterial biofilms that had formed in the sand of the second stage container were analyzed. The secretion of extracellular polymeric substances, a major constituent of biofilms, was enhanced as a result of the elevated C/N ratio, which lead to the improved protection of the bacteria and enhanced the removal of pollutants.
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Chautrand, Thibault, Ségolène Depayras, Djouhar Souak, Mathilde Bouteiller, Tatiana Kondakova, Magalie Barreau, Mohamed Amine Ben Mlouka, et al. "Detoxification Response of Pseudomonas fluorescens MFAF76a to Gaseous Pollutants NO2 and NO." Microorganisms 10, no. 8 (August 5, 2022): 1576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10081576.
Abstract:
Bacteria are often exposed to nitrosative stress from their environment, from atmospheric pollution or from the defense mechanisms of other organisms. Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which mediate nitrosative stress, are notably involved in the mammalian immune response through the production of nitric oxide (NO) by the inducible NO synthase iNOS. RNS are highly reactive and can alter various biomolecules such as lipids, proteins and DNA, making them toxic for biological organisms. Resistance to RNS is therefore important for the survival of bacteria in various environments, and notably to successfully infect their host. The fuel combustion processes used in industries and transports are responsible for the emission of important quantities of two major RNS, NO and the more toxic nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Human exposure to NO2 is notably linked to increases in lung infections. While the response of bacteria to NO in liquid medium is well-studied, few data are available on their exposure to gaseous NO and NO2. This study showed that NO2 is much more toxic than NO at similar concentrations for the airborne bacterial strain Pseudomonas fluorescens MFAF76a. The response to NO2 involves a wide array of effectors, while the response to NO seemingly focuses on the Hmp flavohemoprotein. Results showed that NO2 induces the production of other RNS, unlike NO, which could explain the differences between the effects of these two molecules.
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Mohamed, Hussam, Rafid Abdul Razzaq, and Mohammed Jassim. "Effect of Yoghurt Starter Culture and Pasteurization on Some Pathogenic Microorganisms in Domestic Soft Cheese." Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences 19, no. 2 (January 18, 2023): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjas.19.2.7.
Abstract:
The study was conducted to detect the contamination of some dairy products (cheese, butter, yukurt, cream, milk) in the local markets of Tikrit city. The results detected of micro-pollutantion in dairy products revealed to presence of aerobic bacteria in milk samples and in numbers reached. (3.1 × 101 and 0.7 × 101) (c.f.u /gm), with the total number of Bacterial Count (2.7 × 101 to 1.81 × 102) (c.f.u/gm). The study showed that the milk samples were free from the Coliform, psychrophilic and Thermoduric Bacteria . Yeast and mold were found in the milk samples in numbers ranging from 1.03 × 101 to 3.6 × 101(c.f.u/gm). The result of the detection of microbial pollutants in cheese revealed the presence of aerobic and Coliform Bacteria except for Ch5, the Coliform and the thermoduric Bacteria in the cheese samples were 35.1 × 101, 1.06 × 101 and 2.75 × 101. (c.f.u/gm). However this study showed the absence of Thermoduric Bacteria in the cheese models of Ch 5 and Ch2, as well as the absence of all samples of cheese from the psychrophilic Bacteria. Yeasts and molds in the cheese models ranged from 1.03 × 101 to 3.6 × 101 (c.f.u/gm). The results of the detection of the microbial contaminants in Yogurt showed that the Yogurt samples of the Yo4 and the Yo2 were absent from the Coliform Bacteria, and the samples of Yo5 and Yo2 were found to be absent from psychrophilic Bacteria. It has been observed through the results, that absence of all cream samples from Coliform Bacteria, as well as the psychrophilic Bacteria and the Thermoduric Bacteria. while the yeast and molds ranged from 3.3 × 101 to 0.55 × 101 (c.f.u/gm). The results of the detection of microbial pollutants in butter revealed the presence of aerobic bacteria in the butter samples and the absence of all butter samples from the Coliform Bacteria, while the Thermoduric Bacteria ranged from 2.25×101 to 0.4 × 101 (c.f.u/gm). The psychrophilic Bacteria in the butter samples were ranged from 0.45 × 101 to 0.9 × 101 (c.f.u/gm).
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Chlebek, Daria, and Katarzyna Hupert-Kocurek. "ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA IN THE PHYTODEGRADATION OF PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS." Postępy Mikrobiologii - Advancements of Microbiology 58, no. 1 (2019): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/pm-2019.58.1.070.
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Zhang, Chun-Lian, Yang-Yang Yu, Zhen Fang, Saraschandra Naraginti, Yunhai Zhang, and Yang-Chun Yong. "Recent advances in nitroaromatic pollutants bioreduction by electroactive bacteria." Process Biochemistry 70 (July 2018): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2018.04.019.