Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Politique transports'
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Saghri, Farhad. "Développement économique et coordination des transports en Iran." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376097087.
Full textGiménez-Capdevila, Rafael. "Transport et régionalisation. Italie, Espagne, France." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENPC9418.
Full textZhiri, Touria. "Transport et développement : les effets structurants de la politique des transports au Maroc /." Rabat, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb357714571.
Full textLavenne, Frédéric. "La politique commune des transports routiers de marchandises /." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59570.
Full textBecause the task was so huge and difficult, the common policy for road transport of goods encountered real problems. But the European Communities soon realised that transport was the prime issue if they wanted to succeed in the establishment of a free trade area.
Poloni, Bernard. "La politique des transports en Bavière depuis 1945." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040114.
Full textThe thesis begins by establishing various general theoretical principles, and outlining the basic geographical and historical factors which condition the entire transport policy of Bavaria. This is followed by an analysis of the different developments, in very dissimilar circumstances and with widely differing effects, of the policies of the Weimarer republic and the national socialist regime. The central part of the work traces the progression, in the aftermath of the Second World War, of a voluntarist and planned transport policy. It considers the objectives as formulated in the first official policy statement, the "guiding principles in Bavarian transport" of 1970; the extent to which these objectives were attained in the subsequent fifteen years; and the attitude concerning it of both public opinion and the political parties. The analysis of this transport system is illustrated by statistical and detailed case studies of: the greater urban area of Munich, Nuremberg and Regensburg; and the link between the Main and the Danube. The thesis concludes with a series of proposition concerning both the specific example of Bavaria and the general problems arising from the actual concept of a transport policy
Sennane, Bouzid. "Politique de transports urbains et mobilisation quotidienne de la main-d'oeuvre : l'intégration transports publics - transport-employeur, dans le cas d'Alger." Aix-Marseille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX2A002.
Full textThe aim of this research is to assess the efficiency of public transport and company-owned transportation in relation to the home-work travel needs in Algiers industries. Investment in transport had been neglected by the SAD (Algerian Strategy for Development) in the seventies. At the same time, land planning has encouraged a large increase in activities and population concentration along the main Algerian coastal regions. The capital city and its surrounding area would therefore be particularly hit by these economic and planning choices, which lead to a continuous degradation of the transportation environment. Algerian companioned transportation opportunities could be an efficient response to the situation, by offering transportation means to their employees. In France, the provision of transportation by companies for their personnel is part of their strategy for recruiting and managing staff. Its importance has decreased since 1980. When it reached 5% of the modal split. In the Algiers area, this trend concerns more thane 60% of home-work trips in industry (140. 000 jobs) and implies relevant means of transportation (over 6. 000 vehicles). It appears interesting to move the analysis for: the job market economics towards the field of land use and transport economics
Bendikat, Elfi. "Öffentliche Nahverkehrspolitik in Berlin und Paris 1890-1914 : Strukturbedingungen, politische Konzeptionen und Realisierungsprobleme /." Berlin ; New York : W. de Gruyter, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370578902.
Full textHong, Seock-jin. "La politique de libéralisation et la stratégie des transports aériens." Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10015.
Full textThis study analyses the behavior of airlines after deregulation and liberalization of civil aviation industry. In order to compete with airlines in Europe and North America, to develop the liberalization of civil aviation in stages are a real challenge for the Asian countries. This will allow airlines, in this region, to reinforce their marketing strengths
Telles, Horta Sonia. "Versement transport et financement des transports collectifs urbains : étude du cas français dans une perspective d'application aux villes brésiliennes." Paris 12, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA120020.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to analyze the "versement transport" (vt), a scheme utilized to fund urban public transportation systems (upt) in france. The vt was launched in 1971 (two years later outside of paris) to rehabilitate a deteriorating transport system and to reduce its financial costs to users. Ultimately, the aim of the work is to explore the possibility of using a similar mechanism in brazilian towns facing acute financial problems and where high operating costs are disproportionately borne out by low income population groups. Accordingly, thefirst part explores the organisation and financing of brazilian transportation systems ever since they were brought into the framework of national planning. The second part deals with similar questions in regard to thefrench public transportation systems and presents historical background information leading to the establishment of vt. The third part, drawing from case study material focusing on four cities of 200. 000 to 800. 000 inhabitants, discusses the impact of vt on the upt systems in french towns. The fourth part reviews differences and similarities in the experiences of the two countries and concludes with policy oriented recommendations of relevance to the brazilian situation
Ma, Shuo. "La compétitivité internationale et la politique nationale en matière de transports maritimes." Paris 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA020087.
Full textThe evolution of technology and labor costs in maritime countries result in a transfer of shipping from developed countries to some newly industrilised countries. To gain the maximum profit from shipping industry for the national economy, developing countries are supposed to work out their marine policy in line with such evolution, so as to decide when and how the government should be involved. The new marine policy ought to have three stages concerning successively the preparation, the development and the retreat
Trascu, Lucia Constanta. "La politique de développement durable des transports dans l'Union européenne." Toulouse 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU10060.
Full textTaking in account sustainable development into the common transport policy globally shows new dynamics of the objectives in the political and law European system. At the sector level, the integration of environment and safety protection accompanies the realization of the internal market and shows and enlargement of the transport policy interial field. Furthermore, the driving force of the strategy of sustainable mobility includes the transport policy into political synergies creating a new police of economic, social and territorial cohesion and new rights for the transport consumers. At the global level of the Community law this system shows a new European conception concerning objectives of general interest, protecting them as Community objectives, but also legitimating a "better internal market"
Mohamed, Chanfi Mbae. "Géographie des transports aux Comores." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082086.
Full textPerez, Marc. "Coûts externes et expression des préférences collectives dans le marché des transports." Lyon 2, 1996. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/1996/perez_m.
Full textThis work concerns the problem of external costs valorization, particulary in the field of transport. The first part explains how the pigouvian concept of externality, base of the welfare theory, makes possible a divergence between the optimum of the market and the social optimum. Potentiality and limits of the concept are presented, and an application in the case of road transport in France is proposed. Nevertheless, some insufficiencies of the welfare economy are listed and lead to an enlargment of our analysis. The second part consists of a complexification of the concept of externality, through institutional and sociological approaches. This complexification leads us to insist on the relations between internalization and democracy and to propose a new definition of sustainable development, more specifically in the case of urban mobility. With the introduction of a pecunary externality "of structure", the last part proposes a theoretical approach permitting to increase the pertinence of welfare economy. This leads to rediscover the advantages of a tarification of transport infrastructures at their marginal social costs
Perez, Marc Crozet Yves. "Coûts externes et expression des préférences collectives dans le marché des transports." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1996. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/1996/perez_m.
Full textHelmedach, Andreas. "Das Verkehrssystem als Modernisierungsfaktor : Straßen, Post, Fuhrwesen und Reisen nach Triest und Fiume vom Beginn des 18. Jahrhunderts bis zum Eisenbahnzeitalter /." München : Oldenbourg, 2002. http://www.h-net.org/review/hrev-a0d1f0-aa.
Full textOrrico, Romulo. "La politique tarifaire des transports collectifs urbains au Brésil : le cas de Salvador de Bahia." Paris 12, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA12I005.
Full textThis research studies two interdependent aspects of the urban public transport policy : funding and tarification. It contains a presentation of the studied case (the city of salvador in the state of bahia, brazil), a theoretical discussion and an analysis of fare policies based on a study of the actions of the various actors involved. An analysis of the historical evolution of the fare policy underlines a number of general actions, among which : the economic reorganization of the sector, the division and cartelization of the market, the relationships between the municipality and the bus operating companies, the subsidy and taxation of fares. . It is followed by an analysis of more micro actions on the computing of fares which underlines the main changes that have taken place and compares them with the informations and data available to the agencies in charge of public transport management. The impact of these actions is then analyzed (impacts on the economic characteristics of the market structure, on the fare calculation methods and the fare structure). The 1979-1984 period is particularly studies and these actions are related to the households' budgets and to the rate of useage of buses in order to assess the impact of fare policies on people's mobility. Finally, the results of the research are compared to the initial hypothesis and related questions are raised
Sakarsono, Raden-Waluyo. "La Politique des transports urbains et développement urbain de Surabaya (Indonésie)." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENPC9911.
Full textNguyen, Thien Phu Cusset Jean-Michel. "Un modèle vietnamien de transport urbain utopie ou réalités ? /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2005. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2005/nguyen_tp.
Full textSahabana, Maïdadi Plat Didier. "Les autobus en site propre intégral, une solution à la crise des transports dans les grandes agglomérations subsahariennes." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2006. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2006/sahabana_m.
Full textBelhareth, Taoufik. "Le transport collectif dans les grandes villes tunisiennes Sousse, Sfax et Tunis : constituants et articulations avec l'espace urbain /." Tunis : Faculté des lettres de la Manouba, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37635843p.
Full textBibliogr. p. 321-328.
Doulet, Jean-François Flonneau Mathieu. "Paris-Pékin, civiliser l'automobile /." Paris : Descartes & Cie, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39015888g.
Full textJean-François Doulet est l'auteur du texte sur Pékin et Mathieu Flonneau sur celui de Paris. Bibliogr. p. 75-79 et 133-136.
Konaté, Fatoumata. "La contribution de l'office ivoirien des chargeurs à la politique maritime ivoirienne." Aix-Marseille 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX24005.
Full textZebiri, Imad. "La politique des transports en Algérie : l'impact du tramway sur l'aménagement urbain de la ville de Constantine." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI136.
Full textAccording to experts from the World Bank, our time is one in which the world is changing at the fastest pace because of the increase in the world's population. This phenomenon increases the demand for transport. Thus, existing infrastructures and previous public policies show their limits both in terms of the demand for mobility and transport infrastructure. The private car, often accused of causing both congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, is designated as responsible. Our study area, the city of Constantine in Algeria, is experiencing daily traffic jams, due to the massive presence of private cars and its morphology. In the same way the strong growth of the population and the urban sprawl of the city contribute to exacerbate the phenomenon in Constantine. In 2010, the Algerian government, aware of the congestion of large cities, decided to schedule the realization of a tram line in each major city. The arrival of the tramway in Constantine is part of this logic and has a twofold objective: to respond in an efficient and comfortable way to an ever-increasing demand for mobility and to develop and requalify the urban space. Our aim is therefore to understand the impact of the implementation of this tram line on the public spaces it crosses, on the one hand, and on the other hand, on the supply and quality of transport services made available to the population. Based on questionnaire surveys and direct observations, our research shows that the choice of the tramway has been accompanied by real transformations. Indeed, the arrival of the tramway in the city of Constantine has unquestionably led to a restructuring of urban space all along its corridor. Besides, the vast majority of tram users think that the latter responds quite well to their expectations in terms of urban mobility, under satisfactory conditions (comfort, length of journey, waiting time ...)
Ma, Shuo. "La Compétitivité internationale et la politique nationale en matière de transports maritimes." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376075322.
Full textPacudan, Roméo. "La gestion des transports urbains dans les pays en urbanisation rapide , de l'approche standard à l'approche intégrée : le cas de Bangkok et de Singapour." Grenoble 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE21017.
Full textThe research study shows that an approach stricly economic though important is not sufficient in managing congestion and environmental externalities of urban transport in the megacities of developing countries. An integrated approach which consists of policy measures related to urban transport demand management, infrastructure development and management and technological options, is proposed. Two contrasting experiences in rapidly urbanizing countries of asia namely bangkok (a cas of relative failure) and singapore (a cas of success) are used to demonstrate to above proposition. The study furthermore shows that while the measures adopted by a given economy could explain the relative success or failure of a given policy, the choice and the effectiveness of a policy measure can only be properly understood by taking into account the institutional context of a given economy as elaborated in the case of bangkok and singapore
Komarov, Kostyantyn Bonnafous Alain. "Une modélisation de l'arbitrage entre voiture particulière et transport collectif application à la ville de Kharkov (Ukraine) /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2001/komarov_k.
Full textIzembard, Arnaud Bouyssou Fernand. "Le transport et le droit de l'urbanisme /." Paris : LGDJ, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40078808t.
Full textGannon, Frédéric. "Modèles de la ville et politiques urbaines optimales." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100004.
Full textLomme, Roland. "Economie politique de la réforme des transports publics urbains en Afrique du Sud." Paris, CNAM, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CNAM0535.
Full textSouth African authorities have tried to reform urban public transport for the past ten years but to no avail (whereas significant progress have been achieved in the provision of other services to the population, such as water and electricity). This matter involves development issues (such as access to the service for poor people), issues related to economic informality (as most of the service is provided by informal operators-the so-called minibus taxis) and economic regulation by public authorities as well as to management of public amenities. The failure of the reform strategy is diagnosed and suggestions to breakthrough with the reform are provided
Hendriks, Frank. "Beleid, cultuur en instituties : het verhaal van twee steden /." Leiden : DSWO press, Rijksuniversiteit Leiden, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40158847g.
Full textTabet-Derraz, Ahlem. "Les instruments juridiques de coopération intra-africaine en matière de transports." Toulouse 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU10019.
Full textThe necessity of the infrastructures and means of transport development in African countries is of capital importance at the economic and social level. Under the impulse of the United Nations economic commission for Africa and within the frame work of the programme of the Africa transport and communication decade (1978-1988), the African governments have sought the means to solve the problems of, and eliminate the obstacles to the development of transport. The main envisaged actions are essentially linked to the infrastructures and equipment modernization and maintenance, the personnel formation, the progressive normalization of equipment, the network expansion as well as the coordination between the various transport modes. Thus, the intra-African cooperation would acquire a real sense in allowing to overcome the obstacles, harmonize African states legislation, supple the state line clearances, reduce the cost of the transport infrastructure construction and maintenance. What are, therefore, the cooperation judicial tools used by the African states and what is their nature? A part from the cooperation classical judicial instruments namely international agreements, some regional cooperation institutions have been created in Africa so as to allow water river, international lake and common communication system (roads, international railways. . . ) management. The institutions fulfill various functions and from the spread of their power depends their action efficiency for international transport development in Africa
Koseleff, Yves. "La construction sociale et politique des territoires du transport : le cas de la boucle nord des hauts-de-seine." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070035.
Full textCherradi, Lafdil. "Les transports intérieurs au Maroc." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010504.
Full textLarrouy, Muriel. "L' invention de l'accessibilité : des politiques de transport des personnes handicapées aux politiques d'accessibilité des transports urbains de voyageurs en France de 1975 à 2005." Paris 1, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00165138.
Full textLaroche, Florent. "Economie politique des infrastructures ferroviaires." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO22016/document.
Full textThere is still much progress to make concerning the French and the European railway networks, both from governance and competitiveness standpoints. This is the conclusion this work lead to. The results from the Enerdata-LET research consortium (2014) illustrate that, considering factor 4 for horizon 2050, the modal shift of demand in transport towards railway could be massive. Regarding this, the situation of Paris-Lyon high-speed line, already up to its saturation level, addresses the issue of the capacity a system possesses to bear new traffics. Two schools oppose there. On one side, the supporters of the SNIT suggest a quasi-doubling of the high-speed railway network, in order to cope with futures needs, whereas on the other side, the “Mobilité 21” commission gives priority to the search of increasing returns from the existing infrastructure. Without claiming to solve the issue, this work attempts to bring up comprehension elements on the interaction between demand and offer in the railway sector.Studying the accordance between an increase in railway demand and offer leads us to question performance. It means being able to define capacity of the railway infrastructure, first. But it also means questioning its limits, which addresses the phenomenon of saturation, also called congestion. Eventually, this all inevitably leads to put into perspective the relativeness of these limits and to question the ways to overcome them. The objective of this research is to apply this issue to the railway system, accounting its specificities. We consider its constitution as a network industry and as a natural monopoly, when considering the infrastructure (infrastructure manager). Without pretending to conclude the debate on governance, we consider that this particularity might influence actors and, thus, performance. We also consider the legal framework at the European scale. One can’t question performance without framing the railway sector within its legal context. Then, the main purpose of the analysis stands in the study of saturation of the Paris-Lyon high-speed line. We consider the line as representative of the expected performance level of the whole French railway network. It challenges both technical and economic capacities that are in the core of our rationale on performance, its requirements and the opportunities of the French network
Diaw, Alioune Badara. "La politique des transports maritimes entre la Communauté européenne et les pays africains." Nantes, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NANT4007.
Full textThe west african countries, in their shipping relations with the european community are now stranded. It is therefore absolutely necessary to elaborate a new maritime politics. During the independence, the african countries thought that a balanced relationship was going to be established, within the framework of the united nations organisation conventions concerning a code of conduct of liner conference. Within roughly twenty years after the independence, the general princips about the code of conduct have shown its weekness, because of the recent changes in the international relations. Following the protests emanating from the developing countries, the united nations conference for trade and development (u. N. C. T. A. D) adopted, in 1974, a code of conduct of liner conferences. One of the essential finalities poursued was to balanced the interest between transporting countries (developed countries) and the loading countries (developing countries). Some of these developing countries have benefitted from this code to ensure the expansion of there commercial fleet. The african countries have not succeeded in doing the same. There are two fundamental reasons why they have failed : these countries have decided to apply the code of conduct in the sphere of regional cooperation, but they have not given themselves any strategical means. They have not respected their engagements, and their institutional organes have not functioned as expected
Neiertz, Nicolas. "La coordination des transports en France de 1918 à nos jours." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040152.
Full textThis thesis is a research work into state intervention in the transport system, when the aim was to limit competition between modes and to develop an intermodal collaboration. This policy was first formulated in the thirties, when motorization of road transports and inland shipping as well as the birth of air transport renewed competition between railways and other modes. The regulation of public and private transportation of passengers or freight, their tarification (for public transports), their fiscality, the investments and the technical innovations may follow coordination priorities. The coordination of regulation and tariffs was implemented step by step between the thirties and the sixties, then it shrank progressively. The coordination of taxes and investments was never realized, due to economic lobbies and political implications. Technical coordination (mixt transports) is on the contrary in constant progress, as it can be seen today with the growth of intermodality. The situation of transports in France is here replaced in an international context, specially within the European economic integration
Nguyen, Thien Phu. "Un modèle vietnamien de transport urbain : utopie ou réalités ?" Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/nguyen_tp.
Full textThis thesis deals with the possible emergence of a Vietnamese model of urban transport. This supposition comes from the observation of similar evolutions in different South-East Asian cities. Under the influence of globalization coupled with the endogenous effects like those of the government policies, many Asian cities have had very high economic growth rates, at the same time an accelerated urbanization rate, and experienced new urban issues among which the urban transport issue becomes very worrying. The Vietnamese cities represented by Hanoi -political capital and Ho Chi Minh City - economic capital, since the introduction of the open door policy, are involved in the same manner in the process of internationalization and rapid urbanization and confronted with similar urban transport problems. The objective of the research is to show how the Vietnamese authorities through the two metropolises reacted to the similar urban transport problems which the other South-East Asian cities have encountered, considering the specific context of the country. The research will show to what extent the inconsistencies in the urban transport policies of the vietnamese cities will be solved. It will also try to show to what extent and on what condition the foreign expertise can contribute to the emergence in the medium and long term of a Vietnamese "model" of urban transport through the transfers of know-how, experience, exchanges between Vietnam and other countries
Cruz, Alexandre Azevedo Da Orfeuil Jean-Pierre. "Les expériences de services en Europe quelles conditions pour leur pérennité ? /." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2005. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0231211.pdf.
Full textHamiche, M'Hamed. "Chemin de fer, aménagement de l'espace et développement économique au Maroc." Tours, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOUR1501.
Full textDiagne, Soudou. "Conteneurisation et politique sénégalaise de maitrise du transport international de marchandises par voie maritime." Aix-Marseille 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX24000.
Full textThis thesis consists in doing an economical analysis of the Senegalese policy of control his shipping transport of goods facing the containerization. Three hypotheses are examined. - the first one demonstrates the contradiction between the Senegalese policy to fit his economy in the international capital and his policy of control his shipping transport of goods. - the second one indicates that the containerization doesn't benefit to Senegalese economy. - the last one explains that the out of control situation requires internal and external actions vis-à-vis of the Senegalese economy. After presenting Senegal's geographical position and showing structure, orientation and balance of Senegalese foreign trade, the study begins by analysing how both foreign trade and technological change concepts are considered in the different theories of development. This theoretical approach is used as a foundation to define the control of international transport concept which is used after- ward for determining the obstacles to Senegalese policy in shipping international transport of goods. The containerization is designed as a phenomenon revealing the limits the aforesaid policy. Considering the international economic realities, the proposals consist only to fetch how to soften up the out of control situation. Three ideas are put forward : the review of the production's structure, the supervision of the auxiliary transport sector in shipping and the creation of an E. C. O. W. A. S. Ship line
Roustan, Gaël. "Les prémisses de politiques écologistes ? les fondements de l'écologie politique et leur traduction au sein des politiques d'aménagement du territoire, à travers l'exemple du projet ferroviaire Lyon-Turin /." Grenoble : IEP, 2006. http://iepdoc.upmf-grenoble.fr/memoires/pdf/2006/Z7308.pdf.
Full textSéminaire : "Politique et Environnement" sous la direction de Stéphane La Branche. Titre provenant de la page de titre numérisée. Bibliogr. p. 126-127.
BUENO, LEME MONICA. "La politique de formation professionnelle dans les entreprises de transports collectifs urbains en france." Paris 12, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA120055.
Full textThe principal objective of this thesis is to explain the role professional training plays in the collective urban transport industry. By analyzing the evolution of public services, we see professional training as a catalyst for urban development. Various factors, both external such as the increase in urban traffic, public demand, technological changes, and internals such as productivity studies, cost reduction and competition have largely contributed to a new dimension in public service. In this context, professional training becomes important tool in management and adaptation. Professional training in the collective urban transport industry has two basic characteristics: first, it is a multi-partner activity in that it involves both public and private sectors and secondly, its methods of practice are directly linked to the specialty of each company in collective urban transportation. To develop our argument, we have asked three basic questions: - at what point in time did professional training began to take on a significant role in collective urban transport? - what are the strategies used by collective urban transport companies for professional training? - are the training needs demanded by professionals met by these strategies? in this paper we will try to analyze, through a historical approach, the emergence of a training demand, its objectives, politics, management and implementation
Guerrinha, Christophe. "La gouvernance des régions urbaines : l'exemple des politique de déplacements à Grenoble et Toulouse." Thesis, Paris Est, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PEST3010/document.
Full textThis study aimed to objective the extension of daily trips management on the scale of the peripheral areas and on the urban regions. The daily trip’s stakes are focused on the “governability” of metropolises, notably in front of: their divisions socioeconomic and politic, the process of decentralization and the tangle of multiple territorial levels, and finally the presence of various intermunicipal structures unfolded in outlying suburbs areas. Through of an approach by the “governance”, this study analyses different "expressions", political as technical, to answer divisions in the field of the public transportation. The enlargement of perimeters or at least the adaptation of the regulation system by a more integrated coordination, appears necessary, or still essential, to arrest stakes of daily trips between outlying suburbs areas and central agglomerations. This thesis contributes to identify the territorial administration of the urban areas and the institutionalization of a third actor, in this case the periurban actor ; to question road plans and their capacity to be answered stakes of urban transition; to think on the organizational frames of the public transportation and the perimeters extension; to give light on cooperative modes between the different territorial levels; to illustrate technical resolutions; and finally to envisage daily trips in their report in the city
Sebban, Annie-Claude. "La complémentarité entre vélo et transport public." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX32060.
Full textIn a context of periurbanization, car dominance and Urban Transport Plans (PDU), several French cities have seen recently ‘forgotten' modes of transport coming back in urban areas like bicycle, walking, inline skating and even light scooter. Alternative to car use, these ‘smooth modes of transport' are use in different situations : utilitarian journeys, sport, leisure and tourism. Among them, bicycle is the most used (21 millions of bicycles in France). Another aspect of these modes powered by human energy is that they are developing in complementarity with public transport vehicles. This cooperation has several forms : cohabitation (share use) between bus and bicycle on bus lane or cohabitation between tramway and bicycle parallel to the tram's tracks, intermodality between bike and train or bike and subway, bicycle transport inside of a coach, bus or tramway, or cyclist's attraction to public transport station and bicycle parking. Here are the most common forms of complementarity between bicycle and public transport that we have explored. During our research, we have used methods from humanities, economy and mathematic : City Planning, Geography, History, Sociology, Psychosociology, Transport, Environment, Probabilities and Statistic. To expose our ideas, we chose a plan divided in three phases. Firstly, we have defined the main notions about our research object : actors of the bicycle field, motivations of bicycle use and forms of complementarity between bicycle and public transport. In a second stage, we focused on cohabitation's forms. Endly, in a third period, we have described and analyzed forms of intermodality between bicycle and public transport. Gradually, our field explorations led us to the following problematic : notions of time and space are an indispensable approach to define and explain complementarity between bicycle and public transport's practices, and to investigate their disparities all around the French territory. Because of this approach, our research have been deeply concerned by references about places and territories
Thibaud, Sylvie. "Transport public departemental : une evaluation de la regulation decentralisee." Lyon 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO22007.
Full textAt the beginning of the eighties, the important crisis affecting non-urban public transport questions a rigid and archaic organization of the system and reinforces the importance of cedentralizing the public transport sector. By giving local authorities the liberty of decision making, this seems to be the right solution. Although decentralization has inherited old laws and uses, it is rather innovating by the suppleness of its rules. It proposes a new decentralized and contractual functioning of the transport system. It is thus the responsibility of the "conseils generaux" (local parliament) to establish a local public transport policy. They create an arbitration between the different interests at issue during a permanent process of negociation. That is why one can not detach policy making from the stakes of local actors. Thesepolicies are the result of numerous factors linked to the local environment in its technical-economic, political and human-relations aspects. This typically french intermediate strategy which is the decentralized and contractual functioning of interurban public transports, gives average results in terms of economic and social effectiveness. It definitely initiates and stimulates the development of new logics of transport companies and authorities, thus allowing an improvement of the offered services. Nevertheless, it facilitates the continuation of preexisting situations in service management and organization. Finally, the changing. .
Chevasson, Guillaume Crozet Yves. "Le calcul économique à l'épreuve des contraintes du secteur des transports routiers les cas de l'insécurité routière et de l'effet de serre /." [S. l.] : [s. n.], 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2007/chevasson_g.
Full textNsang, Bernard. "Restructuration du transport aérien en Afrique : enjeu de la coopération et stratégie d'intégration." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040297.
Full textAfrica is economically invalid. Its development process is quiet slow. In this context, the air transport is poorly structured and undergoes misfortunes leading to a decadent management policy. The airlines carriers are deeply in deficit as they lack of a sound management to survive without subsidies and in a high competitive environment. They need to be restructured that is to say carrying out a new technical and economical organization in order to reduce the costs and to increase income. The international financial organizations in their process of African aviation policy privatization they they prompting cooperation and integration by working out common means of production with an integrated pattern. The awareness integrating the environment and fanatical nationalism has led to an overview of the situation which commands: - the management privatization and firstly the board of directors of national airlines carriers for restructuring. - actions at all levels for cooperation. -the merger of long haul networks and the interchange of fleets for the sub-regional integration, within the context of jointly-operated airline
Blanquart, Corinne. "Infrastructures de transport et développement : L'apport de l'économie des réseaux : une analyse comparative des littoraux du Nord-Pas-de-Calais et du Kent." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50374-1998-221.pdf.
Full textThe analysis of the link between transport infrastructure - space and developement calls for taking into account several types of space: + banal; space and economic space. The relation between transport-space and development limits itself to the couple infrastructure - development when space is only considered as a trasport cost, as in the effect analysis. To build a space representation which can't be reduced to the costs, we need to consider the development as an actors' process. Without being based on territorialised production logics, we will adopt a production representation based on the activities coordination, so that transport activity, supported by infrastructures, could be taken into account. The network, defined as an interactive process of resource mobilisation, is a particular type of coordination, which makes it possible to improve coordination. To make the link with spatial issues, we consider the territory as a particular form of network. Infrastructures support but don't determine the circulation, which caracterizes the networking interactions. They are only the support of an organisational mode of coordination based on circulation. We make the assumption that there are several types of network, with different modes of coordination, and specific transport use. Thanks to a survey of kent and nord-pas de calais enterprises, we draw up a typology of networking organisations. The nature of the network will depend on the type of demand and will find expression in the variety of exchanged resources and the importance of either the organisation of resource flows or their transport
Elessa, Etuman Dipita Arthur. "Analyse des impacts des politiques énergétiques et de déplacements urbains sur la pollution de l’air : modélisation intégrée pour un espace urbain soutenable." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1248/document.
Full textAir pollution is a major environmental and social problem and, at the same time, it is a complex problem that poses multiple challenges in terms of management and mitigation of air pollutants. Air pollutants are emitted by anthropogenic and natural sources. They can be either emitted directly (primary pollutants) or formed in the atmosphere (secondary pollutants). Their impacts on health, ecosystems, the urban texture and the climate are proven. Effective action to reduce the impacts of air pollution requires a good understanding of its causes, how pollutants are transported and transformed in the atmosphere and their impact on humans, ecosystems, climate, society, the economy and buildings. Today, policies and development plans aim to make cities sustainable which involves taking into account the internal interactions that make the city a complex system. It is necessary to consider the determinants of air quality. Modeling is one of the most important tools for decision support. There is currently little modeling work integrating several disciplinary fields in terms of air quality. This research aims to develop an innovative approach to the modeling of air quality by integrating social, economic and transportation logistics