Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Politique sanitaire – France – 1990-2020'
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Reynaud-Maurupt, Catherine. "Usagers ou ex-usagers de drogues injectables atteints par le V. I. H. : des trajectoires sociales à la prise en charge médicale." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHESA096.
Full textSerre, Marina. "Le "tournant néo-libéral" de la santé ? : les réformes de la protection maladie en France dans les années 1990 ou l'acclimatation d'un référentiel de marché." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010345.
Full textFarnarier, Cyril. "Les dimensions sociales d'une politique de santé publique : le cas des consultations de protection infantile." Paris, EHESS, 2009. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01104369.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to the analysis of the medico-social action as a particular type of intervention. It is based on a field work in the free consultations of "child protection" (protection infantile in French) in France, and questions the medico-social prevention while being "performed". 1bis research also observes the gaps and tensions which exist between legislation, organization of the consultations, professional positions taken by the protagonists, and the specific issue of the public addressed in priority by these consultations. There are numerous stakes within the articulation of medical and social, as well as various medical and social elements raised in the real-life situations. The analysis of these stakes and elements reveals that prevention is crafted, invented, and necessarily redefined in daily interactions
Lequien, Laurent. "Essais d'évaluation de politique publique dans les champs de l'éducation, de la santé et des politiques d'emploi." Phd thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00705944.
Full textFoures, Franck. "De l'urgentisation des routines à la routinisation des urgences : vieilles maladies, nouvelles crises, simples alertes." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0061.
Full textBeyond the major sanitary crises, at the turn of the 21st century a multiple of more reduced and barely politicized crises have appeared, affecting this time the regular and usual activities of the services in charge of Public Health. Rabies and meningitis are two such diseases managed routinely in an almost autonomous way by specialized administrations throughout the second half of the 20th century and which appear suddenly in the form of crises, as from 2000s. These diseases and their various episodes acquire at first a new status and appear as crises because of a redefining of the stakes which they convey by new actors on the sanitary scene or by brutal renegotiations of their property/suitability between these same actors. The very clear increase of files so made visible at the national level is accompanied by a standardization of their practices of management connected to a coverage taken on by structures and specialized actors (InVS, missions and the department of sanitary emergencies). This work studies the impact of the changes of the sanitary scene which were decided after the major crises concerning the taking on and the management of the sanitary files. It concludes in a shape of everyday acceptance or in a global dynamic of the taming of certain forms of crises by a process "of urgentisation of the routines" accompanied by a progressive "routinisation of urgencies”
Ravoux, Vincent. "Le panier de biens et de services de santé : une approche managériale pour la France." Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOE002.
Full textDessales, Thomas. "Le règlement amiable des accidents médicaux depuis 2002 : un système en recherche de nouveaux équilibres." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2021. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/DDOC_T_2021_0353_DESSALES.pdf.
Full textThe law of March 4th, 2002 relative to the rights of the sick and to the quality of the health system said law Kouchner has in a new way in France set up a state system of amicable settlement and compensation of the victims of medical accidents. In maintaining 15 years of existence it is interesting to make a current situation on these procedures to observe if the fixed objectives were filled. It will also be a question of comparing this system in term of access, procedure and efficiency with what exists at our European partner's
Belorgey, Nicolas. "Réformer l'hôpital, soigner les patients : une sociologie ethnographique du nouveau management public." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0173.
Full textFrench authorities try since the middle 70s to « contain » health expenditures. Among others tools, they use those of New Public Management (NPM). Beyond its theory, what does this doctrine do for / to the hospitals and their patients? The current policy has been examined from a top-down perspective as weIl as a bottom-up one. The first entry -in the ethnographic sense -was in a government agency and then looked up at the private consulting agencies it appoints, hospitals and patients. The second one processed in the reverse order. Moreover, quantitative data have been analysed, stemming from two field-based questionnaires and administrative databases (n=1,8 million). Several results appear. 1) The policy is much more concerned with cost cutting than with quality enhancement. The government agency try to turn resource problems into organisation ones, i. E. To make physicians, nurses and so on, accountable for the troubles in the hospitals. 2) This policy may have real effects only if it is supported by intermediate actors, what in practice depend on their former socialisations. 3) The policy conflicts with hospital professionals, so that among them the established (in the sense of Norbert Elias) oppose it, and the outsiders cooperate more. 4) In the more « advanced » department of those inquired, a better« efficiency » meant a lower quality of the treatments delivered to the patients
Greffion, Jérôme. "Faire passer la pilule : visiteurs médicaux et entreprises pharmaceutiques face aux médecins : une relation socio-économique sous tensions privées et publiques (1905-2014)." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0133.
Full textTo think the pharmaceutical representatives as a professional group at the boundary of the medical world and the world of the pharmaceutical industry, the author had to make use of different methods: historiographical (archives and press from associations and trade-unions), statistical (surveys from INSEE, Assurance maladie and ad hoc), ethnographic (observations of pharmaceutical representatives at work and non-directive interviews). He shows how the pharmaceutical industry has built, and continues to build, a prescriber’s market under its control in order to meet its own objectives. Three spaces are taken into consideration: the public space, that is the relationship between employers, trade-unions and public authorities; the pharmaceutical companies; the interactions between pharmaceutical representatives and doctors. In the first space, this research tells a social history of the action of the pharmaceutical representatives, the pharmaceutical companies and the state, trying to fix the shape of the system building the industry-doctors relationship. The failure of the mobilizations of the pharmaceutical representatives – a social group born in the early XXth century – and the lack of effects of the public action are underlined. This thesis shed light upon the way the industry uses managements systems to “rationalize” its sales services, adjusts the labor to the market, controls its “outdoor” employees and imposes the commercial performance. Finally, this research investigates the representative-doctor relationship. It tries to identify what is exchanged, what benefits draw the actors, and the way they interact, in this equivocal situation where a socially dominant prescriber is being canvassed. In this unsettled relationship, where the economic aspect is expressed by euphemisms, opposing power relations take place: doctors are influenced whereas dominating the pharmaceutical representatives in the interactions. The analysis of the heterogeneous relationship between doctors and representatives allow to shed light upon the lines dividing doctors, in particular between those choosing the refusal and the exit and those taking advantage of the relationship to favor their integration within their professional group
Nollet, Jérémie. "Des décisions publiques « médiatiques » ? : sociologie de l’emprise du journalisme sur les politiques de sécurité sanitaire des aliments." Thesis, Lille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL20013/document.
Full textAre public policies made by the media? This would-be influence of journalists over public decisions is common place among “decision-makers”. It is also assumed by Agenda-setting as well as social problems theorists. Yet, the real nature of the phenomenon is more complex: it follows different paths along several directions. It rests on the active and variable engagement of the politicians and high civil servants who produce decisions. Thus, the question needs to be rephrased: to what extent does the production of public decisions depend on the journalistic field? In order to elucidate this question, this doctoral thesis offers a sociological analysis of the specific logics which lead decision-makers (i.e. ministers’ personal staff, and representatives aswell as high civil servants,) to pay attention to media coverage in decision-making processes. The elaboration of this theoretical framework, at the crossroads of the sociologies of journalism and public action, is based on ananalysis of the handling of the mad cow disease by French officials during the 1990s. The ambition is to account for the very attention the holders of the executive power (namely, the Ministers of Agriculture, Consumption,Health, but also the Prime Minister and the President), the members of Parliament and high civil servants paid to media-related challenges within the practice of decision-making. Thus, it appears that the most “media dependent”decisions are the result of the handling of the most symbolic issues according to the logics of action of the most dependent agents on legitimization stakes in the journalistic field: the principal ministers and their advisers
Lagasnerie, Grégoire de. "Trois essais en économie de la santé sur la régulation de la demande de soins de ville s'appuyant sur la méthode de micro-simulation." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0093.
Full textThis thesis sheds light on various issues in health economics (reimbursement system of care, sensitivity of the demand for health care prices , prediction of the dynamics of care expenses ) through the technique of micro -simulation. This thesis is composed of three articles. The first two articles of this thesis contribute to improved understanding of the mechanism related to the regulation of health care demand through the reimbursement system. The last article analyzes the evolution of the demand for care in the medium and long term. The first article focuses on the analysis in term of equity and hedging of reform of the reimbursement system of healthcare services in France. The second article examines the implications for health insurance and the insured of changes in consumption behavior of insured following a reform of the reimbursement system of cafe in France. The third article, from the study of different methods of projections in the economic literature analyzes the dynamic of outpatient healthcare expenditure related to the ageing population
Guilleux, Céline. "L'institutionnalisation de la santé environnementale en France. : D'une approche globale homme / environnement à la sectorisation d'actions de santé publique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3007/document.
Full textThe last fifteen years, debates around environmental health problems increased in the public space. Brought on by heterogeneous social actors (scientists, activists, public health professionals, sick persons...), they highlight new social concerns about environmental and health dangers. Based on a methodology associating discourse analysis, network analysis and direct observation, the thesis examines the institutionalisation of environmental health and argues that its main stake is the passage from a global approach of the relations between health and environment to its division into public health actions. To demonstrate this, our work analyses the emergence of environmental explanations of health constructed by pluridisciplinary scientific networks during the 90s. This approach differs from the sanitary movement by regarding invisible health dangers (electromagnetic fields, endocrine disruptors, nanoparticles...) and defining individuals as living beings evolving in ecosystems. Its social aknowledgement grows during the 2000s as a result of activist networks organised around its divulgation. Furthermore, the thesis shows the part played by professional NGOs of environmental health in the transformation of local and environmental illness claims into public health reform claims more generally. The integration of these claims in public health risk assessment leads to a progressive normalization and division of environmental health (occupational health, habitation, air pollution, endocrine disruptors...). This process leads to definition of new behavioral norms recommending individuals become their own risk managers
Ka, Ousseynou. "La politique militaire de la France en Afrique (1994-2003) : continuité ou mutations." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT2030.
Full textBased on a multidimensional strategy, French military policy after the cold war has experienced factors both exogenous and endogenous like cohabitation, including the democratization of African political regimes and the influence of European construction. This military policy had faced on French constituuonnal legal system marked by alternative power. All Presidents of the Fifth Republic expressed an immediate interest through the defence agreements in order to perpetuate the power of the Hexagon on these former colonies. Political changes have been made to reform or maintain military policy in west Africa. But the redefinition of this policy constituted an emergency which prompted France to seek the legitimacy of its action at international and European level ro develop a coherent military policy meeting the expectations of francophone Stales
Fack, Gabrielle. "Formation des inégalités, politiques du logement et ségrégation résidentielle." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0085.
Full textThis thesis on housing inequalities is organized in two main parts. The first part analyses the efficiency of housing policies that aim at providing low income households with affordable housing. We propose an evaluation of the incidence of housing benefits on rents by exploiting a reform that extended the benefits in the 1990's. Our estimations show that they have led to an increase in rents. The second part studies how housing markets contribute to create educational inequalities. We first analyse theoretically the effect of strict school zoning on residential stratification and educational inequalities. We then estimate empirically the impact of public schools' performance on housing prices. We find a modest but significant effect of middle school performance on housing prices in Paris. We also show that the presence of private schools in the neighbourhood tends to attenuate the impact of public schools
Hachimi-Alaloui, Myriam. "L'épreuve de l'exil : le cas des Algériens installés en France et au Québec." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0119.
Full textBéraud-Sudreau, Lucie. "Soutien ou contrôle ? La politique des ventes d’armes en France et en Suède (1990-2015)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020018.
Full textThis thesis studies the changes in French and Swedish arms export policies since the end of the Cold War. It seeks to explain why we first observe a converging trend between the two states (1990-2005) and then a diverging trend (2005-2015). The thesis shows that the explanations for policy change do not stem only from international (economic and diplomatic transformations) or domestic factors (defence industry evolutions, arms trade scandals, government political shifts), but from the power struggles between “pro-support” and “pro-control” arms export coalitions. The intervention and succession of causal mechanism requiring actors’ political work is necessary to link the international and domestic factors of change to the observed reforms in arms export policies
Lechaux, Bleuwenn. "Scènes et répertoires des engagements des mondes du théâtre : une comparaison New York-Paris." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1G037.
Full textThis research deals with theatre professionals’ involvements in political causes, in France and the United States (mainly Paris and New York), specifically since the 1990s. Our main argument consists in demonstrating that the involvements of theatre artists are professionally structured. This questioning enables us to cast light both on involvements through the prism of theatre professions, and on theatre professions through the prism of involvements. The thesis aims to demonstrate that the types (« professional », « peri-professional », « extra-professional »), the modalities (individual, collective) and the forms of involvements (petition, artistic street action, « activist » play, « political » play) can be explored through the lens of the double positioning of artists, both in the theatre field (professional hierarchies, differentiated systems of legitimization and artistic recognition, etc. ), and within their artistic career (beginning of career, « ascending career », well-established career). By inviting analysis of transversal and idiosyncratic realities, comparative research enables us to put theoretical hypotheses to the test, and, thereby, makes possible the transition from a descriptive to an analytical point of view. The architecture of the thesis combines the dimensions of the professional structuration of involvement in different ways : first, the macro-structural level, both historic and spatial (part I) ; then, the level of trajectories and professional and involvement careers (part II) ; and finally, the level of the artistic forms of involvement (part III)
Camard, Sophie. "Le patronage politique des conflits pour l'emploi : le cas de la Seine-Saint-Denis (1991-1994)." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010262.
Full textAllel, Samir. "Les relations entre les Conseils Régionaux du Culte Musulman et les Collectivités territoriales : analyse de l’organisation locale du culte musulman et de son rapport au politique." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0143.
Full text''Islam has its place at the table of the Republic". This quote used by Jean Pierre Chevènement, French Home Secretary of the Jospin government fit into a general debate over the position of Islam and more particularly of local Islam in the French society. The issue of the place of Islam in France and of its daily expression on a local scale has become a recurring problem and some events such as the Toulouse shootings, involving Mohamed Merah, made the "political Islamism" ghost reappear. We have to to go beyond passion in order to understand local Islam in France through the regional Muslim Councils that are supposed to be preferred representatives of public authorities. The goal is to understand the complexity of Islam in France. That is the reason why it was considered interesting to dedicate this research to this issue with the experience of a citizen observing Islam in France. Islam in France as topic was too large to discuss and treat. We were interested in a topic that take root in Islam, in its temporal and institutional aspects. The polemic that the representation of Islam provoked was a push to know more, especially in the city of Avignon. We would like to understand the impact and dimension of the symbolic value of such an institutionalization of Islam. A historic meeting between Islam and Republic seems to happen right before our eyes. It is important to say that most of researches barely treated die organization of the Muslim religion on a local scale. The main objective is to measure in quantitative and qualitative terms the practical action of the French Council of Muslim Faith (CFCM), taking into account its primary missions related to the representation and protection of the Muslim faith. This research also has as an objective to comprehend in a better way the relationship between regional Muslim Councils and local elected representatives. It is particularly interesting to note that for ten years, Islam as a social fact invited itself on cities agendas in the form of files dealing with mosque, Muslim cemetery areas, head scarfs, or more recently halal meals in public schools. All of which are among issues that elected representatives have to deal with and they are not always prepared or legally armed to resolve them. Do the elected Muslim interlocutors have a real representativeness next to the elected members of local authorities (mayors, local council presidents. . . ) or are they just another interlocutor that emphasizes the heterogeneity of j the local Islamic landscape? The lack of hierarchy and the diversity of schools of thought have made it hard for Islam to structure itself and to gain acknowledgement. The nature of the Muslim community, divided and split up is an obstacle to the organization and recognition of Islam by the institutions. As some are demanding for a readjustment of the December 9th 1905 Act, dealing with the separation of State and religions, this study is intended to enlighten with a new outlook the interaction between religious communities and local authorities in a lay State context and in a widely secularized society. This thesis is a contribution to define the real connection between Islam in non Muslim country such as France and secularism felt and used by local elected representatives. It is a way to address citizenship and to address the failure by the Republic to recognize some as full-fledged citizens
González, Olga L. "La « débrouille » : migrants andins en France et accès aux droits." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0118.
Full textThis research analyzes Andean migrants' individual and collective behaviour in France, in their attempt to reach social integration. The field work carried out in the Parisian region shows that the Andean migrants' preferred strategy can be characterized as "individual husding". The term points to the relationship between the individual and the law and institutions. The migrants deal with their situation by placing themselves outside of the legal framework as well as largely outside of institutions. This strategy is defined by the author and compared to other similar sociological concepts; it is then used to examine the behaviour of migrants of other origins. A number of recurring strategies can be analyzed using the concept of 'home society transfer', which explains the link between the migrants' home society's social and political context and the types of behaviour they display as immigrants
Ravinel, Chantal de. "Acteurs et recomposition d'un territoire agricole : exemple d'une région de moyenne montagnes : les Combrailles." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CLF20007.
Full textUral, Nur Yasemin. "Mourir en diaspora : les pratiques funéraires des «minorités» musulmanes originaires de Turquie en Allemagne et en France." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0007.
Full textMy doctoral thesis focuses on the question of death of a Muslim in Europe drawing on a case study on the Turkish speaking Muslim minorities in Germany and in France. The post-mortem voyage of the corpses, which is still the dominant practice for this group, has been mainly framed within the discussions on the "integration" of a "migrant", as the decision to be buried in the country of residence is considered to be an ultimate sign for willingness to "integrate". In these debates on the supposed lack of integration, "Islam" is offered to be the principal reason for those who opt for repatriation to the country of origin. With a critical stance to the ideological construction and the absurdity of the question of "integration" of German or French bom citizens of Kurdish or Turkish descent, I focus rather on the economic and political structures enabling repatriation, legal problems before the realisation of Muslim burials in Germany and France from a historical perspective parallel with other minoritised religions by the State, which constructs Islam as an "exception". In order to expose the complexity of the issue, I realised an ethnographic study, based on participant observations and semi-structured interviews on the one hand with Muslim undertaker companies in Berlin and Paris each of which adhering to different religious and/or ideological currents on the other hand with persons
Noyé, Sophie. "Féminisme matérialiste et queer : politique(s) d'un constructivisme radical." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0018.
Full textThis research addresses the pluralization of feminist emancipation’s forms in France since the mid-1990s in light of the conflict between materialist and queer feminisms. We have taken as our starting point the hypothesis that the linkage between these two political theoretic discourses is possible since it actually takes place in the « queer-feminist » movement’s militant practices. We argue that this combination is meaningful and deserves to be better theorized since it carries with it a message of radicalism and inclusiveness. The alliance of the two approaches questions the definition of the feminist subject, and especially the formulation of a political unity which is not essentialist. We analyze the extent to which both the (counter-)hegemonic approach and the project of a radical, agonistic and plural democracy provide us with tools to answer this issue. Our argument runs as follow : the discourse of radical constructivism that results from the union between materialistic and queer feminisms should develop a hegemonic strategy regarding the conception of the political subject for two reasons. First, this strategy takes into account the plurality of the contingency of the social realm. Second, it aims at unifying and stabilizing the political « Us » in order to reverse the various material domination’s manifestations. Such a constructivist theory thinks of the political realm as an institution of the social realm and develops an understanding of politics as the organization of conflict in a situation of undecidability
Lemettre, Sonia. "Gouverner le fret ferroviaire en France et en Allemagne (1990-2010) : processus de diffusion d'énoncés réformateurs à l'ère du développement durable." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961252.
Full textMantovan, Giacomo. "Combattants et victimes en temps de guerre et d'exil : violence, mémoire et subjectivité dans les récits de vie de Tamouls sri lankais en France." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0108.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the memories and life stories of Sri Lankan Tamils who arrived in France aller the year 2000. It is based on an ethnographie investigation of the life accounts of thèse exiles, many of whom have fought in the secessionist organisation Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), as well as of asylum policies in France. This work seeks to shed light on the emergence and construction of specifie political subjects, in particular the "fighter" and the "victim", across différent contexts. It seeks to define the rôle played by institutions, social injunctions and socio-cultural values in relation to the fashioning of subjectivity. An attempt is made to understand the way in which the interpretation of the past and the meaning assigned to it contribute to define the exiles' identity. As violence is a recurrent element in the life stories examined, the thesis analyses the way in which narrative accounts of the past deal with social uses of violence in different contexts (LTTE, host institutions, etc. ). The thesis further highlights the tact that war is not just a moment of social disintegration, but that it entails a reconfiguration of the existing social, political and cultural order. Wilhin a historical context that was rapidly changing (war and exile), new collective and individual identifies emerged. Finally, the work emphasises the fact that telling our own story reveals our place in the world : it means negotiating our relation with others and the society in wich we live. It is possible, therefore, to examine the way in wich the exiles face their suffering and rebuild their lives
Dupetit, Magali. "Les usages de l'environnement en politique étrangère : le cas de la coopération franco-chinoise (1997-2013)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0045.
Full textIn 1997, France and China signed a bilateral agreement on environmental cooperation. This agreement led to many technical assistance programs and projects managed by Agence De l’Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l’Energie and by Agence Française de Développement in China. The thesis presents this introduction of environment in French chinese policy and analyse the phenomenon as a dynamic of agregation and adaptation of practices from different sources of public policies (environmental policy, development policy and French chinese policy). In 2013, those practices become part of a routine and show the end of the construction period of environmental cooperation between France and China
Ott, Thomas. "Les ingouvernables : la faillite du gouvernement des roms en bidonvilles : Lyon, 2005-2012." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20008.
Full textThis work deals with slums management local policies in Lyon between 2005 and 2012. I tried to interrogate what is leading to think roma’s slums situation as a specific and unmanageable situation. This specificity lead constantly to question roma people rather than the management’s policies of the situation. It produce roma people as not governed people or, as i said, « the ungovernables ». The problem is not obvioulsy roma’s problem, but a problem concerning the operation of social life and our own relation with these situations. Speaking about « occupation » when a settlement is occuring in the city’s cracks, I asked what is « occupying » us so much when roma occupy a plot of our city. I wanted to show with wich repetition and insistance we are binding on this strange and foreign presence. I tried to show how much it is necessary for the observers and actors of the situation to indentify, to distinguish and to establish what is going on and what is going over the expectations of conformation, wich are defining the contemporary governmentality. That is what i tried to document it as moments of « governmentality’s failure of roma’s slums».The purpose of this work is what it is « ungovernable » in any kind of situation. What resists to the governement of squats and slums situations is not a population in particular, but the impossibility to consider one with assertivness and effectivness. The problem is not to know how roma people are doing to be unidentified at this point but what is leading to be necessary for the governement of the situation to establish what it is needed to intervene on. In other words, the question is the relation between the practice of governement and the production’s process of subjectivity, as well as objectivity : in wich way the practice of power produce an acting subject and how necessarily transparent and appropriate-to-recognition subjects and objects, when they disappear of the field of « visibility » to get « off the limelight » the field of the « indinstinguishables », are calling the practice of governement in question ?One of the central notions in this work is the notion of resistance : first of all, what resists is the possibility of objectivize these situations, wich is appearing in the tricky perception of the space or the body’s conditions in slums, or the difficulty of population census and precarious housing mapping in the whole city, in all cases the possibility to generalize and to understand globaly what happens ; then, what resists is situated in the management of a « crisis situation » as a slum, it is the « crisis » itself wich is instituion’s one who is imperfectly able to govern things, and in the same time the crisis of its ambition to state and order body’s and time’s of whom overflows the established framework ; finally, what resists lean on apparatus more than is opposed to, with some ways of operating recovering or keeping a « room for maneuver », situated in the edge of the domestic subjectivity where the contemporary governmentality try, with more or less succes, to invest
Gonchig, Khishig-Erdene. "La Mongolie et ses rapports avec le monde et la France depuis 1990 : influence internationale sur la politique mongole." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR130/document.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the internal and external political, economic and constitutional life of Mongolia since its democratic revolution. This small country mainly relies on its natural resources and willing to develop its cooperation with other countries, which have rich experiences in mining. Analyses on foreign direct investment in Mongolia show the impact of domestic legislation: laws on the exploration and exploitation of natural resources, protection of the environment, and strategic ranking of natural resource sites etc. The thesis attempts to explain Mongolia's current relations with foreign countries and tries to predict the future in light of the commitments to international organizations and bilateral and multilateral agreements. This thesis puts into perspective the concept of "third neighbor" in Mongolia's foreign policy: the search for the support of a third power, which is a virtual neighbor (ie without geographical proximity) sharing the same democratic values. Moreover, it tries to explain in detail, the bilateral relations between Mongolia and France, its privileged "third neighbor". It highlights the human and territorial relations between France and Mongolia that allow for good relations at a higher level irrespective of economic and political problems. Finally, as the very first thesis on Mongolian foreign relations, namely with France, it aims to serve as a reference base for those interested in Mongolia
Mellet, Xavier. "La composition médiatique des populismes : une comparaison France-Japon." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0037/document.
Full textThis thesis offers a study of the concept of populism today, through a comparison between French and Japanese cases. It focuses on election campaigns and the study of elements present in newspapers articles. The reasoning is divided into two parts. The first one analyzes the current problems of the concept of populism, and then proposes a methodological reflection, based on a will not to distinguish populist people from democrats, and the empirical inclusion of populism and the political. Following Ernesto Laclau’s “populist reason” theory, this part gives a definition of populism as a “mediatic composition”: populism exists when a composition is successfully created around an element that is visible within mass media content. The second part is dedicated to the study of such phenomena through a Japan-France comparison. It defines the main characteristics of the compositions seen in both countries, with particular regard to incarnation (how to become a leader) and the political project (how to become a central issue), within the 2005 and 2009 Japanese legislative elections and the French 2007 presidential election. It dwells on the specificities of each country regarding the emergence of populist dynamics, consisting of elementary expansions within a campaign, whatever its nature (proposition, person, enemy…). A particular attention is given to François Bayrou, Ségolène Royal (2007) and Koizumi Junichirō (2005); as well as the postal privatization (2005), the change in government (2009) and May 68 (2007). The conclusion proposes a theory of populism as emergence and some methodological prospects based on the notion of ‘monad’
Reguer-Petit, Manon. "Bifurcations familiales et socialisations politiques : une comparaison des femmes en famille nucléaire, monoparentale et recomposée." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0015.
Full textIn a context of diversification of family structures, this thesis begins by analyzing the impact of familial turning points on the political socialization of women. In addition, it provides an understanding of how these turning points impact the way women see themselves as agents of socialization for their children or stepchildren. This study is based on a twofold comparison in France: on the one side, an examination of three different family structures (nuclear families, single-parent families and stepfamilies) and, on the other side, a comparison of associative and non-associative contexts. A quantitative analysis of ERFI data provided by INED complements the use of several qualitative methods: an ethnographic study within three associations and an interview study carried out with 88 women, mothers in nuclear or single-parent families and stepfamilies. The results of this thesis show that family structures influence the political socialization process of women. Experiences of family blending, and even more those of separation, arouse the transformation of socialization among women. These transformations are marked by a change in their values regarding family and gender roles, their perception of justice as well as of familial and social policies. They finally affect women’s attitude toward the political offer. Family trajectory therefore impacts the way women see themselves as agents of socialization. The analysis demonstrates that family structure influences what women want to pass on to their children or stepchildren, the way they do it and their degree of intentionality
Abbes, Nader. "L'impact du volet environnemental de la loi sur les nouvelles régulations économiques (NRE) sur le management des entreprises." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100088.
Full textThe State missed a long time the management relationship of economy and law with the environment. Under the increasing pressure of a national and international mobilization and due to the increase of problems involving environment, several regulatory and economic measures in favor of the environmental protection were adopted by the whole of the Western countries. Initially, the public authorities started to worry about the general state of the environment and set up legislation, which intend to fight the insufficiencies of social equity and environmental concerns. Then, in response to a regulatory step, considered to be too constraining by the private actors, the State formulate a set of economic tools, reconciling society waits and companies’ development competitiveness objectives. Lastly, with the relative effectiveness of the various regulatory economic and environmental protection instruments, known as traditional, the State gradually transferred its responsibilities to the private actors by betting on the co-regulation and self-regulation. Our empirical work concerns the law impact on the new economic regulations (NRE) on the behavior of the companies concerning environmental reporting. The narrative contents of of the CAC 40 companies reports SD/CSR, is the object of our study. Our analysis will be led by two complementary approaches: a statistical and lexical analysis and an analysis set of themes, both, carried out using a textual analysis software, “Alceste”
Kiragu, Ann. "La mortalité maternelle au Kenya : mesures et déterminants." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010656.
Full textIn nearly the last three decades, an increased interest in maternal mortality has been taken by both researchers and the international community. Strategies and targets to reduce maternal mortality have been set during various International Conferences (The Safe Motherhood Conference in Nairobi in 1987, the International Conference on population in Cairo in 1994, and most importantly, the Millennium Summit in New York in the year 2000). While some developing countries have managed to meet the targets set, persistently high risks of maternal mortality remain one of the greatest health challenges that Kenya continue to face. Like in most sub-Saharan Africa countries, in Kenya, vital registration of births and deaths, that could reliably and continuously elicit information on maternal deaths, is usually incomplete. DHS sibling history data is the major source of information for both adult and maternal mortality. Using this data, this dissertation seeks to explain the persistently high levels of maternal mortality in Kenya between 1986 and 2008. A hospital based study is used to measure obstetric morbidities. This dissertation combines both classic demographic methods and generalized linear models to study levels and trends of maternal mortality, analyze obstetric morbidities and individual determinants of maternal mortality and morbidity. The Kenyan health system is considered as a contextual determinant of maternal mortality and morbidity in terms of availability, accessibility and quality of maternal health services. We find that the persistently high levels of maternal mortality are extremely related to the healthcare system, women’s reproductive and maternal healthcare seeking behavior, and that women’s’ behavior is highly linked to their socio cultural environment
Le, Crenn-Brulon Patricia. "Les espaces verts au cœur de nouveaux enjeux : des projets de territoire au renouvellement des références jardinières : le regard des jardiniers sur l’évolution de leur métier." Brest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BRES1015.
Full textThe green spaces, perceived through the prism of the urban ecology, promote at the moment the diversity. These wilder spaces are workplaces for the gardeners, who display knowledges and know-how there. From 2006 till 2009, 70 interviews were carried out with territorial agents of categories « C » in Brittany. According to the adopted hypothesis, the new vegetable matrix would return to often foreign references to the representations of the well done work that the gardeners are made and would participate in the evolution of the sense of their job. The notions of « dirty », of « abandoned », always present in their evaluations, show a difficulty imagining that their horticultural competences can be pointed out elsewhere that in well maintained, « clean » areas. These evolutions affecting in a dyschronic way the urban territories, we can subordinate a not homogeneous diachronic evolution of the professional identity within the corpus
Rioufreyt, Thibaut. "La traduction du néo-travaillisme britannique dans la gauche socialiste française (1997-2008)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20049.
Full textMy research stands at the meeting point of sociology of intellectuals and expertise, works on the Socialist party and studies on reception. I investigate the mechanisms through which political discourse and ideas circulate both on a national scale and in intellectual and political spaces. I focus on how the British « Third Way » was translated within the French socialist circle between 1997 and 2008. My thesis works as a contribution to the sociology of political and ideological discourse : referring to M. Foucault's theoretical tools, it is based on an « archeology » of texts produced by the translators. It also relies on discourse analysis through an ecological analysis of their social conditions of production, circulation and translation, taking also into account the social characteristics of the agents and the spaces in which they socialize. This investigation underlines how the New Labour model is used and spread in relationship with the translators' position within the diverse fields they belong to (that is to say, political field, intellectual field, state expertise field) but also within the hybrid network they form at the meeting point of these various fields. However, in order to resist the temptation to reduce discourse to simple reflections or expressive material, the translation of the New Labourism has also to be understood as an attempt to incorporate a foreign reference to help problematizing and redefining the ideology of contemporary socialism, given the problems it has been confronted with. My research is not strictly a transnational or comparative approach : the references to Great Britain work here as a way to better understand the socio-discursive logics at work in the French Socialist circle. Therefore, the references to the « Third Way » or to Tony Blair's figure are made explicit to reveal larger reconfigurations, as the mutation of the relationship between scientists and politicians, the desintellectualization of politics within the Socialist Party or the ideological shifting attitude of the French Left towards liberalism during the 1990's
Dannon, William. "Politiques publiques ; esquisse d’une analyse des mécanismes des choix publics face à la globalisation : enjeux politiques et sociaux des relations entre l’État et le groupe ArcelorMittal dans le bassin sidérurgique lorrain de 2012 à 2017." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0234.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the closure of the last two blast furnaces of Lorraine by ArcelorMittal company. For that purpose, it examines the workers' struggle of Florange and endeavors to understand the inability of the candidate François Hollande, who became President of France on may 6th 2012, to keep the election promise he made to the steel workers of ArcelorMittal during the campaign for the presidential election of 2012. Within this framawork, we develop an epistemological model that combines the cognitive analysis approach of public policies with an neo-institutionalism perspective. The interest of a such method is to try to overcome the opposition inherent to these two approaches by proposing an articulation between policies and politics. It’s therefore a question of understanding how the actors involved in this conflict analyze, interpret and give meaning to their action, without neglecting the importance of political and institutional factors that structured the decision-making process. The first result of this thesis reveals that the emergence of the social problem is consubstantial with the formation of the social actors collective’s identity. The second result is that the public choices made by the government in this affair, reflect the specific conception of French President François Hollande and his Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault regarding the role of the State on the public policies scenes. More fundamentally, the public choices made by the government fit very clearly into the neo-liberal policy defended by the European Union, and routinized for decades as practice and ‘’way of doing things’’ in all its committees. Consequently, the policies of the Members State at national level, are affected by the constraints of « path dependence » of the European Union
Piganiol, Marie. "Quartiers de reconnexion : genèse et production d'un nouveau modèle urbain." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IEPP0041.
Full textThe dissertation recounts the genesis and production of a new urban model which appeared in many French cities in the beginning of the 21st century. Coming under different labels, such as “eco-districts” or “sustainable districts”, a series of local urban operations initially launched independently, eventually acquired a common social reform dimension. Harmonious social mixing, neighborly relations and a vibrant urban life, and the reconciliation between the city and “nature”, make up this urban ideal which I therefore propose to call “reconnection”. The latter is analyzed through in-depth ethnography (interviews, long-term observations, quantitative data, iconographic and written documents analyses) of three “reconnecting districts” under construction in and around Paris, and by connecting these local urban operations with national policies (studied through field work at the French Ministry of Housing) developed in a wider international context (most notably, the COP21 international climate summit in Paris). The thesis examines the processes by which those urban operations are first set on local political agendas, it analyzes how some of them become trend-setters in France as well as demonstrators of exportable French urban savoir-faire around the world, and finally studies how those new districts’ promises of “reconnection” translate within land and housing markets and take shape through urban and architectural conception work. I argue that this new urban model emerges through an incremental process made up of multiple valuation operations and based on the incessant circulations of reconnection promises among cities, intermediary and national governments as well as economic actors. Ultimately, this thesis aims at contributing to the economic sociology of urban change, to the sociology of promises and innovations, and to the political sociology of models
Jabouin, Evens. "Entre péripéties, luttes et participations : l'émigration des Haïtiens en Floride et en région parisienne au cours du vingtième siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0044.
Full textWhen one mentions the question of the emigration of the Haitians throughout the world, one of the recurrent themes relating to it is that it is almost systematically associated with the years 1960, and more particularly with the advent of Papa Doc to the power in Haiti. As for the favored destinations of the Haitians, there is another recurrent theme which consists of presenting Miami as the bastion of the poor boat people, whereas Paris is regarded as the destination of a more elite Haitian migration or of the persecuted political actors. This study intends to show that what seemed true in Paris during the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century has not been the case for already a few decades. Going back to the first wave of emigration towards Cuba in the years 1910, it shows that the emigration of the Haitians precedes Duvalier, and examines the issue relating to the hosting and the settlement of recent waves of Haitian immigrants in France, in the United States and elsewhere. Regarded as undesirable, they were received rather unfavorably in their respective countries of reception. Nevertheless, recently, the Haitians abroad are shifting from their status of the undesirable poor to that of an influential and respectable group. In Florida today, the Haitians have come to be an important municipal players, elected to the head city institutions which has long been inaccessible to them. In the Paris region, the Haitians have not had equivalent electoral and political success, because they are less visible socially. But they have been, in recent years, part for a very encouraging sociocultural dynamic
Sitzenstuhl, Charles. "Jacques Chirac, Nicolas Sarkozy et l'adhésion de la Turquie à l'Union européenne : pour une approche psychologique de la décision." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0026.
Full textThe thesis analyzes the policy of France towards Turkey’s accession to the European Union between 1995 and 2012 by concentrating on the influence of Presidents Jacques Chirac and Nicolas Sarkozy’s personalities on this policy. This political psychology research is inspired by Albert Bandura’s social cognitive theory of personality. After developments calling for a better consideration of the individual decision-makers in political science, the thesis shows that French policy towards Turkish accession distinguishes itself through a centralized decision-making process around the President of the Republic. The support of France for Turkish accession between 1995 and 2007, against the public opinion, is explained by the personality of Jacques Chirac: his belief system, his determination, and his independence of mind. The election of Nicolas Sarkozy in 2007 is a rupture in the French position towards Turkey. Because of a domestic politics calculation corresponding to his belief system, the new President decides not to support Turkish accession anymore, even though France does not veto the pursuit of negotiations between the European Union and Turkey. In spite of this initial compromise, Paris-Ankara relations are severely damaged between 2007 and 2012, a situation that can be explained by the personality of Nicolas Sarkozy. The latter has a policy of rejection of Turkey on several topics (the Union for the Mediterranean, the Season of Turkey in France, the intervention in Libya). What is more, his uninhibited temperament irritates the Turkish authorities
Ndiaye, Malick. "L'exemplarité comme management public : le Plan administration exemplaire." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1277.
Full textAnchored in a constructivist attitude, a theoretical foundation of public management and public organizations, this exploratory thesis in management sciences mobilizes the fields of bureaucracy and post-bureaucracy in order to decipher French public policy of exemplarity in sustainable development and to analyze its effects on public organization and public management. The desire to observe exemplary rhetoric and to understand what it can mean for a public organization leads us to question its content: "What is exemplarity for a public organization - networked": Is it a Weber bureaucracy? Is this new public management? Is it an organizational transformation that tends towards an emerging public organization? We will see that, in reality, exemplarity leads to public organizations that do not always fit into a particular paradigm. They exist in the form of "hybrid" systems whose characteristics of the different bureaucratic, post-bureaucratic paradigms overlap and describe a mix between organizational knowledge and fragmented governance that is neither that of Weberian centralization, nor that offocusing on "managerial voluntarism", at the centre of the logic of the post-bureaucratic organizational model" (De Rozario, Pesqueux, 2018)
Gerardin, Noé. "Vers une centralité de la Région ? Émergence et affirmation du rôle de la Région Île-de-France en matière climat-air-énergie." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLA007/document.
Full textThe rising power of regions seems obvious in academic literature in France and abroad. What is the contribution of emerging issues such as environment to this shift? Is there such an increasing power of regions in the climate, air, and energy field? If so, how does it happen? To answer these questions, this doctoral thesis focuses on the changing role of the Île-de-France regional council in climate, air and energy policies since the 90’s. The study highlights an increase in power of the Île-de-France Region (also known as « Paris Region ») to address climate, air, and energy issues. This Region has taken a major position among all stakeholders. This observation has been made possible through a combination of a law and political sciences approaches. It allowed to study the actors, their relationships, their area of competence, their constraints, their means, and the way they use it. We studied in this doctoral thesis the jurisdiction of the Île-de-France regional council, its human and financial resources, its positioning regarding other actors in the region, and the way the regional council uses legal rules. Two schemes seem to be essential to understand the increasingly central position of the Île-de-France regional council on climate, air, and energy questions: first, the climate, air, and energy regional plan (schéma régional du climat, de l’air et de l’énergie) and then the chef de file (which could be translate by “leadership role”) of regional councils
Vittot, Aurélie. "La politique française d'intervention extérieure de 2007 à 2017 : sociologie d'un overachievement." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0041.
Full textThis thesis is divided into three main parts. The first one underlines the different factors which contribute to the continuity of French politics of military intervention, stressing the notion of middle power, French culture of human rights and the very special link which still unites nowadays Paris to the African continent. The second part examines the evolution of international norms and UN practice and tries to appreciate the part of the Security Council in the establishment of the French foreign policy. This section includes a comparative dimension as it deals with American, European, Russian and emerging countries politics in terms of military interventions. That focus enables to grasp French specific features, both institutional and in terms of military capacities. The last part of this work aims at analyzing the different military fields of the French army during the last decade. In Africa, military operations are often led unilaterally, African troops then taking over gradually. In the Middle East, French military interventions are mostly part of international coalitions led by the United States. "Opération Harmattan" in Libya is addressed in a proper section as it is in between the classical military interventions in Africa and the one we use to observe in the Middle East. Initiated by France and the UK but conducted under NATO leadership, this intervention constitutes a paradigm shift in French, European and Transatlantic security. This thesis thus analyzes a decade of French military engagement and enables to interpret the current events regarding crisis management and conflicts
Prognon, Nicolas. "La diaspora chilienne en France : l'exil et le retour, 1973-1994." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20087.
Full textAfter the military pronunciamiento on the eleventh of September 1973, thousands of Chileans fled from their country, to France mainly because of a warm feeling toward Salvador Allende's government. The first exiled arrived rather quickly and this flow, rather unusual for a South American country, lasted until 1994 when the status of political refugees was no longer granted by the French Foreign Affairs. Once into exile the Chileans had to learn how to survive first before getting integrated. In the mean time they carried out an important work of denunciation. By the end of the 70's there were signs of homecoming for a minority. But in 1982, the publication of lists by the Santiago Authorities gave many Chileans the hope of a return back. Nevertheless, in spite of a number of reforms, the return of democracy in December 1989 did not bring a solution to the probleme of exile
Hamdan, Akhlasse. "Médias et environnement : le processus et les protagonistes du « Grenelle de l’environnement »." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100145.
Full textThis typescript contributes to research in political communication concerning environmental issues in France. We focus in our study on the case of the "Grenelle de l'environnement" announced by Nicolas Sarkozy in 2007. It seems interesting to identify two main areas in this research. The first is the strategy of the government policy, investigating the method of the Grenelle and the reasons that led to its organization and the second axis is the media and our question concerns the relationship between both media and political fields. The later leads us to deeply study the reasons why the journalists were interested in the GDE, and analyze media coverage of the Grenelle. To test our hypotheses the research was based on a number of empirical investigations
Viallet-Thévenin, Scott. "Structurer un secteur industriel : le rôle de l’Etat dans la recomposition du secteur de l’énergie en France, de 1986 à 2016." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0068.
Full textThe dissertation deals with the conception of control (Fligstein, 1996) dynamics of state-oxned firms in the energy industry (EDF, GDF, Areva, and in a copmparative capacity, Total, Elf and Technip) from 1986 to 2016. It shows how the change is initiated by the liberalization of energy markets and fuelled by a change in the way executive committees and high civil servants perceive the firms and their organizational form (part I). The dynamics of the energy industry depend on those caracterizing the bureaucratic field and the European Commission. Firms concentrate and compete with one another, with the supervision of the bureaucratic field and the European commission (part II). The – partial and differenciated - estrangement of the energy industry from the bureaucratic field goes together with a rapprochement in a financial environment and the European field of energy via a internationlization of the firms (part III). The dissertation relies on archives from the public administration for energy, 75 interviews with hitg ranking executives from the firms and civils servants ; and a quantitative analysis of their career patterns
Pichonnier, Christopher. "La France et la Hongrie (1989-2004)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30018/document.
Full textThroughout history, relations between France and Hungary have been complex and ambiguous, often characterized by a certain distance and sometimes marked by a genuine resentment. During the early modern period, the Turkish occupation and the long association of Hungary to the Habsburg Empire certainly contributed to building barriers between the two states and thus to slowing down the development of stronger ties. In a similar manner, during the 20th century, even though many factors – geographical, cultural, as well as societal – should have led France to develop a similar relationship of confidence and friendship with Hungary as those it had with other central European capitals, the two World Wars – and the revisionist and communist periods that followed in Hungary – as well as the deep “injury” inflicted on the Hungarians by the Treaty of Trianon have constantly pushed both states into opposing camps. In a country where the intelligentsia was historically quick to “look towards Paris”, these factors and events contributed to creating the myth of an “impossible love” between the two countries. Considered for a very long time as a German zone of influence, Hungary never really represented a favored partner for France in the eastern part of the continent, and the relations between the countries remained largely irregular and asymmetrical. Under these conditions, the major upheavals of the years 1989-1990, while offering an opportunity to redesign a new Europe, also allowed a chance for a new start in French-Hungarian relations. This thesis provides the first analysis of the overall strengthening of French-Hungarian relations in this new historical context. Starting with the observation that French-Hungarian relations undergo a change of dimension from 1989 – a transformation that will be discussed and analyzed – our work tries to understand on the one hand whether this mutation represents a modification of the real nature of French foreign policy towards Hungary, given that the country was mostly treated until then as part of the global periphery; and, on the other hand, whether this period marks the end of an absent France in Hungary. At the twilight of the Cold War and the dawn of the EU's enlargement, does the period from 1989 to 2004 mark the end of an ambiguous and asymmetrical relationship between France and Hungary and the start of a new era for French-Hungarian relations? The thesis is divided into four main parts : the first part provides a general overview of the topic and tests the idea of a “new beginning” of French-Hungarian relations. The second part delivers an analysis of the evolution of cultural relations between the two countries from 1989 to 2004. The third part is dedicated to the strengthening of economic ties between the two states. Finally, the last part studies the evolution of the relations between the two countries throughout the process of the EU and NATO's enlargement
Müller-Funk, Lea. "Transnational politics beyond the Arab uprisings : Egyptian activism in Vienna and Paris." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0005.
Full textThis interdisciplinary PhD project examines what Østergaard-Nielsen (2003) calls ‘homeland politics’, namely the political activities of migrants and refugees who aim to influence the domestic or foreign policy of their country of origin. It focuses on two case studies, Vienna and Paris, and examines the people and groups who tried to influence politics during and after the uprisings in Egypt (2011-2013). It focuses particularly on the identification of transnational activists, their networks and their motives of their political participation. It further analyzes the role of social media as a tool for transnational politics. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first adopts a macro-level approach and traces the context in which transnational practices of Egyptian migrants and their children take place, by focusing on emigration, immigration and immigrant policies. The second is an empirical analysis on the micro-level and describes different types of transnational activists, their argumentations, networks, and strategies. This includes a comprehensive analysis of their use of Facebook. The third part is a theoretical contribution to political transnationalism by discussing the limits of Egyptian transnational civil society today and by developing an analytical framework for factors which influence homeland politics
Lecat-Ciarafoni, Ludivine. "Art, réseaux et pouvoirs dans la culture : Réseaux artistiques et réseaux politiques sur la Côte d'Azur." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE2024/document.
Full textBased on the study of social networks, we have observed how the interrelationships between the world of contemporary art and the politics in the establishment of cultural policies are numerous. Reform driven by the State from the 1980s has led to the creation of an institutional network become the cornerstone for the advancement of the careers of artists and undertaking the pre-existing merchant network. This upheaval brought the artists in the French Riviera to develop a strategy of seduction regarding to cultural leaders and local politicians, through to school education, openings, artists groups and associations.Only an ethnological investigation, based on conversation and ethnographic observations done during openings, press conference, more or less with formal meetings gave us a better comprehension about interaction between artists and politicians in one place: the French Riviera
Borzillo, Laurent. "Les forces expéditionnaires bi/multinationales en Europe : analyse comparée des politiques d’alliance de la France et de l’Allemagne (1991-2016)." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTD001.
Full textWhy do states create bi/multinational expeditionary forces? Why have not they been used yet? The objective of this PhD dissertation is to explain this paradox, which is well exemplified by the Franco-German brigade and the European Union Battle Groups (EUBG). Although these two units are not the only ones in Europe that can be qualified as expeditionary forces, we chose these two case studies to analyze, among others, the decision-making processes in both France and Germany.We have therefore focused on these two units and on the alliance policies that are at the origin of these units. In practice, our research builds on the work on alliances and the field of comparative foreign policy analysis. The theoretical framework developed to explain the foreign policy decisions is based on the theory of roles by Kal Holsti. Our findings indicate that these decisions are made only by a limited group of actors and result from the roles those actors assume for their country. Institutional arrangements, as well as conflicts and power struggles, moderate these roles. In addition, there is strong evidence for path dependency in cases where decisions have an institutional scope.The decisions in favor of the Franco-German brigade and the EUBG ultimately resulted from the role of a promoter of reinforced European military capabilities and the role of a faithful ally, which dominated among the actors behind these decisions. Other roles present among the French and German decision-makers tend, on the contrary, to slow down the use of these units. This is particularly true for the role of a great power (France) and the role of a civilian power (Germany). Several roles coexist indeed within each state and each sees its amount of influence fluctuate. This variation in roles’ influence depends on the actors involved, as well as on power struggles and relations.Our dissertation is divided into seven chapters. In the first three we will return to the literature on expeditionary forces and alliances, to our methodology, and to the international relations in Europe over the past thirty years. The following chapters deal with the development of the Franco-German brigade as an expeditionary force, the creation of battle groups, the choice of partners within them, and finally the non-employment of these military troops. These are the four empirical chapters of our research.In conclusion, we estimate that the probability of deployment of the studied units in the coming years remains rather low. Relying on role theory, our theoretical explanation serves as a tool for understanding the functioning of the French and German political-military decision-making structures. While validated for this analysis, this theoretical framework now has to be tested on other case studies
Jedlicki, Fanny. "De l'exil au retour : Héritages familiaux et recompositions identitaires d'enfants de retornados chiliens." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070041.
Full textThe constructions of their own identities by the children of the Chilean retornados are determined by their family history. Based on politics, violence and the trauma consecutive to repression, the memory transmitted within the exiled families and the community group is linked with the experiences of exile lived in diverse socio-cultural environments. Interactions with the members of the welcoming societies also play a role in the children's progressive socialization and identifications. These children are in close relation with their parents' psyches, as a result of the latter being victims of political repression, and thus tend to identify with them and their projects. The myth of a return to the native country, a corollary of exile, participates in this relation: yet, only 30% of the Chilean refugees returned to Chile, during the military dictatorship as well as afterwards. Those who had often incarnated the image of the ideal political refugee while in exile now find themselves stigmatized and rejected by a society which has changed (during their absence). They are again confronted with a new form of migration, which their children, most of them not born in Chili, find even more complex. Their sufferings are not acknowledged in Chile's national history, rather amnesic about the recent past. However, as time passes, they gradually fit in with their new environment, adapting well or not so well depending on their socio-economic background and the contexts of their return. The retornados' children restructure their feelings of belonging, their geographic choices, their values and their political practices between their family legacy and their growing autonomy. The ways they narrate their identities are revealing of these memory recompositions, structured by a heavy legacy and marked by the global transformation of the contemporary world
Zibanejad-Belin, Mitra. "Réussir sa première année à l'université : les enjeux de la transition entre secondaire et supérieur." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0204.
Full textThere are many reasons for the high dropout rate in the first academic year. The phenomenon of freshman "evaporating" is studied in many countries as a crucial moment in the transition from secondary to higher education. It is not always easy for a high school student to become master of his destiny in a very short time after secondary and just before starting his studies at university. Student must quickly assume new “adult responsibilities "and lives without parental or teacher supervision. Study at university requires the learner to put into action a certain number of skills most of which are not mastered at the end of high school. These are not only cognitive-informational skills. Our point of interest is turned towards the macrosociological and microsociological elements in the relationship that these students established with the act of learning. We were looking for knowing: Why do students decide to drop up or to persevere and continue their studies despite the difficulties? What is the role of the study environment in this transition? How the conception of learning and the image of university could have an impact on this transition?To answer we used a qualitative approach based on comprehensive interviews. We interviewed the freshmen in six field of study at four universities in the Paris region. We were looking for students who had problems. They told us about their difficulties in this year of higher education and the reasons for their dissatisfaction.Through their point of view, their conceptions of learning, their perspective and their image of higher education, we have been able to highlight some of the causes that can explain dropping out or staying in the first academic year. Four types of difficulties are distinguished: cognitive, metacognitive, integration and motivational. A more advanced analysis of our data revealed that these difficulties do not have the same impact on the student's transition.Some elements have also appeared through the analyses, such as the importance of the microsocialisation within small groups of students, especially between the friends. We have found that micro-integrations can make up the absence of macro-integrations and sometimes they’re even more important. Our analyses have shown that some factors of social integration can modify the influence of the predictive factors of drop out.We also apprehended certain factors capable of reinforcing or impoverish the student's sense of learning and his/her perseverance