Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Politique linguistique – Turquie – 20e siècle'
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Petit, Chloé. "Langue et modernité : la question turque." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LYO30020.
Full textOur thesis proposes a rereading of the history of linguistic policies in Turkey in the first half of the 20th century based on the philosophy of Jacques Derrida. The linguistic reforms of 1928 and 1930 initiated by the government were presented by Mustafa Kemal as the necessary stages for the modernization of Turkey and the foundation on which to build the Turkish nation. Our initial intuition is that there is in these reforms and more particularly in the change of alphabet much more than a simple transliteration, much more than a simple reflection on the arbitrariness of the sign. Beyond the version of the official historiography and with the support of contemporary critical historiography, we propose to move forward towards the question of the relationship of sovereignty and the sovereign to language, starting from writing as differance in the sense of Derrida. This allowed us to move forward on these questions by pushing further a reflection on the relationship of the State to writing, on the choice of the phonetization of the alphabet presented as necessary, on the highlighting of the figure of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk presented as inseparable from these reforms. Finally, what we have recognized from the Derridian corpus is a founding act. We posit that the act of reading and writing in the nationalized language is at the foundation of the feeling of national belonging and that these together make up the very act – understood as politicization – by which the Turks inscribed themselves in modern history. However, the imposition by the State of a language to constitute a nation raises the question of the violence of politics and the violence of language itself. Going through Derrida's philosophy allows us to think about the fact that this appropriation of language by power never succeeds in its entirety. The homogeneity of nation and language remains a phantasm. Derrida invites us to think about the fact that we must keep the possibility of the other, an openness to the coming – possible, imaginary, expected, feared – of the other
Orhan, Mehmet. "La violence politique dans l'espace kurde de Turquie : fragmentations, mobilisations, participations et répertoires." Paris, EHESS, 2012. https://eu02.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/uresolver/33PUDB_IEP/openurl?u.ignore_date_coverage=true&portfolio_pid=5364169090004675&Force_direct=true.
Full textThis thesis is about political violence in the Kurdish space of Turkey. The use of political violence cannot be understood without making reference to different levels of explanation. Violence is both the cause and consequence of interrelations that take place among many actors who operate in three levels: between the state and Kurdish movements, among Kurdish groups, and between Kurdish parties and Kurdish society. There are at least four processes combined for signalling configurations of violence: fragmentation-segmentation, mobilization, participation, and repertoires. Fragmentation-segmentation signifies internal violence that takes place between two or amongst many Kurdish actors. Mobilization relates to the course leading to violence by the Kurdish movement. Participation explains the use of arms by individuals. Repertoires represent forms of political violence. All these factors are produced in a relationship of interdependence and result in political violence
El-Rayyah, Hassan. "La Politique linguistique en Tanzanie." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376092212.
Full textKaval, Musa. "Etude comparative des mouvements islamistes en Turquie, en Iran et en Egypte." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100012.
Full textIslamic movements in Turkey, Iran and Egypt are studied on the one hand in terms of the historical and political dimension of the modern of these countries and on the other hand through a historical and theological (Islamic) perspective. They are tms addressed as politico-religions forces opposed to the established order, based on a lay or secular conception of the state. The questions treated are principally the following : the decline of the old order, the process of modernization, but of contemporary political and ideological trends (in turkey, Iran and Egypt), the holding back of religion as support for modern states and the emergence of the idea of the creation of the Islamic state, factors in the appearance and reinforcement of Islamic movements, the problem of identity and reference; the conception of man and liberty; legitimate sovereignty and regime in accordance with these movements and their forms of action and organization. The approach taken is this study is to establish the similarities which unify these movements and the differences which separate them
Altan, Cemren. "La narration visuelle d'une nation : nationalisme et peinture en Turquie à l'époque républicaine." Paris, INALCO, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INAL0014.
Full textThe question in the origin of our research is the relationship between the re-definition of the Turkish Republic established in 1923 and the development of contemporary art in general an in particular in painting. This seems to be an efficient field of research ; studying the basis of cultural politics of the Turkish government concerning plastic arts on one hand and questioning it's relation to the evolution of the 'Turkish identity 'in the paintings of some Turkish artists on the other hand. Our primary aim is to re-define the actual situation of contemporary art in Turkey by the study of it's historical background. We have studied the question by elaborating the national signs in the Turkish paintings from 1923 to 1997, that is from the Republican period to the contemporary period. The period 1923-1927 in Turkey has been studied by several scholars from socio-economic and political points of view. We have pointed out to those studies in reformulation of the question of nationalism from the aesthetics point of view. Did the aesthetic transformations come up at the time of Turkish Republic ? If it is the case, at what order were-they ? What role did the artists who were open to European art from XIX century and more particularly from 1923 onwards play ? For what reasons and means were-they supported by the State ? What was the place of painting in the reconstruction of Turkish history seen by the new vision of the Republican nation ? What were the internal contradictions of such a situation, and two what extend did the artistic movements of the contemporary artists of the last twenty years assume or reject this heritage of nationalist discourse expressed by the painting ? Those are the questions that structured the research we refer under the general title of visual narration of a nation
Soguk, Eskiizmirliler Fatma Handan. "Les débats sur l'Europe en Turquie : la construction d'une nouvelle culture politique ?" Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010719.
Full textSahinler, Menter. "Origine, influence et actualité du kémalisme." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010512.
Full textBeing an empirical movement and not a dogmatical system, kemalism inscribes itself in the Turkish cultural heritage and at the issue of the Ottomanian reforms of the 19th century. In the decades of 1920 et 1930, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk and his supporters have insured the independence of the Turkish nation and have established a republican dictatorship determined to impose the kamalist reforms. The aim of the government was the westernization of Turkey, in other words its secularization, its modernization and the creation of the necessary conditions for democracy. Nevertheless, the establishment of democracy in 1950 has coincided with a degradation of the acquirements of kemalism, and above all of the secularization, whence the intervention of the army, guarantor of the kemalist inheritance, in 1960. Kemalism in Turkey is exposed to the opposition of the radical Islamists who threaten democracy and secularization
Pérouse, Jean-François. "D'Angora à Ankara (1919-1950) : la naissance d'une capitale." Reims, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REIML004.
Full textAngora was just an average town (of only 20. 000 inhabitants) when it became the rear base of the turkish resistance to foreign occupation, at the end of 1919. On october, 13, 1923, for strategic, political and symbolical reasons, the city was promoted to the rank of capital of a new state (officially instituted on october, 29 of the same yaer) : the turkish republic. From that time on, becoming the showcase and the seat of a new power, angora experienced an unparalleled development which was more or less well supervised and organized. In this respect, one can distinguish between three different periods. From 1923 to 1928, no real coherent urban policies were followed : the municipality and the various ministries tried to face the housing crisis which was developing. From 1928 to 1938, after the organization of an "international competition for the construction of ankara", a global, ambitious and definitely modernist urban plan was worked out. Although the realization of this plan was attributed to a new "building departement" especially created on this occasion, it soon proved impossible to implement, for a lack of means and determination. After 1938, the authorities seemed to lose control on the urbanization process in favor of an expensive monumental policy. Consequently, in 1950, nearly half of the 260. 000 inhabitants of the new capital found accommodation in illegal buildings, in
Becan, Ayse Elif. "Une familière étrangeté : l'accueil des immigrants musulmans des Balkans en Turquie (1923 – 1964)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021EHES0042.
Full textThe topic of this doctoral thesis is the immigration policies towards Muslim migrants from the Balkans in Republican Turkey from 1923 to 1964. Although these Muslims were legally foreigners, official authorities hardly ever used this term about them. In this thesis, I thus intend to study the relation between hospitality and identification in order to understand how the notion of foreigner was used in immigration policies. The notion of foreignness was arranged, negotiated and interpreted by lawmakers, executive, diplomatic and administrative authorities and by migrants themselves. This thesis traces the genealogy, development and transformation of immigration policies, by taking into consideration the different layers of foreignness and familiarity used by the State when identifying migrants. I have adopted a multidisciplinary approach along this work: although a historical research, the thesis has a strong political science dimension and borrows from legal and administrative studies. The analysis first focuses on the normative framework concerning the legal status that Balkan Muslims who immigrated to Turkey benefited from. The vocabulary and the rules put in place during this period were marked by a continuity with late Ottoman immigration policies that I traced. The thesis also studies how these policies were set up according to the national and international contexts. In the second part of my work, I retrace the process of naturalization by considering the technical evolutions of administrative work and by replacing the processes in their political context. I will particularly observe cases of collective naturalization of people who obtained the immigrant status through the explicit categories that emerge in the filled-in forms. The third part of this thesis looks at the aid and relief programs through the lens of the State budget, in order to show how immigration policies were adapted to political and demographic policies and to the evolution of the question of law and immigration rights. Following this, I study the social transformations that result in the formation of migrant associations formed according to the region of origin, as well as their projects to promote the recognition of professional experience of immigrants. This research ends with a study of immigrant rights by concentrating on the experience of an individual who migrated from Skopje to Istanbul in the middle of the 20th century and on the procedures he undertook to obtain the recognition of his diplomas in order to find employment, in this case in the public service
Saglam, Musa. "L'expérience de la justice constitutionnelle en Turquie." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020005.
Full textCavaillès, Sylvain. "Les Kurdes et les régions kurdes de Turquie dans la littérature kurde turcophone de la Turquie contemporaine." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAC022.
Full textTwenty years after the first writings of Murathan Mungan, thanks to whom the city of Mardin, located in the South-East of Turkey, entered literature, a new generation of writers from the Kurdish regions of Turkey seem to have taken up this project of bringing the South-East into Turkish litterature. Deeply determined by the problems of the Turkish Kurds, their writings, which developed in parallel with a relative and ephemeral pacification of their region, present representations of an identity and a space hitherto globally ignored by writers. As a bearer of dialogue and advocate of peace and recognition, it has brought to the fore authors who are today among the most talented in the literary landscape of Turkey and has helped to decentralize a literature for which Istanbul seemed to be the only one possible literary place
Combres, Alain. "La question linguistique et les partis politiques québécois : 1960-1990." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010306.
Full textHersant, Jeanne. "Mobilisations politiques, co-gouvernementalité et construction ethnique : sociologie du nationalisme turc à travers le cas des Turcs de Thrace occidentale (Grèce, Allemagne, Turquie)." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0057.
Full textThis work deals with the turkish identity mobilisation within the muslim minority in western thrace, refering to modern turkey, and its manifestations in migration. Emigration was this work's starting point and also a door on the region, through which gradually appeared some political processes that are relevant in order to understand the group's social organisation. Then standing out issues reach beyond the "identity problems" of a minority and match up with conventional questions in political science and sociology. The first analysis level focuses on the state and its interactions with a social group, from the viewpoint of a sociology of nationalism. The second level deals with gouvernementalite such as defined by Michel Foucault and applied to the scope of inter-state relations. As for the third level, it shows the shifting of an inter-state gap at a supranational level, thanks to the political use of international norms as symbolic resources of legitimization
Raso, Geneviève-Lea. "La quête identitaire de l'Etat turc : Etats, Nations, nationalismes de 1839 à nos jours." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR0005/document.
Full textIn Turkey, the Identity question is the crux of the issue. After the period of Mustafa Kemal who gave a definition of the State, secular and Turkish this one didn’t resist to the death of the founder of the Nation State. The year which followed, saw the emergence of the multiparty system to the power and the birth, of an another definition of the Turkish Identity, creating a consensus within the Turkish Nation: The Turco-Islamic Synthesis. The clashes and the tensions showed the limits of the State definition of the Turkish Identity during the “Lead Years” (1960-1970), a period dominated by two nationalist strengths, the Deep-State and the ultranationalism of the Grey- Wolves, the extreme-right movement. The Susurluk Affair allowed to see the birth of a new tendency, the nationalism of Ulusalcilik of secular inspiration, but also a neo-ottomanism, with the coming of the AKP and the emergence of a new wider identity: Tiirkyeli, that means “to be from Turkey”. But the conflicts in the Middle East and the sliding of the AKP towards Islamism, blurs once more the national Identity
Tombuloglu, Fatih. "Dynamiques de l'ascension et de l'affaiblissement de l'officier turc moderne : de la fondation de la République de Turquie au processus de l'adhésion à l'Union européenne." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0010.
Full textThis thesis deals with the evolution of modern Turkish officer and his position towards the European Union. This military elite's considered as the “son of the people”, influenced by the French positivism and the Prussian militarism, reverse the Ottoman dynasty and proclaims a secular Republic after having won the Liberation War. Later, just after end of the Cold war, he (Turkish officer)) is in a permanent conflict with the European democracy. The third and the last chapter of the thesis concentrate on this tension. Research mostly has been done utilizing master thesis drafted within War academies by young officers in training. These master theses defended between 2000 and 2004, shows that the rejection of the participation of Turkey in the command of the European Army envisaged from Maastricht constitutes the main reason of the estrangement of the Turkish officer from European Union
Puren, Laurent. "L'école française face à l'enfant alloglotte : contribution à une étude des politiques linguistiques éducatives mises en oeuvre à l'égard des minorités linguistiques scolarisées dans le système éducatif français du XIXe siècle à nos jours." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030077.
Full textThis research in language didactics deals with the evolution of educational language policies which have been implemented since the 19th century in French public primary schools towards regional and immigrant language speaking pupils belonging to linguistic minorities. We mean to examine closely, from a comparative viewpoint, how three different school populations have been frenchified : the Bretons in the 19th century, the inhabitants of german speaking Alsace and Lorraine regions in the 19th century and during the interwar years, as well as the immigrant communities from the early 20th century until nowadays. Our research is at the junction of several fields in social sciences, including history, education sciences, language didactics, sociolinguistics, interethnic relations sociology, and politics. Through this academic work we wish to bring a contribution to : - a history of regional and immigrant language teaching in French primary schools ; - a history of French as a second language teaching in metropolitan France ; - a reflection on the importance that should be given to cultural differences in public space ; - a reflection on the incidence of political and ideological factors on educational language policies implemented towards minorities
François, Hélène. "Etre grec dans la Smyrne des années 1920." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAC019.
Full textThe years 1919-1922 represent a crucial period marked by the Greco-Turkish war, the climax of nationalist tensions between the two states in conflict and the vicissitudes of the Greek domestic politics. From this point of view they constitute a real turning point for Hellenism in Asia Minor. How did the Greek population of Smyrna live those years of war placed under the mandate of the Hellenic state ? Did the Greek landing and the establishment of the Greek Administration in Smyrna and its region fulfil the hopes of a community that had been longing for “liberation” and its reunion with the Mother Land ? The study of the Greek local press will allow us to examine how the community’s search for national identity is represented in the media. The study will demonstrate that modes of collective expression and various calls for social mobilization constituted the basis that allowed Hellenism of Smyrna to discuss, define and claim a firm and proper national foothold
Tio, Bellido Ramon. "Formes et discours critiques d'expériences artistiques dans un contexte totalitaire : le cas de l'Espagne de 1945 à 1975." Rennes 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN20016.
Full textFrom 1939 until 1975, Spain was ruled Francisco Franco, who was named head of state at the end of the civil war (1936-1939). This thesis aims to analyse the relationship between Franco's dictatorship and art and culture and in particular visual arts. It examines the question of wether or not a " Francist Aesthetic " existed during this period in the same way that fascism influenced the art of Hitler's Germany or Mussolini's Italy. If then explores in greater detail the " institutional "' issues raised by the " cultural policy " put in place in 1944 and the way in which that policy developed. In this respect the importance given to exhibitions, and especially to the sorts of " national exhibitions " supported by the Francist authorities, forms a key elements of the research. This thesis mentions Spain's " official " presence of the biennals in Venice as well as at the " Hispano-American " biennals along with the events organised in Europe in the 1950s and the early 1960s as these events accompanied the re-birth inside Spain of the international artistic movement known as informal abstraction. The break with this movement that followed in the late 1960s and the early 1970s corresponded to the beginning of the end of the Franco regime. The emergence at this time of artistic thinking that was ideologically anti-governmental is also discussed. Finally the thesis uses a critical and descriptive analysis of two key exhibitions -one in Venice in 1976, the other in Paris in 1987- to discuss the diplomatic bias of events that on the face of it had the same objective- to provide a historical and national perspective on modern and contemporary Spanish art
Gouliyeva, Vafa. "Développement linguistique et transformations sociales et politiques : le cas de l’azerbaïdjanais moderne." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG008/document.
Full textThe evolution of the political situation in a country, the change of political system, economic changes, new benchmarks in national political and social, etc.., All this had its effect on the social function of the language and its components. Historical events of the twentieth century have had a major influence on the history of the Azerbaijani language. It is during this period that the Azerbaijani language has encountered a problem without precedent. We can accept the fact that, the language system has not changed in a century because social change cannot completely change the structure of a language. However, it can involve changes in certain levels of language such as the alphabet, vocabulary, dynamics of social functioning of the Azerbaijani language in different periods of the twentieth century.The process of formation of national identity began with the entry of Azerbaijan in the modern phase of development that is related to the intensity of the action on modernization. A linguistic and cultural issue was the major point in this process. It was marked by the search for national identity. At the stage of fighting for open political ideals preceded mastery of cultural and linguistic problem, because they were more affordable by the population as political concepts difficult
Güngörmez, Hasan. "Perspectives historiques et économiques de la Turquie face à la région du Kurdistan irakien." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG011.
Full textSince 2003, the new political situation in Iraqi Kurdistan has led to unprecedented developments at the regional level. The growing autonomy of Iraqi Kurdistan has given birth to new dynamics and geopolitical issues in a currently unstable Middle East. The countries of the region, particularly Turkey, attach great importance to bilateral relations with this embryonic state. Following the military intervention led by the coalition of USA and Great Britain in Iraq, the Turkish state has had to redefine its foreign policy in the Middle East. In order to contribute to the development of critical analysis, we develop our thesis in two main areas. Firstly, in order to better situate the developments currently taking place in the region, we analyze the bilateral relations between Turkey and Iraqi Kurdistan with a historical approach. Secondly, we deal with in detail the question of economic exchanges between the two parties. In order to evaluate effectively the economic potential of Turkish companies at the regional level, we will analyze their investments in the Kurdish market. In our study, the analysis of the historical dimension and the economic approach will allow us to better understand the changes and challenges in the region
Varela, Lía. "La politique linguistique extérieure de la France et ses effets en Argentine : contribution à une théorie de la politique linguistique." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0066.
Full textUsing the prototypical case of France, this work is intended to contribute to the theoretical knowledge of a particular kind of language policy, the overseas language policy. After studying the conditions for language spread practices to emerge, we propose a definition of this concept, as well as an analysis framework. The thesis proceeds to identify and do a critical reading of the policies implemented by France overseas under the Fifth Republic and to observe their implantation and effects in Argentina. Our methodology puts in evidence the importance of taking into account the historical context and the global political situation within wich each language policy is inserted. We show that this is necessary in all studies that strive to reach and explanatory level
Apchain, Hélène. "Le statut des musulmans de Thrace et des Grecs de Constantinople, d'Imbros et de Tenedos." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA111002.
Full textHernot, Vincent. "Mary Robinson, 1990-1997 : la portée sociale et politique de la parole présidentielle." Caen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CAEN1309.
Full textDuc, Edouard. "La langue française dans les relations entre le Québec et la France (1902-1977) : de la "survivance" à l’unilinguisme français au Québec." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040067.
Full textThe relations between Quebec and France are naturally and strongly interwoven by the question of language. Omnipresent in Quebec, issues about language are to be found in many themes, in religion, politics, education, publishing, the press, cinema, theatre, songs, radio and television ; they are essential to the nation’s cultural identity. Our subject deals with the French-speaking populations in France and Canada. 80 % of French Canadians are found in the province of Quebec. The linguistic problems are prominent and generally trigger a mutual sensitivity between Quebec and France. Our search begins at the end of nineteenth century and finishes in 1977, and is concerned with speech, thinking and opinions on French language, along with its evolution, transmission and representation at the heart of the relations between Quebec and France and French-speaking communities. The particular and unique history between these regions makes them the driving force behind the promotion and the spreading of French in the French-speaking communities and in the world
Chansou, Michel. "Recherches en sociolexicologie : vocabulaires techniques et aménagement lexical en français contemporain." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030078.
Full textThe aim of this research is to study the different social, economic, political - and linguistic - aspects of lexical development in contemporary french. It more particulary concerns technical vocabularies, wich today account for the greater part of the enrichment of french vocabulary. The research was carried out from two angles, corresponding to the two parts of the work. In the first part a history of lexical planning in french from 1950 to 1994 is presented (private initiatives, language policy actions, the reactions of public opinion). In the second part five case studies are examined, each being a very limited field of observation designed to bring out in concrete terms the interplay of the forces brought to bear on lexical development
Uyarci, Yafes. "Les dynamiques des PME en Turquie : structuration et développement régional étudiés à partir de la confédération TUSKON." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG014/document.
Full textThis research focuses on the study of the structure and development of SMEs in TURKEY, through the influence of a socio-religious mouvement called Hizmet. The aim is to highlight a definition of the dynamics of SMEs accross member of TUSKON (Turkish confederation of businessmen and industrialists), in relation to their motivations for economic success in the context of a spiritual depth research by their commitments in Hizmet movement's socio-educational projects.TUSKON offers a specific vision of islam /modernity report compared to that of MÜSIAD, anassociation of islamic businessmen. Our study is based on interviews and a sociological survey conducted among members of the BUGIAD association (member of TUSKON) in BURSA, allowing us to trace the evolution of socio-historical of TUSKON and sees how the dynamics of SMEs is influenced by the piety and the commitment of his boss in a socio-religious movement
Papadopoulos, Themistoklis. "Éléments pour une histoire des politiques linguistiques éducatives de la Grèce moderne. Du multilinguisme au multilinguisme ?" Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030057.
Full textThe notion of multilingualism is a concept that has been taken into serious consideration by the European Union and the Council of Europe in order to create a society that is open to individualization and multi – culturalism. The present study examines the history of the linguistic policy of the Greek state from 1830 until the present time as regard the Greek language, the foreign languages, the minority languages and the languages of the immigrants. The aim of this study is to explore the notion of multilingualism in the educational, social and political field and to ascertain whether the contemporary Greek state is ready to accept it
Kaya, Uğur. "Représentations stratégiques hétérogènes de la Turquie dans l'Alliance Atlantique à travers son voisinage avec le Moyen-Orient : analyse d'un État glacis, "rentier stratégique", exploitant les conflits militaires régionaux et globaux comme facteur autonome de développement économique et de stabilité interne." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0031.
Full textThis thesis analys of the interactions between the logic of security and the economic logic that bring to bear on state apparatus and socio-economic agents in Turkey, with regard to Middle Eastern relations and concentrating in particular on Turkey's heterogeneity within the NATO. It consists, fundamentally, of a study of the dialectical relationship between the economic, political and military fields in Turkey on the national, regional and global scales. The thesis's period of analysis stretches from the foundation of the Turkish Republic up to the end of the twentieth century. Within this framework, the thesis attempts to decrypt the role of conflictuality in strategic identity. Interactions between economic and military strategy on the global level do not, in the case of Turkey, stem from colonial considerations. They stem, rather, from a conception of security that aims to avoid participation in territorially-constituted wars in order to achieve economic development. Through this particular relationship between regional and global conflictualities, the Turkish state's long-term policy can be said to consist of instrumentalising antagonisms of third-party protagonists, without any one of those third parties assuming the role of an 'enemy' per se or a 'source of immediate threat'. This exploitation of conflicts leads not only to security considerations, it becomes a multi-view strategy: for economic and social development, to guarantee internal stability, serving also to reinforce official ideology. These phenomena are analysed by means of the concepts of the "conflictualist paradigm" and the "strategic rentier state. "
Hupel, Erwan. "Gwalarn : Histoire d’un mouvement littéraire en Bretagne." Rennes 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN20026.
Full textThis thesis examines the history of the literary movement emerged in Brittany around the revue GWALARN, published from 1925 to 1944. According to the general opinion, the influence of WALARN on the Breton language and Breton literature today is considerable, but very differently appreciated. This thesis emphasizes the collective aspect of the work. It doesn’t deny the overwhelming influence of the editor of the magazine, Roparz Hemon, but intends to propose a detailed structural analysis of the movement as it’s been (and sometimes hasn’t been) in touch with the people of the times. This analysis attempts to describe the origins of the movement, its birth, its assumptions, but also its literary work and its favourite themes, and its sociolinguistic achievements and strategic choices. Therefore, we notice some ideological issues : the gap between localism and universalism, and between tradition and modernism, the different vues about literature, about Breton as a language and about nationalism. . . We’ve tried to study GWALARN not only in the light of the Breton sociolinguistic situation at the time but also in the light of the french one, in a general European movement of nationalist and linguistic demands and in a global geopolitical situation that built the fate of the breton movement from World War I to World War II. Thus, the multiplication of perspectives offers a new look over a key moment in Breton literature and provides contemporary and reflective materials for the history of linguistic minorities in Europe
Selek, Pinar. "Les possibilités et les effets de convergences des mouvements contestataires, sous la répression : les mobilisations au nom de groupes sociaux opprimés sur la base du genre, de l'orientation sexuelle ou de l'appartenance ethnique, en Turquie." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAA002/document.
Full textThis study of Turkish activism, focussing on four protest mouvements based on gender, sexual orientation or ethnicity, shows that a repressive context can actually open up possibilities for the emergence of new protest mouvements as well as for their coalescences. Despite their differences, these movements are still interdependent in their dynamics and complexity, and belong to the same cycle of contention, which was born in the eighties and matured in the nineties when it became a powerful agent in the deconstruction of the ideological, organizational, and political monopoly of the militant space. The interdependenceof these mouvements, based on several factors, promotes their convergence and their interactions, which also depend on their cleavages, relative to the internal structure of social relations and to various forms of their organizational hierarchies. These conflicts are slowing down renewal and the innovation process within these organisations. Thanks to the sustained alliances, though, they cause internal disputes that bring transformation and reinforce the concord of communities around these mouvements. From the complexities of this process between interdependence, tensions and mutual influences, a new cycle of contention arises in 2010, in the form of a multiplicity of relations within an intermediate space where concepts, repertoires, ideas and experiences are in mouvement
Ismayilov, Mammed. "Aspects de la politique linguistique de l’Azerbaïdjan hier et aujourd’hui : enjeux national et régional." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAC038.
Full textPolicy Azerbaijani language must be studied in four different but closely related aspects : the language policy towards the official language, the language policy towards minority languages in Azerbaijan, the language policy towards the Turcophonie and the language policy against Azerbaijani minorities especially in neighboring countries such as Iran, Georgia or Russia (also the Republic of Dagestan of the Russian Federation). This set is for the language policy of Azerbaijan in both the official language intervention but also on minority languages from the state and an area of international cooperation in the case of Turcophonie. Consequently, the regional aspect of this policy is considered as an action that key issues for the development and influence of Azerbaijani as a minority language
Yakacikli, Lebriz. "Les relations de la Turquie avec les ex-républiques soviétiques eurasiennes et caucasiennes sous Turgut Özal: une tentative de soft power." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210525.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Busekist, Astrid von. "Politiques de la langue et constructions nationales : l'exemple belge." Paris 9, 1996. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1996PA090028.
Full textThis dissertation is an analysis of the link between language policies and nationalism in belgium from 1780 to 1970. It takes the following facts into account : the political and linguistic administration of the belgian territories before the birth of the state (1830); the mobilization of increasing parts of the population by flemmish and walloon political entrepreneurs since the 19th century, attempting to put their linguistic demands on the governments agenda; all the language laws since 1795. The national constructions via the most important element of federation, the language, are successful. The language signifies nation-ness and it is used to level down social inequalities to the benefit of common identification
Aktuna, Zeynep. "Les idéaux urbains ottomans sous l’influence occidentale : Le développement du « Secteur Nord » de Pera entre 1856 et 1922." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3029.
Full textThis study concentrates on a distinctive period of the late ottoman era during which the urban administration was subject to a transformation process from a "traditional" approach into a "modern" one. Similarly, this thesis focuses on a distinctive zone of Istanbul representing the urban extension of Pera, the occidental part of the city. The development of "the Northern Sector of Pera" is expected to owe much to the evolution of the urban administration which was gradually being shaped around the codified regulations of the Tanzimat era. How then the study of the urban extension of Pera, largely uninhabited by the middle of the 19th century, would reflect the materialization of the "urban ideals" of the ottoman state who was willing to construct a modern system of urban administration and who was, doing this, under the influence of foreign and non-Muslim populations which were becoming more and more active on the socio-economic life of the city. In this framework, this study focuses on the emergence and development of "the Northern Sector of Pera" through a morphological analysis by hoping to shed light on the distinctive features of the ottoman urban modernization by this very specific field of interest
Martínez, Michel. "Emergence et consolidation d'un parti nationaliste progressiste en Espagne : le cas de Chunta Aragonesista en Aragon (de 1986 à nos jours)." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOL018/document.
Full textThe research presented in this thesis deals with the study of the contemporary Iberian nationalism which has influenced the territorial and national questions of Spain. Aragon, despite being a crossroad territory between France, Catalonia, Valencia, Castile and the Basque-Navarrese region, is often missing from this discussion. From a geopolitical point of view, Aragon appears to be like a “buffer” territory between central Spain and its borders. Moreover, due to these characteristics, Aragon has no two-party system PSOE/PP as is the case in Spain’s interior regions, but it also doesn’t have the hegemonic role of a NSWP (Non State-wide Parties), which defends a non-Spanish nationalism. What we do find in Aragon are two NSWPs with which the two big Spanish SWPs (State-wide Parties) have to form an alliance with, in order to govern in the big cities and at the Autonomous Parliament. The main focus of this thesis is on the Chunta Aragonesista (CHA), the Aragonese left-wing political Party which was created in 1986. Its political tradition, its ideology, its position in comparison to other NSWPs will be studied along with the circumstances that have made it possible for them to obtain a deputy at the Spanish Parliament in 2000 and to become the third major political force of Aragon from 2003 to 2007. Then, the possible causes of the Chunta Aragonesista’s electoral failure since 2007 will be analyzed. Finally, this paper will examine the role that Aragon (and the Chunta Aragonesista) could play by putting forward a new configuration of the Spanish state on the basis of a federal republic
Hamza, Chaar Meriam. "Politiques linguistiques en Tunisie." Paris 7, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC306.
Full textTaking into consideration previous studies on the language planning in Tunisia, this thesis attempts to describe and analyze its linguistic situation, characterized by a diglossia between classic Arabic and the Tunisian dialect, but also by a French bilingualism, confronted recently by the desire of many Tunisians to replace it with English. In order to investigate the current role of the French language in Tunisian society and to discover whether the process of arabization has weakened its influence, different questionnaires were distributed to various categories of Tunisians and interviews took place with targeted persons. Their attitude towards the French language was studied and their language use was analyzed. This thesis also explores the possibility of replacing French with English. Particular attention was paid to the comparison of both languages in the world today and on the benefits each one can bring to the Tunisian economy. Considering the importance of the opinion of Tunisian people on this matter, questionnaires and interviews were also realized
Sharifi, Dryaz Massoud. "De la résistance microscopique à l'action collective organisée : engagement et désengagement des militants dans l'espace kurde." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0048.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on the appearance, evolution, internal crises and transformations of the Kurdish movement in Turkey. This work sits at the crossroads of the sociology of action, theories of collective action and subaltern studies. The study design introduces structured, organizational and visible dimensions of Kurdish protests on one side, and less-visible, unstructured and non-centralized aspects of these actions on the other. To complete this perspective, the experience and subjectivity of individual actors in the movement are analyzed. The methods used in this thesis are primarily qualitative, including semi-directed interviews. The corpus studied consists of 77 interviews with members of Kurdish associations and political parties in Turkey, as well as with guerrillas and former militants from the PKK. Secondary sources, documents and newspapers are also analyzed. The thesis follows three main lines of thought and is divided into six chapters. Firstly, this study focuses on the emergence and evolution of the Kurdish movement in Turkey. In the second section, the analysis focuses on processes of engagement, activism and disengagement in the Kurdish space. Finally, the last section examines how the space of Kurdish collective action is expanding and diversifying. Discourse, rhetoric, perceptions of identity and strategies are challenged and sometimes transformed in this new transnational space
Salem-Gervais, Nicolas. "Ecole et construction nationale dans l'Union de Myanmar : quantité, qualité, identité." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013INAL0016.
Full textBorn as a federal state in 1948, the Union of Myanmar (Union of Burma up to 1989) experienced great difficulties in the process of building a modern Nation-state. While political authority has been very centralizedin practice, especially after the army took over in 1962 and 1988, the official discourse on the nation and itshistory has been increasingly based on the components of the Burman majority identity (beyond the classical “unity in diversity” rhetoric), contributing to legitimize ethno-nationalist alternative conceptions of the Nationand armed struggle. This work focuses on the roles played by schooling in the perspective of nation-building. After examining the relation between schooling and nation-building over the different phases of Myanmar’s history, we move on todescribe schooling under the SLORC/SPDC (1988-2011), using a simple analytical lens : Quantity, Quality, Identity. Issues regarding the accessibility of schooling across the territory, teaching methods, language policiesand the conception of the nation conveyed by the national curriculum are examined in details. The last section of this work focuses on the complements and alternatives to education in public schools, set up by the civil society and the numerous armed-group that still exist in contemporary Myanmar. We conclude on education reform perspectives in post-SPDC Myanmar, trying to understand how the stakes and challenges identified in this work should be apprehended in the post-2011 political context
Gharnaouti, Badria. "Politiques linguistiques éducatives en Algérie de 1962 à 2009 : vers un plurilinguisme ?" Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030043.
Full textIn the subject of politic linguistic and educational, the Algeria was confronted with the problems of orientation choices. With one part, the educational system was found to face different political and ideological problems and with other side, the different communities were searched to assert themselves in a favorable international trade company and hostile to certain practices that reduce threatening to languages, cultures while inducing new social behaviors. To account for its problems, two questions were asked: “How the successive governments have managed the diversity of languages in the educational system? What were their ideologies?” To answer these questions an overview of the linguistic landscape within and outside the educational system, notably under the impetus of the work of the Europe council has been developed. To identify the public opinion, a quantitative study conducted by us focuses on attitudes and the social representations that respondents in multilingualism. This will allow a glimpse of the real and concrete perspective for a multicultural multilingual education in the future
Sariçelik, Rahime. "Sabahattin Ali (1907-1948), défenseur d’une émancipation des hommes et des femmes ? : repenser les rapports de genre dans la littérature turque." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAG006.
Full textOur research deals with gender relations in the work of Sabahattin Ali, writer of the republican period (1907-1948) and pioneer of the style of social realism. This research is divided into two parts. In the first part, we talk about the life of the writer as well as the political and social situations of Kemalist Turkey. We also treat the subject of the perception of the gender relations by writers of the republican period. In the second part, we explain how Sabahattin Ali draws attention, through his perception of gender relations, to the inequalities and injustices that affect women and men of the Kemalist period, then we show how his observations contribute to make him a unique and courageous defender of their rights and a modern thinker always concerned with improving the lives of his contemporaries. Through a precise examination of works of fiction and other non-fictional texts, we see how he systematically denounced the shortcomings and failings of the new political regime but also why literature was for him the place of a struggle for truth and freedom, values to which he devoted himself until his death. Our work tries to pay tribute to a writer and an intellectual who always wanted to persuade his readers that social roles were never fixed but were the result of a culture and a society that it was up to all to forge
Mahboubian, Siamac. "From Istanbul to Ankara : Turkey's entry into international society." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4421/1/M12216.pdf.
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