Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Politique du logement – Istanbul (Turquie)'
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Hervet, Filiz. "Capter, partager et redistribuer la plus-value foncière : le cas des terrains publics et des logements de marque à Istanbul." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Est, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PESC0006.
This research is about the valuation of public land in Istanbul. It explores the relationship between the state and the residential real estate actors in Turkey. This includes focusing on the role of these actors in the organization of housing production, its prerogatives and how they drive an increase in public land value. To study the relationship between the state and the markets with regards to the mechanisms of promoting public land, the thesis includes an analysis of an original operational arrangement, the revenue sharing in exchange for land (RSEL). This set-up is the result of a close collaboration between TOKİ, the Mass Housing Administration and its subsidiary, Emlak Konut, a real estate investment trust (REIT). TOKİ recovers the state-owned public land, transforms it into building land and then sell it to Emlak Konut. The REIT retains ownership of the land but contracts a private developer, as part of a call for tenders, to be responsible for financing and building branded housing (a type of luxury housing). TOKİ and Emlak Konut work in this way together to ensure optimal valorization for the public land. They promise to redistribute part of it for the benefit of the residents. This includes by financing social housing and public facilities. This research examines existing theory of urban rent and land value capture through the case study of the analysis of the financial balance sheets of two branded housing RSEL projects located in the district of Kayabaşı and Zekeriyaköy. Research findings from the case study relates to capture processes and the sharing and redistribution of land value in Istanbul. The thesis highlights specifically the strategies of RSEL stakeholders to secure real estate investments in branded housing and maximize public revenues from land development
Erginoz, Murat. "Bidonvilles et logements sociaux à Istanbul : le rôle de Kiptas." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040027.
Urbanisation in Turkey, apparently as a result of rapid population growth, industrialisation and economic development that continues today, has created several important diversifications. Instead of urban spaces based on production, urbanism has been largely influenced by the migration of the leased developed regions, towards large towns and cities. The population has been attracted by the employment offered by industry, supported by the central government in the occidental regions of the country. But due to the differences between regions in terms of social and technical infrastructure, the stagnation of agricultural activity, and because of health, the population has shifted towards large towns. Then, a lack of industry and the development of industry concentrated on internal demand and less able to compete at international level, has resulted in a shortage of jobs for migrants. The lack of investment during the period from 1980-90 has also limited modernisation and industrial growth. During this same period, the level of investment in fixed capital assets was negative
Lévy-Aksu, Noémi. "L'ordre public dans la capitale ottomane : Istanbul, 1879-1909." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0110.
This dissertation focuses on the production of public order in the Ottoman capital between the late 1870's and the aftermath of the Young Turk Revolution. It tries to take into account both the discourses and practices related to public order in Istanbul. By analyzing state and non state discourses on order and disorders, I question the meaning of those notions in the Ottoman context and how their connotations were modified after 1908, pointing out the growing place of insecurity in public debates. Beyond representations, the modalities of maintaining order and social control in the capital are at the core of this study. During the period studied, police forces were institutionalized and spread throughout the city. The second part of the dissertation focuses on the aims of those police forces, their integration into the city and their inspirations at the lime of Abdüihamid II (1876-1909) and after the Young Turk revolution. The last part of Ibis work questions the persistence and redefinition of the role played by local actors in spatial and personal control. Case studies of specific categories (nightwatchers, strongarm men) and of a district of the city, Tophane, are used to analyze the interactions between the different actors and their relationships with the police forces
Kursunlugil, Ilknur. "Turkey under construction : urban megaprojects in the process of establishing a new country and creating a new nation." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0188.
A “new political and physical animal” – urban mega projects – have become ubiquitous throughout the world’. In Turkey, they have become part of our daily lives since 2011 when Erdoğan, the Prime Minister of time, announced his Kanal Istanbul project by saying: “Turkey deserves to see 2023 with such a big, crazy and great project. Today, we are rolling up our sleeves for one of world's greatest projects, which cannot even be compared with Panama Canal, Suez Canal or Corinth Canal”. Since then, we have been witnessing urban transformation by mega infrastructure projects (UMPs) as well as social and political transformation of the country by economic policies in order to keep alive the construction sector, with the associated emergence of a bourgeoisie during the AKP era. We selected two UMPs for our dissertation: Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge and Istanbul Grand Airport in Istanbul. Our research attempts to conceptualise infrastructure policies as “technologies of government”. When we look at the Turkish case, the literature on infrastructure analysis has generally adopted a limited focus on either infrastructure as a technical object that transforms the landscape or on its success/failure based on economic and engineering criteria. An alternative approach would consider the government’s adoption of state-led urban mega project investments as a strategic method in order to re-create and distribute the land rent, to boost the economy, to preside over both the political discourse and developmentalist narrative and finally, to reform the socio-spatial relations and collective memory. In this work, we advance a different approach to infrastructure. Rather than considering a mega infrastructure project as a technical object which would be usually evaluated by success and failure stories, we conceptualise it within the wider assemblages of capital and power, where it has the capacity to be a transformative mechanism not only on land but also on social relations. Thus, we mobilize assemblage thinking to discuss thoroughly all aspects of urban mega projects: the actors involved in and influenced by these mega projects, and the symbols and ideas that come into existence around them. The main argument of this dissertation is that large-scale infrastructure investment provides the Turkish government with strategic and tactical tools, policies, moments, and spaces through which to intervene in the economy and to govern and manage the legitimisation of a hegemonic discourse, while transforming the country and society profoundly and irreversibly by the “concrete”. Part 1 elaborates on infrastructures' capacity of being a transformative mechanism not only on land but also on social relations, through the mobilisation of various mechanisms such as law amendments, expropriation of natural resources, public contracts for urban infrastructure development, and public–private partnerships in the construction sector. Part 2 examines how the AKP has re-invented mega infrastructure projects to allegedly contribute to sustainability as well as to the development of a new conservative bourgeoisie. Finally, Part 3 explores the common background of the economic and political rulers of Turkey through an analysis of waqfs. While the focal point for the “growing aspirations and visions” of Istanbul, urban mega projects also constitute the centre of a reinvented milli kimlik (national identity). This re-invented identity is reincarnated in the Ottoman, Islamic, and Turkic origins of Turkey and has been framed in symbols, rituals and representations based on the glorification of the Ottoman past, while ignoring multicultural and multi-ethnic components. Indeed, we find that whilst the construction-based “gift economy” reshaped during the AKP era enables some social groups to be embedded into the political and economic system, it creates a dis-embeddedness for the dissident groups
Falierou, Anastasia. "Le vêtement et les modes vestimentaires à Istanbul des Tanzimat jusqu'à la Turquie républicaine (1826-1925)." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0103.
The thesis studies the processes of modernization in the way of life and their impact on the clothing question and styles of dressing across five different historical periods : the reign of Mahmud II (1808-1839), the Tanzimat era (1839-1876), the Hamidian era (1876-1909), the Young Turk period (1908-1918) and finally the first years of the Turkish Republic (1923-1925), up to the promulgation of the hat law. The developments in men's and women's clothing followed different chronological processes : for men, the changes began with the reforms of Mahmud II ; for the women of the harem changes did not appear before the 1860s, and for those of the middle class, even later. Despite the gap in chronology, men's and women's clothing styles are mirrors on the surface of wich gender identities are constructed. Clothing molds the body and transforms nature into cultural identity. It is my hypothesis that the evolution of Ottoman clothing styles was a result of changes in the notions of masculinity and feminity an the emergence of a new aesthetic ideal
Théodoridès, Anna. "Survivre en contexte minoritaire : une étude sociologique des résistances des Grecs d'Istanbul (Rûms polites) au lendemain des émeutes de la nuit du 6 au 7 septembre 1955, Istanbul." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0016.
The survival strategies constructed by the Greek community of Istanbul after the 6/7 September riots in 1955 are the subject of this PhD. Affects and representations of this episode of the past constitute the practices elaborated by the actors to achieve a common target: the preservation of their singularity and their cosmopolitan history rooted in Istanbul. The riots of September 1955 reflect the conflict between the primary identity - as envisaged by the members who see themselves as the founders of Istanbul - and the official denomination which tends to reify the different social groups. At the heart of this study, an ethnographical fieldwork led in Istanbul, Athens and Thessaloniki highlights the silent and hidden mobilization of the members remaining in Istanbul who have elaborated strategies of adjustment following logics of avoidance, bypass, danger anticipation and self-control after the events. By their sides, a generation of actors who had discreetly left after this night event, had tried to free themselves from the minority status by creating elsewhere spaces of emancipation or preservation of their identity criminalised in Turkey and marginalised or even disregarded in Greece where some of them had migrated. This thesis presents several facets linked to the experience of this traumatising event that gave birth to a large diversity of life stories and memories, revealing the repertoires at different scales which allowed to maintain in Istanbul or reinvent in other areas the singularity of this community
Ark, Ceren. "Transformation urbaine et réseaux clientélistes : le quartier de Şahintepe à Istanbul." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010313/document.
This thesis analyzes the construction of consent for a neoliberal policy of urban transformation among an initially reticent low-income population. We examine this question in Sahintepe, a slum neighborhood of Istanbul between 2009 and 2014. Our study shows that consent for public action is built above all through the appropriation by residents of the discourse and actions of neo-liberalism in daily life, and that this appropriation is itself the result of the political pedagogy of the dominant party in close collaboration with the district municipality. To carry out this strategy of pedagogy, we include that four elements are necessary to the party: a clear vision of a desired future and a project to bring it about; an internal structure suited to communicating the project in a disciplined and coherent way; political anchoring of the party and its workers in the informal networks of local society; the systematic use of both public and private resources in such a way as to make the party itself the predominant patron in a system of institutionalized clientelism. Using primary data from interviews and observations and the analysis of electoral results, the study concludes that neo-liberal policies must reach a symbiosis with clientelism in order to play their desired role in this social setting. The effects of this pedagogy can be assessed not only through the electoral progression of the ruling party but also through the gradual replacement on the part of neighborhood residents of confrontational tactics by demands for compensation
Onaran, Burak. "A bas le sultan : la conjuration de Kuleli (1859) et l'organisation de Meslek (1867) : les premières tentatives de détrônement après l'abolition des janissaires." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0170.
The main subject of this dissertation is two secret organizations (Kuleli, 1859 and Meslek,1867) uncovered by the Ottoman authorities in Istanbul while preparing the first revolts of the post-janissary era which targeted to overthrow the Ottoman sultan. This dissertation aims to rewrite the history of these two organizations in order to demonstrate their structure, mode of functioning and strategies for the revolt, and at the same time to understand their motivations, thoughts and political strategies as well as the social profiles of their members. The preliminary chapter of the dissertation concentrates on the regicides and dethronements in the history of the Ottoman Empire since the beginning of the 17 th century. This chapter constructs a fundamental historical and conceptual basis which thus helps in the following chapters to demonstrate the particularities of Kuleh and Meslek incidents and that of the Tanzimat era. In sum, this dissertation aims to contribute to the comprehension of the developments in the Ottoman political space; particularly the evolution of the position of the "subjects" within the Ottoman political power during the first decades of the Tanzimat era in which the governmental mentality and techniques of the central administration were reformulated and the public opinion increasingly presented itself as a political actor
Bakbasa, Ceyda. "Les politiques culturelles comme un outil de régénération urbaine : le cas de la Corne d'Or, Istanbul." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00999349.
Aktuna, Zeynep. "Les idéaux urbains ottomans sous l’influence occidentale : Le développement du « Secteur Nord » de Pera entre 1856 et 1922." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3029.
This study concentrates on a distinctive period of the late ottoman era during which the urban administration was subject to a transformation process from a "traditional" approach into a "modern" one. Similarly, this thesis focuses on a distinctive zone of Istanbul representing the urban extension of Pera, the occidental part of the city. The development of "the Northern Sector of Pera" is expected to owe much to the evolution of the urban administration which was gradually being shaped around the codified regulations of the Tanzimat era. How then the study of the urban extension of Pera, largely uninhabited by the middle of the 19th century, would reflect the materialization of the "urban ideals" of the ottoman state who was willing to construct a modern system of urban administration and who was, doing this, under the influence of foreign and non-Muslim populations which were becoming more and more active on the socio-economic life of the city. In this framework, this study focuses on the emergence and development of "the Northern Sector of Pera" through a morphological analysis by hoping to shed light on the distinctive features of the ottoman urban modernization by this very specific field of interest
Hamdi, Wafa. "Les muftis ottomans face aux changements du XIXe siècle : crises, mutations et réformes à Istanbul et à Tunis pendant les Tanzimat (1839-1876)." Paris, INALCO, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INAL0010.
Applied under the European influence, aiming at the westernization of the systems of the state and promising of legal equality between the Muslims and the non-Muslims, the said reforms Tanzimat looks very polemical in the XIXth century. The idea of equality between the confessional communities makes its road. In the Regency of Tunis, a reforming movement similar to that of the Ottoman capital begins to bloom. Therefore, all these changes made during this period transform the religion into a political stake. Consequently, the big religious dignitaries see each other strongly sought by the politicians in Tunis and in Istanbul. The rule of the sultans and the beys must be put in accordance with God's law, quite as the Moslem society had to follow the divine outlaws. Supposing that it is the case, our study concerns the role played by the heads of the ulemas in Tunis and in Istanbul, namely the Seyhs ül-Islam of Istanbul and the big muftis of Tunis, in this process of reform
Koşulu, Deniz. "Sociologie politique d'une communauté chiite minoritaire : les Caferis de Turquie, 1978-2015." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0246.
As a product of an ethnographic field study that we conducted on Twelver Shias (Caferis) in Kars, in Igdir and in Istanbul between 2009 and 2015, our thesis analyses the construction of the new urban Caferi community and the different moments of its politicization process since 1978
Durmaz, Nihal. "L'instrumentalisation des risques de catastrophe dans le processus d'urbanisation néolibérale de la ville d'Istanbul : une analyse à partir des quartiers de Sarigöl et Tozkoparan." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG045/document.
This work aims to shed light on how the city of today is designed by revisiting both urban practices (neoliberal approach and risk approach). Through the comparative study of two districts in Istanbul, Sarıg.l and Tozkoparan, designated at risk and subject to urban renewal projects, we analysed the objectives of the projects, their content, the beneficiaries and affected populations. On what grounds and realities are urban public policies based ? How are projects legitimized by risk ? Do they respond to the urban and social problems ? Do they cause new social problems ? The findings on the consequences of urban renewal practices have led us to focus on social issues emerging from conflictual urban dynamics. How are populations affected or will they be affected by these renovations ? The reaction of the inhabitants ?
Girard, Muriel. "Recompositions du monde artisanal et mutations urbaines au regard des mises en patrimoine et en tourisme au Maghreb et au Moyen-Orient (Fès, Istanbul, Alep)." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR2001.
This thesis examines the heritage question, and seeks to understand social dynamics in progress within the cities of the Maghreb and the Middle East. Thus are analyzed the relations between heritagization and touristification, as well as the artisanal practices and their evolution within the ancient urban centres of Fez, Istanbul and Aleppo. The comparative study aims at showing how multiple social, spatial, and identity reorganisation processes are resulting from it. Areas of craft world, visited by the tourists, the ancient urban centres are thought like a resource, which needs to be valorised by local and international actors. In this way, heritage and touristic imaginations are contributing to the craft industry’s categorization, which is established as a heritage figure, judged illicit, and sometime is reinvented. This setting participates to an aesthetic process, in which the craftsmen are ousted or staged as part of the scenery. The craftsmen social position can therefore be changing whereas they are developing their own actions, compromising with the public heritage action and tourism
Güvenli, Gülsün. "Le lycée de Galatasaray (1868-1923) : histoire sociologique d'une institution scolaire." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0103.
Galatasaray High School was established in Istanbul in 1868, during the wave of modernisation reforms of the Ottoman Empire with the contribution of France especially of Victor Dury. In the context of this study, the birth and the functioning of this school since its foundation until the first years of the Turkish Republic are elucidate with in one hand the explanation of the creation and evolution of the High School with regard to political and social environment of the time, and on the other hand, with the description of its different aspects from a sociological analysis: the organisation and contents of education, the pedagogy, the human and material environment, the cultural and sportive activities. The two last chapters reconstitute the evolution of the scholar and professional careers of the graduates in order to show their impact on the Turkish society and the neighbour countries, especially the Balkan countries. The thesis is completed by 100 pages of iconographical and bibliographical appendices
Troncy, Christel. "Institutionnalisation de formations francophones en contexte non francophone : politiques curriculaires et statut du français : l'université Galatasaray en Turquie (1992-2012) : une étude de cas élargie à d'autres formations en Europe orientale." Thesis, Le Mans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEMA3003/document.
How does the status of the French language as the teaching language for the courses become institutionalized in academic training programs, within a non French-speaking context? The main assumption is that of a weak institutionalization of the curricular status of the French language in a non French-speaking context, due in particular to the players, who generate the academic curricular policy while being less and less committed to a curriculum in French.The study of the curricular policy evolution at Galatasaray University — a university created in 1992 on the basis of a franco-turkish agreement is —considered along the lines of a qualitative and inductive approach, by means of a case study extended to other training programs in French, of a lesser scope but created during the same era, at the turn of the 1980s-1990s in Turkey and in other Eastern Europe countries. The study relies on a vast corpus of archival data and interview-gathered data. The elements concerning the selected training programs enable us to bring to light some initial institutionalization processes of the status of the French language, that are common to these training programs and to Galatasaray University. All are representative of a particular era, of short lasting, propitious for a movement of academic training programs creation, in French, within these globally non French-speaking contexts in Eastern Europe. In the majority of cases, at various degrees, twenty years later, the status of the French language appears all the more unstable that the networks of players who generate the curricular academic policy are weak, and that the status of the French language is less and less consensual
Gündogan, Göknur. "Santralistanbul : une usine en déclin, une friche culturelle en évolution : la reconversion de la friche industrielle de Silahtarağa en Santralistanbul; un espace culturel pluridisciplinaire et campus." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30066/document.
Since the 1950’s, the conversion of industrial wastelands constitute an important phenomenon in Europe. Even if it is more known as a movement of urban redevelopment, it also holds a particular meaning for today’s cultural and artistic practices. These huge (vast) spaces that were abandoned by science and industries of the modern era start to become the places of alternative expressions which are convenient for exchanges between art, industry and science of contemporary times. Thus, these memorial places‐ through their particular characteristics incarnate the entity of the western contemporary societies. Starting by their facilities, the model of organization of work, and the industrial production approach that they reflect; their factories, laboratories and centers are at the crossroads of several artistic questions. The major objective of this thesis is to analyze the possibility of an interaction between art, science, and industry but also academia within the project of a particular cultural wasteland realized in Istanbul in Turkey by putting the emphasis on social –economicalechoes of such a conversion at urban level. Observing the unique example of Santralistanbul – an initiative of Bilgi University that gave life again to the ancient electricity power station of Silahtaraga‐, the point is to highlight theparticularities of the project and to focus principally on the activities concerning the domain of performing arts
Mahboubian, Siamac. "From Istanbul to Ankara : Turkey's entry into international society." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4421/1/M12216.pdf.
Bilodeau, Mélissa. "Développement de l’espace public & construction nationale : l’AKP en Turquie." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23752.
This research focuses on the manifestation of nationalism, as political ideology, in public spaces. It is argued that a political party can promote a national ideology in its construction of public spaces, especially in a context where state, government and political are intertwined entities. Thanks to a study of three construction projects promoted by the AKP since it came to power in Turkey in 2002, ie the Panorama 1453 Museum, the Yavuz Selim Sultan Bridge and the Çamlıca Mosque, the analysis supports the construction of a neo-Ottoman ideology. If this ideology does not completely break with the paradigm of a Turkish identity as distinct from the Arab world, it nevertheless diverges from the Kemalist secularism promoted during the first Republic. Turkish hegemonic ideology now promotes a greater emphasis on the Ottoman past, on the visibility of the Islamic religion in public spaces and a favouritism of Istanbul, the former Ottoman capital. To reach this conclusion following a short field trip, photographs were taken to illustrate the subject. If it turns out that not all spaces are equal in terms of symbolism, none of the spaces studied has turned out to be meaningless.