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Journal articles on the topic 'Politicization of development work'
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1
Sommer, Udi, and Aliza Forman-Rabinovici. "The Politicization of Women’s Health and Wellbeing." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (April 29, 2020): 3593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093593.
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The framers and advocates of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals face a unique challenge when it comes to the goals of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3, good health and wellbeing, as it concerns women’s health. The health of women, and in particular reproductive rights, have been politicized in the work of the UN. Forums of the UN have become a battleground between those who would frame reproductive rights as a morality policy versus those who frame them as a feminist policy. This problem is not new to the organization’s work. Indeed, it has been a challenge to the UN’s ability to promote women’s health for years. This article explores how the framing of women’s reproductive rights poses a unique challenge to implementing some of the goals of SDG3, and in particular targets 3.1, 3.7, and 3.8. It also offers strategies to surmount the challenge with an example of a different intergovernmental organization that managed to overcome this issue.
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Tarigan, Trisnadi, and Dimyati Dimyati. "Work Engagement, Self Efficacy and Job Satisfaction of Professional Educators." Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal 4, no. 2 (April 20, 2021): 766–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birle.v4i2.1839.
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Teachers as professional educators have an important role in developing human resources. The task of the teacher is not only as a teacher but also as an educator, so that in addition to having the task of strengthening the intellectual capacity of students, it is also responsible for the formation and development of the personality capacity and abilities of students cognitively, affective and psychomotor. However, apart from these assignments, teachers still have various problems related to excessive workloads and quality demands that are not comparable to the economic and social welfare they receive and problems with politicization of teachers. This problem simultaneously affects work engagement, self-efficacy and job satisfaction of professional educators. Even though work engagement.
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Blackwell, Dick. "The Politicization of Group Analysis in the 21st Century." Group Analysis 35, no. 1 (March 2002): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/053331602400933963.
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At a time of uncertainty and rapid change, little can be predicted with any confidence. We can note, however; the point reached in dialectical historical processes and recognize the conflicts and contradictions pushing in different directions. We can consider developments in politics, culture, personal relationships and psychotherapy as major dimensions of the context within which we continue to work and which, in the course of our work, we are called on to address.
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Lewis, Sophie A. "A comradely politics of gestational work." Dialogues in Human Geography 8, no. 3 (November 2018): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2043820618800603.
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In response to the four commentaries on ‘Cyborg uterine geography’, in which I argued normatively for reorganizing gestation on the basis of comradeliness, I grapple with three overlapping conceptual areas highlighted: the ethical and political affordances of the term ‘generosity’ in relation to care and pregnancy; the methodological question of bringing insights from the uterine field of ‘sympoeisis’ (‘making-with’, Haraway (2016) Staying with the Trouble: Making Kin in the Chthulucene. Durham: Duke University Press.) into the practice of scholarship; and the desire for more place-based specificity in the mapping of uterine geographies (plural, rather than singular; ‘normal’, as well as ‘queer’). Throughout this reply, I tie my remarks back to the core framework I advance in my piece, of gestation being work which, as such, has no predetermined gender, is subject to transformation through struggle, should not be romanticized (for instance, by identifying it with ‘the biological maternal’). Firstly, I rethink what it means to valorize gestational relationality in terms of generousness, from an antiwork perspective. Secondly, I engage the question, ‘can uterine geographies also create a methodology of engagement’? while seeking to qualify the proposed embrace of ‘indeterminacy’. Thirdly, I respond to concerns about the ‘universality’ in my piece by considering some contemporary examples of uterine politicization, specifically around abortion, that suggest to me that specificity has served as the matrix through which a ‘militant particularism’ (Harvey and Williams (1995) Militant particularism and global ambition. Social Text 42(Spring): 69–98.) can emerge in the form of geographically far-flung Reproductive Justice solidarities.
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Konstantin Yu., Milovanov. "Theory and Practice of School Upbringing Politicization in Soviet Pedagogical Thought of the Pre-war Period." Scholarly Notes of Transbaikal State University 15, no. 4 (October 2020): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2658-7114-2020-15-4-120-128.
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The article examines the issues of schools’ politicization in the domestic pedagogical thought of the pre-war period. The theoretical and methodological relevance of the study lies in the need to study the theory and practice of school education, modernization models and educational strategies of the Soviet period. No less important is the relevance of the historical dimension of the problem of the development of school education in the USSR in the context of the scientific reconstruction of the main stages of its evolution. The author has used historical-structural, historical-typological, historiographic and source study methods in his work. The purpose and practical significance of scientific work are associated with the tasks of interpreting and revising the activities of historically established educational systems, and with the possibility of their retrospective use for examining the state of the modern Russian school and building innovative concepts that generate new pedagogical knowledge. The study postulates the assertion that the upbringing system in the Soviet period was part of the ideological work of the ruling party, which had a huge impact on society. The views of prominent figures in pedagogical science and education system on the problem of raising the younger generation are characterized. The leading tendencies of etatization and politicization of school educational practice in the historical period under consideration are revealed. The main parameters of the modernization of the system of cultural, educational and educational activities of the united labour socialist school have been determined. It has been established that during the Soviet period, a worldwide recognized system of general education appeared. At the same time, the era under consideration was marked by the politicization of education, formation and subsequent development of the state-party management of the public education system.
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HOWARD, JOSHUA H. "The Politicization of Women Workers at War: Labour in Chongqing's cotton mills during the Anti-Japanese War." Modern Asian Studies 47, no. 6 (April 3, 2013): 1888–940. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x11000849.
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AbstractBuilding on recent scholarship that highlights social change caused by the Anti-Japanese War, this paper traces the politicization of women working in the cotton mills of Chongqing, the Nationalist wartime capital. Upon joining the workforce in the late 1930s, most cotton mill hands were young, uneducated women expected to endure hard work and remain physically confined to the factories. By 1945, women workers were at the forefront of a militant labour movement, writing manifestoes and petitioning government officials. This process of politicization stemmed from their decision to work in factories, which breached societal norms, and their experience of disciplined labour regimes and brutal working conditions, which fostered an incipient class-consciousness. Moreover, Nationalist-sponsored factory education campaigns had the unintended effect of leading women to challenge class exploitation and sexual discrimination. Their participation in the labour movement, which was fuelled by their struggle for economic justice and desire for higher social status, used both legal forms— especially petitions and letters to the press couched in the wartime nationalist rhetoric of shared sacrifice—and extralegal means, namely class violence. The paper concludes that the social changes and conflict that accompanied women's wartime work helped prepare the terrain for Communist rule.
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Shambaugh, David. "The Soldier and the State in China: The Political Work System in the People' Liberation Army." China Quarterly 127 (September 1991): 527–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000031052.
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The military is a key actor in the political life of many nations. Across the developing and socialist worlds, the armed forces have served as far more than guarantors of national security as they sustain civilian elites in power or often seize it themselves. In China there has been a long tradition of military rule during much of the modern era–one need think only of Li Hongzhang and the Beiyang Army, the Republic's first president General Yuan Shikai, the warlords of the 1920s, or Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek and theGuominjun(the twin sibling of the ruling Guomindang). In post-1949 China former and active-duty military officers (as well as the military as an institution) have been central actors in the political life of the nation, effectively administering the country from 1949–52 and 1967–73. However, this article is not so much about the militarization of politics in China as about the politicization of the military.
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Yip, Kam-shing. "Tensions and dilemmas of social work education in China." International Social Work 50, no. 1 (January 2007): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872807071485.
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English Social work education in China has developed dramatically over the past decade. However, because of its unique social, cultural and political back-ground and contexts, its current and future development faces tensions associated with politicization, professionalization and commercialization in the fields of values, social service delivery, social work practice and curriculum development. French L'enseignement du travail social a pris un essor considérable en Chine au cours de la dernière décennie. Toutefois, compte tenu du caractère unique des dimensions sociales, politiques et culturelles du contexte chinois, son développement actuel et futur fait face à des tensions liées à la politicisation, la professionnalisation et la commercialisation au plan des valeurs, de l'offre des services sociaux, de même qu'aux plans de la pratique du service social et de son développement. Spanish La educación en trabajo social en China se ha desarrollado dramáticamente durante la década pasada. Sin embargo, en virtud de sus antecedentes y contextos sociales, culturales y políticos únicos, su desarrollo actual y futuro enfrenta tensiones asociadas con la politizacíon, profesionalizacíon y comercializacíon en los valores, el otorgamiento de servicios sociales, la práctica del trabajo social y el desarrollo del currículum.
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Kang, Cheol, and Ilhak Lee. "COVID-19 Pandemic, Transparency, and “Polidemic” in the Republic of Korea." Asian Bioethics Review 13, no. 2 (March 12, 2021): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41649-021-00164-4.
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AbstractThis article examines the development of the Republic of Korea’s strategy to prevent the spread of COVID-19 with particular focus on ethical issues and the problem of politicization of public communication. Using prominent examples of stakeholders who have acted and expressed themselves in highly contradictory ways on the topic of the pandemic, we provide an analysis of how the public health policy discourse has entered into the realm of politicization and elaborate on the danger that this phenomenon poses in terms of rational debate and appropriate policy measures geared toward the public’s safety. Considering the role that the Republic of Korea have had in global media coverage of quarantine policies and epidemic prevention, we believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it provides a new perspective and insights into the forces at work within and around a prevention strategy that has both been lauded and seen as highly controversial.
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Holland, Edward C., and John O’Loughlin. "Ethnic competition, radical Islam, and challenges to stability in the Republic of Dagestan." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 43, no. 3 (August 23, 2010): 297–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2010.07.006.
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Previous academic work on stability in Dagestan has focused on two potential cleavages, the republic’s ethnic diversity and the challenge from radical Islamist groups. Using results from a December 2005 survey, and focusing on Dagestan’s six main ethnic groups, this paper investigates attitudes towards the dual topics of the politicization of ethnicity and the relationship between terrorism and Islamism. We find that Dagestanis maintain layered conceptions of identity, and do not attribute violence predominantly to radical Islam in the republic or the wider North Caucasus. Scholars should be aware of Rogers Brubaker’s concept of groupism in analyzing not just ethnic groups, but religious movements as well.
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Giacaman, Rita. "Reframing Public Health in Wartime: From the Biomedical Model to the “Wounds Inside”." Journal of Palestine Studies 47, no. 2 (2018): 9–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2018.47.2.9.
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This article traces the research trajectory of the Institute of Community and Public Health (ICPH) at Birzeit University, whose work focuses on life and health outcomes for Palestinians living in chronic warlike conditions under Israeli settler-colonial rule. Over decades of field-based work, ICPH researchers came to the realization that medicalized responses to trauma contributed to concealing the social and political meaning that Palestinians attribute to their collective experience. By adopting an approach that linked the biological/biomedical sphere to the political sphere through the concept of suffering, and exposing the sociopolitical conditions of life and the collective trauma inducing nature of Israeli military occupation and repression, ICPH's research has allowed for the simultaneous personalization of war and politicization of health. In addition to discussing some of the health problems identified by ongoing investigations, the article also touches on the ways in which institution building and research production are linked to the capacity of Palestinians to endure and resist violation in their struggle for justice.
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Brownson, Elizabeth. "Colonialism, Nationalism, and the Politics of Teaching History in Mandate Palestine." Journal of Palestine Studies 43, no. 3 (2014): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2014.43.3.9.
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For Palestinian nationalists in Mandate Palestine, British education policy was a source of constant frustration. The shortage of schools, the lack of local control over the curriculum, and the marginalization and de-politicization of Palestinian history constituted major grievances. Proceedings from the Peel Commission reveal much about the rationale behind this policy, particularly the bias toward “rural” education and the attempts to control teachers. Drawing on and complementing the work of A.L. Tibawi, this article seeks to shed light on the nationalists' protests by examining both the responses of officials brought before the Commission, as well as the government's history curriculum during the Mandate. In doing so, the research shows that education policy was constructed to maintain the underdevelopment of Palestine and to hinder state-building efforts that could compete with those of the Zionists.
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Turtiainen, Jussi, Ari Väänänen, and Pekka Varje. "The pressure of objectives and reality: Social workers’ perceptions of their occupational complexities in a trade journal in 1958–1999." Qualitative Social Work 17, no. 6 (April 14, 2017): 849–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473325017699453.
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This article studies social workers’ occupational discussions on the complexities of their work in a Finnish social workers’ trade union journal in 1958–1999. The journal illustrates the flip side of social work; the quest for professionalization, the struggle for fair pay, and social workers’ perceptions of their occupational status and job dissatisfaction. We traced the significant turning points in their difficulties and challenges at work and identified the junctures at which the major occupational difficulties came to the surface, transformed and received an established position in the professional mindset. The four junctures identified are: the making of the profession (1958–1968), the politicization of social work and working conditions (1974–1981), a heightened awareness of work pressures (1982–1990), and the social work crisis (1991–1999). Our analysis leads to the conclusion that job complexities at work were related to the transformations in welfare policy and ideology. The historical periodization of the occupational complexities indicates that social workers collectively reasserted the profession of social work and its institutional boundaries into a broader rubric of the demands brought about by changing society and the development of the Nordic welfare state.
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Alamsyah, Muhammad Nur, Sultan Sultan, and Sayuti Sayuti. "Food Security and the Futures of Farmers in Decentralisation Era: a Case Study From Sigi District Central Sulawesi." KOMUNITAS: International Journal of Indonesian Society and Culture 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/komunitas.v7i1.3620.
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Decentralization is a form of democratization used to push development at district level. The formation of new autonomous regions results into more land conversion and politicization of society, rather than the strengthening of food security and the wellbing of farmers. This study examines the effectivity of local policy of Sigi District South Sulawesi to strengthen food security and elevate the prosperity of farmers. Through qualitative methods to bring together stakeholders (farmers, local authorities) through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews, the study found that the district policy still is formalistic. There is no standard information dissemination,no better attitude and commitment to the policy, limited resources, and there is no work standard. The role of regional food security council is not optimal, a lot of institutional barriers, there is no involvement of the community in accessing the programmes and also high politicization of this top down policy. Key Word: Policy, Local Goverment, food security, DecentralizationDesentralisasi merupakan wujud demokratisasi daerah untuk pembangunan. Pembentukan daerah otonom baru (DOB) melahirkan terjadinya alih fungsi lahan dan politisasi masyarakat seperti petani daripada penguatan ketahanan pangan dan penguatan petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti kebijakan Kabupaten Sigi dalam hal penguatan ketahanan pangan dan petani. Melalui metode kualitatif dengan mempertemukan pemangku kepentingan (petani, pejabat daerah) melalui diskusi kelompok terfokus dan wawancara mendalam, diketahui bahwa kebijakan masih bersifat formalistik. Tidak ada sosialisasi informasi secara baik, sikap dan komitmen terhadap kebijakan kurang, keterbatasan sumber daya, tidak ada standar kerja. Dewan ketahanan pangan daerah belum optimal, hambatan struktur dan kelembagaan, tidak ada keterlibatan masyarakat dalam mengakses penyusunan program serta tingginya politisasi pada bidang pertanian yang semuanya dikelola secara top down di daerah.
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Gravante, Tommaso. "Forced Disappearance as a Collective Cultural Trauma in the Ayotzinapa Movement." Latin American Perspectives 47, no. 6 (September 27, 2020): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x20951773.
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The disappearance of 43 students of the teachers’ training college at Ayotzinapa in 2014 has inspired a broad social movement. Ethnographic work and interviews conducted at several of the demonstrations to show solidarity with the parents of the students reveal that their forced disappearance has been framed by participants as a collective cultural trauma. The politicization of this trauma has led to a change in the relationship between citizens and public institutions and produced a new social narrative. La desaparición de 43 estudiantes de la escuela de formación de profesores en Ayotzinapa en 2014 inspiró un amplio movimiento social. Trabajo etnográfico y entrevistas realizadas durante varias de las manifestaciones para mostrar solidaridad con los padres de los estudiantes revelan que su desaparición forzada ha sido enmarcada por los participantes como un trauma cultural colectivo. La politización de este trauma ha llevado a un cambio en la relación entre los ciudadanos y las instituciones públicas y ha producido una nueva narrativa social.
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Tase, Dr Mirela, and Dr Manjola Xhaferri. "The Development of Higher Education in Albania, Problems and Challenges." Journal of Education, Teaching and Social Studies 1, no. 1 (May 20, 2019): p21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jetss.v1n1p21.
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Education is considered as one of the main pillars of society. An educated society leads the development of a nation. Education is also one of the areas which is also strongly influenced by it and social change. The fact that the educational systems are in permanent change does not show instability. But rather on the other side, they serve to better adapt the society which is changing. Starting from the beginning the education system in Albania has experienced changes after the collapse of the communist system and the approach of society to these changes has been a sensitive issue. These changes were not very studied, since they were in a very unfavorable environments, in which our education system came from a widespread politicization, and they did not always have the right fruits which was often perceived by us as experiments. These changes have not passed without debate, not only by academics, but also by students and civil society. Methodology: The work is based on a comparative analysis over these three decades, relying also on INSTAT’s statistical data.Main results: In this paper, I will show the transformation of the higher education system and how today the Law on Higher Education after three years of implementation has encountered a number of problems where the state and universities are moving from one to the other and finally that those who suffer the consequences of this law are the Albanian young who are not finding themselves in the Albanian market.
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Shannon, Róisín. "Playing with principles in an era of securitized aid." Progress in Development Studies 9, no. 1 (January 2009): 15–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146499340800900103.
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The international community's response to reconstructing Afghanistan, following the US-led regime change invasion post-11 September 2001 (9/11), brought actors such as the military and private corporations more fully into the humanitarian sphere. As a result, the Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), traditionally charged with taking humanitarian action, face a number of challenges and dilemmas. Their legitimacy and their ability to act impartially, be perceived as neutral and to maintain their independence have become increasingly constrained. How the NGOs adapt when their humanitarian space is constrained affects who, where and what aid gets delivered and on what principles. However, little is known about the dynamics of humanitarian space or how the NGOs have adapted in practice. Filling the gap in empirical knowledge might enable the NGOs to deal better with the constrained environments they are likely to encounter as the ‘war on terror’ continues to unfold. This research, based on field work in Afghanistan during mid-2006, suggests the politicization, developmentalization and securitization of aid, often referred to as ‘new humanitarianism’, has triumphed in the post-9/11 environment. The role of the NGOs as neutral actors has been seriously undermined, not least by the NGOs themselves. Having legitimized regime change intervention, they find themselves prevented from negotiating their space with any group not approved by the architects of the new political dispensation. As the country slips towards a serious humanitarian crisis, there may be no way back from their lost neutrality. The best use that can be made of these findings is to identify what the Afghanistan experience can teach NGOs for operating under constrained humanitarianism.
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Isaac, Jeffrey C. "Nature and Politics." Perspectives on Politics 11, no. 2 (May 21, 2013): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592713001023.
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The broad theme of “nature and politics” has been ubiquitous at least since Aristotle's Politics, the fourth century BCE text often considered the founding work of political science. Long before “political science” took the distinct disciplinary and institutional forms with which we are familiar, the effort to understand the sources and the range of political experience was typically linked to reflection on nature—the nature of politics, the nature of human beings, the nature of existence, and the nature of “nature” itself. In contemporary, post-World War II political science in the United States, much of this reflection about nature has until recently been linked to the work of Leo Strauss and his followers, who saw themselves as heirs to a philosophical discourse at odds with modern social science. At the same time, serious consideration of nature as a theme of political science never disappeared and in recent decades has dramatically expanded. (And of course interpretations of the science of nature, i.e., “science,” have been at the center of political science, especially since the advent of behavioralism.) One source of this expansion of interest in nature has no doubt been the growing politicization of “the environment” and heightened attention to the natural world as both the setting in which human interaction takes place and the object of extraordinary human transformation and degradation. Another source has been the politicization of identities—race, gender, sexuality—that had long been considered natural and whose contestation raised anew questions about “human nature” and its limits, variations, and transformations. A third source has clearly been the technological and theoretical development of “the natural sciences” themselves, and the growth of new discourses—evolutionary psychology, behavioral economics, neuroscience—that raise new questions about the complex relationships between the non-human dimensions of nature—physics, chemistry, biology and especially neurobiology—and human individuals and the social worlds that human individuals inhabit.
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Baković, Nikola. "Tending the “oasis of socialism.” Transnational political mobilization of Yugoslav economic emigrants in the FR Germany in the late 1960s and 1970s." Nationalities Papers 42, no. 4 (July 2014): 674–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2014.880831.
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The article examines the development of the Yugoslav state's policy of transnational political engagement of Yugoslav citizens on temporary work in the FR Germany during the late 1960s and 1970s. This politicization of labor migrations was shaped by the interplay of the internal turmoil in the Yugoslav federation and the conditions peculiar to West Germany of the time. The change of the state's perception of external migrations is being examined through the extension of the agitation apparatus of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia onto the territory of the FR Germany and the mobilization of economic emigrants against the “hostile” political emigrants residing in that country. The main goal of these measures was to maintain the emigrants' transnational links to their homeland and ensure that their political standing was kept in line with the official Yugoslav ideological tenets until the time of the prospective return migration cycle. The extraterritorial character of these measures, coupled with the specific position of Yugoslavia within the Cold War diplomacy, led to a peculiar ideological interplay and shifting web of cooperation and confrontation between various actors.
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McCargo, Duncan, and Naruemon Thabchumpon. "Wreck/Conciliation? The Politics of Truth Commissions in Thailand." Journal of East Asian Studies 14, no. 3 (December 2014): 377–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800005531.
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More than ninety people died in political violence linked to the March–May 2010 “redshirt” protests in Bangkok. The work of the government-appointed Truth for Reconciliation Commission of Thailand (TRCT) illustrates the potential shortcomings of seeing quasi-judicial commissions as a catch-all solution for societies struggling to deal with the truth about their recent pasts. The 2012 TRCT report was widely criticized for blaming too much of the violence on the actions of rogue elements of the demonstrators and failing to focus tightly on the obvious legal transgressions of the security forces. By failing strongly to criticize the role of the military in most of the fatal shootings, the TRCT arguably helped pave the way for the 2014 coup. Truth commissions that are unable to produce convincing explanations of the facts they examine may actually prove counterproductive. Following Quinn and Wilson, we argue in this article that weak truth commissions are prone to politicization and are likely to produce disappointing outcomes, which may even be counterproductive.
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Kinfu, Zenebe Tafesse, and Alina A. Fadeeva. "Functional traits of the media space in Kazakhstan in the context of globalization." RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 25, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2020-25-1-168-176.
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This article is devoted to the study of the functional features of the media space in Kazakhstan under the rapidly changing globalization trends and information confrontation of world powers. Since gaining independence, Kazakhstan is striving to create its own independent information space. The process of information space formation in the country has several traits, such as low competitiveness of national news agencies, slow development of the regulatory and legal framework in the field of information security, high politicization, including the language issue. These features occurred due to the heterogeneous language environment, the problems of the formation of national independent news agencies, the challenges of globalization, the most pressing of which is the growing influence of global media. In this article, authors touch upon the transition of Kazakhstan to the Latin alphabet, as well as the views of Western, Russian and Kazakhstan researchers on the current state of the media landscape of Kazakhstan. Authors justify the need to work out ways to minimize external information impact on the media landscape of Kazakhstan that is still undergoing media transformation processes.
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Enaifoghe, Andrew Osehi, and Cotties Toyin Adetiba. "Understanding Dynamic Engagement of Community in Local Governance, Enhancing Grassroots Development in South Africa." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 10, no. 1(S) (April 23, 2019): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v10i1(s).2808.
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The discourse on "Community engagement and commitment†is a critical subject that requires the interest of individuals within communities to fully participate in activities that address community needs. A meaningful citizen engagement reaches out beyond physical inclusion to incorporate the generation of thoughts and deliberations. In addition, it includes the commitments to leadership process in decision-making and the involvement of community members in the administrative responsibility. Among the elements that propel individuals to take an interest to participate in local governance need to assume a functioning role in bettering their very own lives, satisfying social or religious commitments feeling a need for a sense of community, and other quantifiable benefits. This study conceptualizes what community engagement, models, and frameworks is about and that can be used as a guide, to inspire communities in meeting various challenges relating to their interest in participation and cooperation. The study does not claim to cover all the accessible and significant human sociology on public cooperation literature. Qualitatively, the study gave an outline of the basic ideas that shed light on community participation, cooperation and commitment to duty and responsibility. As the study adopted a qualitative approach, mostly secondary source was consulted to address the research question. The findings show that the instrumental way to deal with citizens’ concerns, with attention to results and adequacy is considerably more far-reaching than the more transformative method. Furthermore, people ought to review challenges related with gathering politicization of improvement and participatory structures, the absence of responsibility towards organizing community interest, the absence of limit capacity among partners, poor access to data or information, and inability to perceive and work intimately with community-based associations. It was then recommended that the community and different partners take part in the discussions that prompted the last record, as this is required by the South African Municipal Structures Act.
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Friederic, Karin. "The Challenges of Advocacy in Anthropological Research on Intimate Partner Violence." Practicing Anthropology 33, no. 3 (July 1, 2011): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.33.3.0k852l348l311043.
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In the year 2001, I began researching the relationship between domestic violence, family relations, and women's rights awareness in rural Northwest Ecuador. I have also been involved in the development of a community-based health project in the region, as well as other local initiatives for health and social justice. Over a ten-year period, violence has come unexpectedly in and out of focus in my work due to shifting perceptions of its legitimacy in the eyes of community members. While intimate partner violence has long been accepted as a private and generally unremarkable affair, newly circulating discourses of human rights and citizenship are prompting people to increasingly question this view. Some forms of intimate partner violence are now intentionally labeled violencia doméstica (domestic violence) and contested as such. For this reason, many Las Cruces inhabitants now hold the state accountable for protecting women and children, even though legal and judicial resources remain scant. In this paper, I discuss the ways that the politicization of violence as a violation of women's rights has rendered certain forms of violence more visible and contestable, while obscuring others.
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Ershov, Vitalii F. "FINANCIAL POLICY OF THE USA AND CANADA IN THE POST-SOVIET SPACE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY (THE CASE OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION MEMBERS)." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Eurasian Studies. History. Political Science. International Relations, no. 2 (2021): 10–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7648-2021-2-10-27.
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The paper deals with the development of financial and economic relations of the United States and Canada with post-Soviet states in the context of geopolitical processes in the Eurasian space. The author analyzes the nature of the North American investment capital impact on the internal development of the countries of Eurasia and on the dynamics of Eurasian integration. The paper highlights the most important events in the field of economic diplomacy of the United States and Canada, dynamics of volumes and sectoral focus of North American investments in the Eurasian region. A distinctive feature of the United States and Canada investment policy in the post-Soviet space is its politicization, its involvement in the global geopolitical projects of the West of the 21 st century. American business is most active in the countries of Eurasian Economic Union that already have developed the market institutions – Re- public of Belarus, Republic of Kazakhstan, Republic of Armenia, but it also acts in the Central Asia countries interested in attracting foreign capital. The work focuses on an analysis of the development of financial and economic rela- tions of the United States and Canada with post-Soviet states by the example of the Eurasian Economic Union members – Republic of Armenia, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyz Republic (except of Russian Federation, whose relationship with the United States and Canada should be the subject of a separate study).
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Narutto, S. V. "Significance of Prof. Ekaterina I. Kozlova’s Academic Legacy for the Modern Understanding of the Legislative Process and Legislation." Actual Problems of Russian Law 15, no. 3 (April 9, 2020): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2020.112.3.055-064.
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The paper deals with the issues of law-making development in the context of actual ideas of Prof. Ekaterina I. Kozlova with regard to the place of a legislative body in the system of state power, order and the results of its activities, the problems of limits of legislative regulation and the politicization of legislation leading to a decline in the quality of laws. The author substantiates the conclusion that the expansion of legislative regulation creates problems, including conflict-of-laws rules, legal uncertainty, numerous references to regulation carried out through bylaws. Excessive legislative regulation leads to restriction of human rights and freedoms, hinders democratic processes. At the same time, the existence of gaps in the legislative material leads to arbitrary interpretation and unlimited discretion of the enforcement.Prof. Kozlova’s works have been developed in the modern scientific doctrine of parliamentarism, federal legislative process and legislation, public control.
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Khugaev, Irlan S. "Fandyr and Kudajnat's sword: overcoming the “Tazit complex” in Georgy Tsagolov's poetry." Philological Sciences. Scientific Essays of Higher Education, no. 3 (May 2021): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/phs.3-21.097.
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The article considers the poetry writing of an Ossetian Russian-language writer, poet and publicist Georgy Mikhajlovich Tsagolov (1871–1939), which mainly refers to the turn of the 20th century and partially appears in the collection of poems “Ossetian motifs” (1907). Its main motifs, thematic and stylistic priorities, his attitude to leading literary tendencies of that time, allusions to the Russian classical poetry and the authour’s place and significance in the development of the Ossetian literature are identified. On the basis of observations of the dynamics of the authour's conception certain conclusions are formulated. Although Tsagolov’s early works remain largely within the ideologic and stylistic paradigm of the Khetagurov period, the phenomenons of urbanization, politicization and proletarianization of the Ossetian literary mind become increasingly visible over time. The Ossetian literature in this poetry gets free of the newly scripted language complex, and in particular, of the “Tazit complex” of mountain enlightenment.
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Polyanina, O. A. "City Self-Government in Russia at the End of XIX - XXI Centuries: Processes of Decentralization and Internal Structuring." Nauchnyy Dialog, no. 2 (February 28, 2020): 403–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2020-2-403-420.
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The article is devoted to the problem of decentralization of urban self-government in Russia in the XIX - early XXI centuries. Both the practical experience of functioning of intra-urban municipalities (small urban units), and the level of theoretical understanding of the problems of decentralization in different periods of national history are analyzed in the article. The author has identified three time periods when the idea of creating a small city unit took on practical implementation: the revolutionary period in 1917-1918, the decade from 1995 to 2005 and the period from 2014 to the present. The author considers the socio-political context of the transformation at each of these stages. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of the regulatory framework in the studied area. It is shown that the legislation alternately ruled out, then allowed the possibility of creating intra-city municipalities, which impeded the progressive development of this level of municipal authority. The scientific novelty of the work is in the fact that the author revealed common typological features of the decentralization process that are characteristic of all the stages studied. It is concluded that the relatively low efficiency of a small urban unit is due to the politicization of its problems and the lack of historical continuity.
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Fedorov, Nikolay. "Initial stage in the activity of “Muslim Brotherhood”: from political self-isolation towards the demand to create “Islamic Party” (1928-1936)." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 5 (May 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2020.5.33895.
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The subject of this research is evolution of the political doctrine of the Egyptian organization “Muslim Brotherhood” over the period from 1928 to 1936. The author carefully examines the historical context of establishment and initial stage of existence of the “Brotherhood”. Analysis is conducted on the political situation that unfolded in Egypt by the late 1920s – early 1930s, as well as peculiarities of socioeconomic development of the country during the interwar period (1919-1939). The author explores the evolution of views and rhetoric of the founder of the organization Hassan al-Banna. Special attention is given to formation of the structure of the community, its apparatus, as well as political doctrine and question of self-presentation of the “Brotherhood”. The main conclusion consists in detection of traceable link between the nature of the statements of al-Banna and the political situation in Egypt at the time, as well as his deliberate desire to self-isolate from participation in the struggle for power, for the sake of further consolidation of “Muslim Brotherhood”. The author’s special contribution consists in deconstruction of the events of 1936, which led to rapid politicization of the “Brotherhood”, which reflected in the demand to create “Islamic Party”. The novelty of this work lies in attraction of wide variety of sources in the Arabic language, as well as in the attempt to contrapose the development of nationalistic and Islamist movements in Egypt.
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Metelyova, T., and V. Soloshenko. "Theoretical and Methodological Foundations of the Memory Policy in the Global Context: History and Modernity." Problems of World History, no. 6 (October 30, 2018): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2018-6-2.
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The article is an analytical review of the evolution of historical and collective memory issues and of the development of memory studies. The analysis of the scientific achievements in the field ofmemory studies has revealed the ineffably selective nature of collective memory, in which its work for restoration of the Past is carried out according to the laws and needs of the Modernity. Thus, thepoliticization of the Past is an integral part of its functioning in the Present. In the countries of young democracy the increase of the degree of politicization of the Past is also determined by the logic of the nation-building processes. It was revealed that sacred and mythological nature of the “heroic narrative” is serving as the identification basis for the community and the “reference point” is associated with it. That is why very often the moment when “everything began” causes the deployment of “wars of memory” around them. In the context of globalization the “war of memory” goes beyondnational borders and turns into a factor of interstate relations. It is found that in the modern world in the field of memory politics a global consensus has already been formed, and it is based on theprinciples of the universality of human rights, freedom and democracy. This causes a change in the earlier memory narratives, which were based on images of victories and triumphs, by the narratives ofhistorical trauma and sacrifice.
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Anjum, Ovamir. "Interview with Talal Asad." American Journal of Islam and Society 35, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 55–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v35i1.812.
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The work of Talal Asad, in particular his two landmark volumes Genealogiesof Religion: Discipline and Reasons of Power in Christianityand Islam (1993) and Formations of the Secular: Christianity, Islam,Modernity (2004), has given new life to critical study of secularismand the idea of “religion” across the disciplines of anthropology, politicalscience, religion, history, and colonial studies. In fact my firstpublished article, “Islam as a Discursive Tradition” (2007), was amethodological inquiry into efforts to conceptualize Islam, focalizedthrough the work of Asad and his interlocutors. The preface tomy 2012 book on Islamic political thought remarked my broaderindebtedness to Asad’s notion of “discursive tradition” (against simpleaccounts of the “politicization” of modern Islam). Shortly afterthe book was published, in June 2012, I conducted a dialogue withProfessor Asad in his Manhattan apartment, unique also for beinga dialogue between an anthropologist and an intellectual historian.Our conversation spanned topics of mutual interest: secularismand the nation-state, democracy, Islamic tradition, the questions ofreform and coercion, and too (what was at the time) Egypt’s newrevolution and so the possibilities and limits of Islamist politics.Since then, Asad has published articles which touch on themes wediscussed (for example, the pair of 2015 essays in Critical Inquiry41:2 and 42:1), and a few other interviews have appeared in whichhe also reflects on his intellectual trajectory and methodologicalconsiderations (see in particular the interviews by Fadi Bardawiland by Basit Kareem Iqbal). Now, nearly six years later after theytook place, AJISS publishes an edited transcript of our 2012 conversations,both for their remarkable theoretical and biographicalcandor and for how, when read in relationship to the essays he haspublished since then, they make visible the development of a sustainedargument regarding “tradition” and the project of modernity ...
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Rowicka, Agnieszka. "Occupational stress and ways of coping with this phenomenon in the opinion of pedagogy students." Problemy Opiekuńczo-Wychowawcze 590, no. 5 (May 31, 2020): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1169.
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The increasing interest of scientists in the issue of occupational stress indicates that the phenomenon is becoming more and more widespread globally. Extensive research indicates that, due to the character of stress sources that contribute to occupational burnout, employees in the sector of social services are most likely to experience the syndrome. This sector of employees includes nurses, doctors, therapists, police officers and teachers. The current socio-political situation in our country – particularly the politicization of the educational system, the radical reforms that have led to additional obligations and responsibilities, the requirement of continuous skill enhancement and professional self-improvement – undoubtedly contribute to an increasing level of dissatisfaction amongst teachers. This article is devoted to qualitative research designed to learn the opinions of Pedagogy students on stress-inducing work factors in the teaching profession as well as ways of coping with organisational stress. The results of the research indicate that respondents identify work-related stress sources as various factors related to working environment, educational reform and the socio-political situation. These factors include teachers’ low social status and inadequate pay, changes introduced by the educational reform that imposed additional tasks and obligations, and resulted in a vague occupational role for teachers and job insecurity. Further stress-inducing factors include students’ behavioural issues and challenges, and lack of motivation to learn, as well as parents’ inappropriate approach, especially their demanding attitude, antipathy and a lack of cooperation between parents and schools. Other stress factors include work overload and bureaucracy, unfavourable working conditions and obstacles to professional growth and development. As far as stress-coping strategies are concerned, future teachers propose remedial actions such as searching for information and direct efforts to solve the problem satisfactorily. Moreover, they choose strategies designed to regulate emotions and tension. The results of the research instil optimism as the Pedagogy students are able to use adaptive coping strategies in the area of relations and mutual interpersonal communication between teachers and their students, which is particularly desirable in the teaching profession. What is more, the ability to relax and relieve stress helps a person to think rationally and deliver better-quality work, which is especially important in this socially valuable profession.
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DUMONT, PAUL. "Freemasonry in Turkey: a by-product of Western penetration." European Review 13, no. 3 (July 2005): 481–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106279870500058x.
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Towards the middle of the nineteenth century, various European Masonic obediences set up lodges throughout the Ottoman empire, many in Istanbul, while another important centre was Smyrna. Freemasons were also active in Lebanon, Syria, Egypt, Cyprus and Macedonia. Lodges were established in the main political, economic and cultural centres of the Empire. There was a strong parallelism between the Ottoman Masonic geography and that of European colonial expansion. It is easy to delineate the social and ethnic structure of lodges, but we know less about what was going on behind the walls of Masonic temples. For sure, Ottoman Freemasons, like their brethren in other parts of the world, when not busy with ‘table works’ or ceremonies, dedicated themselves to philanthropic activities. A considerable part of the annual income of the lodges was used to finance various charitable works (assistance to orphans, to brethren in distress …) and to fund educational institutions. The lodges were also places for the discussion and exchange of ideas about current themes: socialism, feminism, venereal diseases, progress of science, etc. Some mingled with politics, displaying a highly nationalistic discourse. The politicization of Ottoman/Turkish freemasonry climaxed during the years of the Young Turk revolution (1908–1914), when an autochthonous obedience was created. One of the goals of the new organization, coldly received by most European freemasonries, was to rid the Ottoman Empire of foreign penetration. After the proclamation of the Turkish Republic in 1923, this national freemasonry continued to flourish, except for 13 years between 1935 and 1948 when Masonic activity was banned.
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Yakupova, Dar'ya Viktorovna, and Roman Aleksandrovich Yakupov. "The Supply Crisis in the USSR in the Early 1970s: Mass Consciousness and Government Reaction." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 2 (February 2020): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2020.2.31589.
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The research subject of this study is the reciprocal influence of the problems of food supply and the social stability of the Soviet state with an analysis aiming to establish the relationship between the onset of the provision crisis and the massive politicization of economic processes in the USSR on the part of society during the examined period.The article is directed at studying the degree of impact the unfulfilled consumer expectations had on the social perception of power by the population of the Soviet Union during the agrarian crisis of the early 1970s.Particular attention is paid to the interaction between the government and society on questions of food supply, as well as the alleviation of the provision crisis through imports.The methodological basis of this work is founded on the basic principles of scientific knowledge - objectivity and historicism, which allowed the authors to study the evolution of the population's mass consciousness in a dialectical relationship with the era's phenomena. Upon implementing the above-mentioned principles, a number of both general scientific and specific historical research methods were applied (historical-situational, historical-comparative, historical-systemic, and statistical methods). The scientific novelty of this work is its attempt to reflect on the course of the socio-political development of the USSR under the influence of changing internal and external factors caused by the consumer crisis.The authors note that under difficult conditions, the authorities of the USSR and the CPSU Central Committee were forced to meet the social needs of the population in order to maintain a certain level of food provisions, as well as to support welfare. Evidence supports that increased social payments and higher wages in the early 1970s temporarily reduced the population's discontent with the Soviet political regime. The authors conclude that the concentration of the population’s attention on the low level of meeting their urgent needs was the basis of social inversion and the revision of the Soviet government approval index.
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Parfinenko, A. "“THE RUSSIAN WORLD” ON THE BUDVA RIVIERA: TOURISM AND FOREIGN POLICY PROCESS IN THE MONTENEGRO." Actual Problems of International Relations, no. 142 (2020): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2020.142.1.27-40.
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The article is devoted to the study of the role and place of tourism in the transformation of the foreign policy course of post-Yugoslavian Montenegro. The focus is on the impact of Russian tourism on key directions and foreign policy problems of the country. The work is based on the concept of transnationalism. Within this approach, global tourist flows are considered as a kind of transnational social space, in which the tourist is always an actor, performing various social actions related to interaction with the different environment. The publication reveals a historical retrospective of geopolitical presence of Russia in the Western Balkans. The cultural, investment and tourism components of Russia's influence on the social and political life of post-Yugoslavian Montenegro are highlighted. Principal indicators of tourism development in the country, the contribution of Russian tourism to the total volume of international tourist arrivals are investigated. Significant politicization of the tourist process in Montenegro is claimed. In mono-dependent on international tourism economy of Montenegro, tourism has influenced the politically-motivated rethinking of the traditions of relations with Serbia, Russia and the West. It has become a factor in the electoral struggle in the society and affected the transformation of Montenegro's geopolitical landmarks. The publication analyzes Russia's attempts to destabilize the country's political situation in the context of its accession to NATO. First of all, by exploiting Montenegro's dependence on Russian investment and tourist flows, the application of information warfare technologies. Culture and tourism are said to be an important component of the new concept of sovereignty, where demonstration of openness and a new European identity have underpinned Montenegro's geopolitical transformation – from the Balkans to the country that has come close to the EU. At the same time, Montenegro's example reflects the increasing political and economic importance of tourism in the world political processes and ensuring international political interaction.
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Weder, Franzisca, Denise Voci, and Nadja Christin Vogl. "(Lack of) Problematization of Water Supply Use and Abuse of Environmental Discourses and Natural Resource Related Claims in German, Austrian, Slovenian and Italian Media." Journal of Sustainable Development 12, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v12n1p39.
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The paper aims to trace back the environmental discourse on water supply and the risk of scarcity and to learn about media dealing with information about natural resources we cannot live without. Therefore, it presents a theoretical concept to identify the degree of problematization of resource related issues in the media and works out regularities of environmental discourses.
Design: The presented data of a quantitative as well as qualitative media content analysis (Nvivo) of newspaper articles (n = 1745) published in Central Europe (Italy, Slovenia, Austria and Germany) focuses on the arguments and frames used in relation to the issue of water supply. Based on a theoretical model of public debates and discourses on CSR, sustainability and environmental issues (Bourdieu, 1991; May et al., 2007; Weder, 2012a, 2012b; Castello et al., 2013; Weder, 2015a), the underlying assumption is that only a high degree of problematization (variety and counter activeness of arguments) in the media represents a public discourse.
Findings: The results show that the main water supply related sub issues debated in the media are water privatization and management. Media discourses about water as a natural resource are dominated by economic frames, in particular arguments of corporations (particularly in Italy) and political actors (particularly in Austria). Accordingly, the lack of controversy and counterarguments as well as the homogeneity of frames show that the issue of water allocation and the risk of scarcity is not problematized in the media.
Implications: Working with the theoretical assumption of a high degree of problematization as condition for public discourses, the qualitative evaluation shows a non-existence of an environmental discourse on resources and sustainable ways of water allocation and usage. This puts the phenomenon of politicization, when environmental discourses are drawn to and used by another (i.e. the political) field, up for discussion with an “abuse” of environmental claims for specific political and economic interests as worst-case scenario.
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Casas, Lorenzo González. "Territórios da política em Caracas: usos e representações do espaço público." Revista Brasileira de Estudos Urbanos e Regionais 6, no. 2 (November 30, 2004): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22296/2317-1529.2004v6n2p71.
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Os eventos políticos que tiveram lugar em Caracas desde meados do século XX acarretaram a aparição de formas inovadoras de utilização do espaço público e o desenvolvimento de territorialidades urbanas diferenciadas. A incorporação de grandes multidões à urbe, a luta pelos direitos de cidadania, o surgimento dos partidos políticos e outras formas de organização da sociedade e a transformação dos espaços públicos aos fins do debate político são alguns dos fenômenos que têm caracterizado a modernidade caraquenha. Com a crise do sistema democrático, a politização da vida cotidiana e a reformulação dos esquemas de participação política têm acentuado os processos de segregação espacial e provocado o surgimento de novos mapas de percepção da metrópole. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é examinar desde uma perspectiva histórica a evolução no uso e representação do espaço público utilizado para os fins da participação política, suas implicações para o planejamento urbano e a introdução em tempos recentes de novas cartografias urbanas por efeito de processos de mudança política, programas de descentralização governamental e debates patrimoniais.Palavras-chave: planejamento; política; espaço urbano; Caracas. Abstract: The political events that took place in Caracas from the middle of the 20th century have supposed the apparition of novel forms of utilization of the public space and the development of differentiated urban territorialities. The incorporation of large multitudes to the metropolis, the claim of civic rights, the apparition of political parties and other forms of social organization, and the transformation of public spaces for political debate, are some of the phenomena that have characterized the Caracas’ modernity. With the rise and crisis of the democratic system, the politicization of the everyday life as well as the re-formulation of the schemes of political participation have supposed an accentuation of the processes of spatial segregation and the development of new maps of urban perception. The main objective of this work is to examine, from a historic perspective, the evolution in the use and representation of the public space. It examines how space has been used for political participation, its effects on city and regional planning, and the introduction of new urban cartographies in the midst of political change, programs of governmental decentralization, and heritage debates.Keywords: planning; politics; urban space; Caracas.
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Marushchenko, Myroslava. "THE WAYS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN DOCTORS OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA IN CANADA AND DOCTORS IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN CHALLENGES." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 28 (2021): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2021.28.11.
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In the article, the current state of cooperation between Canadian Ukrainians and Ukrainian doctors analyzes. The urgency of modern challenges for cooperation is determined, in particular: pandemic restrictions due to the rapid spread of Covid-19 virus and a sharp restriction of direct professional contacts; the politicization of professional international cooperation in the conditions of Russian aggression; bureaucracy on the part of the management of medical institutions of Ukraine, unfinished state regulation of charitable organizations and international cooperation; insufficient development of charity in Ukraine. The activity of the main Cooperation programs between doctors Canadian Ukrainians and Ukrainian doctors is analyzed. The main focus of the article is on the analysis of the effectiveness of the Canadian-Ukrainian Pediatric Fellowship Program. The Medical Director of the Program is Professor James Rutka, and the Program Coordinator is Professor Myroslava Romach. The stages of organizing training meetings within the Program are indicated: planning and preparation for the meeting (goal setting and detailed planning); choice of locations, according to pre-thought-out criteria; the meeting itself (lectures and practical training, joint operations in 7 cities of Ukraine); further observation, assessment of the impact and results of the meeting, as well as planning of long-term cooperation. Analysis of the concrete results of cooperation is one of the most important stages of international cooperation, as it not only increases its efficiency but also ensures the targeted use of funds. It is determined that important factors that increase the effectiveness of interstate programs in the field of medicine are awareness of cooperation at the diplomatic level, coordinated cooperation at the local level, selection of reliable partners for cooperation, systematic contacts, activities, targeted, premeditated assistance, careful selection of applicants, changes in the means of communication in today's challenges. The work of the above-mentioned medical Ukraine Paediatric Fellowship Program can serve as an example of the organization of international cooperation in various directions of social and political life of modern Ukraine, and a guarantee of its high efficiency in clear strategic planning.
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Kohoutek, Jan, and Martin Nekola. "Politizace pracovníků ministerstev v České republice dle pracovních pozic: současná teorie a praxe." Sociální studia / Social Studies 13, no. 3 (July 1, 2016): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/soc2016-3-85.
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The article analyses perceptions of the nature and extent of politicization by officials at eleven ministries of the Czech Republic. The empirical part of the article is based on a large-N inquiry among ministerial officials that were divided into four groups (directors of section, directors of department, heads of division, rank-and-file officials) following their work position. From the theory perspective, the article builds upon two types of politicization – formal and functional – with the latter further subdivided into hidden and partisan politicization. Such theoretical assumptions help towards formulating six hypotheses verified with relation to the four work positions. The corresponding analysis of officials’ perceptions by position attests to a rather limited extent of the two main types of politicization with the exception of functional politicization of top management (director of section). Compared to the other three positions, directors of section show more proclivity to personal contacts (functional-hidden politicization) or to direct party political nomination (functional-partisan politicization). Unlike the conclusions of previous, largely expert or qualitative, inquiries, the officials’ perceptions generally point towards rather moderate politicization of the Czech ministries without excessive direct influence of political representatives.
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Gallyamov, Rushan R. "THE POLITICIZATION OF THE ISLAMIC UMMA IN RUSSIA: PROCESS ASSESSMENT, DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND OPTIMIZATION METHODS." ISSUES OF ETHNOPOLITICS, no. 1 (2020): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-7041-2020-1-53-65.
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The article considers the politicization of the Islamic Ummah in Russia in the post-Soviet period, from the point of view of analyzing the assessment of this process, identifying its main trends and proposed measures to optimize them. Despite the debatable nature of this issue in Russian science, the author comes to a clear conclusion about the politicization of the Islamic Ummah in Russia. The main trends and factors of politicization are considered, as well as the consequences of this process for Russian society. It is concluded that in order to optimize the main trends of politicization, it is necessary to provide for the implementation of changes to improve the system of Islamic education: both in the country as a whole and in its “Muslim” regions.
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Granberg, Magnus. "Manufacturing Dissent: Labor Conflict, Care Work, and the Politicization of Caring." Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.19154/njwls.v4i1.3556.
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The article analyzes the phenomenon of “politicization of caring,” observed in studies of nurse labor conflict, in the context of a small-scale episode of conflict at a Swedish hospital ward. Using analytical concepts drawn from work on the role of images of gendered ideal workers in management cultivation of consent, and the method of positioning analysis, it tries to identify the little researched discursive practices involved in the politicization of caring. Analysis of interviews with registered nurses, who took part in a conflict where some of them threatened to resign unless wages were raised and working conditions improved, shows a range of such strategies: including problematizing identities in nursing, expanding the context of caring work, using a discourse of professionalism, and redefining the interpellated image of nursing. Findings indicate that politicization thus has important effects on the gendering of nursing and the viability of neoliberal restructuring of healthcare work.
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Zürn, Michael, Martin Binder, and Matthias Ecker-Ehrhardt. "International authority and its politicization." International Theory 4, no. 1 (March 15, 2012): 69–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752971912000012.
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The article focuses on the politicization of international authority as a thus far little understood development in world politics. We first define the concept and show that there is an empirical trend towards politicization of international institutions. We then argue that the increasing authority of international institutions has led to their politicization and we relate this hypothesis to alternative explanations. The validity of the authority–politicization nexus is illustrated by the rise of international authority in parallel to politicization. We go on to distinguish different policy functions such as rule definition, monitoring, interpretation, and enforcement in order to show that especially those international institutions with a high level of authority meet with strong contestation of their competencies. We conclude the article by exploring various avenues for future politicization research.
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Matyukhin, A. "Left views on liberal protests in Russia (review of Osin's monograph «Left forces and spontaneous protest: history, lessons, modernity, prospects»)." Journal of Political Research 4, no. 4 (December 18, 2020): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-6295-2020-85-91.
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This review is an analysis of the monograph of Roman Osin, candidate of philosophy, associate Professor of the Department of fundamental legal and social-humanitarian disciplines at synergy University "Left forces and spontaneous protest: history, lessons, modernity, prospects". The monograph examines the political and socio-class nature of the mass protests of 2011-2013 from the perspective of Marxist methodology and tactics of the Russian left movement in them. The monograph is of interest both from the point of view of studying the protest and left-wing movements of the early 2010s, and from the point of view of the methodology for understanding the phenomenon of "color" revolutions in General. The author analyzes the social composition of the protesters, their political views, as well as the political forces of the protest and their tactics based on the empirical material of sociological research, as well as personal experience of participating in the ongoing processes. Based on the study, R.S. Osin concludes that the protest was generally "petty-bourgeois" in nature and could not lead to fundamental changes in the basis of society. At the same time, from the author's point of view, this protest was an important milestone in the development of the politicization of Russian society and could not fail to be a useful experience for Russian citizens. Analyzing the tactics of the left forces, R.S. Osin notes as a disadvantage the political and ideological inconsistency of many left-wing organizations, which benefited the liberal protest forces or the authorities. From the point of view Of R.S. Osin, the most correct tactic was the tactics of those organizations that simultaneously opposed the liberal and state-Patriotic forces, which in practice means participating in protests with their own independent agenda. In conclusion, R.S. Osin expresses his own point of view on the need for fundamental changes in society, reveals the concept of social and political revolutions, and also States the thesis that only the organized labor movement and other layers of workers can change the system of industrial relations in the country. Despite the obvious ideological color of the work and the use of exclusively Marxist methodology as the research base, R.S. Osin's monograph is of scientific interest and can be used to study the modern protest and left-wing movement.
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Krupar, Shiloh R. "Transnatural ethics: revisiting the nuclear cleanup of Rocky Flats, CO, through the queer ecology of Nuclia Waste." cultural geographies 19, no. 3 (May 24, 2012): 303–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474474011433756.
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This article explores the cleanup and conversion of former plutonium production facility Rocky Flats, located near Denver, Colorado, into a wildlife refuge. The article addresses the ethical demands of the ‘post-nuclear’ nature refuge and offers transnatural ethics and aesthetics in response, a relational ethics that seeks to take waste as inspiration. The article employs the performative persona of Denver-based drag queen comedienne Nuclia Waste to explore how transnatural ethical practice might figuratively reconstruct subjectivity in waste and develop a queer-ecology approach. The paper asks: what might the irreverent performances of a ‘radioactive’ drag queen open up, particularly for those living as the remains of the nuclear facility? Through detailed empirical analysis of the cleanup of Rocky Flats, the paper outlines the ethical framework historically employed at the site, which has relied upon and reproduced a waste/nature divide; the cleanup and management of the site have further naturalized this binarism. I argue that any effective response to such ongoing containment efforts requires a fundamental reorientation of environmental ethics toward waste. Drawing on ideas about ‘naturecultures’ and Donna Haraway’s work, Michel Foucault’s relational ethics, and the work of Éric Darier and Catriona Mortimer-Sandilands on ‘queer ecology,’ the article seeks to delineate an alternative: a relational ethics that recognizes and politicizes the permutation of waste and human, nature and waste. I utilize the digital performances and mutant drag of Nuclia Waste to revisit Rocky Flats and make broad connections between contamination and militarism, sexuality and the environment. The article speculates that experimental politicizations of subjectivity in waste might potentially foster coalitions between queer, labor, and environmental activisms.
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Bebbington, Anthony. "Social Movements and the Politicization of Chronic Poverty." Development and Change 38, no. 5 (September 2007): 793–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.2007.00434.x.
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Arsentyeva, I. I. "Political Discourse on China's Stigmatization in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic." MGIMO Review of International Relations 14, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 22–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2021-2-77-22-46.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increased interest in studying social stigma. The concept of stigma is also included in political discourse, as evidenced, among other things, by Xi Jinping’s speeches, in which the Chinese President urges to abandon further politicization and stigmatization of COVID-19. In this regard, the main aim of the article is to analyze the correlation between the novel coronavirus and stigmatization, not only from the traditional point of view (stigma associated with certain diseases), but also in terms of world politics. To explain the nature of social stigma, the author relies on evolutionary psychol- ogy, terror management theory and social identity theory. To analyze ongoing processes in international relations, some provisions of “rogue states” concept, leadership theories, and biopolitics are applied. The primary sources are documents of the World Health Organiza- tion (WHO) and the Group of Seven (G7), statements by UN and WHO officials, speeches of Chinese President Xi Jinping and US President Donald Trump, public opinion polls, and media publications. During the course of the study, the following scientific results were ob- tained: the works on COVID-19-related stigma have been systematized, the issues consid- ered in them and research gaps are highlighted; the consequences of stigma due the novel coronavirus have been summarized; some differences between stigma during the pandem- ic and stigma associated with other diseases are also identified; it is suggested to consider COVID-19 stigma not only at the level of interpersonal interactions, but also in international relations; the possible impact of the pandemic on the China’s role on the world stage has been revealed. It is concluded that this research approach allows to take a fresh look at the possibility of restoring ties between states and their citizens in a post-COVID-19 world, as well as to assess the likelihood of a change of global leader. In the final part of the article, possible ways of further development of the situation are predicted and prospects for study on the issue are outlined.
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Ahsan, Muhammad. "Politicization of bilateral aid and educational development in Pakistan." Educational Studies 31, no. 3 (September 2005): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03055690500237538.
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RYAN, DANIEL. "POLITICS AND CLIMATE CHANGE: EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLITICAL PARTIES AND CLIMATE ISSUES IN LATIN AMERICA." Ambiente & Sociedade 20, no. 3 (September 2017): 271–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asocex0007v2032017.
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Abstract This article explores the politicization of climate issues in the Latin American context. In other words, to what extent climate change is a relevant issue for political parties and coalitions. This is a key aspect to analyze in order to have a better understanding of the opportunities and obstacles that affect the development of the climate agenda in a given political system. Specifically, the article addresses three key issues. First, it analyses the patterns of politicization of the climate problem prevailing among mainstream political parties and coalitions in countries of the region. Second, it addresses what factors influence the level of politicization of the climate agenda in Latin America. Finally, it explores the consequences of a greater or lesser level of politicization.
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Li, Guoping, and Hong Zhou. "The Systematic Politicization of China’s Stock Markets." Journal of Contemporary China 25, no. 99 (January 28, 2016): 422–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10670564.2015.1104909.
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Gottwald, Joern-Carsten. "Europe and China: Convergence, Politicization and Assertiveness." East Asia 27, no. 1 (February 17, 2010): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12140-009-9103-2.
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Henry, Nicola. "Politicization of Sexual Violence: From Abolitionism to Peacekeeping." Gender & Development 19, no. 2 (July 2011): 339–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13552074.2011.592652.
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