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SCHIMMELFENNIG, FRANK. "International Socialization in the New Europe:." European Journal of International Relations 6, no. 1 (March 2000): 109–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354066100006001005.
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Just, Aida, and Christopher J. Anderson. "Immigrants, Citizenship and Political Action in Europe." British Journal of Political Science 42, no. 3 (November 8, 2011): 481–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123411000378.
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Little is known about how immigrants participate in politics and whether they transform political engagement in contemporary democracies. This study investigates whether citizenship (as opposed to being foreign-born) affects political and civic engagement beyond the voting booth. It is argued that citizenship should be understood as a resource that enhances participation and helps immigrants overcome socialization experiences that are inauspicious for political engagement. The analysis of the European Social Survey data collected in nineteen European democracies in 2002–03 reveals that citizenship has a positive impact on political participation. Moreover, citizenship is a particularly powerful determinant of un-institutionalized political action among individuals who were socialized in less democratic countries. These findings have important implications for debates over the definition of and access to citizenship in contemporary democracies.
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Hansen, Birthe, and Anders Wivel. "Europe in the American world order: balancing or socialization?" Cambridge Review of International Affairs 21, no. 3 (September 2008): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09557570802253369.
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Ringlerova, Zuzana. "Affective attachment to the EU: Questioning the importance of childhood socialization." European Union Politics 21, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 545–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465116520950833.
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In a time of rising Euroscepticism across Europe, diffuse support for the European Union (EU) is an especially important concept as it provides a source of stability for the EU. How important is childhood political socialization for the development of diffuse support? The extant literature emphasizes the role of childhood socialization. However, these studies are based on analyses that cannot fully distinguish between the cohort effect and the life-cycle effect. This study overcomes this limitation by looking at a more suitable case (the European Union) and by using a novel technique that effectively distinguishes the cohort effect from the life-cycle effect. The findings show that individuals who experienced early life political socialization in the EU have equal levels of diffuse support as individuals who grew up outside the EU. I thus argue that diffuse support develops through experience in adult life, and childhood political socialization is not essential for its development.
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Rumelili, Bahar. "Turkey: Identity, Foreign Policy, and Socialization in a Post‐Enlargement Europe." Journal of European Integration 33, no. 2 (March 2011): 235–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2011.543528.
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Shishkov, Yuri. "Differences between Integration in Eastern and Western Europe: Economic and Political Causes." Government and Opposition 24, no. 3 (July 1, 1989): 327–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1989.tb00726.x.
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SINCE THE 1950s, THERE HAS BEEN A GROWTH OF REGIONAL integration, not only in Europe, but in other continents too. It is based on a deep foundation: the ‘real socialization’ of production. This means that production is transformed from a process confined within narrow groups to an ever-widening social process, whereby the production or consumption of each individual depends to a growing extent on the production and consumption of all membersof the society, the limits of which are continuously expanding to mankind as a whole.
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Letki, Natalia. "Socialization for Participation? Trust, Membership, and Democratization in East-Central Europe." Political Research Quarterly 57, no. 4 (December 2004): 665–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106591290405700414.
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Moeller, Judith, and Claes de Vreese. "The differential role of the media as an agent of political socialization in Europe." European Journal of Communication 28, no. 3 (May 27, 2013): 309–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323113482447.
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Jelen, Ted G., and Clyde Wilcox. "Context and Conscience: The Catholic Church as an Agent of Political Socialization in Western Europe." Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 37, no. 1 (March 1998): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1388027.
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Legvold, Robert, and Alexandra I. Gheciu. "NATO in the "New Europe": The Politics of International Socialization after the Cold War." Foreign Affairs 85, no. 2 (2006): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20031951.
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Loveless, Matthew. "Understanding Media Socialization in Democratizing Countries: Mobilization and Malaise in Central and Eastern Europe." Comparative Politics 42, no. 4 (July 1, 2010): 457–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5129/001041510x12911363510114.
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Todorov, Antony, and Anna Krasteva. "Ethnic minorities and political representation: The case of Bulgaria." Southeastern Europe 35, no. 1 (2011): 8–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633311x545661.
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AbstractThe political representation of minority groups in Bulgaria is analyzed from three perspectives. The first relates to political socialization: the mechanisms of minority political preference, and their materialization into political behavior, mostly during elections or through party membership. The second relates to political actors' conduct towards minorities: their attitudes toward minority identities and the significance of minority representation in their practice. The third perspective relates to the institutional framework that politically regulates minority status. This third perspective raises questions of minimum representation, and the legal formalization of minority political parties. Bulgarian ethnic politics is analyzed regarding both the ethnic factors in constructing the political scene and the political factors in structuring the ethnic model. The present article questions the applicability of the distinction between the 'politics of ideas' and the 'politics of identities' to Southeastern Europe in general, and to Bulgaria in particular. This theoretical question is addressed through two empirical comparative analyses: the similarities and divergences of the minority management model in the Bulgarian Constitution and the one applied in the political practice, and the differences between minority representation in Bulgaria and in neighboring countries such as Romania.
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Loewenberg, Gerhard, William Mishler, and Howard Sanborn. "Developing attachments to new political institutions: a multi-level model of attitude formation in post-Communist Europe." European Political Science Review 2, no. 3 (November 2010): 475–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755773910000202.
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In America and Western Europe, legislatures preceded democratization and contributed to the establishment and maintenance of democratic regimes in the late 18th and the 19th centuries. In Central and Eastern Europe in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, legislatures and democratic regimes appeared simultaneously. In the first 15 years of post-Communist transitions in 12 countries, attachments to the new regimes have been influenced by their institutional structures, their economic performance, and their records in protecting human freedom, while attachment to the new parliaments have been predominantly influenced by cultural factors related to early life socialization including education, age, gender, social status, and attitudes toward the former communist regime. Attachment to parliament was a product more than a cause of attachment to the new regimes, but the parliamentary system of government created a context that contributed to citizens’ attachment to their new political institutions. In that respect, attitudes toward parliaments in Central and Eastern Europe played a role similar to the role that these attitudes played in an earlier stage of democratization in Europe and North America, the role of attaching citizens to new political institutions.
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Brown, Eleanor, Beatrice Szczepek Reed, Alistair Ross, Ian Davies, and Géraldine Bengsch. "Constructing Europe and the European Union via Education." Journal of Educational Media, Memory, and Society 11, no. 2 (September 1, 2019): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jemms.2019.110201.
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This article is based on an analysis of the treatment of the European Union in a sample of textbooks from Germany and England. Following contextual remarks about civic education (politische Bildung) in Germany and citizenship education in England and a review of young people’s views, we demonstrate that textbooks in Germany and in England largely mirror the prevailing political climate in each country regarding Europe. At the same time, the analysis reveals a disparity between the perspectives presented by the textbooks and young people’s views. The textbooks in Germany provide more detail and take a more open approach to Europe than those in England. Finally, we argue that the textbooks may be seen as contributing to a process of socialization rather than one of education when it comes to characterizations of Europe.
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MISHLER, WILLIAM, and RICHARD ROSE. "What Are the Origins of Political Trust?" Comparative Political Studies 34, no. 1 (February 2001): 30–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414001034001002.
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Popular trust in political institutions is vital to democracy, but in post-Communist countries, popular distrust for institutions is widespread, and prospects for generating increased political trust are uncertain given disagreements over its origins. Cultural theories emphasizing exogenous determinants of trust compete with institutional theories emphasizing endogenous influences, and both can be further differentiated into micro and macro variants. Competing hypotheses drawn from these theories are tested using data from 10 post-Communist countries in Eastern and Central Europe and the former Soviet Union. Aggregate data on economic and political performance are combined with survey data on interpersonal and political trust, political socialization experiences, and individual evaluations of national performance. Results strongly support the superiority of institutional explanations of the origins of political trust, especially micro-level explanations, while providing little support for either micro-cultural or macro-cultural explanations. This encourages cautious optimism about the potential for nurturing popular trust in new democratic institutions.
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SUVARIEROL, SEMIN, MADALINA BUSUIOC, and MARTIJN GROENLEER. "WORKING FOR EUROPE? SOCIALIZATION IN THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION AND AGENCIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION." Public Administration 91, no. 4 (April 18, 2013): 908–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9299.2012.02100.x.
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Sorokopud, Yunna Valeryevna, Yulia Zufarovna Bogdanova, and Nurgun Vyacheslavovich Afanasev. "The role of the intercultural factor in the formation of a secondary language personality in modern Europe." Personality & Society 1, no. 1 (May 26, 2020): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46502/issn.2712-8024/2020.1.4.
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Europe is one of those regions of the world where the tendency towards language unity is dual in nature - on the one hand, in the process of its spread, transnational contact English (EL) acquires regionally determined typological forms; on the other hand, there is a common European tendency of opposition to the expansion of its influence on national languages. Significant changes in their dynamics due to globalization are undergoing the functioning of the languages of the peoples of the world. Striving for the economic unity of the world, globalization is also causing a tendency towards its linguistic unity. In transnational communication of European countries, the contact EL is involved in many domestic and special areas. It develops in multilingual contexts of the European Union, which initially implies the need for transcultural and transnational communication among European communicants, within which the relationship of languages is not something fixed once and for all. The paradigm of international culture in the mentality of Europeans develops in the process of secondary socialization, when a secondary linguistic personality is formed, determined by the formal membership of the European community, regardless of the specific country of residence. The structure of the cultural component of the European transnational communication and the specificity of the linguocultural component of the EL in various European countries reflect the long process of secondary socialization and internalization of the EL, which has its own characteristics in different parts of the continent. In contrast to primary socialization, which has a universal national character, secondary socialization is aimed at the entry of the individual into the international community, for example, scientists, students, business people, bloggers, etc. Possession of EL as an instrument of secondary socialization allows representatives of various linguocultural communities to realize acquired cultural norms in both intranational and transnational communication. Within the spatial-temporal framework of European contexts, the linguocultural component of the ELis formed on the basis of the cultural component of primary socialization in the native language; passes through the emotional-personal filter of users, is made out of linguistic means at the appropriate level of knowledge of the EL and receives a secondary cultural orientation in the conditions of secondary socialization. The situation of intercultural communication arises when two or more persons belonging to different cultures interact, and members of different cultures can expect their partners to communicate and behave in the same way as they do, and not to make adjustments to their speech behavior. The paper raises questions of the vitality of culture in conditions of intensive contact, since identity in the context of globalization is a process of differentiation, fragmentation, and complementarity of systemic and subjective-objective factors. The complexity of the process of identifying a modern transcultural linguistic personality lies in the multidimensionality of identity criteria, the actualization of political, social, cultural and symbolic capital.
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van Bezouw, Maarten Johannes, Jojanneke van der Toorn, Ali Honari, and Arieke J. Rijken. "Antecedents and consequences of system justification among Iranian migrants in Western Europe." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 9, no. 2 (December 7, 2021): 637–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.5445.
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Seeing the sociopolitical system as fair and legitimate is important for people’s participation in civic duties, political action, and the functioning of society in general. However, little is known about when migrants, without life-long socialization in a certain system, justify the sociopolitical system of their host country and how system justification influences their political participation. We examined antecedents of system justification using a survey among Iranian migrants in eight European countries (N = 935). Subsequently, we examined the relationship between system justification and political participation intentions. We found that system justification beliefs are generally high in our sample, mainly stemming from an assessment of opportunity to achieve changes in intergroup relations. Stronger social identity threat, feeling disadvantaged, a longer residence in Europe, and perceived intergroup stability all relate to less system justification. Conversely, stronger efficacy beliefs bolster system justification. Furthermore, we found some support for a curvilinear relationship between system justification and political participation intentions, but the size of this effect is small. The results show that the high levels of system justification of Iranian migrants are at risk when discrimination and disadvantage are perceived to be stable facets of society. Surprisingly, political participation to better Iranian migrants’ societal position is barely affected by system justification. We discuss implications and further research that can increase understanding of system justification among migrants.
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Sakki, Inari. "Raising European citizens: Constructing European identities in French and English textbooks." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 4, no. 1 (June 29, 2016): 444–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v4i1.350.
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Schools play a pivotal role in the formation of identities and in the political socialization of youth. This study explores the social representations of European integration in French and English school textbooks and shows how the social representations are discursively used to construct national and European identities. By analysing the history and civics textbooks of major educational publishers, this study aims to demonstrate how European integration is understood, made familiar and concretized in the school textbooks of the two influential but different European countries. The findings suggest some shared and some diverse patterns in the way the two European countries portray and construct the political project of European integration. These representations, constructed around French Europe in French textbooks and ambivalent Europe in English textbooks, share the images of a strong European economy and a French-led political Europe. However, they position themselves differently with respect to the United States, motivation for the European unification process and the significance of common values and heritage. In both countries textbooks draw upon memories that are important for group identity. While the French textbooks make European integration meaningful in reference to a shared post-war collective memory and to a cultural memory based on a more ancient idea of Europe, shared values and heritage, the English textbooks anchor it more strongly to domestic policy.
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Erk, Jan. "Is Age the New Class? Economic Crisis and Demographics in European Politics." Critical Sociology 43, no. 1 (July 28, 2016): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920515603109.
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As the crisis turns into long-term economic downturn, younger age-groups in Europe seem to be hit with higher levels of unemployment while the welfare state is steadily shrinking. The young have suddenly become a social group united by collective material interests, but does this translate into a sense of a collective political interest? The paper examines to what extent the dominant class-based social science of the post-war years can help us understand the politics of age-groups. The analysis highlights four changes since post-war years: the workplace has changed, impacting socialization; modern media has changed, impacting mobilization; the political landscape is fairly institutionalized, tempering the possibilities for new political concerns to find voice; and those who would define and articulate the political priorities of the young are leaving the Old Continent.
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Ayoub, Phillip M. "Cooperative transnationalism in contemporary Europe: Europeanization and political opportunities for LGBT mobilization in the European Union." European Political Science Review 5, no. 2 (August 1, 2012): 279–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755773912000161.
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This article builds on previous research on Europeanization and political opportunity structures (POS) for mobilization, to explore the processes of transnational LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender) mobilization in the European Union (EU). In the case of LGBT activism, European integration affects contentious politics by altering POS – both vertically and horizontally – for mobilization and changing the tactics of LGBT activism. Using the cases of Germany and Poland to trace cross-border connections between norm entrepreneur and target state, the findings suggest that LGBT activism relies on transnational resources – primarily, social spaces and organizational capacity – that are scarce in many member states but readily available in others. These horizontal opportunities among member states, alongside top-down vertical ones provided by Brussels, serve as mobilizing structures that bring together distinct groups of international actors. Europeanization also alters the tactics that transnational actors use when engaging with authorities in the target state. Employing socialization mechanisms that highlight appropriate behavior, actors tactically frame their demands in a European discourse by associating the issue of LGBT acceptance with democratic responsibilities as members of the EU community.
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Sabirova, M., A. Ermekova, and Zh Abdullaeva. "Phenomenological Analysis of Personality Socialization in the Process of Social Education." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 11 (November 15, 2021): 296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/72/37.
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Research relevance: the article examines the ways of a person’s entry into society at different levels of development of society, the development of philosophical, psychological, pedagogical and technological sciences. Such problems are realized through a deep understanding of the concepts of ‘socialization’, ‘social education’, social studies and personality formation. Research objectives: it is necessary to determine the inclusion of younger generation in public life, social and industrial activities, their formation as human beings, the study of pedagogical practice, the specific socio-cultural situation in the country, regional conditions, as well as the principles of self-realization and self-development. Research materials and methods: the works of famous sociologists, political scientists, psychologists and educators who made a significant contribution to the development of the theory of socialization were described that arose in the West in the middle of the twentieth century such as B. Kukartz, K. Langton, K. Mollen-Hauer, T. Parsons and R. Pring. Research results: in the second half of the twentieth century, the concept of government-social (civic) education in Western Europe received priority development. Such information as social partnership and constructive “concepts of education in the spirit of distrust of the authorities” are reflected. Conclusions: on the basis of above, the content, methods and forms of social education analyses were made.
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Meyer-Sahling, Jan-Hinrik, Will Lowe, and Christian van Stolk. "Silent professionalization: EU integration and the professional socialization of public officials in Central and Eastern Europe." European Union Politics 17, no. 1 (October 21, 2015): 162–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465116515608270.
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CRONIN, BRUCE. "CREATING STABILITY IN THE NEW EUROPE: THE OSCE HIGH COMMISSIONER ON NATIONAL MINORITIES AND THE SOCIALIZATION OF RISKY STATES." Security Studies 12, no. 1 (October 1, 2002): 132–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0963-640291906762.
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Denca, Sorin Stefan. "Europeanization of Foreign Policy: Empirical Findings From Hungary, Romania and Slovakia." Journal of Contemporary European Research 5, no. 3 (November 6, 2009): 389–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.30950/jcer.v5i3.132.
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This article discusses the influence of the process of European integration on the foreign policy-making in the new member states from Central and Eastern Europe, using as case-studies Hungary, Romania and Slovakia. The impact of the integration process is examined from an institutionalist perspective. The paper is especially interested in the institutional change of the coordination of foreign policy-making at both national and European levels, and on the process of learning and socialization of national representatives participating and interacting with the EU system of foreign policy. The impact of European integration is contrasted with the role of domestic factors in shaping institutions and process. The limits of Europeanization of foreign policy-making are identified.
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Jezierska, Katarzyna. "Moral Blueprint or Neoliberal Gobbledygook?" East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 29, no. 4 (October 6, 2014): 831–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325414551166.
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Poland is often pointed to as the regional leader of transition processes with regard to the development and sustainability of civil society. This article presents a critical perspective on the direction in which Polish civil society has evolved after 1989. The author reconstructs existing frames of civil society within Polish elite NGO discourse and argues that one specific understanding of civil society—civil society as third sector/service provision—has gained a hegemonic position, marginalizing other conceptions and thus other functions of civil society. Civil society as moral blueprint, civil society as control power, and civil society as neoliberal gobbledygook are identified as coexisting, potentially counter-hegemonic frames. Thus, the quasi-public function, that is, providing services that the state does not, has become the dominant understanding of civil society suppressing its socialization and political functions, once so prominent in Central and Eastern Europe.
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Chira, Gabriela E. "International Socialization in Europe: European Organizations, Political Conditionality and Democratic Change, Frank Schimmelfenning, Stefan Engert and Heiko Knobel, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006, pp. 320." Canadian Journal of Political Science 41, no. 4 (December 2008): 1031–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423908081195.
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Stoilova, Rumiana, Petya Ilieva-Trichkova, and Franziska Bieri. "Work–life balance in Europe: institutional contexts and individual factors." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 40, no. 3/4 (March 23, 2020): 366–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-08-2019-0152.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how individual and macro-level factors shape the work–life balance of young men and women across European countries.Design/methodology/approachThe paper combines macro-level data from the official statistics with individual-level data from the Work, Family and Wellbeing (2010/2011) module of the European Social Survey. The study uses multilevel modelling to explore the factors which shape the work–life balance of men and women aged 15–34 across 24 European countries.FindingsThe findings show both differences and similarities between young men and women in how education shapes work–life balance. Higher education increases the likelihood of considering work–life balance as important in work selection for men, while lower education decreases the odds of considering this balance for women. More education is associated with lower acceptance of the traditional norm, for both men and women, and less time spent on housework. Higher share of family benefits decreases the importance of work–life balance, more so for men than for women. Work–life balance is more important for men living in conservative, Mediterranean and post-socialist welfare regimes compared to those from social-democratic regimes.Social implicationsThe policy implications are to more closely consider education in the transformation of gender-sensitive norms during earlier stages of child socialization and to design more holistic policy measures which address the multitude of barriers individuals from poor families and ethnic/migrant background face.Originality/valueThe study contributes to existing literature by applying the capability approach to the empirical investigation of work–life balance. The analytical model contains three dimensions – norms about paid/unpaid work, considering work–life balance in the choice of employment and time spent on unpaid work. Through this approach, we are able to uncover the agency inequality of young people taking into account individual level characteristics, including gender, education, ethnicity and macro-level factors.
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Lenz, Tobias. "EU normative power and regionalism: Ideational diffusion and its limits." Cooperation and Conflict 48, no. 2 (June 2013): 211–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836713485539.
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The ideational impact captured by Manners’s notion of normative power Europe (NPE) appears most distinct and potentially most consequential in the realm of regionalism. However, empirical research on the topic has been hampered by the focus on EU actorness and methodological difficulties. Drawing on diffusion theory, this article develops conceptual, theoretical and methodological foundations for conceiving NPE as ideational diffusion. It argues that Europe’s ideational influence on regionalism can be fruitfully understood as the largely indirect process by which the EU experience travels to other regions through socialization and emulation. Yet, as structural conditions vary across regions, EU ideational diffusion rarely leads to similar or even comparable institutional practices and outcomes. A choice-orientated approach is proposed for examining these claims empirically, which focuses on specifying the underlying counterfactual: political decisions in regionalism would have been different in the absence of the EU. The article concludes by outlining the analytical and normative promise of the proposed recasting of Manners’s original concept.
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Gaborit, Maxime. "Disobeying in Time of Disaster: Radicalism in the French Climate Mobilizations." Youth and Globalization 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 232–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25895745-02020006.
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Abstract Since 2018, climate mobilizations have been shaping political life in Europe. Young people are at the heart of this mobilization, both because of their massive nationwide presence in intergenerational demonstrations, but also because of their own modes of action, such as the climate strikes that have been emerging since January 2019. Within these mobilizations, forms of radicalism are expressed through an important support for civil disobedience, such as blocking actions, as well as support – for a significant part of protestors – for material damage. This paper analyzes the new forms of youth radicalism in their link to the social determinations of the awareness of the climate catastrophe. Based on a demonstration survey concerning three French cities for the strike of March 15, 2019, and in Paris for the strike of September 20th, which collected more than 1,800 questionnaires, this paper sets out to show the sociological profiles of radical individuals, which distinguish themselves by significant cultural capital and left-wing familial political socialization. The exploitation of the data collected shows that these new forms of radicalism are conditioned by an awareness of the climate emergency, deeply linked to family legacies and specific academic curricula. The radicalization of inherited dispositions leads these individuals to go beyond the legality/illegality framework, and to favor a debate on the effectiveness of the means of action, in which the link with conventional democratic participation is constantly questioned.
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Erman, Jeylan. "Cohort, Policy, and Process: The Implications for Migrant Fertility in West Germany." Demography 59, no. 1 (December 13, 2021): 221–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00703370-9629146.
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Abstract Although a growing literature explores the relationship between migration and fertility, far less scholarship has examined how migrant childbearing varies over time, including across migrant cohorts. I extend previous research by exploring migrant-cohort differences in fertility and the role of changing composition by education and type of family migration. Using 1984–2016 German Socio-Economic Panel data, I investigate the transition into first, second, and third birth among foreign-born women in West Germany. Results from an event-history analysis reveal that education and type of family migration—including marriage migration and family reunions—contribute to differences in first birth across migrant cohorts. Specifically, more rapid entry into first birth among recent migrants from Turkey stems from a greater representation of marriage migrants across arrival cohorts, while increasing education is associated with reduced first birth propensities among recent migrants from Southern Europe. I also find variation in the risk of higher parity transitions across migrant cohorts, particularly lower third birth risks among recent arrivals from Turkey, likely a result of changing exposures within origin and destination contexts. These findings suggest that as political and socioeconomic circumstances vary within origin and destination contexts, selection, adaptation, and socialization processes jointly shape childbearing behavior.
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Matonytė, Irmina, Gabrielė Bernatavičiūtė, and Gintaras Šumskas. "The Dynamics of Europeanness of Lithuania’s Media Elite (2008–2015)." Žurnalistikos Tyrimai 10 (May 22, 2017): 21–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/zt/jr.2016.10.10697.
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This article presents insights about Lithuania’s media elite, gained during research carried out on the basis of a complex Europeanness model, developed by Heinrich Best (Best 2012: 208-233). Data describing Lithuania’s media elite are analyzed with reference to three dimensions or facets, identified in the original model of Europeanness: emotive, cognitive-evaluative and projective-conative. However, the list of variables examined in the study is considerably longer as compared to the initial static model offered by Best, and the analysis is much more detailed. This comparative study is aimed at identifying and describing the evolution of emotive identification of Lithuania’s media elite with Europe in terms of the objective and judging approach of the EU in the period from 2008 to 2015. Results of the research revealed a clear trend that Lithuania’s media elite have been becoming European. It was noticed that it tends to increasingly associate itself emotionally with Europe. Besides, the number of representatives of this elite group that assesses the common EU governance negatively (when the EU’s common foreign policy in respect of countries found beyond the EU borders is becoming increasingly accepted) has been consistently decreasing and the trust in the EU institutions has been enhancing. Looking to the future, the representatives of Lithuania’s media elite tend to assess the EU prospects in the medium-term and long-term (10 years) optimistically. They also hold the view that 10 years later the EU, as a geopolitical, political and economic entity will be stronger, and that both social and economic differences among the EU member states will not be so sharp. Euroscepticism is seen not only on the cultural plane. Correlation analysis has revealed that young age (people under 40) and an intensive socialization in the EU networks (constant communication with the EU partners) determine that Lithuania’s media elite have been becoming European.
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Piskała, Kamil. "Poza marksizm. Hendrik de Man, „planizm” lat trzydziestych i przemiany europejskiej socjaldemokracji." Polish Biographical Studies 1, no. 9 (December 31, 2021): 253–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/pbs.2021.10.
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Interwar period in history of European Social Democracy was a time of great hopes, but also huge, even dramatic failures. However, in the following article I argue that two decades between world wars (especially the 1930s) were a time of deep ideological reassessment in major European Social Democratic parties too. Inspired by Tommaso Milani’s work „Hendrik de Man and Social Democracy. The Idea of Planning in Western Europe, 1914-1940”, I try to present a portrait of Hendrik de Man, one of the most original, but also the most controversial, thinker of interwar Social Democracy. At first, I closely studied the intellectual roots of de Man’s „planism” – agenda, which was to be the ground-breaking answer for the deep political crisis of Social Democracy in the first half of the 1930s. De Man’s „Plan of Labour” (Le Plan du Travail) was a package of structural reforms, which should – according to de Man himself – boost economic growth in the short term, but also create firm foundations for the planned economy in the long term. In contrast to the Marxist orthodoxy, de Man believed that socialization of already monopolized heavy industry and state control over the banking sector are sufficient conditions for an effective planned economy. Furthermore, „Plan of Labour” propaganda campaign was to inflame enthusiasm among the working-class constituency of the Belgian Social Democracy and attract potential new, non-proletarian supporters. De Man’s „planism” in the middle of the 1930s aroused interest among socialists and social democrats in the whole Europe. Despite of the anathema caused by de Man’s collaboration with Nazis during World War II, the sole idea of „planism” represents important episode in intellectual history of Social Democracy and might be perceived as an early symptom of the evolution, which led to rejection of the Marxism and adoption of capitalist welfare state model after World War II.
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Prosyukova, Ksenia O. "The Ethics of the Syrian Migration Crisis." Intercultural Relations 4, no. 2(10) (October 28, 2021): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/rm.02.2021.10.05.
Full textAbstract:
The Syrian migration crisis is one of the biggest social crises of the modern era. This is evidenced by the geographical spread of the consequences, the number of refugees in each of the host countries and other bare statistics. In the context of this crisis, the governments of the host countries are making efforts to solve many problems related to the political status of refugees, their psychological adaptation to new surroundings, economic challenges for the host countries, along with issues connected with the integration and socialization of migrants. However, not many of us think about the ethical side of the migration process. Moreover, sometimes such aspects as the violation of human rights, confrontation between the ethical principles of Islam and the secular culture of Europe, and confrontation between Christian and Islamic values are simply ignored. Nevertheless, all these “inconvenient” topics are breeding grounds for concentrating misunderstandings and developing zero tolerance towards migrants, and which have an impact on the overall outcome. The migration crisis is not a temporary “inconvenience,” not a desperate measure, it is a process of transformation of European society. We consider this process as a social evolution that can be in the best interest of all participants. However, this process is impossible without reaching a compromise on ethical issues. This article is devoted to examining the ethical dilemma of the migration crisis and finding ways of solving it.
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Efimov, D. B. "RESEARCH OF STUDENT REPRESENTATION BODIES IN UNIVERSITIES: CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS." University Management: Practice and Analysis 24, no. 3 (2020): 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/umpa.2020.03.029.
Full textAbstract:
This article aims to present a critical and reflective analysis of modern practices of the student representation bodies that have institutional influence on decision-making of universities or the government. The article first describes different traditions of understanding student representation in the context of student politics and its links with student activism, political socialization, elections. Then we consider different approaches to understanding of student representation as a part of a higher education system (types and forms of interaction between students, on the one hand, and universities and governments, on the other hand). Finally, traditions of researching the practices of student representative bodies in different groups of countries (Anglo-Saxon countries, developing countries of Global South, and continental Europe) are discussed. The following section contains a critical analysis of the current research of student representation, its advantages (developed conceptual framework and limited geographic traditions of qualitative research as well as connection with political science in the electoral context) and disadvantages (insufficient empirical, positivistic focus; uneven geographical prevalence; lack of research focus on the «frontier» of the concepts of student representation and student activism). Then potential future areas of research are outlined, including the diversification of methodology (empirical quantitative methods) and geographical coverage (the post-Soviet space and key countries of East Asia) as well as refinements of the theoretical apparatus and a more detailed consideration of the connection between the practices of student representation and student activism. The originality and value of the article lies in the fact that despite the gradual increase in the popularity of student representation as a research topic in the last two decades, this topic remains largely underexplored in Russia, and the novel conceptual and methodological approaches proposed in this article should spur further studies.
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Nadezhdin, A. E. "ПРОБЛЕМА ИСЛАМИЗАЦИИ ГЕРМАНСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВА В КОНТЕКСТЕ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ МИГРАЦИОННЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ." Konfliktologia 13, no. 2 (June 6, 2018): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.31312/2310-6085-2018-13-2-104-118.
Full textAbstract:
This article deals with the process of Islamisation in Western Europe, particularly in Germany taking into account the current domestic situation and the changes it has undergone. Muslim population growth and the fight for their rights, reconstruction of their native country elements (building mosques, wearing religious attire, conducting religious worship) or the voluntary refusal to adapt to the recipient society contribute greatly to segregation and growth of tensions between the local “majority” and the “minority” of newcomers. It has been noted that if state institutions don’t have the capacity to resolve the problems linked to Islamisation (enclavisation, ghettoisation, criminalization etc.), the recipient society starts to generate its own ways of tackling these issues. Such situations lead to internal conflicts between the authorities and the public and reshape the existing political landscape. Within the context of these circumstances, such groups as “PEGIDA” and the electoral success of the “Alternative for Germany” party are of particular interest. The article also provides a characteristic of the main Germany-based Muslim social organizations underscoring the radical and extremist ones whose members could potentially be involved in terrorist activities. Special attention is paid to The migrant crisis of 2015-2016, that has exposed the existing drawbacks of the German integration, socialization and adaptation policy targeted at migrants with Muslim background. The crisis and the subsequent criminal offences have highlighted the need to revise the existing national security strategy in view of the new threats and challenges as well as to harmonize the basics of intercultural and interreligious dialogue within the society of “guiding German culture”.
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Nadezhdin, A. E. "ПРОБЛЕМА ИСЛАМИЗАЦИИ ГЕРМАНСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВА В КОНТЕКСТЕ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ МИГРАЦИОННЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ." Konfliktologia 13, no. 2 (June 6, 2018): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31312/2310-6085-2018-13-2-94-108.
Full textAbstract:
This article deals with the process of Islamisation in Western Europe, particularly in Germany taking into account the current domestic situation and the changes it has undergone. Muslim population growth and the fight for their rights, reconstruction of their native country elements (building mosques, wearing religious attire, conducting religious worship) or the voluntary refusal to adapt to the recipient society contribute greatly to segregation and growth of tensions between the local “majority” and the “minority” of newcomers. It has been noted that if state institutions don’t have the capacity to resolve the problems linked to Islamisation (enclavisation, ghettoisation, criminalization etc.), the recipient society starts to generate its own ways of tackling these issues. Such situations lead to internal conflicts between the authorities and the public and reshape the existing political landscape. Within the context of these circumstances, such groups as “PEGIDA” and the electoral success of the “Alternative for Germany” party are of particular interest. The article also provides a characteristic of the main Germany-based Muslim social organizations underscoring the radical and extremist ones whose members could potentially be involved in terrorist activities. Special attention is paid to The migrant crisis of 2015-2016, that has exposed the existing drawbacks of the German integration, socialization and adaptation policy targeted at migrants with Muslim background. The crisis and the subsequent criminal offences have highlighted the need to revise the existing national security strategy in view of the new threats and challenges as well as to harmonize the basics of intercultural and interreligious dialogue within the society of “guiding German culture”.
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Jiroutová Kynčlová, Tereza. "Postkoloniální, dekoloniální a genderové paralely v možnostech reprezentace ženství a tzv. druhých." Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae – Historia 75, no. 1-2 (2022): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/amnph.2021.003.
Full textAbstract:
Intersectional perspectives in postcolonial theories and gender studies have long argued that femininity represented in museums and exhibitions is subjected to multiple forms of othering. 1) Acquired social modes of looking at artifacts, women and/or Others correlate with androcentric male gaze that passivizes the object being looked at. 2) Women’s social roles in binary androcentric system further render femininity and feminine activities as associated with passivity. Thus, reproduction, care, and socialization as women’s tasks are symbolically relegated to domestic, immanent sphere as a type of work that merely maintains the continuity of a society’s life. 3) In traditional patriarchal schemes, then, transcendental masculine activity is linked with political, economic, scientific, and decision-making realms that are socially constructed as more influential and significant factors in shaping history, thereby being viewed as more worthy of remembering and recording. 4) Representations of minorities in terms of their gender, racial, class, sexual and/or indigenous identities in institutions safeguarding knowledge and historical memory take place in a pre-defined and pre-mediated context shaped by Euro-centric, Judeo-Christian, orientalist epistemologies, which inherently relate knowledge to power and objectification. Tackling such a value system and epistemological bias posits a major challenge for today’s museums, institutions of memory and educational approaches. The following article follows suit in discussing the theoretical and practical potentials of decolonial methodologies which have been formulated from bellow by (formerly) othered, gendered, racialized and objectified positions. The text seeks to demonstrate some of the opportunities this standpoint offers in analyzing a case of (more or less) good practice in the American Museum of Natural History in its attempt to contrast historical narratives pertaining to early European settlements in what is now New York City. Further, elaborating on the tradition of quilting in the U.S., human zoos and exhibits of the Berlin Wall beyond Europe, the article argues for nuanced contextualization and intersectional methods in current musem work.
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Goodwin, A. Lin. "Curriculum as Colonizer: (Asian) American Education in the Current U.S. Context." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 112, no. 12 (December 2010): 3102–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811011201201.
Full textAbstract:
Background/Context The United States is currently undergoing a period of unprecedented immigration, with the majority of new arrivals coming from Asia and Latin America, not Europe. Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (APIs) represent the fastest growing racial group in the United States, and schools are again being asked to socialize newcomer students, many of whom are APIs. Yet, even as the United States becomes more racially diverse, the national mindset regarding immigrants and immigration ranges from ambivalent to increasingly (and currently) hostile, and is often contradictory. “American” typically is imagined as “White,” and perceptions of APIs and people of color as “other” remain cemented in our collective psyche. It is this sociohistorical-political context that frames the education and socialization of Asian American citizens, immigrants, and their children. Objective/Focus As APIs are absorbed into the fabric of society, how will they define themselves? How will they be defined? This article begins by deconstructing the social category Asian and Pacific Islander in order to reveal the immense diversity contained under this label. The discussion illuminates both the horizontal diversity of APIs—differences between ethnic groups, and vertical diversity—differences within ethnic groups, to underscore the insufficiency of the API label. Against the diverse backdrop that APIs truly (re)present, (Asian) American education framed by three curricular contexts in the United States—the major reforms of the 2001 No Child Left Behind Act, culturally relevant pedagogy, and the “model minority” mythology—is theorized using postcolonial theory as an analytic lens. The article concludes with thoughts on how APIs can resist domination and what might be sites of resistance in schools or society. Research Design This is an analytic essay that examines both historical and contemporary educational and policy contexts. Conclusions/Recommendations Curriculum, defined not simply as subject matter content and instructional procedures, but as a tool of acculturation and a depository of (U.S.) national and cultural values, has the power to emancipate or colonize. Each of the three curricular contexts in the United States—the major reforms of the No Child Left Behind Act, culturally relevant pedagogy, and the “model minority” mythology—exemplify the role Curriculum plays in defining, silencing, and/or marginalizing APIs. Imagined sites of resistance against Curriculum as colonizer include this very page, where one voice deliberately pushes back against the obfuscation of fixed realities layered onto people of Asian descent in the United States, the reexamination and revision(ing) of teacher preparation curricula, and the larger policy arena.
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Naumik-Gladka, Kateryna G., Оlena V. Ptashchenko, Irakliy N. Imnadze, and Оleksandr M. Rоzumnyy. "СУЧАСНІ ВИКЛИКИ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ ТА НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ." Journal of Strategic Economic Research, no. 4 (January 10, 2022): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/2786-5398.2021.4.5.
Full textAbstract:
The article provides insights into the modern aspects and challenges of economic globalization that triggers a fundamental change in the world economic order, as well as demonstrates the emergence of a new global economic culture, a new type of economic consciousness and a new type of international relations. In this context, exploring globalization processes and identifying their patterns seems especially relevant. The study reveals that within on-going globalization settings, the scale of international economic relations demonstrates a rapidly growing trend, the number of their immediate participants is increasing, the forms of these relationships are being updated and getting more complicated. It is observed that in the vulnerable market economic environment with intensified international competition there are more and more common issues to be addressed by joint efforts in searching for effective solutions, moreover, there are certain conflicts arising that can be resolved only at the regional and multilateral levels. A special emphasis is put on the need to integrate collective efforts of international organizations and forums through economic diplomacy which will contribute to finding the best compromise between governments to meet the interests of all or most of stakeholders in the world community, for many countries this will mean to benefit from international mechanisms and procedures, and reducing adverse effects from TNC activities to engross the advantages of globalization. The study findings have verified that from international economic relations perspectives, among fundamental reasons behind business globalization are the advances in computer and communication technology which exchanging of ideas and information between different countries, expand consumer awareness of foreign-made products. The study also demonstrates how cable systems in Europe and Asia facilitate firms in many countries to shape simultaneously both regional and sometimes global demand, and global communication networks allow them coordinating production and aligning common goals worldwide while companies located in different parts of the world produce the same end product. It is argued that reducing customs barriers to investment and trade by the vast majority of governments proves effective in launching in new markets for international export companies that offer opportunities and capacities for local producers. Apart from the above, the study has traced a trend towards unification and socialization of the global community. In particular, it is observed that continuous changes in the governance paradigm as well as in the international environment impose an integrated effect upon social, political and mental aspects of national interests. It is concluded that building a conceptual framework of national and international interests is a complex and long-term process influenced by geopolitical, economic, socio-cultural and psychological factors, being adjusted through the system of social values and reflected in research studies and manifestations of collective consciousness. From this perspective, the key aspects of national and international security have been explored.
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Lipich, Liudmyla Mikhailovna. "Family and family values in the conditions of transformation of tradishional social institutes." Religious Freedom, no. 21 (December 21, 2018): 19–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/rs.2018.21.1248.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the transformation of the institute of family and family values in the conditions of globalization of the neoliberal type. The purpose of the article is to describe the process of reinstitualisation of a traditional family into a nontraditional one and the relevant changes of family values.
Specifies that understanding the social necessity of the family as a social group in order to meet the needs of society in the physical and spiritual reproduction of the population is not a sociological, but a demographic characteristic. The necessity to distinguish the social function of the family from the demographic is substantiated. The first is to recreate the social structure and socialization, and the second - in the reproduction of the population. The article compares the information of Eurostat and World Values Survey 2017 with the results of all-Ukrainian sociological research conducted from July to August 2017 by the Center for Independent Sociological Research «Omega», commissioned by the Ministry of Youth and Sport of Ukraine, «Youth of Ukraine – 2017» and «Ukrainian Generation Z. Values and Landmarks» –by GfK Ukraine, commissioned by the New Europe Center. As a result of the comparison, the following conclusions are made: the transformation of the family institution in Ukrainian society slowly reflects pan-European tendencies. But if for Ukraine this can be considered as a trend, then for European countries - as a natural process, during which there were significant mental changes. It is noted that the transformation of family values should be considered in the context of relevant legislative initiatives that are associated with the process of re-institutionalization of family relations. It is emphasized that the traditional institute of the family is based on natural-historical laws, in accordance with which family policy is built up.
On the basis of an analysis of the reasons for the transformation of the traditional family institution into untraditional one, described in the well-known bestseller of the American sociologist and futurist E. Toffler, "The shock of the future" (Future shock, 1970), an attempt was made to justify the role of state policy in the process of deinstitutionalisation and reinstitutionalization of the family . It turns out that the main reason for the emergence of a non-traditional institute is the increase in state spending in support of the traditional family. This circumstance is interpreted as a loss to be reduced. A married man has to support a family, not a married one, only himself. If somebody allows to stay in extra-marriage, crippling and disorderly sexual relationships, including the same-sex, the family institution loses its meaning, and the economic damage should be greatly reduced. The social energy of individuals begins to be spent not on the solving of social problems arised at the junction of intergroup relations, but in searching of a sexual partner and the protection of the right of free searching. Freudian sublimation begins to act here as a protective mechanism for the removal of internal energy, which is generated in support of the social injustice of the existing social system, but redirects to the achievement of the right to freedom in choosing a sexual partner.
Consequently, sublimation is transformed from sexual to sexual-legal-political type.
It is determined that the formation of the emancipative system of values in the modern Ukrainian society takes place under the influence of a number of factors of globalization, state-political, socio-cultural character. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the Ukrainian youth, according to all-Ukrainian sociological research, prefers the socio-cultural significance of the family and traditional family values.
The results of the study can be implemented in courses of sociological disciplines and the deployment of new areas of sociological research.
Foreseeable assumptions about the development of the research object are finding the best ways to preserve traditional family values and the family's institutes in the modern society.
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Кючуков, Хрісто, and Сава Самуїлов. "Language Use and Identity Among Migrant Roma." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2019.6.1.hky.
Full textAbstract:
The paper presents the issue of language use and identity among Muslim Roma youth from Bulgaria, living in Berlin, Germany. Interviews with a structured questionnaire on language use and identity was conducted with Bulgarian Muslim Roma living in Berlin, Germany. The results showed that, in order to be accepted by the German Turks, Bulgarian Muslim Roma youth change their language use and identity from Muslim Roma to a new identity - Bulgarian “Osmanli” Turks. The findings showed that the change of language and identity among young Roma in this study served as strategies for integration and acceptance in the German society.
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Liukinevičienė, Laima, and Kamilė Kuodytė. "The Management of Strategic Change in the Municipal Public Library." Socialiniai tyrimai 44, no. 2 (October 21, 2021): 61–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/10.15388/soctyr.44.2.4.
Full textAbstract:
Public libraries, which are undergoing technological and socio-cultural changes, today become centres of socialization of communities, creating social and cultural well-being, therefore, their effective management becomes the object of research. This is also relevant in the implementation of public policy: strategic documents (“Europe 2030”, “Lithuania 2030”), which guide public sector bodies to achieve a sustainable economy, also actualize the ability to anticipate the necessary changes in the organization.In addition to the usual long-term strategic goals (providing high-quality various services, programs, resources to people of all ages; developing existing collections; creating an environment that responds to community needs and promotes creativity), municipal libraries aim to strengthen the institution’s management and develop local communities. Due to COVID-19, the revised strategic plans of public libraries of the Republic of Lithuania have made the accessibility aspect of services even more relevant. Long-term goals testify to the need for strategic change, at the same time raise the problematic questions: what are the essential aspects of science in the management of strategic change in the municipal public library? What is the situation of strategic change management in Lithuanian municipal public libraries? The research aims to practically investigate the situation of strategic change management in Lithuanian municipal public libraries and to discern the aspects to be improved.Based on the scientific literature, we define strategic change as significant fundamental changes in the organization aimed at positive change: to eliminate shortcomings, negative consequences and take on new challenges inherent in the organization’s strategy. They are always linked to the strategic goals of the organization, are changing or touching the entire organization, requiring strategic and change management competencies.The strategic changes implemented in the libraries of the Republic of Lithuania in this decade are more attributable to adaptation or evolution, as there are changes in sustainable growth. According to the hierarchical structural model, strategic administrative (changes in management structures, processes) or strategic functional changes (e.g. changes in personnel, financial management strategy, etc.) are usually initiated in the municipal public libraries themselves. Strategic political and strategic changes in work are mainly driven by politicians. Strategic change requires leadership at all levels of an organization’s governance and is generally seen as a significant factor in increasing employees’ commitment to change.The management of strategic change in libraries as a process has much in common with the management of strategic change in other public sector institutions. Their management in libraries is influenced by external and internal factors, in particular public policy. Among the internal factors for municipal public libraries, the process of managing changes, in general, is important, as it was common practice in Lithuanian municipalities to work in accordance with the municipal cultural policy strategy without developing a separate strategy for the development of their own, separate institution. In the current context of increasing decentralization of governance, it is increasingly the responsibility of libraries to take the initiative and take care of the long-term goals of the organization.The public libraries of two neighbouring municipalities (Akmenė district and Mažeikiai district) were selected for the research, a strategy of mixed methods was applied, combining qualitative research methods (content analysis of documents) and quantitative research methods (total questionnaire survey of both library employees except director and deputy director using apklausa.lt, after receiving participants’ consent via e-mails).Having analysed the strategic plans and activity reports of the years 2011–2021 of public libraries in municipalities of Akmenė district and Mažeikiai district, it was revealed that the most important strategic changes in the recent period correspond to the guidelines of Lithuanian cultural policy (2010) and were mostly technological changes or technological-organizational: related to building reconstructions, renovations; with the digitization of administrative management and services; with the socialization of socially excluded groups, with the increase of digital literacy of communities through education, etc. The documents testify that the public library in Mažeikiai district, during the research, already had its own strategic plan, while the public library in Akmenė district, was developing its first strategy. Different experiences of strategic management have also led to partly different expressions of strategic change management in libraries. The library in Mažeikiai district constantly performs the analysis of external factors, while the library in Akmenė district yet only intends to do so. Among the external factors, the project activities carried out by Martynas Mažvydas National Library of Lithuania, including public libraries, are important in both cases. By strategizing activities, both libraries conduct the performance analysis using SWOT, highlighting similar weaknesses (limited funding for modernization), strengths (systematically training staff, modernized public library infrastructure, strong collaborative relationships with other public and county libraries).Wider cooperation with business is not yet visible. The library in Akmenė district sees the consideration of the needs of stakeholders and the use of social partners’ resources as an opportunity, whereas the library in Mažeikiai district is already planning more active partnership relations, also with Lithuanian and foreign libraries.After conducting the opinion research of the employees of public libraries in Akmenė district and Mažeikiai district, the following most important aspects of the management of strategic changes in the studied municipal public libraries have been revealed:Situation – libraries undergo strategic changes initiated by external institutions through programs and projects; they have experience in implementing strategic change, communicating the results of change; there is no resistance to innovations in libraries; employees begin to be involved in strategic change management through separate sub-processes, while for the time being, managers take the lead in strategic change management; organizations lack a deeper understanding of strategic change, the competencies to initiate them involving the entire library community. Potential – employees would like to be more involved in the management of strategic change: 1) relatively good internal communication about already implemented (mostly project-based) strategic changes is revealed; 2) over 10 percent of employees are already involved in managing strategic change; 3) half of the surveyed employees feel able to offer ideas for innovations and strategic changes, the other 50 percent of employees feel “not invited” to do so; 4) Most staff feel ready to take on good practice from other (including foreign) institutions.This research has confirmed the insights of scholars and cultural strategists that public libraries today are undergoing tremendous change, making long-term perspective knowledge and strategic planning a necessity in every organization. With the growth of decentralization of management as well as the uncertainty due to global changes, in the public sector this is achieved through greater involvement of the community in governance and inter-institutional cooperation. Leadership alone is not enough.This research shows that municipal public libraries have the potential to initiate and manage strategic change themselves, as they have been involved in the implementation of changes initiated by external institutions for 10 years, there is no anti-change attitude in organizations. On the other hand, there is a lack of experience and competencies to anticipate change, initiate change, motivate employees to get involved themselves. This research also raises the debate questions that require broader research:
Knowing that municipal public libraries are accustomed to working according to the programs, projects and plans coming from above, the question arises whether the current 2016-2017 legislation on improving library management approved by the Minister of Culture of the Republic of Lithuania is effective and meets today’s challenges; why there is no methodological assistance to public libraries on how to improve their management.
What governance structure of municipal public libraries would be conducive to increasing staff involvement in strategic change management? What managerial innovations would increase employee motivation to initiate change?
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Liukinevičienė, Laima, and Kamilė Kuodytė. "The Management of Strategic Change in the Municipal Public Library." Socialiniai tyrimai 44, no. 2 (October 21, 2021): 61–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/soctyr.44.2.4.
Full textAbstract:
Public libraries, which are undergoing technological and socio-cultural changes, today become centres of socialization of communities, creating social and cultural well-being, therefore, their effective management becomes the object of research. This is also relevant in the implementation of public policy: strategic documents (“Europe 2030”, “Lithuania 2030”), which guide public sector bodies to achieve a sustainable economy, also actualize the ability to anticipate the necessary changes in the organization.In addition to the usual long-term strategic goals (providing high-quality various services, programs, resources to people of all ages; developing existing collections; creating an environment that responds to community needs and promotes creativity), municipal libraries aim to strengthen the institution’s management and develop local communities. Due to COVID-19, the revised strategic plans of public libraries of the Republic of Lithuania have made the accessibility aspect of services even more relevant. Long-term goals testify to the need for strategic change, at the same time raise the problematic questions: what are the essential aspects of science in the management of strategic change in the municipal public library? What is the situation of strategic change management in Lithuanian municipal public libraries? The research aims to practically investigate the situation of strategic change management in Lithuanian municipal public libraries and to discern the aspects to be improved.Based on the scientific literature, we define strategic change as significant fundamental changes in the organization aimed at positive change: to eliminate shortcomings, negative consequences and take on new challenges inherent in the organization’s strategy. They are always linked to the strategic goals of the organization, are changing or touching the entire organization, requiring strategic and change management competencies.The strategic changes implemented in the libraries of the Republic of Lithuania in this decade are more attributable to adaptation or evolution, as there are changes in sustainable growth. According to the hierarchical structural model, strategic administrative (changes in management structures, processes) or strategic functional changes (e.g. changes in personnel, financial management strategy, etc.) are usually initiated in the municipal public libraries themselves. Strategic political and strategic changes in work are mainly driven by politicians. Strategic change requires leadership at all levels of an organization’s governance and is generally seen as a significant factor in increasing employees’ commitment to change.The management of strategic change in libraries as a process has much in common with the management of strategic change in other public sector institutions. Their management in libraries is influenced by external and internal factors, in particular public policy. Among the internal factors for municipal public libraries, the process of managing changes, in general, is important, as it was common practice in Lithuanian municipalities to work in accordance with the municipal cultural policy strategy without developing a separate strategy for the development of their own, separate institution. In the current context of increasing decentralization of governance, it is increasingly the responsibility of libraries to take the initiative and take care of the long-term goals of the organization.The public libraries of two neighbouring municipalities (Akmenė district and Mažeikiai district) were selected for the research, a strategy of mixed methods was applied, combining qualitative research methods (content analysis of documents) and quantitative research methods (total questionnaire survey of both library employees except director and deputy director using apklausa.lt, after receiving participants’ consent via e-mails).Having analysed the strategic plans and activity reports of the years 2011–2021 of public libraries in municipalities of Akmenė district and Mažeikiai district, it was revealed that the most important strategic changes in the recent period correspond to the guidelines of Lithuanian cultural policy (2010) and were mostly technological changes or technological-organizational: related to building reconstructions, renovations; with the digitization of administrative management and services; with the socialization of socially excluded groups, with the increase of digital literacy of communities through education, etc. The documents testify that the public library in Mažeikiai district, during the research, already had its own strategic plan, while the public library in Akmenė district, was developing its first strategy. Different experiences of strategic management have also led to partly different expressions of strategic change management in libraries. The library in Mažeikiai district constantly performs the analysis of external factors, while the library in Akmenė district yet only intends to do so. Among the external factors, the project activities carried out by Martynas Mažvydas National Library of Lithuania, including public libraries, are important in both cases. By strategizing activities, both libraries conduct the performance analysis using SWOT, highlighting similar weaknesses (limited funding for modernization), strengths (systematically training staff, modernized public library infrastructure, strong collaborative relationships with other public and county libraries).Wider cooperation with business is not yet visible. The library in Akmenė district sees the consideration of the needs of stakeholders and the use of social partners’ resources as an opportunity, whereas the library in Mažeikiai district is already planning more active partnership relations, also with Lithuanian and foreign libraries.After conducting the opinion research of the employees of public libraries in Akmenė district and Mažeikiai district, the following most important aspects of the management of strategic changes in the studied municipal public libraries have been revealed:Situation – libraries undergo strategic changes initiated by external institutions through programs and projects; they have experience in implementing strategic change, communicating the results of change; there is no resistance to innovations in libraries; employees begin to be involved in strategic change management through separate sub-processes, while for the time being, managers take the lead in strategic change management; organizations lack a deeper understanding of strategic change, the competencies to initiate them involving the entire library community. Potential – employees would like to be more involved in the management of strategic change: 1) relatively good internal communication about already implemented (mostly project-based) strategic changes is revealed; 2) over 10 percent of employees are already involved in managing strategic change; 3) half of the surveyed employees feel able to offer ideas for innovations and strategic changes, the other 50 percent of employees feel “not invited” to do so; 4) Most staff feel ready to take on good practice from other (including foreign) institutions.This research has confirmed the insights of scholars and cultural strategists that public libraries today are undergoing tremendous change, making long-term perspective knowledge and strategic planning a necessity in every organization. With the growth of decentralization of management as well as the uncertainty due to global changes, in the public sector this is achieved through greater involvement of the community in governance and inter-institutional cooperation. Leadership alone is not enough.This research shows that municipal public libraries have the potential to initiate and manage strategic change themselves, as they have been involved in the implementation of changes initiated by external institutions for 10 years, there is no anti-change attitude in organizations. On the other hand, there is a lack of experience and competencies to anticipate change, initiate change, motivate employees to get involved themselves. This research also raises the debate questions that require broader research:
Knowing that municipal public libraries are accustomed to working according to the programs, projects and plans coming from above, the question arises whether the current 2016-2017 legislation on improving library management approved by the Minister of Culture of the Republic of Lithuania is effective and meets today’s challenges; why there is no methodological assistance to public libraries on how to improve their management.
What governance structure of municipal public libraries would be conducive to increasing staff involvement in strategic change management? What managerial innovations would increase employee motivation to initiate change?
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Litvak, N. V. "Fuctional Illiteracy as an Axiological Problem." Concept: philosophy, religion, culture 6, no. 3 (September 27, 2022): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2541-8831-2022-3-23-22-35.
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It is not only the illiteracy found in today’s knowledge societies, including developed countries, but also its reproduction in new generations that determines the relevance of this research. In France, one of the leading countries in Europe and the world, for decades there has been a decline in the level of general education. The trend continues despite the constant reforms of the education system, including those aimed, as their developers believe, at facilitating and updating learning. Programs in French, mathematics, history, and literature were especially lightened, or simplified, but fewer and fewer schoolchildren cope with them. University professors state that the number of students who experience difficulties in reading, writing and speaking their thoughts is growing. Official statistics report millions of functionally illiterate people who have left school. The purpose of this research is to analyze the axiological components of the French general education reforms and to study the philosophical reflections of the trend by the professional community. To exemplify and illustrate the problem there were chosen works by Barbara Lefebvre and Réne Chiche devoted to a detailed analysis of the situation in French education as of today with the focus on school education. The article aims to provide the specified data on the dynamic of functional illiteracy in France, to identify the axiological dominants that lie behind the modern reform, and to give a comprehensive analysis of the ideas expressed in the books of B. Lefebvre Génération «J'ai le droit»: La faillite de notre éducation and R. Chiche La désinstruction nationale. In both cases the authors attempt to undertake a philosophical understanding of the modern school education as one of the mechanisms for the transmission of culture that supports the formation of personality in the process of socialization. Both books clearly convey the idea that politically engaged reforms of public education, consciously or unconsciously ignoring the need to reflect on the real axiological foundations on which they are built, bring about the prospects for new, including latent, social risks.
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Galdieri, Michela, and Michele Domenico Todino. "Promote Assistive and AAC technologies during Covid-19." Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete 21, no. 3 (December 31, 2021): 215–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/form-10189.
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The Covid-19 health emergency has produced a rethinking of education and training systems based on open and flexible physical spaces and remote communication channels; however, socialization processes and virtual relational exchanges are still possible and at the same time authentic. Moreover, the use of telecommunication technologies augment efforts to find a new way to organize educational spaces when it is not possible to share physical space and virtual spaces must be used. Starting from the role of assistive technologies in European policies, this work presents a case study about the inclusive perspective of corporeality and action in teaching-learning process and described an experience done in a third grade class of a primary school in Rome where a teacher used an eye communicator with GRID3 software and tools of Augmentative Alternative Communication with a student with complex communication needs, main goal of this activity was to create an inclusive and sharing path for each scholar done in distance education.
Promuovere le tecnologie assistive e la CAA al tempo del Covid-19.
L’emergenza sanitaria da Covid-19 ha sollecitato un ripensamento dei sistemi educativi e formativi quali dimensioni aperte e flessibili in cui formarsi, spazi nei quali i canali di comunicazione a distanza hanno reso possibile processi di socializzazione e scambi relazionali virtuali ma non per questo meno autentici, luoghi della didattica in cui favorire gli apprendimenti mediante l’uso di tecnologie che hanno consentito di raggiungere risultati anche in assenza di condivisione di uno spazio fisico. Il lavoro presenta una riflessione sul ruolo delle tecnologie assistive nelle politiche europee, sul potenziale inclusivo della corporeità e dell’azione nei percorsi di insegnamento-apprendimento e propone la descrizione di un’esperienza svoltasi nella classe terza di una scuola primaria romana dove, in presenza di un’alunna con gravi difficoltà comunicative, la didattica ha previsto l’uso del comunicatore oculare con software GRID3 coniugato alle pratiche e agli strumenti propri della Comunicazione Aumentativa Alternativa, con l’obiettivo di creare un percorso inclusivo e partecipativo per ciascun alunno, seppure a distanza.
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Checkel, Jeffrey T. "International Institutions and Socialization in Europe: Introduction and Framework." International Organization 59, no. 04 (October 2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818305050289.
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Mackie, Gerry. "Functionalist Socialization, Family and Character." Analyse & Kritik 24, no. 1 (January 1, 2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auk-2002-0102.
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AbstractAccording to functionalism, the family internalizes and transmits society’s supposed value consensus from one generation to the next, and such socialization explains morality, social order, and cultural uniformities. I present three investigations that challenge the concept of functionalist socialization, and propose alternative theories that may better explain observations. First, I present evidence from developmental psychology based largely on American subjects and an ethnographic report from Burkina Faso which suggest that the characters of children are not formed by parental socialization. Second, I report data from Europe which suggest that the weaker is family and its supervision, the stronger is character and internalized morality. Third, I report an account of European modernization which suggests that weaker family ties broaden extrafamilial associations and generalize moral orientation. Finally, I suggest that Schelling’s game-theoretic account of social conventions is a better explanation of cultural continuities and discontinuities than is functionalism.
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Beyers, Jan. "Multiple Embeddedness and Socialization in Europe: The Case of Council Officials." International Organization 59, no. 04 (October 2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818305050319.
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Gheciu, Alexandra. "Security Institutions as Agents of Socialization? NATO and the ‘New Europe’." International Organization 59, no. 04 (October 2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818305050332.
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