Journal articles: 'Political science – France – 1860-1920'

1

Monjaret, Anne, and Marie-Victoire Louis. "Le droit de cuissage. France, 1860-1930." Le Mouvement social, no. 189 (October 1999): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3780212.

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Oñate, Abdiel. "French Bankers in Revolutionary Mexico: Exploring the Limits of informal Empire, 1917–1928." French Colonial History 12 (May 1, 2011): 143–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41938214.

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Abstract Les banques modernes émergèrent au Mexique dans les années 1860, pendant l’empire français de Maximilien de Habsbourg (1862 -1867), une des conquêtes impériales commanditées par Napoléon III, et à partir de ce moment-là, les banquiers français jouèrent un rôle dominant dans le développement du Mexique. Pendant les décennies précédant la Révolution mexicaine, les banques françaises financèrent la modernisation du pays, et une d’entre elles, la Banco Nacional de México, fonctionna comme banque centrale du Mexique. La Révolution mexicaine détruisit l’ancien régime et mit fin à la domination française des marchés du crédit mexicain. En 1920, le Président Alvaro Obregón, dans le but d’initier la reconstruction économique du pays, réorganisa tout le système monétaire et bancaire du Mexique; le Crédit Foncier se retrouva non conforme à la nouvelle législature et fut donc liquidé, causant une grande perte financière aux investisseurs français. Les puissants banquiers parisiens ou le gouvernement français ne purent rien faire. Après 1920, la France cessa de jouer le rôle principal dans le secteur financier du Mexique. A partir d’archives mexicaines et françaises, cet article raconte l’histoire du Crédit Foncier Mexicain, une banque française qui opéra au Mexique pendant et après la Révolution mexicaine de 1910, et montre comment sa liquidation, en 1928, illustre la fin de l’hégémonie française en Amérique latine, notamment au Mexique, un pays où les banques françaises avaient dominé les marchés du crédit et des finances pendant un demi-siècle. Cette étude nous permet d’explorer les limites de l’impérialisme informel dans le contexte d’un pays non-colonial tel que le Mexique.

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McCann, H. Gilman, and Mary Jo Nye. "Science in the Provinces: Scientific Communities and Provincial Leadership in France, 1860-1930." Contemporary Sociology 16, no. 6 (November 1987): 866. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2071599.

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Dunbar, Roberta Ann, and Christopher Harrison. "France and Islam in West Africa, 1860-1960." International Journal of African Historical Studies 22, no. 4 (1989): 738. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/219073.

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HARGREAVES, JOHN D. "France and Islam in West Africa, 1860–1960." African Affairs 88, no. 352 (July 1989): 459–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098205.

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Kirkland, Faris R. "Governmental Policy and Combat Effectiveness: France 1920-1940." Armed Forces & Society 18, no. 2 (January 1992): 175–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095327x9201800202.

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Lanfranchi, Pierre, and Alfred Wahl. "La professionnalisation du football en France (1920–1939)." Modern & Contemporary France 6, no. 3 (August 1998): 313–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09639489808456436.

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Webley, Simon. "Democracy and international trade: Britain, France and the United States, 1860–1990." International Affairs 71, no. 1 (January 1995): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2624043.

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Lazer, David. "The Free Trade Epidemic of the 1860s and Other Outbreaks of Economic Discrimination." World Politics 51, no. 4 (July 1999): 447–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887100009229.

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Why was there an abrupt increase in economic openness in Europe in the 1860s? This increase may have been the result of a contagion process, in which the Cobden-Chevalier treaty between Britain and France threatened to displace third-party exports to France with British exports. As a result, most European states signed similar treaties with France, which had further ripple effects.This article outlines a formal model of this process, based on the assumption that an agreement between two states increases the desirability of similar treaties to third parties. Propositions regarding the rate and pattern of spread of treaties are derived from this model. This article then discusses the insights these propositions may offer into the rise and fall of the most-favorednation network of treaties between 1860 and 1929.At a theoretical level the model aims to link the microlevel processes underlying state preferences to system-level phenomena. At a substantive level this analysis offers insight into the current explosion of regionalism.

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Forsé, Michel. "Social Capital and Status Attainment In Contemporary France." Tocqueville Review 20, no. 1 (January 1999): 59–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ttr.20.1.59.

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Recent email exchange through INSNA listserv (Borgatti 1998) points to Hanifan as the first author to use explicitly the term 'social capital' in 1920. He saw it as an essential feature of social groups. Jacobs in 1961 and Hannerz in 1969 follow. Then we find more contemporary researchers such as Loury (1977), Coleman (1988), Fukuyama (1995) and Putnam (1995). They underscore the collective facet of social capital. It is an clement of the group culture, with a broad definition that entitles it to cover even entire societies, because it is closely related to trust and reciprocity norms among members.

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Claude, Viviane. "Les douleurs de l’industrie. L’hygiénisme industriel en France, 1860-1914, C. Moriceau." Sociologie du travail 53, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 131–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/sdt.7277.

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Rebreyend, Anne-Claire. "Sur les traces des pratiques sexuelles des individus "ordinaires". France 1920-1970." Le Mouvement social, no. 207 (April 2004): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3779660.

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Lembré, Stéphane. "L’invention du concours des « meilleurs ouvriers de France » (années 1920-1930)." Genèses 103, no. 2 (2016): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/gen.103.0029.

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Stora, Benjamin. "L'effet « 89 » dans les milieux immigrés algériens en France (1920-1960)." Revue du monde musulman et de la Méditerranée 52, no. 1 (1989): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/remmm.1989.2303.

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Kühl, Jørgen. "The Making of Borders and Minorities." European Yearbook of Minority Issues Online 19, no. 1 (June 29, 2022): 49–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116117_004.

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Abstract The Peace Treaties of Versailles and Saint German of 1919 provided for a number of plebiscites to be held to determine Germany’s borders with Denmark, Poland and France and Austria’s borders with the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (eventually Yugoslavia). Plebiscites under international supervision were held in Schleswig (1920), Upper Silesia (1920), Allenstein and Marienwerder (1920), Carinthia/Kärnten (1920), and the Saar region (1935). A public consultation was made in the case of the districts of Eupen and Malmedy as well in 1920 regarding the border between Belgium and Germany. Although most of Western Hungary was awarded to Austria in 1919, Hungarian insurrection eventually led to a plebiscite in the Sopron/Ödenburg region as well in 1921. Three of these borders based on self-determination through referenda (Schleswig, Burgenland and Carinthia) still exist. This contribution presents the plebiscites and shows the creation of minorities and the impact of the minority situations. It offers a comparative analysis of history’s impact on contemporary minority-majority relations in the new border regions.

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Kupčiūnas, Donatas. "When Mediation Fails: Britain, France, and the Settlement of the Vilnius Conflict, 1920–1922." Diplomacy & Statecraft 22, no. 2 (June 2011): 181–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592296.2011.576519.

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17

Cahen, Fabrice. "Medicine, statistics, and the encounter of abortion and “depopulation” in France (1870–1920)." History of the Family 14, no. 1 (January 2009): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hisfam.2008.10.002.

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18

Bell, D. S. "The French Communist Party: a critical history (1920–84); from Comintern to ‘the colours of France’." International Affairs 61, no. 4 (1985): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2617744.

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19

Bailey, Paul. "The Chinese Work—Study Movement in France." China Quarterly 115 (September 1988): 441–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030574100002751x.

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In 1920 Wang Guangqi(1892–1936), a founder member of the Young China Association (Shaonian Zhongguo Xuehui) in 1918, wrote that in the past few years a clear division had arisen among Chinese overseas students. Those studying in the United States, having been influenced by the philosophy of “worshipping money” (baijin zhuyi) wanted to build a “capitalist” China on the American model when they returned. The work-study students in France, however, were concerned with practical training and participation in the labouring world. While Chinese students in the United States received regular government scholarships and enjoyed material comforts, Wang continued, those in France spent their time “sweating and working in factories.” Since the former sought their models in the “oil barons” while the latter looked to the workers for inspiration, Wang concluded, it was inevitable that whereas students returning from the United States would be capitalists, work—study students returning from France would promote “labour-ism” (laodong zhuyi) and become part of the labouring classes.

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20

Eldar, Dan. "France in Syria: the abolition of the Sharifian government, April‐July 1920." Middle Eastern Studies 29, no. 3 (July 1993): 487–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00263209308700962.

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Chatel, Cathy, Mateu Morillas-Torné, Albert Esteve, and Jordi Martí-Henneberg. "Patterns of Population and Urban Growth in Southwest Europe: 1920-2010." Journal of Urban History 43, no. 6 (September 1, 2017): 1021–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144217726974.

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This work seeks to measure, locate, and explain changes in the distribution of population and urban growth in the territory formed by France, Italy, and the Iberian Peninsula between 1920 and 2010. This is based on population data of more than fifty-six thousand local units obtained from population censuses: the Geokhoris database that we built. Our starting viewpoint is that it is only possible to understand the extent of the urbanization process within the context of the evolution of all of the municipalities. The description of the distribution and growth of population at the local level shows the population concentration in the various urban agglomerations, and, since 1970, a relative deconcentration and extension of the cities. Within this context, a regression model helped us to identify the geographic factors that correlate with these fundamental transformations in population geography, which were also indicative of new forms of social organization within the territory.

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Chueke, Zélia. "Quand le Brésil inspire la France. Échos dans la presse musicale (1845-1897 ; 1920-1938)." Hermès 86, no. 1 (2020): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/herm.086.0091.

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Brucker, Jérémie. "L’étoffe du travailleur. Genre et vêtement professionnel en France (années 1870-1920)." Travail, genre et sociétés 46, no. 2 (October 28, 2021): 157–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/tgs.046.0157.

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24

Fossati, Fabio. "Daniel Verdier, Democracy and International Trade. Britain, France and the United States, 1860-1990, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1994, pp. 387." Italian Political Science Review/Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica 27, no. 1 (April 1997): 214–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0048840200025685.

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Ramirez, Carlos. "Understanding social closure in its cultural context: accounting practitioners in France (1920–1939)." Accounting, Organizations and Society 26, no. 4-5 (May 2001): 391–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0361-3682(00)00023-4.

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Fouché, Nicole. "Les limites de la réception savante du jazz en France : La Revue musicale, 1920-1939." Revue Française d Etudes Américaines Hors-séri, no. 5 (2001): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfea.hs01.0038.

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Hansen, Wendy L. "Democracy and International Trade: Britain, France, and the United States, 1860–1990. By Daniel Verdier. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994. 387p. $45.00." American Political Science Review 89, no. 1 (March 1995): 266–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2083161.

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McPhee, P. "Rural Communism in France, 1920-1939. By Laird Boswell (Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1998. xii plus 266pp.)." Journal of Social History 35, no. 1 (September 1, 2001): 244–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jsh.2001.0093.

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Zaidi, Waqar H. "‘Aviation Will Either Destroy or Save Our Civilization’: Proposals for the International Control of Aviation, 1920—45." Journal of Contemporary History 46, no. 1 (January 2011): 150–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009410375257.

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Proposals for the internationalization of civil aviation and the formation of an international air force blossomed in Britain, France and the United States between 1920 and 1945. The proposals were promoted by liberal internationalist constituencies in these three countries and reveal an enthusiasm for technocracy and technology within liberal internationalism. Aviation, internationalists argued, was too dangerous and held too much potential to be left in the hands of warring nations. It should instead be controlled by an international organization for the benefit of international peace and prosperity. Proposals were linked to the League of Nations in the interwar period and to the proposed United Nations Organization during the second world war. They were discussed at the 1932 League of Nations Geneva disarmament conference, and in 1944, at the Dumbarton Oaks Conference and the Chicago conference on international civil aviation.

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Khablova, E. S. "Plant Introduction Bureau of the Institute of Plant Industry and its relations with France in the 1920–1930s (based on the documents from the Central State Archive of Scientific and Technical Documentation of St. Petersburg)." Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding 183, no. 1 (April 19, 2022): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2022-1-259-267.

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This article examines French–Soviet scientific cooperation focusing on the example of interactions between the Plant Introduction Bureau of the Institute of Plant Industry and French seed production companies. Objectives of the Bureau and the scope of its plant introduction activities are shown. Despite the importance of the Plant Introduction Bureau, its work encountered a number of obstacles. For example, the seed exchange was impeded by organizational problems, such as the neglect of delivery terms by the USSR Trade Office in France or by transport companies, and by financial constraints. There were also ideological conflicts, initiated by A. K. Kol and later by G. N. Shlykov, the heads of the Plant Introduction Bureau. Moreover, scientific links between the USSR and France were aggravated by the political situation in the world, where the USSR and France could not be regarded as allies. Despite these problems, the period from 1926 through 1933, when Nikolai Vavilov was Director of the Institute of Plant Industry, is considered the most productive in terms of cooper cooperation between the Plant Introduction Bureau and French seed production companies.

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Thom, Martin. "REGION AND NATION." Modern Italy 2 (August 1997): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532949708454781.

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Carl Levy (ed.), Italian Regionalism. History, Identity and Politics, Berg, Oxford 1996, 197 pp., ISBN 1–85975–131–7 hbk, 1–85973–156–2 pbk, £12.95.It would seem to be self-evident that we cannot say what regions (and regionalism) are until we have said what nations (and nationalism) are, for the concept of region was formulated in response to, and to some degree in opposition to, that of nation. It would be overstating the case, even in the France of the Restoration or of the July Monarchy, to define ‘regionalism’ as belonging on the Right of the political spectrum, for there are liberal counter-examples to pit against de Gobineau, and yet many did indeed construe regional identity as a threat to the principle of nationality. Thus, in the Italian context, as David Hine observes in the volume under review, the real explanation for the limited nature of the challenge to the highly centralized state ‘probably lies, at least for the period from 1860 to 1922, in the cultural dominance of the myth of national popular resurgence on which the Risorgimento was based’ (p. 110). On this reading, critics of unity, who were often advocates of diversity also, were bound to remain unheeded.

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Rich, Jeremy. "Gabonese Men for French Decency: The Rise and Fall of the Gabonese Chapter of the Ligue des Droits de l’Homme, 1916–1939." French Colonial History 13 (May 1, 2012): 23–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41938221.

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Abstract De 1916 à 1939, un petit groupe d’intellectuels gabonais organisèrent une cellule de la Ligue des Droits de l’Homme et du Citoyen, la plus grande organisation de défense des droits de l’homme en France durant la première moitié du XXe siècle. La plupart des historiens considèrent la ligue comme une association qui ne s’intéressait pas aux questions coloniales, mais le comité central de la ligue à Paris soutint le chapitre gabonais de la ligue durant les années 1920. Les ligueurs gabonais critiquèrent les abus et la politique arbitraire des administrateurs au Gabon. Ils se présentaient comme les défenseurs courageux et disciplinés des libertés républicaines. Selon eux, les administrateurs français ne possédaient pas la discipline nécessaire pour maitriser leurs désirs sexuels et leur colère. Des administrateurs répondirent à ces critiques que les ligueurs gabonais n’étaient que des déracinés. La question de la masculinité était un aspect important des conflits entre l’état colonial et les ligueurs. Le chapitre gabonais de la ligue se délita durant les années trente, en raison des privilèges accordés aux métis et des réformes modérées initiées par l’administration français vis-à-vis des élites gabonaises.

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Hellman, Stephen. "The French Communist Party: A Critical History (1920–84). From Comintern to “the Colours of France”M. Adereth Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1984, pp. xv, 326." Canadian Journal of Political Science 18, no. 4 (December 1985): 816–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423900059758.

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Reibman, Max. "THE CASE OF WILLIAM YALE: CAIRO’S SYRIANS AND THE ARAB ORIGINS OF AMERICAN INFLUENCE IN THE POST-OTTOMAN MIDDLE EAST, 1917–19." International Journal of Middle East Studies 46, no. 4 (October 9, 2014): 681–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743814001019.

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AbstractThis article explores the American role in the Syrian political scene in Cairo toward the end of World War I and in its immediate aftermath. It challenges the absence of the United States and of American actors as primary players in much of the historical writing on the Middle East in this period. It illuminates a neglected episode of regional American diplomacy, argues that the United States was not relegated to the periphery in local debates surrounding the dismemberment of Ottoman Syria, and emphasizes the broader uncertainties that characterized the competition for Mandate territories in the Middle East prior to 1920. In doing so, it takes a close look at the long-forgotten reports of William Yale, the U.S. State Department's “Special Agent” in Cairo in late 1917, and situates them within evolving trends in Syrian-Arab politics. Yale, who surfaced in Egypt after serving with Standard Oil in Palestine, was the key Arabic-speaking American “on the spot” and proved to be an astute if imperfect observer of the diversity of Syrian national sentiment. A survey of his reports allows for a new perspective on Cairo's Syrians and their pragmatic and ideological turn toward the United States as World War I unfolded. Alienated from Britain and France, they looked increasingly to the United States, and the appeal of a postwar American trusteeship over Syria gained currency among émigré intellectuals and aspiring powerbrokers.

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XI, LIAN. "The Search for Chinese Christianity in the Republican Period (1912–1949)." Modern Asian Studies 38, no. 4 (October 2004): 851–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x04001283.

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For more than a century after its introduction into China in 1807, Protestant Christianity remained an alien religion preached and presided over by Western missionaries. In fact the Christian enterprise, both Protestant and Roman Catholic, was given protection as Western interests by the Qing court after China's defeat in the Opium War of 1839–42. According to the treaty signed with the United States in 1858, for instance, the Qing government was to shield from molestation ‘any persons, whether citizen of the United States or Chinese convert, [who] peaceably teach and practise the principles of Christianity.’ In the Convention of 1860 signed with France, the imperial court promised that in addition to the toleration of Roman Catholicism throughout China, all Catholic properties previously seized should be ‘handed over to the French representative at Beijing’ to be forwarded to the Catholics in the localities concerned. By the time of the Boxer Uprising of 1900, Protestant converts numbered about 80,000 and the Catholic Church (whose modern missions to China had begun in the late sixteenth century) claimed a membership of some 720,000—a following that was perhaps disappointing to the Western missions yet aggravating to those who saw both the Confucian tradition and Chinese sovereignty eroded by the coming of the West. As a perceived foreign menace the Christian community became the target of the bloody rampage by famished North China peasants known as the Boxers. Before the revolt was quelled in August by the eight-power expedition forces, it had visited death on more than 200 Westerners and untold thousands of native converts.

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Crocker, R. "Every Child a Lion: The Origins of Maternal and Infant Health Policy in the United States and France, 1890-1920. By Alisa Klaus (Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1993. 304pp. $37.95)." Journal of Social History 28, no. 2 (December 1, 1994): 444–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jsh/28.2.444.

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Pichugina, Victoria. "Mikhail Kutorga in the System of European Scientific Coordinates: London Coordinate." ISTORIYA 13, no. 5 (115) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840021591-9.

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The article discusses a number of episodes from the biography of the outstanding Russian researcher of antiquity Mikhail Koutorga (1809—1886), which give an idea of his personal characteristics, scientific routes, contacts and sympathies. His development as a scientist is considered in the system of European scientific coordinates, among which there were many countries and cities, but so far there was no England and London. The European educational path of Mikhail Koutorga began at the Professorial Institute of the University of Dorpat and continued in Berlin, largely predetermining his formation as a scientist. Even in Dorpat, there was an acquaintance with the peculiarities of the educational space of Europe, because Koutorga got acquainted with the advanced works on the history of Greece and Rome at that time and the critical method of European historical science. The works of the French historian François Guizot had the greatest influence on Koutorga. Having adopted his ideas, Mikhail Koutorga further developed the concept of class struggle in relation to Athens. After graduating from the Professorial Institute, Koutorga was attached to the Berlin professor F. Kranichfeld, and a new stage in his development as a scientist began. Illness prevented Koutorga from visiting Italy, but probably allowed him to work in the libraries of Vienna, Berlin and Munich. The scarce information about this scientific trip suggests that Koutorga from his youth sought to expand the horizons of his educational travels, and over the years did not lose this desire. Despite the fact that Koutorga was critical of the teaching of German professors, he attended lectures by prominent researchers of that time (L. von Ranke, F. Raumer, and others). Taking into account his subsequent interest in archaeological and topographic research, the course of lectures on archeology of one of the founders of the archeology of Rome, E. Gerhard, should have seemed important to Koutorga. The knowledge gained at these lectures was probably useful to Mikhail Koutorga during his travels in Greece in 1860—1861. One of the main merits of M. Koutorga in the Western scientific community is still considered a detailed description of the ancient city of Halae in central Greece that meets high scientific standards, which he published in the French edition of the Revue Archéologique for 1860. Before traveling to Greece, he visited France and England in 1859. A visit to England is still one of the blank spots in his scientific and educational travels, where in addition to the obvious ones, there were also hidden routes. The materials stored in the Department of Manuscripts of the National Library of Russia allow us to state that Kutorga managed to enter into correspondence and establish contacts with English antiquities, especially with the outstanding topographer of Greece, Colonel William Martin Leake (1777—1860). The authors of the article transcribed, analyzed and for the first time offered for publication in the original language and translated into Russian five letters stored in the Manuscripts Department of the Russian National Library (F. 410. Items 45, 46, 211). A comparative analysis of the letters made it possible to broaden our understanding of not only the peculiarities of Koutorga's interaction with Western colleagues and to see how carefully he planned his scientific work in England. The letters make it possible to outline the circle of outstanding scientists of that time, to whom Leake addresses about Koutorga. That is, they make it possible to trace the scientific contacts of Colonel Leake in Cambridge, Oxford and the British Museum, as well as point out those of them that can be called personal connections rather than official appeals. The content of the correspondence, which lasts from August 8 to 12, 1859, as well as the information present on the two surviving envelopes, not only proves Koutorga's visit to England, but also allows us to establish the exact address of his residence and the purpose of his stay.

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Steiner, Christopher B., Pascal Blanchard, and Armelle Chatelier. "Images et Colonies: Nature, Discours et Influence de l'Iconographie Coloniale Liee a la Propagande Coloniale et a la Representation des Africains et de l'Afrique en France, de 1920 aux Independances." International Journal of African Historical Studies 29, no. 3 (1997): 654. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/221398.

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Buse, D. K. "Urban and National Identity: Bremen, 1860-1920." Journal of Social History 26, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): 521–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jsh/26.3.521.

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Garfinkel, Paul A. "The Pinocchio Effect: On Making Italians, 1860–1920." Journal of Modern Italian Studies 14, no. 4 (December 2009): 494–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13545710903282092.

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Couland, Jacques. "Thobie Jacques, L’administration générale des phares de l’Empire ottoman et la société Collas et Michel (1860-1960) – Un siècle de coopération économique et financière entre la France, l’Empire ottoman et les États successeurs, Paris, L." Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Méditerranée, no. 115-116 (December 31, 2006): 300–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/remmm.2957.

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Goodman, Sam. "Spaces of Intemperance & the British Raj 1860–1920." Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 48, no. 4 (April 8, 2020): 591–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03086534.2020.1741840.

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Nagy, Victoria, and Alana Piper. "Imprisonment of Female Urban and Rural Offenders in Victoria, 1860-1920." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 8, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 100–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v8i1.941.

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This paper examines imprisonment data from Victoria between 1860 and 1920 to gather insights into the variations in incidence of women being convicted by rural versus urban courts, including close focus on the difference in types of offences being committed in urban and rural locations. This paper also details women’s mobility between both communities as well as change in their offending profiles based on their geographic locations. Our findings suggest that while the authorities were broadly most concerned with removing disorderly and vagrant women from both urban and rural streets, rural offending had its own characteristics that differentiate it from urban offending. Therefore, this demonstrates that when examining female offending, geographic location of an offender and offence must be taken into consideration.

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Nagy, Victoria Maria, and Georgina Rychner. "Longitudinal Analysis of Australian Filicide Perpetration Trends: Filicide in Victoria, 1860–1920." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 50–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.1642.

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The historical examination of filicide in Australia is limited and often focuses on case studies of maternal filicides. Longitudinal trends of Australian filicide offending have focused almost exclusively on the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Our study aims to fill a gap in Australian criminological knowledge about filicide. Utilising prison and Supreme Court records from 1860 and 1920, we plot the extent of filicide offending by men and women in Victoria to create a more comprehensive picture of filicide perpetration. This study also tests whether identified motives and risk factors for filicide today can be applied to historical data, to make these data accessible to criminologists studying filicide in the twenty-first century.

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Rodríguez Centeno, Mabel M. "Caficultura y modernidad. :Lls transformaciones del entorno agrícola, agrario y humano en Córdoba, Veracruz (1870-1910)." Secuencia, no. 52 (January 1, 2002): 063. http://dx.doi.org/10.18234/secuencia.v0i52.761.

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<p>A partir de la década de 1860 la producción cafetalera mexicana entra en una etapa de franca expansión. Motivados por las cotizaciones mundiales del producto, los cosecheros del centro del estado de Veracruz tomaron la delantera productiva en la república. De la mano del café llegó el capitalismo agrario y con ellos la modernización económica y social de la región. Este artículo explora las transformaciones agrícolas, agrarias y sociales que caracterizaron ese proceso, examinando el caso de Córdoba entre 1860 y 1910.</p>

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Purvis, June. "Bajanellas and Semilinas, Aberdeen University and the education of women 1860–1920." Women's Studies International Forum 15, no. 3 (May 1992): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-5395(92)90011-j.

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Blanckaert, Claude. "Lógicas da antropotecnia: mensuração do homem e bio-sociologia (1860-1920)." Revista Brasileira de História 21, no. 41 (2001): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-01882001000200008.

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A antropometria é um método estatístico de análise do corpo humano criado por volta de 1850 para precisar o lugar do homem na natureza e definir os caracteres das raças humanas. Ela foi rapidamente utilizada para apreciar os fatores "biossociológicos" na origem da decadência ou da prosperidade das nações e discriminar os grupos sociais desviantes, criminais ou inadaptados. Os antropólogos esperavam manifestar assim sua competência especializada. Consideravam-se os únicos capazes de formular os verdadeiros fins da humanidade e os meios de apressar seus progressos. Esta ideologia profissional corrente foi criticada pelo anatomista Léonce Manouvrier, um adversário de Cesare Lombroso convertido à etiologia comum entre os sociólogos. Este artigo lembra os fundamentos da antropotecnia e os termos da controvérsia que opôs os teóricos da hereditariedade e do meio.

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Piper, Alana Jayne, and Victoria M. Nagy. "Risk Factors and Pathways to Imprisonment among Incarcerated Women in Victoria, 1860–1920." Journal of Australian Studies 42, no. 3 (July 3, 2018): 268–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443058.2018.1489300.

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Dames. "Neurology and Literature, 1860-1920, edited by Anne Stiles." Victorian Studies 51, no. 3 (2009): 552. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.2009.51.3.552.

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Cox, Jeffrey. "British Quakerism, 1860-1920: The Transformation of a Religious Community (review)." Victorian Studies 45, no. 4 (2003): 751–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/vic.2004.0010.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Political science – France – 1860-1920'

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