Journal articles on the topic 'Political decentralization, policy formation'
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1
Hoesein, Zaenal Arifin, Arifudin Arifudin, and Susi Dian Rahayu. "The Effectiveness of Decentralization Policy in Local Government Administration." Jurnal Akta 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/akta.v9i2.23544.
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Article 18 paragraph (2) and paragraph (5) of the 1945 Constitution stipulates that the Regional Government is authorized to regulate and manage its own government affairs according to the principles of autonomy and co-administration and is granted the widest possible autonomy. The granting of the widest possible autonomy to regions is directed at accelerating the realization of community welfare through service improvement, empowerment, and community participation. Regional formation is basically intended to improve public services in order to accelerate the realization of community welfare as well as as a means of political education at the local level. For this reason, the formation of a region must take into account various factors such as economic capacity, regional potential, area, population, and considerations from socio-political, socio-cultural, defense and security aspects, as well as other considerations and conditions that enable the region to organize and realize the objectives of the establishment. By using descriptive analytical research method the results of this research are decentralization is the delegation of government power from the central government to regions to manage their own households, or regions are given autonomy to become autonomous regions. Decentralization is intended to give authority from the state government to local governments to regulate and manage certain affairs as their own household affairs. Therefore, the birth of Act No. 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government, especially the essence of decentralization, is basically in the framework of accelerating the distribution of community welfare, especially in the regions.
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Béland, Daniel, and André Lecours. "Federalism, policy change, and social security in Belgium: Explaining the decentralization of family allowances in the Sixth State Reform." Journal of European Social Policy 28, no. 1 (June 22, 2017): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958928717700563.
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The debate on social policy change is not only about the evolving nature of social benefits but also about change in their territorial organization. This territorial issue is central in Belgium. In 2011, the Sixth State Reform featured the decentralization of family allowances, a component of social security. This article explains why such decentralization occurred in Belgium despite the fact that Francophone parties, which effectively have veto power over constitutional reform, had long insisted that no portion of social security would ever be transferred to the constituent units. We argue that increasing political pressure generated by the surge of the Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie (N-VA) in the context of the government formation crises altered how Francophone parties assessed both the national unity situation and their own political interests. The article also discusses the policy and political implications of the decentralization of family allowances in Belgium.
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Teremetskyi, V., K. Solyannik, K. Zakomorna, O. Poproshaieva, and Ya Yakovchuk. "FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION OF UKRAINE: SEARCH FOR NEW APPROACHES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT." Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice 2, no. 37 (April 30, 2021): 180–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v2i37.229957.
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Abstract. Specific features of fiscal decentralization as a component of decentralization in Ukraine have been analyzed in this article. It is demonstrated that fiscal decentralization is politically necessary reform for Ukraine, which directly impacts on the formation and implementation of state and regional policy, harmonized actions of central and local authorities, creating a new format of the balance of relationship among the state and local authorities, stabilization and stability of economic processes in Ukraine, efficiency provision of public services, elimination of macroeconomic instability and acceleration of economic growth. The ways of improving this process are outlined. Although the process of fiscal decentralization in Ukraine has not been completed it is concluded about its inefficiency that leads to nsufficient effectiveness of reforming the budgetary and tax system, inter-budgetary relations and decorativeness of most measures implemented in the direction of fiscal decentralization. It has been noted that the process of fiscal decentralization in Ukraine should have its implementation strategy, which can determine the main points, can analyze the problems and can search for possible solutions or the ways of mitigation. Key points of such a strategy should be: an adequate political and institutional environment, improvement of the administration quality, close relations of local authorities with the population and formation of effective communication channels; strengthening the responsibility of local self-government agencies to the community (local accountability and transparency, reduction of corruption); fight against corruption, the «horizontal» and «vertical» growth of the budget competition; ensuring the financial independence of local self-government agencies in decision-making; stimulating local self-government agencies to increase their own budget potential, establishing proper access for the development of investment activity. It has been emphasized that the existence of concrete steps of implementing fiscal decentralization in Ukraine will help to strengthen local political and institutional capacities. Keywords: decentralization, fiscal decentralization, local self-government, taxation, budget. JEL Classification Н50, H72, H77 Formulas: 0; fig.: 0; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 33.
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Vavilov, A. N. "On the Political Aspects of Development of the System of State and Municipal Management in Ukraine." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 14, no. 5 (November 7, 2021): 143–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2021-14-5-7.
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The article examines the history of the formation and reform of the system of state and municipal administration in Ukraine. In the conditions when the socio-political space of Ukraine is characterized by pronounced regionalism, and the issue of transition to a federal state system is excluded from the real political agenda, the nature of the development of the system of state and municipal administration can serve as a reflection of the ratio of centrifugal and centripetal trends in the internal political development of Ukraine. The article presents an analysis of the factors of internal political development of Ukraine that most influenced the formation of a centralized system of territorial administration in the country in the post- Soviet period and predetermined the weakness of local self-government, as well as the reasons for the failure of several attempts at reforms. Special attention is paid to the implementation of the decentralization policy after 2014. The article reveals the connection of the concept of modern administrative-territorial reform in Ukraine with the settlement process in the Donbas, as well as with the approaches in Western political science, according to which decentralization is considered as a tool for neutralizing the political potential of regionalism and countering regional separatism. The results and political orientation of decentralization in the context of the acute socio- economic crisis in Ukraine are evaluated.
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Prantama, Muhammad Barqah. "The Aspects of Policy Determination in the Formation of Autonomous Regions in Indonesia." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 8, no. 9 (September 4, 2021): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i9.2987.
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This article examines the aspects that are determined in the formation of autonomous regions in Indonesia. As a country that adheres to the principle of decentralization, the policy of establishing an autonomous region is important and urgent in the context of the welfare of the people. The research method used in this article uses a literature search study. The results of the research are aspects used in the formation of autonomous regions are population criteria, economic capability criteria, regional potential criteria, financial capability criteria, socio-cultural criteria, socio-political criteria, area, defense and security, community welfare level, and span of control.
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Gordienko, V., M. Onischenko, and I. Malionkina. "FOREIGN DECENTRALIZATION EXPERIENCE OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES AND THE POSSIBILITY OF ITS TRANSFORMATION IN UKRAINE." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu, no. 3 (2019): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2019.3-11.
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The article is devoted to urgent issues of reforming local self-government. It has been proved that decentralization of public authority is a mechanism that ensures sustainable development of the regions of the state on the basis of legislatively regulated processes of transfer of functions, authority and budgets of central executive bodies to local self-government bodies. The peculiarities in process of decentralization of power and reform of local self-government in Ukraine have been analyzed. As a result, we have some positive tendencies of the implementation this reform and some problems as well. The main ones are: the inconsistency of local policy about socio-economic development with real interests of territorial communities; lack of joint and several liability for development of the territory; inconsistency of sectoral decentralization with the real interests of territorial communities; regulation in rights of ownership of the territorial community for property, etc. The classical models of organization of local self-government and decentralization of public authority in foreign countries have been reviewed. They were: Anglo-Saxon, Continental and mixed ones. The dynamics of decentralization of public authority in Poland were examined and it was proved that this reform contributed to the formation of private property in state, development of democracy, creation of effective political institutions, increase of resource base of local self-government bodies, the protection of individual rights, development of civil and political freedom. The basic conditions for implementation the reform of decentralization of public authority have been defined, such as: consolidation of political forces in implementation the reform; permanent in creating socio-economic programs of development the administrative and territorial units; public support and control over reform. Keywords: decentralization, local self-government bodies, a reform, foreign experience of decentralization of public authority, administrative-territorial division.
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VARNALII ZAKHARII, VARNALII ZAKHARII, LIUDMYLA DEMYDENKO, YULIIA NAKONECHNA, and NATALIIA MIEDVIEDKOVA. "LESSONS FROM FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION IN UKRAINE." Globalization and Business 4, no. 7 (June 25, 2019): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35945/gb.2019.07.009.
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In order to build an effective model of management of budget funds, it is important to ensure the constant and systematic disclosure of information on the accumulation of financial resources of the state and local budgets and the directions for their use. The first results of the process of fiscal decentralization in Ukraine are considered, which is accompanied by changes in the budget and tax legislation. Specifics of the formation of tax revenues of budgets of joint territorial communities are outlined. The state of disclosure of budget documents by the amalgamated territorial communities is highlighted and the need for coordination of the authorities in this area is indicated. Understanding citizens› spending processes in the public sector can significantly increase confidence in state institutions, provide conditions for the implementation of necessary reforms in all-important areas of the country. In the context of the fiscal decentralization reform launched in 2015, the issue of transparency of financial information at the local level in Ukraine is raised, as significant amounts of financial resources are transferred to local budgets. Strengthening the focus on local government action on effective management of budget funds should be a priority for public organizations and political parties. The implementation of the state policy aimed at increasing transparency and openness in the management of financial resources in the public sector will ensure the tangible results in the social and economic spheres that will be obtained by the citizens of the communities.
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VARNALII ZAKHARII, VARNALII ZAKHARII, LIUDMYLA DEMYDENKO, YULIIA NAKONECHNA, and NATALIIA MIEDVIEDKOVA. "LESSONS FROM FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION IN UKRAINE." Globalization and Business 4, no. 7 (June 25, 2019): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35945/gb.2019.07.009.
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In order to build an effective model of management of budget funds, it is important to ensure the constant and systematic disclosure of information on the accumulation of financial resources of the state and local budgets and the directions for their use. The first results of the process of fiscal decentralization in Ukraine are considered, which is accompanied by changes in the budget and tax legislation. Specifics of the formation of tax revenues of budgets of joint territorial communities are outlined. The state of disclosure of budget documents by the amalgamated territorial communities is highlighted and the need for coordination of the authorities in this area is indicated. Understanding citizens› spending processes in the public sector can significantly increase confidence in state institutions, provide conditions for the implementation of necessary reforms in all-important areas of the country. In the context of the fiscal decentralization reform launched in 2015, the issue of transparency of financial information at the local level in Ukraine is raised, as significant amounts of financial resources are transferred to local budgets. Strengthening the focus on local government action on effective management of budget funds should be a priority for public organizations and political parties. The implementation of the state policy aimed at increasing transparency and openness in the management of financial resources in the public sector will ensure the tangible results in the social and economic spheres that will be obtained by the citizens of the communities.
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Nezhyva, Olga. "Modernization of educational policy in the context of modern civilization processes." International Scientific Journal of Universities and Leadership, no. 1(9) (August 7, 2020): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31874/2520-6702-2020-9-1-78-86.
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The article is devoted to the study of the modernization of educational policy in the context of modern civilization processes. The author considers the main features of the educational policy modernization process in the article. Based on the publications and studies of domestic and foreign scientists, the following features were identified: firstly, there is a high level of knowledge pragmatization. An important criterion for the quality and effectiveness of knowledge acquired in education is the ability to sell this knowledge. Secondly, the growing dependence of education on a wide range of socio-political and economic institutions, recalls the phenomenon of "enslavement" of the university by the market, and, in turn, entails the intervention of politicians and businessmen in science and education. Thirdly, the vast majority of researchers note the civilizational and cultural monopolies of Western countries, primarily the United States.
The article finds that decentralization, deconcentration, democratization and liberalization imply the proliferation of educational policy actors. Education policy should refrain from monosubjectivity and become polysubjective. To do this, it must be based not only on state, but also on public mechanisms for regulating activities, create and maintain a favorable environment for the existence and functioning of alternatives, which is a necessary condition for free educational interaction and understanding of education as a practice of freedom.
This study is the first systematic analysis of the phenomenon of educational policy in the modern civilization process, which is based on the basic principles of decentralization and liberalization of education at all levels, the formation of nonlinear thinking of teachers, improving the efficiency of education, improving education. The use of the obtained results can be further used in the development and formation of state educational policy in Ukraine. Because, the principles of effective Ukrainian educational policy of the future are offered.
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Gambles, Anna. "Free Trade and State Formation: The Political Economy of Fisheries Policy in Britain and the United Kingdom circa 1780–1850." Journal of British Studies 39, no. 3 (July 2000): 288–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/386221.
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It is striking that historians of the early nineteenth century have been relatively reluctant to consider relationships between economic policy and the consolidation of the British state. In today's context, the economic and political challenges posed by both European integration and resurgent nationalism have generated hotly contested controversies on the political economy of state formation. From the perspective of the United Kingdom, the prospect of political and administrative devolution has forced us to address the implications of political decentralization for regional economic development (and vice versa) and to consider in turn the impact of these dynamics on the political integrity of a multinational state. For Britain, the period between circa 1780 and 1850 was characterized by unprecedented economic growth, imperial crisis and acquisition, and political consolidation. In a metropolitan sense the most dramatic feature of this process was, of course, the creation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in 1800. Insofar as historians of early nineteenth-century Britain have examined the relationship between “state formation” and economic policy, however, they have tended to focus on the ideas, politics, and pressures surrounding the retreat of the state from economic intervention. Thus in more general accounts it became axiomatic that the nineteenth-century state shrank progressively from social and economic intervention, liberating commerce, and resting the fiscal system on secure but modest direct taxation.More recently, the relationship between the concept of “laissez-faire” and British state formation has been dramatically revised and refined by Philip Harling and Peter Mandler.
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Stonis, Danylo. "MENTALITY INFLUENCE ON POLITICAL EVENTS IN UKRAINE." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 43, no. 6 (June 18, 2021): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/4327.
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Since the declaration of independence, Ukraine has been involved in a rapid pace of events, aimed at building statehood and understanding the direction of the political course. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult to understand why, despite a series of revolutions, Russian aggression and numerous difficult steps to democratize the country through decentralization and territorial development, Ukraine has not yet formed a clear political course and ensured the stability of key state institutions, such as judicial, police and taxation systems. Such questions arise quite often and probably do not have an unambiguous answer. This article is devoted to those aspects of the Ukrainian mentality that have caused the current political situation in the state. The article reveals why, despite a series of revolutions, Russian aggression and a number of important steps to democratize countries through decentralization and territorial development, Ukraine does not form a clear political course and does not ensure the stability of key state institutions, such as the judicial, police and tax systems. The article utilizes the method of analysis, which is based on the comparison of historical events and their reflection in modern conditions. In addition to the aforementioned, the method of induction is introduced, which provides possibility of identifying a pattern in the presence of a limited amount of observations of recurring historical events. The article contains sections that consistently consider the historical facts, that have influenced the formation of the mentality of Ukraine, which has a significant impact on the formation of society and the choice of the leader, elected by the society. The article seeks to reveal the causes of certain political events in Ukraine from the influence of the Ukrainian mentality on them and to consider those aspects of it that hinder or help Ukrainians in the difficult process of state building. The purpose of the article is to determine the factors shaping the Ukrainian mentality that have an impact on the political processes that have been taking place for decades in Ukraine. The article does not criticize or accept the Ukrainian mentality, but on the contrary, reveals its historical stages of formation and influence on political processes in Ukraine in order to analyze, understand and predict them.
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Derhaliuk, Marta, Olha Popelo, Svitlana Tulchynska, Kostyantyn Mashnenkov, and Danylo Berezovskyi. "State policy of the potential-forming space transformation in the context of the regional development intensification." Cuestiones Políticas 39, no. 70 (October 10, 2021): 80–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3970.04.
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From a documentary-based methodology, the article examines the existing aspects of the state policy of transformation of the space that forms potentialities in the context of intensification of regional development. The framework for the formation of an institutional environment to ensure the space for the formation of potential, includes: legislative basis; institutional and legal support for regions to gain importance in the global market. In addition, the existing shortcomings of the State policy of transformation of the space that forms potentialities in the context of intensification of regional development are highlighted, which are characterized by: imperfection of the legislative basis of regional development; unstable relations between different levels of government; disregard for threats and risks in the formation of priority tasks and regional development goals; the practice of not having to implement strategic plans and regional development tasks, etc. It is concluded that the existing state policy on the subject that can influence regional development requires improvements, these improvements will further help to increase the efficiency of management decisions and bring to their full completion the reforms initiated in the direction of political and administrative decentralization in Ukraine.
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Siryk, Zinoviy, Rostyslav Bilyk, and Olena Panukhnyk. "Territorial framework of local self-government: basis of legislative regulation." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 7, no. 3 (November 30, 2020): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.7.3.147-155.
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Ukraine is increasingly trying to integrate into European structures. The civilizational, geopolitical and geo-economic choice for our country is obvious, therefore, difficult, consistent and sometimes unconventional and unpopular political decisions are required to implement it. The real implementation of the deconcentration, decentralization and subsidiarity principles in the practice of public administration is necessary, in particular, due to the introduction of new models of relations between the political center and the regions. Regional disproportions in the territory development of Ukraine, the failure to implement the reform on the ground in specific administrative and territorial units, the spread of corruption schemes – all these are the consequences of an ineffective model of local self-government and state management of regional development, that became the beginning of the administrative and territorial reform in the state. And in order to ensure a high-quality process of administrative and territorial reform, it is important, and to some extent and the most basic, is the process of adopting high-quality regulatory base for legislation. The article identifies the main directions for the formation of an effective management system at all levels, including: the formation of an optimal territorial basis, the provision of appropriate material, administrative, organizational and financial conditions for the implementation of the powers granted to them by local governments, a clear delineation of powers between management bodies of different levels based on decentralization, mechanism development of the state control and population involvement in the community development. The legislative base, which was adopted in the context of supporting the reform of local self-government in Ukraine, has been analyzed. The legislative guidelines for the decentralization reform and regional policy in Ukraine have been determined and substantiated. Deficiencies and shortcomings of the normative-legal and institutional support system of the local self-government reform have been identified and ways of their elimination have been proposed.
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Batanova, Natalia M. "DECENTRALIZATION OF POWER IN THE ASPECT OF REALIZATION OF LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY IN LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN UKRAINE." Bulletin of Alfred Nobel University Series "Law" 2, no. 3 (December 2021): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2709-6408-2021-2-3-4.
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The article is devoted to the study of local self-government as an important means of realizing the rights of territorial communities and their members. The author of the article argues that the territorial community is a necessary democratic counterweight to the central government and helps to limit the manifestations of arbitrariness on the part of the state. The urgency of the issue of decentralization of public power and the development of local self-government is beyond doubt. The author draws attention to the experience of European countries. This experience proves the need for systemic reforms in the field of decentralization of power in order to increase the role of local self-government in overcoming economic, socio-cultural and, in some cases, political and legal problems of society. It is determined that according to modern economic and political research; decentralization of power can have both positive and negative impact on economic indicators of the country’s development and the well-being of citizens. It has been explored that decentralization can also mobilize underutilized resources, creating competition among subnational governments and delivering better policy outcomes. The author’s opinion is substantiated that decentralization can bring the government closer to the people, thus promoting greater transparency and accountability. The author’s position is given that in poor regions with underdeveloped economies, decentralization may not lead to better coordination of public goods and services with the needs of the population. The article pays special attention to the problems of implementation of the concept of “responsible city” in the life of communities and the implementation of social responsibility and transparency of municipalities. It is stated that in many cities around the world, municipalities are increasingly taking into account the environmental and social aspects of community development. Foreign experience has been revealed, which shows that without the formation of a holistic mechanism (social, political, legal) responsibility in local self-government as a separate territorial community can not be formed as a primary subject of local self-government, and the people as a whole can not become a real sovereign state. The author proves the relevance of the topic of constitutional and legal responsibility in local self-government. It is concluded that the world practice of real decentralized public power shows the need to form not only independent and self-sufficient territorial communities, but also responsible local self-government.
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Yaroshenko, I. V., and I. B. Semigulina. "Global Trends in Public Management of Territorial Development in the Context of Decentralization of Power." Business Inform 11, no. 514 (2020): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-11-96-103.
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The progressive development of each country is the result of an effective management system at all levels of economic administration. Of particular importance is regional (territorial) development, due to the growing role of public regional management, the formation of local self-government, the influence of public organization of power on the socio-economic development of territories. In the context of activation of processes of decentralization of power, public management, transfer into the regions of certain powers to local authorities and increased responsibility for their activities significantly expands the socio-economic status of certain territories (regions, communities), the issues of development and stimulation, availability of effective mechanisms and instruments for socio-economic development of region (territories, communities, etc.) are becoming relevant. The existence of regional development problems in Ukraine with clear signs of increasing disparities of socio-economic indicators, increasing the number of problematic and backward territories, exacerbation of interregional socio-political tensions necessitates studying the world experience of functioning and development of territorial socio-economic systems and opportunities for the use of best practices for the formation of their own regional policy on the basis of effective management of territorial development in the conditions of decentralization of power. Changes in the legislation of Ukraine in terms of decentralization of power should concern the consolidation of the constitutional basis of local self-government, determination of its system and functioning with further detailed legislative regulation. This, on the one hand, will ensure the constitutional guarantee of local self-government, on the other hand – will provide a legal framework for its further development and improvement.
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Yaroshenko, I. V., and I. B. Semigulina. "Global Trends in Public Management of Territorial Development in the Context of Decentralization of Power." Business Inform 11, no. 514 (2020): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-11-96-103.
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The progressive development of each country is the result of an effective management system at all levels of economic administration. Of particular importance is regional (territorial) development, due to the growing role of public regional management, the formation of local self-government, the influence of public organization of power on the socio-economic development of territories. In the context of activation of processes of decentralization of power, public management, transfer into the regions of certain powers to local authorities and increased responsibility for their activities significantly expands the socio-economic status of certain territories (regions, communities), the issues of development and stimulation, availability of effective mechanisms and instruments for socio-economic development of region (territories, communities, etc.) are becoming relevant. The existence of regional development problems in Ukraine with clear signs of increasing disparities of socio-economic indicators, increasing the number of problematic and backward territories, exacerbation of interregional socio-political tensions necessitates studying the world experience of functioning and development of territorial socio-economic systems and opportunities for the use of best practices for the formation of their own regional policy on the basis of effective management of territorial development in the conditions of decentralization of power. Changes in the legislation of Ukraine in terms of decentralization of power should concern the consolidation of the constitutional basis of local self-government, determination of its system and functioning with further detailed legislative regulation. This, on the one hand, will ensure the constitutional guarantee of local self-government, on the other hand – will provide a legal framework for its further development and improvement.
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MAKSYMCHUK, Maksym. "INSTITUTIONAL BASIS OF EXCLUSIVITY OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT REGULATION." Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2020-1-33.
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Introduction. Reforming the political-administrative system on the basis of decentralization significantly expands the range of subjects of policy making and decision-making, as the regional and local levels of the political process are strengthened. This makes it possible to involve citizens more widely in political decision-making. However, in this context there is a threat of forming separate regional and local "clusters". They will arbitrarily interpret the rules set by the central government. The institutional basis for the exclusivity of regional development regulation should be understood as a set of institutions, formal and informal rules of administrative and economic behavior of management and economic entities in the regions of the state, which impede access of all actors to economic development. The Purpose of this article is identifying the institutional factors of exclusive development of the regions of the state and substantiating the recommendations for improving the efficiency of regulatory processes on the basis of an inclusive model of regional development. Results. In the article the development peculiarities of the formation processes of the exclusion of the regional development regulation are analyzed. Problems related to the functioning of the institution of the administrative market are outlined. Recommendations for improving the efficiency of the regional governance system are substantiated and the prospects for its development in the context of the introduction of an inclusive model are identified. Conclusion. It is noted that the efficiency and reliability of the regional development regulation system depends on a number of institutional factors that should act in the direction of overcoming political and economic exclusion and the formation of inclusive governance institutions in the regions of Ukraine. This process requires the development of an overall strategy, the formation of which is greatly complicated by the transfer of some political processes to the regional and local levels. Keywords: institutional development, system with open and limited access, regional development regulation, exclusive and inclusive development, administrative market, administrative reform, decentralization, region, Ukraine.
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CHEBERYAKO, Oksana, and Maryna KULISH. "NECESSITY AND RESULTS OF FINANCIAL DECENTRALIZATION." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 1(54) (2018): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2018.01.035.
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Introduction. Local budgets are the most numerous link of the budget system, the financial base of local authorities, which plays a decisive role in implementing regional policy through financing public expenditures and are the key to the emergence of a capable and efficient local government. However, the unsatisfactory results of the local authorities functioning in previous periods have led to the objective need to reform existing structure of local finances through fiscal decentralization. Purpose.To characterize the essence of financial decentralization from the point of view of its necessity for the economy of territorial and administrative units development and to analyze the success and risks of its implementation in Ukraine. Methods. In the course of writing the article, several methods were used. Among them were the method of analysis and synthesis, scientific comparison, formal logic and dialectics. Results. It has been determined that since the beginning of financial decentralization, the share of local budgets in the consolidated budget of Ukraine has doubled. The local budget revenues has increased in 2.8 times. Facts above indicate increasing in financial resources available to local authorities and, accordingly, more equal distribution of powers and opportunities of local and state authorities. The financial capacity of local budgets is evidenced by the balance of funds on accounts, which at the end of 2017 were amounted to 78.1 billion UAH. As a result, due to the accumulated resources of local budgets, more expenditure responsibilities has been given to local authorities. In addition, since the beginning of 2015, the formation of united territorial communities has begun, of which 699 had been formed by the end of 2017, but only 159 of them are fully operational. However, despite of the results achieved, significant financial, administrative and political factors threaten to continue fiscal decentralization. Conclusion. Despite the successful implementation of financial reform for local budgets, neglecting obvious risks can have a significant impact on the budgetary system of Ukraine. Therefore, the state and local authorities should further strengthen the requirements for the quality of community associations, control over their implementation and more objective planning and analysis of the results achieved, as the shortcomings in the reform will tend to be strengthened and may have a synergistic effect.
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Boyko, S., O. Dragan, and K. Tkachenko. "Current trends in debt policy of city councils and directions of its improvement." Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, no. 1 (155) (May 21, 2020): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2020-155-1-56-67.
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The need to rethink the role of urban debt policy in accordance with the growing needs of urban communities and their sustainable socio-economic development is identified. In Ukraine, the legal preconditions for the formation of cities' own debt policy and the implementation of borrowing in both domestic and foreign nancial markets. The current state of local budgets and decentralization processes only highlight the need for cities to develop debt policy. The formation of the institution of local borrowings in Ukraine is analyzed and an in-depth analysis of borrowings of city councils in 2014-2019 is carried out with the definition of three periods: 2014-2015 - increase in borrowed funds, but such borrowings were formed mainly due to debt activity of Kyiv City Council domestic local bonds; 2016–2017 - decrease in the amount of borrowed funds, which occurred under the inÀuence of macroeconomic, political and fiscal instability; 2018-2019 - resumption of debt activity of city councils that had experience of borrowing in the previous, relatively analyzed, period and diversification of forms of local borrowing. Based on the cluster analysis, the main characteristics of the modern debt policy of city councils of Ukraine, which is based on the di൵erentiation of city councils-borrowers, are determined. The main borrower remains the Kyiv City Council (the share was about 67%), the activity of borrowings was noted in the following city councils: Zaporizhia, Dnipro, Lviv, Odessa, Ivano-Frankivsk. It is established that the debt policy of city councils is based on raising funds from NEFCO, state-owned banks and the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine. Improving the debt policy of city councils of Ukraine should be based on the synergy of actions of central government agencies: (Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, Debt Agency of Ukraine, NBU, National securities and stock market commission (NSSMC)Financial Control Ofice, etc.) and city councils. Vectors for improving the debt policy of city councils should be an integral part of the Strategy for the Development of the Financial Sector of Ukraine until 2025 and meet its key strategic goals and directions. Key words: debt policy, local debt, local borrowings, domestic local government bonds, external local government bonds, fiscal decentralization.
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Sokolska, Тetiana, Viktoriia Panasiuk, Svitlana Polishchuk, and Bohdan Osypenko. "State private partnership as a public policy tool under decentralization of power in Ukraine." Public administration aspects 8, no. 6 (December 30, 2020): 192–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/1520117.
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The article considers the issue of public policy formation in terms of state private partnership development as the most efficient form of interaction between public authorities, private business and science implemented on the principles of equality.The study defines the essence of the concept of ‘state private partnership (SPP), its purpose, forms, areas of implementation and characteristics from the standpoint of institutional theory and identifies the benefits of state private partnership. The partnership comprises the possibility of attracting additional financial resources that can be used for community development, the possibility to restore infrastructure, to receive quality services and socio-economic benefits and additional jobs; business and the state share the risks.The study investigates the state of public and private partnership realization in Ukraine and the leading countries and defines risks for public authorities and the private investor as well as factors constraining this process in Ukraine. These include imperfect regulatory and institutional support, lack of political will; lack of standard, simple and transparent tender procedures for SPP projects and defined priority areas for their implementation, unstable legislation on attracting foreign direct investment.The study examines the current state of legal regulation state private partnership in Ukraine and justifies the need to improve the institutional support of this process in terms of forming public policy to involve regional higher education institutions into examination of innovative projects and the staff training.The expediency of introduction of state private partnership relations as a form of cooperation between public administration bodies and private economic entities for the purpose of sustainable rural development in the conditions of decentralization of power is substantiated. In order to ensure the effective implementation of state private partnership projects, public authorities should pay attention to creating a number of mandatory general prerequisites and ensure a proper examination of documents provided by potential private partners to make sure they show the real situation through involving scientists in this process.
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Golovinov, A. V. "Political Narrative of the Early Stage of the Ideology of Siberian Regionalism." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies 40 (2022): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3380.2022.40.9.
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In the article, based on a hermeneutic analysis of published sources, presented in numerous journalistic works of the founders of the ideology of the Siberian regionalism N. M. Yadrintsev and G.N. Potanin, the genesis of political discourse in this system of views is reconstructed. The author focuses on the early period of the formation of the political thought of regionalism, which came to a close. 1860s – early. 1870s It is shown that at that time an extensive discussion about the essence, nature and structure of the state unfolded. It has been established that decentralization, autonomy, federation built on the “bottom-up” principle and the concept of equality in relations between the center and the provinces are the paradigms that have acquired the level of political and philosophical generalizations in the works of the leaders of Siberian regionalism. Free self-government, the principle of legal equality of all parts of the state, taking into account the interests of the outskirts for the regionals were integral principles for building the state as an institution of joint and equal community of people. The article also notes that one of the first political science developments of the classics of regionalism was a sharp criticism of the state penitentiary policy of the Russian Empire. In particular, the political and economic vegetation of the Siberian region N. M. Yadrintsev associated with the miscalculations of the country's criminal policy.
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Bashtannyk, Vitalii, and Mariia Kudriavtseva. "Decentralization reforms as modern concept of state development." Public administration and local government 45, no. 2 (July 23, 2020): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33287/102015.
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Features of public administration reform in the context of modern decentralization processes are studied. The analysis of features of formation of system of authorities is carried out, the legislative and regulatory base of activity of authorities of various levels is considered. The actual scientific problem of substantiation of theoretical and methodological principles of the transformation process in the system of public administration is solved. A conceptual approach to solving the problem of content of modern public administration reform in the format of initiatives of the President of Ukraine to reform public administration is proposed, with the criteria of decentralization reform proposed to be used as factors influencing the reform process in Ukraine and equally as transformational factors in public administration. The multifaceted nature of the transformation process in the system of public administration due to the influence of political, economic and social components is demonstrated, the concepts of socialization of management, humanization of management, complex administrative systems are determined.
Author’s approaches to periodization of development of processes of formation of strategy of reforming of authorities are developed, system characteristics of development of public relations in Ukraine in the field of development of a state policy are resulted. Using the results of the study, the principles of forming the concept of development of the Ukrainian state, as well as the methodological basis for improving the management model at the central and regional levels were developed.
Based on the analysis of the activities of regional institutions of government, the directions of public administration reform at the regional level are proposed. In general, the regional level of government has been adopted as a baseline in the process of public administration reform in the context of decentralization reform. Internal and external factors of influence on the transformation process, their characteristics are determined, the stages of institutionalization of public administration are established. It is substantiated that in the process of public administration reform it is necessary to determine the structure and methodology of analysis of the impact of decentralization, the presence of a generalized set of tools to improve public administration in the central, regional and sectoral levels by combining technologies of socio-economic development and organizational and management mechanisms.
A new approach to the formalization of governance as the influence of the state on public relations by introducing the concept of an integrated system of public administration and the principles, forms and methods of interaction of elements of such a system are proposed.
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Слатинов, Vladimir Slatinov, Меркулова, and Kseniya Merkulova. "MODERN STAGE OF RUSSIAN MUNICIPAL REFORM: CONTENTS AND EFFECTS." Central Russian Journal of Social Sciences 10, no. 3 (May 29, 2015): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11674.
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The dominant trend of Russian home policy currently is strengthening the political control of presidential power over lower levels of public authority hierarchy. At the same time in relation to the regions the strategy of partial decentralization of powers and increasing of responsibilities of state bodies of the Federation for the quality of economic policy and the implementation of social obligations to the population by the Federal Centre is implemented. This strategy involves the empowerment of regional authorities on the formation of institutional design and definition of the scope of the powers of local self-government within the selective choice established by the federal legislator. Using new opportunities regional authorities introduce management models in the municipalities, in which the heads of executive bodies are elected by the representative bodies on the contest. Application of these models reinforces the dependence of municipalities on authorities of the bodies of the Federation, creating opportunities for professionalization of management of executive structures of municipalities and reducing the direct accountability to the people of the past.
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Tulchinsky, Rostislav. "CATEGORIAL AND CONCEPTUAL APPARATUS OF NEW REGIONALISM FORMATION." Economic Analysis, no. 27(4) (2017): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2017.04.111.
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Introduction. The process of a new regionalism formation in Ukraine has become the subject of the study. Its conceptual and categorical apparatus has been determined. Purpose. The article aims to ground the author's interpretation of the concept "regionalization" on the basis of analysis of the "regionalization" concept which is provided by researchers of various scientific schools and their critical analysis. It will help to clarify the categorical and conceptual apparatus of a new regionalism. Method. The author has used general scientific methods of research and specific methods of scientific knowledge. In particular, there have been used the monographic method and the method of generalizations (to make the comparison of concepts regionalization); the method of analysis and synthesis (to determine the most important essential factors of the "regionalization" concept). Results. The results of analysis of essence interpretation of the «regionalization» concept make it possible to come to the following conclusions. In terms of spatial and territorial aspects regionalization has three forms: first form is the so-called "regionalization – from the top" (when within the state the regions with administrative boundaries are determined); second form is the so-called "regionalization – from the bottom" (when within the already formed administrative schematization the region can be separated; third form is the so-called "regionalization – horizontal" (when the associations of the regions are formed or those can be the cross-border regions and units). Regionalization is often associated with new spatial and territorial entities at different levels in order to obtain competitive advantages in the context of the formation of an information society. Regionalization is considered as a mechanism of regional social and economic policy, a variety of innovation activities, and the emergence of interstate relations; as a process of institutional change, territorial division, regionalism, decentralization, the choice of a political course. It has been found out that regionalization, in our opinion, is primarily a certain process, which is confirmed by the discourse on the essence of this concept, which is based on the principle of subsidiarity and decentralization of authority. Scope of results. It has been provided the author's interpretation of the "regionalization" essence as a multidimensional process of increasing autonomy and increasing the importance of regions at the level of different territorial entities, which is accompanied by institutional changes, can contribute to the clarification of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of a new regionalism theory.
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Kosovan, Elena A. "FORMATION OF THE MOLDOVAN LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION (1990S)." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Eurasian Studies. History. Political Science. International Relations, no. 4 (2021): 53–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7648-2021-4-53-85.
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The article considers the process of formation of the institutional and legal framework for the local self-government system in the Republic of Moldova. Chronologically, the study covers the first decade after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The author places the formation of the national local self-government system in the context of the European vector of Moldovan foreign policy, analysing the process (especially the implementation of the so- called “decentralization reform”) from the perspective of Moldova’s interaction with the European Union and the Council of Europe. The theories of formal structure and social imitation provide the conceptual framework for the study. The author briefly describes the Soviet self-government system, the gradual abandonment of which was the essence of the reforms of the 1990s, and touches upon the organization of self-governance according to the Anglo-Sax- on and Continental models and the modern systems of self-governance existing in the European Union, to which the Republic of Moldova aspires to become a member. The article consecutively analyses the stages of work of Moldovan legislators aimed at the formation of local authorities, evaluating its results both in terms of compliance with European norms and principles of local self-government organization and in the context of the national ethno-political, institutional and legal, civil and political specificity. According to the author’s hypothesis, the Republic of Moldova builds a system of local self-government by introducing elements of its institutional environment (European principles of regionalization and deconcentration) into its formal structures, but proceeds not so much from their compliance with specific goals and objectives of the Moldovan state, its political, economic and sociocultural specificities, as from their symbolic weight and ability to legitimize Moldova on the international scene as a state successfully undergoing a democratic transition.
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Bantash, Anastasiia, Viktor Koval, Maryna Bashynska, and Valentyna Kozlovtseva. "Balanced territorial economic development in the conditions of providing stability of human resources management." Economics. Ecology. Socium 4, no. 3 (September 18, 2020): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2020.4.3-6.
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Introduction. Reforming the territorial organization of power on the principles of decentralization is one of the key areas of systemic social transformation in Ukraine. The development of a country is impossible without the development of its regions and depends on how effective and efficient is the management of human resources at the regional and local levels, which act as an economic resource and ensure its social integrity and capacity to implement reforms at the regional level.
Aim and tasks. The purpose of this article is to study the impact of decentralization reforms in Ukraine, in particular its impact on management efficiency and ensuring the stability of human resources development for the balanced development of territorial socio-economic systems.
Results. The paper considers theoretical and practical issues of decentralization as a process that is currently taking place in Ukraine. Emphasis is placed on the fact that decentralization should become a development factor for social, cultural, economic, financial, environmental and other systems, and through these systems a development factor for citizens. At the regional level, it is within the territorial socio-economic systems that human potential is concentrated and human resources are reproduced, which are a source of competitive advantage.
Conclusions. The lack of rational zoning of territories and a balanced administrative-territorial structure is due to the lack of effective regional management, which should be based on the use of improved organizational and economic mechanisms for the development of administrative-territorial units. In conditions when human resources were considered not as a factor of production, but as an important resource for achieving the goals of the organization, uniting the interests of representatives of united territorial communities becomes the main principle of reproduction of human resources and balanced development of territories. To achieve the self-sufficiency of local self-government, a number of objective and subjective dangers of the development of undesirable political consequences are currently hindered. The decisive factor in overcoming the negative processes in the economy and social life of the country is the formation of personnel policy in a decentralized government, as the ability of government to manage effectively depends on the professional level of its managers.
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Borodina, Oksana. "Organizational and Economic Mechanism for Ensuring the Development of Spatial Formations in Conditions of Decentralization. Current Issues of New Zoning." Management of Economy: Theory and Practice. Chumachenko’s Annals, no. 2021 (December 23, 2021): 13–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37405/2221-1187.2021.13-34.
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Modern reform processes АТУ with the accompanying processes of fiscal decentralization have consequences for a number of unresolved but urgent issues: the complication of macroeconomic policy, especially fiscal coordination, the aggravation of inherited territorial disparities, problems of institutional perfection of decentralized units that receive delegated powers. At the same time, analyzing the experience of countries with similar potential helps to determine their prospects without repeating other people’s mistakes. Thus, the experience of European countries, in particular, Poland, proves that the three-level structure of the territorial organization of power in the continental system of local self-government bodies is effective, and the correlation identity with the Polish territorial system gives Ukraine the opportunity to take into account the positive consequences and minimize risks. The article contains reasonable evidence of the need to take into account in Ukraine the European approach to territorial division and the nomenclature of territorial units for the purposes of NUTS statistics. Based on the ratio between the categories of income of administrative divisions in Poland, we propose our own vision of building a national system of budget and tax distribution with the introduction of fundamentally new institutions and mechanisms. A conceptual vision of the system strategy of economic development of spatial formations is presented. Taking into account the frequency of Kondratiev cycles, it is noted that for the period of 25-30 years of the half-cycle of the descending wave at the community level, the territorial community should develop for its own strategic development such scenarios of advanced development that could be implemented in the next half-cycle (25-30 years of the next ascending wave). The advantages and threats of budget decentralization, its main determinants in European countries are presented. Taking into account some experience of the relevant fiscal processes in our country since 2019, an analytical study of budget decentralization in its political, regulatory, organizational and institutional planes was conducted. The institutional problem of the new spatial division is considered at the level of a new enlarged district – as a new player in the administrative-territorial division of the state. An urgent problem was stated-an extreme lack of funds even for the exercise of their own powers. To achieve a positive effect of organizing the work of state authorities at all levels of the territorial organization of power, it is proposed to use the possibility of applying the positive effect of external externalities. When the effective work of a public authority is achieved from the synergy of the work of two subjects, with characteristic functions and a range of rights and powers. A number of recommendations are made to streamline the regulatory framework for normalizing the further process of budget decentralization and improving the efficiency of the work of subregional authorities. It was noted that the process of decentralization should be closely linked to the new regional policy and the transformation of the entire regional structure, as well as ensure social legitimacy and Justice. Keywords budget decentralization, spatial division, administrative-territorial structure, Regional Development, extra-budgetary funds.
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Murniati, Murniati. "ANALISIS DAMPAK PEMEKARAN WILAYAH TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PERKAPITA DIKABUPATEN KERINCI." J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen dan Sains) 2, no. 1 (April 29, 2017): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v2i1.20.
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The Indonesian nation has reformed the governance since the enactment of Law No.22 of 1999 on Regional Government. Since then innovative ideas and experiments have been conducted to improve the implementation of regional autonomy and decentralization in order to improve public services and poverty alleviation effectively. One of the most important aspects of the current implementation of regional autonomy is related to the division and merger of regions which aims to strengthen the relationship between local government and local communities in order to grow democratic life. Kerinci regency is one of the districts located at the western end of Jambi Province. This regency is one of the oldest districts in Jambi Province which has been established as a district in Jambi Province since the province was officially established. Kota Sungai Penuh is an expansion of Kerinci Regency established through Law Number 25 Year 2008 regarding the Formation of Full River City in Jambi Province. Based on the results and discussion it can be concluded that this study proves that there is a difference of Per Capita income in Kerinci Regency 2005-2013, four years before pemekaran (2005-2008) with four years after pemekaran (2010-2013), this is proved by Count> t table or 9.991> 3.18245. There needs to be a more targeted program and policy making for the development of Kerinci Regency and the economic development of the community as well as resolving the economic problems that exist in Kerinci regency so that pemekaran is not merely limited to the formulation of articles related to eligibility, and the process of expansion but also policy Which is able to meet the needs of the community and the development of the Regency in order to move forward. The need for support from all parties for the successful development of both community, private, political policy and government of Kerinci Regency.Keyword : the implementation of regional autonomy and decentralization
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Horbatenko, Volodymyr. "STRATEGY AND TACTICS OF POLITICAL AND LEGAL DEVELOPMENT: ANALYTICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF BASIC CONCEPTS." Politology bulletin, no. 87 (2021): 24–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2415-881x.2021.87.24-43.
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Possibilities and prospects of introduction of the concept of strategy and tactics of political and legal development into scientific circulation are analyzed. The analytical substantiation of the basic concepts accompanying it is carried out. The implemented comprehensive political and legal approach allowed to generalize, systematize and optimize the information concerning formation of strategy and tactics of political and legal development of the state and society in modern Ukraine. Some important areas of strategy and tactics development in this context are outlined, such as: mobile response to national security challenges (in modern globalization the concept of «national security» is understood broadly and goes far beyond the activities of special services); interaction of government and civil society (strategic planning of interaction between government and civil society is important to ensure the democratic development of the state and the effective development of certain areas of political and legal development); modernization of the administrative-territorial system (regional and local strategies are becoming increasingly popular in Ukraine in connection with the large-scale national decentralization program); increasing the effectiveness of legal policy in the information sphere (the future depends on the state’s ability to develop and implement an effective information policy, especially given the hybrid aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and other European countries); political and legal support for the functioning of the Ukrainian language as the state language (given the current realities, when the Ukrainian language is not used by a large part of the population in everyday practice, the protective function should be used to protect the state language). It is concluded that the strategy and tactics of political and legal development at the present stage of democratic progress of Ukraine should become an important component of the formation of the overall strategy of national development. And this, in turn, involves the separation and proper theoretical and practical support of the spheres of state and public life, which will be covered by this strategy. Political and legal planning provides for clear coordination of individual strategic programs, continuity of the strategy process and verifiability of its results. The actors in the strategy must be clearly defined in terms of their roles, powers and responsibilities. The strategy in the political and legal sphere should contain the possibility of constant updating, improvement, addition.
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Lesik, I. M. "INNOVATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIALIZATION." Scientific Bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas (Series: Economics and Management in the Oil and Gas Industry), no. 1(19) (May 21, 2019): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2409-0948-2019-1(19)-109-116.
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The article examines the essence, preconditions of formation and development of innovative infrastructure on the course to sustainable industrialization. The author considers the modern tendencies of technological infrastructure development of Ukraine. Such tendencies while globalization demand radical transformations for overcoming of economic backwardness that step up the country on the new level of industrialization. We comparatively evaluated development tendencies of innovative infrastructure using «Global Competitiveness Index», «Global Innovation Index» and several other indicators, demonstrated the resource potential of the country and explained its position in the world ranking. We outlined the shortcomings and risks associated with urbanization, environmental pollution, limited resources, etc. The article shows the causal link between political, institutional, socio-economic, environmental and other factors on the road to sustainable industrialization. It has been proved that the main priorities of each country in defining the strategy of infrastructure development and sustainable industrialization should be focused on healthy pragmatism and national interests.
We investigated that the optimization of the taxational load; observance of a certain proportion between sectors of the national economy; decentralization of power; improvement of antimonopoly policy; development of an effective policy request to reduce anthropogenic load; use of alternative energy; training and retraining of staff and many other aspects requires intensified attention. These aspects are the constitute of an integrated approach to the implementation of strategic orientations for competitiveness, innovation and sustainable development.
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Adobovska, M. V., A. O. Buyanovskiy, N. O. Popelnytska, and V. V. Yavorska. "PRESERVATION OF REGIONAL IDENTITY DURING THE ADMINISTRATIVE REFORM IN UKRAINE (IN EXAMPLE OF THE ODESSA REGION)." Odesa National University Herald. Geography and Geology 26, no. 2(39) (March 25, 2022): 78–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2303-9914.2021.2(39).246196.
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Throughout the history of Ukraine, there have been two opposite tendencies: a historical approach to regional division, which manifested itself in the formation of ideas about the cultural, ethnic, linguistic and other diversity of its historical lands, which for a long time were part of different states and a rational approach – the creation of such administrative-territorial units (provinces, voivodships, districts, regions), which would level regional differences and contribute to political centralization. Since the beginning of Ukraine’s independence in 1991, several attempts have been made to change the administrative-territorial structure in accordance with the European principles of territorial administration. The main purpose of the work is to consider some issues of environmental management and regional identity within the framework of the new districts and administrative and territorial structure created in the Odessa region as a result of the administrative reform. The theoretical basis of the study is the provisions of economic theory, environmental economics, theory of sustainable development, institutional analysis. The methodological basis of the research is a set of such general scientific and special methods used to achieve the goal of the work, in particular, the system approach, the dialectical method of cognition and comparative legal analysis, the historical approach, the method of cause-and-effect relationships, economic and statistical methods. The decentralization policy in Ukraine is an effective model of the identity formation policy at the regional level. In 2014, after the approval of the Concept of reforming local self-government in our country, transformational changes began, which resulted in the approval in 2020 of a new administrative-territorial structure of the district level and the level of territorial communities. As part of the decentralization reform in 2020, the administrative-territorial division of the region has changed. So instead of 490 village, settlement and city councils, 91 territorial communities were allocated, and instead of 26 liquidated districts – 7 new districts. When carrying out the reform, the physical-geographical zoning, natural-recreational potential and socio-cultural characteristics of the multicultural region were not fully taken into account, which ultimately leads to inadequate receipt by a person of the benefits provided for by law, incl. ecosystems. Ignoring these problems may in the near future in the foreseeable future lead to an imbalance in the systems of the region, irrational use of natural resources, including land use, and inconsistency with the existing concept of sustainable development.
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Makohon, Valentyna, and Iryna Adamenko. "Directions of budgetary policy adaptation to socio-economic processes under the transformation conditions." University Economic Bulletin, no. 47 (December 17, 2020): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2020-47-169-176.
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Relevance of the research topic. In the conditions of transformations, the budget policy is the most crucial government economic lever of influence on social and economic processes. The main reasons that hinder the effective implementation of fiscal policy are the political risks associated with finding ways to optimize it. Accordingly, risk assessment is a necessary condition for timely decision-making and ensuring macroeconomic stability, long-term balance, and stability of the budget system. Formulation of the problem. Based on the peculiarities of socio-economic development, important tasks in the conditions of transformations are substantiation of directions of budget policy, optimization of budget revenues and expenditures architecture. At the same time, the choice of budget tools should be made, taking into account the level of economic growth of the country. Analysis of recent research and publications. Problems of formation and implementation of budget policy, its adaptation to socio-economic processes are quite common in research. These are the works of well-known domestic and foreign scientists: J. Keynes, P. Samuelson, J. Stiglitz, V. Tanzi, O. Vasilika, I. Zapatrina, S. Kucherenko, L. Lysyak, L. Levaieva, І. Luk’yanenko, M. Pasichnyi, A. Sokolovsko, I. Chugunov, and others. Highlighting unexplored parts of a common problem. The above issues are relevant in connection with the deepening of transformation processes, the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the budget balance, which requires several specific tasks related to the formation and implementation of fiscal policy. Goal setting, research goals. The objectives of the study are: to reveal the essence and relationship of budget policy with socio-economic processes. Also, to justify the peculiarities of the budget revenues and expenditures formation at the current stage of the budget system development. The purpose of the study is to reveal the directions of adaptation of budget policy to socio-economic processes in the conditions of transformational transformations. Research method or methodology. The set of methods of scientific research is applied in the article: a systematic approach, statistical analysis, structuring, analysis, synthesis, etc. Basic material presentation (results of work). The essence and interrelation of budget policy with socio-economic processes are revealed, the peculiarities of budget revenues and expenditures formation are substantiated. The directions of adaptation of budgetary policy to social and economic processes in the conditions of transformational transformations are substantiated. Area of application of results. The results of the study can be used in the process of forming and implementing the budgetary policy of Ukraine, reforming the public finance system. Conclusions according to article. The qualitative level of formation and implementation of budget policy is determined by the system of financial institutions, the state of their development in a particular country aimed at ensuring economic growth and welfare of citizens. An essential condition for the dynamic growth of the domestic economy is a comprehensive solution to social and economic problems by ensuring the balanced development of the economy and the social sphere, strengthening decentralization processes.
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Khaustova, M. "Public policy in the context of digitalization of society. International experience in implementing programs and digitization strategies." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 2 (July 24, 2022): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2022.02.40.
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It is analyzed that the process of digitalization is objective, depends on globalization processes. However, this process, as well as political and market relations in general, is characterized by certain features, defects and failures of the market that require government regulation and intervention. In most countries of the modern world, one of the priority strategic tasks and national priorities is the introduction of information and communication technologies (ICT) and the development of elements of the digital society. Digital technologies, as well as related social and human activities form the digital sphere of modern society, which in the current environment determines the economic and innovative potential of the state, education and human development, determines social progress, good governance and democratic procedures. The development of the principles of the digital society stimulates the improvement of ways and methods of interaction in the framework of socio-economic relations. The use of information technology allows to expand communication processes, changes the composition and status of their participants, the principles of spatial interaction through networking, increases the decentralization of management decisions in the public and private sectors. Based on the analysis of modern theoretical models, it is possible to outline the model of digital policy. Elements of the model are the digital field, which influences the use of certain ways of interaction of digital political entities with the digital infrastructure; digital infrastructure - a number of technologies / tools for network integration; user networks - communities of citizens who master and use digital technologies / tools to achieve common goals, self-government; digital policymakers integrating these networks for policy implementation Thus, a new reality has emerged in the world, which encourages governments of all countries to pursue a system of digital economy through digital transformation by improving relevant areas of national legislation, development and implementation of large-scale government strategies, projects and programs, including full digital technology. A comprehensive study of digital politics as a new phenomenon of the political process in the modern world, which arises under the influence of global digitalization. It has been found that the digitalization of politics is a valence, unstable, incomplete process, which can be explained by the very nature of global digitalization, which is constantly self-improving and self-renewing. This also affects the principles of digital policymakers, who are constantly improving their tools through the formation of larger communities. So the balance of power in the digital world depends on the immediate integration of these communities by one or another digital political entity. Digitalization of public policy is described as a constant modification of the digital infrastructure of the political process. Categories have been established for the study of digitalization of politics in order to identify its impact on modern discourse: "digital politics", "digital political actors". Factors influencing the process of digitalization of public policy in foreign countries are identified. A model of digital policy is proposed, which allows to determine the content and principles of transformation of state policy in the digital environment, in particular: 1) the procedure for creating a new type of political actor - digital political entity; 2) creating conditions for the creation of different types of networks for policy implementation within digital policy practices, 3) methods of using digital infrastructure for policy implementation, 4) principles of producing a new type of political content that changes the structure and formats of political texts.
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Khitrova, T. "«Decentraliziation of History» as a Counter-Discourse of «Decommunization» in Modern Information Space of Ukraine." State and Regions. Series: Social Communications, no. 1(41) (March 10, 2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32840/cpu2219-8741/2020.1(41).4.
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<p><em>The article examines the main content and modern communication models of discourse / counter-discourse of «decommunization» in the information space of Ukraine. The theoretical basis for the scientific comprehension of the informational content of «decommunization» in today’s mass media discourse is not only the recent practice of its explication in the media, but also the problem of responsibility and compensation of «memory». Political manipulations in the Ukrainian symbolic space do not encourage the process of consolidation in its purification, but contribute to the parallel coexistence of different types of historical consciousness of the population (ethno-national and social).</em></p><p><em>In the modern communication space of Ukraine, in connection with the change of the political elite and the main priority directions of the state information policy, the media monitors the effect of the so-called «normalization» of the discourse of «historical memory», which is caused by the transition from national-cultural to social-humanitarian. the vector of constructing reality within the state program. In practical media activity, this process is characterized by the formation of an independent discourse stream of regional elites and «decentralization of history», using strategies of toponymical appealing decommunized titles and functioning of hidden discourses of renaming. The «decentralization of history» in regional communication models is, in fact, a modern form of counter-discourse of «decommunization» and is most prevalent in the information space of the Southern and Eastern regions of Ukraine. The content of the marked materials is mainly devoted to criticism of renaming, attempts to return the old name or double name change, toponymic appeal, lack of historical / cultural / social and other correlation of the name to the region, inconsistency of the history / heroics of the region and approval of the new ones.</em><strong></strong></p><strong><em>Key words: </em></strong><em>communication, decommunisation, discourse, identity, information space, historical memory, media.</em>
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Sharpatyi, Victor. "Formation of the System of Local Bodies of Social Security in the Ukrainian SSR (First Half of the 1920s)." Scientific Papers of the Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsyiubynskyi State Pedagogical University. Series: History, no. 34 (2020): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31652/2411-2143-2020-34-18-27.
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The purpose of the article based on the analysis of archival sources and official documents, highlights the process of formation of local social security bodies in the Ukrainian SSR during the formation of the totalitarian regime. Find out the features of the social policy of the Soviet state and its political and ideological priorities in the social sphere. Determine the objective and subjective reasons for the failure of local social security bodies to provide full assistance to those in need. The methodology of the research is based on the principles of scientific character, objectivity, historicism. Methods: general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special-historical (problem-chronological, structural-synthetic, comparative). To identify the size of the social contingent of persons under guardianship, the author used elements of the statistical method. Scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the history of the formation of the Soviet social security system in provinces, cities and districts actually became the subject of this study for the first time. The author analyzed the structural and functional changes in the work of local social security bodies, which led to the centralization of the administrative apparatus and the decentralization of functions and the mechanism of servicing those in need. Conclusions. The formation of the local social security system went through two periods: the first lasted from February 1919 to June 1920, during which an independent three-stage social security system was formed in the Ukrainian SSR. The second falls on 1921-1925, during which there were significant functional changes in social security due to the transition to NEP. The first period was characterized by a philanthropic orientation of the social security organs, coverage of all categories of the population, and during the NEP there was a strict policy of “denationalization” of social security. The state has shifted many responsibilities of social self-sufficiency to the cooperation of disabled people, social insurance agencies and various committees of mutual assistance. The middle link has lost the coordination functions of assigning pensions and other benefits, turning into an organizational, inspection and instructor unit.
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Zhovtonog, Olga, Kateryna Ryzhova, and Anastasia Zubko. "EVALUATION OF SENARIOS FOR IMPLIMENATION OF THE INSTITUTIONAL REFORM IN MANAGEMENT OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS." Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development, no. 10(29) (2021): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37100/2616-7689.2021.10(29).9.
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The development of an integrated state policy for the restoration of the irrigation and the implementation of appropriate institutional changes and the introduction of new financial and economic mechanisms for its sustainable operation. Institutional changes in irrigation management are becoming the main condition for attracting investment in restoration and modernisation of irrigation infrastructure. Existing developments in the transformation of irrigation management in Ukraine require assessment and alignment with the realities of existing agriculture practice and the state of formation of the general water policy of Ukraine in recent years and also taking into account other reforms, such as land reform and decentralization in rural management. The aim of the research was to adapt the methodological principles of irrigation management transformation to modern conditions of agricultural production and directions of reforming water resources management and water infrastructure (the main state water management and reclamation infrastructure and on – farm irrigation systems). To select a sustainable model of institutional reform in the management of irrigated systems in Ukraine, systems analysis and the method of scenario planning and indicative comprehensive assessment of scenarios is proposed. Based on the use of PEST and SWOT-analysis of general socio-economic and political conditions, the state of modern agricultural production and the use of irrigation, three most probable scenarios of irrigation reform are proposed and an analysis of benefits and risks for each of them were conducted. A method of comparative indicative assessment of different scenarios for the implementation of institutional reform has been developed, which characterizes the efficiency of water use and irrigated agriculture in the creation of new institutions and risks to ensure quality services for water users.
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Гайдай, Володимир. "Mechanisms for ensuring public order protection at the local level in conditions of decentralization of government: EU experience for Ukraine." Public administration aspects 9, no. 2 (April 29, 2021): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/152119.
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The aim of the article is to study the experience of the emergence and development of municipal law enforcement agencies, to analyse the current state of local police in European countries. The other aim of the article is to study the development of local police, the state of legal, economic support in Ukraine, to form suggestions for the development of municipal police in Ukraine.The initiated reform of decentralization of power in Ukraine, active development of local self-government, building civil society, creation of united territorial communities, transfer of resources, powers from the central level to local levels in the framework of decentralization and local government reform have necessitated the strengthening role of local self-government. Protection of public order should go together with strengthening of a role of local governments in the spheres of medicine and education, in rendering accessible and qualitative administrative, municipal, social services. An additional condition for the formation of local law enforcement is the connection between the development of local self-government in democracies with the development of local law enforcement.Accordingly, the urgency and need to create municipal police in Ukraine, which is a democratic state, is beyond doubt, as evidenced by the active discussion of this topic, both among officials and the public.The world experience of the emergence and current state of functioning of the municipal police in European countries with democratic political regimes has been analysed in the article. Trends in the development of municipal police in European countries have been identified. The existing world models of financial support of the municipal police have been determined.Domestic approaches to the creation of municipal police have been considered. The current state of development of projects of municipal law enforcement forces, the state of adoption of the regulatory framework for the implementation of the functioning of the municipal guard has been studied. An analysis of problematic aspects of the functioning of the National Police of Ukraine, the state of corruption in Ukraine as a way for possible abuse and use of law enforcement agencies for the interests of certain classes has been made. Based on the experience of European EU member states, recommendations on the organization and definition of sources of funding for municipal law enforcement agencies have been made.
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Penter, Tanja, and Ivan Sablin. "Soviet federalism from below: The Soviet Republics of Odessa and the Russian Far East, 1917–1918." Journal of Eurasian Studies 11, no. 1 (January 2020): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1879366520901922.
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In early 1918, the Bolshevik-dominated Third Congress of Soviets declared the formation of a new composite polity—the Soviet Russian Republic. The congress’s resolutions, however, simultaneously proclaimed a federation of national republics and a federation of soviets. The latter seemed to recognize regionalism and localism as organizing principles on par with nationalism and to legitimize the self-proclaimed Soviet republics across the former Russian Empire. The current article compared two such non-national Soviet republics, those in Odessa and the Russian Far East. The two republics had similar roots in the discourses and practices of the Russian Empire, such as economic and de facto administrative autonomy. They also took similar organizational forms, were run by coalitions, and opposed their own inclusion into larger national and regional formations in Ukraine and Siberia. At the same time, both of the Soviet governments functioned as ad hoc committees and adapted their institutional designs and practices to the concrete—and very different—social and international conditions in the two peripheries. The focus of the Odessa and Far Eastern authorities on specific problems and their embeddedness in the peculiar contexts reflected the very idea of federalism as governance based on decentralization and nuance but contradicted the party-based centralization and the exclusivity of the ethno-national federalism in the consolidated Soviet state.
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Groznov, Evgeny A., and Sergei V. Starikov. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE AGRARIAN POLICY OF THE WHITE MOVEMENT GOVERNMENTS OF EUROPEAN RUSSIA DURING THE CIVIL WAR (1918–1920)." Historical Search 3, no. 3 (September 29, 2022): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2022-3-3-18-24.
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The article attempts to carry out a comparative analysis of the agrarian policy pursued by the governments of the White Movement during the Civil War (1918–1920). The period of the second half of the XIX – early XX century was marked by the development of land relations in the Russian Empire. Despite serfdom abolition, peasant land scarcity continued to be the main problem of the peasant issue. The First World War, like the Russian-Japanese war, was supposed to be a small victorious war in order to postpone making the final decision on the agrarian issue. Absence of reforms combined with a protracted nature of the war contributed to the emergence of new liberal democratic forces in Russia. Beginning with February 1917, the Provisional Government tried to pursue a revolutionary policy to raise the authority of the government among soldiers, peasants and workers. However, political misconceptions and mistakes contributed to further power decentralization in Russia, which led first to the counter-revolution formation, and only then to isolation of the White Movement from this united front. With small resources, the leaders of the European part of the movement faced a problem that was not yet solved. Despite the Decree on Land adopted by the Soviet government, redistribution of land was not carried out, the agrarian issue continued to be acute, especially in the outskirts, which were under the rule of the whites. In contrast to the Decree on Land, the leaders of the White Movement had to pursue their own policy, which would be more attractive to the peasant masses. 95% of the population of Russia was peasants, so to gain their support would mean victory in the civil war. The regional and the national character of the White Movement determined future agrarian policy. It is also necessary to take into account that domestic policy was implemented in wartime conditions, which affected the effectiveness of reforms. Contradictions between the right-wingers and left-wingers delayed the development and implementation of reforms, which ultimately resulted in their failure. However, despite this, the white governments managed to lay a regulatory framework in their territorial entities, while taking into account the national and climatic specifics of the region.
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Курілов, Ю. Ю. "Administrative reform in Ukraine: from its origins to the future." Public administration aspects 7, no. 9-10 (November 25, 2019): 62–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/151949.
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In general, this article reveals the political meaning of administrative reforms and administrative divisions in some countries of Europe and Asia. A special subject of research is administrative reform and the reform of regionalization in the unitary countries, their path to regionalism and greater democratization at the level of regional governance. Administrative reform and the reform of decentralization of power have ripened in Ukraine for a long time, and even at the present stage, these reforms are inherent in some problems. This work reveals all the functional and historical-ethnographic content of administrative reform in Ukraine. The study offers a pilot map of the administrative division of regions and subregional entities in Ukraine, according to Western trends in administrative division. The historical, national foundations of administrative reform and decentralization reforms in Ukraine are interesting, as well as external factors such as European integration, which may affect the formation of the concept of administrative division in Ukraine, both from a historical retrospective and futurism in this matter, as well as from a functional point of view. In general, the Ukrainian space is inherent in some uncertainty and differences in conceptual issues of reforming the administrative-territorial structure of the state. The study analyzes promising developments in the field of reforming of the administrative-territorial divisions and suggests some new trends in possible areas of reform. First of all, the author is trying to restore order about how European trends and ideas can be expressed in the domestic environment. Some legislative initiatives are analyzed and it is proposed to highlight the historical and functional meaning of the concept of a region in legislation. It also analyzes the possible impact of administrative reform on the reforms of various branches of government. In general, the study proposes a qualitative modernization of the system of administrative-territorial construction in Ukraine. In fact, reforming the administrative-territorial structure on the basis of universally recognized world trends can significantly streamline national, regional, subregional and local governance in Ukraine, and bring it to a new level. Also, these reforms carry some modernization of regional economic policy, which the domestic space needs in the face of modern problems.
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Chung, Eun-Ju. "The dynamics of the decentralization and suburbanization of immigrant spaces in the United States : Focusing on the Korean case in the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area." Institute for Historical Studies at Chung-Ang University 57 (December 30, 2022): 265–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.46823/cahs.2022.57.265.
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This paper examines the development and changes of Koreans' residences in the United Staes since 1965, taking the case of the Los Angeles Metropolitan area where the Korean population is the largest in the U.S., and discusses the driving force of the change and the dispersion to the suburbs. Looking in the context of the U.S. urban development and the deployment of immigration policicies, it is clear that it is an error to explain the immigrant spatial dispersion to the suburbs as the result of assimilation to the white majority. Migrant minorities were able to expand their residences to suburban areas due to the legal abolition of segregation, the suburbanization of the U.S. spurred by the rise of the automobile industry, and the changes in U.S. immigration policy, and the global economic restructuration that brought in Asian immigrants with different socioeconomic characteristics.
In particular, Koreans who formed visible immigration groups in the mid-20th century did not have a history of being trapped in enclaves of the same nature as Ghetto, and lived outside the enclaves since the 1970s which was quite early for immigrant groups. The formation of Koreans’ residence in cluster in the suburban cities and their expansion were made in the context of transnational operation, influenced not only by the environment of the U.S., but also by the political and economic situation and immigration policies of Korea.
Segregation which had created the ethnic enclaves was legally abolished, but the separation of residences is still being regenerated in the U.S., expanding the rule of separation into other dynamics, such as ethnicity and class. Even as the immigrant generation progresses, the structure of dispersion and concentration of ethnic residences reveals what the racial, ethnic, and hierarchical conflict of American society is like through the issue of space.
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Horoshkova, Lidiia, and Іevhen Khlobystov. "Modeling the parameters of the sustainable development policy of territorial natural and economic systems." University Economic Bulletin, no. 50 (August 31, 2021): 32–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2021-50-32-48.
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Relevance of the research topic. The relevance of the reform of the territorial system in Ukraine was due to the fact that the administrative-territorial system in the country did not meet the requirements of transformational processes and to some extent it was an obstacle to transformations in the state, limiting the possibility of effective regional policies, and, as a result, restrained the development of as territories, So the state is generally. Formulation of the problem. One of the main tasks of administrative-territorial reform in the subregional level is to ensure the stability of natural and economic systems. Decentralization should solve the problem of low level of organization of government at the local level, ineffective management of social development, existing disproportions and inequalities at the regional level. Therefore, there is a need for methodological substantiation of the process and conditions for ensuring the stability of territories and the effective use of their natural resource and socio-economic potential as the basis of sustainable development of the national economy. Analysis of recent research and publications. Modern aspects of solving the problems of decentralization and reforming the administrative-territorial system in the country are such scientists as Pavlyuk A.P., Oliynyk D.I., Batalov O.A., Datsko O.I., Murkovych L.L., Molodozhen Yu.B. etc. [1-4]. The results of our own research on the problem are given in [5-11]. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. Since the issue of sustainable development of the country and its territories remains, there is a need to develop methodological principles for assessing the level of sustainability of natural and economic systems as the basis of sustainable, balanced development of territories and the country in general and the formation of conceptual principles of relevant policy. Problem statement, research goals. The above circumstances are due to the expediency of determining the levers, mechanisms and construction on their basis of the model of sustainable development policy of territories at the present stage of reforming the administrative-territorial system of the country. Method and methodology of research. In the process of conducting research, general scientific (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analytical grouping) and special (abstraction, modeling, etc.) methods of studying economic phenomena and processes were used. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The study was conducted to study the dynamics and efficiency of reforming the administrative-territorial system at the basic level. The level of efficiency of the reforms carried out for the criterion of the achievement of the resistance of such a system is settled. The level of stability is preferably evaluated as follows: the resulting indicator indicating the stability - development expenditures (capital expenditures), and the factors of influence - its own resources and subsequent intergovernmental transfers: basic / reverse subsidies, educational and infrastructure subvention. The developed method used to assess the stability of natural and economic systems of the regional level for two regions - Zaporozhye and Kherson. The obtained results indicate that in the first stage of decentralization, as expected in the construction of politician models, the policy of proportional economic stabilization with the relevant demand for capital expenditures was applied in both regions. This is evidenced by almost the same value of the share of capital expenditures per person from the magnitude of its own income per person - at 33%. The models of stabilization policy are constructed, which will ensure sustainable development of territories at the current stage of decentralization, which employs the baseline level. It is proved that in order to ensure the stability of the territories (at the level of the region or district) in the long-term perception, it is expedient to use the following types of policies (depending on the reform phase) regarding capital expenditures: a policy of proportional economic stabilization with relevant capital investment demand (capital expenditures) and the policy of differential stabilization, in which the regulation of capital expenditures is due to the rate of financial resources (ie, a derivative) is used. The simulation of the third option is also conducted when there is a shortage of financial resources for the development of territories requiring integral stabilization policy when capital expenditures (capital expenditures) are proportional to the magnitude of the financial resource deficit. Conclusions. The study of the dynamics of interconnection between capital expenditures on one person and its own incomes per person with the use of scattering diagrams and the function of mutual correlation on the example of the Zaporizhzhya and Kherson regions of Ukraine was conducted. The presence of appropriate correlation dependencies is established. The study of the dynamics of interconnection between capital expenditures on one person and an infrastructure subvention per person using the scattering diagrams and the function of mutual correlation on the example of the Zaporizhzhya and Kherson regions of Ukraine were conducted. The presence of appropriate correlation dependencies is established. The existence of joint trends for areas with different relation rates in the first stage of reforming at the baseline level has been proved. On the basis of the data obtained, the method of assessing the level of stability of natural and economic systems of the territorial level is proposed, in which the resulting indicator is proposed to consider capital expenditures (development expenditures) per person, and factors influencing its own income one person and an infrastructure subvention per person. The models of stabilization policy are constructed, which will ensure sustainable development of territories at the current stage of decentralization, which employs the baseline level. It is proved that in order to ensure the stability of the territories (at the level of the region or district) in the long-term perception, it is expedient to use the following types of policies (depending on the reform phase) regarding capital expenditures: a policy of proportional economic stabilization with relevant capital investment demand (capital expenditures) and the policy of differential stabilization, in which the regulation of capital expenditures is due to the rate of financial resources (ie, a derivative) is used. The simulation of the third option is also conducted when there is a shortage of financial resources for the development of territories requiring integral stabilization policy when capital expenditures (capital expenditures) are proportional to the magnitude of the financial resource deficit. It is proved that the success of further reforms in the country may be providing at the present stage by transition from a policy of proportional economic element to a differential stabilization policy.
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Kireitseva, O. V., and O. V. Zhylin. "Foreign regulation experience of the agricultural land market." Bioeconomics and Agrarian Business 11, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/bioeconomy2020.03.037.
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The article examines theoretical formation foundations of functioning system of the agricultural land market in foreign countries. It is analyzed basic and special parameters of the legislative framework on land, protection of rights and opportunities of land owners, purchase and sale procedures in the context of land relations. It has been determined that the success of land reforms and the effectiveness of implementation and functioning of the land market depend on the level of their scientific substantiation, state regulation and measures to coordinate interests of its participants. Land relations are governed by norms of civil, administrative law, or by special laws dedicated to certain types of land relations, as well as laws on agrarian and land reforms in foreign countries. Such key aspects of public regulation are considered in: the taxation system, the credit and financial mechanism, antimonopoly policy, special targeted programs. There is various level of centralization and decentralization of land management, representative bodies of territorial communities that have different powers to regulate land use, organizational and legal forms of land use and forms of ownership of land resources that are not the same in countries with different socio-political systems. It has been determined that the legal regulation of land potential should contain effective aspects of the practical application of norms in real context. That is not only the normative existence of functioning rules, but also the practical aspect of ensuring the implementation of the state's land potential through local authorities within the land areas. This issue can be analyzed by the experience of foreign countries, such as the USA, Germany, France, Italy, Poland, Cyprus, Israel.
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Yukhumenko, P., S. Batazhok, and V. Zubchenko. "Factors of architecture efficiency of Ukrainian institutes of budgetary system." Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, no. 2 (169) (December 9, 2021): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2021-169-2-151-163.
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The article aims to broaden the theoretical and methodological foundations and scientific substantiation of approaches to improving the efficiency of institutional structure of the budget system Ukraine on the basis of high-quality institutional support for its formation and functioning. This study is based on systemic and evolutionary approaches that provide a comprehensive understanding of the institutional structure of the budget system. The institutional architecture improvement requires identifying various characteristics, direct relations and feedback as well as dependencies that arise in the formation of budget policy of Ukraine. The study deals with appraisal of the degree of perfection of the architecture influence on and institutional order, the budget process and the budget system efficiency. The practical importance is determined by the fact that theoretical and methodological provisions, conclusions and practical recommendations make the scientific basis for developing a new holistic concept of forming the institutional order of the budget system in terms of its decentralization. The analysis shows that the degree of perfection of the architecture and institutional architecture of the budget system significantly affects the efficiency of the budget process. It changes the philosophy of public finance management and creates incentives for dominance in the public choice of the Putnam group (those who care about public needs) rather than Olson (those who think primarily about their own needs). The study has noted some problems of control over the budget funds use depending on the society maturity. Conclusions on the ability of the budget system perfect architecture and institutional order to direct the potential of inclusive markets to welfare improvement, to implement innovations and invest them in people requires the state to consider them critical to economic growth and nation's wealth. The budget system must be organically integrated into the overall system of governance and be fully accountable and transparent in the new institutional order with inclusive economic and political institutions. Keywords: institutional order, institutional environment, market institutions, budget, budget process, formal and informal institutions.
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Gali, Yarden, and Chen Schechter. "NGO involvement in education policy: principals' voices." International Journal of Educational Management 34, no. 10 (July 24, 2020): 1509–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-02-2020-0115.
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PurposeNon-governmental organizations (NGOs) have been involved in academic programs in many Western countries, actively participating and reshaping policy implementation. This tremendous growth in external voluntary and philanthropic organizations in schools is associated with a global trend toward decentralization, commodification, privatization, neoliberalism and governmental budget cuts. NGOs have become very popular partners in attempts to meet education goals set by the government and are increasingly involved both in policy formation and implementation. And arise questions regarding the special challenges facing school principals. This study explored the perceptions of school principals regarding the NGO involvement in designing and implementing education policy in Israel.Design/methodology/approachThe authors applied a qualitative research method, conducting in-depth interviews with primary school principals of schools with low socioeconomic student populations, where NGOs operate at the national level to promote educational achievement programs. This research approach acknowledges the existence of structured, fluid, subjective, flexible and dynamic realities that are attributed different meanings and interpretations and are shaped within political, cultural and social contexts. Thus, this study aims to reflect the perceptions of school principals regarding the involvement of NGOs in design and implementation of education policies. The authors utilized an inductive process of condensing, encoding, categorizing, and theorizing to analyze the data.FindingsData analysis revealed the following three major themes evident in the perceptions of school principals: intersectoral partnership policies in education; a policy of re-examining mutual responsibility for education; and the benefit of NGO engagement in education. Inter-sectoral partnership policy is the emergence of alternative models, defined as different political and institutional ways of organizing collective action is an effective way to organize and benefit, and is a way of introducing new ideas, actors and resources into public education systems. However, this new model is a complex, ongoing and dynamic process with school principals at the helm of these new relationships.Research limitations/implicationsThis study includes new information on how school principals see NGOs involvement in planning and implementation of education policy. However, it was conducted with various limitations. First, participants and their input all relate specifically to education in Israel. Any generalizations that may be drawn from them to shed light on similar processes around the world would require the study also be conducted in diverse sociocultural contexts. Second, interviews with principals were held through the 2016–2017 school year. A longitudinal study would be required to examine whether and how principals feel after years of working with NGOs on various projects. Finally, this study only focused on the opinions of principals, representing only one involved party. This cannot be a comprehensive perspective on the partnership and collaboration between formal education systems and NGOs. Thus, further research is necessary to examine the perceptions of NGOs managers, policymakers, supervisors, teachers, pupils and parents. Based on the authors’ study's findings, they recommend investigating whether, how, and under what conditions principals can nurture partnerships with NGOs as a platform for initiative, particularly the vigorous leadership needed to carry out the policy.Practical implicationsThe establishment and support of intersectoral partnerships between the Education Ministry and NGOs is a complex, ongoing and dynamic process with school principals at the helm of these new relationships. Principals have been given more independence, autonomy and clout as they maintain the external networks now contributing to improved outcomes and addressing unique community needs. Consequently, the more external factors become involved in education, the more principals are required to manage and implement the partnership. As such, policymakers (main office and district supervisors), implementers (NGO managers, school principals, teachers) and recipients (parents and teachers) must stay attentive to each other, adjust expectations as to the limits of responsibility, and primary to recognize the needs to keep making improvements to the partnership that are based on reciprocal assessment. More, all involved parties must continue to be active in developing, deepening and maintaining the employed mechanisms, normalizing them to become the standard in intersectoral partnerships in education.Originality/valueThis study provides theoretical contributions and practical implications of NGO involvement in designing and implementing education policies from the perspective and function of school principals in this era of ever-changing economic and social reality. Establishment and support of intersectoral partnerships between the Education Ministry and NGOs is a complex ongoing and dynamic process with school principals at the helm of these new relationships. The principals have been given more independence autonomy and clout as they maintain the external networks now contributing to improved outcomes and addressing unique community needs and more principals are required to manage and implement the partnership.
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Ladychenko, Viktor, Olena Gulac, Karim Yemelianenko, Yurii Danyliuk, and Volodymyr Kurylo. "Ensuring Sustainable Development of Local Self-Government: Foreign Experience for Ukraine." European Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 4 (October 1, 2021): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2021.v10n4p167.
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In order to build effective democratic governance under the Council of Europe Action Plan for Ukraine, local governments and elected representatives must have the knowledge and tools to manage modern and efficient resources, and local governments in general must increase their transparency, activities to strengthen citizens' trust in local political institutions. In its ambitious plans to implement effective governance, the Government of Ukraine is working to create a modern system of local self-government that promotes the dynamic development of regions and transfers as much power as possible to the level closest to citizens - communities. The article is devoted to the issue of ensuring the sustainable development of local self-government in Ukraine on the basis of the experience of building the system of local self-government in the European countries. Foreign experience with the existing system of local governments of Ukraine is compared. Local governments are classified into representative and executive. The practice of organizing their activities is studied. Both regional and local representative bodies and municipalities were studied. Different types of individual and collegial executive bodies of local self-government of foreign countries, methods of their formation, management models are given. The real state of the results of the reform of local self-government and decentralization, as well as the administrative-territorial system in Ukraine has been established. The main positive features of the system of local self-government bodies of foreign countries are identified and options for implementing sustainable development methods for self-government of Ukraine are proposed, including through effective state control, election of key local government officials, codification of local self-government legislation and balancing the status and powers of representatives and executive bodies of local self-government.
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Cai, Hongbin. "Political Decentralization and Policy Experimentation." Quarterly Journal of Political Science 4, no. 1 (March 19, 2009): 35–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/100.00008039.
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Kosmii, М. "PECULIARITIES OF INFLUENCE OF INTANGIBLE FACTORS ON ADMINISTRATIVE-TERRITORIAL CHANGE OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES." Municipal economy of cities 1, no. 154 (April 3, 2020): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-1-154-204-210.
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At the present stage of development of territorial communities, the problem of their unification, including the change of administrative boundaries, has become a serious problem. The policy of dividing these boundaries is reflected in the perspective plan for the development of territorial communities, in particular relying on the material component without taking into account the intangible factor. This is quite clearly seen at the stage of formation of new ATGs and those conflict situations that arise in their formation. Administrative-territorial changes, although a manifestation of legal regulation, are a combination of material and intangible factors in the development of spatial systems. The material component manifests itself in the clear regulation of the boundaries, principles and methods of organization of united communities, as well as their powers in the urban sphere. Intangible (dominant) is manifested in the fact that members of the community have the right to determine the vector and specificity of development of the spatial structure of the city or settlement. The analysis of the law on decentralization shows that the lawmakers also put the intangible in its basis: the continuity of the territory of the ОTG; taking into account historical, natural, ethnic, cultural and other factors; the impossibility of reducing the quality and publicity of all services provided before the creation of the community The peculiarity of the transformation of the administrative-territorial structure and the process of forming the ОTG is that the center, as a rule, becomes the most developed settlement, including the city. Lastly, in this regard, it has high prospects for the development of an urbanized area, but this is possible only after overcoming a number of contradictions. It is possible to solve the latter by taking into account intangible factors, in particular property relations, which in the process of joining the city of the surrounding territories, offset the established principles of ownership and people's view of the surrounding space. Our surveys and their results prove that the agglomeration territory and the process of its formation are a consequence of socio-political processes, and the elements of the natural environment, form a new type of urban space, when the newly annexed territories are considered as recreation areas and satisfy the aesthetic and landscape preferences of residents. The latter are an intangible manifestation and, at the same time, a modern trend in the development of urbanized areas, where landscape and environmental issues are recognized as key needs of residents. In accordance with these needs, a transport network is formed and urban space is zoned. A new type of socio-economic, labor, cultural, and recreational ties is emerging. Keywords: intangible factors, spatial structure, urban system, city, united territorial communities, change of settlements.
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Sururi, Ahmad. "DECENTRALIZATION OF HOUSING POLICY FOR LOW-INCOME COMMUNITIES IN URBAN AREAS: AN ANALYSIS OF POLITICAL, FISCAL AND, ADMINISTRATIVE POLICY." Jurnal Pengembangan Kota 10, no. 1 (September 2, 2022): 10–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jpk.10.1.10-22.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to discuss housing decentralization policies for urban Low-Income Communities based on three decentralization issues, namely politics, fiscal, and administration, and to recommend the concept of housing decentralization as an instrument and housing policy reform. The idea of decentralization of housing policy can’t be separated from various problems such as the debate over the authority of housing policy, the dependence of the regional government's housing budget on the central government, and various other obstacles. This study employed academic literature review related to decentralization studies and housing policies. The results of the study show that the three decentralization issues that are correlated with urban housing policies for Low-Income Communities have not yet fully provided an optimal impact on the realization of the ideal and desirable urban housing policies for Low-Income Communities. However, the very strong relationship between the three issues of decentralization and urban housing policy can be an important idea and recommendation to promote housing decentralization as an instrument and direction of urban housing policy reform for Low-Income Communities in Indonesia in the future.
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DERKACH, Tetyana, and Denys CHEBANENKO. "THE PARADIGM OF ECONOMIC ENERGY SECURITY BY ORIENTATION ON RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 3(64) (2020): 114–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2020.03.114.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. The topic of renewable energy today is one of the most relevant and requires consideration from the point of view of all components of this process, namely economic, financial, environmental, technological, and others. The transition to renewable energy is already irreversible today since natural resources are depleted, fuel prices are the subject to significant fluctuations, and the stable growth of the national economy is ensured by energy security. The purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the volume of global energy consumption, to analyze the impact of the introduction of renewable energy sources on the development of the national economy, to ensure energy security with the depletion of hydrocarbon resources and a slight diversification of their suppliers. Results. Today the Ukrainian economy is the most energy-intensive. Unstable energy prices are a threat both to the global economy and to each country separately. Therefore, in the event of a decrease in the supply of traditional energy resources, the importing countries experience the greatest difficulties. The existing tendency in Ukraine to increase the consumption of traditional energy sources, combined with the absence of a targeted policy aimed at reducing the volume of environmental pollution, will lead to an increase in negative economic consequences. The advantage of renewable energy sources is their equal distribution throughout the country (with the exception of water resources). This feature leads to the formation of one of the main characteristics of power systems based on renewable energy sources, namely, their decentralization. It should be borne in mind that the world energy market is made up of state and non-state participants. Non-state participants are showing an upward trend. However, the state should have the greatest influence on the national energy sector. Renewable energy is an area that, in the Ukrainian context, depends on state support, namely economic and administrative incentives. The dynamics of the development of renewable energy should be combined with the balanced development of the fuel and energy sector in Ukraine. Conclusions. The process of development and transition to renewable energy needs a systematic approach. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches are needed to assess the transition to renewable energy. An effective strategy for the transition to the introduction of renewable energy technologies should be justified by economic feasibility. The transition from traditional energy to renewable sources should lead to energy security, which contributes to stable economic growth, political independence, and improving the quality of the environmental component.