Academic literature on the topic 'Political culture'

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Journal articles on the topic "Political culture"

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Assylbekovna, Kamaldinova Aikerim, Nassimova Gulnar Orlenbaevna, Saitova Nina Alekseevna, and Khalikova Shakhnaza Bahitzhanovna. "Development of political culture of Kazakhstani students: Political and cultural determinants." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (January 12, 2016): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjhss.v2i2.427.

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Iovan, Martian. "The Political Culture; Politicial Socialization and Acculturation." Journal of Legal Studies 16, no. 29 (June 1, 2015): 26–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jles-2015-0004.

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Abstract In this article, the author, after having comparatively analyzed senses and significations of the concept of politic culture, as stated by several renowned authors in the world of science, proceeds to a differentiation of general political culture from those political cultures that are integrated into the lives of contemporary political agents (subcultures, political countercultures, marginal cultures, political cultures of public policy makers etc.) which coexist on the territory of a state. Using praxeological and systemic approaches, the author discusses the place and role of contemporary ideologies in their quality as a directional and dynamogenic factor in political practices, as well as political socialization and acculturation as methods of reproducing and developing political culture in accordance with the necessities imposed by the global development of society and by its subsystems. The formation of a solid political culture, through education and communication in general, both at individual and at social level, conditions the maturation of democracy, and the launching of public policies likely to solve individual and community issues.
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Laitin, David D., and Aaron Wildavsky. "Political Culture and Political Preferences." American Political Science Review 82, no. 2 (June 1988): 589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1957403.

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Aaron Wildavsky has argued that it is theoretically more useful to think of political preferences as rooted in political culture than to entertain alternative bases such as schemas or ideologies. In the APSA presidential address in which he made his case, Wildavsky also advocated a program of research on political cultures, and welcomed “challenges and improvements.” David Laitin accepts the invitation; he variously takes issue with Wildavsky's concept of political culture.
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Street, John. "Popular Culture=Political Culture?" Politics 11, no. 2 (October 1991): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9256.1991.tb00196.x.

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Podvoisky, L. Ya. "The political carnival and the culture of political elites – review of the book by P.L. Karabushchenko "Carnival Political Culture" (2022)." Sovremennaya nauka i innovatsii, no. 3 (43) (2023): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37493/2307-910x.2023.3.15.

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The recently observed increase in the carnival political culture primarily affects the behaviour of ruling political elites of the so-called "Collective West". First of all, it is manifested in the penetration of elements of absurdity and political deviation into political practice, which has an impact on the sharp decrease of the quality of professional competence of the elites and their leaders. In the media these "politicians" have long been associated with expressions such as "political clown", "political buffoon", and his team is a kind of "theatre of the absurd", etc., which describe such irresponsible behaviour from an extremely negative point of view. This study is the first in the scientific literature to systematically address not only the contemporary features of carnival political culture, but also to thoroughly examine its historical roots. It is the first monograph to analyse the essence of political carnival and carnival political culture. It is the analysis of this work that this review is devoted to.
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LANE, RUTH. "Political Culture." Comparative Political Studies 25, no. 3 (October 1992): 362–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414092025003004.

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PARRY, D. L. L. "POLITICAL CULTURE, POLITICAL CLASS, AND POLITICAL COMMUNITY." Historical Journal 41, no. 1 (March 1998): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x97007760.

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The past in French history. By Robert Gildea. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1994. Pp. xiv+418. £30.00. ISBN 0-300-05799-7Napoleon and his artists. By Timothy Wilson-Smith. London: Constable, 1996. Pp. xxx+306. £23.00. ISBN 0-094-76110-8Revolution and the meanings of freedom in the nineteenth century. Edited by Isser Woloch. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1996. Pp. viii+447. £40.00. ISBN 0-804-72748-1Over the past twenty years, Keith Baker, François Furet, Lynn Hunt, Mona Ozouf et al. have argued that the French Revolution gave birth to a new political culture, and by implication that one should study politics through this culture rather than through l'histoire événementielle of ministries and elections. The three books reviewed here all relate to political culture in the wake of the French Revolution, explicitly in The past in French history and implicitly in the other two volumes: under Napoleon, artistic culture was politicized and regimented, and after his fall nineteenth-century Europe was left to nurse the awkward offspring of 1789, the ideologies of revolution and freedom. Yet whilst these books provide fine studies of political culture, they make only passing references to two less clearly defined concepts which may be necessary adjuncts to such an approach. The first is that of a ‘political class’, meaning those who occupy office, usually by election and regardless of party, which enables one to put l'histoire événementielle aside, since elections or changes of cabinet are merely reshuffles within the political class. The second concept concerns the communities that create political cultures. What, though, creates these communities?
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x, Ambedkar. "Political Culture of Dalits in Telangana." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 3 (March 5, 2023): 745–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr23313120600.

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Werlin, Herbert H., and Harry Eckstein. "Political Culture and Political Change." American Political Science Review 84, no. 1 (March 1990): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1963642.

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In “A Culturalist Theory of Political Change” in the September 1988 issue of this Review, Harry Eckstein argued that “a cogent, potentially powerful theory of political change can be derived from culturalist premises.” But Herbert Werlin finds Eckstein's effort to accommodate culture theory to political change unsatisfactory. Werlin argues that politics in the sense of political engineering, rather than cultural changes, mainly accounts for transformations in political life. Eckstein responds, arguing that the political methods for inducing change are themselves culturally conditioned.
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Rogister, John. "Assemblée rappresentative, autonomia territoriali, culture politiche Representative Assemblies, Territorial Autonomies, Political Cultures." Parliaments, Estates and Representation 32, no. 2 (November 2012): 192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02606755.2012.719702.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Political culture"

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Calvert, S. A. "Political culture and political stability in Argentina." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380553.

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Brunet-Jailly, Emmanuel. "Political culture in Italy." Thesis, This resource online, 1988. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-04122010-083632/.

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Georgiev, Plamen K. "The Bulgarian political culture /." Göttingen : V&R Unipress, 2007. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz268630259inh.pdf.

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Welch, Stephen. "The concept of political culture." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317760.

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Perenich, Nick. "Political culture and ethnic identification." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 1991. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/2.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
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Shannon, Ciaran Aodh. "Conspiracy theories and political culture." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437566.

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Sakun, A. V., T. I. Kadlubovich, and D. S. Chernyak. "Philosophy of modern political culture." Thesis, Izdevnieciba "Baltija Publishing", 2020. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16378.

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Wiggins, Sarah Lynn. "Politics and political culture in English women's colleges, 1890-1914." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408731.

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Green, D. A. "The politics of tragedy : child-on-child homicide and political culture." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599651.

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This thesis is a comparative study of the cultural, political and media impacts of two child-on-child homicides—the 1993 English case of James Bulger and the 1994 Norwegian case of Silje Redergård. A discourse analytic approach is used to study the meanings and effects of newspaper coverage of both homicides in order to explain the cases’ dissimilar effects. Discourse theory provides insights into how the culturally distinct language used to describe social problems implies concordant solutions. The intention is to compare the intra-and inter-jurisdictional ways in which each homicide was contextualised in the broadsheet and tabloid press coverage. These case studies are the vehicles by which the culture-specific penal sensibilities governing penal policy decision-making are assessed and compared. The politicisation of penal policy debates in England has meant that policymakers now defer to assessments of public opinion to an extent unseen in earlier post-war decades. The media has simultaneously expanded its influence on public affairs, often speaking for the public, and politicians court the public via the media, often conflating the two. Lost in these interactions is both a sense of the unmediated and informed public will, and a public forum where the issues are engaged on a level of proportionate to their importance. The first aim of this research is to describe a set of interlinked problems facing professional experts and penal policymakers, most of which are more acutely experienced in England than in Norway. Adversarial political culture, the media, and poor measures of public opinion each constrain the range of choices available to policymakers, minimising opportunities for the deliberative consideration of all available knowledge. The second aim is to provide ameliorative proposals to broaden the range of choices policymakers consider to include knowledge’s politicians often ignore, the media often overlook, and opinion polls often fail to measure. The ‘Deliberative Poll’ is one promising means to facilitate ‘public judgement’, a more durable assessment of the informed public will which appears less susceptible to populist manipulation and distortion than current, weaker assessments. Providing opportunities for public deliberation could also generate the kind of trust among citizens that characterises those nations where the politicisation of crime is not so pressing an issue.
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Hadley, Graham John. "Performance culture meets police culture : the relationship between political ideologies, police reform and police culture." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2014. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/performance-culture-meets-police-culture(31510fe4-4810-449b-8117-1c2d20956344).html.

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This thesis explores successive police reform agendas over the period 1979 – 2012 in terms of the relationship between political ideology, police reform and police occupational culture. The thesis addresses the interplay between ideologically driven police reform and the reception of reform agendas within the central mindset of policing. It examines the significance of political and economic drivers in police reform agendas and literature on police occupational culture, with emphasis upon change and reform and the response within the police. As a means of exploring the relationship between reform and police culture the thesis gathers data through empirical research based upon documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews. Research upon street and management cops (Reuss-Ianni 1983) and the analytical model of cultural knowledge and change outlined by Chan (1997), was used to analyse and present the research findings. The main conclusions concern how ideology in police reform agendas was received by police occupational culture. Utilising the theoretical frameworks of Reuss-Ianni and Chan, the thesis argues that the ideology in police reform agendas is received and assessed through cultural knowledge. This places into context documented features of police occupational culture such as the sense of mission, conservatism, resistance to change and the street – management divide. As a result, this thesis contributes to the understanding of police occupational culture through the prism of reform and the implications for practice, outlining how ideologically driven police reform agendas are received and interpreted through police occupational culture.
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Books on the topic "Political culture"

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David, Schleicher, and Swedlow Brendon, eds. Federalism & political culture. New Brunswick, N.J: Transaction Publishers, 1998.

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Azam, Ikram. Pakistan's political culture. Islamabad: National Book Foundation, 1991.

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Dale, Hoak, ed. Tudor political culture. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

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W, Wilson Richard. Compliance ideologies: Rethinking political culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

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Okema, Michael. Political culture of Tanzania. Lewiston: E. Mellen Press, 1996.

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Berg-Schlosser, Dirk, and Ralf Rytlewski, eds. Political Culture in Germany. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22765-5.

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Pérez, Orlando J. Political Culture in Panama. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230116351.

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Aronoff, Myron J. Interpreting Israeli political culture. [Cape Town]: Kaplan Centre, Jewish Studies & Research, University of Cape Town, 1988.

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Dirk, Berg-Schlosser, and Rytlewski Ralf 1937-, eds. Political culture in Germany. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993.

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N, Clark Terry, Hoffmann-Martinot Vincent, and Gromala Mark, eds. The new political culture. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Political culture"

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Drake, Helen. "Politics and Political Culture." In Contemporary France, 64–92. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-36688-6_4.

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Kavanagh, Dennis. "Political Culture." In Political Science and Political Behaviour, 48–75. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003477006-4.

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Hague, Rod, Martin Harrop, and Shaun Breslin. "Political Culture." In Comparative Government and Politics, 135–55. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22276-6_6.

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Adshead, Maura, and Jonathan Tonge. "Political Culture." In Politics in Ireland, 141–56. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-02032-1_9.

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Garnett, Mark. "Political Culture." In Europe in a Global Context, 74–85. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-34423-5_7.

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Ball, Alan R. "Political Culture." In Modern Politics and Government, 57–75. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22909-3_4.

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Fried, Richard M. "Political Culture." In A Companion to Franklin D. Roosevelt, 318–39. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444395181.ch17.

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Kohlenberger, Helmut. "Political Culture." In Handbook of Phenomenological Aesthetics, 269–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2471-8_53.

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Hague, Rod, Martin Harrop, and John McCormick. "Political Culture." In Comparative Government and Politics, 200–215. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-52838-4_12.

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Sacks, David Harris. "Political Culture." In A Companion to Shakespeare, 117–36. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/b.9780631218784.1999.00009.x.

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Conference papers on the topic "Political culture"

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Budhiraja, Amar, and Joyojeet Pal. "Twitter and political culture." In COMPASS '20: ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3378393.3402276.

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Kravchenko, V. I. "Political Culture: Polysemantic Understanding." In НАУКА РОССИИ: ЦЕЛИ И ЗАДАЧИ. НИЦ «Л-Журнал», 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sr-10-10-2018-04.

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He, Xiaohua, and Liang Cheng. "Exploration on the Basic Characteristics of Centralized Political Culture and Democratic Political Culture." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Economy, Management and Entrepreneurship (ICOEME 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icoeme-19.2019.85.

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Nugrahani, Farida, Mukti Widayati, Wiwik Darmini, Titik Sudiyatmi, and Ali Imron AM. "Sarcasm in Indonesian Political Culture." In 2nd Workshop on Language, Literature and Society for Education. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.21-12-2018.2282775.

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Sakun, A. V., T. I. Kadlubovich, and D. S. Chernyak. "PHILOSOPHY OF MODERN POLITICAL CULTURE." In POLITICAL SCIENCE, PHILOSOPHY, HISTORY AND SOCIOLOGY: DEVELOPMENT AREAS AND TRENDS IN UKRAINE AND EU. Baltija Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-588-91-4-38.

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Seican, Valeria. "Creative education – an area of increased interest for politics and the politicians of all time." In International scientific conference "Valorization and preservation by digitization of the collections of academic and traditional music from the Republic of Moldova". Academy of Music, Theatre and Fine Arts, Republic of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55383/ca.31.

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In such a changing world today, when the vast majority of governing principles turn out to be VOLATILE, cultural archetypes are the ONLY ONES you can rely on, since other fundamental principles prove to be false, illusory. Culture, as the primary decision-making factor, determines the formation of most of the behavioral models in society. The CULTURAL factor and its role of major importance, is even crucial, in the period of revolutionary transformation of societies. At present, the most prestigious international strategic / political consultancy HOMES INSIST on the valorization of the CULTURAL MATRIX of the consulted companies (nations, states), when forming Country Projects. In order to confer additional authority, importance, notoriety to a candidate, to a political project, modern social and political Strategies use, in a compulsory way, in all types of political campaigns, content, forms, methods and the authority of people of culture. Thus, Culture becomes an area of increased interest for politics and the politicians of all times.
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Zinkovskaya, Anastasia V. "Political Persuasiveness: Usage Of Metaphors In American Presidents’ Speeches." In Dialogue of Cultures - Culture of Dialogue: from Conflicting to Understanding. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.11.03.32.

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Gerasimenko, I. V., and A. S. Rydchenko. "Reflection of culture in American political discourse." In XXV REGIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE STUDENTS, APPLICANTS AND YOUNG RESEARCHERS. Знание-М, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38006/907345-63-8.2020.128.134.

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The article examines certain phenomena, concepts, objects that are inherent in the cultures of different peoples, they are associated with clear historical, geographical, socio-political and other conditions of their existence. The authors analyzed the pre-election, inaugural and post-election types of political speeches of Donald Trump and Barack Obama and described the features of the manifestation of cultural values in the speeches of these politicians. An analysis of the material shows that the speeches of political figures directly reflect the cultural values of the people.
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U. Sanchez, Prof Phoebe Zoe Maria. "Cebu’s Subnational Politics: A Survey of Philippine Political Structure and Culture." In Annual International Conference on Political Science, Sociology and International Relations (PSSIR 2016). Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-2403_pssir16.57.

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Mamedov, Fuad Teyub oglu. "ABOUT THE VALUE OF SPIRITUAL CULTURE FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMANKIND." In Globalistics-2020: Global issues and the future of humankind. Interregional Social Organization for Assistance of Studying and Promotion the Scientific Heritage of N.D. Kondratieff / ISOASPSH of N.D. Kondratieff, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46865/978-5-901640-33-3-2020-159-168.

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The article reveals the fundamental importance of people's “spiritual” culture for sustainable development and the relevance of international cooperation in order to ensure global human security. The author emphasizes the importance of scientific understanding of culture as an integral social system and the expediency of using cultural methodology and expertise for making correct political decisions. The article describes the necessity of spreading universal cultural knowledge in society, additional cultural education and enlightenment for the formation of highly cultured people as the main driving force of human development.
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Reports on the topic "Political culture"

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Lowes, Sara. Culture in Historical Political Economy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w30511.

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Alesina, Alberto, and Marco Tabellini. The Political Effects of Immigration: Culture or Economics? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w30079.

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Acemoglu, Daron, and James Robinson. Non-Modernization: Power-Culture Trajectories and the Dynamics of Political Institutions. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29007.

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Haider, Huma. Fostering a Democratic Culture: Lessons for the Eastern Neighbourhood. Institute of Development Studies, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.131.

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Political culture is the values, beliefs, and emotions that members of a society express about the political regime and their role in it (Pickering, 2022, p. 5). Norms, values, attitudes and practices considered integral to a “culture of democracy”, according to the Council of Europe, include: a commitment to public deliberation, discussion, and the free expression of opinions; a commitment to electoral rules; the rule of law; and the protection of minority rights; peaceful conflict resolution. The consolidation of democracy involves not only institutional change, but also instilling a democratic culture in a society (Balčytienė, 2021). Research on democratic consolidation in various countries in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) finds that a key impediment to consolidation is the persistence of old, authoritarian political culture that undermines political and civic participation. This rapid review looks at aspects of democratic culture and potential ways to foster it, focusing on educational initiatives and opportunities for civic action — which comprise much of the literature on developing the values, attitudes and behaviours of democracy. Discussion on the strengthening of democratic institutions or assistance to electoral processes is outside the scope of the report.
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García Canclini, Néstor, Ronald Inglehart, Wayne E. Baker, and Camile Herrera. Cultural Capital and its Impact on Development: Modernization, Cultural Change, and the Persistence of Traditional Values: Culture Industries and the Development Crisis in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007946.

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Camilo Herrera (1975-), Colombian sociologist and economist, founding director of the Center for Cultural Studies for Political, Economic and Social Development in Bogotá. Ronald Inglehart (1934-), North American political scientist, Director of Institute for Social Research at University of Michigan; and Wayne E. Baker, Faculty Associate. Néstor García Canclini (1939-), distinguished Argentine philosopher and anthropologist, Casa de las Americas Prize (1981), and Director of Urban Culture Studies at UNAM.
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Pepper, Jr, and Joseph. Winning the Counterinsurgency Fight in Iraq: The Role of Political Culture in Counterinsurgency Warfare 2003-2006 in Iraq. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada450481.

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Bano, Masooda. Beating the ‘Anti-Work’ Culture: Lessons from a Successful Attemptto Improve Performance in State Schools in Pakistan. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE)r, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/105.

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What local-level factors, or horizontal pressures, can improve learning outcomes in government schools in developing countries, when the political elites and education bureaucracy are not exerting enough vertical pressure on principals and teachers to ensure improvement in learning outcomes? Existing research suggests the role of principals, investment in teacher training or improving financial incentives, and increased community participation as possible ways to enhance performance of teachers and principals. Assessing a 25-year state-school improvement programme run by CARE, a prominent education foundation in Pakistan, which has demonstrated visible success in improving student enrolment and performance in national matriculation exams and transition to college and university education, this paper shows that while principals can play a critical role in improving school performance, the real challenge is to suppress the ‘anti-work’ culture that prevails in state schools in countries where appointments of teachers as well as principals remain a source of political patronage. The paper shows that in such contexts NGOs, if given the contractual authority to monitor performance, can act as effective third-party enforcers to help shift the balance in favour of ‘pro-work’ teachers. However, for systematic long-term improvement in school performance, this support needs to come via the district-level education authorities—and this, as we shall see, is often also missing in such contexts. The findings from this study thus support growing evidence on the challenges confronting efforts to strengthen the short route of accountability in countries where the long route of accountability is weak. In such a political-economy context, even committed principals are unlikely to be able to shift school culture in favour of a ‘pro-work’ ethic unless there are wide-ranging reforms in the wider political and bureaucratic culture.
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8

Bano, Masooda. Beating the ‘Anti-Work’ Culture: Lessons from a Successful Attemptto Improve Performance in State Schools in Pakistan. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE)r, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/105.

Full text
Abstract:
What local-level factors, or horizontal pressures, can improve learning outcomes in government schools in developing countries, when the political elites and education bureaucracy are not exerting enough vertical pressure on principals and teachers to ensure improvement in learning outcomes? Existing research suggests the role of principals, investment in teacher training or improving financial incentives, and increased community participation as possible ways to enhance performance of teachers and principals. Assessing a 25-year state-school improvement programme run by CARE, a prominent education foundation in Pakistan, which has demonstrated visible success in improving student enrolment and performance in national matriculation exams and transition to college and university education, this paper shows that while principals can play a critical role in improving school performance, the real challenge is to suppress the ‘anti-work’ culture that prevails in state schools in countries where appointments of teachers as well as principals remain a source of political patronage. The paper shows that in such contexts NGOs, if given the contractual authority to monitor performance, can act as effective third-party enforcers to help shift the balance in favour of ‘pro-work’ teachers. However, for systematic long-term improvement in school performance, this support needs to come via the district-level education authorities—and this, as we shall see, is often also missing in such contexts. The findings from this study thus support growing evidence on the challenges confronting efforts to strengthen the short route of accountability in countries where the long route of accountability is weak. In such a political-economy context, even committed principals are unlikely to be able to shift school culture in favour of a ‘pro-work’ ethic unless there are wide-ranging reforms in the wider political and bureaucratic culture.
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9

Wu, Jiarui. Summary and Collection of Review Essay Writing. Core Academy, February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.61362/r2124279.

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Abstract:
This File Includes recent review essays composed by Jiarui Wu. These essays appears in Journal of Chinese Political Sciences, The Chinese Historical Review, China Report, African and Asian Studies, Politics, Religion & Ideology, African Affairs, Journal of Global South Studies, Technology and Culture, Asian Studies Review, and International Studies Review. Readers can access these essays by themselves to study academic writing skills and How to compose book review essays for journals.
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10

Saleem, Raja M. Ali, Ihsan Yilmaz, and Priya Chacko. Civilizationist Populism in South Asia: Turning India Saffron. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/pp0009.

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The 21st century has witnessed a significant shift in how the concept of nationalism is understood. A political marriage between identity politics and populism has resulted in “civilizationism,” a new form of nationalism that entails an emotionally charged division of society into “the people” versus “the Other.” All too often, the divisive discourses and policies associated with civilizationalist populism produce intercommunal conflict and violence. This paper draws on a salient case study, India’s Hindutva movement, to analyze how mainstream populist political parties and grassroots organizations can leverage civilizationist populism in campaigns to mobilize political constituencies. In surveying the various groups within the Hindutva movement and conducting a discourse analysis of their leaders’ statements, the paper shows the central role of sacralized nostalgia, history, and culture in Hindutva populist civilizationism. By analyzing the contours and socio-political implications of civilizationist populism through this case study, the paper contributes to the theoretical understanding of the concept more generally.
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