Relevant bibliographies by topics / Political considerations

Academic literature on the topic 'Political considerations'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Political considerations"

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Hsiung, James C. "Political Considerations I." Asian Affairs: An American Review 16, no. 3 (September 1989): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00927678.1989.10553605.

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Chi, Hsi-Sheng. "Political Considerations II." Asian Affairs: An American Review 16, no. 3 (September 1989): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00927678.1989.10553606.

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Luzón, Manuel Sacristán. "Political ecological considerations in Marx∗." Capitalism Nature Socialism 3, no. 1 (March 1992): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10455759209358472.

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Shelley, Clive. "Refugee water supplies: Some political considerations." Waterlines 13, no. 1 (July 1994): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/0262-8104.1994.025.

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Sheridan, Edward P. "Impaired Professionals: Psychological and Political Considerations." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 33, no. 3 (March 1988): 236–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/025504.

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Hart, Roderick P., and Hannah S. Gourgey. "Accepting the Political Mantle: Stylistic Considerations." Political Communication 15, sup1 (December 1998): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10584609.1998.11672651.

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Wiegand, Bruce. "Political considerations of studying tax compliance." American Sociologist 18, no. 4 (December 1987): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02692368.

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Minnich, Elizabeth Kamarck. "Teaching Thinking: Moral and Political Considerations." Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning 35, no. 5 (September 2003): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00091380309604115.

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NIXON, DAVID C., and J. DAVID HASKIN. "Judicial Retirement Strategies." American Politics Quarterly 28, no. 4 (October 2000): 458–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532673x00028004002.

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If judges are politically strategic, they may try to retire at times that maximize the chances that an ideologically compatible successor will be appointed. Using biographical data on all appellate judges who have retired since 1892, a heteroscedastic panel probit model is used to examine retirement timing as a function of personal and political factors. We determine whether retirement from the bench can be explained exclusively by personal factors such as salary, pension, and workload, or if political considerations enter into the decision. The data reveal that retirement decisions are affected primarily by nonpolitical considerations, but presidential elections may factor into a judge's decision. The only important strategic political consideration in evidence is whether a judge contemplating retirement faces an opposing party president and how far off that president's next election is.
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Riggs, Fred W. "Onomantic and Semantic Considerations." Politics and the Life Sciences 6, no. 2 (February 1988): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0730938400003208.

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Corning and Hines make a useful contribution to the study of politics by distinguishing sharply between “political development” and “political evolution.” Their emphasis on the multidisciplinary dimensions of real life changes as they occur (and have occurred) throughout the world is also needed. We must, assuredly, go beyond political science, both to the other social sciences (including economics) and also, notably, to the life sciences.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Political considerations"

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Klien, Shira. "Education in India : market failures and political considerations." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1930/.

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Governments around the world fund schools and are also involved in operating them. There is wide agreement that governments should be involved in provision of education, but the appropriate level and form of their involvement is a subject of debate. The key justifications for government involvement are externalities and credit market imperfections, and this thesis examines these inefficiencies within the context of India's education system. Chapter 2 assesses human capital externalities in India. It demonstrates that living in a locality with educated individuals has a strong beneficial effect on wages over and above the effect of one's own education. In line with theoretical predictions, the effect is strongest for small geographical areas. In contrast to a general equilibrium interpretation of the results, skilled labour also benefits from a better level of local education. Furthermore, human capital externalities are more pronounced in nonprimary industries. Chapter 3 analyses the effect of credit constraints on education. The principal findings are that credit constraints significantly reduce school attendance and increase wealth inequalities in educational outcomes. Temporary income shocks reduce the probability of attending school, but access to credit mitigates this effect. Finally, the results are not limited to short-term outcomes, but are also seen to be present in long-term outcomes. Chapter 4 studies how representation of teachers in India's state Upper Houses affects the provision of education. The main results are that teacher representation increases employment of teachers in represented schools and reduces employment in unrepresented schools, with a corresponding effect on educational outcomes. Rather than achieving the intended objectives of teacher representation, teachers seem to have used their political power to shift resources in their favour.
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Apperley, Alan Robert. "Personal autonomy and health policy : some considerations in political theory." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1991. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/37880/.

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This thesis examines some of the implications for social policy of an account of human nature frequently associated with liberal political theory. Taking as its starting point the claim that the objectives of social policy are contested, it seeks to develop an account of autonomy that will serve as a neutral 'organizational principle' around which to construct social policy. A particular version of personal autonomy is developed and defended against both abstract Kantian moral autonomy, and the individualism often associated with liberal theories. This project is pursued first through a discussion of the relationship of autonomous persons to 'social forms', and then through a critique of libertarian and 'intellectualist' accounts of autonomy. It is argued that, since autonomy is not only employed in the making of choices, but also in the implementing of those choices, it follows that the autonomous person must, of necessity, be viewed 'holistically' for the body is the primary means of implementing the choices autonomous persons make. The health of the body, as well as that of the mind, therefore assumes importance for any social policy that takes autonomy to be a fundamental objective. The implications for such an account of social policy are then explored in two ways. First, through a discussion of the phenomenon of 'medicalization'. Second, through a discussion of the Prevention and Health campaign. In the first instance, it is argued that the assumption that medicalization systematically undermines autonomy is ill-founded because theories of medicalization misunderstand what it is to be autonomous. In the second instance, the discussion of preventive health-care policy serves to illustrate the fundamentally erroneous assumptions of individually-focussed health-care programmes. In conclusion, it is argued that a unified account of autonomous persons must inevitably lead to a more integrated social policy.
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Pariona, Arana Raúl. "The abuse of authority crime. Dogmatic and political-criminal considerations." THĒMIS-Revista de Derecho, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/107280.

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In a State governed by the rule of law and respect for institutions, the power is never absolute, but rather a limited one. In that order, when public officials exceed their authority and attributions, the legal system should have a reaction.In the present article, the author realizes an explanation and an analysis about the abuse of authority crime. According to national and international doctrine, and Peruvian jurisprudence, the author presents how to understand the legal right protected, the objective and subjective tipicity, the active and passive subjects, as well as the sanction in this crime.
En un Estado democrático de Derecho, el poder nunca es absoluto, sino más bien limitado. En ese sentido, cuando los funcionarios públicos se exceden en sus funciones o atribuciones, corresponde una reacción de parte del ordenamiento.En el presente artículo, el autor realiza una explicación y un análisis sobre el delito de abuso de autoridad. De acuerdo a la doctrina nacional e internacional, y a la jurisprudencia peruana, el autor señala cómo entender el bien jurídico que se protege, la tipicidad objetiva y subjetiva, los sujetos activo y pasivo, así como la pena en este delito.
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Chrona, Stavroula. "The psychology of political behaviour in Turkey : the affective, cognitive and motivational nature of citizens' political considerations." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2017. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844704/.

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This thesis investigates the psychological underpinnings of citizens’ political judgements in Turkey. Drawing upon political psychology studies, it focuses on the cognitive, affective and motivational components of political behaviour and investigates the role that ideological inclinations, value-orientations, emotions and sophistication play in shaping individual-based political decisions. By taking account of the electoral stronghold of the AK Party - whose roots are traced to its pro-Islamist agenda - in combination with the recent authoritarian turn in the country, the examination sheds light on the way citizens negotiate their political belonging and shape their positions in a non-traditional Western context. In doing so, the study uses both quantitative and qualitative data: the 2007 World Value Survey, a survey conducted in Ankara in 2009, and 25 semi-structured interviews with Turkish citizens. The findings highlight the importance of ideological divisions, value orientations and affective expressions of public opinion driving differential accounts of the socio-political reality, thus confirming the widely acknowledged high levels of polarization in Turkey. A key division emerges around ideological inclinations and values dividing citizens on the basis of their position towards the AK party. Also, the research suggests that more moderate segments of the population converge when it comes to the importance of individual freedoms and rights, the importance of democracy and the coexistence of traditions and modernization. Political sophistication conditions the function of ideology, values, and emotions at the individual level highlighting important differences in the belief systems of high sophisticates and novices.
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Townsend, John. "Seven contemporary French political thinkers : considerations of individualism, humanism and value pluralism." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2001. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/826e3510-c0fd-4bbe-b78c-979e057f981a/1/.

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This thesis focuses upon a significant body of contemporary French political thought which takes as its starting point a contention that both the monist and doctrinaire political precepts dating from the Revolution and the consequent Hegelian, Marxist and structuralist thinking linked to these precepts have become anachronistic and hence have little relevance in present-day France. The originality of this doctoral thesis lies in the analysis of the work of seven political thinkers. All of these thinkers, recognizing a break in the continuity of French political thought consequent upon the claim of François Furet that the "Revolution is complete", have sought to rationalize and reconcile the values of individualism, humanism and modernity in contemporary France. In contrast to the political thinkers of the Sartrean generation, whose work took little account of the actual practice of politics, in the seven thinkers seek to relate the philosophical problems inherent in considerations of individual and communal rights and values to the present-day political environment. Each of the seven has sought to rationalize a political situation, novel in France, of an acceptance of the concept of agreeing to differ on matters of substance and of a recognition that a modern democratic state is heteronomous and may contain a substantial range of incommensurable values . This amounts to an acceptance of agonistic value pluralism, that is, of the idea of political conflict which is constructive (by contrast with the destructive conflict of revolutionary-inspired doctrines) and which leads to the evolution of arguments broadly acceptable to a majority in situations in which there is a clash of values. Thus the practice of politics has become a succession of endeavours to arrive at optimum solutions to conflictual problems, rather than a search after chimerical, maxirnalist answers . Each of the seven has sought to rationalize a political situation, novel in France, of an acceptance of the concept of agreeing to differ on matters of substance and of a recognition that a modern democratic state is heteronomous and may contain a substantial range of incommensurable values. This amounts to an acceptance of agonistic value pluralism, that is, of the idea of political conflict which is constructive (by contrast with the destructive conflict of revolutionary-inspired doctrines) and which leads to the evolution of arguments broadly acceptable to a majority in situations in which there is a clash of values. Thus the practice of politics has become a succession of endeavours to arrive at optimum solutions to conflictual problems, rather than a search after chimerical, maxirnalist answers.
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Hadani, Michael. "Governance mechanisms and corporate political activity ownership considerations in a non-market context /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU0NWQmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=3739.

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Itene, Moses Akpofure. "Problems of nuclear weapons disarmament in international law : legal challenges and political considerations." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2018. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/34780/.

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This thesis explores the legal rationale and political considerations for nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. Nuclear weapons are the most dangerous weapons on earth. Only one can destroy a city, with the potentiality of killing millions and affecting the lives of a whole generation through its lasting calamitous consequences and jeopardising the natural environment. Nuclear weapons are normally classified alongside with chemical and biological weapons as Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and their danger surrounds their very existence. Disarmament has been axiomatically accepted as the best safeguard against their threat, but achieving the aim of disarmament has a tremendously difficult international, socio-legal and political challenge. There are about 22,000 nuclear weapons allegedly remaining in our world today and over 2,000 nuclear tests have been conducted to date. This is to check their functionality by the Nuclear Weapon States (NWS) and to demonstrate to real and potential enemies the potency of their nuclear forces. Consequently, International Law provides the framework within which States conduct their international affairs, usually accepting certain reciprocal constraints and regulating exceptions raised on nuclear weapons disarmament and for ensuring global peace. However, in as much as the NWS and their allies rely on nuclear weapons as legitimate security protective hedge for self-defence, efforts to ensure nuclear disarmament will invariably suffer from a fundamental contradiction and credibility deficit. This research, which unravels contemporary discourse on nuclear weapons disarmament, is burdened by the globally entrenched nuclear hegemony by the NWS and the looming danger of nuclear crisis across the world such as North Korea and other “rogue States” unbridled nuclear ambitions. The doctrinal legal research methodology is being used in analysing, synthesising and critiquing the legal and political issues associated with the research. The possession of nuclear weapons and reliance on nuclear deterrence are tangible evidence of nuclear proliferation. The more the world realises the global humanitarian consequences associated with nuclear weapons, the stronger the case and urgent steps needed against them. The nuclear technological threshold is rapidly growing, for political rather than technological purposes. This thesis therefore argues for more effective monitoring and compliance, together with greater enforcement of nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament commitments and obligations,especially in accordance with the provisions of the newly emerged Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons(TPNW)for the realisation of the desired objective of a nuclear free world. As part of the research findings, it is clear that any use of nuclear weapons would violate all the principles of International Humanitarian Law including jus ad bellum (when States are compelled to engage in warfare) and jus in bello (rules of engagement in war). This is as a result of the unthinkable humanitarian emergencies, catastrophic global consequences on the environment, climate, health, social order, human development and economic impacts nuclear weapons would potentially cause. According to the 2002 Rome Statute of International Criminal Court provisions, any use of nuclear weapons would amount to genocide (Article 6), crime against humanity (Article 7) and war crime (Article 8). Still from the research findings, both nuclear weapons and nuclear deterrence are arguably described as illegitimate instruments of State policies and they constitute instrumentalities of international lawlessness in the midst of earliest and contemporaneous legal instruments on nuclear disarmament. The fundamental recommendation arising from this research is that all States at all times need to comply with applicable international law on nuclear disarmament in conformity with the International Court of Justice Advisory Opinions on the legality of the threat or use of nuclear weapons and on the legality of use of nuclear weapons by a State in armed conflict. Significantly, all the Nuclear Weapon States should fulfil their commitments on the 13 practical steps towards disarmament outlined at the 2000 Non-proliferation Treaty Review and Extesion Confenece (NPTREC), for the actualisation of general and complete nuclear disarmament.
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McKinnon, Laurie. "An Examination of the Judicial Peremptory Challenge| Variations between States and Considerations of Constitutionality." Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10126112.

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Seventeen states allow for a judicial peremptory challenge of a trial judge. Seven of these states require that a new judge be assigned to the case without any showing of bias, prejudice or impartiality. The remaining ten states require some showing, primarily through an affidavit or certification, which meets requirements set forth by the statute or rule. Distinctions between the various challenge procedures were examined. State jurisprudence addressing the competing constitutional principles of maintaining a litigant’s right to a fair and impartial tribunal and the presumption of a trial judge’s impartiality was examined within the context of the doctrine of separation of powers, improper delegation of judicial power, and analogies to the peremptory strike of a juror. Having found no constitutional infirmities, except perhaps under circumstances unique to the evolution of a state’s particular rule or statute, the decision of whether to remove by a peremptory challenge a presumptively impartial judge should be left to the policy branch of government—the legislature.

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McAdams, Erin Stamatia. "The Psychological Dynamics of Group-based Considerations on Partisanship: A Case Study of Christian Conservatives and Conflict in the Republican Party." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1243376142.

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Becker, Jonathan A. "Changing Soviet press coverage of the United States in the Gorbachev era : domestic and foreign considerations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358451.

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Books on the topic "Political considerations"

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Naudé, Gabriel. Political considerations on coups d'etat. Corvallis, OR: Plutarch Press, 2006.

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Aizenman, Joshua. Endogenous financial openness: Efficiency and political economy considerations. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.

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Richard, Lebrun, ed. Considerations on France. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

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Anderson, John. Political and commercial considerations relative to the Malayan Peninsula. [Kuala Lumpur]: MBRAS, 1989.

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Meenaghan, Thomas M. Policy analysis and research technology: Political and ethical considerations. Chicago, Ill: Lyceum Books, 1994.

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Politics in organizations: Theory and research considerations. New York: Routledge, 2012.

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Social democracy and workers in Odessa: Ethnic and political considerations. Pittsburgh, Pa. (4E23 Forbes Quad, Pittsburgh 15260): Center for Russian and East European Studies, University of Pittsburgh, 1986.

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Weinberg, Robert. Social Democracy and workers in Odessa: Ethnic and political considerations. Pittsburgh, Pa: Center for Russian and East European Studies, University of Pittsburgh, 1986.

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Apperley, Alan Robert. Personal autonomy and health policy: Some considerations in political theory. [s.l.]: typescript, 1991.

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Bratton, Michael. Political participation in a new democracy: Institutional considerations from Zambia. Glasgow: University of Strathclyde, Centre for the Study of Public Policy, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Political considerations"

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Stackowiak, Robert. "Political Considerations." In Remaining Relevant in Your Tech Career, 31–40. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-3703-8_3.

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Bäck, Henry, Gunnar Gjelstrup, Marit Helgesen, Folke Johansson, and Jan Erling Klausen. "Methodological considerations." In Urban Political Decentralisation, 37–51. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80974-2_4.

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Furculiță, Cornelia. "Competing Political Considerations." In The WTO and the New Generation EU FTA Dispute Settlement Mechanisms, 163–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83118-9_7.

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Hewer, Christopher J. "Some Historical and Philosophical Considerations." In Political Psychology, 1–27. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118982365.ch1.

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Molander, Per. "Philosophical and Political Considerations." In The Origins of Inequality, 179–203. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93189-6_9.

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van Um, Eric. "Conceptual Considerations." In Evaluating the Political Rationality of Terrorist Groups, 11–33. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-11539-5_2.

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Webster, John. "Cultural, Political, Legal and Economic Considerations." In Veterinary & Animal Ethics, 217–18. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118384282.part4.

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Troger, Hermann. "The Company Perspective: Micro-Political Considerations." In Future of Business and Finance, 29–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67470-0_2.

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Troger, Hermann. "The Global Perspective: Macro-political Considerations." In Future of Business and Finance, 3–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67470-0_1.

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Müller-Rommel, Ferdinand, Michelangelo Vercesi, and Jan Berz. "Change of Prime Ministers’ Careers: Theoretical Considerations." In Palgrave Studies in Political Leadership, 65–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90891-1_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Political considerations"

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Jones, P. J., and W. A. Lau. "International Gas Strategies: Political, Corporate, and Financial Considerations." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/26408-ms.

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Hundley, Jason P., Erica Hampton, Keithe Baggett, and Bart D. Leahy. "Political and Technical Considerations in Developing the Space Transportation System." In AIAA SPACE 2013 Conference and Exposition. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-5316.

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Narcisa, Lucan Alexandra. "CURRENT CONSIDERATIONS ON INTERNAL AUDIT AND ANTI-CORRUPTION INITIATIVES." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on POLITICAL SCIENCES, LAW, FINANCE, ECONOMICS AND TOURISM. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b24/s7.019.

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Bocutoğlu, Ersan. "Considerations on Armenian Political Elites, Diasporas and Armenian Economy in 1991-2019 Period." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c13.02470.

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After the liberation of Dağlık Karabağ and close vicinity from the long-standing Armenian occupation by Azerbaijan in 2020, different scenarios concerning the future of Armenia and South Caucasus have come to fore. Therefore, there should be a realistic evaluation of status quo of Armenian political elites, diasporas and Armenian economy relations before taking into account of the scenarios. It is not difficult to estimate that since the realization of optimistic scenarios need a mental transformation of Armenian political elites and diasporas that takes considerable time, they are not likely to happen let alone in the short run but even in the medium run. The aim of this paper is to investigate the status quo of Armenian political elites, diasporas, and Armenian economy relations during 1991-2019 period so as to be able to set up a scientific base on which the evaluation of scenarios concerning the future of Armenia and South Caucasus is placed. The method adopted in the paper is a descriptive one and data are collected via internet. Paper suggests that the divergence of Armenian political elites and diasporas on fundamental issues such as Armenia-diaspora relations, Armenia-Russia relations, Armenia-the West Relations and Armenia-Turkey-Azerbaijan relations blackens not only the future of Armenia but also the future of South Caucasus.
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Deac, Veronica. "CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING A NEW APPROACH OF ENTERPRISES PERFORMANCE: BY MEANS OF RANDOM VARIABLES." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on POLITICAL SCIENCES, LAW, FINANCE, ECONOMICS AND TOURISM. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b22/s6.016.

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Abdel Shafi, Essam. "Political Change in Egypt and the Policies of Consolidating ‌Hegemony." In REFORM AND POLITICAL CHANGE. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdiconfrpc.pp34-48.

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The January 25, 2011 revolution that Egypt witnessed was the product of a political and social movement in an ancient civil society, which maintained this characteristic in a stable manner, despite successive bulldozing operations for centuries and extended decades. However, the revolution witnessed fundamental transformations, which led to a military coup in 2013. Repressive policies and practices to consolidate tyranny and authoritarianism, not only in the face of citizens, but also to establish dominance over the state's wealth and capabilities. In dealing with the January revolution, the Egyptian military adopted many policies and practices, whether in the first transitional phase supervised by the Military Council (from February 2011 to June 2012), or during the first year of President Mohamed Morsi's rule, in which he directed matters from The successor, the Military Council, or direct control after the coup of July 3, 2013, until January 2021, and the tasks, roles and functions carried out by the military institution during the ten years (under study) were divided between the policies of consolidating authoritarianism and tyranny, the legal codification of these policies, the systematic violation of rights and freedoms, and the policies of Hegemony and the total militarization of the economy to the extent of what can be called “state ownership,” and the reinforcement of the saying that Egypt is an “army with a state and not a state with an army.” In the face of these considerations, the duality of authoritarianism and the movement emerges, and the transformations and developments between them in Egypt during the ten years that passed after the January 2011 revolution. On political life in Egypt after the January revolution?
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COJOCARU, CRISTINA. "SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON THE LIABILITY OF THE MANAGEMENT BODIES OF AN INSOLVENT COMPANY IN ROMANIAN LAW." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on POLITICAL SCIENCES, LAW, FINANCE, ECONOMICS AND TOURISM. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b21/s5.107.

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Erdogan, Seyit Ali, and Andrej Naumčik. "Evaluation of investing in real estate in EU and non-EU countries based on MCDM." In The 13th international scientific conference “Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques”. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mbmst.2019.151.

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Investment in real estate is a zoning issue as the real estate market is closely related to economic development and trends in real estate market are considered to be indicators of trends in the whole economy of the country. The goal of this paper is to analyse the main aspects and considerations when investing in real estate, evaluate investment in real estate situation in different EU and non-EU countries and introduce MCDM methods that could be used for selecting a state for investment in real estate. It is identified that when investing in real estate various political, social, economic, environmental and other factors have to be taken into consideration. Analysed examples of EU (Lithuania, Romania, UK) and non-EU (Turkey, China, Russia) countries show different risks and opportunities for investments in real estate. MCDM methods are applicable to evaluate which countries are most attractive for investment in real estate. Described TOPSIS and ARAS methods could be used for assessing states as alternatives when selecting where to invest
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Vicini, Fabio. "GÜLEN’S RETHINKING OF ISLAMIC PATTERN AND ITS SOCIO-POLITICAL EFFECTS." In Muslim World in Transition: Contributions of the Gülen Movement. Leeds Metropolitan University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55207/gbfn9600.

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Over recent decades Islamic traditions have emerged in new forms in different parts of the Muslim world, interacting differently with secular and neo-liberal patterns of thought and action. In Turkey Fethullah Gülen’s community has been a powerful player in the national debate about the place of Islam in individual and collective life. Through emphasis on the im- portance of ‘secular education’ and a commitment to the defence of both democratic princi- ples and international human rights, Gülen has diffused a new and appealing version of how a ‘good Muslim’ should act in contemporary society. In particular he has defended the role of Islam in the formation of individuals as ethically-responsible moral subjects, a project that overlaps significantly with the ‘secular’ one of forming responsible citizens. Concomitantly, he has shifted the Sufi emphasis on self-discipline/self-denial towards an active, socially- oriented service of others – a form of religious effort that implies a strongly ‘secular’ faith in the human ability to make this world better. This paper looks at the lives of some members of the community to show how this pattern of conduct has affected them. They say that teaching and learning ‘secular’ scientific subjects, combined with total dedication to the project of the movement, constitute, for them, ways to accomplish Islamic deeds and come closer to God. This leads to a consideration of how such a rethinking of Islamic activism has influenced po- litical and sociological transition in Turkey, and a discussion of the potential contribution of the movement towards the development of a more human society in contemporary Europe. From the 1920s onwards, in the context offered by the decline and collapse of the Ottoman Empire, Islamic thinkers, associations and social movements have proliferated their efforts in order to suggest ways to live a good “Muslim life” under newly emerging conditions. Prior to this period, different generations of Muslim Reformers had already argued the compat- ibility of Islam with reason and “modernity”, claiming for the need to renew Islamic tradition recurring to ijtihad. Yet until the end of the XIX century, traditional educational systems, public forms of Islam and models of government had not been dismissed. Only with the dismantlement of the Empire and the constitution of national governments in its different regions, Islamic intellectuals had to face the problem of arranging new patterns of action for Muslim people. With the establishment of multiple nation-states in the so-called Middle East, Islamic intel- lectuals had to cope with secular conceptions about the subject and its place and space for action in society. They had to come to terms with the definitive affirmation of secularism and the consequent process of reconfiguration of local sensibilities, forms of social organisation, and modes of action. As a consequence of these processes, Islamic thinkers started to place emphasis over believers’ individual choice and responsibility both in maintaining an Islamic conduct daily and in realising the values of Islamic society. While under the Ottoman rule to be part of the Islamic ummah was considered an implicit consequence of being a subject of the empire. Not many scientific works have looked at contemporary forms of Islam from this perspective. Usually Islamic instances are considered the outcome of an enduring and unchanging tradition, which try to reproduce itself in opposition to outer-imposed secular practices. Rarely present-day forms of Islamic reasoning and practice have been considered as the result of a process of adjustment to new styles of governance under the modern state. Instead, I argue that new Islamic patterns of action depend on a history of practical and conceptual revision they undertake under different and locally specific versions of secularism. From this perspective I will deal with the specific case of Fethullah Gülen, the head of one of the most famous and influent “renewalist” Islamic movements of contemporary Turkey. From the 1980s this Islamic leader has been able to weave a powerful network of invisible social ties from which he gets both economic and cultural capital. Yet what interests me most in this paper, is that with his open-minded and moderate arguments, Gülen has inspired many people in Turkey to live Islam in a new way. Recurring to ijtihad and drawing from secular epistemology specific ideas about moral agency, he has proposed to a wide public a very at- tractive path for being “good Muslims” in their daily conduct. After an introductive explanation of the movement’s project and of the ideas on which it is based, my aim will be to focus on such a pattern of action. Particular attention will be dedi- cated to Gülen’s conception of a “good Muslim” as a morally-guided agent, because such a conception reveals underneath secular ideas on both responsibility and moral agency. These considerations will constitute the basis from which we can look at the transformation of Islam – and more generally of “the religion” – in the contemporary world. Then a part will be dedicated to defining the specificity of Gülen’s proposal, which will be compared with that of other Islamic revivalist movements in other contexts. Some common point between them will merge from this comparison. Both indeed use the concept of respon- sibility in order to push subjects to actively engage in reviving Islam. Yet, on the other hand, I will show how Gülen’s followers distinguish themselves by the fact their commitment pos- sesses a socially-oriented and reformist character. Finally I will consider the proximity of Gülen’s conceptualisation of moral agency with that the modern state has organised around the idea of “civic virtues”. I argue Gülen’s recall for taking responsibility of social moral decline is a way of charging his followers with a similar burden the modern state has charged its citizens. Thus I suggest the Islamic leader’s pro- posal can be seen as the tentative of supporting the modernity project by defining a new and specific space to Islam and religion into it. This proposal opens the possibility of new and interesting forms of interconnection between secular ideas of modernity and the so-called “Islamic” ones. At the same time I think it sheds a new light over contemporary “renewalist” movements, which can be considered a concrete proposal about how to realise, in a different background, modern forms of governance by reconsidering their moral basis.
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Chan, S. H., G. B. Jung, F. B. Weng, and A. Su. "Fuel Cell Research and Development in Taiwan." In ASME 2005 3rd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2005-74179.

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Fuel cells provide a clean and efficient alternative fuel technology for transportation, residential and portable power applications. From political, social, economic, energy, environmental and technological considerations, the emerging fuel cell technology is undoubtedly well worthy of long-term investment in Taiwan. In view of the success and manufacture capability of electronics and IT industries, Taiwan may play an active role in fuel cell manufacturing and is thus conducive for international strategic alliance, both in R&D and manufacturing activities. This article provides an overview of Taiwan’s technological activities and accomplishments in fuel cells, and makes recommendations for the country’s future development and commercialization of fuel cell applications.
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Reports on the topic "Political considerations"

1

Barnett, Andrew. Political considerations relevant to energy and economic growth. Evidence on Demand, November 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12774/eod_hd.november2014.barnetta.

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Aizenman, Joshua, and Ilan Noy. Endogenous Financial Openness: Efficiency and Political Economy Considerations. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10144.

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Quigley, Erik N. Geo-Political Considerations to China's Rise in Space Power. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada539644.

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Terstegge, Stephen D. Ballistic Missile Defense in the European Theater: Political, Military and Technical Considerations. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada468576.

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Brlecic, Jeffrey W. Theater Strategic and Operational Level Command and Control Warfare: The Legal, Moral, and Political Considerations of Leadership Targeting. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada395644.

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Sabates-Wheeler, Rachel, and Carolina Szyp. Key Considerations for Targeting Social Assistance in Situations of Protracted Crises. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/basic.2022.012.

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Targeting social assistance in situations of protracted conflict, protracted displacement, or recurrent climate shock, so that it reaches those most in need rapidly, effectively and without doing further harm, has historically been one of the most complex technical and political challenges for development and humanitarian programmes. Trade-offs involving costs beyond the economic – such as risks of exclusion and concerns over protection – raise questions about who to target, how to target and whether to target at all (i.e. through universal coverage or lotteries) would lead to better impacts in contexts where systems of state provision are often damaged or non-existent. The multiplicity of actors involved in delivering social assistance in crisis situations, with their own targeting cultures and mandates, can result in uncoordinated patchy and limited assistance, often overlooking equity concerns. Drawing on a range of literature, in this paper we examine the key considerations and dilemmas for targeting social assistance in protracted crises, including shock contexts, targeting methods, exclusion and protection risks, national and international actors’ politics, and technologies. Our purpose is to draw out lessons to better inform targeting of future social assistance programming across the humanitarian-development nexus.
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Adleh, Fadi, and Diane Duclos. Key Considerations: Supporting ‘Wheat-to-Bread’ Systems in Fragmented Syria. SSHAP, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.027.

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Since the end of 2021, the food crisis in Syria has worsened. Humanitarian agencies working in Syria, as well as other experts, have warned the food crisis could rapidly lead to famine unless immediately addressed. This brief describes the social and political dimensions of food insecurity in Syria. It provides insights into how territorial fragmentation affects wheat-to-bread systems, outlines key threats to wheat production, and sets out key considerations for the humanitarian sector, researchers, and donors responding to the crisis. Sources for this brief include published papers, reports, media articles, and open-source datasets. It also draws on consultations with farmers and other experts that were conducted in November and December 2021. Consultations were held across the three main areas of control in Syria: North East Syria, North West Syria, and territories controlled by the government of Syria. This briefing was written by Fadi Adleh (independent researcher) and Diane Duclos (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) for the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP). It was reviewed externally by Edward Thomas (Rift Valley Institute) and support for field assessments was provided by Ali Ahmad (agronomist). The briefing was edited by Victoria Haldane and Leslie Jones (Anthrologica) and internally reviewed by Santiago Ripoll, Melissa Parker, and Annie Wilkinson. The brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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Kelly, Luke. Humanitarian Considerations in Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR). Institute of Development Studies, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.106.

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This rapid literature review finds that disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration (DDR) raises a number of humanitarian considerations, centred on the treatment of participants and the unintended consequences of the programmes. In particular, DDR undertaken during conflicts is linked to several protection risks and is difficult to implement in a neutral, equitable and humanitarian manner. By humanitarian concerns, this report means: • Some of the functions undertaken in DDR, • Humanitarian risks to individuals in DDR programmes, • Indirect risks of conflict arising from DDR programmes; DDR is a broad and multi-faceted process involving security, humanitarian and development aspects and actors, with wide-ranging impacts. Humanitarian actors do not undertake DDR, but they may support some DDR processes, and maybe affected by DDR or its effects. According to UN guidance and the academic literature, successful DDR will consider socio-economic conditions in the community, as well as for the ex-combatants. It should be attuned to the range of needs of participants and should abide by relevant international law. The political dynamics of a conflict or post-conflict situation shape the success of DDR. It was first used in post-conflict situations, but the increasing use of DDR in ongoing conflicts creates new difficulties. The failure or partial implementation creates many humanitarian problems. This may arise from a lack of resources; competing authorities (and particularly the co-option of DDR for war aims); ongoing conflict and instability; mistakes in implementation; and socio-economic conditions unconducive to successful reintegration. Unsuccessful DDR may see partially demobilised actors remain dangerous, or may fuel new grievances around the perceived unfairness of granting support to former combatants. There is a large body of evidence on the successes and failures of DDR programmes, how they vary over time and across contexts, and guidance on how to implement DDR. Relatively little refers explicitly to humanitarian concerns, but many of the issues covered can be characterised as humanitarian. DDR has been employed in many situations since the 1980s, meaning that it is not possible to comprehensively survey the guidance or case study evidence. Instead, this review focuses on the main areas where DDR can be said to raise humanitarian concerns, with a particular focus on the problems raised by DDR in ongoing conflicts.
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Roth, Emmanuelle. Key Considerations: 2021 Outbreak of Ebola in Guinea, the Context of N’Zérékoré. SSHAP, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.016.

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This brief summarises key considerations about the social, political and economic context shaping the outbreak of Ebola in the N’Zérékoré prefecture, Guinea, as of March 2021. The outbreak was declared on 14 February 2021, two weeks after the death of the first known case, a health agent (Agent Technique de Santé) from Gouécké. Gouécké is located 40km north of N’Zérékoré via the paved Route Nationale 2. The nurse sought care at a health centre in Gouécké, a clinic and then a traditional healer in N’Zérékoré. She died in N’Zérékoré on 28 January. When they became sick, the relatives of the first known case referred themselves to N’Zérékoré regional hospital, where the disease was transmitted to healthcare workers. Although the potential for transmission in rural areas of the Gouécké subprefecture was high, to date, most cases have been reported in the urban setting of N’Zérékoré, which is the focus of this brief. At the time of writing (22 March), the total number of cases was 18 (14 confirmed, four probable), with nine deaths and six recoveries. The last new case was reported on 4 March.
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Arifi, Besa. Education in Preventing & Countering Violent Extremism: Considerations for the Western Balkans. RESOLVE Network, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/pn2022.1.wb.

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Violent extremism in the Western Balkans takes many forms, from Western Balkans foreign fighters recruited to participate in conflicts abroad, including in the Middle East and Ukraine; to ethno-nationalist organizations that spread inter-ethnic hatred, some emanating from and glorifying legacies of conflict spanning back to the breakup of the former Yugoslavia and regional conflicts in the 1990s; to chauvinism and anti-EU and anti-NATO ideas that emerge to become even more serious and with greater consequences for the region and socio-political cohesion and dynamics. As violent extremism continues to evolve and adapt in the Western Balkan countries, efforts to address it must also adjust to new threats from both internal and external sources. Recent research on violent extremism in the Western Balkans, and North Macedonia specifically, suggests that education may be an important tool in addressing violent extremism in the region. Some have suggested educational initiatives may assist in addressing online and offline disinformation and extremist narratives. Furthermore, addressing ongoing issues within ethnically divided educational systems may play an important role in working to address some of the ethnic-based divisions that can contribute to ”othering” dynamics. Others have further suggested that education and other support services can play a role in aiding the transition of those imprisoned on charges related to violent extremism and returning families back into society. As countries throughout the Western Balkans continue to update and revise their national action plans and policies to address violent extremism, greater consideration of the role of education and how it might be integrated into these policies is needed. This publication, based on findings from a large-scale literature review mapping the state of research on education in P/CVE in the Western Balkans and beyond,offers a series of considerations for policymakers and practitioners looking to incorporate education in future efforts to address drivers, both real and potential, of violent extremism in Western Balkan states. While findings from this paper are contextualized within the broader experiences of the Western Balkans, specific examples based on experiences in individual countries, North Macedonia most notably, are detailed to provide an in-depth example of considerations for policymakers interested in further incorporating education into P/CVE plans moving forward.
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