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1
Vagionakis, Irene <1991>. "Kretikai politeiai : le istituzioni cretesi dal 7. al 1. secolo a.C." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17819.
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La ricerca si è posta come obiettivo un esame sistematico della documentazione pertinente alle istituzioni cretesi, eminentemente di natura epigrafica, al fine di proporre una ricostruzione aggiornata dell’intero quadro amministrativo delle realtà politiche dell’isola dalla nascita delle poleis fino alla conquista romana di Creta (VII-I secolo a.C.). Delle 600 iscrizioni oggetto d’esame è fornita un’edizione digitale XML secondo lo standard TEI-EpiDoc, dotata ciascuna di un commento mirato sulle informazioni di natura istituzionale offerte dal documento. L’edizione dei testi epigrafici è accompagnata da un esame dei singoli elementi istituzionali considerati (organi assembleari, magistrati e funzionari, collegi, associazioni, ripartizioni civiche, status sociali, classi di età, mesi, festività e altre celebrazioni, pratiche e strumenti istituzionali, spazi pubblici) e da una proposta di ricostruzione degli assetti amministrativi di ciascuna realtà politica di Creta (poleis, koina, comunità dipendenti, santuari extraurbani, alleanze egemoniche) volta all’individuazione di specificità locali e tendenze regionali.
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Longley, Georgina. "Polybius, Politeia, and history." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669801.
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Wolf, Christopher. "Plato: Die Gerechtigkeit in der Politeia." Ulm : Universität Ulm, Humboldt-Studienzentrum für Philosophie und Geisteswissenschaften, 2000. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB8473241.
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Lim, Sungwhan. "Platons Idee des Guten in der "Politeia"." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975599755.
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Katsaros, Andrea Helen. "Literary perspectives on Pseudo-Xenophon's Athenaion Politeia." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk196.pdf.
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Thommen, Lukas. "Lakedaimonion politeia : die Entstehung der spartanischen Verfassung /." Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35848839f.
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Harbsmeier, Martin Sander. "Das Thema der Lebenswahl in Platons Politeia." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät II, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17799.
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Die Dissertation greift zwei neuere Ansätze der Platonforschung (P. Stemmer, N. Blößner) auf. Demnach ist Platons ''Politeia'' keine Lehrschrift, sondern eine kohärente Argumentation, die zudem den im ''Phaidros'' entfalteten Kommunikationsregeln folgt, also auf konkrete Situationen, Beweisziele und Personen bezogen ist. Der Autor konzentriert sich besonders auf den letzten Aspekt und hier vor allem auf die jugendlichen Gesprächspartner des Sokrates, die Brüder Glaukon und Adeimantos. Er zeigt, dass deren Analyse, die öffentliche Meinung der Zeit impliziere eine starke Tendenz zum Egoismus, und das bei ihnen daraus erwachsene, im Dialog drängend artikulierte Bedürfnis nach Gewinnung einer fundierten Gegenposition, die sie von Sokrates erwarten, Anlage und Durchführung von dessen Argumentation in der Tat wesentlich beeinflussen. Weil eine allen Einwänden standhaltende Begründung stets den Nachweis erfordert, dass gerecht zu sein ein intrinsisch notwendiger Bestandteil der Eudaimonie, d.h. eines gelingenden Lebens ist, erweist sich die reflektierte Lebenswahl somit als das zentrale Thema der ''Politeia'', das den Dialog zusammenhält und seinen Aufbau sowie den Zusammenhang seiner vielen unterschiedlichen Sachthemen letztlich erklärt. Behandelt wird dieses Thema aber nicht abstrakt, sondern mit Bezug auf die konkrete Situation der Brüder, von denen Glaukon (so der Autor) die initiative Rolle zuzuschreiben sei. Trotzdem gelinge es Platon, das Gespräch nicht um die Entscheidung einzelner Personen für ihre individuelle Lebensführung kreisen zu lassen, sondern um die grundsätzliche – und sich somit auch auf den Leser des Textes beziehende – Frage, auf welcher Erkenntnisbasis, auf welcher methodischen Grundlage und mit welchem Grad an Gewissheit man solche Entscheidungen überhaupt treffen kann. Diese Sicht macht auch die methodischen und erkenntnistheoretischen Explikationen, die Platons Dialog in beträchtlichem Maße enthält, zu essentiellen Bestandteilen der Argumentation.<br>This dissertation picks up on two recent approaches in Platonic scholarship (P. Stemmer, N. Bloessner), which view Plato’s ''Politeia'' not as a doctrinal work, but rather a coherent argumentation, which, moreover, applies the rules of communication as laid out in the ''Phaedrus'' and is thus related to the argumentative goals of concrete persons in a specific situation. The author primarily focuses on the second aspect, particularly on Socrates’ young interlocutors, the brothers Glaucon and Adeimantus. He shows how their analysis, according to which the public opinion of their time implies a strong tendency towards egoism, and their consequent desire for a well-founded counterargument, for which they turn to Socrates, in fact determines the structure and development of the latter’s argumentation. Since a justification which can withstand all objections requires the demonstration that being just is an intrinsically necessary component of eudaimonia, i.e. of true happiness, a rational life choice thus emerges as the central theme of the ''Politeia'', which gives the dialogue its inner coherence and ultimately explains its structure as well as the connection between the various topics it deals with. This theme is not, however, developed abstractly, but in connection with the concrete situation of the brothers, with Glaucon (according to the author of the dissertation) taking the initiative. However, Plato nonetheless succeeds at not letting the discussion revolve around the particular decisions of an individual regarding a particular way of life, but rather around the fundamental question – which thus also relates to the reader of the text – as to the epistemological and methodological basis for such decisions and the degree of certainty with which they can be reached. According to this interpretation, the methodological and epistemological explications, which figure prominently throughout the dialogue, should be viewed as essential elements of the argumentation.
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Comparini, Julio de Souza. "Fundamentos do direito nas Leis de Platão." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-24062015-003118/.
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Trata-se de um estudo sobre a filosofia política platônica feito da perspectiva dos fundamentos do direito no texto das Leis. Apresenta-se a dicotomia existente entre a filosofia e a poesia para então demonstrar, apesar disso, como o desenvolvimento e a implementação de um filosófico, e portanto racional, regime político baseado na legalidade, para Platão, não podem prescindir, em certa medida - especificamente para sua efetividade -, da consideração e uso de instrumentos de caráter poético, ou seja, próximos do a-logos.<br>This is a study of the platonic political philosophy made by the perspective of the rights foundations in the text of the Laws. It begins showing the dichotomy between philosophy and poetry to then demonstrate, nevertheless, how the development and implementation of a philosophical, and therefore rational, political regime based on legality, for Plato, can not do without, to some extent - specifically for its effectiveness -, the consideration and use of instruments of poetic character, i.e., near the a-logos.
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Markus, Andreas. "Philosophen- oder Gesetzesherrschaft? Untersuchungen zu Platons Politeia und den Nomoi." Marburg Tectum-Verl, 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2771161&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Diniz, Emmanuela Nogueira Nitão. "Imagem do sol, Linha Segmentada e A Caverna na Politeia de Platão." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6261.
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Previous issue date: 2014-03-27<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>Le présent étude a l intention de réaliser une analyse opére avec les images s utilisées pour
Platon à l intérieur du contexte de la Politeia vulgairement connu comme République , à la fin
du livre VI et du début du livre VII, afin de montrer que les traductiones ne peuvent pas
transmettre les idées platoniciennes par le rapport entre le Bien et le Soleil, lefils du Bien, la
Ligne [Segmentée] et la Caverne thème du corpus ici étudie. Le anachronisme issu de ce
procès de traduction, en effet, assombrit le voir du Platon, non pas pour l incompétence des
traducteurs, mais à cause des langues modernes qu ils se soutiennent, specialment, dans
traductions latines classiques au cours du temps et pour démontrer une grande influence sort
dans le dificulté d interpreter l original en grec ancien sait dans le vocabulaire latin que ne
possede pas la même concretude et la même richesse d aspects verbaux ainsi que l usage des
participes, par exemple, que succède dans les texts grecs. Toutes les traductione du Politeia
sont contagées par une vocabulaire latin que paradoxalment Il a pris a penser comme la
philosofie du platon. On rapport avec corpus platonicum delimitée, est possible prouver que
Platon n a pas écrit, précisément, une méthaphore du Soleil, n a pas distingue exactement un
monde sensible d un monde visible dans sa Ligne, ni n a pas écrit un mythe du caverne. En
verité, ce qui parait dans la litterature platonicienne, est que il utilize des images εἰκόνες
pour essayer atteindre celle qui n a pas été atteint pour la nature humaine: le connaissance du
Bien ηὸ ἀγαθὸν , car, est seulement através de ces images que la pensée et la langue grecque
ont constru un chemin au-delà de μεθοδὸν pour atteindre la verité des choises, donc,
l´éducation παιδέια est posté au centre de l âme humaine ψυχή , elle deviendra libre pour
réaliser ou construire ce chemin dialeticque dans la recherché de la réalité.<br>O presente estudo trabalha com as imagens do tratado de Platão Politeia, vulgarmente
conhecida como República, no final do Livro VI e no início do Livro VII, com a finalidade de
mostrar o problema das traduções modernas não dão conta de transmitir as ideias platônicas
sobre a relação do Bem com o Sol, o Filho do Bem, a Linha Segmentada e a Caverna tema do
corpus aqui estudado , não por incompetência dos tradutores, mas por causa das línguas
modernas que se apoiaram especialmente nas traduções latinas clássicas ao longo do tempo e por
demonstrarem uma grande influência tanto na dificuldade de interpretar o original em grego
clássico quanto no vocabulário latino que não possui a mesma concretude e a mesma riqueza de
aspectos verbais bem como o uso dos particípios, por exemplo, que acontece nos textos gregos.
Todas as traduções da Politeia estão contaminadas por um vocabulário latino que
paradoxalmente aprendeu a pensar com a filosofia de Platão. Com relação ao corpus platonicum
delimitado, é possível provar que Platão não escreveu nenhuma Metáfora do Sol, não distinguiu
exatamente um mundo sensível de um mundo inteligível em sua Linha Segmentada, nem
escreveu um Mito da Caverna. Na verdade, o que acontece na literatura de Platão é que ele se
utiliza de imagens εἰκόνες para tentar atingir o que não pode ser atingido pelo homem: o
conhecimento do Bem ηὸ ἀγαθὸν , pois, é somente através dessas imagens que o pensamento
e a língua grega construíram um caminho além μεθοδὸν para alcançar a verdade das coisas.
Portanto, a educação παιδέια sendo posta no cerne da alma ψυχή humana, ele se tornará
livre para trilhar esse caminho dialético em busca do que é a realidade.
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Kyriakidis, Nicolas. "Delphôn Politeia : étude d'une communauté politique (VIe-Ier siècle av. J.-C.)." Strasbourg, 2010. http://scd-theses.u-strasbg.fr/2048/.
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Ce travail a pour objet la cité-État (polis) de Delphes, entre le VIe et le Ier siècle avant J. -C. La démarche adoptée est celle de l'étude d'une communauté politique en tant que groupe humain, dans ses structures, son fonctionnement et ses interactions. Cette étude de cas a d'autant plus d'intérêt que Delphes constitue un exemple exceptionnellement bien documenté de cité petite ou moyenne. La première partie est consacrée à l'identité de la communauté, essentiellement abordée à travers ses mythes des origines. La deuxième partie analyse son fonctionnement : fonctionnement formel, à travers l'étude des institutions ; fonctionnement socio-politique, à travers celle des acteurs de la vie politique (individus, familles, groupes politiques). La troisième partie montre comment les Delphiens ont relevé le défi que représentait la présence sur leur territoire d'un sanctuaire panhellénique dont ils devaient partager la gestion avec l'Amphictionie, l'association regroupant les représentants des cités et des peuples proches du sanctuaire, mais aussi comment ils ont réussi, à travers plusieurs hégémonies inégalement intrusives, à préserver l'essentiel de leur identité politique. Un épilogue est consacré à la périodisation applicable aux différentes dimensions de la vie de la communauté. Cette étude se veut ainsi une contribution à une meilleure connaissance du « complexe » delphique (sanctuaire, culte et oracle sous la double administration de la cité et de l'Amphictionie), où la cité tient une place importante, en même temps qu'un essai d'histoire globale du fait politique dans cette cité<br>This work is primarily concerned with the city-state (polis) of Delphi between the 6th and 1st century B. C. The procedure adopted entails the study of a political community revolving around a human group within its structure, function and interaction. This case study is specifically more interesting since Delphi is an exceptionally well documented example of a small or medium city. The first part is dedicated to the community’s identity, essentially reached through its Creational Myths. The second part analyses the issues of functionality: formal functionality through the study of institutions and sociopolitical functionalities through the study of the actors of its political activities (individuals, families, political groups). The third part seeks to demonstrate how the Delphians faced the challenge that represented the occupation of their territory in which a panhellenic sanctuary was installed. They also had to equally share its administrational responsibilities with the Amphictyonic League, which was an association that gathered representatives from the cities and ethne nearest to the sanctuary, but also how they succeeded to preserve the essential of their political identity through a sequence of unequally intrusive hegemonies. An epilogue is dedicated to the periodisation which can be applied to the different dimensions of community’s life. This study is thereby a contribution to a better knowledge of the «complex» of Delphi (sanctuary, cult and oracle under the double administration of the city and Amphictyonic League), where the city holds an important place ; it is also an essay about global history of the political fact inside this city
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ESTELITA, Izabella Tavares Simões. "Paideía, politeía e areté nas Leis de Platão." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/23853.
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Previous issue date: 2015-03-06<br>CAPES<br>A pretensão fundamental de nossa dissertação foi tentar compreender melhor o caráter essencialmente ético e pedagógico do projeto político elaborado por Platão em seu último e mais vasto diálogo, as Leis. Dizendo de maneira mais precisa, o objetivo primordial que orientou nossa investigação consistiu em tentar ver como Platão, nas Leis, se esforça para desenvolver um modelo de politeía (πολιτεία) ou de organização da cidade e das leis que a estruturam, que, ao estabelecer a realização da virtude ou da excelência humana (ἀρετή) como a sua meta mais elevada, resulta na determinação da educação (παιδεία) como uma instituição crucial da vida política. Assumindo esse objetivo, consagramo-nos, então, à leitura atenta desse importantíssimo texto platônico e pudemos constatar como, de fato, o pensamento político aí articulado, possuindo uma orientação essencialmente axiológica ou moral, promove uma profunda e substancial conexão entre as dimensões da política, da ética e da educação.<br>The fundamental aim of this dissertation was to try to understand more adequately the essentialy ethical and pedagogical character of the political project elaborated by Plato in his last and most extensive dialogue, the Laws. Being more precise, the prime objective that guided our investigation consisted in trying to see how Plato, in the Laws, strive to develop a model of politeía (πολιτεία) or of the city organization and its laws that, by establishing the realization of virtue or human excelence (ἀρετή) as its most elevated goal, arrives at the determination of education (παιδεία) as a crucial institution of political life. Assuming this objective, we devoted then ourselves to the attentive reading of this extremely important platonic text and we could verify how, in fact, the political thought elaborated in it, having an essentially axiological or moral guidance, promotes a profound and substantial connection between the spheres of politics, ethics and education.
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Calvo, Arévalo Carlos. "El proyecto ético de Platón en La Politeia: Su estructura, problemas y posibles continuaciones." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2010. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/108688.
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Tesis para optar al grado de Magister en Filosofía mención Axiología y Filosofía Política<br>El propósito original de esta Tesis fue el de ofrecer una lectura de la Politeia de Platón centrada en aquellos rasgos de ética y filosofía práctica que a menudo resultan ser, sin embargo, desatendidos por lecturas que enfatizan, más bien, su lado “político” o “metafísico”, con el fin de poder trazar así una línea directriz que haga comprensible la obra en totalidad, y que a la vez permita un acercamiento adecuado a estos otros aspectos. A partir de esto, nuestra tarea principal ha sido la de presentar de manera crítica alguno de los aspectos más importantes del pensamiento ético de Platón, y evaluar hasta qué punto podría ser viable aún hoy en día remitirse a él.
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Ochagavía, Toledo María Angélica. "Politeía — La República de Platón como obra de la filosofía." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2010. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/108657.
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Harbsmeier, Martin Sander Verfasser], Norbert [Verfasser] [Blößner, Christoph [Gutachter] Helmig, and Wolfgang [Gutachter] Rösler. "Das Thema der Lebenswahl in Platons Politeia / Martin Sander Harbsmeier ; Gutachter: Norbert Blößner, Christoph Helmig, Wolfgang Rösler." Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät II, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1135242313/34.
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Harbsmeier, Martin [Verfasser], Norbert [Verfasser] Blößner, Christoph [Gutachter] Helmig, and Wolfgang [Gutachter] Rösler. "Das Thema der Lebenswahl in Platons Politeia / Martin Sander Harbsmeier ; Gutachter: Norbert Blößner, Christoph Helmig, Wolfgang Rösler." Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät II, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100249163.
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Heimann, Raul [Verfasser]. "Die Frage nach Gerechtigkeit. : Platons »Politeia I« und die Gerechtigkeitstheorien von Aristoteles, Hobbes und Nietzsche. / Raul Heimann." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2015. http://d-nb.info/123843357X/34.
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Rhim, Sung-Chul. "Die Struktur des idealen Staates in Platons Politeia die Grundgedanken des platonischen Idealstaates angesichts antiker und moderner Kritik." Würzburg Königshausen und Neumann, 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2683340&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Papathōmás, Grīgórios D. "Le patriarcat oecuménique de Constantinople (y compris la politeia monastique du Mont Athos) dans l'Europe unie : approche nomocanonique /." Katérini : Éd. Epektasis, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39206001r.
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Texte partiel de: Thèse--Faculté de droit Jean Monnet--Paris--Université Paris XI, 1994. Titre de soutenance : Le Patriarcat œcuménique de Constantinople, les Églises autocéphales orthodoxes de Chypre et de Grèce et la politeia monastique du Mont Athos dans l'Europe unie. Thèse--Faculté de droit canonique--Paris--Institut catholique, 1994.<br>Titre de collection translittéré du grec (polytonique) selon la norme ISO 843 (1997). Contient en annexe de nombreux documents officiels. Bibliogr. p. 629-663.
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Lima, João Silva. "Pólis e Politeía em Aristóteles = estudo sobre a ética da cidadania na Política." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280422.
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Previous issue date: 2010<br>Resumo: A pólis é uma comunidade política ordenada por uma politeía tendo em vista o bem viver para os seus politai. É na estreita relação entre pólis e politeía que se define a cidadania, enquanto direito de cidade e atividade própria do polítes. É a cidade (pólis), por meio dos seus cidadãos (politai), que escolhe a melhor constituição (politeía), e é esta, por sua vez, que estabelece todas as condições necessárias à felicidade (eudaimonía) da pólis e dos seus politai. Inserido na polis é que o homem pode cumprir sua função de vivente político, com a possibilidade de atingir uma vida melhor, que é viver bem. Com efeito, este fim (que é um bem) só pode ser alcançado por aqueles que adquirem o pleno direito de cidadão e, nesta condição, desenvolvem atividades (práticas ou teoréticas) conforme a excelência da virtude, tendo em vista o bem propriamente humano. A filosofia aristotélica se move no interior de uma hermenêutica do viver humano em comunidade, cuja expressão máxima culmina na experiência da cidadania. Não ser cidadão é, em última instância, ser um excluído da pólis, embora isto não signifique viver fora dela. Apenas a condição de cidadão possibilita ao homem exercer plenamente a força do lógos como vivente político numa comunidade de livres e iguais, comunidade política onde a vida humana atinge a plenitude de sua natureza. A pólis é a medida e o limite da humanidade do bem para o homem. Portanto, ao menos no plano da ação (vida política), que certamente difere da contemplação (vida teorética), a "cidadania" (ser cidadão) é a maior possibilidade de alcançar o "bem viver junto dos cidadãos", que finaliza eticamente toda a dimensão humana na pólis. É, portanto, na estreita correlação de pólis e politeía que reside o núcleo deste estudo sobre a ética da cidadania na Política de Aristóteles<br>Abstract: The pólis is a political community organized by a politeía, aiming at the well being of its politai. It is in the tight relation between pólis and politeía that citizenship is defined as the right to the city and activity proper to polítes. It is the city (pólis), through its citizens (politai) that chooses the best constitution, which, in turn, establishes all the necessary conditions to the happiness (eudaimonía) of the polis and its citizens (politai). Only within the polis can man accomplish his role of a political living being, having the possibility of achieving a better life, which is living well. As a matter of fact, that ultimate goal (which is itself an asset) can only be reached by those who acquire the full right to be a citizen, and in that condition develop (practical or theoretical) activities in accordance with virtue excellence, aiming at the specifically human good. Aristotelian philosophy moves inside a hermeneutics of the condition of human life in community, whose ultimate expression is the experience of citizenship. Not being a citizen is to be an individual, excluded from the polis, although that does not mean to live out of it. Only a citizen condition makes it possible for man to fully exert the logos strength as a political being in a community of free and equal individuals, political community in which human life reaches the plenitude of its nature. The pólis is the measure and the limit of the humanity of the good to man. Therefore, at least in the plan of action (political life), which certainly differs from the plan of contemplation (theoretical life), "citizenship" (being a citizen) is the greatest possibility of reaching the state of goodness of man living together, which ethically concludes the entire human dimension of the pólis. It is, therefore, in the tight correlation of pólis and politeía that resides the core of this study about the ethics of citizenship in Aristotle's Politics<br>Doutorado<br>Historia da Filosofia Antiga<br>Doutor em Filosofia
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Claudius, Martin. "Die Grundlagen der Erkenntnistheorie in Platons Politeia : ein Kommentar zu Platons Unterscheidung von Meinen und Wissen und zum Liniengleichnis /." Marburg/Lahn, 1997. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=008367262&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Schultz, Jana [Verfasser]. "Formung und Umwendung der Seele : Eine Rechtfertigung ambivalenter Darstellungen in der Literatur im Rahmen von Platons «Politeia» / Jana Schultz." Frankfurt a.M. : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1152293125/34.
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LODDO, RITA LAURA. "IL VOLTO DEMOCRATICO DI SOLONE? ANALISI DEL CORPUS DI LEGGI SOLONIANO." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6141.
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Oggetto della tesi è lo studio del “Solone democratico”, di cui si ricostruisce la genesi attraverso le testimonianze degli antichi e le riflessioni dei moderni. Per sottoporre a verifica l’affermazione aristotelica che riconduce a Solone l’origine della democrazia, sono state prese in considerazione primariamente quelle misure che riguardano la costituzione (Eliea, bulé dei Quattrocento, accesso alle cariche), al fine di comprendere se il giudizio degli antichi si basò su una valutazione condivisibile dell’azione del legislatore. Si sono ritenute ugualmente indicative, a questo scopo, alcune leggi ordinarie attribuite a Solone (legge sull’inattività, legislazione funeraria, leggi sulle donne, legislazione assistenziale): di queste leggi si è indagata l’origine soloniana e la compatibilità con il resto della legislazione dell’Ateniese a partire dalla valutazione del loro significato. La tesi è completata da tre appendici che sviluppano alcuni dei temi emersi nel corso dell’indagine e considerati meritevoli di approfondimento: si tratta della questione procedurale nella legge sull’inattività; della datazione e del commento di una legge funeraria concernente alcuni obblighi del demarco; della connessione fra Solone e l’Areopago.<br>The aim of this thesis is the study of the “democratic Solon”, whose genesis has been reconstructed through the ancients’ accounts and the works of modern scholars. To test the Aristotelian statement that traces the origin of democracy to Solon, we have primarily considered those measures that concern the constitution (Heliaia, boule of the Four Hundred, access to high offices), in order to understand if the ancients’ judgement was based on a shareable assessment of the legislator action. For that purpose some ordinary laws attributed to Solon - on idleness, on women, funerary and welfare laws - have been considered equally indicative. Of these laws it has been investigated the Solonian origin and compatibility with the rest of the Solonian legislation, starting from an assessment of their meaning. To complement the present thesis there are three appendixes which develop some of the themes that arose during the investigation and that have been considered worth to be deepened. It is the case of the procedural question regarding the law on idleness; the dating and comment of a funerary law concerning some duties of the demarch; of the connection between Solon and the Areopagos.
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ORANGES, ANNABELLA. "PER UNA STORIA DELL'EUTHYNA: L'EVOLUZIONE DELLA PROCEDURA DAL V SECOLO AD ARISTOTELE." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6258.
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Il presente lavoro di tesi verte sulla procedura di euthyna, rendiconto di fine mandato cui erano tenuti a sottoporsi tutti i magistrati e i cittadini ateniesi incaricati di svolgere ad hoc incarichi per la città. L’unica fonte che documenta questa procedura è l’Athenaion Politeia, il cui resoconto, valido per il IV secolo, pone alcuni problemi rispetto all’epoca precedente. Partendo dall’analisi sistematica delle testimonianze sulla storia dell’euthyna e sul suo impiego, lo studio affronta il tema del rendiconto rispetto agli snodi istituzionali della storia ateniese e raccoglie in un catalogo ragionato le testimonianze relative ai processi sorti dall’euthyna. Viene inoltre affrontato il tema del rapporto fra l’euthyna e le altre procedure previste dal diritto attico (graphai, dikai, eisangheliai), rispetto alle quali il rendiconto avrebbe svolto una funzione di procedura preliminare. La tesi è strutturata in due sezioni. Nella prima, viene tracciato il profilo storico della procedura di eÜquna dalle sue origini (probabilmente di epoca soloniana) fino alla riforma di Efialte e alla fine del V secolo. La seconda sezione è costituita dal catalogo dei casi di rendiconto, ove riceve dettagliata discussione ogni singola vicenda giudiziaria. Per agevolare la consultazione, i risultati sono raccolti in due tabelle riassuntive, che chiudono il lavoro.<br>This work focuses on euthyna, the accountability procedure to which all people who performed an official task for the community, both Athenian magistrates and citizens occasionally assigned to particular tasks, were required to undergo at the end of their office. The only source that illustrates this procedure is Athenaion Politeia, whose account arouses problems in comparison with the period preceding the fourth century. Starting from a systematic analysis of evidence, this thesis addresses the issue of euthyna history, following the turning points of Athenian institutional history and collecting the evidence of euthyna trials in a catalog raisonne. Moreover, this thesis deals with the issue of connections between euthyna and other procedures prescribed by Athenian law (graphai, dikai, eisangheliai), in respect of which euthyna seems to have played a preliminary function. The work is divided into two sections. The first part includes an historical profile of the euthyna procedure from its origins to the Ephialtes’ reform and the end of the fifth century. The second section consists of a detailed discussion of trials perì ton euthynón, collected in the catalog raisonne. To make the consultation facilitated, the results are collected in two tables, which close the work.
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Papathomas, Grigorios D. "Le patriarcat oecumenique de constantinople, les eglises autocephales orthodoxes de chypre et de grece, et la politeia monastique du mont athos dans l'europe unie." Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA111003.
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Les changements geo-politiques survenus lors de l unification europeenne de 1993 portent des consequences nomocanoniques deja visibles pour l eglise orthodoxe d europe, dont les caracteristiques peuvenet etre decelees a deux niveaux. D une part, l unification du territoire continental europeen impose de nouvelles conditions prealables pour l application du systeme de l autocephalie, qui ne peuvent etre identiques a celles qui ont domine durant la procedure de proclamation d une autocephalie ecclesiale tout au long du 19e et 20e siecle (abolition de l etat national et de l etatisme institutionnel). D autre part, il en resulte des changements geo-ecclesiastiques au niveau europeen tels que l application du systeme metropolitain, l harmonisation des differents statuts metropolitains existant dans l europe communautaire, le rattachement des "metropoles des nouveaux territoires" (grece du nord) au patriarcat oecumenique, le statut autocephale des eglises locales orthodoxes, ainsi que les normes constitutionnelles helleniques en matiere ecclesiastiques. Enfin, l apport communautaire et communionnel seculaire de l eglise orthodoxe demeure un element fondamental (cf. "hellenisme chretien") pour l edification europeenne "deja et pas encore". Les eglises locales orthodoxes concernees par le fait de l europe communautaire unies sont : le patriarcat oecumenique de constantinople - y compris la politeia monastique du mont athos (centre geo-monastique)-, l eglise autocephale de chypre et l eglise orthodoxe de grece<br>The geopolitical changes brought about by the creation of the european unification process in 1993 have nomocanonical consequences which are already visible for the orthodox church in europe, the characteristics of which can be detected at two different levels. On the one hand, the unification of the continental european territory dictates new prerequisites for the application of the system of autocephaly, which cannot be identical to those which were dominant during the process proclaiming an ecclesial autocephaly throughout the 19th and 20th centuries (abolition of the national state and institutional statism). On the other hand, there are consequences which concern geo-ecclesial changes at the european level such as : the application of the metropolitan system, the harmonisation of the different forms of metropolitan status existing in the european community, the re-attachment of the "metropolies of new territories" (northern greece) to the ecumenical patriarchate, the autocephalous status of orthodox local churches, as well as the hellenic constitutional norms in ecclesiastical matters. Finally, the secular community and communial contribution of the orthodox church remains a basic element ("christian hellenism") for the construction of europe "already and still not yet". The orthodox local churches concerned by the existence and formation of the european union are : the ecumenical patriarchate of constantinople
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Brinker, Wolfram. "Platons Ethik und Psychologie : philologische Untersuchungen über thymetisches Denken und Handeln in den platonischen Dialogen." Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] Lang, 2008. http://d-nb.info/989196879/04.
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Siviero, Fábio. "Sequenciamento e análise de um banco de cDNA de glândulas salivares de Rhynchosciara americana e caracterização do gene RaDup." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-28112008-091425/.
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Durante o desenvolvimento deste projeto adotou-se como estratégia o sequenciamento de ESTs, com a finalidade de encontrar mensagens relacionadas com desenvolvimento, metabolismo e principalmente amplificação/politenização em glândulas salivares de Rhynchosciara americana, um díptero (Sciarídeo) que apresenta cromossomos politênicos e amplificação gênica rigidamente regulada ao longo do desenvolvimento larval, tanto neste tecido quanto em outros. Um total de 8193 ESTs foi gerado, estas foram anotadas e categorizadas segundo os termos do Gene Ontology Consortium, proporcionando uma visão geral do status metabólico, como em um Northern eletrônico, de um ponto importante no desenvolvimento desta espécie, quando surgem amplificações gênicas específicas e a glândula salivar necessita secretar as proteínas do casulo. Outros frutos deste seqüenciamento foram a determinação de 91 polimorfismos e a criação de uma tabela de códon usage. Diversos ESTs foram identificados com potencial envolvimento com os endociclos observados neste tecido, destes, RaDup e RaMCM5 foram selecionados para estudo. Suas regiões genômicas foram isoladas e suas localizações cromossômicas foram identificadas, em relação a RaDup, toda a porção codificante de seu mensageiro e 12kb de DNA genômico contendo seu gene foram seqüenciados, revelando sua estrutura gênica. Anticorpos foram produzidos para detectar esta proteína, gerando evidências de sua participação tanto na replicação mitótica como nos endociclos presentes nas glândulas salivares. A localização cromossômica de RaDup é um dado muito interessante, pois pela primeira vez um pufe amplificado é relacionado com um gene regulatório.<br>In this work EST sequencing was used as strategy to find messages related to development, metabolism and polyteny/amplification in salivary glands of Rhynchosciara americana, a dipteran (Sciaridae) that shows in this tissue giant polytene chromosomes and gene amplification tightly regulated throughout development of the larvae. A total of 8193 EST sequences were generated, annotated and categorized using Gene Ontology Consortium terms, providing a general view of the metabolic status, like an electronic Northern, of an important point in development of the larvae, that shows where specific genes are amplified and the salivary gland needs to secrete the proteins to form the cocoon. Other data include determination of 91 SNPs and a statistic of codon usage. Several ESTs were identified with potential connection to endocicles, from these RaDup and RaMCM5 were selected for further studies. Both chromosomal loci were identified and genomic regions isolated, for RaDup the coding region of its mRNA and 12kb of genomic region were completely sequenced, revealing its gene structure, and antibodies were raised against this protein, making evident data about its involvement in replication in mitotic cells and in endocicles in salivary glands. About the chromosomal locus of RaDup, it becomes very interesting, because for the first time one amplified puff can be related to a regulatory gene.
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Cavalli, Edoardo. ""Salpati dall’Ortigia titanide” : L’espansionismo etolico di III sec. a.C. : Mito politico e leggenda poetica al servizio del koinon." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040033/document.
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L’étude du corpus épigraphique étolien et l’analyse des fragments du poète hellénistique Nicandre permettent de définir l’importance du mythe pour l’Étolie hellénistique: moyens privilégié pour relancer / créer des liens politiques ainsi que passepartout idéologique pour retravailler l’image publique de la Fédération comme rempart de la civilisation grecque contre la barbarie. En guise d’introduction, la première partie de la thèse retrace les fondements politico-diplomatiques de l’expansion étolienne au IIIe siècle av. J.-C. (extension de la politeia fédéral, adhésion à les dynamiques de la soi-disant kinship diplomacy ou diplomatie de la parenté) et enquête sur les liens (politiques économiques militaires cultuels) du koinon avec Attale I, sous le signe de Delphes ainsi que de la victoire sur le Celtes. La deuxième partie identifie à les épopoioi itinérants le moyen intellectuel de la création / diffusion d'un modèle positif de l'ethnos, en particulier dans les fragmentaires Aitolika nicandréens, où l’Étolie colonise l'ensemble du monde connu en vertu de sa descente titanide: l’autel de Zeus à Pergame affiche les reliques d’un thème titanide (premièrement) exploité par les Étoliens et véhiculée par les épéa de Nicandre<br>The study of the Aetolian epigraphical corpus and the analysis of the fragments by Hellenistic poet Nicander allow to define the importance of myth for Hellenistic Aetolia: privileged means to revive/create political ties as well as ideological passepartout to rework the Federations’s public image as rampart of Greek civilization against barbarism. By way of introduction, the first part of the thesis traces the political-diplomatic foundations of 3rd-century BCE Aetolian expansion (extension of federal politeia, adherence to the dynamics of so called kinship diplomacy) and investigates the ties (political economic military cultic) the koinon had with Attalus I, keywords «Delphi» and «victory over the Celts». The second part identifies in the performances of travelling epopoioi the intellectual means of creation/dissemination of a positive model of the ethnos, particularly in the fragmentary Nicandrean Aitolika, where Aetolia colonizes the known world by virtue of her Titanic descent: Zeus’ Altar in Pergamum displays the relics of a Titanic theme (first) exploited by the Aetolians and conveyed by Nicander’s epea
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Vanin, Marcos Atilio Vaczi. "Corinto e Siracusa: organização do espaço e emergência da pólis no mundo grego." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/71/71131/tde-05042018-093730/.
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Dentro do campo da Arqueologia Social a questão do surgimento das primeiras comunidades políticas é um tema central de inquérito. Consagradamente, as ciências sociais assumem que as bases últimas destes processos formativos são, em alguma medida, irresgatáveis, empregando construções ideais e teóricas na formulação, construção de explanações sociológicas e culturais para este fenômeno. Tais explanações muitas vezes tem dificuldades em identificar realidades materiais nas fases ideais que correspondam as fases presumidas em suas formulações metodológicas de mudança social, materialidades estas que são o foco central da disciplina arqueológica. Nosso trabalho se propõe a tentar um estudo crítico de dois contextos materiais fundamentalmente ligados à formação das comunidades políticas no espaço do Mediterrâneo grego, aqueles das póleis de Corinto e Siracusa durante a transição inicial do Período Arcaico. Manteremos como hipótese de trabalho que estas cidades são neste recorte cronológico momentos chave e situações diagnóstico dos processos de formação da Pólis e das fundações da experiência política, procurando ligações entre a interpretação de estruturas construídas e as soluções explanativas propostas pela teoria arqueológica e social, abordando o tema dos surgimento da comunidade política, da cidade e do estado como realidades interligadas.<br>Within the field of Social Archaeology, the matter of the emergence of the first political communities is a central theme of inquiry. Regarding this problem the Social Sciences have well estabilished that, at in least in some regard, the fundamental bases of such formative processes are fundamentally irretrievable, opting instead to formulate ideal and theoretical constructions as basis on to formulate sociological and cultural explanations for those phenomena. Such explanations often find difficulties in corresponding direct material realities to such theoretically based ideal phases of social change, indeed even while such material realities are the centerpiece of the Archaeological Discipline. Our present work proposes to attempt a critical study of two such material contexts fundamentaly connected to the development of the polítical communities in the Mediterranean Greek area, those of the Poleis of Corinth and Syracuse during the beginnings of the Archaic Period. We mantain as research hypothesis that such contexts are, in this chronology, key moments and syntomatic examples of the formative processes of the Polis and the beginnings of the Political Community, searching for connections between the interpretation of constructed structures and spaces and the explanative solutions proposed by Archaeological and Social Theory, engaging the theme of the formations of the Political Community, the City and the State as interlinked realities.
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Nogaroto, Marli. "Estudo clínico e genético em portadoras de tecido mamário supranumerário." Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 1998. http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/113.
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Previous issue date: 1998-10-27<br>The supernumerary breast tissue (SBT) can be characterised as polythelia or polymastia. Such abnormalities are relatively common in the general population and have caused much interest due to a possible association with alterations in the genitourinary and cardiovascular systems.
In this study 53 women all carriers of SBT, were investigated. The group were studied in relation to the type, number, locality and familial inheritance. For the investigation of the associated anomalies, all of the patients were submitted to complimentary examinations, in particular, electrocardiogram (ECG), and pelvic and urinary tract ultrasound (US). For the purpose of comparing the results of the complementary examinations, a control group of 53 women without SBT, who had been submitted to ECG and US for different complaints, was included in the study.
In the 53 patients, 74 SBT(s) were found. Polythelia was the most common type (60.38%) as opposed to polymastia (32.07%) and the presence of a combination of both in the same patient (7.55%).
One type of SBT was by far the most frequently found (71.70%). In relation to the side, SBT was localised on the right in most of the cases, but its frequency was not statistically different to those localised on the left side. In the majority of patients (94.59%) SBT was located along the milk line. As far as the atypical site, two presented SBT in the scapular region, one in the dorsal region and the other on the thigh. These results are compatible with the others previously published in the literature.
In 41.51% of the cases studied a family history was observed, the greatest frequency that had been related before was 11.64%. Such a difference is statistically significant. Therefore the number of family cases described must have been underestimated due to the difficulty in identifying SBT because it is easily hidden by clothes and because it is confused with other alterations, among which nevus, scars and neurofibroma.
The inheritance is consistent for SBT and recognised as autosomal dominant with variable expressivity. In the studied sample, however, dominant inheritance linked to the X gene and an incomplete penetrance can not be discarded. Therefore, it can be suggested that the genetic etiology of SBT involves different mutations with different patterns of inheritance.
The symptoms in relation to SBT, referred by the patients, were compatible with those previously published and included pain, increase in size and lacteal secretion.
The frequency of the observed alterations in the ECG of the group of patients with SBT and of the control group did not show a statistical difference. However, the data of US showed a significant difference between the two groups (patients with SBT 32.08% and the control group 16.98%).
However, according to what has already been proposed by a series of authors in the SBT presence the physician must be attentive to the occurrence of nephrourinary defects, mainly to diagnose or prevent complications which may include malignant neoplasies.<br>O tecido mamário supranumerário (TMS) pode ser caracterizado como politelia ou polimastia. Tais anomalias são relativamente freqüentes na população em geral e têm despertado muito interesse devido a uma possível associação com alterações dos sistemas genitourinário e cardiovascular.
No presente trabalho foram investigadas 53 mulheres portadoras de TMS. O mesmo foi estudado quanto ao tipo, número, localização e recorrência familial. Para a investigação de anomalias associadas, todas as pacientes foram submetidas a exames complementares, especialmente, eletrocardiograma (ECG) e ultra-sonografia (US) pélvica e de vias urinárias. Para comparação entre os resultados obtidos nos exames complementares foi estudado um grupo controle, composto por 53 mulheres sem TMS, que fizeram ECG e US por queixas diversas.
Nas 53 pacientes, foram encontrados 74 TMS (s). A politelia foi o tipo mais freqüente (60,38%) seguida da polimastia (32,07%) e da presença concomitante de ambas na mesma paciente (7,55%).
O TMS único foi muito mais freqüente (71,70%). Quanto à lateralidade, o TMS estava localizado à direita na maioria dos casos, mas sua freqüência não diferiu estatisticamente da do lado esquerdo. Na maioria das pacientes (94,59%) o TMS estava localizado ao longo das linhas do leite. Quanto às localizações atípicas (5,41%), duas apresentaram TMS na região escapular, uma na região dorsal e a outra na coxa. Tais dados foram compatíveis com os previamente descritos na literatura.
Foi observada recorrência familial em 41,51% dos casos estudados e a maior freqüência já relatada foi 11,64%. Tal diferença foi estatisticamente significativa. Portanto, o número de casos familiais descritos deve estar subestimado em decorrência da dificuldade de identificação do TMS, do fato de ser facilmente encoberto pelas roupas e de ser confundido com outras alterações, entre as quais nevos, cicatrizes e neurofibromas.
O padrão de herança para o TMS é reconhecido como autossômico dominante, com expressividade variável. Na amostra estudada, contudo, não pode ser descartada a herança dominante ligada ao X e a penetrância incompleta. Portanto, pode ser sugerido que a etiologia genética do TMS envolva diferentes mutações com diferentes padrões de herança.
Os sintomas relativos ao TMS, referidos pelas pacientes, foram compatíveis com os previamente descritos e incluíram dor, aumento e secreção láctea.
As freqüências de alterações observadas no ECG do grupo de pacientes com TMS e do grupo controle não diferiram estatisticamente. Contudo, os dados do US mostraram uma diferença significativa entre a freqüência de alterações nefrourinárias do grupo com TMS (32,08%) e do grupo controle (16,98%), porém tais alterações são de pequena importância, não sendo detectadas malformações como as relatadas em vários trabalhos.
Portanto, de acordo com o que já foi proposto por uma série de autores, na presença de TMS, o médico deve estar atento para a ocorrência de anomalias nefrourinárias, fazer um exame clínico cuidadoso, colher a história familial detalhada e acompanhar aqueles com anomalias associadas, principalmente para diagnosticar ou prevenir complicações, inclusive neoplasias.
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Avgousti, Andreas. "Politeiai and Reputation in Plato's Thought." Thesis, 2015. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8KP817S.
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Despite the fact that reputation is a feature of Plato’s work and context, scholars have scarcely addressed the place of reputation in Plato’s thought. Herein I ask: ‘what is reputation (doxa) for Plato?’ and provide an answer by turning to the political orders (politeiai) described in the Republic, Laws, and Menexenus.
In Chapter 1 I demonstrate the horizontal relationships of mutual dependence between rulers and ruled in the politeia of the Republic. It is in the epistemic configuration of the ruled where the economy of reputation is sourced and distributed. I argue that, first, the text explicitly engages with and seeks to correct the common opinions about justice and its relationship to political power and, second, that the philosopher must care about how philosophy appears to the city at large. I end with a consideration of how the Republic attempts to rehabilitate the reputation of philosophy. The images of the cave, the ship, and the bride show how and why philosophy’s bad reputation is contingent rather than necessary.
In Chapter 2 I establish the role of reputation in the circumstances described and enacted in the founding of Magnesia, the politeia of the Laws. Through its exhortation to the incoming Dorian colonists to pursue a reputation for virtue, the law code exercises normative force over the disposition of human nature to excessive self-love and also transforms the colonists into Magnesian citizens. The legislator, voiced by the Athenian Stranger who is the principal interlocutor in the dialogue, urges each individual to appear as they are, and reinvents the undesirable features of Dorian constitutions. If this politeia is to come about, its founder and interlocutor in the dialogue, Cleinias the Cnossian, must become a Magnesian; the Athenian must succeed in exhorting the ambivalent Cleinias to seek a good reputation among the future Magnesians.
In Chapter 3 I turn to how Magnesia is maintained. This politeia suffers from, and has to cope with, the pathologies of agonism. It does so via the operation of the social mechanisms of praise and blame that the law code sets forth and the citizens act out. The institutional practices such as the daily athletic contests encourage Magnesians to become similar in judgment and, therefore, to correctly distribute political honors and offices. I go on to argue that the city’s foreign policy aims at peace and at deterring aggressors. Such a policy is conducive to a more stable interpolis environment, which, in turn, maintains Magnesia.
In Chapter 4 I argue that the vision of the politeia found in the Menexenus is best understood as an intergenerational multitude. Reputation is key to reconstituting order in these intergenerational relationships. In a dialogue that contains a funeral oration written by Aspasia and delivered by Socrates to the young Menexenus, reputation is a defining characteristic of the politeia with the multitude being the source of reputational judgments. Reputation also operates remedially at a critical juncture in the life of the city. I show the explanatory power of these claims by considering Aspasia’s role in the dialogue. I propose the Socrates-Aspasia fusion, a device that is symbolic of the correct understanding of what constitutes a good reputation in a politeia: men and women, citizens and non-citizens, locals and foreigners. As a device, the fusion functions to block a reputation from accruing to the orator. This brings into focus the dialogue’s explicit argumentative target: the Athenian orator-general Pericles.
According to Plato, reputation is a permanent source of instability for politeiai; yet, not only can this disruption be mitigated, but reputation also acts as a boon to political affairs. Reputation is a liminal space between the subjective and objective and as such is under the sway of the multitude. Therefore, reputation is both an explanatory and political concept. With an eye to future research, I conclude with a critical discussion of the findings of the dissertation.
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Lim, Sungwhan [Verfasser]. "Platons Idee des Guten in der "Politeia" / vorgelegt von Sungwhan Lim." 2005. http://d-nb.info/975599755/34.
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Kim, Su-Yeong [Verfasser]. "Das Glück der Gerechten : eine Interpretation der platonischen Politeia / von Su-Yeong Kim." 2007. http://d-nb.info/98345566X/34.
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Grigoriatis, George Panteleimon Mourtos, and 李亮. "The Just POLITEIA in Plato’s Thought:The Philosopher King as a Guide Towards Freedom and Truth." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9ayysr.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>國家發展研究所<br>104<br>Plato’s Republic has been acknowledged as the best philosophical work of all times, and over the centuries, philosophers, politicians, and scholars have been inspired by this text. However many questions and criticisms have arisen, such as: Is the state that Plato presents realistic? Is the philosopher king a dictator? Was there ever a real philosopher king? Did Plato later give up this theory about the philosopher king? This thesis considers some of those problems, tracing the concept of the philosopher king through all of Plato’s works.
The way that Plato articulates the polis may be different from previous conceptions seems, that Plato sees the polis and every citizen as being interconnected. The polis influences the citizen, and vice-versa. The citizen is not an individual as we consider it nowadays, but is the product of the existence of the polis. Plato articulates a city that would be run by a philosopher aristocrats, guardians and producers, all of whom would know their place. Similarly the soul of the individual consists of three parts: logical (which must control the other two parts), spirited, and appetitive. Plato says that if every part truly fulfills its characteristics, harmony is established, in the polis and each individual soul.
The state of harmony of both the tripartite polis and the tripartite soul of every citizen is called justice (dikaiosyne). So justice (dikaiosyne) is not only a legalistic term, but mainly an existential condition; it is the way that every citizen and polis should exist in harmony and fullness. Justice (dikaiosyne) includes all the other virtues as well. The philosopher king goes hand by hand with the law. He is interpreting the law, applying the law and never breaking the law, because if he does so, his human existence would be in question. The philosopher king is the reason for the ultimate harmony in the polis and the soul. Here, an individual escapes from the present world of ignorance; he encounters the world of Ideas and full of their light, returns to this world, to guide the polis and the citizens to freedom from the bonds of the necessity of the nature, towards the fullness of life and love. The philosopher king is a necessary condition of Platonic philosophy. He tries to train people in order to become philosopher kings. Although he may fail, he never gives up. But until a philosopher king appears, the Law must rule as a second best choice.
However, the platonic eros (love) is the driving force behind everything. The citizens are in love (platonic) with the polis and with each other. This means that the philosopher king is not a dictator but a real ruler of a loving community. To exercise power is a way to love. It is this critical aspect of the polis that Plato’s accusers have overlooked. Plato developed an amazing synthesis of the politics, sociology and psychology. His theory that the human being exists because of the polis could be the basis of every type of humanism and modern political theory. It is his radical idea that love (eros) should be the driving force in both the political and individual aspects of life, that we should all be seeking, and few of us will ever find..
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Vyhnálková, Anna. "Projekt Politeia jako východisko pro naplnění průřezového tématu výchova demokratického občana na primárním stupni základní školy." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-297063.
Full textAbstract:
I'm focused on the education of democratic citizen in the base level of Primary School in my diploma work "The project of Politeia as a base for impletion cross theme on education of a democracy citizen at the base level of primary school". I'm giving an information connected with education of citizen culture with general educational programme at primary schools and finally with the project Politeia which was the fundamental idea and impulse for this work. One part of this work is the analysis of the reform in the sphere of citizen culture education, aims and methods. The empirical part in focused on a creation of materials to be used for the realisation of the Cross Theme Education of a Democratic Citizen that gives full use at the base level of a primary school. The mentioned project brings working sheets above all that are accompanied by additional possible activities - for example malingering game. The empirical part was verified in practice at the second and third stage of the Primary School in Prague and it was appraised by teachers with different duration of their teaching career.
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Chun-TingLiu and 劉俊廷. "From the perspective of Francois Jullien's 'Interval' preliminary concept: The ideal world on 'Zhaung-Zi' and 'Politeia'." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/aqvbhv.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>中國文學系<br>104<br>Thesis Title ：
From the perspective of Francois Jullien's 'Interval' preliminary concept:
The ideal world on 'Zhaung-Zi' and 'Politeia'
Author’s Name：
Chun-Ting Liu
Advisor’s Name ：
Hai-Yen Yeh
Department ＆ College ：
Department of Chinese Literature Master of modern Chinese literature ,College of Liberal
SUMMARY
By comparing different culture and time, this thesis purported a common sense of“ The ideal world ”which basics on Zhaung-Zi and Plato’s view.
First of all, to approach the main purpose, this thesis stands on the concept of “Interval”, tried to discover the space between “Zhaung-Zi” and “Politeia” separately. Second, through knowing the ideas of “Zhaunh-Zi” and then “Politeia”, the meaning of “wu-he-you-zhi-xiang(無何有之鄉)”will demonstrate the meaning of“Utopia”mutually.
Finally, build on the theme of “Creation”, this thesis described a ideal personality to complete the construction of “The Ideal World” between two philosophers.
Key words: Zhaunh-Zi , Plato , François Jullien , Politeia , Interval
INTRODUCTION
The following are providing sufficient background information to allow readers to understand and evaluate the paper’s results.
(1) The nature and scope of the problem is what this thesis purported a common sense of“ The ideal world ”which basics on Zhaung-Zi and Plato’s view.
(2) Review related literature, is 'Zhaung-Zi' and 'Politeia'.
(3) The used materials and methods of the study is basic on François Jullien’ concept.
(4) The main results of the study is build on the theme of “Creation”, this thesis described a ideal personality to complete the construction of “The Ideal World” between two philosophers.
EACH CHAPTER SUMMARY
Chapter1:
Introduction discovered the problem awareness from the “Utopia” which be mentioned in 'Zhaung-Zi' and 'Politeia', stand on François Jullien’ s “Interval” and tend to explore a new vision between the two texts.
Chapter2:
Deal with the theme of “Creation”, concluded and compared the relating sources in 'Zhaung-Zi' and 'Politeia', dug this issue deeper and expanded it wider , drew a conclusion to make a discovery.
Chapter3:
Sum up the definition of “Perfect Personality” from 'Zhaung-Zi' and 'Politeia', constructed the moralities of 'Zhaung-Zi' and 'Politeia'.
Chapter4:
Basic on the vision of “Creation” and the definition of the moralities of 'Zhaung-Zi' and 'Politeia', the construction of “Ideal world” would be built clearly. Comparing these discussions through the “Interval”, the effects are much clear.
Chapter5:
Conclusion makes a systematic analysis of the definitions of “Ideal world” in 'Zhaung-Zi' and 'Politeia'. Through comparing these concepts, discovering the differences and make a self-examination of the way they knowing the “Ideal world”. Finally, clarify the outline of the “Ideal world” but also rise the universal of the morality.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
'Zhaung-Zi' and 'Politeia' are the main texts. Focus on the concepts which relating to the “Utopia”, stand on François Jullien’s “Interval” to compare these two ideas, outline the differences, also develop the new vision that beyond the traditional researching.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This thesis stands on the concept of “Interval”, tried to discover the space between “Zhaung-Zi” and “Politeia” separately. Second, through knowing the ideas of “Zhaunh-Zi” and then “Politeia”, the meaning of “wu-he-you-zhi-xiang(無何有之鄉)”will demonstrate the meaning of“Utopia”mutually.
CONCLUSION
(1) The main points of this thesis is stands on the concept of “Interval”, tried to discover the space between “Zhaung-Zi” and “Politeia” separately.
They are significant, this thesis purported a common sense of“ The ideal world ”which basics on Zhaung-Zi and Plato’s view.
(2) conclusions drawn is build on the theme of “Creation”, this thesis described a ideal personality to complete the construction of “The Ideal World” between two philosophers.