To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Policy performance in developing countries.
Journal articles on the topic 'Policy performance in developing countries'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Policy performance in developing countries.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Agoba, Abel Mawuko, Joshua Yindenaba Abor, Kofi Osei, Jarjisu Sa-Aadu, Benjamin Amoah, and Gloria Clarissa Odortor Dzeha. "Central bank independence, elections and fiscal policy in Africa." International Journal of Emerging Markets 14, no. 5 (December 2, 2019): 809–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-08-2018-0423.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to primarily investigate the ability of independent central banks (central bank independence (CBI)) to improve fiscal performances in Africa, accounting for election years, and also to examine whether the effectiveness of CBI in improving fiscal performance is enhanced by higher political institutional quality. Design/methodology/approach Using recent CBI data from Garriga (2016) on 48 African countries, 90 other developing countries and 40 developed countries over the period 1970–2012, the authors apply a two stage system GMM with Windmeijer (2005) small sample robust correction estimator to examine the impact of CBI and elections on fiscal policy in Africa, other developing countries and developed countries. Findings The authors provide evidence that unlike in other developing countries and developed countries, CBI does not significantly improve fiscal performance in Africa. However, the effectiveness of CBI in improving fiscal performance in Africa is enhanced by higher levels of institutional quality. Although elections directly worsen fiscal performance in Africa, institutional quality enhances CBI’s effect on improving fiscal performance in election years across Africa, other developing countries and developed countries. Practical implications The findings of the study are significant as they provide insight into the benefits of having strong institutions to complement independent central banks in order to control fiscal indiscipline in election years. Originality/value The study is the first among the studies of CBI-fiscal policy nexus, to measure fiscal policy using net central bank claims on government as a percentage of GDP. In addition to the use of fiscal balance, this study also uses cyclically adjusted fiscal balance as a measure of fiscal policy. This is a critical channel through which independent central banks can constrain government spending. It also compares findings in Africa to other developing countries, noting some differences.
2
Gamso, Jonas. "Trade Partnerships and Environmental Performance in Developing Countries." Journal of Environment & Development 26, no. 4 (September 15, 2017): 375–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496517729727.
Full textAbstract:
A large scholarship surrounds the relationship between trade and the environment, with much of it centering on whether trade produces a race to the bottom or a race to the top in the environments of developing countries. While the effects of trade on key pollutants and on specific environmental policies have been widely attended to, scholars have not yet considered if and how trade impacts developing nations’ environmental performance, broadly speaking. This is a critical matter, as the effects of trade on the environment can only be appreciated fully through holistic assessment of the environment and environmental protection. The study that follows helps to fill this void through analysis of an all-inclusive measure of environmental performance that encompasses indicators of policy and practice. Findings demonstrate that exporting to the United States and the European Union improves environmental performance in developing countries; however, no such effect accompanies trade with other countries.
3
Cook, Paul. "Privatization and Public Enterprise Performance in Developing Countries." Development Policy Review 10, no. 4 (December 1992): 403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7679.1992.tb00022.x.
Full text
4
GHOSH, ARUNABHA. "Developing countries in the WTO Trade Policy Review Mechanism." World Trade Review 9, no. 3 (June 25, 2010): 419–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745610000261.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) has been an integral part of the GATT/WTO since 1989 and shoulders a fundamental responsibility in making the regime more transparent. This paper asks: how has the TPRM responded to demands from developing countries for information and transparency? The paper uses a typology of information systems to explain the evolution of surveillance in the trade regime and asks whether the TPRM was assigned the functions of an ideal-type information system. The paper, then, evaluates the performance of the TPRM against its given mandate of increasing transparency to promote improved adherence with trade rules. It presents, for the first time, empirical evidence on the content of reports and the participation of countries, to highlight persisting content- and participation-related challenges. It discusses the capacity challenges within the WTO Secretariat and briefly outlines efforts made by developing countries to boost surveillance capacity at home. The paper ends by outlining priorities for monitoring in the trade regime: generating specific information that developing countries need, supporting domestic capacity for surveillance (including from non-official sources), and concentrating on improved peer review and follow-up procedures.Monitoring and surveillance is the rising agenda of the WTO.Pascal Lamy1
5
LO, CHU-PING. "WAGE INEQUALITY, UNEMPLOYMENT, AND EXPORT-ORIENTED POLICY." Singapore Economic Review 65, no. 06 (July 16, 2020): 1753–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590820500022.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a simple model to address why openness to trade increases the dispersion in wages, unemployment, and capital intensity. However, the dispersion is stronger for developing countries. We argue that the export-oriented policy that most developing countries have widely adopted in recent decades, amplifies the dispersion in these countries. This paper also helps explain the conflicting evidence between two groups of developing countries: East Asian and Latin American. In comparison to the latter, the former has a track record since the 1960s of a miraculous performance in narrowing wage inequality and unemployment by practicing export-oriented policies.
6
Berg, Sanford V. "Performance Assessment Using Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for Water Utilities: A Primer." Water Economics and Policy 06, no. 02 (April 2020): 2050001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2382624x20500010.
Full textAbstract:
Key performance indicators (KPIs) are widely recognized as a basis for evaluating water utility operations in developing countries and for designing both regulatory and managerial incentives that improve performance. A number of methodolgies can be used for assessing performance, with KPIs and overall performance indicators serving as more comprehensible and potentially more comprehensive than more technical empirical benchmarking studies. Data initiatives in low and middle income countries require resources that could be used for other activities with more immediate payoffs. However, regulatory oversight requires data analysis of trends, current performance, and realistic targets. Quantitative studies can provide clues regarding the extent of economies of scale, scope, and density, but policy-makers need much more detail and specificity than most scholars provide. Here, the focus is on information systems that provide accurate, reliable, and relevant data. KPIs represent the foundation for those developing, implementing, and responding to public policy — incentivizing water utilities in developing (and developed) countries to contain costs, improve service quality, and expand water access over the long run.
7
Barnett, Andrew. "Aid donor policies and power sector performance in developing countries." Energy Policy 21, no. 2 (February 1993): 100–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4215(93)90132-y.
Full text
8
Eddy-Spicer, David, Melanie Ehren, and Mukdarut Bangpan. "Monitoring and data use in developing countries." Journal of Professional Capital and Community 4, no. 3 (July 8, 2019): 172–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpcc-11-2018-0028.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The collection and dissemination of standardized performance information about students, teachers, schools and school systems offer potentially important tools for school accountability and resource allocation as well as school improvement in developing countries. However, performance monitoring systems in developing countries are in many cases copied from those in high-income countries without a clear understanding of their functioning in contexts of limited resources and capacity for change. The purpose of this paper is to examine the conditions under which and the mechanisms through which system-wide performance monitoring affects school-level organization and processes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Design/methodology/approach The review employs realist synthesis because of the complexity and dynamism of conditions in LMICs, the wide variability in available literature and the aim of explaining how particular organizational outcomes arise, given particular conditions. The authors draw on findings from a systematic review of 22 studies and reports, published since 2001, related to the implementation of performance monitoring. Findings The findings highlight key barriers to the use of data to inform school accountability and improvement. Capacity to collect, interpret and use data is an important condition to both effective external accountability as well as improvement of schools. Originality/value The review uses realist approaches to building middle-level theories to help scholars, educational advisers, policy makers and educational leaders understand the causal processes that result in certain outcomes from monitoring activities and to identify the conditions that are necessary for those processes to have the desired outcomes.
9
Sraha, Gloria. "Public policy makers." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 6, no. 1 (March 9, 2015): 55–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-07-2013-0060.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – Although there is great deal of research on export assistance programmes in developed countries, studies on developing countries in Africa has received scant attention in the literature. Lack of detailed information in many developing African countries makes it difficult to assess the effect of export promotion programmes (EPPs) on the firm’s export performance in foreign markets. The purpose of this paper is to explore entrepreneurial development in the value-added export sector of Ghana and screen EPPs provided by public policy makers to examine the impact of these programmes on export performance of Ghanaian firms in foreign markets. Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual/exploratory paper is developed with discussion. Findings – The paper suggests that the ability of exporters to enhance their performance is driven by the usage of outside market access, export development/training and information related export assistance programmes offered by public policy makers. Utilisation of EPPs builds experiential knowledge which serves as a source of competitive advantage for exporters to implement effective marketing mix strategies to enhance performance. Practical implications – The study underscores the specific EPPs export managers can utilise to enhance performance and improve their international marketing strategy in foreign markets. Public policy makers need to work together with exporters to incorporate and develop programmes to suit the idiosyncrasies of foreign markets and boost the growth of value-added exports. Originality/value – The study explores past literature to screen and evaluate the effect of EPPs and entrepreneurial development to boost export growth in Ghana – Sub-Sahara Africa.
10
Parvez Ahmed, Samiul, Sarwar Uddin Ahmed, Mohammad Fahad Noor, Zaima Ahmed, and Uttam Karmaker. "The policy-led sustainability and financial performance linkage in the banking sector: case of Bangladesh." Banks and Bank Systems 14, no. 4 (December 10, 2019): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.14(4).2019.09.
Full textAbstract:
Researchers in developed countries argue that banks should be free to decide about their sustainability initiatives without the interference from regulators. However, researchers in developing countries tend to think differently. This study aimed to focus on this argument by examining the linkage between sustainability and financial performance (SFP) aided through regulatory policy guidelines. In doing so, a comparative study was conducted between 2012 and 2018 to compare the pre- and post-status of SFP due to implementation of policy measures. Environmental, social and governance (ESG) scores were calculated and related with financial performance (return on assets) through regression analysis. The sample data includes 30 private commercial banks (PCBs) in Bangladesh. The analysis of the data shows that during these years, the overall sustainability performance, i.e., environmental, social and governance scores of the banks increased by 33 percent. However, the transformation of this performance into better financial performance could not been established even when age and size were taken into account. The current turbulent state of the banking sector due to growing non-performing loan has been identified as the single most influential factor for this neutral result. Research findings suggest that policy guideline initiatives do have a positive impact on bank sustainability. However, exogenous factors, such as political interference, may appease, deviate and prolong its impact on financial performance. This work will enhance the understanding of academics and policy-makers about the feasibility and impact of the policy-led sustainability model in the banking sector, particularly in developing countries.
11
MILLER FRANCO, L. "Methods for assessing quality of provider performance in developing countries." International Journal for Quality in Health Care 14, no. 90001 (December 1, 2002): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/14.suppl_1.17.
Full text
12
Kubatko, Oleksandra, Oleksandr Derykolenko, Oleksandr Kubatko, and Lina Sineviciene. "The impact of economic performance on environmental quality in developing countries." International Journal of Environmental Technology and Management 21, no. 5/6 (2018): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijetm.2018.10022295.
Full text
13
Sineviciene, Lina, Oleksandr Kubatko, Oleksandr Derykolenko, and Oleksandra Kubatko. "The impact of economic performance on environmental quality in developing countries." International Journal of Environmental Technology and Management 21, no. 5/6 (2018): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijetm.2018.100581.
Full text
14
Leonard, R. Keith, and Scott Bayley. "Improving Project, Program and Policy Performance in Developing Countries through Managing for Development Results." Evaluation Journal of Australasia 8, no. 2 (September 2008): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035719x0800800203.
Full text
15
Patil, Kapil. "Public procurement policy for small and medium enterprises in developing countries." International Journal of Public Sector Management 30, no. 4 (May 8, 2017): 391–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-10-2016-0160.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Increasing the share of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in public procurement through targeted support policies is often fraught with organisational and institutional challenges as can be seen from the experiences of many developed countries. This has profound implications for emulating such policies in developing countries where administrative capacities may be low for efficient policy management. The purpose of this paper is to widen the canvass of SME procurement policy discourse by exploring a developing country context. Design/methodology/approach The study provides qualitative assessment using insights from policy implementation-related theories. Due to limited reporting of target data on SME participation in India, the study conducts analysis based on key informant interviews with 20 public sector enterprises. Findings The evidence drawn from India mainly shows uneven performance among the procurers in achieving the SME procurement targets, and reveals serious policy implementation shortcomings. These findings correspond and complement the earlier studies on SME procurement in the developed world. The Indian case additionally reveals barriers which may be common to other developing countries such as the lack of policy-administrative capacity compounded by the prevalence of “efficiency syndrome” on the part of procurers. Originality/value By providing an in-depth developing country-specific assessment, the study helps informing assumptions underpinning SME-oriented procurement policies. The study, therefore, fills a gap in the literature on SME-oriented public procurement policy-making and its execution.
16
YUXIANG, KARL, and ZHONGCHANG CHEN. "Financial development and environmental performance: evidence from China." Environment and Development Economics 16, no. 1 (November 2, 2010): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x10000422.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTThis paper extends the debate on the environmental performance of developing countries by focusing on a new factor. Theoretically, financial development has capitalization, technology, income, and regulation effects on the environment. Using the provincial panel data of China, the econometric analysis provides some evidence of a linkage between financial development and industrial pollution discharges. In recent years, the environmental performance of China has been significantly improved by financial development and some environmental protection schemes. This relationship offers new implications for policy makers in developing countries.
17
Chowdhury, Tonmoy, and Sadia Islam. "Environmental Performance Index and GDP growth rate: evidence from BRICS countries." Environmental Economics 8, no. 4 (December 5, 2017): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.08(4).2017.04.
Full textAbstract:
BRICS countries have experienced rapid economic growth and played a vital role in the world economy because of their capacity to produce large number of manufacturing products, supplies of raw materials, natural resources and the advantage of geographical locations and demographic attributes. Extremely speedy process of industrialization process has been acting as one of the key driving forces for rapid economic growth. According to the IAEA, coal use in India and China will more than double by 2050. To achieve high economic growth, these countries are facing severe environmental problem. India and China were the top two nations with largest total ecological footprints in 2003. Research question of the study is whether relationship between Environmental Performance Index and GDP growth rate in BRICS countries prevails? The study used secondary sources. The study used a sample of five emerging developing countries (BRICS) namely Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. This study examined Environmental Performance Index (EPI) and GDP trends. Based on the collected data covering the period of 2002 to 2016, the analysis indicates that there is a negative relationship between GDP growth rate and Environmental Performance index. However, the study observed that strong correlation between EPI and GDP growth rate except Russia did not prevail. National accounting procedure should include environmental impact which needs to be addressed by the policy makers as suggested by authors.
18
Garzón Delvaux, P. A., L. Riesgo, and S. Gomez y Paloma. "Are small farms more performant than larger ones in developing countries?" Science Advances 6, no. 41 (October 2020): eabb8235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb8235.
Full textAbstract:
Meta-regressions of around 1000 cases published over the period 1997–2018 suggest that the direction of the relationship between land area and agricultural performance strongly depends on the performance indicator selected. Net value and efficiency indicators show that larger farms tend to be more performant than smallholders, while the simpler but ubiquitous gross output indicators support an inverse relationship (IR). In addition, this study also indicates a decreasing record of IR in the literature over time, regardless of the indicator used. This may be partially explained by improvements in assessment techniques but, more importantly, by agricultural structural changes. Our results invite reconsidering IR as a central assumption when formulating agricultural support in rural development policy.
19
Rukundo, Johnson Bosco. "Firm performance and innovation in the developing countries: Evidence from firm-level survey." Corporate Ownership and Control 15, no. 1 (2017): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv15i1c1p7.
Full textAbstract:
This paper investigates the relationship between firm performance and innovation in developing countries using micro data from enterprise surveys. The purpose is to empirically test the importance of firm performance in terms of sales, for a firm’s proneness to innovate specifically in developing countries. A two-stage least squares (2SLS) model is applied to a sample of 2356 firms from the manufacturing and service sectors. Results show that firm performance, defined as sales, is found to be a significant factor contributing to innovation among firms. This relationship holds in manufacturing firms even when distinguished from the services sector. The findings underline the importance of firms’ performance through increased sales. The paper adds to the existing limited research literature on performance and innovation studies in developing countries especially Africa. The paper results differ from previous research studies where focus has been on innovation impact towards performance. As a policy option, developing countries need to improve and promote an increase in firms’ sales that would spur them to introduce a new or substantially improved product or process.
20
Melykh, Kateryna, and Olga Melykh. "Implication of Environmental Certification and CSR for Companies’ Sustainable Performance in Developing Countries." Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 3 (May 30, 2016): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v9n3p160.
Full textAbstract:
<p>This article presents a new approach to measuring level of social and ecological consciousness in developing countries based on the example ofUkraine. The paper documents a relationship between introduction of eco-certification and corporate social responsibility practices into companies’ daily activities, and the possible subsequent increase of their revenues, social reputation and competitiveness on international markets. Environmental certification will be also considered as a systematic tool to guarantee the quality of products, production and company’s business processes.</p><p>The research was conducted during 2014-2015 and has covered 35% of Ukrainian companies from various branches that had valid environmental certificates. Based on regional distribution, distribution according to the industry a company operates in, in this paper we explore correlation between implementation of eco-certificates and CSR and their influence on company’s performance.</p>The research is aimed to demonstrate how the introduction of green policy, environmental certification and corporate social responsibility influence company’s societal value, its reputation and competitiveness on the market, and whether it helps receive financial benefits in short- or long-term period.
21
Mawire, Ashmore, Sibongiseni M. Simelane, and Patrick O. Abedigamba. "Energetic and exergetic performance comparison of three solar cookers for developing countries." Environment, Development and Sustainability 23, no. 10 (January 26, 2021): 14528–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01255-w.
Full text
22
Awad, Fadhel Jawid. "Impact of monetary policy on economic growth in developing countries for 1990-2015 (Malaysia model)." Tikrit Journal For Political Science, no. 16 (July 2, 2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/poltic.v0i16.138.
Full textAbstract:
Monetary policy is an important part in the general economic policy, most countries seek various economic doctrines to make the tools of monetary policy leads compatible with its objectives, including economic policy and the adequacy of work to do so. The economic growth highlights the importance of a key indicator of economic activity in the country and whether it was in favor of the recession or prosperity and that the basic outcome of the development process, it is important that the study of the effect of monetary policy in the economic growth achieved.
Perceived from the facts that there was a relationship between the nature of the monetary policy adopted in the country and the economic growth achieved by it, the core of the problem of research is the following question: is there an effect of monetary policy in the growth performance and the nature of the impact, if any.
In the same subject, Malaysia is one of those states that seek to achieve development and economic growth. And there is a strong correlation between the success of monetary policy in the use of tools to achieve its objectives on the one hand and between economic growth and development, on the other.
23
Sadegh Tabrizi, Jafar, Mohammad Saadati, Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani, Ali Ebadi, and Samad E.J. Golzari. "Developing indicators to improve educational governance in hospitals." Clinical Governance: An International Journal 19, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cgij-01-2014-0002.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – Clinical governance should be based on cultural elements that value lifelong learning, skill development and research. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a set of indicators to improve educational governance in hospitals. Design/methodology/approach – Key indicators were identified from the international and national literatures. Later, the indicators were rated and prioritized by a multidisciplinary panel of medical professionals using two rounds of Delphi technique. Subsequently at two consensus meetings, the panel evaluated the indicators. Findings – A set of 51 draft indicators were identified. The expert panel members rated 28 indicators as high priority indicators for measuring educational performance of the hospitals. Practical implications – This set of indicators can be used to measure the educational performance of the hospitals in identifying the gaps and take steps to resolve them. Originality/value – Education and training is the basic component of clinical governance. Hospital staff education and training is a fundamental step towards organizational and individual development. To improve the educational performance at hospital level it is necessary to reliably measure such performance. This can be done through developing and using relevant indicators. There are limited systematic studies, especially in middle and low income countries, to introduce appropriate indicators. This study has investigated developing a set of indicators to measure and improve the educational performance in hospitals.
24
de Quadros, Ciro A., Peter Carrasco, and Jean-Marc Olivé. "The Desired Field-Performance Characteristics of New Improved Vaccines for the Developing World." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 10, no. 1 (1994): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300013994.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAlthough the vaccination initiatives undertaken during the past decade are the cornerstones for protecting the world's children and helping to ensure their survival and development, the vaccines currently being employed may become obstacles for further disease reduction or eradication. Their characteristics complicate or increase the burden on health care infrastructures to maintain or expand vaccine delivery systems. This paper examines an experience with the vaccine technologies that currently are being used by immunization programs in developing countries, illustrating the field problems and obstacles associated with their use. It discusses the advantages and benefits that would accrue if new or improved, heat-stable, multi-antigen vaccines that require only one or two, preferably oral, doses were to become available.
25
Laskar, Najul, and Santi Gopal Maji. "Disclosure of corporate sustainability performance and firm performance in Asia." Asian Review of Accounting 26, no. 4 (December 3, 2018): 414–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ara-02-2017-0029.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the disclosure pattern of corporate sustainability (CS) and the influence of sustainability reporting on firm performance of four countries in Asia – Japan, South Korea, Indonesia and India. Design/methodology/approach The authors have collected the sustainability reports and annual reports of 111 firms from four Asian countries for a period of six years. Based on the framework of Global Reporting Initiatives (GRI, 3 and 3.1), content analysis is used for calculating the disclosure score of corporate sustainability performance (CSP). These scores are further used to examine the impact on firm performance by employing a panel data regression model. Findings The study finds that the average level and quality of disclosure are the highest for Japanese firms, followed by India and South Korea. However, in the case of Indonesia, the average score is very low. Further, the study finds a significant difference in the disclosure of overall sustainability as well as components of sustainability between the countries. The regression results indicate the positive impact of CSP (both in terms of level and quality) on MBR. Specifically, the outcome of the regression model reveals that both the level and quality disclosure of CS are crucial for enhancing firm value for both the developed and developing countries of Asia. Moreover, the relative influence of CSP (both in terms of level and quality) on firm performance is found to be more in developed countries than the developing countries of Asia. Originality/value This is the first comprehensive study in the Asian context to investigate the disclosure pattern of CSP and also examine the association between CSP and firm performance by employing the panel data model. The outcome of this study is useful for policy implication.
26
McMahon, Joseph A. "International Agricultural Trade Reform and Developing Countries: The Case of the European Community." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 47, no. 3 (July 1998): 632–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589300062205.
Full textAbstract:
We are all aware that agriculture is important to developing countries as a source of income, employment and export earnings. To a far greater extent than in the OECD countries, agriculture it central to the economic performance of developing countries and the livelihood of their inhabitants. Rural societies in developing countries are directly dependent on the agricultural sector and urban dwellers rely on agriculture to provide food security and sustainable economic growth. Furthermore, many developing countries heavily rely on the export earnings or are highly dependent on food imports. Given the fact that the poorest and most threatened communities and countries are typically the most highly dependent, the resolution of pressing global agricultural policy and trade issues is critical to sustainable development and poverty alleviation.
27
Kahler, Miles. "External Ambition and Economic Performance." World Politics 40, no. 4 (July 1988): 419–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2010313.
Full textAbstract:
Realist approaches to international politics raise the possibility that external policies based on expanding military power may undermine the economic bases of that power. The links between external strategy and economic performance can be classified as fiscal (macroeconomic effects), structural (microeconomic and structural effects), and protectionist (effects on foreign economic policy). The case of prewar Japan suggests that, for countries at an intermediate position in the international power hierarchy and in the international division of labor, the positive effects of external ambition on economic performance may dominate. Other cases—National Socialist Germany, contemporary developing countries, and the postwar superpowers—seem to confirm that international position is a principal determinant of these effects.
28
Zawdie, Girma, and Ralph Lee. "Technological learning, efficiency and environmental performance in developing countries: survey of the Ethiopian experience." International Journal of Environmental Technology and Management 2, no. 1/2/3 (2002): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijetm.2002.000788.
Full text
29
olde Hartman, Tim C., Andrew Bazemore, Rebecca Etz, Ryuki Kassai, Michael Kidd, Robert L. Phillips, Martin Roland, Kees van Boven, Chris van Weel, and Felicity Goodyear-Smith. "Developing measures to capture the true value of primary care." BJGP Open 5, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): BJGPO.2020.0152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgpo.2020.0152.
Full textAbstract:
Primary care (PC) is an essential building block for any high quality healthcare system, and has a particularly positive impact on vulnerable patients. It contributes to the overall performance of health systems, and countries that reorient their health system towards PC are better prepared to achieve universal health coverage. Monitoring the actual performance of PC in health systems is essential health policy to support PC. However, current indicators are often too narrowly defined to account for quality of care in the complex populations with which PC deals. This article reviews a number of conceptual frameworks developed to capture PC values in robust measures and indicators that can inform policy and practice performance. Each have benefits and limitations. Further work is needed to develop meaningful primary health care (PHC) and PC measures to inform strategic action by policymakers and governments for improved overall performance of health systems.
30
BAGRAM, MUHAMMAD MAJID MAHMOOD, AKBAR ABBAS BANGASH, and ZARA KIRAN. "Aspects of Corporate Governance in Developing Countries." International Review of Management and Business Research 10, no. 1 (March 8, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30543/10-1(2021)-1.
Full textAbstract:
This research article throws light on the impacts of Corporate Governance in the developing countries particularly to Pakistan, Mexico, Brazil and Bangladesh. The paper starts with discussions on how and when there is an alteration in different features of company administration during the practice of financial advancing in Mexico. It encompasses ultimately the impact of transforms in the replica of business control regarding the expansion of the state e.g. enlargement in purchaser commodities in favour of central group buyers, growth revelation through home firms, fewer help in favour of community public schemes etc. The authors of this research article assert that problems of governance in Bangladesh are at the helm of affairs of its economy. We observed the data regarding governance of Bangladesh of period 1996-2004 and analysed these various governance dimensions out of the aforesaid economic progress analysis the key dimensions have been divulged. These are political governance, institution dimensions and technology dimensions. The political governance in Bangladesh has been paralysed from 1998 to 2004. When the performance of governance in Bangladesh become functional it had positively affected the economy. We cannot say the importance of company authority within growing kingdoms. The commercial domination might include a slightly different system than prevalent in the European countries and North America due to insufficient infrastructure and destroy governmental policy interventionism. We also throw light on important features of Brazilian firm’s changes after the application for communal power exercises. After making a deliberation on the implementation of joint supremacy in Brazil, Mexico, and Bangladesh and subsequently we have emphasized the impact of Corporate Governance and proper growth in Pakistan. The relationship between good governance and proper growth is proportional generally. Having studied different scenarios of the countries under remonstration, the writers have reached the conclusion that good governance is an essential component for upgrading the economies of developing countries because of these reasons it may be said that high-quality control leads towards a country obtain sky-scraping and frequent monetary increase through establishment of congenial environment for savings and investment, entrepreneurship, yielding implement upon manufacturers, generating constancy among marketplace, expansion in souks though elimination of hurdles/barriers towards inner job and progress over the competitors. Keywords: Business Control, Economic Development and Proper Growth.
31
Kim, Eunjoo, and Deok Soon Yim. "A Study on the Performance Factors on the Science and Technology Policy Consultation Project for Developing Countries." Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society 22, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 186–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.35978/jktis.2019.04.22.2.186.
Full text
32
Odongo, Tomson. "Trade Policy as Well as Non Trade Policy Reforms and Export Performance of Agricultural Commodities: An Empirical View of Developing Countries." International Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 3, no. 4 (2015): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijebo.20150304.12.
Full text
33
Oo, Thida, Jerome Kueh, and Daw Tin Hla. "Determinants of Export Performance in ASEAN Region: Panel Data Analysis." International Business Research 12, no. 8 (July 18, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v12n8p1.
Full textAbstract:
International trade is one of the major aspects that grow tremendously in Southeast Asia and export is regarded as main accelerators of growth in either developed or developing countries. The objective of this study is to determine the determinants of export performance for ASEAN countries. In this study, panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method is adopted for time period between 2000 to 2015. Empirical findings indicate that there is a long-run relationship between determinants of export such as interest rate, economic growth and foreign direct investment with export performance of ASEAN countries. Therefore, policy makers need to strategize their policies to move towards closer cooperation among the ASEAN countries, especially promoting sustainable exportation in the region.
34
Nunnenkamp, Peter. "Why Economic Growth Trends Differ So Much across Developing Countries in the Era of Globalisation (The Iqbal Memorial Lecture)." Pakistan Development Review 40, no. 4I (December 1, 2001): 315–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v40i4ipp.315-343.
Full textAbstract:
The claim of globalisation critics that the income gap with industrial countries is bound to widen for essentially all developing countries as a consequence of economic globalisation is in conflict with empirical evidence. Economic performance differs tremendously across developing countries. We discuss several factors such as capital accumulation, openness to trade, and foreign indebtedness which may explain the varying experience with globalisation in regard to per capita income growth and income distribution. Economic restructuring is shown to represent an important—though frequently neglected—link between globalisation and country-specific performance. We conclude that national policy-makers continue to have effective leverage to promote economic catching-up and poverty alleviation in the countries they govern.
35
Asghar, Bilal, Ahmad Wasim, Usama Qazi, and Azfar Rasool. "Financial and Non-Financial Practices Driving Sustainable Firm Performance: Evidence from Banking Sector of Developing Countries." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (July 31, 2020): 6164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156164.
Full textAbstract:
Since independence, state-owned enterprises in Pakistan have been struggling for performance enhancement. The goal of sustainable performance is still unachievable. Therefore, the paper evaluates sustainable corporate performance based on financial, social, and environmental performance areas. The organizational restructuring framework for sustainable performance enhancement is developed on software PLS-SEM. The financial and economic performance (FEP) was evaluated through financial reports and surveys; however, social and environmental performances (SEP) were quantified through survey questionnaires for seven performance areas with multiple sub factors, based on Weisbord’s six box model. The study time period in focus is 2011 to 2015. Data was collected from 517 employees of 19 public, private, and privatized banks of Pakistan. The results demonstrate that the total effect of FEP and SEP is much stronger (t-value = 7.619) than the individual direct impact of FEP (t-value = 5.189) on sustainable firm performance (SFP). This is a clear indication of the mediating role of SEP for SFP evaluation. Furthermore, FEP depends on significant indicators include net assets, total deposits, profit before tax, and earnings per share of total deposits with outer loadings, which are given as 0.995, 0.992, 0.978, and 0.954, respectively. Moreover, SEP depends on indicators, i.e., reward policies, redefining organizational purpose, coordination mechanism among employees, and supervisor relationships, with correlations of 0.864, 0.849, 0.805, and 0.761, respectively. The framework will assist in the enhancement of the performance of economically unviable public and loss-making privatized entities.
36
Ghosh, Kaushik, and Arup Sarkar. "Sustainability Study of In-situ Hydroponic Vetiver System for Urban Wastewater Management in Developing Countries: A Theoretical Review." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 17, no. 4 (October 31, 2020): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw200056.
Full textAbstract:
Urban wastewater management is a crucial challenge in the small and medium towns situated in the developing countries worldwide. These towns are also facing an increasing gap between infrastructure and population growth. A conventional approach to curb these problems is the application of cost-intensive electro-mechanical sewerage technologies, as adopted in developed countries. The first part of this paper derives a set of indicators to framework a sustainable urban wastewater treatment system by reviewing the current state of wastewater management in developing countries, for example, the sample case study being India. The second part evaluates the potential performance of the proposed alternative in-situ hydroponic vetiver system (HVS) against those set of sustainability indicators by reviewing the worldwide performance of the HVS. The objective of this paper is to assess the potential viability of the HVS as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative for developing countries. The current analysis can aid in mainstreaming the use of HVS in policy making and urban planning.
37
BenDavid-Hadar, Iris. "Funding education: developing a method of allocation for improvement." International Journal of Educational Management 32, no. 1 (January 8, 2018): 2–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-07-2016-0161.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Resource allocation is a key policy instrument that affects the educational achievement distribution (EAD). The literature on methods of allocation is focused mainly on equity issues. The purpose of this paper is to develop a composite funding formula, which adds to the equity-based element (i.e. a needs-based element compensating for students’ low starting points), an element of rewarding improvement in schools’ educational achievement distribution (IEAD) (i.e. raising the overall level of achievement and narrowing the achievement gap). Design/methodology/approach This formula is developed using advanced regression models as well as integrating further policy considerations. The data sets are comprised of nation-wide student-level information on longitudinal students’ achievements (8th graders of 2006, and four years later 12th graders 2010), as well as student background characteristics, and teacher profiles and school features. The Israel data serve as an interesting case study for other countries which are similarly characterized by its students’ diversity, and by its aspiration to improve its EAD and to narrow the achievement gap. Findings Results reveal that the variance among students’ performance is mostly explained by their past performance. In addition, other background characteristics also contribute to the explained variation in students’ performance; however, a lower contribution was found, compared with that of the previous performance. Specifically, schools’ value added contributes 25 percent to the overall 50 percent of explained variance. In other words, allocating resources to schools solely with accordance to equity issues might have an adverse effect on improvement. Yet, designing a composite mechanism that integrates both equity and improvement issues might be more effective. Practical implications Policy makers in other countries that strive to achieve improvement as well as equity in education might consider adjusting the technique developed in this work. The proposed technique might be adjusted based on each country’s nation-wide student-level data. The design of a research-based funding formula aimed at improvement in education as well as considering equity issues might be more effective, equitable, and efficient. Originality/value The main contribution of this work is the conceptual development of IEAD, as well as its measured weight in the funding formula. This work suggests an innovative method of allocation that rewards schools by allocating larger resources based on the improvement gained in the process of learning (not just on the inputs or outputs/outcomes). This research value lays in its design of a composite funding formula that takes into account, in addition to the equity component, an innovative improvement-based component. In addition to that, the value of this research lays on its policy implications. This research suggests and develops a technique for developing a research-based funding formula that might be useful for other countries aspire to improve their education.
38
CAGATAY, SELIM, and HAKAN MIHCI. "INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION, ENVIRONMENTAL SUFFERING AND POLICY MEASURES: AN INDEX OF ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY PERFORMANCE (IESP)." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 05, no. 02 (June 2003): 205–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333203001309.
Full textAbstract:
An index of environmental sensitivity performance (IESP) is constructed in order to measure and quantify the comparative environmental sensitivity of countries. The main emphasis of IESP is to obtain an overall measure of sensitiveness instead of focusing on various indicators designed for particular environmental issues. The sub-indices, however, can also be utilised for specific environmental concerns. IESP is built to analyse empirically certain economic relationships that appeared firstly in the emergence of environmental regulations in industrial nations and secondly, in the debate over recent international agreements. The main findings of the IESP seem to be consistent with the disputes emphasising the growing sensitivity of the developed nations towards the industrial pollution relative to the developing nations. With a very few exceptions, developed countries appear to be stringent in the pursuit of the industrial environmental regulations. This general trend, which is consistent with the theoretical expectations, contributes to the value of the IESP as a quantitative instrument. Furthermore, the wider range of the countries' index values can be considered as promising in terms of utilising IESP in quantitative applications.
39
Kadarusman, Yohanes B. "The Impact of Entrepreneurship on Economic Performance in Indonesia." Economics and Finance in Indonesia 66, no. 1 (June 25, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.47291/efi.v66i1.684.
Full textAbstract:
Entrepreneurship is claimed to have a positive and significant effect on economic growth in developed countries, but less so in developing countries. Using the growth model, this study examines the impact of entrepreneurship on economic performance in Indonesia as indicated by economic growth and income per-capita from 1985 to 2017. The estimation result confirms the non-significant effect of the growth of entrepreneurial ventures on the growth of GDP per-capita. However, the accumulation of the ventures has a positive and significant effect on the level of GDP per capita. The different typology of entrepreneurial ventures in Indonesia provides some insight to explain the finding, namely: scale does matter. Indonesia already has abundant micro-scale entrepreneurs, but it has only a limited amount of small-scale entrepreneurs, and even fewer medium or large-scale entrepreneurs. This finding contributes to a better understanding of the statistically non-significant impact of entrepreneurship on economic growth in developing countries. This study also suggests that entrepreneurship policy in Indonesia should focus more on facilitating micro-scale ventures to continuously develop toward small, medium, and ultimately large-scale enterprises rather than on creating start-ups.
40
Chekole, Solomon Dargie, Walter Timo de Vries, and Gebeyehu Belay Shibeshi. "An Evaluation Framework for Urban Cadastral System Policy in Ethiopia." Land 9, no. 2 (February 24, 2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9020060.
Full textAbstract:
Land is the most vital resource on earth from which people derive their basic needs. In order to administer and manage this vital resource in a sustainable way, there are several mechanisms, of which the cadastral system is the prime one. Literature documents that the performance measurement methods of cadastral systems are not appropriate. In most developing countries, systematic performance evaluation mechanisms for cadastral systems are very inadequate. For example, Ethiopia has no systematic evaluation framework to measure and evaluate the state of cadastral systems. This article aims to develop an evaluation framework to measure and evaluate the performance of urban cadastral systems in Ethiopia based on the methods that have proven successful in developed countries. The goal is furthermore to present a set of good practices and a set of indicators that can provide an objective basis to support a systematic evaluation of urban cadastral systems in Ethiopia. The study employs a desk review research strategy and a qualitative analytical approach.
41
Zaharia, Alina, Maria-Claudia Diaconeasa, Natalia Maehle, Gergely Szolnoki, and Roberta Capitello. "Developing Sustainable Food Systems in Europe: National Policies and Stakeholder Perspectives in a Four-Country Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 14 (July 20, 2021): 7701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147701.
Full textAbstract:
To address climate change, health, and food-related challenges at the international and regional level, policy makers and researchers are starting to acknowledge the importance of building and developing sustainable food systems (SFSs). This study aims to discuss the drivers of, barriers to, and policy recommendations for developing sustainable food systems in four European countries (Germany, Italy, Norway, and Romania). We used critical frame analysis to investigate national policy documents on sustainable food systems and conducted in-depth interviews with various national stakeholders representing policy makers, agrifood businesses, and civil society. The novelty of this research lies in comparing national policy approaches and stakeholders’ opinions on SFS development in a multi-country analysis. These European countries have different conditions in terms of geography, socioeconomic situation, environmental performance, and sustainability orientation. Several cross-cultural differences and gaps in the existing national policies for sustainable food systems were identified, and solutions that help overcome these issues have been suggested. The first step in developing SFS should focus on interdisciplinary and trans-sectorial policy integration combined with increasing stakeholder collaboration across all sectors of the economy. We also recommend more active involvement of consumers in the food system, developing information-sharing networks, and increasing collaborations within the food supply chains.
42
Rochon, Gilbert L. "Space-based technologies and high performance computing in support of environmental sustainability in developing countries." Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 11, no. 3 (August 21, 2009): 251–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10098-009-0254-z.
Full text
43
Cetrulo, Tiago B., Diogo F. C. Ferreira, Rui C. Marques, and Tadeu F. Malheiros. "Water utilities performance analysis in developing countries: On an adequate model for universal access." Journal of Environmental Management 268 (August 2020): 110662. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110662.
Full text
44
Estache, Antonio, and Liam Wren-Lewis. "Toward a Theory of Regulation for Developing Countries: Following Jean-Jacques Laffont's Lead." Journal of Economic Literature 47, no. 3 (September 1, 2009): 729–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.47.3.729.
Full textAbstract:
The efficient operation and expansion of infrastructures in developing countries is crucial for growth and poverty reduction. However, recent reforms aimed at improving the performance of these sectors have had limited success. Evidence suggests that, in many instances, this was because the traditional regulatory theory relied on by policymakers was not suitable for the institutional context in developing countries. This article surveys more recent theoretical work focusing on problems with regulation in these countries. At the heart of the survey is the work of Jean-Jacques Laffont, who, in the last decade of his life, set about developing a theoretical framework for regulation in developing countries. We consider the implications of his work, which focused on the key institutional limitations faced in developing countries. We then discuss where experience suggests that there are important omissions from this modeling, bringing in extensions and alternative approaches pursued by other authors. We conclude by summarizing the key ways in which regulatory policy will be different when institutions are weak. Overall, we find that an understanding of the institutional context and its implications are crucial when designing a regulatory framework for developing countries.
45
Obaji, Nkem Okpa, Aslan Amat Senin, and Mercy Uche Olugu. "Supportive Government Policy as a Mechanism for Business Incubation Performance in Nigeria." International Journal of Information Systems and Social Change 7, no. 4 (October 2016): 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijissc.2016100103.
Full textAbstract:
Business incubation programme has been adopted by numerous countries globally. Its adoption has been related to its performance and actual contribution to entrepreneurship development. Studies have acknowledged the role of incubation programme to different spheres of national economy. In spite of the positive side of incubator model, there is still a contradiction concerning incubation performance in the developing countries, especially, Nigeria. This study aims to examine the contribution of government policy on the relationship between the critical success factors (CSFs) and incubator performance in Nigeria. Questionnaires were distributed to a sample size of 153 respondents from a population of 253 incubatees. The Partial Least Squares (PLS) software was used to analyze the data. Government policy as a moderator did not show a significant moderation relationship between the CSFs and incubator performance. The study recommends that future studies should integrate this quantitative approach of data collection with the qualitative method. Also, as the value of the coefficient of determination is 46%, future research should look at other factors which may likely increase the variation in performance explained by (or accounted for by) the variation in the CSFs.
46
Malik, Wasim Shahid, and Ather Maqsood Ahmed. "Taylor Rule and the Macroeconomic Performance in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 49, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v49i1pp.37-56.
Full textAbstract:
A near-consensus position in modern macroeconomics is that policy rules have greater advantage over discretion in improving economic performance. For developing countries in particular, simple instrument rules appear to be feasible options as pre-requisites since more sophisticated targeting rules are generally lacking. Using Pakistan’s data, this study has attempted to estimate the Taylor rule and use it as monetary policy strategy to simulate the economy. Our results indicate that the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) has not been following the Taylor rule. In fact, the actual policy has been an extreme deviation from it. On the other hand, counterfactual simulation confirms that macroeconomic performance could have been better in terms of stability of inflation and output, had the Taylor rule been adopted as monetary policy strategy. The study also establishes that further gains are possible if the parameter values of the rule are slightly modified. JEL classification: E47, E31, E52 Keywords: Taylor Rule, Macroeconomic Performance, Counterfactual Simulation
47
Lim, Sang-Won, Kamonchanok Suthiwartnarueput, Ahmad Abareshi, Paul Tae-Woo Lee, and Yann Duval. "Key factors in developing transit trade corridors in Northeast Asia." Journal of Korea Trade 21, no. 3 (September 11, 2017): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkt-05-2017-0046.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate key critical factors for developing transit trade corridors (TTCs) in optimizing trade and logistics performance, taking into account economic, geographic and political concerns among countries in the Northeast Asia region, which have been dynamically developing TTCs to optimize trade and logistics performance in association with development of transport infrastructure in the Greater Tumen Region located in the Northeast Asia. Design/methodology/approach This research explores key factors affecting the TTC through a comprehensive literature review in tandem with expert survey. Factor analysis, both exploratory and confirmatory, is employed to further investigate the underlying factors affecting more efficient development of a TTC. Findings This research has drawn eight underlying factors affecting the design of a TTC: development and policy implications; safety, security and political concerns; environmental protection; financing and investment; soft infrastructure; hard infrastructure; geography and landscape; and corridor performance. Research limitations/implications This paper has a limited geographical scope of the Northeast Asia. Therefore, more primary data collection would be useful in future work. Development of International trade corridor and TTC is critical in northeast Asia for moving goods through designated geographical paths. The key factors drawn in this paper contributes not only to promoting its related services and information (across borders) with the provision of policy support and related facilities for TTC but also to lowering logistics costs and improving trades in the northeast Asian region. As a result, the countries in the region will accelerate their regional economies in collaboration with international bodies and framework, such as UNDP, Greater Tumen Initiative and One Belt One Road Initiative. Practical implications The eight underlying factors the authors identified in this research will be valuable for policy-makers to design TTCs and consequently the research will contribute to regional economies in northeast Asia by establishing efficient trade and transport routes among the countries in the region. Social implications Developing TTCs is a kind of platform and infrastructure to accelerate cargo movements and people movements in the northeast Asia. Users of TTCs will benefit their businesses thanks to an efficient logistics system and lower logistics costs, which result in promoting international and regional trade in the region. Originality/value There has not been any research done on factors to consider in developing TTCs in the world, whose consequence is no readily available reference that can support a systematic assessment and decision-making in development of TTCs. The findings of this research provide a helpful reference for policy-makers, potential users and developers of TTCs to refer in planning and developing them.
48
Razzaq, Shahid, Muhammad Shujahat, Saddam Hussain, Faisal Nawaz, Minhong Wang, Murad Ali, and Shehnaz Tehseen. "Knowledge management, organizational commitment and knowledge-worker performance." Business Process Management Journal 25, no. 5 (September 2, 2019): 923–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-03-2018-0079.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Knowledge management in the public sector is relatively an ignored avenue of research and practice that has recently been given attention. Knowledge management initiatives in the public sector are now not limited to the developed countries anymore. The public sectors of various developing countries including Pakistan have developed knowledge management functions to address the problems of low organizational commitment (higher turnover rates) and knowledge-workers’ performance. Consequently, the purpose of this paper is to examine the mediation role of organizational commitment in the relationship between knowledge management practices and knowledge-worker performance. Design/methodology/approach The data were gathered from 341 knowledge workers of the public sector health department of Punjab Province, Pakistan, where knowledge management unit initiative has been taken. It was then analyzed using the structural equation modeling. Findings Organizational commitment partially mediates the relationship between knowledge management practices and knowledge-work performance. Practical implications The public sector policy makers are strongly advised to implement knowledge management units and practices in order to enhance knowledge-work performance as well as organizational commitment. Originality/value First, the model on the mediating role of organizational commitment has never been examined before. Second, the data collection from the public Health Department of Pakistan, a developing country, is relatively rare because the public sector knowledge management studies have mostly been conducted in developed countries. Finally, this study extends the literature on knowledge management in the public sector that is the developing theme in knowledge management discipline while adding knowledge management as a toolkit to enhance knowledge-workers’, organizational commitment and knowledge-work performance.
49
Williams, Colin C., Alvaro Martinez–Perez, and Abbi M. Kedir. "Informal Entrepreneurship in Developing Economies: The Impacts of Starting up Unregistered on firm Performance." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 41, no. 5 (September 2017): 773–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/etap.12238.
Full textAbstract:
To advance understanding of the entrepreneurship process in developing economies, this article evaluates whether registered enterprises that initially avoid the cost of registration, and focus their resources on overcoming other liabilities of newness, lay a stronger foundation for subsequent growth. Analyzing World Bank Enterprise Survey data across 127 countries, and controlling for other firm performance determinants, registered enterprises that started up unregistered and spent longer operating unregistered are revealed to have significantly higher subsequent annual sales, employment, and productivity growth rates compared with those that registered from the outset. The theoretical and policy implications are then discussed.
50
Loga, Patricia, and Anand Chand. "Performance appraisal systems and public sector efficiency in small island developing states." Personnel Review 49, no. 4 (December 11, 2019): 974–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-01-2018-0013.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose There is extant literature on performance appraisal systems (PAS) in public sector globally; however, most of the literature focuses on PAS in public sector in large developed and large developing countries. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is scant literature on PAS in the public sector of small developing countries. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to fill the research gap and analyse employee perceptions of the annual performance appraisal (APA) system and its implications in the Fiji’s public sector. It examines the APA more specifically in the case study of Ministry of Health and Medical Services in Fiji. Design/methodology/approach A mixed methods approach was undertaken and information collected from each research method was triangulated to ensure the reliability and validity of the findings. Findings This study found that the APA system shows promise of delivering on the expected outcomes for PAS. Similarly, staff morale was found to increase while employee behaviour improved with employee involvement and simple key performance indicators. However, much work needs to be done at the macro, meso and micro level of policy planning and implementation in order to ensure the success of APA. Research limitations/implications The limitations of this research are that it is based solely on Fiji’s experience and future research could expand this study to other developing country contexts, especially small island states. Originality/value After conducting a literature review on developed nations and research in a small developing country (Fiji), this paper produces two models: a PAS model in the developed country context and another in Fiji’s small developing country context. This paper contributes to the existing literature of PAS in the public sector and more specifically in the context of developing small island countries.