Journal articles on the topic 'Policy implications and action research'
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Stanworth, John, and Colin Gray. "Enterprise Education: Action-Based Research with Training Policy Implications." International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship 10, no. 2 (January 1992): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026624269201000201.
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PRO ROFSSORJOHN STANWORTI-I AND Colin Gray are director-general and deputy director-general respectively of thle [Jnited Kingdom's independent rcs strch body, the Small Business Researc h T rust. This paper reports oni a i-tuinber of related action-research based projcC ts undertaken by the authors inxvolvixtg the SBRT and major UK (Gover-iment bodies, such as the I)epartimient of Edtication and Science an-d thie then Training Agency. A key goal uLnderi lirig all of the work reported her c hias heett that of channelling educational and traiiiing aid to the small businesses imiost likely to benefit, and centres par-tictilarlv around the issue of matiagemnenit training in 'growth c orridor' businesses employing 5-50 personnel. The principal objective has been to gain an in-depth understan-ding of the management of firms in in the 5-20 personnel size-band with the relatively poor performance of those in the 20-50 band. The former appears to be asubstantial net job creator and the latter a net job loser. The hypothesis being investigated is that the relatively disappointing performance of firms in the 20-50 size segment is essentially pre-bureaucratic structure tjo one based and delegation.
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Adugu, Emmanuel. "Contextualizing Action Research." International Journal of Adult Education and Technology 12, no. 2 (April 2021): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaet.2021040103.
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This article focuses on designing and conducting action research in diverse settings. Action research is a collaborative approach to problem solving. It involves consultative problem identification, reflects context, encourages reflexive examination, and ultimately encourages and empowers beneficiaries for desirable change. In that regard, it puts all stakeholders at the core of the change process. The process of change from research project conceptualization to analysis and policy implications is thus made more understandable and meaningful to community actors (beneficiaries). The chapter features three empirical models from diverse parts of the world. These are Model 1: Photo-voice as a form action research depicting an underused footbridge in Barbados; Model 2: DANIDA Community Water and Sanitation Project, Ghana; and REACH After School Enrichment Program, USA.
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Montgomery, Anthony, Karolina Doulougeri, and Efharis Panagopoulou. "Implementing action research in hospital settings: a systematic review." Journal of Health Organization and Management 29, no. 6 (September 21, 2015): 729–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-09-2013-0203.
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Purpose – Health care organizations and hospitals in particular are highly resistant to change. The reasons for this are rooted in professional role behaviors, hierarchical structures and the influence of hidden curricula that inform organizational culture. Action research (AR) has been identified as a promising bottom-up approach that has the potential to address the significant barriers to change. However, to date no systematic review of the field in health care exists. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – A systematic review of the literature was conducted. Studies were reviewed with regard to the four stages of AR; problem identification, planning, implementation and evaluation. Findings – Only 19 studies were identified that fit the inclusion criteria. Results revealed significant heterogeneity with regard to theoretical background, methodology employed and evaluation methods used. Research limitations/implications – Only studies published and written in the English language were included. Practical implications – The field of AR interventions would benefit from a theoretical framework that has the ability to guide the methodology and evaluation processes. Originality/value – This is the first systematic review of AR in hospitals.
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Isotalo, Jukka. "Spring Load Restrictions in Finland: Current Policy and Research Implications." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1615, no. 1 (January 1998): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1615-04.
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Roads in Finland are exposed to seasonal strength variation. Because of industrial policy, the maximum weight of heavy trucks is 60 metric tons all year. The policies applied by the Finnish National Road Administration (Finnra) to mitigate the effects of seasonal road strength variations on public roads, and the current research on the topic in Finland, are investigated. It has been estimated that the annual cost of road repairs because of spring damages is about $10 million under the present load restriction policy. The costs for road repairs would be $35 million without restrictions. The annual additional cost for all heavy transport is estimated at $15 million. An internal Finnra survey revealed that $80 million to $100 million is needed to repair all known frost-susceptible road sections. Finnra load restrictions are intended to prevent damage to roads by heavy vehicles during spring thaw. The restrictions will reduce and possibly eliminate increases in annual road maintenance costs. On the other hand, the restrictions will allow a minimum standard for vital transport. Finnra’s Road Structures Research Programme (TPPT) studies improvements in the durability, strength, and economy of road structures. A key part of the TPPT project concerns problems associated with frost, especially durability against frost action. The most important factors of frost action on roads are the freezing index, duration of frost and thaw seasons, surface temperature, and ground water level. Methods for testing and calculating frost effects are discussed, as are the questions that must be answered before more precise models can be published.
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Currie, Melissa A., and Janni Sorensen. "Upscaling Action Research and implications for community organizing practice." Action Research 18, no. 4 (April 19, 2017): 469–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476750317704892.
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Case studies are an effective vehicle for telling important stories that may have broader implications, but how is the research study made relevant, or generalizable, to other places or events? This paper discusses the upscaling of Action Research where Action Research was the starting point at the local level that led to additional layers with larger, regional scale implications. The story behind the development process and resulting built form of Windy Ridge, a relatively new subdivision in Charlotte, North Carolina dubbed a “Neighborhood Built to Fail,” presents a compelling story. We trace the development of knowledge around three topics originating in Action Research and how we scaled those topics up to have policy implications: (1) owner occupancy and absentee landlords; (2) stability, instability, and neighborhood resiliency; and (3) zoning changes and environmental justice issues. We reflect on implications for practitioners and academics based on several years of neighborhood partnership and how Action Research can reveal structural issues at work within communities. Action Research findings provided a research- and evidence-based platform from which to advocate for neighborhood change and the motivation for the extended research. This approach produced an expanding research model emanating from Action Research data and questions originating with residents.
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Sidorenko, Alexandre. "Adjusting to population ageing: evidence for policy action." Population Horizons 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pophzn-2015-0008.
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Abstract This article discusses the contribution of research evidence to shifting the focus of international policy planning on ageing from predominantly humanitarian aspects to predominantly developmental aspects. Opposing views on the implications of population change for societal development are delineated. Particular attention is paid to efforts aimed at linking research and policy processes in the area of population ageing. The role of international cooperation in developing/strengthening national capacity for evidence informed policy on ageing is reviewed.
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Carlisle, Sandra, and Stephen Cropper. "Investing in lay researchers for community-based health action research: implications for research, policy and practice." Critical Public Health 19, no. 1 (March 2009): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09581590802225712.
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Coleman, Gill, and Liz Wiggins. "Bringing humanity into view: action research with Qatar’s ambulance service." Journal of Health Organization and Management 31, no. 5 (August 21, 2017): 581–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-10-2016-0208.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to argue for the widening of attention in healthcare improvement efforts, to include an awareness of the humanity of people who work in the sector and an appreciation of the part human connection plays in engagement around good quality work. Theoretical frameworks and research approaches which draw on action-based, interpretive and systemic thinking are proposed, as a complement to current practices. Design/methodology/approach The paper describes the early stages of an action research (AR) project, which used the appreciative inquiry “4D” framework to conduct participative inquiry in Hamad Medical Corporation’s ambulance service in Qatar, in which staff became co-researchers. Findings The co-researchers were highly motivated to work with improvement goals as a result of their participation in the AR. They, and their managers, saw each other and the work in new ways and discovered that they had much to offer. Research limitations/implications This was a small-scale pilot project, from which findings must be considered tentative. The challenges of establishing good collaboration across language, culture and organisational divides are considerable. Practical implications Appreciative and action-oriented inquiry methods can serve not only to find things out, but also to highlight and give value to aspects of humanity in the workplace that are routinely left invisible in formal processes. This, in turn, can help with quality improvement. Originality/value This paper is a challenge to the orthodox way of viewing healthcare organisations, and improvement processes within them, as reliant on control rather than empowerment. An alternative is to actively include the agency, sense-making capacity and humanity of those involved.
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Ruggiero, Dana. "Persuasive Games as Social Action Agents." International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations 5, no. 4 (October 2013): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijgcms.2013100104.
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Persuasive games are an interdisciplinary area covering a range of fields. This article examines persuasive games through current trends in research as potential agents of social action. The implications of persuasive games for learning are analyzed through education and communication theories, suggesting that persuasive techniques are of primary importance and that procedures and ethos connect learners to experiences. The article first provides a historical overview of persuasive games, highlighting key background and influences. It then defines persuasive games through learning and communication theories, and discusses the implications of persuasive games as social action agents in research, policy, and practice.
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Umansky, Ilana M., and Lorna Porter. "State English learner education policy: A conceptual framework to guide comprehensive policy action." education policy analysis archives 28 (January 27, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.28.4594.
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Given the role of the state as the primary governing level tasked with U.S. public education, combined with the rapid rise in the proportion of students who are identified as English learners (ELs), this manuscript puts forth a framework for state EL education policy. The framework is organized around three core principles of understanding students, providing high quality instruction, and supporting effective systems. Drawing on recent decades of policy research, the framework identifies nine key areas for comprehensive state policy action: (1) addressing diversity in EL skills and needs, (2) EL assessment, (3) classification and reclassification, (4) core content access, (5) English language development instruction, (6) bilingual education, (7) EL funding, (8) teacher preparation and skills, and (9) pre-K through postsecondary alignment. Along with synthesizing policy research in each of the nine areas, we present relevant policy implications. We outline how this framework can be used – and adapted – by policymakers and scholars to examine state EL education policy contexts and to guide future research and policymaking.
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Hassard, John, Paula Hyde, Julie Wolfram Cox, Edward Granter, and Leo McCann. "Exploring health work: a critical-action perspective." Journal of Health Organization and Management 31, no. 5 (August 21, 2017): 567–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-02-2017-0034.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe a hybrid approach to the research developed during a multi-researcher, ethnographic study of NHS management in the UK. Design/methodology/approach This methodological paper elaborates a hybrid approach to the sociological analysis – the critical-action theory – and indicates how it can contribute to the critical health management studies. Findings After exploring the various theoretical, methodological and philosophical options available, the paper discusses the main research issues that influenced the development of this perspective and the process by which the critical-action perspective was applied to the studies of managerial work in four health service sectors – acute hospitals, ambulance services, community services and mental healthcare. Research limitations/implications This methodological perspective enabled a critical analysis of health service organisation that considered macro, meso and micro effects, in particular and in this case, how new public management drained power from clinicians through managerialist discourses and practices. Practical implications Healthcare organisations are often responding to the decisions that lie outside of their control and may have to enact changes that make little sense locally. In order to make sense of these effects, micro-, meso- and macro-level analyses are necessary. Originality/value The critical-action perspective is presented as an adjunct to traditional approaches that have been taken to the study of health service organisation and delivery.
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Padma, Panchapakesan, Prakash Sai Lokachari, and Rajendran Chandrasekharan. "Strategic action grids: a study in Indian hospitals." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 27, no. 5 (June 3, 2014): 360–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-11-2012-0108.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide strategic recommendations to Indian hospital administrators for improving service quality by analysing performance dimensions and the importance attached to them by patients and attendants. Design/methodology/approach – Patient and attendant perceptions were collected using a questionnaire. Findings – Patients and attendants have different perceptions. Different customers have different needs of which providers need to be aware to better serve their consumers. Research limitations/implications – The study captured only 408 patient and attendants’ perceptions – a 32 per cent response rate. Practical implications – Results enable hospital administrators to develop appropriate strategies to improve their structure and function by analysing their strengths and weaknesses regarding their tangible and intangible assets. Originality/value – The study included attendants, specifically in an Indian healthcare context.
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Saunders, Peter. "Social Exclusion: Challenges for Research and Implications for Policy." Economic and Labour Relations Review 19, no. 1 (November 2008): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103530460801900106.
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Social exclusion is influencing how social policy issues are conceived, debated, researched and addressed, particularly in Europe. It has also been given prominence as a focus of the Rudd Government's social policy agenda. This paper reviews the debate over the definition and measurement of social exclusion, focusing on its relationship with poverty, defined in terms of low-income. The analysis is based on the premise that conceptual and measurement issues can play an important role in identifying causation, and thus point to the kinds of actions needed to address the problem. The argument is illustrated by drawing on recent Australian research that shows that exclusion takes many different but often inter-connected forms, and that there is a low degree of overlap between exclusion and poverty. The implications of the findings for research and policy are briefly discussed.
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김인설. "Arts as a Catalyst for Social Capital - Art-based Action Research and Implications for Cultural Policy -." Journal of Cultural Policy 27, no. 2 (August 2013): 120–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.16937/jcp.27.2.201308.120.
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O’Neill, Allen. "An action framework for compliance and governance." Clinical Governance: An International Journal 19, no. 4 (September 30, 2014): 342–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cgij-07-2014-0022.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework for clinical governance, in particular, the compliance of data privacy in a healthcare organisation. Design/methodology/approach – The approach of the research was to highlight problem areas in compliance and governance risk management (governance, risk and compliance (GRC)) in general, and then identify knowledge in other domains that could be combined and applied to improve GRC management, and ultimately improve governance outcomes. Findings – There is a gap in the literature is respect of systems and frameworks to assist organisations in managing the complex minutiae associated with compliance. This paper addresses this gap by proposing a “compliance action framework” which builds on work existing in other domains in relation to education, process control and governance. Research limitations/implications – The present research provides a starting point for an implementation of the framework within a number of organisations, and opens questions for further research in the field. Originality/value – The GRC framework proposed in this paper contributes to the state of the art, by proposing processes for improving the governance capability and compliance outcomes within an organisation for governance of data privacy risk and data protection.
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Henderson, Joseph A., Andrew Bieler, and Marcia McKenzie. "Climate Change and the Canadian Higher Education System: An Institutional Policy Analysis." Canadian Journal of Higher Education 47, no. 1 (April 27, 2017): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v47i1.187451.
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Climate change is a pressing concern. Higher education can address the challenge, but systematic analyses of climate change in education policy are sparse. This paper addresses this gap in the literature by reporting on how Canadian postsecondary educational institutions have engaged with climate change through policy actions. We used descriptive quantitative methods to analyze climate change-specific policies from a representative sample of 50 institutions across Canada and found that nearly half had some form of climate policy. Existing policies were then qualitatively analyzed. We found that the most common form of response focused on the built campus environment, with underdeveloped secondary responses focused on research, curriculum, community engagement, and governance policies. We consider the motivations for such institutional action and end with implications for policy makers and future research.
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Ghosal, Sayantan. "ASPIRATIONS FAILURE, DISADVANTAGE TRAPS AND INCLUSIVE REGIONAL POLICY." National Institute Economic Review 255 (February 2021): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nie.2020.51.
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This paper examines the implications for regional policy of new research on the role played by a failure in the ‘capacity to aspire’ [Appadurai, A. (2004), ‘The capacity to aspire’, in Rao, V. and Walton, M. (eds), Culture and Public Action, Washington, DC: World Bank.] in perpetuating disadvantage traps. After a brief review of the magnitude of the challenge that regional policy needs to confront, it provides a summary of the theoretical and empirical literature on poverty and aspirations failure (and the associated loss of agency, beliefs and self-efficacy). The key implication for the design of an inclusive regional policy is that it needs to address simultaneously the sources of external constraints (such as the availability of resources or adequate infrastructure) and mitigate the aspirations failure inherently linked to persistent disadvantage.
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Li, Han, Xin (Robert) Luo, and Yan Chen. "Understanding Information Security Policy Violation from a Situational Action Perspective." Journal of the Association for Information Systems 22, no. 3 (2021): 739–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00678.
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Insiders’ negligence or abuse is regarded as a leading cause of information security breaches in organizations. As most of the extant studies have largely examined insider threats at a high level of abstraction, the role of situational moral reasoning for information security policy (ISP) violations in specific situations has received little attention. To advance this line of research, this paper opens up a potentially fruitful path for IS researchers by applying situational action theory (SAT) to contextually examine why employees violate ISPs in particular situations. We consider the violations of password security policy, internet use policy, and confidential data security policy, and examine specific violation intents ranging from altruistic to malicious. The results support most of the assertions derived from SAT. We found situational moral beliefs to be the predominant driver for ISP violations across three situations in an organizational setting. However, the moderation effect of moral beliefs was only significant in situations involving sharing passwords and selling confidential data. Sanction certainty and sanction severity were also found to have different effects across situations. We conclude by presenting implications for IS security practitioners and suggestions for future research.
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Dalton-Puffer, Christiane, and Ute Smit. "Content and Language Integrated Learning: A research agenda." Language Teaching 46, no. 4 (September 24, 2013): 545–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444813000256.
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While Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has received a considerable amount of research interest lately, its increasing popularity as an approach to teaching content subjects in a foreign language requires concerted investigation that reflects and recognises its fundamentally contextualised nature. In this contribution, we sketch various tasks that require localised, often action research, covering a range of areas highly relevant to CLIL realities, but so far underrepresented in the literature. These are, firstly, policy issues, comprising policy statements as well as stakeholders’ perceptions of CLIL and its success; secondly, classroom discourse as the prime site for the investigation of CLIL practices and their implications for the learning process; and, thirdly, classroom pedagogy, with the focus on potential differences between CLIL and non-CLIL settings.
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Mansaray, Bintu, Laura Dean, Phil Tubb, Kunhi Lakshmi Josyula, Linet Okoth, Ivy Chumo, Jane Waritu, et al. "Implications of COVID-19 for safeguarding in international development research: learning, action and reflection from a research hub." BMJ Global Health 7, no. 5 (May 2022): e008122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-008122.
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COVID-19 brings uncertainties and new precarities for communities and researchers, altering and amplifying relational vulnerabilities (vulnerabilities which emerge from relationships of unequal power and place those less powerful at risk of abuse and violence). Research approaches have changed too, with increasing use of remote data collection methods. These multiple changes necessitate new or adapted safeguarding responses. This practice piece shares practical learnings and resources on safeguarding from the Accountability for Informal Urban Equity hub, which uses participatory action research, aiming to catalyse change in approaches to enhancing accountability and improving the health and well-being of marginalised people living and working in informal urban spaces in Bangladesh, India, Kenya and Sierra Leone. We outline three new challenges that emerged in the context of the pandemic (1): exacerbated relational vulnerabilities and dilemmas for researchers in responding to increased reports of different forms of violence coupled with support services that were limited prior to the pandemic becoming barely functional or non-existent in some research sites, (2) the increased use of virtual and remote research methods, with implications for safeguarding and (3) new stress, anxiety and vulnerabilities experienced by researchers. We then outline our learning and recommended action points for addressing emerging challenges, linking practice to the mnemonic ‘the four Rs: recognise, respond, report, refer’. COVID-19 has intensified safeguarding risks. We stress the importance of communities, researchers and co-researchers engaging in dialogue and ongoing discussions of power and positionality, which are important to foster co-learning and co-production of safeguarding processes.
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Zhao, Huili. "An Overview of Research on Family Language Planning." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 8, no. 5 (May 1, 2018): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0805.11.
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Family language planning is part of the micro-fields of linguistic policy and language planning. As for more and more children grow up in a bilingual or multilingual environment. We view the family as an important social linguistic environment. This paper briefly expounds the theory of micro language planning and focuses on the family language planning. And in this paper, the importance of family language planning, influenced factors and implications on family language planning are examined in depth. The development of foreign language education in family language planning also should be put into action positively.
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Evans, John Grimley. "Implications for health services." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 352, no. 1363 (December 29, 1997): 1887–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1997.0175.
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Health services for older people in the NHS have developed pragmatically, and reflect the nature of disease in later life and the need to agree objectives of care with patients. Although services are likely to be able to cope with the immediate future, the growth of the elderly population anticipated from 2030 calls for long–term planning and research. The issue of funding requires immediate political thought and action. Scientifically the focus needs to be on maximizing the efficiency of services by health services research and reducing the incidence of disability in later life through research on its biological and social determinants. Senescence is a progressive loss of adaptability due to an interaction between intrinsic (genetic) processes with extrinsic factors in environment and lifestyle. There are grounds for postulating that a policy of postponement of the onset of disability, by modifications of lifestyle and environment, could reduce the average duration of disability before death. The new political structures of Europe offer underexploited–unexploited opportunities for the necessary research.
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Kim, Soyoung. "Integration of Policy Decision Making for Sustainable Land Use within Cities." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 17, 2021): 10390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810390.
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Local land use policies can shape the sustainability of urban systems, but integrated land use at the local level is challenging since it requires the coordination of multiple semi-independent agencies within cities to effectively address collective actions problems and overcome functional divisions. Although this problem is widely acknowledged, systematic examination of what factors are related to internal coordination of land use functions is lacking. This research investigates what influences the extent to which cities coordinate across functional areas to promote integrative land use decision making. I address this question by first describing a conceptual framework drawing from institutional collective action (ICA) perspectives to understand internal city collaboration across policy functions. I then advance explanations linking institutions and community characteristics to the degree of coordination in municipal land use. Using a 2015 survey of 1124 U.S. cities, I test the hypothesized relationships based on the functional institutional collective action framework. The findings reveal that political institutions, city operation of utilities, elected officials support, and fiscal capacity increase coordination. In conclusion the implications of the findings for theory and land use planning research are discussed.
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Hakkennes, Sharon, Ross Arblaster, and Kim Lim. "Improving the accuracy of admitted subacute clinical costing: an action research approach." Australian Health Review 41, no. 4 (2017): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15063.
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Objective The aim of the present study was to determine whether action research could be used to improve the breadth and accuracy of clinical costing data in an admitted subacute setting Methods The setting was a 100-bed in-patient rehabilitation centre. Using a pre-post study design all admitted subacute separations during the 2011–12 financial year were eligible for inclusion. An action research framework aimed at improving clinical costing methodology was developed and implemented. Results In all, 1499 separations were included in the study. A medical record audit of a random selection of 80 separations demonstrated that the use of an action research framework was effective in improving the breadth and accuracy of the costing data. This was evidenced by a significant increase in the average number of activities costed, a reduction in the average number of activities incorrectly costed and a reduction in the average number of activities missing from the costing, per episode of care. Conclusions Engaging clinicians and cost centre managers was effective in facilitating the development of robust clinical costing data in an admitted subacute setting. Further investigation into the value of this approach across other care types and healthcare services is warranted. What is known about this topic? Accurate clinical costing data is essential for informing price models used in activity-based funding. In Australia, there is currently a lack of robust admitted subacute cost data to inform the price model for this care type. What does this paper add? The action research framework presented in this study was effective in improving the breadth and accuracy of clinical costing data in an admitted subacute setting. What are the implications for practitioners? To improve clinical costing practices, health services should consider engaging key stakeholders, including clinicians and cost centre managers, in reviewing clinical costing methodology. Robust clinical costing data has the potential to be used beyond mandatory reporting requirements; however, health services need to balance the cost of improving their costing data with the additional value obtained from that data.
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Kottak, Conrad, and Alberto Costa. "Ecological Awareness, Environmentalist Action, and International Conservation Strategy1." Human Organization 52, no. 4 (December 1, 1993): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.52.4.t51031236868824q.
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This paper describes ongoing research on environmental risk perception and action in Brazil and Madagascar, with implications for other world areas. The research is rooted in our belief that people will not act to preserve the environment if they perceive no threats to it. But risk perception does not guarantee action. Reducing environmental threats and conserving scarce resources are appropriate goals-from global, national, long-run, and even local perspectives. Still, environmental policy must be implemented in the short run and in local communities. If traditional resources and products are to be destroyed, removed, or placed off limits they must be replaced with culturally appropriate and satisfactory alternatives.
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Faling, Marijn, Robbert Biesbroek, Sylvia Karlsson-Vinkhuyzen, and Katrien Termeer. "Policy entrepreneurship across boundaries: a systematic literature review." Journal of Public Policy 39, no. 2 (February 15, 2018): 393–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x18000053.
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AbstractAlthough policy entrepreneurs are assigned an important role in crossing policy boundaries and addressing complex problems, our understanding of the process is limited. This article systematically reviews 51 studies on conditions, strategies and implications of crossboundary entrepreneurship. Findings show that (1) the literature predominantly mentions issue promotion and coalition-building as crossboundary strategies; (2) vertical boundary-crossing is discussed more frequently than horizontal boundary-crossing; (3) the most reported boundary-crossing function is to expand issue arenas; (4) conditions that enable crossboundary strategies include institutional overlap, issue interpretation, power vacuum, overruling policies and lacking resources; and (5) implications of entrepreneurship include raised opposition, increased competition over leadership, augmented complexity hindering collective action, raised costs and resources, and issues regarding trust, legitimacy and authority. Policy entrepreneurship allows for micro-level insights in the emergence of crossboundary processes. We suggest future research to focus on causal processes between conditions, strategies and implications to better understand their interplay.
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Kubuga, Kennedy Kumangkem, Daniel Azerikatoa Ayoung, and Stephen Bekoe. "Ghana’s ICT4AD policy: between policy and reality." Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance 23, no. 2 (June 16, 2021): 132–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dprg-02-2020-0020.
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Purpose Nearly at the end of its lifespan, the Ghana ICT4AD policy is in a position for a holistic view, especially through the eyes of the intended beneficiaries. This paper aims to fill that gap. The paper measures the gap between what was intended and what has been realised and, based on that, makes recommendations for stakeholders. Design/methodology/approach The research used the design reality gap analysis approach to numerically examine the deviation or otherwise of the ideals of the Ghana ICT4AD policy from or to the reality on the ground. It required the breaking down of the problem into dimensions and subdimensions and involved interviewing office holders, academics, practitioners and students over a three-year period. The recommendations include a review of the policy before it expires and an explicit designation of an agency responsible for coordination, monitoring and evaluation of the various stages of the policy. Findings The chief finding is that Ghana’s ICT4AD policy might miss the targets totally, or might well be a partial failure unless action is taken to close the design–reality gaps identified by the research. As the policy is almost at the end of its lifespan, recommendations are even more useful when the recommended revision takes place. Research limitations/implications The major limitation of the is that it looks only at the implementation success or failure without a probe into the causal factors and/or the impact on society. Practical implications The policy runs full term at end 2022, with large gaps between the plans of the framers and the reality on the ground. An immediate revision of the policy is most recommended. Originality/value Besides this study, the authors have not come across any such comprehensive study of the Ghana ICT4AD policy, especially with the amount of data now available after two decades. There is a similarity with a Pakistani study, which has been acknowledged in this study, but the two works differ greatly in methodology, context and style.
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Yagodin, Dmitry. "Policy implications of climate change denial: Content analysis of Russian national and regional news media." International Political Science Review 42, no. 1 (January 2021): 64–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192512120971149.
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This article investigates the policy implications of national and regional climate change denial in Russia. While in general Russia has lagged behind in its climate mitigation policy, its key fossil-fuel regions are actively responding to external initiatives and pressures. As the country generally lacks substantial climate policy initiatives, the focus of this study is on the symbolic policy reactions operationalized as the media coverage of climate change at the national and regional levels in Russia during 2017–2018. Following the theoretical perspective of disproportionate policy response, the analysis elaborates on one of the suggested causes of policy over and underreactions, namely, the level of public demand for policy action. The findings indicate potential for disproportionate policy response research to conceive of public demand in broader terms, distinguishing between local, national and international domains.
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Hordacre, Ann-Louise, Anne Taylor, Christy Pirone, and Robert J. Adams. "Assessing patient satisfaction: implications for South Australian public hospitals." Australian Health Review 29, no. 4 (2005): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah050439.
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This paper reports on the results from 2620 South Australians who participated in the 2003 Patient Evaluation of Hospital Services. Patients were found to be generally satisfied with the care, services and amenities provided, with a statewide overall score of 86.3. Satisfaction was lowest in the patients? assessment of their involvement in their own care and treatment. Three demographic factors (younger age, female sex or tertiary education) predicted lower levels of satisfaction in the multivariate analysis, whereas living with others, non-emergency admission or admission to smaller hospitals were found to predict higher satisfaction. Despite administrative and organisational difficulties, and limited current evidence of increased quality or satisfaction, it is considered important to continue satisfaction research with the goal of encouraging the development of action plans for improvement of care, services and amenities.
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Cohen, Jacob, and OiYan Poon. "Charter School “Miracle”? Youth Participatory Action Research and Education Reform in Post-Katrina New Orleans." AAPI Nexus Journal: Policy, Practice, and Community 9, no. 1-2 (2011): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36650/nexus9.1-2_143-150_cohenetal.
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This policy brief examines and identifies education disparities within the context of a much-touted New Orleans “charter school miracle.” After describing the Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) method employed at a local Vietnamese American youth organization in New Orleans, we summarize findings on inequalities in academic rigor and access to quality teaching, which suggest that charter school reforms are not bringing about an education “miracle” in post-Katrina New Orleans and that students of color, in particular, are inadequately served. The brief also discusses the potential implications of YPAR methods for asserting Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) perspectives and voices in ongoing education reform debates.
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Masdeu Yelamos, Gerard, Catherine Carty, and Aisling Clardy. "Sport." Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal 9, no. 4 (September 9, 2019): 315–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbm-10-2018-0090.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine current momentum in the sport policy arena congruent with the sustainable development agenda. It presents two consensus frameworks endorsed by the UN that provide mechanism for coherent action to 2030. With a human rights backdrop it outlines the role of organisations operating in the domains of physical education, physical activity and sport (PEPAS), promoting multidisciplinary partnerships and aligning to global agendas that enhance health and well-being for all. Design/methodology/approach This position paper is a narrative literature review reporting on the status of sports policy frameworks in the UN system of relevance to the sport sector generally. It relates these to research evidence on the interlinkage between sport, human rights, health and well-being based on critical literature. Findings The advent of the Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development, the Kazan Action Plan, the WHO Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018–2030 and allied developments across the sports movement provides an opportunity for revisiting and realigning the definitions and policy objectives of sport and health. Research limitations/implications The author’s bias as a UNESCO chair towards UN frameworks is acknowledged as is leniency towards physical education, PEPAS. Practical implications Multilateral agencies, health and sport authorities, are encouraged to review and leverage their resources and engage with the call for action of global agendas to improve public health. Originality/value This paper presents the global policy backdrop for action and investment in inclusive sport, physical education and physical activity. It presents a fresh new health and well-being perspective aligned to wider interdisciplinary agendas, on which sport organisations can make a significant contribution.
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Benjamin-Thomas, Tanya Elizabeth, Ann Marie Corrado, Colleen McGrath, Debbie Laliberte Rudman, and Carri Hand. "Working Towards the Promise of Participatory Action Research: Learning From Ageing Research Exemplars." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 17, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 160940691881795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1609406918817953.
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Within research addressing issues of social justice, there is a growing uptake of participatory action research (PAR) approaches that are ideally committed to equitable participation of community members in all phases of the research process in order to collaboratively enact social transformation. However, the utilization of such approaches has not always matched the ideal, with inconsistencies in how participation and action are incorporated. “Participation” within various research processes is displayed differently, with the involvement of community members varying from full participation to their involvement as simply participants for data collection. Similarly, “action” is varyingly enacted from researchers proposing research implications for policy and practice to the meaningful involvement of community members in facilitating social change. This inconsistency in how PAR is utilized, despite widespread publications outlining key principles and central tenets, suggests there are challenges preventing researchers from fully embracing and enacting the central tenets of equitable participation and social transformation. This article intends to provide one way forward, for scholars intending to more fully enact the central tenets of PAR, through critically discussing how, and to what extent, the principles of PAR were enacted within 14 key exemplars of PAR conducted with older adults. More specifically, we display and discuss key principles for enacting the full commitment of PAR, highlight a critical appraisal guide, critically analyze exemplars, and share strategies that researchers have used to address these commitments. The critical appraisal guide and associated research findings provide useful directions for researchers who desire to more fully embrace commitments and practices commensurate with enacting the promise of PAR for equitable collaboration and social transformation.
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Phillipson, Chris. "“Fuller” or “extended” working lives: a critical commentary." Quality in Ageing and Older Adults 15, no. 4 (December 8, 2014): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qaoa-09-2014-0017.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to, first, provide some background to the treatment of older workers; second, highlight the distinction between a “fuller” and an “extended” working life; third, note the importance of separating out different groups within the category “older worker”; finally, identify areas for action to suppose those now facing working into their 60s and beyond. Design/methodology/approach – Commentary paper analysing development of policies towards older workers. Findings – This paper identifies problems implementing policy of extending working and provides various areas of action to support older workers. Research limitations/implications – This paper suggests extending work unlikely to be achieved without ensuring greater security for older workers. Practical implications – Importance of developing more support for older workers. Social implications – Challenge of resolving insecurity in the labour force as an impediment to extended working. Originality/value – This paper outlines a critical assessment of current government policy towards older workers.
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Ankjærgaard, Simon Kratholm, Ivan Christensen, Peter Preben Ege, Nanna W. Gotfredsen, Jørgen Kjær, Michael Lodberg Olsen, and Kaj Lykke Majlund. "From civil disobedience to drug users’ well-being: grass-roots activity and the establishment of drug consumption rooms in Denmark." Drugs and Alcohol Today 15, no. 3 (September 7, 2015): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dat-03-2015-0007.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide contextual information around the grass-roots activities which resulted in legislation allowing the opening of drug consumption rooms in Denmark. This background has not been included in, e.g. the annual Danish Focal Point reports to the EMCDDA. Design/methodology/approach – An account by some of those involved on the grass-roots and political activities which resulted in the enabling changes in law and the provision of building-based drug consumption rooms in Denmark. Findings – The actions described originated in a concern for the health and well-being of drug users. That grass-roots action can act as a catalyst for political changes in social policy to take account of the situations and needs of socially marginalised groups. Research limitations/implications – The paper describes the sequence of grass-roots actions from the point of view of those involved. It does not seek to represent the views of those opposed to the activists’ aims. Practical implications – The use of international evidence to support policy and legal changes in one nation, Denmark, in order to improve conditions for drug users. The need for funding commitments to support and realise the legal and policy changes. Social implications – The success of long-term campaigning on behalf of a specific marginalised and socially excluded group of citizens and the countering of myths and stigma associated with this group. Originality/value – This is a unique account told by those directly involved of the social and campaigning processes which led to a change in the law and a shifting of popular and political opinion and action.
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Reese, LeRoy E., Glenda Wrenn, Shemeka Dawson, Sharon Rachel, and Yvonne Kirkland. "Commentary: Collaborative Action on Child Equity: Lessons from the Field." Ethnicity & Disease 29, Supp2 (June 13, 2019): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.29.s2.365.
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The Collaborative Action on Child Equity (CACE) pursued child-focused program and policy research through the Morehouse School of Medicine’s Transdisciplinary Collaborative Center (TCC). CACE engaged with partners representing 13 states in the United States to implement the Smart and Secure Children Parent Leadership Program (SSC) and to develop local child-focused Policy Action Plans. The objectives of SSC are to support the development of parental agency and leadership in order to achieve positive health and academic readiness among school-aged children. Of the 13 partners, 9 were able to successfully implement SSC, with more than 350 parent-peer learners completing the program. Additionally, several partners were able to successfully develop Policy Action Plans. We discuss our efforts to bring SSC to scale in a national replication effort and to build policy development, implementation and evaluation capacity in organizations serving children and families. We highlight lessons learned in this replication effort and consider their implications for revisions to our training protocols, recruitment and implementation strategies, methods for providing technical assistance and evaluation models. SSC has demonstrated encouraging efficacy results, was developed using community-based participatory research methods and, as such, the lessons learned are critical for how we engage diverse communities to advance positive child development and academic success.Ethn Dis.2019;29(Suppl 2):365-370. doi:10.18865/ed.29.S2.365
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Hussein, Hussein Ahmed, and Khanaf Ismail Mustafa. "The Implications of Monetary Policy in the Reform of the Iraqi Banking Sector." Iraqi Administrative Sciences Journal 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 203–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33013/iqasj.v1n2y2017.pp203-220.
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The financial and banking reform in the creation of capable financial system to mobilize financial resources (local and even international) and reallocation and efficiency of the service of economic activity in order to achieve high and sustained rates of economic growth, and go out that reform in the modernization and deepening and strengthening of all units of the financial sector, as well as bring about changes large in the nature of the banking industry and restructuring in Iraq for the purpose of mobilizing domestic savings and reduce the phenomenon of migrant capital in addition to the possibility of attracting part of the foreign investment flows. . . And it embodied the reform process in the process of liberalization of the sector, so as to cope with the financial and banking world development which are mainly based on freedom from restrictions and obstacles, and increasing competition between banks, and the use of technology advanced communications and information, as well as the decisions of the Basel Committee in order to work within international standards for banks, raising its capacity international competitiveness in international action. It came the idea of research that theoretically made a presentation to the march of the Iraqi banking system and visions of the financial and banking reform with a statement of justification for reform, and the most important conclusions of the research:
The first strike on the Iraqi monetary and fiscal policy when Iraq agreed to the provisions of paragraph (25 (of the memorandum of understanding, paragraph (7) of the action plan and thus the order of the debts owed by Iraq hundreds of billions of dollars from various countries of the world. 2. Inflation led to a continuous rise in the currency of 23 billion dinars in 1991 to about 30 trillion dinars at the beginning of 2015.
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Corrado, Ann Marie, Tanya Elizabeth Benjamin-Thomas, Colleen McGrath, Carri Hand, and Debbie Laliberte Rudman. "Participatory Action Research With Older Adults: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis." Gerontologist 60, no. 5 (July 2, 2019): e413-e427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz080.
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Abstract Background and Objectives Given population aging, the meaningful involvement of older adults in influencing policy and programs through participatory action research (PAR) is increasingly vital. PAR holds promise for equitable participation, co-learning, community mobilization, and personal and social transformation, however, little scholarly attention has been given to critically evaluating how PAR has been taken up with older adults. The objective of this review was to critically evaluate the use of PAR with older adults. Research Design and Methods A critical interpretive synthesis (CIS) of 40 PAR studies with older adults was conducted. Critical engagement with the articles identified dominant tendencies, limits of these tendencies, and proposed ways forward. Results Within the majority of articles reviewed, older adults were not prominent partners in PAR given their often limited involvement in designing the research questions, learning research skills and knowledge, and implementing findings for change. Furthermore, power differentials between researchers and older adults were evident, as older adults were often positioned as participants rather than partners. Finally, this article demonstrates various boundaries on the foci of studies related to inclusivity and sustainability. Discussion and Implications This study revealed that the promises PAR holds are often not fully realized in projects with older adults, given that they are rarely positioned as equitable partners, co-learners, or agents for change. The findings have the potential to stimulate further uptake of PAR research with an older adult population, highlighting areas for change in systems and research practices.
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Nugus, Peter, Jean-Louis Denis, and Denis Chênevert. "Governance and coordination in health care: organic processes and structural capacity." Journal of Health Organization and Management 33, no. 7/8 (November 7, 2019): 757–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-09-2019-0284.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to articulate cutting-edge conceptions of the relationship between local processes in the here-and-now, and the broader influences on those processes, that are both organic and overtly designed, and to discern the implications of this relationship for future research, policy and practice. Design/methodology/approach A focused and structured approach was taken to give effect to this purpose by reviewing the chosen articles in this collection, which from the 2018 Organizational Behavior in Health Care conference papers. Findings Research in coordination within and across health care boundaries increasingly recognizes: the multilevel influences on human action and interaction in health care delivery; the challenge of balancing individual or local agency with overt interventions; the everchanging the local circumstances of healthcare delivery; and the need to foster reflexivity, that is, self-improvement capacity, in healthcare organizations. Research limitations/implications Interventions to improve care coordination must be grounded in the reality of changing local circumstances and incentives for action from the broader environment. Originality/value This paper articulates the implied tension in health care delivery between individual and local agency, and imposed structures that may contradict, but are at the same time necessary, to foster such agency.
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Juravich, Matthew, and Brian M. Mills. "Exogenous Policy Shock and Logic Centrality Shift: NBA Policy and NCAA Outcomes." Journal of Sport Management 31, no. 5 (September 1, 2017): 452–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2016-0335.
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This study integrates the literature on organizational fields and logics of action with the sport management and economics literature by investigating the impact of an exogenous shock on talent distribution in the field of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division 1 men’s basketball. We examine data related to human resource entry and exit through the lens of the National Basketball Association’s one-and-done rule and its subsequent impact on competitive balance among National Collegiate Athletic Association Division 1 men’s basketball programs. Hypotheses are tested in relation to pre- and postshock talent dispersion and competitive balance employing an interdisciplinary econometric approach to evaluate management-driven outcomes. Broadly, we find improvements in balance and a broader distribution of player talent among schools comprising larger conferences, whereas smaller conferences experienced reductions or no changes in balance. Implications are discussed and future directions for integrated institutional theory and sport management research are suggested.
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Tabatadze, Shalva, and Natia Gorgadze. "Affirmative action policy in admissions system of higher education of post-Soviet Georgia." Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education 9, no. 3 (July 3, 2017): 363–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jarhe-03-2016-0020.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore affirmative action policy in higher education (HE) admissions in post-Soviet Georgia. Design/methodology/approach The study analyzed the effectiveness of the quota system from the perspective of the “minority rights protection” and “diversity” paradigms. The study used content analysis, focus group discussions, and interviews research methods. Findings Research revealed several important patterns: the problems of minority education are associated with academic achievements as well as social integration; although the importance of diversity is evident in the Government of Georgia, the benefits of diversity are not realized fully through affirmative action policies in institutions of HE. The authors have argued that the shift from the “minority rights protection” to the “diversity” paradigm is necessary to solve minority students’ existing problems and to benefit from the positive effects of diversity on academic and democratic outcomes for all students. Practical implications The findings of this study have practical importance. They can be used for the implementation of the affirmative action policy in HE admissions system of Georgia. Originality/value The paper is based on original research conducted in Georgia and the study contributes to the development of the field of multicultural and minority education in Georgia.
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Meerow, Sara, and Fabian G. Neuner. "Positively Resilient? How Framing Local Action Affects Public Opinion." Urban Affairs Review 57, no. 1 (February 17, 2020): 70–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078087420905655.
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Cities face numerous environmental challenges. Local governments need the public’s support to tackle these problems, and scholars and practitioners have suggested that framing initiatives around resilience, as opposed to sustainability, reducing vulnerability, or adaptation, may increase public support for local action. Resilience, they argue, has a better social connotation, is more positive, and less polarizing than related concepts. Empirical evidence supporting these claims is lacking. In three online survey experiments, we test whether the public is more likely to support policies when they are framed in terms of “resilience.” We also examine public conceptualizations of these different terms and whether resilience has a more positive connotation. We find significant differences in policy support, perceived importance, and interpretations of the concepts. The study confirms that framing affects policy support, but complicates claims that resilience is inherently more appealing. These findings have implications for urban research and policymaking.
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Price Azano, Amy, and Darris R. Means. "Rethinking Equity and Justice in Rural Organizations: Implications for Policy and Practice." Rural Educator 43, no. 1 (February 18, 2022): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35608/ruraled.v43i1.1359.
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This qualitative study examines the progress of a rural New Jersey school in addressing longstanding racial conflict after implementing a Youth Participatory Action Research project two years prior. Here we take up the thread as students continued to develop activities meant to increase awareness of ongoing issues, and as adults used professional development time to model best practices in managing racialized interactions. Eight teachers and staff not originally involved and nine students who had been directly involved were interviewed and a student focus group conducted. All participants agreed that progress had been made though issues around curriculum and discipline remained. Both the adults and the students engaged in considerable self-reflection about their roles. Adults reported the impact of hearing the students’ voices on school practices, and students discussed how their roles as researchers and peer leaders had contributed to their standing as experts.
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Clark, Marnie, Rebecca Davidson, Vanessa Hanrahan, and Norman E. Taylor. "Public trust in policing: A global search for the genetic code to inform policy and practice in Canada." Journal of Community Safety and Well-Being 2, no. 3 (December 22, 2017): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.35502/jcswb.57.
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The Executive Global Studies Program is an experiential and research-driven learning model for succession-ready police leaders and related executives across Canada, operating since 2003. Its research themes for each cohort are assigned by the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police (CACP). Nominees are each named and funded by their respective agencies with a view to informing domestic public policy and practice, while also providing a developmental framework for building global networks, shared geo-political awareness, and advanced executive competencies among the police leadership community. The program’s tenth cohort completed a 15-country study on the subject of public trust in policing, and they recently presented their summarized research results to the CACP for consideration and action. In this paper, these results are summarized and discussed for their potential implications for policy, practice, and continuing study. The primary focus of these authors, all of whom are Global 2017 team members, is to trace and explain the qualitative research process applied by their full cohort as they uncovered and conceived what the team ultimately characterized as ‘the genetic code of public trust’, a new grounded theory meant to inform and guide those continuing policy and practice considerations in Canada and beyond.
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Kuek, Chee Ying. "The legal implications of prenatal diagnosis in Malaysia." F1000Research 10 (July 1, 2022): 1103. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.73231.2.
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Background: Prenatal diagnosis enables detection of any disease or disability of the fetus during the pregnancy of a woman. Parents whose fetus is found to have a serious disorder from antenatal testing may terminate the pregnancy if it is permitted by the law or continue with the pregnancy to term. However, the chance of terminating a pregnancy may be denied if there is prenatal negligence by the medical practitioner in terms of diagnosis or failure to advise on the test results correctly. The purpose of this research is to examine the possible legal implications of prenatal diagnosis in Malaysia. Methods: This study adopts doctrinal legal research in which the researcher examines statutes and decided cases in Malaysia, the United Kingdom (UK) and Singapore relating to abortion, wrongful birth and wrongful life claims, in order to determine the legal implications of prenatal diagnosis in Malaysia. Results: In Malaysia, abortion following a prenatal diagnosis is only legally possible if the statutory criteria in the Penal Code are met. Abortion is illegal if it is not done for therapeutic purposes. A wrongful birth action brought by a woman who claims to be deprived of the opportunity to terminate her pregnancy may be successful in Malaysia, if it can be proven that a legal abortion could have been performed if not because of the prenatal negligence of the medical practitioner. However, a wrongful life action brought in the child’s name for being allowed to be born with a disability may not be viable since the claim could hardly be established and it is against the public policy. Conclusions: Theoretically, it is possible to bring a wrongful birth action resulted from negligence in prenatal diagnosis successfully in Malaysia, but the chance is relatively slim for wrongful life action.
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Kuek, Chee Ying. "The legal implications of prenatal diagnosis in Malaysia." F1000Research 10 (September 16, 2022): 1103. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.73231.3.
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Background: Prenatal diagnosis enables detection of any disease or disability of the fetus during the pregnancy of a woman. Parents whose fetus is found to have a serious disorder from antenatal testing may terminate the pregnancy if it is permitted by the law or continue with the pregnancy to term. However, the chance of terminating a pregnancy may be denied if there is prenatal negligence by the medical practitioner in terms of diagnosis or failure to advise on the test results correctly. The purpose of this research is to examine the possible legal implications of prenatal diagnosis in Malaysia. Methods: This study adopts doctrinal legal research in which the researcher examines statutes and decided cases in Malaysia, the United Kingdom (UK) and Singapore relating to abortion, wrongful birth and wrongful life claims, in order to determine the legal implications of prenatal diagnosis in Malaysia. Results: In Malaysia, abortion following a prenatal diagnosis is only legally possible if the statutory criteria in the Penal Code are met. Abortion is illegal if it is not done for therapeutic purposes. A wrongful birth action brought by a woman who claims to be deprived of the opportunity to terminate her pregnancy may be successful in Malaysia, if it can be proven that a legal abortion could have been performed if not because of the prenatal negligence of the medical practitioner. However, a wrongful life action brought in the child’s name for being allowed to be born with a disability may not be viable since the claim could hardly be established and it is against the public policy. Conclusions: Theoretically, it is possible to bring a wrongful birth action resulted from negligence in prenatal diagnosis successfully in Malaysia, but the chance is relatively slim for wrongful life action.
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Kuek, Chee Ying. "The legal implications of prenatal diagnosis in Malaysia." F1000Research 10 (November 1, 2021): 1103. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.73231.1.
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Background: Prenatal diagnosis enables detection of any disease or disability of the fetus during the pregnancy of a woman. Parents whose fetus is found to have a serious disorder from antenatal testing may terminate the pregnancy if it is permitted by the law or continue with the pregnancy to term. However, the chance of terminating a pregnancy may be denied if there is prenatal negligence by the medical practitioner in terms of diagnosis or failure to advise on the test results correctly. The purpose of this research is to examine the possible legal implications of prenatal diagnosis in Malaysia. Methods: This study adopts doctrinal legal research in which the researcher examines statutes and decided cases in Malaysia, the United Kingdom (UK) and Singapore relating to abortion, wrongful birth and wrongful life claims, in order to determine the legal implications of prenatal diagnosis in Malaysia. Results: In Malaysia, abortion following a prenatal diagnosis is only legally possible if the statutory criteria in the Penal Code are met. Abortion is illegal if it is not done for therapeutic purposes. A wrongful birth action brought by a woman who claims to be deprived of the opportunity to terminate her pregnancy may be successful in Malaysia, if it can be proven that a legal abortion could have been performed if not because of the prenatal negligence of the medical practitioner. However, a wrongful life action brought in the child’s name for being allowed to be born with a disability may not be viable since the claim could hardly be established and it is against the public policy. Conclusions: Theoretically, it is possible to bring a wrongful birth action resulted from negligence in prenatal diagnosis successfully in Malaysia, but the chance is relatively slim for wrongful life action.
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Warwick, Robert James, Adam Palmer, and Janet McCray. "Action learning: ripples within and beyond the set." Leadership in Health Services 30, no. 2 (May 2, 2017): 138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhs-10-2016-0049.
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Purpose This paper aims to explore the impact of action learning (AL) on an individual and an organisation, particularly the process by which each affected the other. The organisation is a UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust that includes two hospitals. Design/methodology/approach This is a single person case study involving a clinician, but the voice of an author can also be heard. It involves the experience of the individual as they experience AL as part of a leadership development programme leading to a postgraduate certificate. The authors explain their caution of the case study approach and in doing so offer their thoughts in how this paper could be read and impact on practice. Findings The authors show a process whereby an AL set participant moves from being confident about their project to one of uncertainty as the impact of the project ripples throughout the organisation. Through this process of unsettlement, the individual’s unnoticed assumptions are explored in ways that enable practical action to be taken. In doing so, the individual’s leadership and identity developed. Research limitations/implications This is a single person case study in one organisation, thus affecting wider generalisation. Originality/value This single case study contributes to the debate on critical AL and the use of AL in the NHS.
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Suter, Jesse C., Michael F. Giangreco, and Susan A. D. Bruhl. "Special Education Personnel Absences in Inclusion-Oriented Schools: Implications for Building Effective Service Delivery Models." Remedial and Special Education 41, no. 6 (August 6, 2019): 341–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0741932519865617.
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This study explored relationships between special education personnel absences and demographic, policy, and practice variables to identify potential actions that could increase access to qualified personnel and continuity of instruction. Findings from 51 inclusion-oriented schools indicated that special educators and special education paraprofessionals were absent 12 days per year on average. Special educator absences were correlated with variables amenable to action by school leaders including special educator school density (i.e., ratio of special educators in full-time equivalents to total school enrollment) and special services concentration (i.e., ratio of special educators to special education paraprofessionals in full-time equivalents). Special education paraprofessional absences were not correlated with these variables. Implications for practice and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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Woodhams, Carol, and Ben Lupton. "Transformative and emancipatory potential of intersectionality research." Gender in Management: An International Journal 29, no. 5 (July 1, 2014): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gm-12-2013-0139.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to contribute to the debates of “doing” intersectionality in practice. The authors explore two of the primary approaches to researching from an intersectional perspective with the intention of critically reviewing the emancipatory potential of each. They argue for plurality and diversity of approaches in working toward a shared emancipatory goal. Design/methodology/approach – The authors set up the debate via an exploration of emancipatory research principles. Based on their research experience the authors then critically reflect on the approaches to intersectionality research from the social constructionist and critical realist perspectives. Findings – The authors find that both approaches to intersectionality research have benefits and limitations in achieving emancipation for disadvantaged people in organizations. A critical realist approach underpinned by quantitative analysis of patterns within fixed multiple identity categories offers a convincing emancipatory case which can stimulate management action. However, it does not give prominence to the dynamic and political nature of the construction of “difference” in organizations. Social constructionist approaches address this weakness, but the wider patterns of disadvantage tend to have less prominence in the analysis. Accordingly, the policy implications can be less clear and the case for action less convincing. Research limitations/implications – The authors provide material that contributes to debates of how to “do” intersectionality as a method. They acknowledge limitations in their argument supporting a critical realist approach from both methodological and emancipatory perspectives. Originality/value – They call for consideration of pluralism in research approaches to exploit the emancipatory potential of diverse forms of research.
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Monllor, Javier, and Nezih Altay. "Discovering opportunities in necessity: the inverse creative destruction effect." Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 23, no. 1 (February 15, 2016): 274–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsbed-10-2014-0172.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the changes in perceptions and actions taken on post-disaster entrepreneurial opportunities. Design/methodology/approach – Utilizing worldwide data on natural disasters (EMDAT) and entrepreneurial perceptions (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)), the authors apply analysis of covariance to compare entrepreneurial opportunity perceptions and actions before and after a disaster took place. Findings – The study found that natural disasters have a significant and positive impact on entrepreneurial opportunity perceptions and actions but not on perceptions of self-efficacy, fear of failure and entrepreneurial intentions. Research limitations implications – One limitation of the study is the use of the secondary data. While the GEM data as well as the EMDAT data are country specific, disasters usually have a direct impact on a region of a country rather than affecting the whole country’s behavior. Practical implications – The results hold important policy implications. The fact that disasters increase entrepreneurial action implies that local government institutions should include entrepreneurial action as part of the post-disaster recovery process. By providing assistance and access to resources, government institutions could further increase entrepreneurial action and could increase the number of opportunities perceived by individuals which would lead to new and innovative businesses, in addition to the rebuilding of pre-existing firms. Originality/value – Natural disasters are frequently considered to be the cause of small business failures or an obstacle to their performance, while simultaneously thought to be a vital component of post-disaster reconstruction. To date, few researchers have attempted to understand the impact of these events on entrepreneurial tendencies, behaviors and activities, even though the authors barely understand how they could serve as a source of entrepreneurial opportunity and innovation. This research is one of the first attempts to shed some light into this interesting and important phenomenon.