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Bernel, Rene Teruko. "Examination of the Implementation of a Mandated Attendance Policy in Ohio School Districts in the Midst of COVID-19." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu162453189056093.
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McNeil, Francis Henry. "How does the machine work? : an examination of the policy implementation process and its application to the Massachusetts right to know law." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/75976.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning; and, (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1986.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH
Bibliography: leaves 159-160.
by Francis Henry McNeil, Jr.
M.C.P.
M.S.
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Ahmed, A. M. "Examination of the public policy in process in Libya." Thesis, University of Salford, 2013. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/29405/.
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Although the study of public policy and the policy process, as an academic and distinctive area, has received much attention in the West, it is still far from being the case in the Arab states, including Libya. Indeed, the policy process in Libya is still ill-defined and not well documented, and there is also an absence of detailed research work related to the policy process in the Libyan context. Therefore, this study aims to examine the practice of the policy process in Libya and compare with the policy process as defined in the conceptual framework developed from the Western literature. Policy initiation, formulation, implementation and evaluation were typically identified as the principal processes. Each of these was examined as a distinctive type of government activity in order to get a better understanding of how the Libyan government developed and put selected policies into effect, and took actions to implement them to bring policy outputs into existence. This was done by investigating the various activities and actors involved in each process so as to determine their characteristics and the factors affecting their effectiveness in achieving policy objectives. A case study was selected as an appropriate strategy for explorative and descriptive analysis. The main sources of evidence were provided by semi-structured interviews with key people from different policy areas and government agencies who have been involved in the policy process, supplemented by a literature and documents review to achieve a higher degree of validity and reliability of the research. Collected data was analysed using matrix format and cognitive mapping. The findings of this study have shown that the central planning has been adopted by the government as an appropriate method for policy planning and preparation. The policy process in Libya has experienced some defects due to certain internal and external factors. Internal factors mainly refer to the inappropriate selection of the implementation means, adoption of overambitious objectives, mismanagement, instability of the administrative structures, and insufficiency of some existing legislation in particular the one related to the national urban planning system. They also refer to the lack of feedback information as well as shortage of technology and professional skills in the policy implementation and evaluation. As for the external factors, they were concerned with the changing international oil markets and prices and the foreign sanctions that were imposed on Libya, all of which directly affected the implementation of the selected policies since they were largely financed from oil revenues.
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Longley, Carol H. "Examination of wellness policy formation and process in U.S. school districts." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
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Baldwin, Mark. "Constructing care management : policy implementation as a participative learning process." Thesis, University of Bath, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285339.
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This thesis is a record of research exploring the limitations to successful policy implementation. Using Community Care as the illustrative example, it asks what these limitations might be, casting a particular light on the part played by care managers, the front-line policy implementers responsible for "needs assessments" which is a key activity in the implementation of Community Care. There is a tension in care management between the influence of procedures and the degree of discretion necessary for needs assessment to be completed effectively. In what ways, then, are policy intentions affected by the activities of care managers? Community Care is an illustration of a public policy imposed by central government through a top-down process of implementation in what is argued as a rationalist endeavour to simplify the complexities of community care and reduce it to questions of technique and structure. This attempt to present a unified conceptualisation of community care is backed by managerial procedures referred to in the public management and policy literature as "managerialism". Social work practice theory provides a third example of the rationalist attempt to simplify processes involving complex social interactions. The limitations to rationalist explanations of community care implementation and the necessity for a different kind of analysis are explored. There is a parallel with the research methodologies employed for this research. The initial interviews were helpful in revealing the degree to which policy implementation was being thwarted by care managers, but this resistance was mirrored in their rejection of my interpretation of their practice. The common thread running through the normative approach to policy implementation, management, social work practice and research methodology is an adherence to positivist forms of knowledge. The implementation of Community Care raises questions of epistemology and ontology that undermine these powerful forms of knowledge. The claim is that a different epistemology suggests practices more likely to lead to effective outcomes. An organisational orientation to effectiveness is revealed in the degree to which outcome has become wedded to techniques of scientific rationalism. A service orientation would define outcome by the degree to which the needs of vulnerable adults were met through reflection upon key relationships. The first of these is an exercise in objectivity which is not well equipped to take account of the subjective experiences of practitioners exploring needs in relationship with vulnerable adults. The service orientation suggests an experiential and participative epistemology in which people engage in the process of learning and understanding most successfully when it is collaborative rather than imposed. The second phase of fieldwork was an experiment using a method built upon a participatory epistemology and gives the reader a glimpse of what might be possible in direct contrast to rationalist approaches. Work with two co-operative inquiry groups has led me to new understandings about the nature of learning for individuals and organisations. The thesis concludes that an effective learning environment facilitating positive and reflective use of discretion can be created through co-operative inquiry, although any approach would need to include other important participants, notably managers and service users, if it is to maximise its effectiveness in the long term.
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Hordern, James. "Higher education and higher skills : exploring the policy implementation process." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2012. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/17492/.
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The argument made by the Leitch report and subsequent government policy documents is that an improved supply of skills is central to national economic progress in the face of increasing competition amongst nation states for business investment. Over the period 2005-9 higher education institutions in England were encouraged by government departments and HEFCE to engage with an emerging higher skills policy, and commit to building their capacity to develop and deliver workforce development provision in collaboration with employers and Sector Skills Councils. This thesis explores the implementation of this policy with the aim of developing an analytical framework that can be used to explain processes of implementation in this specific policy environment, at the interface of ‘skills’ and ‘higher education’. The approach to implementation recognises the importance of interpreting the structural character of the policy environment, the influence of the prevailing norms of the higher education sector, and the manner in which processes at the ‘street level’ interpret and adapt policy to institutional context. The analytical process takes account of the insights of sociological institutionalism, Matland’s ambiguity-conflict model and the focus on belief and coalition formation in the Advocacy Coalition Framework, and makes use of a range of documentary and interview material. The approach is deliberately sceptical about the possibility of the development of an overarching implementation model, and instead focuses on the characterisation of key factors that are likely to influence the implementation process and outcomes in this specific policy environment. To that end, the analysis produced can find use as an insight into the process of policy implementation in higher education in the U.K., and provide an indication of how similar policies may be re(formed) in future contexts.
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陸慧冰 and Wai-bing Wanda Luk. "Abolition of the Municipal Councils: an examination to the policy making process." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31966925.
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Luk, Wai-bing Wanda. "Abolition of the Municipal Councils : an examination to the policy making process /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25138741.
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Dorman, Andrew Mark. "An examination of the formulation and implementation of British defence policy, 1979-89." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340560.
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This thesis seeks to examine the evolution of defence policy within the MoD during the period 1979-89. It focuses on the dynamics of policy formulation and implementation within the MoD at the highest level, taking into account the political context, both d~mestic and international, in which defence policy evolved. It shows how the different dimensions to policy: declaratory, military strategy and procurement, interacted with one another and concludes that no single dimension was dominant for the entire period. To undertake this task the thesis uses the concept of concentric time-cycles operating within the Ministry of Defence. This provides a means of understanding: firstly, the objectives and priorities of the various actors involved; and secondly, the areas of policy they were most able to influence. It gives a clear understanding of how policy evolved within the MoD over a specific period of time and the factors that lay behind these changes. In particular, it shows that the way in which the various actors thought was generally a reflection of the time-cycle they were in.
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Jeppsson, Anders. "Decentralization and national health policy implementation in Uganda - a problematic process /." Malmö : Lund University, 2004. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0613/2006401986.html.
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Hawes, Derek James. "Select committees : an examination of factors determining their influence on the policy process." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/d8be93d6-d33b-471b-a570-40a53477f5c5.
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Eckerberg, Katarina. "Environmental protection in Swedish forestry : a study of the implementation process." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 1987. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-62914.
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According to the Swedish Forestry Act, environmental protection is required within forest operations regardless of forest ownership. This thesis examines the extent to which regulations issued by the National Board of Forestry are implemented in clearcuttings. Different factors contributing to the outcome of environmental protection are analyzed both from a top-down and a bottom-up perspective. Empirically, the study combines field investigation of clearcuts, interviews with implementing actors, and evaluation of written prescriptions and advice on environmental protection. The Swedish forest-environmental legislation and implementation process is also compared to that of the U.S. and, especially, to the state of California . Conflicting goals within the Forestry Act and vague environmental guidelines leave the implementing agency officers with great discretion. Steering attempts by the Forestry Agency are in terms of friendly advice and information. No breaches of the regulations were taken to court during 1980-1986 although this is formally possible. There is an average compliance of approximately fifty per cent of the required environmental measures. Aesthetic values are taken into account to a greater extent than pure floristic and faunistic ones. Economic considerations and harvest technology contribute to a low degree of environmental protection. Forest machines are inadequately suited for protecting single, environmentally valuable trees and they frequently cause deep tracks. Inadequate environmental knowledge and insufficient pre-harvest environmental planning also affect environmental performance negatively. Generally, economic considerations contribute to the low priority to environmental protection given by the implementing actors compared to timber production. Economic inducements counteract environmental protection. It is generally rare that environmentalists and other public interests affected by forest operations are consulted. Environmentalists however influence indirectly through political pressure to legislate, participation in the consultation process before legislation is enacted, and mass-media attention.digitalisering@umu
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Kuti, Morakinyo A. O. "Effects of a Policy Development Process on Implementing an Equity-Based Policy." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4458.
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Unstable residential and inadequate academic environments lead to poor educational outcomes for low-income students in urban areas. In 2011, Ohio enacted a law to create a college preparatory boarding school (CPBS) for low-income students by 2013. However, Ohio's CPBS has not yet been established, thereby denying these students an opportunity to attain skills needed to enter college. Using the policy feedback theory (PFT) and Fredrickson's theory of social equity (SET) as foundations, the purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the nature of implementation barriers and propose solutions by exploring 2 successful CPBS programs in Maryland and Washington, D.C. The research questions focused on identifying implementation practices from the successful CPBS programs with the aim to propose options to implement Ohio's law. Data were collected from a purposeful sample of 14 participants which included 2 Ohio legislators; public administrators, Ohio (7), Maryland (1), Washington, D.C (3); and 1 Ohio union leader, and a review of relevant public and official records. All data were deductively coded and subjected to a constant comparison analysis. Results showed that Ohio's public education administrators were excluded from the CPBS policy's design, unlike their peers. Further, Ohio's CPBS law favored a particular stakeholder involved in its design and was not executed when Ohio's education administrators and the entity disagreed over public assets ownership. The findings affirmed SET's condition for an open and inclusive policy process and PFT's claim that current policies affect resources and the paradigm for new policies. Positive social change implications from this study include recommendations to Ohio's policymakers to create a more inclusive process involving parties willing to provide an effective learning environment for economically marginalized children.
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ca, rebecca schiff@mail mcgill, and Rebecca Schiff. "Food Policy Councils: An Examination of Organisational Structure, Process, and Contribution to Alternative Food Movements." Murdoch University, 2007. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20070906.103640.
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The contemporary global food system is plagued by a myriad of problems. In recognition of the problematic nature of the conventional food system, practitioners and researchers have sought, throughout the past century, alternative, sustainable food production, consumption, and exchange systems. Some of the solutions proposed for these problems suggest the establishment of new institutional forms such as that of the food policy council, an organisation which, through the embodiment of a food systems perspective, proposes innovative local and regional level solutions to food systems problems.
Over the past two decades numerous food policy councils (FPCs) have been created in North America and Australia. Research on FPCs still remains minimal, leaving many gaps in knowledge as to the role of these organisations concerning the ways that they can and do contribute to the sustainable development of food systems and alternative food movements. Research to date on the organisational structure of FPCs lacks consideration of organisation theory and the relatively substantial body of literature dealing with evaluation of collaborative, interagency organisations, an organisational type closely related to FPCs. There is a lack of consideration as to definition of the role of FPCs within the broader context of sustainable food systems movements and the procedures and protocol for effectiveness in achieving outcomes and fulfilling these roles.
Considering the significant gaps in knowledge, this research focusses on identifying a clear definition of the mission or roles of FPCs and investigates some of the previously unexplored organisational characteristics of FPCs as a foundation for identifying what may lead to best-practice organisational structure and process in fulfilling these roles. Since there is limited information and research to date specifically on FPCs, a qualitative and more specifically grounded theory approach was taken to provide an exploratory and reflexive research design framework. This design incorporated a continuous, interactive layering of data collection, classification, and analysis. Following a preliminary literature review, the inquiry focussed primarily on the gathering of information directly from FPCs involving several different types and sources of data.
Research findings revealed several aspects of food policy council objectives that can be considered together as defining the organisational role of FPCs. This provides a basis for determining the most effective administrative structure and operations management for fulfilling this role. Findings and analysis also indicated certain components of structure and process that can lead to effectiveness in terms of capacity building and fulfilling organisational roles. A model of FPC structure is developed and presented to summarise these findings, considering those components revealed through the research as contributing most to effective FPC operation. The development of this model from a broad and diverse representative sample, indicates that such modelling of structure and process may be applicable to transferring the concept of and creating FPCs in new locations.
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Schiff, Rebecca. "Food policy councils: an examination of organisational structure, process, and contribution to alternative food movements." Schiff, Rebecca (2007) Food policy councils: an examination of organisational structure, process, and contribution to alternative food movements. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/293/.
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The contemporary global food system is plagued by a myriad of problems. In recognition of the problematic nature of the conventional food system, practitioners and researchers have sought, throughout the past century, alternative, sustainable food production, consumption, and exchange systems. Some of the solutions proposed for these problems suggest the establishment of new institutional forms such as that of the food policy council, an organisation which, through the embodiment of a food systems perspective, proposes innovative local and regional level solutions to food systems problems.
Over the past two decades numerous food policy councils (FPCs) have been created in North America and Australia. Research on FPCs still remains minimal, leaving many gaps in knowledge as to the role of these organisations concerning the ways that they can and do contribute to the sustainable development of food systems and 'alternative food movements'. Research to date on the organisational structure of FPCs lacks consideration of organisation theory and the relatively substantial body of literature dealing with evaluation of collaborative, interagency organisations, an organisational type closely related to FPCs. There is a lack of consideration as to definition of the role of FPCs within the broader context of sustainable food systems movements and the procedures and protocol for effectiveness in achieving outcomes and fulfilling these roles.
Considering the significant gaps in knowledge, this research focusses on identifying a clear definition of the mission or roles of FPCs and investigates some of the previously unexplored organisational characteristics of FPCs as a foundation for identifying what may lead to 'best-practice' organisational structure and process in fulfilling these roles. Since there is limited information and research to date specifically on FPCs, a qualitative and more specifically grounded theory approach was taken to provide an exploratory and reflexive research design framework. This design incorporated a continuous, interactive layering of data collection, classification, and analysis. Following a preliminary literature review, the inquiry focussed primarily on the gathering of information directly from FPCs involving several different types and sources of data.
Research findings revealed several aspects of food policy council objectives that can be considered together as defining the organisational role of FPCs. This provides a basis for determining the most effective administrative structure and operations management for fulfilling this role. Findings and analysis also indicated certain components of structure and process that can lead to effectiveness in terms of capacity building and fulfilling organisational roles. A model of FPC structure is developed and presented to summarise these findings, considering those components revealed through the research as contributing most to effective FPC operation. The development of this model from a broad and diverse representative sample, indicates that such modelling of structure and process may be applicable to transferring the concept of and creating FPCs in new locations.
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Lin, Ying-Chun. "Sex trafficked women in Taiwan : an examination of the trafficking process and implications for policy." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1580.
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Research on the trafficking of women in Taiwan has hitherto largely explored the perceptions and roles of governmental officials and non governmental organisations. Very rarely has research focused on the lived experiences of women who have experienced sex trafficking, as reported by the women themselves. This thesis considers how sex trafficking operates in Taiwan through analysis of the current policy context and empirical data from semi structured interviews carried out with trafficked women and a number of key professionals working on combating sex trafficking in Taiwan. It outlines the processes of recruitment, transportation and coercion deployed in the trafficking process, and examines the similarities, as well as some differences, in the experiences of women who were smuggled into Taiwan or who came through `fake marriage', as well as those who came for `true marriage' or tourism. Mechanisms of control and regulation have been identified through analysis of the accounts of these women's experiences which provide a context for understanding their involvement in prostitution. The accounts of the women were contrasted with government policy and the ways professionals defined sex trafficked women. Based on this analysis, I recommend that the mechanisms through which women said they were controlled, forced and/or deceived have not been sufficiently acknowledged by policy makers, and that an important consequence of this under-acknowledgement is that law enforcement officials can fail to investigate the whole range of the trafficking process, which may lead to some women not being identified as being trafficked and not being given access to appropriate services and support as a result. This prompts a broader consideration of definitions of and policy frameworks on sexual trafficking in Taiwan and, related to this, the implications for relevant professionals, in particular the need to explore more fully the background of women who present themselves as having been trafficked.
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Baloh, Jure. "Implementing TeamSTEPPS in small rural hospitals: An examination of process and variance models of implementation." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5707.
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Hospital personnel are commonly tasked with implementing innovative and evidence-based practices. However, successes are often limited and short-lived. One likely explanation is that implementation processes vary between sites, leading to differences in implementation outcomes. In this dissertation, I built on the organizational and implementation science literatures to improve our understanding of implementation processes and how they unfolded in small, rural hospitals in Iowa.
I adopted two theoretical perspectives – process and variance models. Process models explain change as a series of steps or phases that organizations go through when implementing changes, while variance models explain variation in change outcomes as a relationship between variables. More specifically, I examined Kotter’s process model of change and tested the proposition that performance on earlier steps influences performance on subsequent steps. I then built on the literature on the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework to examine the implementation processes from the variance model perspective. I first developed a typology of internal facilitation activities that hospital change agents engaged in throughout the implementation process, and then built on organizational implementation models to assess the influence of management support, time availability and team viability on sustainment and non-sustainment of facilitation activities.
This study was based on a qualitative longitudinal evaluation of TeamSTEPPS implementation in critical access hospitals in Iowa. Our research team recruited 17 hospitals attending TeamSTEPPS Master Training in 2011, 2012 and 2013 and followed them for a period of two years, interviewing key informants quarterly to inquire about their goals, strategies and activities, barriers and facilitators, and the progress they were making. My analytic samples for the dissertation included 8-10 hospitals and varied depending on the research questions. For each construct, a group of student coders read and coded the interview transcripts (two coders per transcript) using both inductive and deductive coding approaches. The coded content was reviewed and disagreements discussed in a group meeting until differences have been resolved. To examine the Kotter model, hospitals were scored on their performance on the three phases, which allowed for assessing whether their performance was consistent across the three phases as the model proposes. To develop the typology of facilitation activities, I compared and contrasted the different types of activities to identify the characteristics that distinguish them. To test sustainment of facilitation activities, I used the fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis method to calibrate and test the relationships using set-theoretic methods. As needed, I also qualitatively re-examined the cases to identify exemplar cases or identify additional factors that helped develop our understanding of the implementation processes.
I found that the Kotter model helped explain the implementation processes in half the hospitals, while the other hospitals followed different trajectories, depending on implementation scope. Next, four types of facilitation activities were identified – Leadership, Buy-in, Customization and Accountability. They are distinguished by who engaged in the activities, what or whom they targeted, and the timing patterns of the activities. I also found that facilitation activities were sustained in hospitals with both senior and middle manager support and whose facilitator team remained viable throughout the implementation process.
These findings contributed to our understanding of implementation processes. Individual findings and their implications were discussed. Overall, both process and variance model perspectives provide useful but different insights into implementation processes. I concluded that both perspectives are needed to inform practice and future research.
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Evans, Gwynnen Stokes. "Programs on Paper: An Examination of Virginia's Service Delivery Area Job Training Partnership Act Title II-A Job Training Plans." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36528.
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A key purpose of federal job training policy is to ensure that the workforce has the skills necessary to obtain and retain gainful employment. The purpose of this study was to describe and compare key elements of Virginia’s fourteen service delivery area (SDA) plans in order to determine how they would deliver programs to achieve the stated purpose of JTPA Title II-A, which targets disadvantaged adults. In addition, the plans were evaluated as to their potential to guide successful program implementation.
The plans were reviewed to describe and analyze who is trained, how they are trained, and what objectives the plans establish. The plans were ranked as to their fulfillment of eight criteria drawn from JTPA studies on successful program strategies and from education program planning literature.
Though the plans provided basic descriptions of SDA efforts to train disadvantaged adults, they did not reflect full use of successful strategies or education program planning techniques, especially in the areas of linking training to the local labor market and using overall evaluation. The SDAs did not use the plans to distinguish their local level activities, opting most often to meet minimal compliance with plan guidelines as to the information provided. The individual being trained is underrepresented in most of the plans. A few plans did meet many of the criteria and demonstrated how these strategies and planning tools can be reflected at this early stage of program implementation.
The plan preparation guidelines themselves were found to be a factor in the limitations of the plans. Changes in policy requiring plans to better detail their programs could enhance their effectiveness as planning tools.Master of Science
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Roll, Stephen. "Credit Counseling, Financial Coaching, and Client Outcomes: An Examination of Program Impacts and Implementation Dynamics." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1460908989.
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Narayan, Thelma. "A study of policy process and implementation of the National Tuberculosis Programme in India." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1998. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682263/.
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TB, a major public health problem in India since the 1900s, has a current prevalence of 14 million and an estimated annual mortality of 500,000 persons. Nation-wide government sponsored anti-TB public health measures introduced in 1948, developed into the National TB Programme in 1962. Despite gains, implementation gaps between programme goals and performance, over 35 years, have been of a magnitude sufficient to cause concern. This study aimed to understand explanatory factors underlying the implementation gap. A policy analysis approach was adopted, focusing on the policy process and specifically on implementation, at national, state, district and local levels. It undertook a historical review with a two-tiered framework covering the period 1947-97. In the first tier the historical narrative is woven around a framework of context, content, process and actors. The nature of the problem and policy relevant technical dimensions of intervention measures are discussed, as are effects of pharmaceutical policies and financial resource flows on TB policy. The second tier applies a framework of implementation factors to national policy development and implementation at state and district level. Interviews were conducted with TB patients, elected representatives, front-line health workers, doctors, district and state staff, national programme managers, researchers and representatives from international agencies. Documents were reviewed. Thus the study incorporated an integrative bottom-up cum top-down approach. Findings highlight that interests of patients, medical and allied professionals, pharmaceutical and diagnostic industries and the state are interdependent, but often conflictual. Unequal societal relations affect not only the development and transmission of TB, but also the implementation of control programmes, particularly for the impoverished, among whom high levels of indebtedness due to the disease and difficulties accessing private services were noted. Techno-managerial approaches to TB control often mask societal and policy process factors accounting for the implementation gap. The importance of leadership, institutional development, capacity at the patient provider interface and accountability and need for sustained policies were noted, within an affirmative framework embodying social justice and safeguarding the interests of the majority of patients.
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Adeeko, Omotayo O. "“What gets measured gets done”: An examination of policy implementation practices of charter school authorizers in Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1563478788629993.
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Boyce, B. "Policy-making in the European Union : a study of the nature of the European Union through the examination of its policy process." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1995. http://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/158b738d-a756-3e02-1eec-b35e58fadee7/1.
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This study has discussed the policy process of the European Union in order to illuminate major aspects of the nature of this peculiar and unique political system. The discussion necessarily involves an examination of traditional integration theories, but it concentrates primarily on policy analysis which is based on extensive empirical research and supported by secondaiy literature and theoretical deliberations. The major research for this project was carried out between 1990 and 1994, in the form of mail surveys, interviews, non-participatory observation and scrutiny of documentation and secondary literature. The empirical approach adopted here is regarded as superior to purely theory-based research, because the former provides more insight into the nature of the European Union than the latter. The thesis consists principally of a discussion of the general nature of the policy process in the European Union, but contains also a more detailed case study on food policy-making. The findings in this study confirm that there is a marked gap between formal policy procedures and the way in which policy is actually carried out Consequently, policy-making in the European Union is very varied and dynamic, and cannot be encapsulated into a single static conceptual framework. The gap is explained in terms of the influence of informal factors on policy-making, namely the involvement of private interests, the varied interpretations of the formal provisions which flourish due to Treaty ambiguities and the mediating effects of manifold political and cultural agendas. The actual influence of private interests is difficult to measure, and data are contradictory, but it is nonetheless evident that influence is disproportionately low compared to the extent of consultation and lobbying that characterises policy-making in the European Union. However, as far as broad developments are concerned, business and other economic interests have had significant influence on EU developments - but only if their interests did not diverge too markedly from the political priorities of the most senior European politicians. This finding confirms that, despite many bureaucratic and technocratic elements, the European Union is an intensely political system. Within the realm of politics, national self4nterests remain dominant, even though they are constantly challenged and mediated by other political and non-political concertinos. The predominance of national concerns is however constantly reinforced by the hybrid structures of the European Union. It is argued in the thesis that empirical policy studies must be embedded in a suitable conceptual framework so that they do not result lii purely descriptive exercises. Therefore, considerable attention has been given to constructing such a framework. The latter is based broadly on policy networks analysis but emphasises the problems and limitations of this approach and expands the basic concept in order to take account of the idiosyncrasies of the European Union which is a unique political system.
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Ormeño, Pérez Rodrigo Andres. "The tax policy-making process in practice : a field study in Chile." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/18830.
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The purpose of this research project is to examine the technical, political, social, organisational and cultural ‘practices’ of tax policy making in order to gain an in-depth understanding of certain tax rules in the Chilean context. Consistent with a qualitative interpretivist approach, this study is informed by documents and three phases of face-to-face interviews with a range of actors engaged in the process of (re)making tax regulation. Through the views of a wide spectrum of participants, including policy makers (broadly defined), tax administrators, academics, tax practitioners and taxpayers, theoretical concepts were inductively developed. These concepts were combined with related tax policy literature and Bourdieusian concepts to construct a theoretical/conceptual framework which was later applied in interpreting the findings. The findings reveal how an élite group of agents forms a social space connected with the field of power. In this space, these agents define tax policy, draft legislation and budget for economic effects. This thesis illustrates how these agents mobilise different forms of capital from their respective fields in order to reach and access this social space. Transfer pricing processes highlight the fluidity of these spaces, allowing the access and influence of external forces. The research also shows that other stages are more distant from the field of power. The findings suggest the importance of tax knowledge and information in the development of tax regulation. Tax knowledge and information become a capital at stake which agents struggle to acquire. Empirical data show that the amount of tax knowledge and information in the space relating to the field of power is connected with the content and robustness of the transfer pricing rules under analysis. This research also suggests a high concentration of transfer pricing tax knowledge in very few agents across the bureaucratic, professional services and corporate/business fields. This research also shows the influence of social capital in the tax policy-making field. The findings show that bureaucrats and politicians consult with those connected with them who are subjects of trust. In the particularities of transfer pricing, the findings illustrate the importance of social capital in defining the content of tax rules. Finally, the study also shows how domination and two forms of violence are present and exercised across the tax policy-making field. This is one of only a few studies that have examined the practice of tax policy making holistically, from the very early stages to the application of the rules in practice, broadly contributing in this respect to the tax policy strand of literature. In contrast to previous descriptive and partial studies, this study captures the views of actors responsible for making tax rules. It also contributes to theory development by translating Bourdieusian tools to analyse tax policy making.
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Bankson, Rodney A. "Forces in the initiation and implementation of the rural groundwater protection process." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39033.
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Groundwater contamination is a growing problem that is receiving increasing attention on the national scene. There is recognition that federal, state, and local, programs for the protection of the nation's groundwater lack coordinated, integrated policy. Consequently, much of the responsibility for groundwater protection in rural areas falls upon local elected officials and public administrators who may be ill equipped to deal with technically c01nplex issues that are becoming increasingly germane and costly for many communities.
This dissertation examines a rural county in Virginia (Clarke County) noted for its progressive groundwater protection policies, with the intent of the examination to improve the knowledge base of the dynamics of the groundwater protection process in rural areas. Case study methodology, implementation theory, and ethnographic techniques are used to determine what factors and forces play the greatest role in initiating and influencing groundwater protection outcomes in a rural setting. Answers are suggested for questions such as: (1) why does Clarke County display a
different attitude towards groundwater protection than many of its neighbors in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia; (2) how was Clarke County able to initiate and institute groundwater protection plans; and (3) is there a special role for the public administrator in the rural groundwater protection policy process?Ph. D.
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Pandy, Susan M. "An Examination of the Privacy Impact Assessment as a Vehicle for Privacy Policy Implementation in U.S. Federal Agencies." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/19262.
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The Privacy Act of 1974 was designed to protect personal privacy captured in the records held by government agencies. However, the scope of privacy protection has expanded in light of advances in technology, heightened security, ubiquitous threats, and the value of information. This environment has raised the expectations for public sector management of sensitive personal information and enhanced privacy protections. While the expanse of privacy policy implementation is broad, this study focuses specifically on how agencies implement privacy impact assessments (PIAs) as required under Section 208 of the E-Government Act of 2002. An enhanced understanding of the PIA implementation process serves as a portal into the strategic considerations and management challenges associated with broader privacy policy implementation efforts. A case study of how the U.S. Postal Service and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs have implemented PIAs provides rich insights into privacy policy implementation and outcomes. Elite interviews enriched by process data and document analysis show how each organization undertook different approaches to PIA implementation over time. This study introduces the sociology of law literature using Lauren Edelman\'s conceptual framework to understand how organizations respond to and interpret law from within the organization, or endogenously. Building upon Edelman\'s model, certain characteristics of the PIA implementation are analyzed to provide rich description of the factors that influence the implementation process and lead to different policy outcomes.
The findings reflect valuable insights into the privacy policy implementation process and introduce the sociology of law literature to the field of public administration. This literature furthers our understanding of how organizations enact policy over time, how the implementation process unfolds and is impacted by critical factors, and for identifying emergent patterns in organizations. This study furthers our understanding how privacy policy, in particular, is implemented over time by examining the administrative capacities and levels of professionalism that are utilized to accomplish this effort. This research comes at a critical time in the context of the emerging legal and political environment for privacy that is characterized by new expectations by the public and the expanding role of government to manage and protect sensitive information.
Ph. D.
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Doye, Zoe. "The Labour party and public housing, 1951-64 : an examination of national policy and its implementation in London." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412476.
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The main theme of this thesis is an examination of Labour Party policies regarding public housing, 1951-64. In order to explore fully the varied and changing Party policy towards public housing, this thesis moves between a national and local level, drawing upon examples of policy and politics from London local government. SpeCifically it takes as its focus four Labour Partyrun councils; the London County Council and Islington, st. Pancras and Lambeth. These local authorities differed significantly in their housing policies, regarding both whom they housed and how this choice related to the authorities' financial position and political priorities. Such local variation requires exploration. An investigation and comparison of Labour's housing policies provides a location from which to examine the ideology of the Labour Party. During this period, there was much debate within the Party over issues of rents, rate subsidies, race and municipalisation. These debates offer a window into the broader political divisions within the Labour Party. Specifically, an examination of Labour's housing agenda has allowed this thesis to examine the twin considerations of finance and politics at both a local and national level. The two strands of this thesis - housing and Labour Party ideology - allow this thesis to isolate two important areas of investigation. The first of these is the existing gap in the historiography of the Labour Party and local politics. Specifically, making a case study of St. Pancras borough council, this thesis starts to explore the nature of the Labour Party within local government and the relationship and tension between local and national Party. Generally, moving between the national and local level allows the thesis to discuss, with regards to housing policy and finance, the issue of local authority autonomy from central government and national party. The second area of investigation of this thesis is an exploration of the competing pressures of principles and pragmatism in the Labour Party's political consciousness, or policy decisions. Therefore, the thesis explores how far the pragmatic demands of governance were in conflict with, for instance, policies such as municipalisation that many Labour Party members saw as furthering socialism.
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Kenbeek, Seth. "Understanding the Roles of Network Structure and Distance in the Process of Natural Resource Policy Implementation." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19242.
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Policy makers write policies that are implemented by actors at various levels of government. This results in policies that are implemented differently than how they were intended due to institutional contexts, pressure from the agency, personal beliefs, and collaboration between bureaucrats. This is especially true of natural resource policies, which are implemented at local scales by actors spread across the landscape. This research explores the effects that pressure from above, beliefs of individual actors, collaboration between actors, network structure, and distance between actors collectively have on policy implementation in federal natural resource agencies. A network modeling approach is employed to simulate the policy implementation process as a network of bureaucrats. Results indicate that network structure has little influence on the policy outcome, but adding distance alters the policy outcomes sensitivity to other parameters. The results illuminate the need to consider distance in policy implementation research.10000-01-01
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McFall, Shawn. "Foreign Policy by Fiat: An Examination of the United States Decision Making Process on Iraq from 1990-1998." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1906.
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This thesis explores how the United States identified Iraq as a threat to its national interest from 1990 to 1998. The international relations literature is heavily skewed toward exploring the question of why states engage in conflict and neglecting how a country identifies a threat. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the threat identification policy process. This thesis examines two security moves – the Gulf War and the Iraq Liberation Act – and uses primary documents to reveal how the foreign policy apparatus concluded that Iraq was a threat. Through the two cases, I found that foreign policy decisions were made on an ad-hoc basis and government officials were much more likely to inflate the Iraqi threat. Future international relation scholars can use my thesis as a guideline when constructing studies on the threat identification process.
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Bouchard, Geneviève. "Field officer discretion in the implementation process : immigration policy in Canada, Quebec and the United States /." *McMaster only, 2000.
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Harris, Spencer. "An analysis of the significance of sub-regional partnerships in the community sport policy process." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14010.
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Community sport policy is characterised as complex and multi-faceted partly due to the number of agencies involved. This thesis explores the community sport policy process in England, specifically the significance of the relationship between CSPs and NGBs in the community sport policy process. The four key objectives of this study are (i) to analyse the significance of the relationship between CSPs and NGBs with regard to the national community sport policy process; (ii) to analyse the significance of the relationship between CSPs and NGBs in local-level policy making and policy implementation; (iii) to identify CSP and NGB attitudes and perceptions toward the community sport policy process; and as the study focuses on the meso-level of analysis, (iv) to evaluate the explanatory value of selected meso-level theories of the policy process in developing a better understanding of the community sport policy process. This study uses a mixed method comprising a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. Initially, a quantitative questionnaire was used to gather information regarding CSPs and NGBs and support the selection of CSP cases. From this CSP-based case studies were developed involving semi-structured interviews with CSP, NGB and local authority representatives. The study draws attention to the hierarchical nature of the community sport policy process, the implications for collaboration, the mediating role of CSPs in national and local policy settings, and the associated challenges that agents face in implementing community sport policy. The study emphasises the value of theoretical pluralism in analysing the community sport field, particularly the combined used of meso-level frameworks such as the Advocacy Coalition Framework and the Policy Networks Approach with micro-level considerations from implementation theory and the partnership literature. It concludes that empirically, it is only by giving policy agents a voice that we can develop a more accurate understanding of the policy process and that practically only by harnessing the commitment and energy of the grassroots can we step toward a more effective policy community.
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Qadiri, Ali. "The Swedish Rescue Service Agency’s implementation process : -A case study of SRSA: s implementation of public aid policy in international operations of 2006." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för samhälls- och livsvetenskaper, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-6789.
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Kelly, Michael Patrick. "The implementation of policy : an examination of decision-making in practice; the erection of agricultural workers dwellings in North Devon." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359800.
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Pennington, Michael Sean. "Is the coal industry worth protecting? an examination of the effects of competing advocacy coalitions on implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA) of 1977." Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85961.
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Harold Lasswell (1936) defined politics as the exploration of "who gets what,
when, and how." As such, one of the central concerns of democratic governance is the
role that affected interests play not only in politics, but in the implementation of adopted
policies as well. In this dissertation, I use both comparative method case studies, as well
as pooled-time series statistical techniques, to examine the effects of political, economic
and market forces, and competition between the affected interests on implementation of
the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977. The findings of this, as well
as previous, research shows that state-level implementing agencies have some discretion
in enforcement activities; however, closer examination shows that this discretion is
rarely used. This lack of use of regulatory discretion by the state-level implementing
agencies suggests that in most states, there is either sufficient competition between the
affected interests to neutralize the excessive use of discretion in enforcement activity, or
that there is insufficient pressure placed on the implementing agencies by the affected
interests to warrant the use of discretion.
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Ekuful, Joyce. "An examination of the implementation of an ecological sanitation project as an instrument of the Environmental Sanitation Policy of Ghana: the case of Kumasi Metropolis." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1091_1360850692.
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The generation of large volumes of solid and liquid wastes in urban and periurban areas of Ghana is a big problem for the people and government of Ghana. It contributes to the outbreak of many diseases in the country such as malaria, diarrhoea and typhoid fever. In managing the situation, a new concept called ecological sanitation (ecosan), which focuses on reuse of waste, has been introduced in the country. The objectives of the thesis were to criticise the environmental sanitation policy
by analysing its content in relation to policy implementation arrangements, to discuss programmes and projects identified under the policy, to critically examine the implementation of an ecosan project as a way of achieving the goal and objectives by outlining its implementation processes, prospects and challenges, and to make appropriate recommendations. The analysis and discussion of the thesis were based on both primary and secondary data. The primary data, on one hand, were collected on the prospects and challenges that exist in the implementation of ecosan projects from Kumasi metropolis. The secondary data, on the other hand, were from
books, journals and websites. From the research analysis, it emerged that the policy allows the implementation of many sanitation projects including ecosan. Secondly, stakeholders see ecosanto be a good approach to reduce waste generation in the country. However, the main challenges that exist in promoting the concept are inadequate financial support, unavailability of implementation guidelines and lack of knowledge about concept details. It is therefore argued that financial support, implementation guidelines and awareness-creation activities should be available in the implementation of ecosan in the metropolis. Government, private organisations, companies and individuals should each contribute their quota in the support and processes.
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Miller, Katherine. "Dating violence, protection orders, and gender inequality: A cross-state analysis of policy formulation and implementation." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587417069813169.
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Addis, Samia. "Free school meals in secondary schools in Wales : a socio-ecological examination of policy implementation and the take up of entitlement." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/90888/.
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Free school meal provision in the UK has a long history, representing an important mechanism to tackle child poverty, address inadequate diets and tackle childhood obesity. However, concern revolves around levels of non-take up, since a significant proportion of those entitled don’t register, or once registered, don’t consume the meal. The take up of entitlement varies by Local Authority, indicating the impact of the local context. Existing research has identified a range of influential factors but by seeking to isolate factors, such an approach overlooks why these factors exist, how they are interrelated and why they affect the people they do. This study uses a collective lifestyles approach to explore the social context of free school meal provision to understand the interaction between policy, context and the individual and the influence of these interactions on uptake of entitlement. Using a case study methodology, four schools within one Local Authority in Wales were examined; data were collected by a review of policy documents, focus groups with pupils and interviews with policy makers, stakeholders, local authority and school staff and parents and pupils. Underpinned by a socio ecological framework, factors at a range of analytical levels were examined. Free school meal policy has been shaped by historical and structural factors, including devolution and this influences implementation at the local level. For pupils, issues associated with the school food environment, food availability, the built environment and the social processes of school dining influence the likelihood of having school meals and for pupils on free school meals, the ability to conform to peer norms is shaped by marginalisation, influencing the uptake of entitlement. Recommendations focus on minimising marginalisation by ensuring confidentiality throughout school processes and ensuring that free school meal pupils can participate in the same school food practices as the wider pupil population.
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Parminter, Terry Graham. "An examination of the use of a human behaviour model for natural resource policy design and implementation by government (central and regional) agencies." The University of Waikato, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2638.
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In recent years, one of the most significant pieces of environmental legislation in New Zealand has been the Resource Management Act (New Zealand Government 1991) that has empowered local government agencies to manage the use of natural resources in their regions. Three Government Departments have been responsible for developing policies directly relating to the use of natural resources in New Zealand. The Department of Conservation has been mainly concerned with the management of natural resources on public land. The Ministry for the Environment has particularly addressed environmental policy issues of national significance. The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry has worked with New Zealand's agricultural, horticultural and forestry industries to encourage sustainable resource use and development for the benefit of all New Zealanders. In general, local and central government agencies carrying out policy analyses have drawn upon highly goal driven theories such as Rational Choice or Incremental Policy Theories or alternatively they have applied more loosely framed theories such as Systems Policy Thinking or Garbage Can Theory. Policy formulation and instrument selection may have been based upon instrumentalist, proceduralist, contingentist or constitutivist selection criteria, depending upon the assumed influence of peoples' behavioural and social contexts in addition to the technical characteristics of the tools themselves. However, there has been a limited range of policy theories to guide the integration of policy analysis, and formulation and operational planning into a management strategy for effective policy delivery. Such theories would have assisted policy agencies to identify the human and social behaviours most closely related to policy issues and to better match policies to differences in the political and social context of each of the issues that they were dealing with. In academic articles a number of behaviour models from social psychology have been used to explain and predict human behaviour. One of those, the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) has a long history of use in research and application. It has been adapted to suit the needs of policy makers in human health, marketing, and education. Applications of the TRA have been reported to have achieved coefficients of determination for behaviour of on average, 53% in one study and 71% in another. Some of the modified models based upon the Theory such as the Theory of Planned Behaviour, have in themselves been able to make additional contributions to peoples' understanding of how to explain and predict human behaviour in more complex situations. In this report, unless otherwise stated, references to the TRA are inclusive of all associated models, such as the Theory of Planned Behaviour. This thesis has examined the application of the Theory of Reasoned Action in the formulation of environmental policy. Five research questions were considered. 1. Could a human behaviour model based upon the Theory of Reasoned Action be developed sufficiently for environmental policy makers to explain landowner behaviour associated with managing indigenous vegetation? 2. How well could the social psychology model of human behaviour based upon the TRA have predicted public responses to a policy programme? 3. How well could the social psychology model of human behaviour based upon the TRA have distinguished between the policy-intervention needs of different stakeholder groups? 4. How much have peoples' values, attitudes and beliefs affected their behaviour? 5. What would be the immediate antecedents to peoples' behaviour and how have they led to behaviour change? This has been a quantitative study to develop and test models of human behaviour specific to the preservation of indigenous vegetation. Three data sets were compared from surveys of peoples' bush protection behaviour, the establishment of indigenous woodlots and the protection and planting of riparian areas with indigenous vegetation. The results from the analyses have shown that accounting for peoples' intentions could have been used to improve the estimates of peoples' use of policy-desired practices. The coefficients of determination in multivariate equations to predict peoples' natural resource behaviour based upon non-specific (external) variables, varied between 3 - 10%. By including intentions in the models, the level of explanation increased to 10 - 17%. The results may have been lower than expected from other examples in the literature due to poorly specified measures of behaviour relative to the measures used for intentions. When it came to estimating intentions (rather than the actual behaviours), the TRA variables in regression equations achieved coefficients of determination of 55 - 75% and these provided a measure of how well the underlying values, attitudes and beliefs could have given policy makers an understanding of peoples' behaviour. Comparing the beliefs of people with high and low intentions to perform the behaviours, clear differences have been identified that could have been the basis of policy strategies for behaviour change. After analysing and considering these examples, this thesis has argued that the TRA could be used in the future to provide policy agencies with an increased level of understanding of human behaviour and so enable them to formulate policy interventions for achieving predictable levels of behaviour change.
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Sandler, Jeanette Louise. "A formative evaluation of the implementation process of the supply chain management policy framework in Eastern Cape Provincial Administration." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003867.
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The Eastern Cape Provincial Administration has, since the promulgation of the Supply Chain Management Policy Framework in 2003, been challenged with the implementation of the said Policy.Some departments have progressed better than others, but all of the provincial departments have been challenged in one way or another.It was therefore, necessary to research the reasons for the erratic implementation process by the different departments. An analysis, based on answers provided by senior officials of the Eastern Cape Provincial Administration in an interviewing process, was needed to get an understanding of the challenges the departments are faced within the implementation process. In order to provide quality goods and services, this dissertation aims to evaluate the implementation process, provide insight to the challenges that the departments are faced with and offer recommendations on how to remedy these challenges. The lessons learned from this research study will assist the provincial departments to re-engineer their implementation processes and move forward to greater success and embracement of the Supply Chain Management policy Framework.
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Baldwin, Richard. "Changing practice by reform : the recontextualisation of the Bologna process in teacher education." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen för Pedagogik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3659.
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The purpose of the thesis is to investigate a specific case of curriculum change; that of organizing teacher training courses around learner outcomes in line with the Bologna process. The investigation is an example of a practitioner research case study and looks at how official Bologna policy messages are re-interpreted and recontextualised at the local micro level. A variety of methods are used to collect and analyse the data produced. A form of discourse analysis, as well as a survey of research literature, is used to identify policy discourses connected with the Bologna process. At the local micro level, local documentation as well as teacher talk in planning meetings are analysed to throw light on how the Bologna process was implemented. A number of discourses were found in policy documents; including the need to modernize higher education and to move towards a more student centred approach to learning. The thesis shows that these discourses were mediated locally by a regulative discourse portraying teachers as role models who have the task of passing on knowledge that is essential for the students to obtain before entering the profession. Instead of challenging the pedagogic identities for teachers and students, the introduction of learning outcomes acted to strengthen the fundamental vertical relations between teachers and students, cementing and confirming the level of control that teachers had over all aspects of the curriculum. Changes made in connection with the introduction of learning outcomes had a minimal influence on practice and were contested by some teacher educators. Teacher educators resisted and mediated the changes made by continuing to use their traditional practices.Akademisk avhandling som med tillstånd av utbildningsvetenskapliga fakulteten vid Göteborgs universitet för vinnande av doktorsexamen i pedagogiskt arbete framläggs till offentlig granskning Fredagen den 20 september, kl. 13.15 vid Högskolan i Borås.
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Gonzalez, Jean McCarthy. "An exploration of the sensemaking process during the implementation of academic tracking systems at three public universities." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002690.
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Slotnick, Ruth C. "University and Community College Administrators’ Perceptions of the Transfer Process for Underrepresented Students: Analysis of Policy and Practice." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1774.
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This study describes and explains purposefully selected university and community college administrators' perceptions of the Florida statewide articulation agreement and the resulting institutional practices as they pertain to underrepresented transfer students. The theoretical framework that undergirds this dissertation is three-fold: social constructivism, philosophical hermeneutics, and interpretive policy analysis (Yanow, 2000). In particular, the local level knowledge consisting of six university and six community college administrators (also referred to as policy implementers), was assessed through face-to-face interviews, document analysis, and field notes. The researcher reflective journal (Janesick, 2004) is asserted as a crucial link to analyzing the three frames as way to record the history of the project and integrate the ever-present voice of the researcher while lending credibility to the research findings. All three cases were examined for themes and subthemes using cross-case analysis guided by the study's research questions. Three types of policy implementers were apparent: policy experts, technocrats, and generalists. Three categories also emerged: policy proximity, policy fluency, and perceptions of underrepresented students. An administrator's policy proximity was found to be reasonably congruent with his or her policy fluency. This held true across all implementer types. Perceptions of underrepresented students, however, varied greatly; some administrators saw no differences, while others perceived major differences for underrepresented transfer students. A major finding of this study-that all administrators perceive no differences in the state articulation agreement for low-income, first generation in college, and racial and ethnic minority groups-ran counter to a recent study by Dowd, Chase; Bordoloi Pazich, and Bensimon (2009) which found seven state transfer policies to be mostly colorblind.
Future studies on the transfer process incorporating more community college and university administrators both in Florida and in other states could continue to explore how different policy actors interpret and understand state and institutional policy; especially for the growing populations of underrepresented minority groups. The researcher reflective journal may be a useful tool for policy analysts to record more intensive micro-rich views of how policy knowledge is generated, perceived, and perpetuated (or not) from the inside.
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Voegel, Jacob Andrew. "AN EXPLORATORY EXAMINATION OF THE ETHICAL DECISION MAKING PROCESS OF ENTREPRENEURS THROUGH THE THEORY OF PLANNED BEAHAVIOR LENS: A POLICY-CAPTURING APPROACH." OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1232.
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Entrepreneurs face constraints that more mature organizations may not. These constraints cause unique pressures within entrepreneurship. Although ethics and entrepreneurship have individually received much attention in the academic literature, not enough research has investigated ethics within entrepreneurship. This study addresses the need of ethics research within entrepreneurship. Utilizing the theory of planned behavior, this research investigates the ethical decision making process of entrepreneurs. Not all ethical situations are created equally, and not all entrepreneurs are created equally. The ethical environment of any situation can be financially concerned or socially concerned. Likewise, entrepreneurs can be motivated by a private financial gain or a social impact. A multi-scenario approach known as policy-capturing is used to examine the relative importance entrepreneurs place on attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and self-identity when faced with a financial and a social ethical decision. The findings suggest that the environment does affect the ethical decision making process as defined by the relative importance of the variables. Within each environment, personal demographic variables of entrepreneurs were also found to affect their ethical decision making process. Such variables included entrepreneurial orientation, gender, love of money, financial security, spirituality/religiosity, idealism, and relativism. By considering the effects of the ethical environment along with the demographics of the entrepreneur, potential investors may be able to more accurately gauge investment opportunities. Implications of the findings, limitations of the study, and future research areas are discussed.
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Askeljung, Albert. "From global visions to local actions : A study of the implementation process of global environment goals through a top-down perspective." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24151.
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International environment efforts are often seen as unsuccessful and the reasons why are not clear. The international negotiations in the IPCC and the EU show that the opinions and ambitions differ quite a lot between the different countries. Even though there are ambitious goals and international agreements, such as the Kyoto Protocol, there are still problems with implementing these at country level. This study examines the implementation process from international to local level focusing on a Swedish context. The aim of the study is to identify the main implementation problems when implementing international environment goals. The study uses a top-down perspective, meaning that it will examine the implementation process from international to local level concentrating at the hierarchical structures and processes. The study uses both text analysis and qualitative interviews in order to collect data, three interviews were conducted in order to collect data about the municipality perspectives. The conclusions of the study implies that a lack of national and local political will together with a high degree of municipality autonomy are the main problems when implementing international environment goals.Internationella miljöförhandlingar anses ofta vara misslyckade och skälen till varför, är oklara. I de internationella förhandlingarna inom ramen för IPCC och EU visar att åsikter och ambitioner skiljer sig ganska mycket mellan olika länder. Även om det finns ambitiösa mål och internationella överenskommelser, till exempel Kyotoprotokollet, finns det fortfarande problem med att implementera dem på nationell nivå. Denna studie undersöker implementeringsprocessen från internationell till lokal nivå sett ur en svensk kontext. Syftet med studien är att identifiera de främsta implementeringsproblemen av internationella miljömål. Studien använder sig av ett top-down-perspektiv, vilket innebär en granskning av implementeringsprocessen från internationell till lokal nivå med fokus på hierarkiska strukturer och processer. Studien använder både textanalys och kvalitativa intervjuer för att samla in data, tre intervjuer har genomförts för att samla in data om kommunala perspektiv. Slutsatserna av studien antyder att brist på nationell och lokal politisk vilja tillsammans med en hög grad av kommunalt självbestämmande är de största problemen vid implementeringen av internationella miljömål.
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Blachford, Dongyan Ru. "Language planning and bilingual education for linguistic minorities in China, a case study of the policy formulation and implementation process." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq41009.pdf.
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Olalla, Juan Alberto NarvaÌez. "Implementation of the Global Malaria Control Strategy and Roll Back Malaria in Ecuador : a case study of the policy process." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250463.
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Kapti, Alican. "Reform and change in police education: Examining the variations in the top-down and bottom-up structures in the process of implementation." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc11028/.
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This study examines the variations in the practice of implementation in different implementation structures using the case of police education reforms that were undertaken by the Turkish National Police (TNP) in 2001 and 2003. Differentiations and similarities in the top-down and bottom-up structures while practicing the process of implementation were investigated in this study. First, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of the process of implementation and structure of implementation. Second, the study introduces TNP education reforms and explains the reasons for the reform. Third, a quantitative approach is used to measure the success of the TNP educational reforms. Specifically, multiple regression analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and post hoc tests are used to clarify if police performance in the TNP has improved since the reforms. Fourth, the study uses a qualitative approach to find out how features associated with top-down or bottom up approaches were involved in the process of implementation of the educational reforms. Finally, based upon the views of the participants in the qualitative analysis, the study examines the variations in the practice of implementation between decision makers and the street level bureaucrats.
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Harrelson, Rodney T. "The Process of Implementation and Its Impact on the School Improvement Turnaround Model: Lessons Learned During the First Year." Ashland University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ashland1392990983.
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Gallant, Benjamin. "Bill C-25 The Truth in Sentencing Act: An Examination of the Implementation of Criminal Law by the Canadian Judiciary under Challenging Circumstances." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34943.
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In Canada, we regularly incarcerate accused persons while they are still legally innocent. By the turn of the century, the growing number of accused held in pre-sentence custody had become a concern for provincial/territorial governments, and, by extension, the federal government. In an effort to address the problem, Bill C-25 - ‘The Truth in Sentencing Act’ - was passed into law. Adopting a quantitative as well as qualitative methodology, this study uses a randomly selected sample of 110 cases to examine the implementation of Bill C-25 as a case study of how Canadian judges respond to legislation which likely created friction between the political and judicial social spheres. Analyses suggest that there is strong evidence to support the notion that judges did not fully implement the legislation as intended by the federal government. Instead, it appears that judges may have been motivated to resist the implementation of Bill C-25 in order to protect fundamental principles of justice that were ignored in the drafting of the new law.
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Zheng, Jinming. "A comparative analysis of the policy process of elite sport development in China and the UK (in relation to three Olympic sports of artistic gymnastics, swimming and cycling)." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/17382.
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This thesis seeks to analyse the policy making and policy implementation processes of elite sport in China and the UK, covering the period 1992-2012. Three sports are selected for detailed cases studies: artistic gymnastics, swimming and cycling. They represent a wide range of sports in two countries, based on their varying competiveness, weights and traditions. Key areas including organisational structure, financial support, talent identification and athlete development, coaching, training, competition opportunities, scientific research and others (including international influence and other sport- and country-specific areas) are identified to organise the discussion. The aim is not only to present key characteristics of the development of each sport in China and the UK respectively and to introduce the successful experience and problems but also to form a basis for the discussion of policy making, policy implementation and policy changes.
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Honda, Ayako. "User fee policy and equity funds in Madagascar : an analysis of the design and implementation process from an agency-incentive perspective." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536943.
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