Relevant bibliographies by topics / Policy Explanations

Academic literature on the topic 'Policy Explanations'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Contents

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Policy Explanations.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Policy Explanations"

1

THOMAS, R. S. D. "Editorial: Explanations, Policy, and Thanks." Philosophia Mathematica 1, no. 1 (1993): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/philmat/1.1.66.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Pal, Leslie A. "Reply: Restraining Class in Policy Explanations." Canadian Journal of Political Science 19, no. 1 (March 1986): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423900058005.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Pesquera Alonso, Carlos, Práxedes Muñoz Sánchez, and Almudena Iniesta Martínez. "Youth Guarantee: Looking for Explanations." Sustainability 13, no. 10 (May 17, 2021): 5561. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105561.

Full text
Abstract:
Aiming to tackle the high levels of youth unemployment and rates of Not Employed, in Education, or Training (NEET), the European Union launched the flagship policy Youth Guarantee in 2013. In this article we evaluate this policy in order to reveal the lessons it can teach us and possible ways for its improvement to achieve a sustainable active labor market policy. We use the data collected through the Indicator Framework for Monitoring the Youth Guarantee to analyze the policy impact, limited to some of the countries with the highest NEET rates: those of the Mediterranean European Economic Area (Cyprus, Greece, Italy, and Spain). We used the data to create regression models for the evaluation of policy measures, spread, and achievements. In our findings we reveal the importance of time in the policy implementation, the differences and commonalities between the countries, and hidden problems in the data collection that lead to biases and misleading results. We conclude that it is too soon to judge the usefulness of the policy and recommend an improvement in the data collection process.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

FRIESENDORF, CORNELIUS. "Police assistance as foreign policy: Explaining donor practices." Review of International Studies 42, no. 2 (September 21, 2015): 377–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210515000297.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractPolice assistance is an important, albeit understudied aspect of foreign policy. While many scholars have studied international and transnational policing, it remains largely unknown why donor police forces often support their colleagues in fragile states in different ways. This article discusses a variety of potential explanations of police assistance: a domestic rational actor model; a constructivist focus on international norms; and theories on the use of force by democracies. While all of these explanations are relevant, this article shows that they remain incomplete without studying police organisations and how these implement assistance on the ground. As the organisational cultures of donor police agencies differ, so do their assistance practices. The case of German and Italian police assistance in Afghanistan illustrates the relevance of an organisational approach: despite operating in the same environment, German police officers promoted civilian and Italian Carabinieri militarised policing. The article stresses that explaining security assistance, an important form of indirect intervention in fragile states, requires zooming in on policy implementation and policy implementers.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

ZHANG, Beibei. "Why Is Japan’s Housing Vacancy Rate So High? A History of Postwar Housing Policy." Social Science Japan Journal 23, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ssjj/jyz041.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract This article provides an explanation for Japan’s current vacant housing crisis. While existing explanations usually ascribe the crisis to demographic factors or individual governmental policies, this article seeks to transcend those explanations by situating the vacant housing phenomenon within a broader social, economic, and historical context. Drawing on historical materials, the empirical analysis deciphers how the state has subordinated housing development to the overarching objective of economic growth through the manipulation of housing finance policies and land use planning regulations during the postwar period. The article argues that today’s vacant housing crisis is the result of the state’s pro-growth housing policies throughout the postwar period.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Maroney, James J., Timothy J. Rupert, and Martha L. Wartick. "The Perceived Fairness of Taxing Social Security Benefits: The Effect of Explanations Based on Different Dimensions of Tax Equity." Journal of the American Taxation Association 24, no. 2 (September 1, 2002): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jata.2002.24.2.79.

Full text
Abstract:
In this study, we construct explanations for the taxation of social security benefits based on previously identified dimensions of fairness (exchange, horizontal, and vertical equity). We then conduct an experiment to examine whether providing senior citizen taxpayers with explanations increases the perceived fairness of taxing social security. The results indicate that for those subjects with the greatest self-interest (subjects currently taxed on a portion of their social security benefits), the exchange equity explanation had the most consistent positive effects on both acceptance of the explanation and on the perceived fairness of taxing social security benefits. On the other hand, for those subjects not currently taxed on their social security benefits, the vertical equity explanation was more likely to be accepted than either the exchange or horizontal equity explanation. However, while these subjects agreed with the vertical equity explanation, it did not increase their fairness perceptions. These findings illustrate how important it is for tax policy makers striving to increase perceptions of fairness to carefully consider and develop explanations for tax provisions.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Berkowitz, Monroe, Kalman Rupp, and David C. Stapleton. "Growth in Disability Benefits: Explanations and Policy Implications." Industrial and Labor Relations Review 53, no. 1 (October 1999): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2696172.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Ferguson, William L., Kalman Rupp, and David C. Stapleton. "Growth in Disability Benefits: Explanations and Policy Implications." Journal of Risk and Insurance 68, no. 4 (December 2001): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2691547.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Topin, Nicholay, and Manuela Veloso. "Generation of Policy-Level Explanations for Reinforcement Learning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 2514–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33012514.

Full text
Abstract:
Though reinforcement learning has greatly benefited from the incorporation of neural networks, the inability to verify the correctness of such systems limits their use. Current work in explainable deep learning focuses on explaining only a single decision in terms of input features, making it unsuitable for explaining a sequence of decisions. To address this need, we introduce Abstracted Policy Graphs, which are Markov chains of abstract states. This representation concisely summarizes a policy so that individual decisions can be explained in the context of expected future transitions. Additionally, we propose a method to generate these Abstracted Policy Graphs for deterministic policies given a learned value function and a set of observed transitions, potentially off-policy transitions used during training. Since no restrictions are placed on how the value function is generated, our method is compatible with many existing reinforcement learning methods. We prove that the worst-case time complexity of our method is quadratic in the number of features and linear in the number of provided transitions, O(|F|2|tr samples|). By applying our method to a family of domains, we show that our method scales well in practice and produces Abstracted Policy Graphs which reliably capture relationships within these domains.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Nezhyva, O. "FUTUROLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS OF THE NEW UKRAINIAN EDUCATIONAL POLICY." Zhytomyr Ivan Franko state university journal. Рedagogical sciences, no. 2(109) (October 19, 2022): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/pedagogy.2(109).2022.16-28.

Full text
Abstract:
The article considers the peculiarities of futurological explications of the new educational policy in Ukraine. It also shows the existing contradictions in the development of the state education policy of Ukraine and the importance for transitive societies of its formation on a democratic basis, actualizing the development and implementation of the policy of reforming the national education system. At the same time, the peculiarities of the formation and development of the Soviet and European education system are analyzed. Each of them has certain advantages and disadvantages. The article notes that educational policy should move away from monosubjectivity and become polysubjective. To do this, it should be based on state, as well as on public, social mechanisms of activity regulation, make and keep a favorable environment for the existence and functioning of other opportunities, which is a necessary condition for the establishment of free educational interaction and the understanding of education as a practice of freedom. The article illustrates the main provisions of the Ukrainian educational policy based on the Ukrainian national idea. These provisions provide for the following: education policy of Ukraine should be based on the recognition of the fact of the birth of individuality, as well as be based on the principle of "do no harm"; an individual approach to pupils and students requires certain changes in the organization of the system; relevance of the language issue in education; it is necessary to establish independent public control over the quality of educational services provided and their compliance with modern world standards; it is necessary to go away from the trendy of the received diploma, and it is also necessary to strive for constant professional growth of all categories of the population: from teachers to motorists. The article illustrates the main provisions of the Ukrainian educational policy based on the Ukrainian national idea. These provisions provide for the following: Ukrainian educational policy should be based on the recognition of the fact of the birth of individuality, as well as be based on the principle of "do no harm"; an individual approach to pupils and students requires certain changes in the organization of the system; relevance of the language issue in education; it is necessary to establish free public control over the quality of educational services provided and their compliance with modern world standards; it is necessary to go away from the cult of the received diploma, and it is also necessary to strive for constant professional growth of all categories of the population: from teachers to motorists. And this growth should be accompanied by diplomas obtained, and from educational institutions of authority not only in Ukraine, but also abroad. Besides, this growth should be accompanied by diplomas obtained, and from educational institutions of authority not only in Ukraine, but also abroad.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Policy Explanations"

1

Folke, Olle. "Politics and preferences : explanations to policy outcomes in Swedish municipalities /." Uppsala : Dept. of Economics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/10862558.pdf.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Cheng, Kai Ming. "The concept of legitimacy in educational policy-making : alternative explanations of two policy episodes in Hong Kong." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1987. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020176/.

Full text
Abstract:
The Thesis seeks to explain the policy-making process using a legitimacy notion as an alternative to various kinds of rational models. Legitimacy here takes its broadest sense as the recognised or accepted norm or belief that something is appropriate. Based on two ethnographic case studies of policy-making "episodes" in Hong Kong education, the writer argues that policy-actors, in this case policy-advisory bodies, do not necessarily act according to a "means-end" rational model, or interact with one another because of conflicts in interests or power; but that each advisory body has developed within itself some sub-culture which identifies certain legitimacy to making policies. In the first Episode, a policy body on higher education was forced to reject an overall policy proposal which was based on manpower forecasting; or else the body's legitimacy generated from "expert judgement" might be undermined. In the second Episode, an OECD panel caused difficulties because it adopted a "participatory approach" which tended to upset the conventional legitimacy in policy-making. Along similar lines, the writer attempts to explain more briefly a number of dramatic junctures during the two Episodes using the legitimacy explanation as a parallel to the rational model of policy-making. The writer infers that conflicts occur when certain actor is forced to submit to a different kind of legitimacy. The actors have to strive hard to maintain their original legitimacy, or else they may lose their status in making policies. In so doing, the subject under attention is less the policy output than the policy process. The issue again is not so much a matter of the power to make policies, but the way policies are to be made. Overall, it is the process, and not the product, of policy-making that legitimates or de-legitimates the actor.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

O'Leary, Chris. "Who benefits? : comparing public and private interest explanations of professions regulation public policy." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/who-benefits(952451ab-43d8-40cc-bc8d-d1d15cd2cd18).html.

Full text
Abstract:
What motivates actors as they engage in the professions regulation policy process? Are they motivated to serve their own, selfish interests or the wider, public interests? This key question has been at the heart of policy and academic debate since the first independent regulatory body, the General Medical Council, was established by Parliament in 1858. It is a debate that has affected changes in the professions meta-regulatory framework as well as the regulatory regimes affecting many different professions, aspiring professions and occupational groups. In this thesis, I compare public and private interest explanations of the policy process around professions regulation in the UK. I have explored this question by examining five very different professions – architects, hearing aid dispensers, pharmacists, psychotherapists and teachers - and their relevant regulators as they managed changes in their regulatory regimes. I explored the observable expectations arising from two private interest models, bureau-shaping and rent seeking, as they applied to the motivations of regulators and professional bodies respectively. I also explored public service motivation theory, a theory has seen much academic interest in recent years, particularly in the public administration field. I examined these theories with respect to three key non-political interest groups: regulators, professions and the public. Overall, my research suggests, on balance, private interest theories provide a more convincing explanation of the motivations of regulators and professional bodies as they engaged in these regulation policy developments. But there were differences, over time and between regulators and profession bodies, as to whether private or public interest motivations were more dominant or evident. There was evidence that public interests also motivated these actors. I also draw a number of conclusions about the theoretical validity of both rent seeking and public service motivation theories.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Wong, M. "The governance of financial derivatives in China : policy convergence and explanations for change." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1307084/.

Full text
Abstract:
Over-the-counter derivatives, a growing part of the global financial markets, are challenging traditional modes of regulation. With the absence of a global financial regulator, the governance of derivatives is notable for private-sector solutions, especially standards established by self-regulatory organisations. As a consequence, it is of interest how China, a strong state, is responding to these new challenges while it pursues economic and financial market development. This research asks whether China's policies for these types of derivatives are converging to international practices and explores the factors behind this phenomenon. It measures the degree of convergence between Chinese over-the-counter derivatives regulation and documentation with precedents set by the Group of Thirty, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, and the International Swaps and Derivatives Association. The key findings establish that there is some convergence taking place over several dimensions, including principles such as their purpose, and practices such as how to approach risk management. This can be explained by several factors, namely financial crises and regulatory learning, the influence of international organisations, lobbying from private actors, and resolving legal uncertainty. The research methodology utilises a combination of process tracing, content analysis and the case study approach. Data consists of primary and secondary sources including government documents, trade journal articles and media reports, and they are supplemented by interviews with market actors. Several contributions to knowledge are made. This research provides a closer look at the policy process in China in the domain of derivatives, which insofar has mostly been limited to the legal profession, and it also adds to the literature on global governance and policy convergence, the latter of which has mostly concentrated on the effects of the European Union on member states or other policy areas such as the environment, health, and banking.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Alleyne, Derek Mcdonald. "Stakeholders' Explanations of the State of Cricket in Barbados." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7268.

Full text
Abstract:
Policy processes influence decision-making and when processes are influenced by multiple stakeholders, individual interests can go against the general good of the organization or community. The multiple stakeholders of cricket in Barbados have governed the development of cricket. Over the last 30 years the sport has been on a steady decline evidenced by the low attendance at games and the number of teams and individuals playing the sport. At a time when the sport has been growing at the international level, the decline in the fortunes of the sport in Barbados had led to a climate of mistrust and blame apportioning, which can only lead to further decay. This explanatory case study drawing from 2 focus groups and 15 individual interviews examined the views and perceptions of players, media personnel, officials, administrators, fans and concessionaires, as to the state of the sport, the factors that have contributed to that state and the role of the stakeholders in the process. Data analyzed using thick analysis methods revealed that the stakeholders believed that sport was in decline in Barbados and changes in the social and community structures, competition from other sports, unclear roles and uncooperative relations of stakeholders were key factors that acted against the development of the sport. The implications for positive social change are directed at the collaborative role of stakeholders that places the general good beyond individual pursuits and the need to change the current methods of governance.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Nguyen, Ngoc Thi Cat. "Vietnam's foreign policy on the Cambodian issue (1978-1989) : neo-realist and ideas-identity explanations." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438593.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Thatcher, Mark. "Examining explanations of public policy making : industrial policy in Britain and France in the case of the telecommunications sector 1969-1990." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386500.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Eun, Yong-Soo. "Foreign policy analysis : developing a theoretical scheme for fuller causal explanations of foreign policy behaviour and undertaking in-depth, comparative case study." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/45163/.

Full text
Abstract:
Why do states behave as they do in world politics? Put differently, how can analysts develop a more precise and complete explanation of the causation of foreign policy behaviour? Drawing upon the insights of actor-specific Foreign Policy Analysis scholarship, this thesis argues that we need an approach which posits a human agent as an important analytical category in its own right. However, this thesis also emphasises that the state‘s foreign policy behaviour cannot be fully explained solely in terms of the actions and intentions of individual human agents. While it is indeed conscious human agents who make foreign policies, the parameters of their capacity to do so are constrained and/or facilitated by the structural conditions with which their nations are confronted. The key point here is that structural and agential sources of the state‘s foreign policy behaviour should neither be deemed exclusive nor be granted explanatory priority a priori. In this regard, this thesis presents rationales and guidelines for why and how one should pursue a multicausal approach to the study of foreign policy behaviour. Relatedly, it explores the structure-agent problem in international relations and rethinks currently dominant conceptions of causation in the field of IR. Then this thesis establishes a multicausal framework for the analysis of foreign policy behaviour. The framework consists of three factors associated with human (agential) elements and international structural conditions. With the aim of discerning the fruitfulness of the multicausal approach advocated here and of producing the empirical evidence that shows causation of complex foreign policy actions, this thesis undertakes intensive and comparative case study. The specific question that the case study aims to answer is why South Korea and Australia reacted to the US-led war in Iraq as they did: these two cases have neither received appropriate empirical attention nor been provided with any satisfactory theoretical explanation. The empirical findings gained from the case study leads to a testing and refinement of existing leading IR theories. Also, based on the case study findings and on the multicausal analytical framework built, this thesis creates an integrated theory of a particular type of foreign policy behaviour (i.e. weaker state behaviour vis-à-vis a dominant power) which encompasses both structural and agential perspectives. In a related vein, it discusses the role of theory for IR scholarship and modes of construction of IR. Ultimately it is suggested that a multicausal approach can contribute to the cumulative development and refinement of predictions and generalisations about why states behave as they do on the world stage.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Mejia, Roberto Ramon. "Warriors of peace--inner city youth who do not join gangs : explanations, causes, and public policy implications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68772.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Mikler, John. "Varieties of Capitalism: National Institutional Explanations of Environmental Product Developments in the Car Industry." Connect to full text, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1736.

Full text
Abstract:
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Changing the behaviour of firms to take environmental concerns into account is seen as unlikely without effective regulations. However, corporations are increasingly keen to represent themselves as ‘green’, including those in the world’s largest manufacturing sector: the car industry. Given rising concern for the environment and environmental sustainability since the 1990s this thesis asks: what motivates car firms to actually make environmental commitments? Answering this question has implications for whether these commitments are ‘real’ and if so whether they are occurring in response to material factors (e.g. state regulations and consumer demand) versus normative factors (e.g. social attitudes and internal company strategies). In order to answer it, the thesis applies the insights of the institutional varieties of capitalism approach to the German, United States and Japanese car industries, and specific firms within them, in respect of the environmental issue of climate change from 1990 to 2004. Empirical national data is analysed, as well the environmental reporting of individual firms and interviews with key personnel. The main findings are that what leads the car industry to see environmental issues as central to their business interests hinges on the impact of differing national institutional factors. Specifically, it is a matter of whether firms have a liberal market economy (LME) as their home base, in the case of US firms, or a coordinated market economy (CME) as their home base, in the case of German and Japanese firms. US car firms react more to the material imperatives of consumer demand and state regulations. German and Japanese firms are more mindful of normative factors for their initiatives, such as social attitudes (especially for German firms) and internal company strategies (especially for Japanese firms). They have more of a partnership approach with government. Therefore, car firms have very distinct ‘lenses’ through which they see the environmental performance of the cars they produce. As such, the thesis concludes that the variety of capitalism of nations has implications not just for the type of products that economic actors such as car firms produce, and the competitive advantages they develop, but also the way they address related issues arising as a result of their activities, including environmental issues.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Policy Explanations"

1

Geert, Bekaert. "Peso problem" explanations for term structure anomalies. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1997.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Romer, Christina. Changes in business cycles: Evidence and explanations. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1999.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Prasad, Eswar. The Chinese approach to capital inflows: Patterns and possible explanations. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Prasad, Eswar. The Chinese approach to capital inflows: Patterns and possible explanations. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Organisation for economic co-operation and development. The OECD jobs study: Evidence and explanations. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Carnell, Rob. Overseas investment and the UK: Explanations, policy implications, facts and figures. London: HM Treasury, 1996.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Krishna, Raj. The inequity of the international economic order: Some explanations and policy implications. New Delhi: Research and Information System for the Non-aligned and Other Developing Countries, 1985.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Alistair, Ross. Equalities and education in Europe: Explanations and excuses for inequality. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Pub., 2012.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Julian, Clark, ed. The modalities of European Union governance: New institutionalist explanations of agri-environmental policy. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Meléndez, Edwin. Latino poverty and public policy: Competing explanations of Latino poverty : a guide to the literature. Boston, MA: Boston Persistent Poverty Project, Boston Foundation, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Policy Explanations"

1

Cairney, Paul. "Structural Explanations." In Understanding Public Policy, 111–31. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-35699-3_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Belcastro, Francesco. "Alternative explanations." In Syrian Foreign Policy, 32–44. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge/St. Andrews Syrian studies series: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429060779-3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Shefrin, Hersh. "Behavioral Explanations of Dividends." In Dividends and Dividend Policy, 179–99. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118258408.ch11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Nash, Roy. "Challenging Ethnic Explanations for Educational Failure." In Public Policy and Ethnicity, 156–69. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230625303_11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Brouwer, Stijn. "Explanations of Policy Change and the Role of Policy Entrepreneurs." In Policy Entrepreneurs in Water Governance, 23–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17241-5_2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Matthews, Robin C. O., and Alex Bowen. "Keynesian and Other Explanations of Post-war Macroeconomic Trends." In Keynes and Economic Policy, 354–88. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10338-6_17.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Hayes, J. P. "Explanations of the Process of Decision-Making." In Making Trade Policy in the European Community, 42–50. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23087-7_4.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Hornung, Johanna. "Programmatic Action in German Health Policy." In International Series on Public Policy, 159–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05774-8_6.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractTaking a look at the history of health policy in Germany from 1990 to 2020, this chapter outlines the existence of programmatic action and identifies the programmatic actors relevant to the changes in health policy. The empirical study is based on a discourse network analysis, an in-depth analysis of the biographical trajectories of individuals, as well as a systematic connection of the programmatic content to the individual programmatic actors. Thereby, this chapter provides an explanation for 20 years of health policy developments in Germany. However, it also notes that programmatic action in German health policy has ended in the 2010s, and it provides explanations for why this is the case.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Drahn, Peter. "Theoretical Explanations for the Domestic Impact of EU Law." In Adoption of EU Business and Human Rights Policy, 49–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46935-1_3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Sadler, D. Royce. "Backwards Assessment Explanations: Implications for Teaching and Assessment Practice." In Assessment in Music Education: from Policy to Practice, 9–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10274-0_2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Policy Explanations"

1

Kagal, Lalana, Chris Hanson, and Daniel Weitzner. "Using Dependency Tracking to Provide Explanations for Policy Management." In 2008 IEEE Workshop on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks - POLICY. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/policy.2008.51.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Boggess, Kayla, Sarit Kraus, and Lu Feng. "Toward Policy Explanations for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning." In Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/16.

Full text
Abstract:
Advances in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) enable sequential decision making for a range of exciting multi-agent applications such as cooperative AI and autonomous driving. Explaining agent decisions is crucial for improving system transparency, increasing user satisfaction, and facilitating human-agent collaboration. However, existing works on explainable reinforcement learning mostly focus on the single-agent setting and are not suitable for addressing challenges posed by multi-agent environments. We present novel methods to generate two types of policy explanations for MARL: (i) policy summarization about the agent cooperation and task sequence, and (ii) language explanations to answer queries about agent behavior. Experimental results on three MARL domains demonstrate the scalability of our methods. A user study shows that the generated explanations significantly improve user performance and increase subjective ratings on metrics such as user satisfaction.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Marfia, Fabio. "Using Abductive and Inductive Inference to Generate Policy Explanations." In International Conference on Security and Cryptography. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0005116004570462.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Caven, Meg. "Succumbing to Policy Pressures: Institutional Explanations of Nonstructural School Transfers." In 2020 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1574937.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Turkmen, Fatih, Simon Foley, Barry O'Sullivan, William Fitzgerald, Tarik Hadzic, Stylianos Basagiannis, and Menouer Boubekeur. "Explanations and Relaxations for Policy Conflicts in Physical Access Control." In 2013 IEEE 25th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictai.2013.57.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Alvarado, M., T. Penney, and J. Adams. "OP113 Seeking causal explanations in policy evaluation: an assessment of applying process tracing to the barbados sugar-sweetened beverage tax evaluation." In Society for Social Medicine and Population Health and International Epidemiology Association European Congress Annual Scientific Meeting 2019, Hosted by the Society for Social Medicine & Population Health and International Epidemiology Association (IEA), School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, 4–6 September 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2019-ssmabstracts.112.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Kowarsch, Dandan, and Zining Yang. "A System Dynamics Approach on Modeling Homeless Prevention Strategy: A Case Study of LA County." In Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2022) Integrating People and Intelligent Systems. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100986.

Full text
Abstract:
This article presents a system dynamic modeling approach to simulate the effect of a homeless prevention strategy on the homeless population in Los Angeles. Despite the implementation of rehousing strategy suggested by policy makers, the Los Angeles homeless population has increased over time. Traditional statistics analysis is widely used in researching this topic, but using aggregated data fails to provide sufficient explanations on the correlation between the permanent supportive housing and homeless population. Our system dynamics model overcomes this challenge in a unique way using stocks and flows. We model stocks as key factors that have significant impact on homelessness, including prevented homeless population, the population of the homeless who are in the temporary housing programs, and the population of those who are settled in the permanent supportive housing program. Flows provide details on how stocks are related to each other, allowing memories of the history and interconnection in the homeless system. Each stock may affect the other due to time delays and feedback loops through inflows and outflows. To assess the impact of homeless prevention programs, we perform simulation and scenario analysis by adjusting model inputs including ratios for prevented homelessness and the rapid re-housing. The system dynamics model helps unveil the unintended consequence introduced by the Housing-First policy and allows us to evaluate various policies to come up with data-driven recommendations. The simulation results suggest that prevention strategy could lead to a positive impact on reducing the homeless population. Indeed, the use of Housing-First policy along with a preventative program for homelessness could be considered as a more effective strategy for the mitigation of LA homelessness.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Özgen, Levin. "The Importance of Unemployment with respect to Sustainable Development in the Globalized World." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00688.

Full text
Abstract:
Unemployment is in a continious increasing trend during the 2000s in the globalized world. This fact have negative implications in accordance with the sustainable development which is the main development approach in the discourse of the globalized world. Main reasons of the unemployment in the globalized world may be explained throughout the changes and transformations in the labor process and production organization due to changing phiylosophy and regime, process and mechanizms of the capital accumulation of the capitalist system which has been based on the neo-liberal economy policy. A study about unemployment and it’s implications may be realized by using the system method and consideretaions on emerging facts and literature. After the brief explanations related to unemployment, globalized world and sustainable development, basing on the some statistical data and literature, changes in the labor process and production organization may be taken in hand. Some implications of the unemployment for sustainable development may be discussed. In this study unemployment and it’s sources were taken in hand by considerations on some data and literature. Finally, some solution propositions were tried to set up for unemployment.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

"A Really Simple Explanation of Policy Punctuations? - Interdependence, Complexity, and Policy Punctuations." In 2nd International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004055300970102.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Hayes, Bradley, and Julie A. Shah. "Improving Robot Controller Transparency Through Autonomous Policy Explanation." In HRI '17: ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2909824.3020233.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Policy Explanations"

1

Scoones, Ian. What is Environmental Degradation, What Are Its Causes, and How to Respond? Institute of Development Studies, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.065.

Full text
Abstract:
This short paper explores the question: what is environmental degradation and what are its causes? It seems an obvious question, but it is not. The paper explores definitions of environmental degradation (and restoration), challenging simplistic perspectives centred on ‘carrying capacity’. Five explanations of the root causes of environmental degradation widely applied in policy debates and promoted by different actors are identified.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Rheinberger, Christoph, and Nicolas Treich. Catastrophe aversion: social attitudes towards common fates. Fondation pour une culture de sécurité industrielle, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.57071/882rpq.

Full text
Abstract:
In light of climate change and other existential threats, policy commentators sometimes suggest that society should be more concerned about catastrophes. This document reflects on what is, or should be, society’s attitude toward such low-probability, high-impact events. The question underlying this analysis is how society considers (1) a major accident that leads to a large number of deaths; (2) a large number of small accidents that each kill one person, where the two situations lead to the same total number of deaths. We first explain how catastrophic risk can be conceived of as a spread in the distribution of losses, or a “more risky” distribution of risks. We then review studies from decision sciences, psychology, and behavioral economics that elicit people’s attitudes toward various social risks. This literature review finds more evidence against than in favor of catastrophe aversion. We address a number of possible behavioral explanations for these observations, then turn to social choice theory to examine how various social welfare functions handle catastrophic risk. We explain why catastrophe aversion may be in conflict with equity concerns and other-regarding preferences. Finally, we discuss current approaches to evaluate and regulate catastrophic risk, with a discussion of how it could be integrated into a benefit-cost analysis framework.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Ferguson, Thomas, and Servaas Storm. Myth and Reality in the Great Inflation Debate: Supply Shocks and Wealth Effects in a Multipolar World Economy. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp196.

Full text
Abstract:
This paper critically evaluates debates over the causes of U.S. inflation. We first show that claims that the Biden stimulus was the major cause of inflation are mistaken: the key data series – stimulus spending and inflation – move dramatically out of phase. While the first ebbs quickly, the second persistently surges. We then look at alternative explanations of the price rises. We assess four supply side factors: imports, energy prices, rises in corporate profit margins, and COVID. We argue that discussions of COVID’s impact have thus far only tangentially acknowledged the pandemic’s far-reaching effects on labor markets. We conclude that while all four factors played roles in bringing on and sustaining inflation, they cannot explain all of it. There really is an aggregate demand problem. But the surprise surge in demand did not arise from government spending. It came from the unprecedented gains in household wealth, particularly for the richest 10% of households, which we show powered the recovery of aggregate US consumption expenditure especially from July 2021. The final cause of the inflationary surge in the U.S., therefore, was in large measure the unequal (wealth) effects of ultra-loose monetary policy during 2020-2021. This conclusion is important because inflationary pressures are unlikely to subside soon. Going forward, COVID, war, climate change, and the drift to a belligerently multipolar world system are all likely to strain global supply chains. Our conclusion outlines how policy has to change to deal with the reality of steady, but irregular supply shocks. This type of inflation responds only at enormous cost to monetary policies, because it arises mostly from supply-side difficulties that require targeted solutions. But when supply plummets or becomes more variable, fiscal policy also has to adapt: existing explorations of ways to steady demand over the business cycle have to embrace much bolder macroeconomic measures to control over-spending when supply is temporarily constrained.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Gurung, M. B., Uma Pratap, N. C. T. D. Shrestha, H. K. Sharma, N. Islam, and N. B. Tamang. Beekeeping Training for Farmers in Afghanistan: Resource Manual for Trainers [in Urdu]. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.564.

Full text
Abstract:
Beekeeping contributes to rural development by supporting agricultural production through pollination and by providing honey, wax, and other products for home use and sale. It offers a good way for resource-poor farmers in the Hindu Kush Himalayas to obtain income, as it requires only a small start-up investment, can be carried out in a small space close to the home, and generally yields profits within a year of operation. A modern approach to bee management, using frame hives and focusing on high quality, will help farmers benefit most fully from beekeeping. This manual is designed to help provide beekeepers with the up-to-date training they need. It presents an inclusive curriculum developed through ICIMOD’s work with partner organizations in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Nepal, supported by the Austrian Development Agency. A wide range of stakeholders – trainers, trainees, government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), associations and federations, and private entrepreneurs – were engaged in the identification of curriculum needs and in development and testing of the curriculum. The manual covers the full range of beekeeping-related topics, including the use of bees for crop pollination; production of honey, wax and other hive products; honey quality standards; and using value chain and market management to increase beekeepers’ benefits. It also includes emerging issues and innovations regarding such subjects as indigenous honeybees, gender and equity, integrated pest management, and bee-related policy. The focus is on participatory hands-on training, with clear explanations in simple language and many illustrations. The manual provides a basic resource for trainers and field extension workers in government and NGOs, universities, vocational training institutes, and private sector organizations, and for local trainers in beekeeping groups, beekeeping resource centres, cooperatives, and associations, for use in training Himalayan farmers. Individual ICIMOD regional member countries are planning local language editions adapted for their countries’ specific conditions.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Beshenich, George M. From Carter to Reagan: Formulation of American Foreign Policy during a Time of Transition. An Explanation of Foreign Policy Decisions Based on the Initial Presidential Transition Period. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada362996.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Bruce, Judith, and Shelley Clark. Including married adolescents in adolescent reproductive health and HIV/AIDS policy. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy22.1002.

Full text
Abstract:
The majority of sexually active girls aged 15–19 in developing countries are married, and married adolescent girls tend to have higher rates of HIV infection than their sexually active, unmarried peers. Married adolescent girls represent a sizable fraction of adolescents at risk and experience some of the highest rates of HIV prevalence of any group. Nonetheless, married adolescents have been marginal in adolescent HIV/AIDS policies and programs and have not been the central subjects for programs aimed at adult married women. This paper offers a partial explanation for why married adolescents have so often been overlooked, the reasons why marriage might bring elevated risk of HIV, initial analytic tools to assist policymakers in determining how to accord appropriate levels of priority to the marriage process, five brief case studies, and a menu of potential policy interventions and actions to make married adolescents an integral part of reproductive health and HIV-prevention initiatives.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Ardanaz, Martín, Evelyne Hübscher, Philip Keefer, and Thomas Sattle. Policy Misperceptions, Information, and the Demand for Redistributive Tax Reform: Experimental Evidence from Latin American Countries. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004655.

Full text
Abstract:
Why do individuals preferences for redistribution often diverge widely from their material self-interest? Using an original online survey experiment spanning eight countries and 12,000 respondents across Latin America, one of the most unequal regions in the world, we find significant evidence for an under-explored explanation: misconceptions regarding the distributional effects of current tax policy. Treated respondents who are informed that an increase in the value added tax (VAT) is regressive are significantly more likely to prefer policy reforms that make the tax more progressive. Treatment effects are driven by the large fraction of respondents who underestimate the regressivity of the VAT, even though their misperceptions are linked to fundamental views about the world. These respondents are disproportionately right-leaning and more likely to attribute success to individual effort than luck. Despite the deep-rooted nature of respondents misperceptions, treatment effects are largest among individuals who hold these views of the world. These findings contribute both to understanding the political economy of redistribution and the potential for information interventions to shift support for fiscal adjustment policies protecting the most vulnerable.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Ardanaz, Martín, Evelyne Hübscher, Philip Keefer, and Thomas Sattler. Policy Misperceptions, Information, and the Demand for Redistributive Tax Reform: Experimental evidence from Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004473.

Full text
Abstract:
Scholars have long struggled to understand why individual preferences for redistribution often diverge widely from their material self-interest. The puzzle is acute in Latin America, largely democratic and yet one of the most unequal regions in the world. Using an original online survey experiment spanning 8 countries and 12,000 respondents across Latin America, we find significant evidence for an under-explored explanation: misconceptions regarding the distributional effects of current tax policy. Treated respondents who are informed that an increase in the value-added tax (VAT) is regressive are significantly more likely to prefer policy reforms that make the tax more progressive. We are further able to identify mechanisms. A large fraction of respondents underestimate the regressivity of the VAT. Their misperceptions are linked to fundamental views about the world: these respondents are disproportionately right-leaning and more likely to attribute success to individual effort than luck. Despite the deep-rooted nature of their misperceptions, treatment effects are largest among individuals who believe the VAT is not regressive. These findings contribute both to understanding the political economy of redistribution and the potential for information interventions to shift support for fiscal adjustment policies protecting the most vulnerable.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Sitabkhan, Yasmin, and Linda M. Platas. Early Mathematics Counts: Promising Instructional Strategies from Low- and Middle-Income Countries. RTI Press, July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.op.0055.1807.

Full text
Abstract:
This occasional paper examines common instructional strategies in early-grade mathematics interventions through a review of studies in classrooms in low- and middle-income countries. Twenty-four studies met the criteria for inclusion, and analyses reveal four sets of instructional strategies for which there is evidence from multiple contexts. Of the 24 studies, 16 involved the use of multiple representations, 10 involved the use of developmental progressions, 6 included supporting student use of explanation and justification, and 5 included integration of informal mathematics. Based on the review, we provide conclusions and recommendations for future research and policy.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Morales, Leonardo Fabio, and Eleonora Dávalos. Diffusion of crime control benefits: Forced eradication and coca crops in Colombia. Banco de la República Colombia, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/dtseru.314.

Full text
Abstract:
One explanation for the increasing number of hectares with coca cultivation is that eradication strategies displace coca crops but fail to completely clear affected areas. In the drug policy literature, that dynamic shifting is commonly known as the balloon effect. This study integrates georeferenced agricultural data through spatially explicit econometric models to test the hypothesis that forced eradication displace coca crops. Using annual data for 1,116 contiguous municipalities in Colombia between 2001 and 2015, we estimate a spatial Durbin model with municipal and time fixed effects. Our results suggest that, on average, aerial fumigation in a municipality diffuses the benefits of this crime control strategy to neighboring municipalities.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Policy Explanations' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography