Dissertations / Theses: 'Policy comparison'

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Lee, Nam-kwong Ray. "Industrial policies of Japan, Korea and Taiwan : a comparison /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19926534.

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Liang, Jo-Hui. "A comparison of Trudeau's and Chretien's China policy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq22538.pdf.

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Lee, Nam-kwong Ray, and 李南光. "Industrial policies of Japan, Korea and Taiwan: a comparison." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31954807.

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Kemp, Renatus Paulus Maria. "Environmental policy and technical change a comparison of the technological impact of policy instruments /." Maastricht : Maastricht : Datawyse/Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1995. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6639.

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Xheladini, Zeqavete, and Muhammad Omair. "Regions’ role in industrial and innovation policy, a comparison of Ireland and Finland." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för planering och mediedesign, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1123.

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Since the regional policy nowadays is an important subject in the European institutions, the involvement of regional and local authorities in the programming, management, evaluation and monitoring of operations is essential for the success of EU level policy. A Regional Problem is defined as a problem that arises in an area of a country where there is dependence on a narrow industrial base often faced with declining manufacturing activity, and lack of general infrastructures. Other challenges include low levels of GDP and a net migration out of a country or region. The EU is trying to overcome these challenges by using the Structural funds financing programs to help firms in these regions. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the innovation policy and the industrial policy at the national and regional levels in Ireland and Finland, over the 1990s. In both countries the period from 1991-99 was marked by expansion, as measured by steady output growth for manufacturing as a whole (albeit at substantially lower levels in Finland than in Ireland).
In general, the evidence presented in this paper suggests a positive relationship between innovation policy as reflected in financial support to firms for R&D and business level investment in R&D and innovation activity. R&D financial assistance to firms has been a significant feature of the industrial development policy in Ireland since the 1980s. At the same time, the proportion of manufacturing firms undertaking R&D, product and process innovations increased steadily throughout the 1990s. In Ireland the construction industry boosted economic development as foreign businesses could find favourable conditions for setting up their businesses. Initially tax and grant incentives were given to firms which were later on complemented by high killed labour that could be utilized in high tech businesses.
zeqavete@gmail.com khanomair82@gmail.com

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Cheung, Tat-ming Stephen. "The comparison between the 'Market Housing Model' and the 'Social Housing Model' : the provision of housing in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20129051.

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Vo, Ha An. "Immigration policy review and comparison of Germany, Italy and the Netherlands." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262301.

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The thesis reviews and provides comparison of immigration policies of Germany, Italy and the Netherlands from post-WW2 years to the late 1990s. With regards to the different historical, cultural and social background of each country the dissertation thesis defines the unique approach to immigration and perception of immigrants in each country. The ultimate aim of the thesis is to explain the circumstances that lead to the specific events in the history of immigration policies of the countries in question and bring comprehension in this often overlooked matter.

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Alger, Renée J. "A Comparison of Restorative Justice Ideology Between Administrators, Teachers, and Parents." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5967.

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Researchers suggest that restorative justice processes in schools are a successful alternative to traditional punishments for school discipline, and are used for both reactive and proactive responses to behavior issues. However, the processes are not sustainable if the administration implementing restorative justice do not promote a restorative justice ideology (RJI), and if all systems that impact the student are not aligned. Therefore, study was conducted to compare the level of restorative justice ideology between groups of administrators, teachers, and parents with a validated restorative justice ideology survey instrument that includes cooperation, restoration, and healing, and an accumulative score for RJI as a whole. Data were collected and analyzed with a One-Way ANOVA test at a selected convenience sample of 45 schools in a Western state. Using the theories of restorative justice, pedagogy, and Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems model, the comparison of ideologies between these groups indicated a statistically significant difference between administrators and parents in the restorative justice ideology belief of restoration, and in the overall belief of restorative justice ideology, showing a lack of alignment. The findings can impact social change by the identification of barriers in sustainable implementation of restorative justice in schools. The findings can also be used to suggest an evidence-based model that includes parents and families in all stages of planning, implementation, and continued practice, along with consideration that restorative justice is a belief system rather than a behavior intervention.

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Clausen, Daniel L. "Political Strategy, Leadership, and Policy Entrepreneurship in Japanese Defense Policy and Politics: A Comparison of Three Prime Ministerships." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/906.

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Since the end of the Cold War, Japan’s defense policy and politics has gone through significant changes. Throughout the post cold war period, US-Japan alliance managers, politicians with differing visions and preferences, scholars, think tanks, and the actions of foreign governments have all played significant roles in influencing these changes. Along with these actors, the Japanese prime minister has played an important, if sometimes subtle, role in the realm of defense policy and politics. Japanese prime ministers, though significantly weaker than many heads of state, nevertheless play an important role in policy by empowering different actors (bureaucratic actors, independent commissions, or civil actors), through personal diplomacy, through agenda-setting, and through symbolic acts of state. The power of the prime minister to influence policy processes, however, has frequently varied by prime minister. My dissertation investigates how different political strategies and entrepreneurial insights by the prime minister have influenced defense policy and politics since the end of the Cold War. In addition, it seeks to explain how the quality of political strategy and entrepreneurial insight employed by different prime ministers was important in the success of different approaches to defense. My dissertation employs a comparative case study approach to examine how different prime ministerial strategies have mattered in the realm of Japanese defense policy and politics. Three prime ministers have been chosen: Prime Minister Hashimoto Ryutaro (1996-1998); Prime Minister Koizumi Junichiro (2001-2006); and Prime Minister Hatoyama Yukio (2009-2010). These prime ministers have been chosen to provide maximum contrast on issues of policy preference, cabinet management, choice of partners, and overall strategy. As my dissertation finds, the quality of political strategy has been an important aspect of Japan’s defense transformation. Successful strategies have frequently used the knowledge and accumulated personal networks of bureaucrats, supplemented bureaucratic initiatives with top-down personal diplomacy, and used a revitalized US-Japan strategic relationship as a political resource for a stronger prime ministership. Though alternative approaches, such as those that have looked to displace the influence of bureaucrats and the US in defense policy, have been less successful, this dissertation also finds theoretical evidence that alternatives may exist.

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Ng, Kar-wai, and 吳家慧. "A comparison of home ownership policies in Singapore and Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207658.

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Since the 1960s, as a result of the rapid and outstanding economic growth and industrialization, Hong Kong and Singapore, the two city-states in Asia, were named Asian Dragons among other Asian countries. Historically, both city-states were British colonies, and thus, they both shared similarities in the develop stage of the city in social, economic and political context. In the housing sectors, both city-states have also launched massive subsidized housing programme to facilitate their rapidly growth population with provision of affordable subsidized housing. To assist more residents to become home owners, a series of housing assistance programmes were implemented periodically to help the low and middle income households to climb up to the housing ladder. Despite that the government of Singapore and Hong Kong has implemented similar housing policies approach to their citizens in the beginning stage; yet, as at today, a different achievement in home ownership rate was resulted mainly due to different ruling of governance. This dissertation will first review the home ownership policies of Hong Kong and Singapore in social, economic and political context. In Chapter 5, evaluation on the effectiveness in the subsidized housing supply, land supply, control of affordability of both city-states will be critically discussed and explained why different home ownership rate of Singapore and Hong Kong was achieved. To make this dissertation more fruitful, in Chapter 6, in-depth interviews with Legco members, scholar and graduated students who have profound knowledge in the housing sector would be discussed and analyzed. Last but not least, political obstacles of Hong Kong would be explained in comparing with Singapore in the final chapter. Recommendation on which part of the housing policies of Hong Kong can be learnt from Singapore will be debated from the result drawn from the key findings and the analysis from the in-depth interviews from the previous chapters.
published_or_final_version
Housing Management
Master
Master of Housing Management

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Swain, Nicholas David. "The foreign policy of small states: a comparison of Bhutan and Brunei." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31950061.

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Ho, Chin Ning. "Singapore's public and private transport modes : an economic comparison and policy implications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47764.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-133).
Frequently, public decisions on transportation are based on cost benefit analyses that do not take into account the costs that private individuals are eventually led to spend in order to use these systems, even though these expenditures are sizeable. For FY2006-2007 in Singapore, we estimate that more than 90% of the S$34.4 billion to S$34.9 billion spent on the private automobile system were borne by private individuals. In contrast, only about 65% of the S$1.66 billion spent on the public transport system were borne by private individuals. The inclusion of private expenditures shows that the private automobile transport system costs society at least 20.7 times as much as the public transport system, even though 64% of all morning peak hour trips were made with public transport in 2004. Excluding time costs, private automobile trips cost S$2.05 per passenger-kilometer, or 14 times as much as public transport trips, which cost S$0.143 per passenger-km. Applying derived economic and time cost functions to each trip from the 2004 home travel survey data, we compared trips made among each of the 82 postal sectors of Singapore, and found that the economic costs to society for private car driver trips far exceed those made with public transport for all of the 1,906 postal sector combinations analyzed. Although the time costs for private car driver trips were substantially lower than those of public transport trips for almost all of the origin-destination pairs, these were not sufficient to offset the far higher economic costs to society. We have highlighted particular zonal combinations for which differences in economic, time, and total costs between private car driver trips and public transport trips were very pronounced, as these promise the largest potential benefits to society if the differences between public and private modes were bridged.
(cont.) Therefore policies should be pursued to increase the share of variable automobile costs as a percentage of total costs. In parallel, other policy measures should include improvements of Rapid Transit System coverage specially along the corridors identified in this thesis, increases in road pricing, and actions to shift the burden of parking costs to private motorists.
by Chin Ning Ho.
S.M.

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Oshi, Tomoko. "Innovation performance, policy, and infrastructure : a comparison of Japan and the U.S." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72889.

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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-90).
With flagship corporations in Japan struggling to complete a highly globalized market against increased competition from the US and Asia, the Japanese government has been striving to increase the competitiveness and improve the infrastructure for innovation. In order to regain its standing in the world market, the US government has also been stepping up its efforts to increase opportunities for innovation and strengthen critical partnerships between academia and the private sector. The different approaches taken will be analyzed in terms of their efficacy and ability to convert research into product development and, ultimately, commercialization. This thesis will explore the nations and companies that are seen as innovative in order to understand the critical factors for success. Also, the drivers of innovation will be looked at in detail and then applied to both a Japanese and US context. As the government plays a fundamental role in fostering innovation, the Japanese public sector's contribution and the US government's approach will be looked at in detail and then compared and contrasted in order to decipher the most effective policies for each country. Additionally, academia's role in promoting innovation will be highlighted, with MIT and Tokyo University acting as key examples for the ability of academic institutions to bridge the academic and business worlds. From the comparisons of the roles of academia and government in both the US and Japan, several recommendations will be made. These will center on the US's approach to provide a robust framework in which innovation can thrive, which is contrast to Japan's approach, which relies more on government funding for R&D to quasi-governmental research institutions. The addition of the most successful components of strategies employed in the public sector and in academia in the US to Japan's current approach may provide improve collaborations across sectors and enhance the environment for innovation to thrive.
by Tomoko Oshi.
M.B.A.

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Mafuleka, Alice Whitehead. "Refugee HIV/AIDS program in Cape Town: Comparison with the UNAIDS Best Practice Guidelines (BPGS)." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3741.

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Pillay, Sareesha. "Legislative prescriptions affecting persons with disabilities: a comparison of selected commonwealth countries." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14510.

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Among the diverse citizenry that comprise Commonwealth countries are persons affected by disabilities and who remain vulnerable and under-represented. In light of the challenges of under-representation and the stigmatisation of persons with disabilities globally, the democratic principles of the Commonwealth of Nations have been placed under scrutiny. Thus the constitutionality and fairness of governmental policies and national legislation are criticised for their degree of reflection and representation of the social and political rights of persons with disabilities. This thesis will critically analyse the national legislative and policy frameworks affecting persons with disabilities in selected Commonwealth countries. Comparisons will be made between these selected countries, namely Canada, India, Kenya and South Africa. The Commonwealth and subscription to the United Nations’ Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities will serve as a standardised platform for comparisons. Comparisons of the legislative prescriptions of the respective countries will be instrumental highlighting the challenges in the representation of the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities globally and in improving and strengthening legislative prescription affecting persons with disabilities. The varying levels of development amongst countries and the lack of appropriate infrastructure continue to be detrimental to the effective representation of persons with disabilities and the ability of national governments to develop strong and effective legislative and policy frameworks remains compromised. It is thus essential that attention is directed to the challenges facing countries so that appropriate actions and remediation can improve the vulnerabilities linked to persons with disabilities. This study adopts a theoretical and case law approach. It firstly provides a conceptual framework for disability. The conceptual framework comprises the perspectives on disability that have justified the approaches to persons with disabilities. Theories and values and the international legal framework relevant to persons with disabilities will be provided. The theories and values provide a traditional framework and play an instrumental role in guiding actions toward the effective development of public policy and prescription of legislation. The selected countries will be analysed as separate cases. The countries will be analysed individually prior to the comparative component to acknowledge the strengths, weaknesses and challenges facing each country in relation to its own structure and level of development. The findings are based on themes which emerge from the analysis of the legislation and policies affecting persons with disabilities in the selected countries. The findings are presented in a comparative format owing to the comparative nature of the study. Recommendations that flow from the comparative analysis and findings are proposed in the final chapter. The adoption of the proposed recommendations can strengthen legislative prescriptions affecting persons with disabilities both nationally and internationally and improve the representation of the rights and freedom of persons with disabilities in the global context.

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Hassaneen, Amany Ahmed Elmohamady. "Perceptions of science teacher education in Egypt : a comparison of policy and practice." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251160.

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Dennis, Janelle. "No-Zero Policy in Middle School: A Comparison of High School Student Achievement." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5694.

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Local middle schools have begun implementing a no-zero policy, which compels teachers to assign grades no lower than 50% even if a student did not turn in assignments for grading. In the study setting, high school teachers are struggling to motivate students who have attended a middle school with a no-zero policy in place. High school students who have attended a middle school with a no-zero policy show signs of learned helplessness. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in core course grades between high school students who attended a middle school with a no-zero policy (NZPMS) and high school students who attended a middle school without this policy that would compel the assignment of F grades if earned by the student (FPMS). The theoretical framework is Seligman's theory of learned helplessness. The sample included 1,396 students in a high school who attended either of the two middle schools. Comparisons between mean high school mathematics, science, and English grades were compared using a one-tailed t-test. Effect sizes were measured using Cohen's d. The findings indicated statistically significant small to medium differences in students' core course grades. Students who had attended the NZPMS earned lower high school core course grades in mathematics, science, and English than students who had attended FPMS. Professional development activities were created to train teachers and administrators at the NZPMS about the negative effects of awarding students with passing grades without expanding any or only minimal effort. Positive social change could occur for students' academic careers and professional lives if the no-zero policy is rescinded.

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Shewchuk, David. "World systems theory and military expenditures : a comparison of Sweden and Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64110.

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Jakobovits, Lisa M. (Lisa Michelle). "A comparison of cost-containment instruments for US carbon reduction policies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43183.

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Thesis (S.M. in Technology and Policy)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 124-126).
A cap-and-trade program, as is used in the European Trading Scheme, is currently the most widely discussed method in the US for reducing greenhouse gases. A basic cap-and-trade program operates by mandating a fixed level of emissions for a given period, issuing permits, and then allowing a market for those permits to develop. The resulting market price for emissions permits, and hence the economic impacts of the chosen policy, can only be estimated in advance with a high degree of uncertainty. Many of the current US cap-and-trade proposals contain provisions for cost-containment instruments which reduce the possible range of emissions prices. This paper analyzes the relative effectiveness of three such cost-containment instruments, including a safety valve, an intensity target, and banking and borrowing. The results presented rely on two computable general equilibrium models developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and show the predicted performance of these instruments under a simulated range of economic outcomes.
by Lisa M. Jakobovits.
S.M.

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Alshahrani, Mohammed A. "Police powers, legal rights and pre-trial procedures in Saudi Arabia : a comparison with England and Wales." Thesis, University of Hull, 2005. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5606.

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The exercise of police powers is subject to rules and guidelines, and the event of police powers has occasioned considerable controversy since the inception of the 'new police'. On the one hand, the police clearly need powers to stop people on the street if they are suspected of a crime, to enter people's houses if they suspect that they are hiding stolen goods or firearms and to arrest people they suspect of a crime. They need to be able to interview suspects in the police station and may have to hold suspects in cells. On the other hand, individual citizens need to be able to carry on with their everyday lives without risking being stopped on the streets, having their homes ransacked by the police and being arrested and taken to the police station. Suspects must be protected from torture, brutality and the extraction of false confessions. Special protection may be afforded to vulnerable groups such as the young and mentally ill. Legislation on police powers, therefore, must balance conflicting needs. Saudi Arabia the Stop, Arrest, Detention and Custody Regulation (SADC) was set up in 1983. The regulation provided powers relating to stop and search, arrest, detention. interviewing, and the investigation of crimes It seeks to protect suspects from the abuse of such powers by granting to suspects certain rights and protections. In practice, however, the balance between the use of the powers and suspects' rights is different. The police appear to exceed their powers as they provided and the safeguards are ignored. Therefore, the question is, how do the pre-trial procedures work in practice? No research has been done to examine the pre-trial process in practice in Saudi Arabia. Data collection for the study as carried out using three methods: questionnaire, observation and documentary data from police files. In this research variations have been found between the official regulation and actual police practice.

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Cheung, Tat-ming Stephen, and 張達明. "The comparison between the 'Market Housing Model' and the 'Social Housing Model': the provision of housing inHong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31968211.

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Ptanawanit, Surapone, and Surapone Ptanawanit. "Crucial Factors in teh Development of Social Security in Thailand in Comparison with Australia." University of Sydney. Social Work, Social Policy and Sociology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/487.

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Rich people in Thailand are enjoying higher shares in income transfer than their poor counterparts. This strange phenomenon implies the malfunction of the Thai social security system. Studies on the relationship between social security development and social, economic and political factors are also very limited. These evident constraints are the rationales for this study. A comparative study was chosen because the justification of social security problems would be more objectively valid if r000esearch findings were compared with external criteria. In addition, comparative analysis would clearly pinpoint possible factors that influenced social security development in Thailand. Like many comparative studies, this investigation did not expect only to identify possible influential factors, but it also intended to learn how the modern social security system could be established in a more developed country. However, the findings would be more adaptable if they were transferred from a country that was economically and culturally close to Thailand. By these reasons, Australia, instead of other Western countries, was more appropriate to be the case for comparison. After reviewing theoretical and empirical literature, the research methodology was designed. Basically, the study applied both qualitative and quantitative methods in analysing data gathered from Thailand and Australia. Comparative evidence shows many problems in social security provisions in Thailand. Relatively narrow coverage, low quality and quantity of benefits and services, higher financial burdens borne by people, and marginal welfare rights are the important indications of the severity of the problems. Many factors are responsible for the existence of these problems. The problematic system of social security was partly the legacy of historical development. The effects of historical roots are intensified by many contemporary factors. Undesirable social values, volatile economic growth, late industrialisation and the defeat of socialism are the four major factors that account for the undeveloped social security system. The influences of the four major factors are supported by another four less crucial ones. These supporting factors comprise the elite�s agenda, workers� power, weak non-governmental organisations and population growth. The findings in both Thailand and Australia similarly indicate that religious institutions and colonial influence do not produce significant effects upon social security development. The comparative findings provide valuable guidelines for the suggestions of system development. Several findings help extend existing theoretical explanations of social security development as well. The study recommends comprehensive operational strategies for the improvement of Thai social security. The study made its final suggestion on the importance of applied research based on Western knowledge and experiences for the improvement of Thai social security.

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Fitzsimmons, Deborah A. "Examination of health care costing methodologies : a comparison of the UK and Ontario." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2005. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20001/.

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This research builds upon a body of work on the development and introduction of information systems in the UK National Health Service following the implementation of the White Paper 'Working for Patients'. None of the earlier studies examined the use of the information from those systems for costing health care services, the methodologies used by hospitals for costing their products or the comparability of the output from the costing methodologies used, thereby making this study different from prior work. Costing methodologies cited in the literature are described from the perspective of single organisations. This research analyses the development of an aggregated costing approach, focusing on the issues laced when trying to develop a costing methodology that will be applied to a group of autonomous organisations. The research provides a comparison of health care costing methodologies in both the United Kiiigdom and Ontario, Canada. Collected through interviews and a postal survey tool, data from NHS hospital care providers are analysed to identify both the conformity of the approach and the results of the costing methodologies eniployed. Information from an extended field study is used to review the development of a micro-costing framework in Ontario for radiation therapy services. These findings are then synthesised into a generic framework applicable within other health care organisations seeking to implement a comparative costing methodology. This lramcwork is used to identify possible causes of variance in health care costing approaches. Elements of the framework requiring modification to account for local conditions, such as salary rates or provider availability, are identified and suggestions are made for further work resulting from this research to increase understanding about variability in health care costing methodologies and test the implementation of the generic costing methodology.

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Pourzitakis, Efstratios. "Hedging against energy insecurity: a comparison between China and the EU." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2017. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/423.

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The research compares the energy security approaches and strategies of China and the EU since the early 2000's. It examines the nexus between strategies and approaches of the two actors and it seeks to highlight the importance of domestic issues such as energy security governance and domestic politics. In addition, it sheds light to the notion of hedging which has become recently a buzzword among political scientists. Finally, it takes a critical position towards the mainstream dichotomy between strategic and market-based approaches to energy security. Despite their structural differences, China and the EU share similarities regarding their conceptualization of energy security. Interestingly, both sides have based their perceptions on perceived and contested energy security risks. Hence, in the mid-2000's, the two actors securitized energy due to external factors such as the Russia-Ukraine gas crisis and the so-called "Malacca Strait dilemma". Domestic factors however served as a transmission belt and they determined the process of how these external challenges shaped their energy security perceptions and eventually their strategies. During the last years of the examined period, Beijing and Brussels have adopted more comprehensive and sophisticated approach. Their declared adherence to market-based principles reflects among others their interest in self-identifying as liberal actors. The latter has been a global trend among states. Furthermore, it is concluded that their energy security strategies have distinct differences as well as certain similarities. For many years, issues such as the "Malacca Dilemma" and the European dependence on Russian gas have played an important role to the energy security strategies of China and the EU. Again, the two actors have been incorporating strategic and market-based policies in their energy security strategies that aim at their domestic markets as well as abroad. In order to analyse the energy security perceptions of the two actors, the research assumed that China and the EU have been adopting a hedging strategy. While their behaviour has the characteristics of hedging, a basic difference between the two actors is that for China hedging is a strategic choice while for the EU hedging is a combination of policies adopted by different actors. As a result, while it can be accepted that China has been implementing a hedging strategy the EU has been merely pursuing a hedging behavior. The distinction between hedging strategy and hedging behavior stands as one of the theoretical contributions of this research. Finally, the research chooses the Caspian Sea region as a case-study in order to examine the energy security strategies of China and the EU. Both actors have been seeking access to the Caspian energy resources in order to hedge against their energy insecurities. Their approaches however are fundamentally different as China has established a strong foothold in the region adopting mainly mercantilistic tactics while the EU has been facing important hardships as a result of domestic setbacks that limit the effectiveness of its resource diplomacy as well as due to political incompatibility with the Caspian states. Using the Regional Security Complex Theory as a conceptual starting point, the research approaches the Caspian Sea region as an energy security complex where China and the EU have been also integrated. The research analyses the energy security strategies of China and the EU within the Caspian complex applying the theoretical framework of neoclassical realism. This theoretical novelty can be evaluated as successful and as a result, the research has established an alternative theoretical approach to regional security complexes.

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McGinnity, Frances. "Who benefits? : a comparison of welfare and outcomes for the unemployed in Britain and Germany." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365534.

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Shoemaker, Cynthia L. "Motivation and Job Satisfaction Comparison Between Pre and Post No Child Left Behind Teachers." Thesis, University of Phoenix, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10641619.

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This quantitative study focused on educators entering the classroom as teachers both pre- NCLB and post-NCLB enactment. The specific problems explored in this study was the motivational levels and job satisfaction factors of pre-No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and post-No Child Left Behind (NCLB) public school educators; how motivation and job satisfaction influenced educators’ decisions to remain active in the classroom within an instructional capacity. The participants in this study were public school teachers employed by a mid-sized school district. The research instrument used as part of this study was Mertler’s (1985) Teacher Motivation and Job Satisfaction Survey (TMJS); one of the few motivational/job satisfaction surveys specifically developed for application within the education profession. SurveyMonkey supported the survey, data collection, and statistical analysis. The application of a chi-square, one-way ANOVA, Pearson Correlation, Stepwise Multiple Regression, frequency distribution tables, and descriptive statistics allowed for the identification of a relationship, if one existed, between pre- NCLB and post-NCLB educators motivation factors and job satisfaction levels and teachers choosing to remain actively engaged in teaching within the classroom. The research revealed, while there was no significant differences between pre-NCLB and post-NCLB educators’ motivational levels, job satisfaction factors between the two groups were statically significant different.

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Knopp, Kasey. "A Comparison of Welfare Policies and Health of Aging Populations in the U.S. and Denmark." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1528368566266546.

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Skea, Warren H. "Time to deal, a comparison of the native casino gambling policy in Alberta and Saskatchewan." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq20772.pdf.

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St, Germain Jill. "A comparison of Canadian and American treaty-making policy with the Plains Indians, 1867-1877." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0001/MQ32381.pdf.

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Socias, Luis F. "Telecommunication policy in the Caribbean a comparison of telecommunications in the Dominican Republic and Haiti." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5541.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Several factors affect the development of telecommunications policy in a country. These include government intervention, geography, alliances, and economic stability. By studying different countries, and comparing these factors and the rates of growth of each state, one can further understand the different levels of telecommunications development. This thesis will explore telecommunications policy, its success and failures, in the Dominican Republic and Haiti, where telecommunications has become a major source of jobs and economy due to foreign investments. Analysis of telecommunications policies, regulatory bodies, and agreements will be studied and compared to each country's rate of growth in the past 10 years. This thesis will provide recommendations for the successful implementation of regulatory policies in the named developing Caribbean nations. By examining the policies in these nations, this thesis will determine the effectiveness of the country's telecommunications policy. Additionally, the thesis will explore the influence of specific actors, such as corruption, nonenforcement of regulatory laws, lack of developed accounting and auditing systems, and the limitation of the government in developing policy.

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Saliari, I. (Ioanna). "Reconstructing Somalia:a critical comparison between UNESCO’s 1968 and UNICEF’s 2013 policy documents’ approach to education." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201601151054.

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This thesis focuses on the activities of two UN agencies, namely UNESCO and UNICEF, in the education sector of Somalia, in the first period of independence and the period of reconstruction after the long lasting civil war. It is a qualitative study based on critical discourse analysis using the theoretical lens of postcolonialism, executed through the constant comparative method applied on the following documents; the 1968 UNESCO document; Somalia; School Textbooks and Educational Materials, and the 2013 UNICEF document; Go-2-School initiative 2013–2016; Educating for Resilience. The objective is to locate the main thematic and conceptual differences between the 1968 UNESCO document and the 2013 UNICEF document, place those into a broader historical and societal context, and by doing so determine whether the two UN agencies demonstrate neocolonial tendencies in their approach towards Somalia’s education sector. The thematic differences; the Somali language, the unification of Somalia, women’s and girls’ education and Quranic education, are extracted through open coding. The theoretical and conceptual differences; education as human capital, education as a human right, and educating for resilience are extracted through axial coding. From the thematic and conceptual differences arise the core categories of state-building and nation-building. These are developed in a discussion before offering the alternative of social capital as a state- and nation-building strategy. Much of this thesis’ focus has been placed on the social capital of Quran schools for the rebuilding of Somalia as a State and its consolidation as a Nation. The exclusion of Quranic education, particularly by the 2013 UNICEF document, is considered a dismissal of its cultural, moral and national value and an omitted opportunity for the reconstruction of the Somali Nation-State. The comparison between the two documents offers a view on cultural hegemony applied by the two UN agencies on Somalia’s education sector and the shifts between them due to historical events and societal changes. Nevertheless, both documents demonstrate neocolonial tendencies. However, even though the 1968 UNESCO document makes no attempts of withholding this, the 2013 document veils these tendencies under an ambiguous, rhetoric language.

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32

Walker, James A. "A comparison of the Democratic Security Policy in Colombia and Provincial Reconstruction Teams in Iraq." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Sep/09Sep%5FWalker.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Stabilization and Reconstruction)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2009.
Thesis Advisor(s): Porch, Douglas ; Ear, Sophal. "September 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on November 5, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Democratic Security Policy, Provincial Reconstruction Teams, Combined Action Program, Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Program, Military Support Groups, Colombia, Iraq, FARC, AUC, ELN, Al Qaeda, SSTR, stability, reconstruction, insurgent, demobilization, paramilitary, security. Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-58). Also available in print.

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Ackermann, Glen Charles. "Responding to the threat from Third World air defense systems comparison of U.S. policy options /." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA241929.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990.
Thesis Advisor(s): Laurence, Edward J. Second Reader: Teti, Frank M. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 28, 2010. DTIC Descriptor(s): Air defense, strategic warfare, deterrence, nuclear proliferation, military forces (United States), developing nations, military strategy, navy, theses, regions, response, antiaircraft weapons, missions, marine transportation, arms control, power, water, weapons DTIC Identifier(s): Naval operations, proliferation(weapons), jet fighters, surface to air missiles, international trade, threats, foreign military sales, export, policies, Caribbean Sea, Japan Sea, Arabian Sea Author(s) subject terms: Air defense weapons; Third World; national interest Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-99). Also available in print.

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34

Guy, Stephen R. "On Henry Kissinger and Zbigniew Brzezinsk: A Theoretical Comparison of International Relations & Foreign Policy." W&M ScholarWorks, 1985. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625310.

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35

Picazo, Christine Pilar L. (Christine Pilar Lopez). "Comparison of energy efficiency, emissions, and costs of internal combustion and fuel cell vehicles operating on various fuels." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9562.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Technology and Policy Program, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-117).
This thesis aims to evaluate a new transportation technology (fuel cells) against a proven technology (internal combustion engine). Technology is ever evolving, and the new must be an improvement upon the old; otherwise, there is no sense in adopting the new and unproven technology. For the commercialization of the fuel cell vehicle to be successful, it has to be competitive with the internal combustion vehicle in terms of policy parameters which influence the automobile's development and diffusion. These parameters are performance, environmental effects, and economics. A meaningful comparison considers these parameters. Thus the criteria chosen for the comparison are indicators of the parameters-energy efficiency, emissions, and cost to the consumer. A variety of fuels are chosen for each type of vehicle, and the full fuel cycle energy efficiency and emissions resulting from the extraction, production and consumption of these fuels are considered. This results in a comparison that takes into account the entire system associated with the use of fuels in a vehicle. The energy efficiency and emissions are estimated using a simple Reference Case, and a number of previous studies. The cost to the consumer for each type of vehicle is estimated using previous cost studies. Both the initial cost and the operating costs are included in the analysis. The results of the analysis indicate that, considering the full fuel cycle, fuel cell vehicles are more energy efficient and emit fewer pollutants than internal combustion vehicles. However, the difference between the two are dampened by the inefficiencies and emissions associated with the extraction and production of the fuel. Even if fuel cell vehicles are mass-produced, they are still more expensive than conventional vehicles. Thus there is a tradeoff between improved efficiency and environmental performance, and cost. Fuel cell vehicles may possibly cost less than conventional automobiles if they last longer, and are priced on a per kilometer basis. Despite the higher cost, consumers may be willing to pay a premium for improved performance. Moreover, other considerations not within the scope of this thesis, such as other performance parameters and a vehicle support network, must be taken into account.
by Christine Pilar L. Picazo.
S.M.

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36

Bohůnek, Matěj. "A Comparison of the Unconventional Monetary Policies of the ECB and the FED." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262338.

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The monetary policy of the Fed and the ECB has greatly change as a result of the global crisis. The goal of the thesis is to analyse the evolution of unconventional monetary instruments in the USA and the EU after the outbreak of the global crisis and nowadays with the help of pivotal economic models; namely, the IS-LM-BP model and the quantity theory of money. In addition, the paper should assess the impacts of adopted instruments and programs and draw conclusions about their success. The theoretical part explains the IS-LM-BP framework and the quantity theory of money and describes the unconventional monetary tools that the central banks can use when the interest rates reach the zero lower bound. The practical part analyses EU and US economy with the explained models. Furthermore, the implemented instruments of the Fed and the ECB are described and compared. The thesis should be concluded with the claim that the transmission mechanism was restored with the help of the non-standard measures, however, the desirable price level stabilization has not been reached.

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Bulpett, Carol. "Regimes of exclusion : a comparison of the plural provision of social housing in Hamburg and Southampton." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313168.

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Yau, Foon-chi Lynn. "The arts and education policy a comparison of the Hong Kong and international baccalaureate arts curricula /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37338687.

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Adkin, Amie. "A comparison of regulatory and policy aspects for agro-biotech products in the EU and US." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404961.

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Cengiz, Firat. "Antitrust federalism in comparison : multi-level enforcement of competition policy in the US and the EC." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501125.

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This thesis analyses antitrust federalism in the US and the EC from a comparative perspective. It conducts such analysis in two pillars: First relations between the competition laws of different levels (federal and state levels in the US and Community and national levels in the EC) and second, relations between the competition authorities of different levels in these polities. The thesis aims to initiate a communication and mutual education process between the legal and political science literatures from this perspective. On the one hand, the thesis criticises the legal literature which employs regulatory competition models arguing that these models do not reflect the complexities of modern multi-level polities. In order to inform the legal literature, the thesis critically reviews policy network models and appoints the Dutch network management model for the analysis of relations between the competition authorities.

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Akbar, Yusaf. "The links between trade and competition policy : a comparison of natural resource and complex manufacturing industries." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300595.

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Yau, Foon-chi Lynn, and 邱歡智. "The arts and education policy: a comparison of the Hong Kong and international baccalaureate arts curricula." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37338687.

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43

Chabert, Catherine. "Virtual university in a globalizing world : a comparison of policy initiatives in France and the UK." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2009. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54382/.

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This thesis sets out to compare and contrast the conception, initiation and implementation of virtual university policy-making in higher education in the UK and France between the mid-1990s and the mid-2000s. This thesis falls into a longstanding tradition of cross-national comparative education research. The central thrust of the argument presented here is that the more recent developments in the field cannot be understood as being solely a matter of implementing digital technology into higher education. Indeed, the core issues considered here relate less to the forms that this digital technology may take, and more to how competing models of the virtual university feed into broader questions of the type of learning-society they imply. The comparative method adopted is based on a well-established qualitative research tradition. With this tool, the model of the policy network is explored and is shown to have shaped the planning and implementation of the policy initiatives compared. Data consist of semi-structured interviews with policy actors, as well as a wide range of policy texts. The discourse on the knowledge-based economy strongly advocates the need for higher education to 'modernize' its structures and its curricula in order to support the requirement of the information society of tomorrow. Digital technology has been at the centre of the policy-making of the knowledge-based economy. Strongly associated with this is a tendency to over emphasize our powerlessness in the face of globalization. One of the outcomes of this comparative research is that human agency is as strong as ever and that far from national characteristics being swept away by global policy trends, the dominant relevance of local and regional characteristics in the design and implementation of such policy initiatives remains robust and enduring. The thesis argues that one of the key dimensions of the discourses surrounding the initiatives was not primarily about virtual higher education provision but rather was concerned with purely political agendas.

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HUNG, NGHIEM VAN, and 嚴文雄. "Monetary Policy Comparison betweenVietnam and Thailand." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ehz7fb.

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碩士
中原大學
企業管理研究所
104
Vietnam and Thailand are export-oriented economies and are also ASEAN''s member countries. The exchange rate regime is very important for Vietnam and Thailand since it has a large effect on their entire economies, especially for the export sections. Interest rates in money market also provide a vital factor for both countries. This paper employs the basic model and monetary system of Taylor (2001) to research the topic. On the one hand, we utilize Taylor''s model to discuss about the relationship between GDP, CPI, unemployment rate, inflation rate, interest rate in the US ,real exchange rate and interest rate. On the other hand, we exploit monetary system to discuss the differences between exchange rate policy of central bank in Vietnam and Thailand. The result shows that Vietnam and Thailand interest rate, exchange rate are significant effected. But the U.S interest rate,unemployment， GDP are not significant effected. The major difference is CPI, Vietnam CPI is significant effected but Thailand is not significant .

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Thien, Mai Van, and 梅文善. "Monetary Policy Comparison between Vietnam and Thailand." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24729878800728972085.

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碩士
國立高雄應用科技大學
製造與管理外國學生碩士專班
105
Vietnam and Thailand are export-oriented economies and also ASEAN's member countries. The exchange rate regime is very important with Vietnam and Thailand since it has a large effect on their entire economies, especially is the export sections. Interest rates in money market also provide a vital factor for both countries. This paper employs the basic model and monetary system of Taylor (2001) to research the topic. On the one hand, we utilize Taylor's model to discuss about the relationship between GDP, CPI, unemployment rate, inflation rate, interest rate in the US, real exchange rate and interest rate. On the other hand, we exploit monetary system to discuss the differences between exchange rate policy of central bank in Vietnam and Thailand. The result shows that Vietnam and Thailand interest rate, exchange rate is significant effected. But the U.S interest rate, unemployment， GDP are not significant effected. The major difference is CPI, Vietnam CPI is significant effected but Thailand is not significant.

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Liu, Yuh Wei, and 劉育維. "The Cost Comparison of Life Insurance Policy." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b7rkcm.

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丘湘琳. "A Cross-National Comparison of Smart Grid Policy." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44246323075872319931.

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Lee, Hsiang Tsung, and 李享宗. "Insurance Policy Cost Comparison Under The Stochastic Interest Rates." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04835991260615449785.

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碩士
國立政治大學
風險管理與保險研究所
96
This research is applied in the Stochastic Interest Model to the appraised method of insurance policy cost, such as Net Present Value Method, Marginal Yield Method, Comparative Interest Rate Method and Internal Rate of Return…etc., so as to observe the annual variation of value for different term of insurance policies, and then find out the rate of returns, cost value or trend appeared of index of the insurance policy, and consider it in the same cases to compare the good and bad from the cost or remuneration of every insurance. Hope consumers can finally clearer understand the concept of the insurance policy cost under the rational Stochastic Interest Rate, and on the basis of consumers’ demand for the rational insurance policy cost analysis can offer the competent authority more reference in revealing norms of the insurance policy cost.

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Lee, Hyo-Jin, and 李效珍. "A Comparison on Immigrantion Policy between Taiwan and Korea." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00172360593007122736.

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碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
東亞學系
103
The aim of this study is to investigate the history of immigrants to Korea. By understanding the policies and obstacles of foreign laborers, the author presents the present situation of immigrants in Korea in comparison to immigration policies and context in Taiwan, and explains challenges foreigners face in Korea. It is hoped that the study can provide a reference for expectant immigrants to Korea in order to increase their living standards and quality of life. The structure of the study includes: the development of immigrant policies in Taiwan, the trend of immigrants in Taiwan, the present policy of immigrants in Taiwan, the development of immigrant policies in Korea, the trend of immigrants in Korea, the present policy of immigrants in Korea, and a comparison of immigrant policies in Taiwan and Korea. It is argued that the most urgent problems for immigrants in Korea are from policies for immigrants, including visas, labor insurance, livings, language obstacles, work injuries, and violence in marriages. Some proposed solutions are changes of policies, the establishment of and help from non-governmental organizations, and simplification of visa applications. Social changes in Taiwan and Korea are pretty similar. But policies toward new residents or foreigners, immigrant laws and social welfare in Taiwan are much more open than in Korea. The policies toward immigrants in Taiwan are multifaceted, but the policy toward immigrants in Korea is assimilation. Sometimes, in order to protect the lifestyles of our fellow countrymen, we easily fall short of caring about the lives of new residents. Taiwan is composed of Taiwanese aboriginals, Chinese, Japanese, and Europeans. The international movement of people arises from human need. The author proposes that multifaceted policies could be more powerful and attractive. Policies of the government should be formed in accordance with the opinions of the majority of citizens, but we should still remember rights of smaller groups. We should remember past events in order not to repeat the mistakes of history.

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Chen, His-hung, and 陳錫宏. "The Effect of Monetary Policy and Fiscal Policy: the Comparison between the Two Financial Storms." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34984404631210439283.

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碩士
世新大學
經濟學研究所(含碩專班)
99
The impacts of monetary policy and fiscal policy on the economic fluctuation have been widely discussed. This paper uses Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) simple linear regression model to analyze the macroeconomic effects of changes in government fiscal expenditure and money supply. The sample countries comprise Taiwan, Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia. Besides, I set the dummy variables to indicate the periods of financial storms and include the interactional terms as additional regressors to discuss the effects of monetary policy and fiscal policy in Asian Financial crisis and USA Subprime Mortgage crisis. The empirical result shows that the policy effect on economic growth was not significant for the case of Taiwan and Korea in Asian Financial Crisis because of the time lag of policy. However, Malaysia had used Exchange Control and adopted fixed-exchange rate system. Reducing interest rate and increasing money supply had resulted in apparently positive effect in Asian Financial Crisis period for Malaysia. In USA Mortgage Crisis period, there exist the time lags for the monetary policy in Taiwan, Singapore and fiscal policy in Hong Kong. Singapore practiced some policies like increasing liquidity immediately, reducing tax rate, and offering guarantee work opportunity which had positive effect on economic growth.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Policy comparison'

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