Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Police responses'
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1
Manheimer, Katarina Ahlstrom. "Police Stress: A Literature Study on Police Occupational Stressors and the Responses in Police Officers to Stressful Job Events." PDXScholar, 1993. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4617.
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The present paper is a literature study of stressors and the responses in police officers to occupational stressors. It endeavors to identify and assess common stressors in policing. It further aims to provide an answer to the question of whether police administrative tasks and situations, or the dangerous and traumatic events and situations inherent in policing, are perceived as equally or more stressful by surveyed police officers. The question is relevant as there seems to be disagreement among researchers on police stress about which elements (administrative or dangerous and/or traumatic) of the police occupation is more stressful. Much attention has been given to the treatment of post-traumatic stress in police officers while efforts to prevent administrative or organizational stressors have been largerly ignored. If administrative stressors in policing are equally important as dangerous and traumatic situations and events, more attention should be given to the prevention of such largerly preventable stressful events. The theoretical framework used in the study is that of the transactional concept of stress. In trying to assess what parts of policing are more stressful, a number of empirical studies were examined and compared. Most studies applied a "checklist" approach to identify and rank the heaviest stressors in police work. The methodological quality of available studies was varied, influencing their comparability and generalizability. In spite of these inequalities, the results from the assessment indicates that dangerous and traumatic situations are somewhat more often perceived as the largest stressors than administrative stressors in police work.
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Kayal, Mohammed. "Coping resources and sense of coherence of male police officers in the South African Police Services." Thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/345.
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In South Africa the extraordinary high levels of violence and crime, escalating execution and killings of police officers, large number of murders, hijacking, robberies and shootings have created an unusually dangerous and stressful working environment for the members of the South African Police Services (SAPS). An overview of the literature on the nature of work in the SAPS indicates that these working conditions might have a detrimental effect on the coping resources and sense of coherence of police officers. This study aimed to explore and describe the coping resources and sense of coherence of male police officers in the SAPS. It employed a quantitative exploratory descriptive research design, making use of non-probability convenience sampling. The sample consisted of 70 male police officers who have been in the service of the SAPS for at least two years. All police officers that were included in the sample were also shift workers defined by the SAPS as police officers who work unsociable hours and who are likely to be exposed to violence, risks, danger, and traumatic situations. A further inclusion criterion was that the police officers must not be subjected to possible relocation or transfer as stipulated in Resolution 7/2002. The Coping Resources Inventory (CRI) was employed to identify the coping resources used by the participants and the Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (SOC- 29) was utilised as a measure of the participants’ sense of coherence. A biographical questionnaire collated important demographic and background information. The data was analysed by computing descriptive statistics. To examine the relationship between the sense of coherence and coping resources of the participants, a multiple correlation xv between the total score of the SOC-29 and the subscales of the CRI was conducted. Following this, a Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was utilised to intercorrelate the total score of the SOC-29 and the individual subscales of the CRI. The results of the present study indicated the followings: The SOC-29 revealed relatively low scores for the current sample. Results on the CRI revealed low average scores for both the total and all five scales. The correlational analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between the two measures for the current sample.
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McLachlan, Katherine Jane, and katherine mclachlan@flinders edu au. "Grounds for Hope and Disappointment: Victims/Survivors Perceptions of South Australia Police Responses to Rape." Flinders University. School of Law, 2007. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20070824.131843.
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Internationally, there have been few studies examining the attitudes of people who have been raped towards police (Jordan, 2001a; Lievore, 2005; Temkin, 1997, 1999). Little research in Australia (particularly South Australia) has examined the experiences of victims/survivors of rape with police. Existing data do show that women who have been raped rarely report assaults to police. This has been attributed by researchers to a range of reasons, both personal and systemic, including the influence of stereotypes and myths about rape on victims/survivors decision-making. Rape myths often reflect community attitudes, social norms and police responses. For example, victims/survivors may blame themselves and also expect police will blame or disbelieve them. Such expectations (or subsequent experiences) of negative police responses undermine victims/survivors faith in police. However, this is not the whole story. In reality, police responses to rape are complex and inconsistent, influenced by both individual and organisational factors.
I initiated this study to explore victims/survivors expectations of, and experiences with, police in a transparent and accessible forum. Based on semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 11 women who had been raped in South Australia, my findings illustrated the diversity of South Australia Police responses to victims/survivors of rape and suggested that South Australia Police practices were similar to those of other Australian and English-speaking jurisdictions. Overall, interactions with South Australia Police simultaneously provide grounds for hope and are disappointing (Lievore, 2005: 59; emphasis added). In many cases police responses were disappointing, through service provision that was partly or wholly negative. Specific individual and organisational factors were associated with satisfactory or unsatisfactory police practices. Poor service provision was evident in individual police officers apathy and dismissive or disbelieving responses, and through low prioritisation and limited resourcing of sexual violence at an organisation level. However, my findings indicated that there was also much to be hopeful about when considering South Australia Police responses to rape. The participants in my study often reported exemplary service from individual officers. At the reporting and investigation stages, good practices were based on procedural justice rather than outcome justice: characterised by strong communication, empathy and professionalism at an individual level and consistency at an organisational level.
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Butterworth, Kate. "Breaking barriers and building bridges : police responses to same-sex partner abuse in England and Wales." Thesis, Durham University, 2018. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12875/.
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Partner abuse is now recognised as a problem that affects people within same-sex relationships as well as those in heterosexual relationships, and literature in this area is on the increase. However, there is still a scarcity of research exploring how the police respond to people who report same-sex partner abuse. Using a mixed-method feminist approach, the aim of this thesis was therefore to explore the police responses to same-sex partner abuse in England and Wales. The nature and extent of reported same-sex partner abuse crimes in England and Wales was explored via data gathered from Freedom of Information requests sent to police forces. Alongside these, one-to-one interviews were carried out with victims who had experienced police response (n=4), police officers and staff (n=19), and professionals from statutory and voluntary organisations who support victims (n=12). Findings suggested that a ‘process-driven’ approach was adopted by police; police generally stated that they respond in the same way to all partner abuse incidents. However, this meant that dynamics specific to same-sex relationships were sometimes overlooked. Perpetrators were also found to enact ‘pre-emptive coercive tactics’ to discourage victim help seeking, and cause them to fear a ‘coerced response’ from help-providers. Additionally, gender stereotypes were found to influence police decision making around attribution of blame and risk, with physical injury being the key indicator used to determine risk. Freedom of Information requests also indicated that roughly half of police forces in England and Wales provide little or no specialist support for same-sex partner abuse victims. Implications for policy and practice include a rethink of the process-driven way of working, and ensuring police possess a thorough understanding of coercive control (including risks unique to same-sex relationships). Combining innovative methodology and a variety of participant voices to examine an under-explored area, this thesis offers a unique contribution to a small body of research within the UK exploring police responses to same-sex partner abuse.
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Saulter, Leah J. "The Effects of Simulated Police Presence on Initial Perceptions and Emotional Responses of College Aged Males." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1543334195172356.
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Geron, Stephen Max. "21st Century strategies for policing protest: what major cities' responses to the Occupy Movement tell U.S. about the future of police response to public protest." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/41382.
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CHDS State/LocalThe study of a law enforcement response to a national movement is a homeland security issue. How America polices its population establishes the benchmark for how it treats the world and is worthy of exploration. What can the experiences of four major U.S. cities, in their response to the Occupy Movement, tell us about using emergent strategies for policing protest in the twenty-first century? In the fall of 2011, the Occupy Movement protests swept across the United States in a matter of weeks. Activists demonstrated against income inequality and the state of the economy, and they established camps in major urban areas, occupying public spaces. I conducted case studies of New York City; Oakland, California; Portland, Oregon; and Dallas, Texas, and analyzed the results. That analysis revealed common themes, including a lack of negotiated management, restricting access to traditionally open public spaces by the police and the use of emergent practice in the complex adaptive environment of demonstrations. From this analysis, I am able to provide strategic recommendations for city and police leaders in dealing with protests in the twenty-first century utilizing a sense-making framework that will assist leaders in strategic planning for protests for large and small cities alike.
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Young, Suzanne. "Gender, policing and social control : examining police officers' perceptions of, and responses to, young women depicted as violent." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3572.
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In Britain, there have been growing concerns over the increasing female prison population and treatment of girls and women by the criminal justice system (see Carlen and Worrall, 2004; Hedderman, 2004; Batchelor, 2005; Hutson and Myers, 2006; Sharpe, 2009). In particular, there has been a rising female prison population in Scotland which has been associated with greater punitive controls over the behaviour of women (McIvor and Burman, 2011). The British press have depicted a social problem of certain young women becoming more violent and have attributed this to women’s liberation, particularly in the night time economy (MacAskill and Goodwin, 2004; Gray, 2006; Evening News, 2008). These concerns have attracted widespread media and political attention leading to a steady growth in academic research exploring the apparent rise of violent young women (Burman et al., 2003; Burman, 2004b; Batchelor, 2005). Despite this, there are relatively few studies that examine responses to young women with an emphasis on violent offences. Furthermore, there is a lack of research that has examined the role police officers have played in the control and depiction of young women’s violence. This research investigates the perceptions of and responses to young women depicted as violent from police officers in Scotland. Thirty three qualitative interviews were carried out with front line police officers in 2008 to investigate social control mechanisms employed to regulate the behaviour of young women. The research utilised feminist perspectives to develop an understanding of how young women deemed as violent face formal and informal mechanisms of social control from police officers. The study challenges the apparent increase in violence among young women and instead argues that institutional controls have contributed to young women being labelled as violent. Changes in police practices and zero tolerance approaches towards violence have resulted in a net widening effect that has impacted on the number of young women (and men) being brought to the attention of the police for violent offences. It is argued that this mechanism of institutional control could be a contributing factor towards the rise in the number of young women being charged for violent offences. Police discretion on the basis of gender did have an influence on arrest practices for some of the officers, but there was insufficient evidence to suggest the police officers responded any harsher or more lenient towards women. However, what was apparent was that police officers believed women needed to be ‘controlled’; they perceived them as more unmanageable than men and this defiance towards authority resulted in women being arrested. Women depicted as violent remain to be categorised on the basis of socially constructed gender norms and it is argued that this mechanism of discursive control continues to locate violence within the realm of masculinity. In conclusion, women who are depicted as violent are portrayed as unfeminine and in need of greater social control which is exercised through both formal and informal measures by police officers.
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Perkins, Gráinne. "Danger and death: organisational and occupational responses to the murder of police in South Africa - a case study." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29287.
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Danger has long been assumed a critical feature of the occupational identity of police officials. Much of the scholarly literature on the topic has been dominated by research originating in Europe and the United States. This study draws inspiration from the literature of the global North but investigates danger and death in a Southern locality. South Africa provides a case study for an exploration of danger and death as perceived, experienced and acted upon by a police institution with long-standing paramilitary origins and one that continues to confront high rates of violent crime in contemporary South Africa. In comparative terms South Africa continues to exhibit high rates of police homicide. Research into the context within which such homicides occur, the associative factors that accompany danger and death and the impact thereof on subcultural identity and operational responses remain under-investigated. This thesis attempts to fill this gap by examining how danger and death are perceived, experienced and acted upon by police officials across three units in a police station located in an urban settlement situated on the fringe of Cape Town. The inquiry draws on the conceptual work of Michel Foucault, Pierre Bourdieu and Theodore Sarbin, and utilises both quantitative and qualitative research methods. An analysis of investigative files of police murders in the Western Cape combined with observation of memorial services and extensive participant observation of three police units in a high-crime area of urban settlement, yielded rich data. The research concludes that police construct danger as much as danger, as an objective reality, shapes the police’s experience of danger and their responses to danger. Danger can be said to have both an objective and subjective reality – it is at once constituted and constitutive. The findings illustrate that danger is given material effect through risk reduction strategies; that danger is dramatised through its memorialisation and that danger is normalised and routinised in everyday police practices. Responses to danger and police murder vary from formal or organisational to informal or occupational responses. The relationship between organisational (formal) responses and occupational (informal) responses is complex - there is evidence of both overlap and contradiction to be found in that relationship.
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Trotman, Jemmott Ena. "A grounded theory to understanding police officers' and child care officers' responses to child sexual abuse in Barbados." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2012. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/17503/.
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The complexities inherent in managing child sexual abuse stem from the intersection of micro factors (e.g., personal values, histories of learning and trauma in some cases), exo level factors (such as agency mandates and professional codes) and macro factors (e.g., socio-economic and societal attitudes). Professionals in Barbados who deal with gender-based violence (including sexual exploitation) have a key role to play in addressing this problem. The ways in which they respond, through their criminal investigations, child protection assessments and interventions, are critical in assisting with the amelioration of the effects of CSA and reducing its prevalence. This study furthers our understanding and expands knowledge on the subject by examining professional behaviours in responding to child sexual abuse. Factors such as professional identity and codes of ethics, together with institutional regulations and cultural mores, determine how professionals are likely to respond. A grounded theory approach was employed, in an interpretative constructionist manner, to explore the responses of twenty one (21) participants, comprising ten police officers, eight child care officers and focus group members comprising three new participants and four others previously interviewed individually. Two theoretical paradigms were employed as conceptual lenses to assist data exploration and analysis of emerged meanings. These were the socio-cultural theory of ‘community of practice’, and the feminist perspective, which helped to inform how gender and power might impact on responses. Sitting alongside these approaches is the ecological systems theory, which I have used to ensure that the problem (child sexual abuse) has been located within its wider socio-cultural context. The grounded theory to emerge from the study is that professional responses to CSA result in, and from, multisystem actions within hierarchies of power and status, which validate particular narratives of abuse and minimise others. Professionals are embedded within these systems and, therefore, often find it difficult to respond to CSA in ways that address root causes and provide justice to its victims. The study highlights the need for the training of police officers and social workers to facilitate a greater level of reflection on issues such as power and gender inequality, and to create opportunities for collaborative practice.
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Hoppert-Flämig, Susan. "Striving for security : state responses to violence under the FMLN government in El Salvador, 2009-2014." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/15883.
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This research focuses on the provision of intrastate security and on the question how states in the global South do or do not provide security for their citizens and do or do not protect them from physical violence. This thesis argues that while institutional conditions are an important aspect of security provision in the global South, more attention needs to be paid to policy processes. Institution building as set out in the literature about Security Sector Reform and statebuilding assumes that it is possible to provide security to all citizens of a state by building democratic state security institutions. However, this is only possible if the state is the predominant force of controlling violence. Research showed that this is rarely the case in countries of the global South. This thesis contends that statehood in the global South is contested due to power struggles between multiple state and non-state elites. It argues that the analysis of security policy processes allows for an analysis of security provision in societies where no centralised control over violence exists. It contributes to a better understanding of the shortcomings of security provision in the global South because it shows the impact of societal and state actors on security policy making. Using the case of security policy making under the first FMLN (Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí Front for National Liberation) government in El Salvador (2009-2014), the thesis shows that, in a contested state policy making does not result from a pact between the state and society or from a social consensus as envisaged by parts of the FMLN and other forces of the New Left in Latin America. Instead, policy making results from elite pacts and elite struggles. This is illustrated in the domination of an ad hoc decision-making mode which describes short-term decisions which are insufficiently implemented and easily reversed or replaced. Thus, security provision as a policy field remains focused on elite interests and does not include the interests of the broader population.
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Hoppert-Flämig, Susan. "Striving for security: State responses to violence under the FMLN government in El Salvador 2009-2014." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/15883.
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This research focuses on the provision of intrastate security and on the question how states in the global South do or do not provide security for their citizens and do or do not protect them from physical violence. This thesis argues that while institutional conditions are an important aspect of security provision in the global South, more attention needs to be paid to policy processes. Institution building as set out in the literature about Security Sector Reform and statebuilding assumes that it is possible to provide security to all citizens of a state by building democratic state security institutions. However, this is only possible if the state is the predominant force of controlling violence. Research showed that this is rarely the case in countries of the global South. This thesis contends that statehood in the global South is contested due to power struggles between multiple state and non-state elites. It argues that the analysis of security policy processes allows for an analysis of security provision in societies where no centralised control over violence exists. It contributes to a better understanding of the shortcomings of security provision in the global South because it shows the impact of societal and state actors on security policy making. Using the case of security policy making under the first FMLN (Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí Front for National Liberation) government in El Salvador (2009-2014), the thesis shows that, in a contested state policy making does not result from a pact between the state and society or from a social consensus as envisaged by parts of the FMLN and other forces of the New Left in Latin America. Instead, policy making results from elite pacts and elite struggles. This is illustrated in the domination of an ad hoc decision-making mode which describes short-term decisions which are insufficiently implemented and easily reversed or replaced. Thus, security provision as a policy field remains focused on elite interests and does not include the interests of the broader population.
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McBride, Michelle. "From indifference to internment : an examination of RCMP responses to nazism and fascism in Canada from 1934 to 1941 /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23157.pdf.
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Crisp, Annette. "Perceptions of policing : an investigation into modern community policing responses through the management, administration & development of the Police Community Support Officer in Leicester." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/14145.
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This thesis provides an examination of the historical development and changing management of community policing by reflecting the impact of complexity on the work and role of modern police process, as particularly exhibited in the function and role of the Police Community Support Officer (PCSO). The research, which is central to the review, combines the perceptions of front line police ranks, police managers and members of the public to consider whether their expectations of community policing are the same. Subject responses to scenario based questions associated with common incidents to which the police might respond, were visually mapped and subsequently compared. The resulting maps indicate that there are, in some cases, significant differences between actions and expectations of the three study groups. This highlights the impact and influence of complex systems on police process, evidencing the need to apply and be aware of alternative methods to resolve complex problems in the community.
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Landahl, Mark R. "First responder identity management policy options for improved terrorism incident response." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Sep%5FLandahl.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Studies (Homeland Security And Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Robert Bach. "September 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-78). Also available in print.
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Taylor, Norman. "Policing domestic violence : police policy and discretion and the need for a multi-agency response." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/294.
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As gatekeeper to the criminal justice system the Police Service is placed in a unique position to respond to the problem of domestic violence. The police are a reactive agency that is available 24 hours every day, but the activities, or more appropriately the inactivity, of the police to effectively deal with domestic violence has been the subject of considerable scrutiny over the past 20 years or so. Previous research has tended to centre around the victims and perpetrators of domestic violence and pointed towards a police service that is generally unsympathetic and unhelpful. Whilst considerable advances have been made over recent years and attitudes are changing, there is still the perception, whether right or wrong, that the police stance has not changed sufficiently to make any real difference.
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Anouliès, Lisa. "Trade and environment : policy responses." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0064.
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Cette thèse postule que les interactions stratégiques entre gouvernements sont un élément clé pour évaluer les effets du commerce sur l'environnement. Elle adopte une approche positive visant à découvrir de nouveaux mécanismes théoriques afin de contribuer à la littérature sur le commerce et l'environnement sur les questions suivantes : la politique de l'environnement peut-elle être utilisée comme substitut à des barrières commerciales, et quelles en sont les conséquences environnementales ? Quels sont les effets de la politique environnementale sur l'efficacité productive d'une économie ? Une taxe d'ajustement à la frontière peut-elle soutenir un objectif environnemental ? Les trois chapitres proposent de nouveaux éléments de réponse sur ces questions fondamentales en s'appuyant sur des modèles théoriques mettant en jeu des échanges intra-branche. Le premier chapitre montre que l'intégration commerciale influence les incitations des gouvernements à réglementer les industries polluantes, et que ces incitations varient avec l'échelle géographique de la pollution. Le deuxième chapitre conclut que le coût de conformité avec un objectif environnemental diffère selon les éléments de conception d'un programme de plafonnement et d'échange d'émissions lorsque les entreprises sont hétérogènes et en concurrence monopolistique. Le troisième chapitre prédit qu'une taxe d'ajustement à la frontière promeut la conformité des pays avec l'accord environnemental coopératif, et que cette dimension stratégique est cruciale pour résoudre les distorsions de compétitivité et les fuites de carboneThis dissertation postulates that strategic interactions between governments are a key element to assess the effects of trade on the environment. It adopts a positive approach which is aimed at uncovering new theoretical mechanisms to contribute to the trade and environment literature on the following questions: is the environmental policy used as a substitute for trade barriers, and what are the environmental consequences of such an attitude? What are the effects of the environmental policy on the productive efficiency of an economy? Can a border tax adjustment support an environmental objective? To propose new elements of answer on these fundamental questions, the three independent chapters of this dissertation rely on theoretical models featuring intra-industry trade. The first chapter shows that trade integration influences the incentives of governments to regulate polluting industries, and that these incentives vary according to the geographical scale of pollution. The second chapter concludes that the cost of complying with an environmental objective differs according to the design elements of the cap-and-trade program when firms are heterogeneous and in monopolistic competition. The third chapter predicts that a border tax adjustment induces compliance of countries with the cooperative environmental agreement, a strategic dimension that is crucial for solving competitive distortions and carbon leakage issues
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Fitzpatrick, Katie. "Behavioral responses to public policy reforms." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Klaus, Jennifer Noel. "Schools and Technology: The Schools' Responses to Today's Technological Trends." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1302570531.
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Wang, Lidan. "Currency crises, output costs and policy responses /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Iringe-Koko, I. B. "Illicit tobacco : policy responses, consumption and attitudes." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1463373/.
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The existence of the illicit tobacco trade has serious implications for tobacco control efforts as it encourages smoking by providing tobacco products at a cheaper price. Although this illicit trade has serious ramifications for public health in England, there is very limited data on its nature, the extent of its use and smokers’ views on illicit tobacco. This thesis aimed to address this by utilising a mixed methodology approach which consisted of population based surveys of English smokers and in-depth face-to-face interviews with smokers. Prevalence of illicit tobacco use appeared to decrease between 2007-8 and 2012, but there was an increase from 2010-11 to 2012. ‘Under the counter’ tobacco purchases in retail shops emerged as a prominent source of illicit tobacco, although smokers were able to access a number of illicit sources. Smokers who exclusively purchased illicit tobacco paid much less for their tobacco products compared with those who reported exclusive duty-paid tobacco purchases. Report of illicit tobacco use was more likely in younger smokers, males, smokers in low socio-economic groups, smokers of ‘roll your own’ tobacco and those with high tobacco dependence in 2012. However, this changed with each survey, as illicit tobacco use appeared to become more widespread across socio-demographic sub-groups. Illicit tobacco users reported lower levels of motivated to quit smoking. However, smokers in the interview study reported that loss of access to illicit tobacco would drive them to think about quitting or cutting down on their smoking. The interview study revealed that smokers were able to easily access illicit tobacco in their communities and social circles. In addition, smokers viewed the illicit tobacco market and illicit traders approvingly as providing a means of accessing affordable tobacco products. Furthermore, they were unperturbed by the illegality and associated criminality of illicit tobacco trade. Due to the nature of this illegal activity, further research should investigate how the illicit tobacco market evolves in response to policy efforts.
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Garrison, Tara A. "Media Exposure and Social Response as Predictors of Citizen's Attitudes Toward Police." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6027.
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Police-involved deaths of African Americans have increased over the past two decades, with continued high-profile media exposure. The problem is that extant research provided only a partial understanding and disparate focus about how media exposure, social responses, social media use, and attitudes towards police were possibly related to citizens witnessing acts of police-initiated actions against African Americans in the United States. The purpose of this quantitative study was to assess the predictive nature of media exposure, social response, and social media use concerning citizens' attitudes towards police. The two theories supporting this study and shaped this hypothetical system are media dependency and the structural strain theory. Data were collected using a characteristic profile survey, Index of Social Networking, Offline and Online Activity Levels Measure, and Attitudes Towards Police Scale with a convenience sample of 132 respondents who were 18 year of age or older who are identified as users of the social media platforms Facebook and LinkedIn. Data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation and forward entry multiple linear regression. The overall model was significant (p = .002) and accounted for 12.3% of the variance in the respondent's attitude toward the police, however, media was not significant. This study represented an effort into understanding the sentiments of police and police activity coupled with media-driven and public attitudes towards police-initiated actions. These findings can be used to enhance relationships between communities and the police, especially in the practice of community policing and resolving negative perceptions based on cultural imprints that hinder effective policing.
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Innes, Martin Richard. "Investigating murder : the police response to criminal homicide." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313697.
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Georgic, Will Cameron. "Vulnerability and Policy Response: Unintended Consequences." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1563450002509178.
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Botta, Michael David. "Technological Innovation and Policy Responses in Health Care." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10798.
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This dissertation consists of three papers, two quantitative and one mixed-methods. Paper 1 uses cross-sectional and logistic regression analyses of survey data to assess Americans' opinion on the use of cost effectiveness research (CER) in government health coverage decisions, and to examine the factors predicting approval or disapproval of specific decisions. I use vignettes drawn from real international decisions to assess opinions. I find that opposition to a CER agency is widespread, with partisan affiliations playing a significant role. In general, Republicans are more likely to oppose a government agency playing a role in cost effectiveness determinations. With regards to specific examples, Americans hold even greater opposition, with no significant differences by political affiliations.
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McIntosh, Robert. "State policies in rural South Africa c. 1948 to c. 1960 : Bantu authorities, policy formation and local responses." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313791.
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Abstract The thesis explores the formation, implementation and execution of 'Bantu administration' policies in the African 'reserves' of South Africa. The study begins with an examination of the institutions of segregation, the strains during the 1940s, and the responses of the government of JC Smuts and of the Nationalist opposition. The thesis covers the administrations of OF Malan, JG Strijdom and HF Verwoerd, from 1948 until the beginning of the period of 'grand apartheid', c1960. It examines a major dispute within the cabinet over African representation in state legislatures during Malan's administration and explains its ramifications. It explores the development of the policy of political apartheid, under EG Jansen and Verwoerd, both Ministers of Native Affairs, until the passage of the Bantu Authorities Act of 1951. The narrative continues with an inquiry into politics of African representation, the establishment of Bantu Authorities, and the related policies of 'betterment'. The nature of decision-making and centreperiphery interaction between the 'Head Office' of the Department of Native Affairs and its local officers are of particular concern. The administrative assault on Africans in the reserves, the developing policy of 'self-government' withi n the framework of 'separate development' and the final elimination of any African political representation are all critically examined. Three case studies illustrate the effects of these policies on African communities in the Northern Transvaal. These include the imposition of political structures predicated on a priori 'ethnic' divisions, the distortion of rural development programmes, and the early mass removal of the Mamathola people
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Yesilyurt, Hamdi. "The response of American police agencies to digital evidence." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4725.
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Little is known about the variation in digital forensics practice in the United States as adopted by large local police agencies. This study investigated how environmental constraints, contextual factors, organizational complexity, and organizational control relate to the adoption of digital forensics practice. This study integrated 3 theoretical perspectives in organizational studies to guide the analysis of the relations: institutional theory, contingency theory, and adoption-of-innovation theory. Institutional theory was used to analyze the impact of environmental constraints on the adoption of innovation, and contingency theory was used to examine the impacts of organizational control on the adoption of innovation. Adoption of innovation theory was employed to describe the degree to which digital forensics practice has been adopted by large municipal police agencies having 100 or more sworn police officers.The data set was assembled primarily by using Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics (LEMAS) 2003 and 1999. Dr. Edward Maguire`s survey was used to obtain 1 variable. The joining up of the data set to construct the sample resulted in 345 large local police agencies. The descriptive results on the degree of adoption of digital forensics practice indicate that 37.7% of large local police agencies have dedicated personnel to address digital evidence, 32.8% of police agencies address digital evidence but do not have dedicated personnel, and only 24.3% of police agencies have a specialized unit with full-time personnel to address digital evidence. About 5% of local police agencies do nothing to address digital evidence in any circumstance. These descriptive statistics indicate that digital evidence is a matter of concern for most large local police agencies and that they respond to varying degrees to digital evidence at the organizational level. Agencies that have not adopted digital forensics practice are in the minority.; Researchers investigating the influence of various factors on the adoption of digital forensics practice should further examine environmental variables. The unexpected results concerning the impact of administrative weight and formalization should be researched with broader considerations.; The structural equation model was used to test the hypothesized relations, easing the rigorous analysis of relations between latent constructs and several indicator variables. Environmental constraints have the largest impact on the adoption of innovation, exerting a positive influence. No statistically significant relation was found between organizational control and adoption of digital forensic practice. Contextual factors (task scope and personnel size) positively influence the adoption of digital forensics. Structural control factors, including administrative weight and formalization, have no significant influence on the adoption of innovation. The conclusions of the study are as follows. Police agencies adopt digital forensics practice primarily by relying on environmental constraints. Police agencies exposed to higher environmental constraints are more frequently expected to adopt digital forensics practice. Because organizational control of police agencies is not significantly related to digital forensics practice adoption, police agencies do not take their organizational control extensively into consideration when they consider adopting digital forensics practice. The positive influence of task scope and size on digital forensics practice adoption was expected. The extent of task scope and the number of personnel indicate a higher capacity for police agencies to adopt digital forensics practice. Administrative weight and formalization do not influence the adoption of digital forensics practice. Therefore, structural control and coordination are not important for large local police agencies to adopt digital forensics practice. The results of the study indicate that the adoption of digital forensics practice is based primarily on environmental constraints. Therefore, more drastic impacts on digital forensics practice should be expected from local police agencies' environments than from internal organizational factors.ID: 030646197; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 183-209).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Health and Public Affairs
Public Affairs
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DeBeck, Kora. "Drug-related street disorder : evidence for public policy responses." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30447.
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Background: The objectives of this thesis were to describe the impacts of drug-related street disorder on street-based injection drug users (IDU) in Vancouver, Canada and to explore the potential impacts of three policy interventions (low-threshold supportive housing, low-threshold employment, and supervised inhalation facilities) on the reduction of street disorder.
Methods: Data for these studies were derived from the Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study (VIDUS) which is a community recruited prospective cohort of IDU. Study participants were invited on bi-annual bases to complete an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Various multivariate regression techniques were utilized to assess factors associated with exposure to drug-related street disorder, socializing in Vancouver’s open drug scene, engaging in disorderly income generation activities, and smoking crack cocaine in public areas. Further multivariate analyses were conducted to assess willingness to reduce engagement in behaviours that contribute to drug-related street disorder.
Results: At baseline, 21% of the study sample reported spending over 15 hour per day in Vancouver’s open drug scene on average. Drug scene exposure was found to be associated in a dose-dependent fashion with higher intensity drug use and multiple markers of vulnerability to adverse health outcomes. In further analyses, 43% of participants reported socializing in the open drug scene for 3 or more hours per day, and having limited access to private space was the factor most strongly associated with this behaviour. Among this group 65% reported being willing to relocate if given access to more private space. 47% of participants who engaged in disorderly income generation activities were willing to forgo these income sources if given low-threshold employment, and 71% of crack cocaine smokers who reported recently using in public areas were willing to visit a supervised inhalation facility.
Conclusions: These studies highlight the importance of viewing street disorder in the context of current political, economic, and social conditions and provide a compelling body of evidence indicating that structural and environmental level interventions, specifically in the areas of housing (i.e., provision of private space), employment and supervised drug consumption facilities, are likely to have a positive influence on public health and reduce engagement in drug-related street disorder.
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Spratt, Trevor Martin. "Organisational and professional responses to child care policy developments." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411825.
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Fabusuyi, Olutayo G. "The Mode Most Traveled: Parking Implications and Policy Responses." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2016. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/727.
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A disproportionate number of Americans drive to work alone – at the individual state level, the figure ranges from a low of 58% in New York to 85% in Alabama. What factors explain this travel behavior and what sort of policy responses are required to effect changes? In responding to this question, we used multiple test beds and made the case for a demand side management approach to remedy parking problems particularly observed in cities central business districts. To this end, we provide an overview of travel behavior and information on policy levers by generating detailed profiles that capture the travel behavior of commuters in the Pacific states of the continental United States. Building off the result that revealed San Francisco as an outlier, we examine the efficacy of modifying parking rates, via elasticity measures, to influence the demand for parking by developing a two-stage panel data regression optimization model for managing parking in the City of San Francisco. A key contribution of the research is deriving these price elasticities of parking demand estimates using panel data methods. Coefficient estimates from the panel data regression are used to fit a linear prediction model that is the primary input to the optimization model. The balance of the thesis focuses on parking information by discussing the design and implementation of ParkPGH, a novel smart parking application that provides real time and predictive information on garage parking availability in downtown Pittsburgh. At its core is a predictive model that uses as input historical parking, weather and event data to provide estimates of available parking spaces. We provide an example of the model implementation using data from the Theater Square garage where we utilize neural network-based predictors and multiple net searches to generate both continuous and binary estimates of parking availability. Provision was made for the binary classifier given the need to reduce the possibility of Type II errors.
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Brooksbank, Joselyn. "Family Language Policy: Parental Discourse Strategies and Child Responses." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36128.
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Using transcribed data from six Spanish-English bilingual children (1;8 to 3;3) from the Perez corpus in the CHILDES database, this thesis examines Parental Discourse Strategies (PDS) used to influence child language use in a minority language context (Spanish in the United States). PDS (Lanza, 1992; 1997) are situated within a language socialization framework (Ochs & Schieffelin, 2011) and can be viewed as part of the emerging field of family language policy (King & Fogle, 2013; Schwartz, 2010). This study looked at the overall language use, including the frequency and complexity, of English, Spanish, and mixed utterances by each parent and child in the corpus. The presence and rate of use of the PDS was calculated, as well as their successfulness in encouraging the children to use the minority language, as measured by the language of response to each PDS found. These strategies have been placed on a monolingual to bilingual continuum (Lanza, 1992) based on their expected success in influencing a child to use the language preferred by their parent. Results from a descriptive quantitative analysis of the data at the group and individual levels generally support the Parental Discourse Hypothesis, that is, the claim that certain strategies are more effective than others. Interestingly, it was found that the more successful strategies were used less frequently by the parents, while the less successful ones were more common. This apparent contradiction can be explained by conflicting pressure on parents to promote minority language use while also keeping fluid communication and preserving family harmony. This is discussed and further supported by some qualitative observations of child responses within discourse samples, highlighting children’s role as agents capable of negotiating their own linguistic socialization.
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Woodroof, Kelly. "An analysis of the police response to intimate partner stalking." Tallahassee, Florida : Florida State University, 2010. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-02172010-204304/.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Florida State University, 2010.Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed on July 27, 2010). Advisor: Cecil Greek, Florida State University, College of Criminology and Criminal Justice. Includes bibliographical references.
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Elliott, Misty. "An evaluation of specialized police response teams on motel crime /." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1451083.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2007."December, 2007." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 43-48). Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2008]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm. Online version available on the World Wide Web.
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Rieders, Eliana. "Our Thirsty World: Contextualized Responses to the World Water Crisis." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/26.
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Wars fought over oil have characterized the latter half of the past century, the repercussions of which have been felt in every corner of the globe. Although war remains a constant, attention is transitioning away from oil to another natural resource. As we move through the 21st century, water wars are now at the forefront of global conflicts. Fighting over access to this vital resource is nothing new. Allen Snitow, a documentary filmmaker and journalist claims: “For thousands of years, the conflicts between towns and countries have been defined by the battle over who gets to use the stream. The word rival and river have the same root.”1 Disputes over access to water have been inevitable because of human’s dependence on this natural resource for sustenance. The lack of a substitution for water makes the world water crisis a threat requiring immediate attention and innovative solutions.
The assumed responsibility of the government to provide sustainable solutions has proven ineffective in its failure to protect the human right to water. As a world water crisis, there is a need for a more cohesive management approach. Identifying and implementing effective and equitable approaches to water management is a highly debated subject across many disciplines. A common approach to combating issues of access to potable water involves the private sector and its reliance on the market. Alternatively, some advocate for treating water as a public or community good to avoid the commodification of an essential resource. Through various examples and a fleshed out case study, I illustrate how solutions to the water crisis are not determined by theoretical frameworks, but are shaped by the viability of the approaches in a given region. The factors that influence the feasibility of an approach include: the availability of water resources and other geographical or environmental circumstances; the political stability or corruption within the government; the degree of established infrastructure; determination of who the government is responsible for providing water services to; and the specific cultural needs of different groups. By analyzing the aforementioned theoretical perspectives on water management through a lens that considers each of these factors, I attempt to identify and analyze the context for which these approaches are appropriate and effective in providing equitable access to clean water. The political, economic, cultural and geographical contexts of a region are critical in considering how to best alleviate issues of access to potable water. In addition, I argue that across all of these diverse contexts in which we identify water access issues, it is invariably necessary to treat water as a public good in order to protect the human right to water.
1 Alan Snitow, Deborah Kaufman, and Michael Fox, Thirst: Fighting the corporate theft of our water, (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2007), 3.
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Cobb, Richard Norton. "The merging of agricultural and environmental policy : a study of farmers' responses to policy change." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385192.
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The research aimed to examine the prospects for integration of agricultural and environmental policy in East Anglia. Farmers' responses to a less predictable policy environment and economic pressures are analysed. In addition, their reaction and attitudes towards recent initiatives with an environmental dimension, is explored. A total of 175 farmers were interviewed in 1990 and 1991 in Norfolk and Suffolk. Farmers were deliberately selected who control large areas of land, and who produce large volumes of outputs. The response of these farmers to an integrated agricultural and environmental policy is very important. Unless large farmers are persuaded to take up an initiative, its impact will be significantly diminished. The thesis begins by exploring the policy background in the UK and the EEC, as a context for the research. Pressures to change the course of agricultural policy, and incorporate environmental considerations, are analysed. Initiatives that have the potential to integrate these two policy arms are also examined. In addition, other pressures impacting on farmers and their decision making, notably economic and structural influences, are brought into the study. Theoretical and methodological issues are addressed - the research encompasses both structural and agency impacts. There is considerable difference within and between regions in the study area in terms of farmer response to policy initiatives. Strategies have been developed as a result of economic pressures and policy changes, making use of regional and physical features, especially soils. External capital has reinforced these differences. Only where an integrated policy can be adapted to fit into existing farming strategy is there a realistic prospect of successful take up. Although these farmers, controlling large areas of land, adopt regionally different strategies, they will not readily abandon them to change to untried and untested methods of farming. There is little prospect of widespread convergence of agricultural and environmental policy in the wider countryside
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Reed, Samuel Thomas. "The nuclear terrorism disconnect : electoral incentives and U.S. policy responses." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44465.
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This thesis investigates the range of U.S. threat assessments of—and policy responses to—nuclear terrorism in the United States. It finds that a series of disconnects characterizes political elites’ and the American public’s views and relationships to the politics of nuclear terror. The salience of issues related to nuclear terrorism is not closely linked to the severity of the threat. In turn, the perceived severity of the threat is not strongly correlated with the counter nuclear terror policy response. This thesis assesses the degree of citizen competence in nuclear politics and the degree of elite responsiveness to mass opinion. It also evaluates the full range of elite threat assessments and identifies a number of contemporary trends in public opinion on nuclear terrorism. The thesis advances both domestic and international case studies of American policy responses to the threat of nuclear terrorism.
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McGrath, Tim. "Irrigated agriculture in Vietnam : responses to policy change 1975-1995 /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18518.pdf.
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Plante, Michael. "Three essays on monetary policy responses to oil price shocks." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3380121.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Economics, 2009.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 14, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-12, Section: A, page: 4803. Advisers: Edward F. Buffie; Eric M. Leeper.
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Butorac, Marylin Marie. "Policy responses to gang-related activity in public secondary schools /." Full-text version available from OU Domain via ProQuest Digital Dissertations, 1995.
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Gemenne, François. "Environmental changes and migration flows : normative frameworks and policy responses." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009IEPP0015.
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Depuis quelques années, d’importants déplacements de populations sont régulièrement annoncés comme l’une des conséquences les plus dramatiques du changement climatique. Plusieurs dizaines de millions de personnes pourraient ainsi être contraintes à l’exil en raison des impacts du réchauffement global, selon les estimations alarmistes. Ces prédictions, pourtant, relèvent d’une logique largement déterministe, qui simplifie souvent la relation entre dégradation environnementale et migrations à une causalité directe, et néglige l’importance des cadres normatifs. Cette thèse prend le contre-pied de cette approche, et démontreque l’ampleur et la nature de ces flux migratoires ne dépendront pas uniquement des impacts du changement climatique, mais également – et surtout – des politiques qui seront mises en place pour limiter ces impacts et encadrer ces migrations. Au travers d'une approche constructiviste, la thèse se penche sur les réponses politiques apportées jusqu’ici aux mouvements de population provoqués par des dégradations environnementales. En particulier, elle examine l’émergence progressive de la question des « migrations environnementales » à l’agenda politique, et comment les politiques migratoires et environnementales ont évolué dans des sens différents pour traiter cette question. La traduction de ces politiques sur le terrain est examinée et comparée dans deux études empiriques: le déplacement massif de la population de La Nouvelle-Orléans suite à l’ouragan Katrina, et la migration progressive des habitants de Tuvalu, archipel du Pacifique Sud menacé par la montée des océans, vers la Nouvelle-ZélandeMassive population displacements are regularly forecast as one of the most dramatic consequences of climate change. The thesis shows that such an approch is overly deterministic, and argues that patterns of migration flows depend primarily on policy responses. In a constructivist approah, the research contends that the very conceptualisation of environmental migration, as a political construct, is contingent upon the normative frameworks and policy responses that aim to address it. These frameworks and responses are examined in two policy areas: migration policies and environmental policies. Two empirical studies, in New Orleans and Tuvalu, complement the analysis
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Tylutki, Marcus A. "Optimal response through policy and state-based modeling /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Thomas, Yohann. "Policy-based response to intrusions through context activation." Télécom Bretagne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TELB0057.
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We present in this thesis a novel approach for automated threat response. The emergence of SIM (Security Information Management) platforms, as well as recent advances in the field of intrusion detection, raises the question of response to the threat reported by such tools. Till now, response is mainly left to the initiative of the security officer. Due to complexity of the analysis, such manual response suffers from a lack of reactivity and possibly relevancy. We propose to replace the security officer by a component in charge of assessing threats considering alerts reported by security monitoring tools, and responsible for deciding which countermeasures are suitable. The core of our proposal relies on the use of a contextual security policy, which is instantiated depending on current context. Beyond traditional operational requirements, the policy includes reaction and minimal requirements. The reaction policy deals with threat contexts, which are activated considering alerts, so that new policy instances (permissions or prohibitions) may be deployed according to threat. The minimal policy allows to guarantee requirements which must always be ensured, even in case of threat. The corresponding architecture of a threat response system is provided, and the use of Or-BAC to model reaction and minimal requirements is discussed, to allow fine-grained and suitable countermeasures. Our approach allows to establish the missing connection between security policies and security monitoring (IDS). This results in a continuous assessment of the best compromise between multiple adjustment variables, including security, but also other requirements such as performance, convenience and business constraints.Nous présentons dans cette thèse une nouvelle approche de réponse face aux menaces auxquelles les systèmes informatiques sont soumis. Cette approche est basée sur l'intégration de la notion de contre-mesure au sein même de la politique de sécurité. En particulier, la notion de contexte permet d'évaluer l'état courant du système, et d'exprimer la politique en fonction de cet état. Pour ce faire, le modèle de contrôle d'accès basé sur l'organisation (Or-BAC) est utilisé, distinguant la définition générique de la politique de son implémentation effective en fonction du contexte. Le contexte intègre aussi bien des paramètres spatiaux et temporels que des paramètres plus proprement liés au domaine de la sécurité opérationnelle, comme les alertes remontées par les systèmes de détection d'intrusions (IDS). Ces alertes permettent la caractérisation de la menace à laquelle est soumis le système d'information à un instant donné. Des contextes de menace sont instanciés par notre système de réponse, permettant de déclencher des mises a jour de la politique et son déploiement subséquent. Ainsi, le système est capable d'adapter dynamiquement ses paramètres de fonctionnement en considérant notamment la menace. Nous proposons une approche innovante établissant le lien entre la politique de sécurité et l'un des principaux moyens qui permet d'encontrôler le respect, à savoir les systèmes de détection d'intrusions. Ce lien n'existait pas jusqu'alors, c'est-à-dire que les violations de la politique de sécurité détectées par les IDS n'avaient que peu de conséquences sur les exigences de la politique de sécurité effectivement implementées par les points d'application. Pourtant, force est de constater que l'implementation de la politique ne doit pas être statique. En particulier, nous montrons qu'il est possible de gérer dynamiquement l'accès aux services et aux ressources en fonction de la menace. En outre, ce travail fournit un début de réponse a la problématique de la réactivité et de la pertinence de la réponse face aux menaces. La réponse aux attaques informatiques est le plus souvent gérée manuellement par l'opérateur de sécurité. Ce même opérateur de sécurité manque malheureusement bien souvent de réactivité et de discernement pour répondre de manière adéquate à la menace, notamment parce qu'il est bien souvent noyé sous le flot des alertes ; le travail d'analyse est fastidieux et difficile au vu du nombre de paramètres a considérer. D'un autre côté, les attaques se multiplient, les attaquants mettent de moins en moins de temps a pénétrer les systèmes et à produire des dégâts qui peuvent rapidement se chiffrer en millions d'euros pour les entreprises. Automatiser la réponse est donc une nécessité
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Ketcheson, Kathi Arlene. "Organizational Responses to Educational Telecommunications Policy in Three States: Oregon, Colorado, and Utah." PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1236.
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Prior research on statewide educational telecommunications has focused on cataloging initiatives in various states, describing activities in individual states, or in exploring telecommunications policy from a planning-level perspective. In these studies, it is recognized that policies and implementation behaviors vary across individual states; however, a theoretical basis for how and why policy and implementation models differ among states has not been provided. Research also suggests that many states are moving toward the adoption of successful models from other states, and that there is a need for policy research to assist states in developing policies. This dissertation attempts to apply the systems perspective in organization theory (Thompson 1967; Mintzberg 1983) and concepts from political feasibility analysis (Meltsner 1972; Webber 1986) to qualitative data on educational telecommunications systems in three western states: Oregon, Colorado, and Utah. The research will provide descriptions of activities that can be referred to by state policy makers in evaluating the feasibility of adopting another state's planning model, and in developing their own policies. The research also will contribute to the growing literature on state policies and implementation models for distance education. The three states represent models of educational telecommunications systems prevalent in the U.S., and each differs in the level of statewide planning, governance, finance, and delivery of educational telecommunication represented by its model. Interviews with policy makers and practitioners in each state, combined with documentary evidence and prior research, provide descriptions of organizational responses to statewide policy and planning for distance education. Conclusions indicate that state policies are lagging behind technological change, and that variations in policy and planning among states result from constraints and contingencies imposed on institutions by contextual variables peculiar to each state. States that engage in careful planning for statewide telecommunications, taking into account the political culture, organizational behaviors, and historical relationships between higher education and state government, will have the greatest success in developing and implementing policies.
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Kelly, Holli Maria. "Police response to incidents of heterosexual, gay and lesbian domestic violence." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000kellyh.pdf.
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Horowitz, Shira R. "Topics in Residential Electric Demand Response." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/197.
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Demand response and dynamic pricing are touted as ways to empower consumers, save consumers money, and capitalize on the “smart grid” and expensive advanced meter infrastructure. In this work, I attempt to show that demand response and dynamic pricing are more nuanced. Dynamic pricing is very appealing in theory but the reality of it is less clear. Customers do not always respond to prices. Price differentials are not always large enough for customers to save money. Quantifying energy that was not used is difficult.
In chapter 2, I go into more detail on the potential benefits of demand response. I include a literature review of residential dynamic pilots and tariffs to see if there is evidence that consumers respond to dynamic rates, and assess the conditions that lead to a response.
Chapter 3 explores equity issues with dynamic pricing. Flat rates have an inherent cross-subsidy built in because more peaky customers (who use proportionally more power when marginal price is high) and less peaky customers pay the same rates, regardless of the cost they impose on the system. A switch to dynamic pricing would remove this cross subsidy and have a significant distributional impact. I analyze this distributional impact under different levels of elasticity and capacity savings.
Chapter 4 is an econometric analysis of the Commonwealth Edison RTP tariff. I show that it is extremely difficult to find the small signal of consumer response to price in all of the noise of everyday residential electricity usage.
Chapter 5 looks at methods for forecasting, measuring, and verifying demand response in direct load control of air-conditioners. Forecasting is important for system planning. Measurement and verification are necessary to ensure that payments are fair. I have developed a new, censored regression based model for forecasting the available direct load control resource. This forecast can be used for measurement and verification to determine AC load in the counterfactual where DLC is not applied. This method is more accurate than the typical moving averages used by most ISO’s, and is simple, easy, and cheap to implement.
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Ertas, Nevbahar. "Public school responses to charter school presence." Diss., unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-09272007-170214/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2007.Title from file title page. Electronic text (142 p. : ill.) : digital, PDF file. Christine H. Roch, committee chair; Gary T. Henry, Gordon A. Kingsley, Gregory B. Lewis, Mary Beth Walker, committee members. Description based on contents viewed May 8, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 132-142).
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Kisthardt, Adam M. "Selecting hostage negotiators for the Pennsylvania State Police Special Emergency Response Team an examination of methods of personnel selection /." Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only. Instructions for remote access, 2000. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 2000.Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2946. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as, preliminary leaves [2-3]. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-90).
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Dudley, Tom E. "Plant closure and policy response : an examination of the LDV closure, impact and response." Thesis, Coventry University, 2015. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/c2b86698-a866-4246-8004-5600b29290e9/1.
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The de-industrialisation of the UK economy caused by globalised international markets, advancements in technology and production with changing consumer demands have made much of what was ‘traditional’ manufacturing redundant; this has led to industrial restructuring or even collapse, resulting in mass job redundancies. Market and industrial pressures have intensified since the late 1990s, culminating in the symbolic collapse of MG Rover in 2005 in addition to other key producers in the West Midlands, which represented the end of mass automotive production in the region (Donnelly et al. 2012). This came alongside various geographical, political and economic factors, including the restructuring of regional development agencies, prolonged industrial decline and a period of national economic recession, which presented challenges for any recovery. This thesis examines more precisely the closure of the commercial vehicle manufacturer LDV in 2009, once a part of the larger conglomerate British Leyland. The closure further reinforced the decline in UK automotive manufacturing until that point. The research involves the corporate collapse of LDV and the local government reaction to the closure and the following re-employment pathways of the redundant LDV workforce. The research continues the discussion of plant closures and the issues that redundant workers face when engaged in the labour market during economic recession. In particular, the thesis contribution employs a qualitative approach to examine the difficulties faced by the office tier, or ‘white collar’, workers who possess relatively high skills and who regarded as flexible and less vulnerable workers within the labour market. Yet this research exposes that highly skilled specialist workers are themselves also subject to unique issues when adjusting to the labour market. This topic is covered through the concept of worker trajectories: the research illustrates the unique employability issues and job precariousness that highly skilled workers can experience. The research concludes that the ability of highly skilled redundant workers to adapt effectively requires local job recovery strategies to implement short- and long-term policies with an emphasis on better job search and network development for individuals to sustain a resilient economy, and to mitigate the effects of plant closure upon redundant workers and maintain high skills within the region.
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Paszkiewicz, Natalia. "Care, welfare and enforcement : responses to asylum seekers and refugees." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2011. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/e53ebd58-94f4-4720-837f-598e5b5832a3.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research project is to critically investigate the intersection between british asylum policy and social care practice. The study evaluates normative frameworks present in the policy documents related to social care provision to asylum seekers and refugees, explores how front line social care workers' practice aligns with those policies, and looks into the consequences of their assessments and interventions on the lives of asylum seekers and refugees in England.
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Wei, Marlynn H. "University Policy and Procedural Responses to Students at Risk of Suicide." Yale University, 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-08282007-152235/.
Full textAbstract:
Colleges and universities have recently faced several lawsuits brought by parents of students who have committed suicide or made suicide attempts. The lawsuits are based on varying claims, including negligence, breach of contact, and discrimination. In crafting policies to respond to these lawsuits, universities should not simply seek limiting institutional liability but should balance the private interest of their students, the relationship of the school to parents of the students, requirements of due process, and their commitment to antidiscrimination principles. This paper focuses on the current procedural protections in university policies handling students at risk of suicide. I argue that suicidal ideation or attempt should not be treated as if the student has committed a disciplinary infraction, but should be treated as a mental health issue that should therefore not trigger a disciplinary proceeding. However, institutions should not be so quick to dismiss using disciplinary proceedings as a last resort since such a process affords students protections of minimal due process. I propose that the objectives of procedural due process, fairness, preserving the student-institutional relationship, and fact-finding in this situation should include an intermediate mediation step before resorting to disciplinary hearings or involuntary medical withdrawal.
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Linden, Eric S. "Illegal file-sharing in the academy : assessment, implications, and policy responses /." Link to online version, 2005. https://ritdml.rit.edu/dspace/handle/1850/1130.
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