Dissertations / Theses: 'Police officers'

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Campbell, Michael Armstrong. "African American Male Police Officers' Perceptions of Being Racially Profiled by Fellow Police Officers." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3434.

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African American police officers, as other African Americans, report being subjected to racial profiling by police officers, and that these encounters have, in some cases, resulted in excessive and unjustified use of force. These types of occurrences have resulted in a divide between African American and Caucasian police officers. The purpose of this phenomenological research study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of African American male police officers in the State of New Jersey who feel they have been discriminated against by fellow law enforcement officers. Weber's social relationship theory served as the theoretical framework for this study. Data were collected through semistructured interviews with a snowball sample of 20 participants. Data were coded and analyzed using a modified van Kaam method of analysis. Findings revealed that most participants felt they had been stopped for no reason, and that they were disrespected by fellow officers, even when they revealed they were law enforcement officers. Many times, participants sensed that the disclosure of their status as a police officer was met with increased suspicion. Consistent with social relationship theory, a significant theme was that participants perceived that they were considered by Caucasian officers to be a member of a subgroup, rather than a member of the dominant group. The implications for positive social change include recommendations to law enforcement policymakers and leaders to learn about the detrimental effects of racial profiling on African American male police officers' morale, work ethic, job satisfaction, and personal feelings of worth as well as to focus resources on creating stronger policies against racial profiling and effective training and oversight of police officers.

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Geltz, Sara. "Partner violence by police officers /." Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1136095001&sid=22&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Misiūnas, Eimutis. "Legal Status of Police Officers." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100901_090346-02295.

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The thesis addresses legal status of police officers by scrutinizing efficiency of the institution, identifying the key determinants of the efficiency and modeling legal measures that would allow prompt reaction to the unstable environment of the police service. Efficiency of Legal Status is analyzed via assessment of elements of the legal status and classification of those into four correlative segments. The work comprises an eight year evolution of the efficiency, its sociological indexes in police services exercising patrolling of public places, control of traffic safety and protection of secured objects. The thesis evaluates effects of social environment (community) and political and economic factors upon efficiency of legal status in general and, by scrutinizing legal regulation in each segment individually, identifies faults and shortcomings in the efficiency and evaluates readiness of police officers to exercise their functions by comparison of training programs for primary pack police officers in Lithuania, Ireland and Finland. The thesis ends with a range of proposals on legal regulation of individual segments of the legal status that would allow enhancement of efficiency of legal status and on compensatory mechanisms to maintain restored efficiency of legal status. Conclusions of the survey reveal that the legal status of police officers regulated in accordance with positivistic legal theories is inefficient and neither meets demands of police officers nor the needs... [to full text]
Disertacijoje nagrinėjamas policijos pareigūnų teisinis statusas, tiriant šio viešosios teisės instituto veiksmingumą, nustatant ir įvertinant pagrindinius veiksmingumo determinantus ir modeliuojant teisines priemones, leidžiančias greitai reaguoti į kintančias policijos pareigūno veiklos sąlygas. Teisinio statuso veiksmingumas tiriamas vertinant teisinio statuso elementus, klasifikuojamus į keturis tarpusavyje koreliuojančius segmentus. Vertinama veiksmingumo pokyčio dinamika aštuonių metų laikotarpyje ir jo sociologiniai rodikliai policijos tarnybose, vykdančiose viešųjų vietų patruliavimą, eismo kontrolę ir objektų apsaugą. Disertacijoje įvertinama socialinės aplinkos (visuomenės), politinių ir ekonominių veiksnių įtaka teisinio statuso veiksmingumui apskritai ir kiekvienam teisinio statuso segmentui, analizuojamas segmentų teisinis reguliavimas, nustatant jo nepakankamumą ar ydingumą, vertinama policijos pareigūnų parengtis funkcijoms vykdyti, analizuojant ir lyginant Lietuvos Airijos ir Suomijos pirminės grandies policijos pareigūnų mokymo programas. Disertacijoje pateikiami pasiūlymai dėl teisinio statuso segmentų teisinio reguliavimo, sudarančio prielaidas didinti teisinio statuso veiksmingumą, ir dėl kompensacinių mechanizmų, skirtų palaikyti atkurtą statuso veiksmingumą. Tyrimo išvados atskleidžia, jog pagal pozityviosios teisės tradiciją reglamentuojamas ir įgyvendinamas policijos pareigūno teisinis statusas nėra veiksmingas, netenkina nei policijos pareigūnų, nei... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

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Mackoff, Randy. "Frequency of police officers' problems and the sources of counselling most preferred by police officers." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28108.

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The purpose of this study was to establish the frequency of problems that members of Police Force X experience or have experienced, and to determine which source of counselling the members of Police Force X would prefer most for each problem. A single stage sample design was used for this study. Two hundred non-commissioned police officers were randomly selected and were mailed a questionnaire through the police department's in-house mail system. One hundred and fifteen police officers returned completed and usable questionnaires. With the exception of an under representation of female police officers, the sample was representative of the population. The analysis of data showed that the five most frequent problems reported by the respondents were anxiety that interferes with the enjoyment of life, alcohol abuse, depression, financial problems, marital problems and sleep disturbance (these problems are presented in alphabetical order, and not in order of frequency). Further, for thirteen of fifteen presented problems the majority of respondents selected outside psychiatrist or psychologist as the most preferred source of counselling. For the problem of boredom and alienation members were equally divided between outside psychiatrist or psychologist and peer counselling as the most preferred source of counselling. The study concluded with a discussion of practical implications and recommendations for further research were presented.
Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate

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VELASCO, AMANDA DINUCCI ALMEIDA B. "NOBODY CARES FOR POLICE OFFICERS: THE DISCOURSE OF THE POLICE OFFICERS OF A PACIFYING POLICE UNIT AND ITS RHETORICAL RESOURCES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=24435@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
A presente dissertação investiga o modo como policiais de uma Unidade de Polícia Pacificadora (UPP) do Rio de Janeiro percebem sua prática profissional e os riscos e relações que modelam e são modelados por essa prática na comunidade. Com base na análise de recursos retóricos utilizados na fala dos policiais em cinco entrevistas de pesquisa, buscou-se contribuir para o entendimento desse novo modelo de policiamento em um contexto que apresenta demandas específicas recentemente organizadas. Buscou-se também trazer contribuições para uma reflexão crítica sobre os cursos de formação desses policiais. Os resultados apontam que os policiais da nova geração se posicionam em contraste com os policiais de rua e os policiais mais antigos, em função do maior grau de risco de suas atividades e do maior grau de efetividade no serviço ao cidadão. Por outro lado, apontam também para fatores que dificultam o sucesso do modelo, como a falta de apoio da comunidade, de reconhecimento de seus superiores, do Estado, da Polícia Civil e da sociedade como um todo.
This dissertation investigates how police officers from a Unidade de Polícia Paificadora, Pacifying Police Unit, perceive their professional practice and the risks and relationships that shape and are shaped by this community practice. Based on the analysis of rhetorical discourse seen in five research interviews, the goal was to contribute to the understanding of this new law enforcement model in a context that presents specific demands that were just recently organized. An effort was made to bring contributions to critical thinking about the training courses that these professionals attend. Results show that the new generation of police officers contrast to street policing and more experienced police work force. It is this way because there is a higher risk of activities and a greater level of effectiveness in serving citizens. On the other hand it also shows the factors that will make the success of the model more difficult, such as: lack of community support, acknowledgement from their superiors, the State, Civil Police and society as a whole.

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Szczur, Samantha. "Gendered performances of female police officers." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1115832623.

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Kwong, Wing-yin Regina. "Stress-related growth among police officers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29740563.

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Barnard, Sarah. "Police officers' attitudes about rape victims." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1569988.

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Police officers are often the first contact a victim of rape has with the criminal justice system and may be the first people to whom rape victims disclose. To examine the extent to which police officers endorse rape myths, this quantitative study assessed their views about rape victims, along with the effects of demographics and experience. The Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale--Short Form was administered to 66 patrol officers in Southern California. The officers scored in the mid-range of this scale, which addresses seven different categories of common rape myths, such as "she lied" and "she asked for it." For some rape myths, females and ethnic majority officers indicated less endorsement of rape myths. These findings reveal a need for more in-depth research on police officers. Social workers who work with the victims of rape should advocate for increased education of law enforcement personnel about rape and its victims.

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SZCZUR, SAMANTHA LEAH. "GENDERED PERFORMANCES OF FEMAL POLICE OFFICERS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1115832623.

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To, Yuet-ha Julia. "Changing "cop culture" : attitude to discretionary power by patrol officers /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20621966.

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Guclu, Idris. "The Information-Seeking Behavior of Police Officers in Turkish National Police." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84210/.

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A current trend that has emerged as a result of the information age is information-seeking behavior. From individuals to large social institutions, information-seeking behavior is utilized to attain a wide variety of goals. This body of work investigates the information-seeking behaviors of police officers who work in police stations in the Turkish National Police force. The study utilizes Leckie et al.’s (1996) model of information-seeking behavior of professionals. The findings indicated that police officers initially consulted their personal knowledge and experience. Next, officers rely upon their colleagues and then official documents. These information sources were consulted in the context of both conducting tasks and staying current. However, contrary to expectation, they rarely consulted informants. In addition police officers rarely consulted printed journals, libraries, books and attendance at conferences as information sources. The results of this study show that there were significant differences in the information sources used by police officers based on their gender in the context of staying current. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the context of conducting police station tasks, by gender. Surprisingly, there were no significant differences in the information sources used by police officers based on their educational level. There were significant differences in the use of information sources by age, service years in police stations and service years in policing in the context of conducting police station tasks. Lastly, the results of this study indicated that service years in policing and the roles in police station were significantly correlated with the information sources used by police officers regarding staying current. This body of work offers insight into the factors that guide the information-seeking behaviors of police officers.

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Davis, Claire. "Police leadership : an exploratory study of the perceptions of police officers." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2017. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/33121/.

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Studies of police leadership have focused on the identification of good practice and effectiveness in leadership which has involved the application of existing frameworks to the understanding of leadership. The perspective of police officers, and importantly their understandings of leadership, is left unexamined. Similarly, current research and policy typically conceptualises leadership in the police as rank-free, with leadership and rank discussed as separate constructs. Within a social constructionist theoretical framework, this thesis provides a critical analysis of senior police officers’ understandings of leadership in the police. Based on 38 semi-structured interviews from chief constable to inspector rank in one UK police constabulary, this thesis presents a framework of ideas about the meanings of leadership in the police and considers the taken-for-granted assumptions embedded in these meanings. Informed by grounded theory, the analysis shows that the authority of rank is central to the understanding of police leadership; the assumptions attached to rank reflect assumptions about the nature of leadership. The concepts of 'doing' and 'undoing' of rank describe the different ways rank is used in police leadership. The doing of rank refers to ways in which the authority of rank is prioritised, emphasised and reinforced, compared with the undoing of rank, which describes the downplaying of rank as an authority in leadership. The findings show the ways in which rank acts as a barrier to alternative leadership practices in the police. This thesis argues therefore that an understanding of the influence of rank in police leadership or 'rank awareness', is essential precursor to the development and acceptance of participatory or collaborative leadership in the police.

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Prince, Jane. "Processes of identity in female police officers." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1993. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8753.

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Almost all studies of policewomen are concerned with strong and specific strains on the identity. The literature reviewed reveals both two social divides and two occupational divides. Theories of identity are also reviewed and these similarly separate into those concerned with socialisation and others which focus on struggles, on conflicts. Both draw attention to the social contexts and to coping strategies. From these literature based accounts a methodology is derived which brings together the quantitative and the qualitative through the use of the survey, the interview and participant observation. There were 152 respondents, 24 interview subjects and three periods of observation. The key link is to be found in the Theory of Type. There is a policewomen personality which extraverts 'sensing'; external world patterns and facts are preferred to abstract relationships. This type is in balance with the background characteristics identified. Family members encouraged joining, educational levels are higher than average and the women joined especially for job security and pay along with a value of public service. Their dislikes spread across their treatment by both men and the management structure. Their likes are for the variety and unpredictability of the work itself. The critical incident interviews deepen the understanding of the conflicts experienced, five major conflicts being identified. The responses include confrontation, a strategy previously unidentified as having the same degree of Significance as others in managing conflicts of identity. Passing and denial are much less frequently used. The longer serving and the promoted women are more likely to be confrontational in their responses to contradictions. The distinction between policewomen and policewomen was not identifiable in this sample. The greatest preference for managing contradictions and conflict was through assertion and confrontation. These data lead to the conclusion that gender identity can be a synthesis rather than a segmentation. Furthermore this synthesis may be both personal and stable and an aspect of policewomen whether on or off duty.

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Hill, Travis D. "Perceived Stress Among Police and Correctional Officers." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3390.

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There is no doubt that police and correctional officers face an extraordinary amount of work related stress. The current study hopes to shed additional light on what stressors each profession perceives as being particularly stressful, establish how each profession copes with these stressors, and conclude with what similarities or dissimilarities exist between the two. Officers working for various police and correctional facilities in East Tennessee were surveyed for this study. Independent samples t-test determined that police and correctional officers are similar in many ways. However, correctional officers did reported statistically higher rates of stress associated with organizational aspects of the job (p=.029). Correctional officers and police officers reported identical rates of operational stress, overall stress, and use of coping strategies.

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Hardin, Donal Alfred. "Public-Police Relations: Officers' Interpretations of Citizen Contacts." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1850.

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Perceptual differences in how citizens and police view police-initiated contacts can result in individual and communal tension, mistrust, and social strife, which complicate the relationships needed in order to thrive and promote safe environments. To examine how police officers interpret these contacts, this case study sought to explore the nature of citizen-police relations from the perspective of police officers in a city in the northwest part of the United States. Social contract and procedural justice theories were used to examine the circumstances that officers cited for taking enforcement actions, including operational definitions of police fairness and legitimacy from the Queensland Community Engagement Trial. Data were collected from interviews with 10 officers during police ride-alongs and from departmental data related to officer performance. These data were inductively coded and then analyzed using a naturalistic inquiry approach. Findings suggest that police officers were amenable to creating formal, quasi-contractual agreements between police and citizens based on a shared understanding of how police exercised power and discretion to guide the citizen-police interaction. Participants perceived that, under certain circumstances, explaining police discretion to citizens may decrease the level of community tension police officers experience. These findings support the theoretical constructs of procedural justice and have implications for social contract theory. This type of arrangement encourages positive social change by strengthening the ties with community members, which in turn promotes officer and public safety.

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McAninch, Thomas McCarthy John R. "The meaning of education for police officers an ethnographic study /." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1989. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9014753.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1989.
Title from title page screen, viewed October 25, 2005. Dissertation Committee: John McCarthy, Paul Baker (co-chairs), George Padavil, Ray Schmitt, Rod Riegle. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 185-193) and abstract. Also available in print.

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Commons, Jennifer Lynne. "Teachers or "Real" Police Officers?: A Study of DARE Officers in Northeast Tennessee." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2005. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0130105-160039/unrestricted/CommonsJ020905f.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A.)--East Tennessee State University, 2005.
Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0130105-160039 Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.

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Piraino, Peter Thomas. "Pre-employment Polygraphs and Ohio Law Enforcement Officers' Perceptions of Police Misconduct." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4246.

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Despite convincing evidence of the polygraph instrument's lack of scientific validity and reliability in assessing deceptiveness in individuals, public-sector organizations in the United States continue to use the polygraph examination as a pre-employment screening tool. In addition to its lack of acceptance in the scientific community, little is known about the effectiveness of polygraph examinations, given as part of pre-employment screening, in predicting future misconduct in law enforcement officers. Two theoretical frameworks, Baumgartner and Jones' punctuated equilibrium model of policy change and Alvesson and Spicer's theory of functional stupidity, provided the theoretical foundation for this study. The purpose of this correlational study was to investigate the relationship between use of the pre-employment polygraph and officers' perceptions of police misconduct, which is a suspected precursor to actual future misconduct. Survey data were acquired through a convenience sample of 190 Ohio police officers. Data were analyzed using logistic regression. Findings revealed no statistically significant relationship between the pre-employment polygraph examination and officers' perceptions of police misconduct. The findings of this study begin to erode conventional thought that there are only positive aspects of the pre-employment polygraph. Law enforcement leaders and public policy makers such as police chiefs, county sheriffs, and local government administrators may benefit from this study. As a potential for positive social change, this study provides public policy makers with empirical data, as opposed to reliance on conventional wisdom and anecdotal evidence, for informed decision making about use of the pre-employment polygraph in public-sector hiring.

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Sjögren, Erika. "About the Alleged Racism among Swedish Police Officers." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Behavioural Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-3954.

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The main aim of the present research was to investigate whether Swedish police officers who often are accused of being racist are more prejudiced toward people with non Swedish-origin than other occupational groups. Three groups (n = 108) – police officers, fire fighters and teachers participated in the study that was carried out using questionnaires and IAT-tests. The study showed that the police officers were not the most prejudiced occupational group in the explicit measurements and were the least prejudiced in the implicit measure. The two different methods of measuring prejudice were assessed and did not show any correlation

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Krahé, Barbara. "Police officers' definitions of rape : a prototype study." Universität Potsdam, 1991. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3392/.

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The study investigates police officers' definitions of different rape situations. On the basis of the concept of 'cognitive prototypes' a methodology is developed which elicits consensual feature lists describing six rape situations: the typical, i.e. most common rape, the credible, dubious, and false rape complaints as weil as the rape experiences that are particularly hard vs. relatively easy for the victim to cope with. Qualitative analysis of the data allows the identification of the characteristic features defining the prototype of each rape situation, as weil as comparisons between the situations in terms of their common and distinctive features. It is shown that police officers, while sharing some of the widely held stereotypes about rape, generally perceive rape as a serious crime with long-term negative consequences for the victim. The quantitative analysis of prototype similarity between the six situations corroborates this conclusion by demonstrating a high similarity between the prototypes of the typical and the credible rape situation: In addition, subjects' general attitude towards rape victims is measured to compare the prototypes provided by respondents holding a positive vs. negative attitude towards rape victims. Findings for the two groups, however, reveal more similarities than differences in their descriptions of rape prototypes. The paper concludes with a discussion of the feasibility of the prototype approach presented in this study as a strategy for investigating implicit or common-sense theories of rape.

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Karlsson, Ingemar. "Memories of traumatic events among Swedish police officers /." Stockholm : Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-493.

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Shoultz, Eleanor. "Barriers to reporting : police officers discuss male rape." Thesis, University of East London, 2011. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3510/.

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Male rape is an underreported crime and an under-researched phenomenon within Psychology generally. The thesis presents a discourse analytic study, which suggests an understanding of male rape from the perspective of culturally embedded understandings of sex, constructed notions of hegemonic masculinity and sexuality in Western society. This thesis focused on front counter police and their accounting practices for male rape, to explore whether they hold culturallybound discourses to explain male rape as laypeople do. The police are instrumental in managing this crime and will have interaction with survivors; hence information concerning their perspective of male rape is of vital importance, particularly in relation to the complexities of male rape and barriers to reporting. The study focused on interactional negotiations of meanings. Thus, discursive psychology (DP) theory and methodology were used to analyse the focus group transcripts. Four interpretative repertories were identified; male sexuality and rape repertoire, barriers to reporting rape repertoire, ambivalent society repertoire and media influence repertoire. Within each of the repertoires, two distinct patterns of talk were identified. Generally, the repertoires provided several implications for theory and practice in relation to front counter police officers' accounting for male rape; namely, that they did not see the culture of policing as necessary or able to change with respect to how male rape is viewed and dealt with, particularly in relation to other 'institutions' such as the media and the law. The front counter officers despite training, nevertheless drew on common cultural stereotypes of male rape, and thus suggested that police officers could undergo extensive awareness training on male rape to understand the complexities encompassing the phenomenon revealed here.

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Willis, Jason Glenn. "Exploring the dispositions of effective university police officers." Thesis, Northern Kentucky University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3707337.

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The primary purpose of this study was to determine if effective university police officers differ from less effective university officers based on their perceptions/dispositions according to perceptual psychology theory. By establishing that effective university police officers possess specific dispositions, strategies can be developed to identify these dispositions in police officer candidates during the hiring process and to continue supporting their dispositional growth afterwards. This could potentially lead to the hiring of effective university police officers who are more likely to become engaged in the university community and ultimately improve organizational effectiveness. Effective university police officers typically approach their duties with the same philosophy as effective educators, social workers, or coaches would approach their work. Four dimensions associated with officer effectiveness were studied: perceptions of self as identified, perceptions of others as able, perceptions of purpose as larger, and a frame of reference as people-oriented.

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Tsyhankova, Viktoriia, and Вікторія Олександрівна Циганкова. "Personal Markers of Professional Crises of Police Officers." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/52253.

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1. Pomytkina L.V., Polukhina M.P. Features of value-motivational sphere of law enforcers in the period of the crisis of professional formation. Socialization & Human Development: International Scientific Journal. Volume 1. №1 / Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, University of Szczecin (Poland), Ukrainian Association of Educational and Developmental Psychology (Ukraine)-Szczecin, Kyiv, 2019. – Pagess 50-57. https://doi.org/10.37096/SHDISJ-19-1.1 2. Zhdanova I. V. Motyvatsiina skladova profesionalizmu pratsivnykiv orhaniv vnutrishnikh sprav / I. V. Zhdanova // Visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu vnutrishnikh sprav. – 2004. – № 28. – S. 456–462. 3. Balabanova L. M. Osobystist subiekta pravookhoronnoi diialnosti v aspekti dynamichnykh peretvoren u systemi Ministerstva vnutrishnikh sprav [Elektronnyi resurs] / L. M. Balabanova. http://www.pravoznavec.com.ua/ period/chapter/8/59/2136.
The police profession is an activity that takes place in special conditions and is associated with high stress, risk and responsibility. This profession is very difficult and dangerous to health (both physical and mental) and even life. Therefore, personal and professional crises, the passage of which is characteristic of any person, in police officers may become particularly acute and maladaptive. The level of responsibility of a police officer should always be at the highest level, which can also lead to rapid professional burnout, chronic stress. If you combine this with the presence of a crisis, you can face an employee who is desperate in himself and his profession, does not know what to do and where to move next. All this makes it impossible to feel job satisfaction, professional well-being, which in turn reduces efficiency and professional reliability. However, it is obvious that the professional activity of a police officer is a guarantee of the safety of citizens and himself. All this points to the need to create effective measures to maintain the vitality of police officers, maintain their health and psychological well-being.

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Eadens, Danielle M. "Police officers' perceptions regarding persons with mental retardation." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002498.

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Edwards, Bradley D. "Perceived Value of Higher Education Among Police Officers." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3285.

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The purpose of this study was to examine whether police officers perceive higher education to be important in improving their job performance and promotional opportunities, whether the perception of higher education varied by several independent variables, and the types of suggestions that officers might have for improving the college curriculum. Independent variables included gender, age, level of education, type of police agency, academic major, years of service as a police officer, and job duty. The dependent variable was scores on 3 dimensions: general attitude toward higher education, perceived utility of a criminal justice related degree, and career-related competencies. A 34- item survey was administered to police officers from five departments in Spring 2017. There was a 40.53% response rate with a total of 216 completed surveys. Descriptive statistics, independent-samples t tests, one way analysis of variance tests, and Pearson r coefficients revealed a mixed view of the perceived value of higher education. Officers who had completed bachelor's degrees and those officers employed by municipal agencies had a significantly more positive perception of higher education. No significant differences were found between the independent variables and the perceived value of a criminal justice related degree or the importance of career-related competencies. This study also found several common suggestions for improvement to the higher education curriculum, including more hands-on experience, instructors with experience as law enforcement officers, and improved writing and interpersonal communication skills.

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Obasi, Jonah E. "Police Officers' Perceptions of Body-Worn Camera Technology." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4544.

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In the past several years, police-community relations have received enormous scrutiny based on several high-profile incidents involving the use of deadly force. Politicians, civil societies, and victims' families have called for law enforcement agencies to equip local officers with body-worn cameras to increase transparency and accountability. The purpose of the study was to investigate how law enforcement officers in a Sheriff's office in the Southern United States perceived ease of use and usefulness of body-worn camera technology and to identify if gender and years of service related to police officers' acceptance of body-worn cameras as a component of their regular uniform. The theoretical foundation for this study was based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) developed by Davis in 1989. Paper survey using TAM instrument was used to collect data from officers at the training center. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine which independent variables predicted the frequency of use of body-worn cameras. Analysis of data collected from 88 officers found that their perceptions of the ease of use of body-worn cameras were moderately and positively correlated with their perceptions of the cameras' usefulness and their attitudes toward the camera. The relationship between usefulness and years of service was negative, indicating that as officers' length of service increased, their perceptions of body-worn cameras usefulness decreased. However, officers' attitudes toward using body-worn cameras were a predictor of their reported frequency of use. Findings from the study could contribute to positive social change by providing policymakers with new tools to craft training policies to enhance police-community relations.

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YILDIZ, SERDAR. "DETERMINANTS OF THE WELL-BEING OF POLICE OFFICERS IN THE TURKISH NATIONAL POLICE." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2850.

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ABSTRACT This research evaluates the relationships of time balance, social relations, role conflict, perception of work environment, and fourteen control variables to police officers' well-being in Turkish National Police. Well-being is identified in the management literature as having a strong relationship with performance. Therefore, by finding the factors affecting well-being, this research seeks to identify intervention strategies, which can promote a healthy workforce and police performance. Such interventions, in addition, may improve police performance through improved well-being. Individual police officers were analyzed to better understand the relationship between work environment on family life, social life, and the well-being of the police officers. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the seven geographic regions of Turkey for all branches of Turkish National Police. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to validate the measurement of latent constructs and their relationships. A 45-item questionnaire collected demographic data and items associated with the latent constructs such as time balance, social relations, role conflict, perception of work environment, and the police officers' well-being. This 45-item questionnaire was based on two survey instruments that have been used by Eurofound in Europe for two decades. The response rate for the questionnaire in this dissertation was 47.14% with 495 respondents out of 1,050 subjects. The analysis revealed statistically significant relationships between following latent constructs: time balance and well-being (an indirect effect via role conflict), time balance and social relations, time balance and role conflict, social relations and role conflict, role conflict and well-being, and perception of work environment and well-being. In addition, six control variables (rank, department, optimism, isolation, income sufficiency, and working days per week) were statistically significantly related with well-being. No direct significant relationship was found between time balance and well-being, and social relations and well-being constructs. Eight control variables (gender, marital status, service time, extra work, confusion, region, work type, and working hours per day) had no significant relationship with well-being. These findings support some commonly expressed complaints of police officers. These findings also suggest that attention should be paid to the effects of time balance, income sufficiency, work environment, and workdays on the well-being of the officers.
Ph.D.
Other
Health and Public Affairs
Public Affairs PhD

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Fields, Rarkimm K. "The Ferguson Effect on Police Officers' Culture and Perceptions in Local Police Departments." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6422.

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The Ferguson effect is a recent hypothesis that suggests police officers have been influenced by negative media coverage of police conduct. The problem this study addressed is how policing continues to deal with perception, civil liability, and accountability issues related to police misconduct when interacting with Latino and African-American communities. The research was conducted to examine influence the Ferguson effect may have had on the culture and perceptions of police officers in local police departments. With a phenomenological qualitative approach, the research data were collected from interviews with 7 police officers across 3 police departments. The theoretical background of Merton's theory of unintended consequences offered insights into how law enforcement functions and the kinds of policies that affect police-civilian relations. Data was analyzed with NVivo 12 data analysis software. Four predominant themes emerged: (1) commitment to service, (2) police officers' perception of the media, (3) impact of the Ferguson Effect, and (4) attitudes toward civil liability. The research indicates that the officers shared a strong commitment to service as well as being satisfied overall with the police department where they work. In addition, the participants acknowledged the Ferguson effect but did not believe it prevented them from performing their sworn duties. With this research study, the police officers' voices can be added to the national debate regarding the Ferguson effect and their perception of its impact on their culture in local police departments, community engagement with minority citizens, and civil liability.

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Kucukuysal, Bahadir. "Determinants of Turkish Police Officers' Perception of Integrity: Impact of Organizational Culture." Doctoral diss., Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002242.

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Villone, Edward J. "Officers Armed With Degrees: Does Education Shield Law Enforcement Officers From Complaints?" Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1288069360.

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32

To, Yuet-ha Julia, and 杜月霞. "Changing "cop culture": attitude to discretionary power by patrol officers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978708.

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Chikwem, Chidiebere. "The Relationship of Job Stress to Job Performance in Police Officers." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4608.

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For the past 3 decades, police officers have been diagnosed with various stress-induced health problems. Police officers are at a greater risk of various environmental health problems due to the stressful nature of their profession. While there is abundant research that explores the relationship between high stress occupations and environmental health, researchers have yet to sufficiently explore the relationships between police officers' job stress and job performance. The purpose of this correlational study was to use Cohen & McKay's conceptualization of the stress-buffering hypothesis to explore whether police officers' physical exercise moderated the negative impact of job stress on their job performance. Data were collected through an online survey administered to police officers from 2 metropolitan police departments in the United States, and data were analyzed using a hierarchical regression procedure. Findings indicted that approximately 80% of the variance in police officers' job performance is explained by job stress, indicating a negative relationship between police officers' job stress and job performance. The findings also indicated that police officers' physical exercise was positively related to their job performance. Positive social change implications stemming from study may include recommendations to police department leadership to emphasize the importance of moderating occupational stress through exercise as a method to improve their job performance. These efforts may contribute to improved public safety outcomes in communities in the United States.

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Quesada, Ruben. "Shades of Brown and Blue| Understanding Latino Police Officers." Thesis, Grand Canyon University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10608510.

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The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of what it means to be a Latino police officer within the theoretical foundation of the Latino Critical Theory (LatCrit). The research questions focused on how Latino police officers lived experiences influence their ability to maintain ethnic self-identity and assimilate into the police organizational culture. This study examined Latino police officers who have an intersectional status when their identity as an ethnic minority is in competition with their professional identity status as a police officer. The study was composed of Latino police officers who shared a common connection in the use of the Spanish language. The researcher used a convenience sampling strategy based on current or past membership within the Arizona National Latino Police Officer Association (AzNLPOA) who represented various police agencies in the Phoenix, Arizona Metropolitan area. In person, semistructured, open-ended interviews served as the data collection instrument, while a modified van Kaam phenomenological approach was used to analyze the transcripts. Results indicate that the police organizational culture was the most influential factor in what it means to be a Latino police officer, but challenged the beliefs that the police organizational culture will eventually strip away the racial identity of an individual. For these Latino police officers, the use of the Spanish language caused them to maintain a heightened sense of awareness of their Latino ethnic self-identity, yet allowed them to succeed and thrive within the police organizational culture and the Hispanic or Spanish speaking community.

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Magnus, Jennifer Victoria. "Female Police Officers| The Influence of a Masculine Culture." Thesis, Northcentral University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10635186.

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The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to identify and understand the strategies and experiences of female police officers working within the masculine culture of police organizations. Using Acker’s gendered institutions theory, the researcher explored the organizational culture and subculture of the police and how police culture potentially places limitations on the career success of female police officers. The data came from semistructured interviews with seven female police officers working for a municipal police agency within Alberta, Canada. The researcher also analyzed publicly available data which included a 2013 workplace review and audit of a police organization in Alberta, Canada as well as a 2017 workplace harassment review of Canada’s Federal police service. The researcher found the themes that aligned with Acker’s gendered institution theory included: (a) experience the need to prove self, (b) experience sexual and gender harassment, (c) positive experience from fellow officers, (d) negative experience from fellow officers, (e) experience of positive behavior from supervisors, (f) experience of negative behavior from supervisors, (g) experience related to work and family, (h) experience bullying and labelling, (i) experience psychological stress, and (j) experience masculine culture. The study findings assisted in providing valuable information concerning gender issues related to the recruitment, promotion, and retention of female police officers within a Canadian police organization. The research results suggested further examination of experiences of female police officers, as well as male police officers, is needed to fully understand the effect masculine culture has on police organizations.

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Lo, Kwan-tung, and 羅君東. "Indebtedness of Hong Kong police officers: gambling or overspending?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42575540.

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Brough, Paula Ann. "A longitudinal investigation of police officers' psychological well-being." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246272.

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Evans, R. E. "Police officers' experiences of social support after traumatic incidents." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1361008/.

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Overview This volume is in three sections. The literature review examines the evidence for social support mitigating Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in emergency service personnel. Nineteen studies met the criteria for the review. A negative correlation between social support and PTSD symptoms was consistently reported, but the quality of evidence was variable. Further longitudinal research, and more sophisticated measurement of social support, is needed. The empirical paper reports on a qualitative study exploring police officers’ experiences of supportive and unsupportive interactions following potentially traumatic incidents. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 police officers; transcripts were analysed thematically. A range of supportive interactions were described. Ambivalence about the use of talking was common, especially in the work context. Formal sources of work-based support were viewed sceptically, with a preference for humour and indirect talk with colleagues. Outside work, partners were a central source of support, although concerns that others would not understand the nature of emergency work or required protection from it, acted to constrain these interactions. The critical appraisal reflects on the process of planning and executing the research presented in the empirical paper, with a focus on recruitment and the interviewing process. The intertwining effects of the researcher on the research, and vice versa, are considered, with reference to epistemological and personal reflexivity.

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Lo, Kwan-tung. "Indebtedness of Hong Kong police officers : gambling or overspending? /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42575540.

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40

Dasher, Andrew David. "Technology Distractions on Patrol: Giving Police Officers a Voice." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1777.

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Distraction while using mobile technology devices such as a cell phone or tablet computer is a common occurrence within the civilian population of the United States. U.S. police officers are increasingly utilizing these types of devices within the patrol environment. However, little is known as to how distraction affects police officers while they interact with these devices in the course of their daily duties. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore how officers process potential officer safety issues on patrol, while interacting with mobile technology, by questioning participants' perception of distraction. This was accomplished through a phenomenological paradigm that was framed within the concepts of unintended consequences (a subset of systems theory) and load-induced blindness (a subset of cognitive load theory). Data were collected through 10 semi-structured interviews, 2 extensive observations, and researcher-authored memos in conjunction with police officers of a medium-sized city in a western state. These data were analyzed in order to discover themes using a modified Van Kaam methodology. Results were expressed in 7 themes: conflicts with policy intent versus application, uncertainty in chain-of-command communication, reluctance to take tablets outside patrol vehicles, technology distraction's relationship to stress, presence of load-induced blindness, depressed ability to self-assess levels of distraction, and active engagement in risk-lowering strategies related to technology distraction. Implications for social change include informing police administrators and policy creators about research outcomes applicable to: modifications of policy, work-flow optimization, and technology use.

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Allen, Monique. "Crisis Intervention Team Training Among CIT-Trained Police Officers." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5301.

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The problem addressed in this phenomenological study was the lack of documentation that supported the lived experiences of crisis intervention team (CIT) trained police officers related to their encounters with persons with mental illnesses (PwMI). The purpose of the study was to explore the lived experiences of officers among CIT-trained police officers to address the problem. Using the Giles's communication accommodation theory and Rogers's protection motivation theory (PMT), the purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of CIT-trained police officers of PwMI during CIT encounters. Rogers's PMT was aligned closest with the teachings of CIT training as described by the study's participants. Participants provided data which was comprised of completed questionnaires and transcribed interviews. The method of analysis used was a combination of inductive coding and theme analysis that established the results of this study. Key findings of the study identified a significant amount of frustration expressed in the lived experiences of the CIT-trained police officers. Pushback from the public mental health facilities helped with the frustration experienced by CIT-trained police officers who applied the fundamentals of PMT and attempted to navigate treatment with the limited resources available to help PwMI in crisis. The positive social change produced from this study includes recommendations to police leadership and mental health advocates to encourage certain CIT training-related practices that directly impact CIT field encounters with PwMI in crisis. Specialized training may promote improved departmental outcomes, assist with injury reductions, and enable police officer accountability and reliability.

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Waters, Yolanda. "The Psychological Impact of Taser Utilization in Police Officers." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3420.

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A substantial body of scientific and medical research has examined the relationship between conductive energy devices and their physical risk to humans. This phenomenological study focused on the psychological impact of Taser utilization in police officers. This research explored how the experience of using a Taser in the line of duty affected officers from the conceptual framework of stress inoculation training and its applicability to Taser certification; the typical mental processes associated with using less-lethal weapons, perceptions of Taser training; and, the preparation provided in training for citizen injuries and deaths. Fifteen officers who had deployed a Taser were included as participants. The sample consisted of 2 randomized groups of 5, and 1 convenience group of 5 officers involved in Taser-related deaths. Data were collected through digitally recorded interviews of the officers' lived experiences. Data were analyzed using a 5-step method of constant comparison to develop and code themed clusters using the officers' own words. Findings showed officers believed the Taser was the best non-lethal device available but they preferred not using a Taser on citizens. In addition, Taser training may not be legally sufficient as defined in relevant court cases. A recommendation is that stress inoculation segments should be included in Taser training courses. Findings indicate Taser-related deaths have the potential to cause extreme stress and trauma in the officers, changing their lives and that of their families forever.

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Bartgis, E. Elaine. "Police education : factors underlying the decision of police officers to seek higher educational opportunities /." Full-text version available from OU Domain via ProQuest Digital Dissertations, 1994.

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44

Carrier, Joseph J. "Police training and public policy : the formation and implementation of Peace Officer training in Missouri /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3012954.

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Ufford, Steven Patrick. "Police Officers' Perceptions of Changes in Their Behavior While Being Video Recorded." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7207.

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Body worn cameras (BWCs) are a newer piece of equipment that has been issued to police officers in efforts to increase transparency and improve relations with the community. Researchers who have just recently begun studying the effects of BWCs have observed changes in behavior of officers who wear the equipment. Some of these changes potentially have an adverse effect on citizens and the officers who wear BWCs. Lipsky's street-level bureaucracy theory was utilized to examine police officer use of discretion when conducting field activities while wearing BWCs. The research question pertained to police officers' perceptions regarding changes in behavior while being video recorded on duty. This study used generic qualitative inquiry to understand five police officers' perceptions through individual semi structured interviews complemented by the responsive interview model. Themes that emerged consisted of implementation, personal harm, privacy, and behavior modification. Notable findings under the theme of implementation included lack of initial acceptance of the equipment followed by approval of the equipment after use; and that initial training of BWCs was deemed insufficient. In the personal harm theme, participants expressed concern over functionality of BWCs and that superiors possibly would use footage for punitive reasons. Minimal privacy issues for officers were discovered; however, use of BWCs in private residences was perceived by participants as a concern for citizens. The most significant behavior modification was increased professionalism. Implications for social change include improved officer and citizen safety and the delivery of more effective police services, improving relations with the community.

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Boss, Daniel L. "Police Education: An Analysis of the Effects of Educational Requirements for Police Officers On Citizen Complaints." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu157771556876987.

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47

Coulson, Jesse E. "The Effectiveness of a Stress Reduction Program for Police Officers." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331940/.

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A group of veteran police officers was studied in relation to the effectiveness of a stress reduction program which utilized a cognitive-behavioral approachto training. A new instrument, the Coulson Police Job Stress Discussionaire, (CPJSD), was field tested. Two control groups, a veteran group who received no stress reduction training and an academy group which received standard basic training but not the stress reduction program, were compared on pre—test and post-test Profile of Mood States (POMS) mood disturbance cores. Contrary to the main hypothesis formulated, there were no significant differences found between the three groups on post-test POMS measures of mood disturbance when compared with pre-test measures. The construct validity of the POMS for use with police officers is challenged. The specific format utilized is discussed and suggestions are offered for future study design. Specific difficulties inherent in the study of police groups are examined. The usefulness of the CPJSD for police job stress reduction program is suggested, as is the need for further field testing of this instrument.

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48

Davids, Cindy Law Faculty of Law UNSW. "Police misconduct, regulation, and accountability : conflict of interest complaints against Victoria Police officers 1988???1998." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Law, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20515.

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Conflict of interest allegations became a prominent part of the political and public sector in the 1980s and 1990s in Australia and elsewhere. The arena of policing was not immune, and in Victoria, the Ombudsman drew particular attention to the problem and expressed concern about the rise in public complaints relating to alleged conflicts of interest on the part of police officers. Against this background, permission was granted by Victoria Police for a major study of conflict of interest complaints against police officers within their jurisdiction. Access was granted to all public complaint case files where conflict of interest was the focus of the allegations, from the period 1988???1998. A total of 377 usable complaints files were examined, involving 539 police officers. Through extensive examination and analysis of these complaint case files, a comprehensive map of the particular kinds of interest involved, the nature of the conflicts with official police duties, and the particular contexts within which conflicts of interest emerged, was developed. Analysis of the case files identified 25 different types of problems related to conflict of interest. These were spread across the private and public realms of police officers??? involvements. Previous studies of conflict of interest have focused largely on the opportunities for misconduct arising in the public realm of police work and police duty, largely neglecting attention to the private realm of the relationships and involvements of a police officer that give rise to conflicts of interest. In this study, the specific private interests that gave rise to problems were able to be identified in 35 percent of all cases. Three broad problem areas were identified: (i) outside employment, private business interests, political, social, and sporting interests and involvements; (ii) family-based involvements, especially those involving family law problems; and (iii) problematic personal relationships, including relationships with criminals, informers, and persons of ill repute. These conflicts of interest were related to a range of breaches of official police duty, including the misuse of police authority for personal or family benefit, the use of police position to facilitate personal relationships, and inappropriate disclosure of confidential police information. When the conflict of interest identified related specifically to a police officer???s official or public role as a member of the police force, the main types of misconduct identified included three broad areas: (i) the use and abuse of police powers and authority; (ii) the use and abuse of police resources, including information; and (iii) the receipt of gratuities and breaches of the law. These problems were shown to play out in a range of ways, encompassing such behaviours as misuse of the police identity, inappropriate accessing of police information, involvement in investigations where the police officer concerned has a personal interest in the matter, failing to take appropriate police action against friends, family, or associates, the exercise of improper influence in civil matters, and engagement in harassment and discrimination. This study offers some important conceptual developments in relation to the notion of conflict of interest, focusing on the importance of the distinction between a conflict of interest and an associated breach of duty. The study noted that it is often erroneously assumed by police that if there is no breach of duty evidenced, then there is no problem of conflict of interest. The study also offers an important insight into the oversight and accountability processes involved in Victoria Police, emphasising the importance and effectiveness of the oversight role of the office of the Victorian Ombudsman. Evidence also suggests that the internal review processes within Victoria Police are by-and-large stringent, and that senior police management are genuinely interested in making police officers more accountable for their actions. However, it is concluded that both front-line operational police officer and police management often have a limited understanding of conflict of interest, and problems attendant to conflicts of interest. The study???s insights into the problem of conflict of interest are significant insofar as this problem is related to police misconduct???ranging from minor to serious???of various kinds. Attention to the problem of conflict of interest may be an important element in preventing ???upstream??? police misconduct and corruption.

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Rogers, Anne Elizabeth. "Psychiatric referrals from the police : an examination of police officers' action and interaction with psychiatrists." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1989. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11300/.

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There are two main foci in this research. The first has to do with police officers' management of psychiatric referrals, using their powers under Section 136 of the Mental Health Act, the second with interprofessional relations between the police and psychiatrists. A Section 136 case is defined so as to include all referrals where a mental health disposal is initiated by the police as opposed to a court or other mental health professional. The research is an attempt to describe police officers involvement with psychiatric referrals and the nature of and reasons behind the decisions they make, and to understand the nature of professional relationships that exist between police officers and psychiatrists in applying this part of the Mental Health Act. The concepts used, and theoretical underpinnings of the research are in the main derived from the sociology of 'mental illness'. Use, has been made of the theory of professional dominance to analyse police action and interaction with psychiatrists. Both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis have been used. Primacy has not been given to one or other approach, rather an attempt has been made to integrate both, so as to present as full a picture as possible of the issues under investigation. Data was primarily collected by means of interviews with police officers from 11 different police stations in the North East Metropolitan Police area. This was supplemented by the use of participant observation at one police station, interviews with psychiatrists at two hospitals and analysis of police documents and administrative records. The study has been divided into three sections: preparing for and carrying out the research (Chapters 1-4); the analysis and presentation of findings (Chapters 5-8); discussion and implications of the results and re-examining the theory (Chapter 9-10). It was rare for officers to initiate referrals themselves, it was mainly as a response to others that they became involved. Officers were generally unaware that they were responding to a mental health emergency prior to arriving at an incident, and decisions to apprehend were made for policing rather than psychiatric reasons. Officers did not always use Section 136 as an authority for arrest where a psychiatric disposal was subsequently sought. A combination of physical restraint and verbal strategies were used to manage referrals. Officers tended not to treat these differently to other suspects, whilst on the streets, but treated them less punitively than other detainees once at the station. It was found that there was a tendency to exclude other forms of deviancy in identifying mental disorder. Most referrals could have been charged with a criminal offence and officers' reasons for not preferring charges were examined, of which external considerations, (such as the policy of the courts) were found to be important. Police and psychiatrists generally shared the same perceptions about their client group in terms of the latter's appropriateness to be dealt with by the psychiatric services. With the exception of police ability to diagnose mental disorder, there was agreement about the nature of officer's role in relation to Section 136. Interprofessional contact and perceptions of one another were characterised by distance and indifference. At the hospital, psychiatrists assumed a superordinate role over the police officers. However, police officers exercised considerable autonomy over decision making at the police station which acted to threaten the psychiatrists gatekeeping powers.

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Verma, Kuldeep Kumar. "Different ladders for police progression? : reviewing black and minority officers' progression in the police service." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2015. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/different-ladders-for-police-progression(f30809ef-d3dd-419c-b7a5-1c83c9c812cc).html.

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The Police Service has a strategic priority to improve approaches to progression forunder-represented groups; however, it is facing continued challenges for this priority, as there is a lack of progression for Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) officers. There are implicit suggestions in policy that increasing BME officers in the police would improve police culture in the form of attenuating the racism that may be creating barriers to recruitment and progression. Reform efforts have taken place in the UK Police Services in the last decade to have a more diverse workforce, especially with regard to race, sex and sexual orientation. However, contemporary research has repeatedly demonstrated that there are inherent problems in assimilation of officers that are not white males (Holdaway and O’Neill,2004; Bolton and Feagin, 2004; Cashmore, 2001). The common themes from previous research are that BME officers face barriers of stereotyping, police culture and racism that affects their working environment and prospects of progression. This thesis examined BME senior officers perceptions of progression in the British Police Service. The research was conducted within a qualitative paradigm to examine barriers to career progression that affected BME officers so that professional knowledge is improved for police leaders to consider alternative employment practices. This thesis focused on BME and white Superintendents working in the United Kingdom. BME Superintendents were excluded from the sub-culture of progression, which contained informal practices that were rooted to covert institutional racism. The predominant informal practice found was networks that operated covertly and were linked to chief officer sponsors who could provide mobility. Within the networks there was axiomatic knowledge providing vital dissemination of information for progression. BME Superintendents were negatively impacted by exclusion from these informal practices and exhibited physical and psychological behaviours such as working hard,anxiety and having a lack of confidence. A model describing the cause and effect of BME progression in the British Police Service was developed through this research and is presented as new professional knowledge.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Police officers'

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