Academic literature on the topic 'Police-detected'
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Journal articles on the topic "Police-detected"
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Rudyk, Mykola, Kateryna Maslienikova, Nadiya Nosevych, Viktoriia Vintsuk, and Vasyl G. Fatkhutdinov. "The Role of the Number of Detected Criminal Offenses in the Police Performance Indicators System." Cuestiones Políticas 40, no. 73 (July 29, 2022): 90–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4073.04.
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The aim of the study was to analyses the system of police performance and determine the role of the indicator that shows the number of detected criminal offenses in this system. A comprehensive study of the chosen topic was realized through empirical and theoretical methods, as well as the comparative analysis. It is determined that the components of the system of police performance indicators include the level of public trust in the police as a fundamental indicator that reflects the real state of crime and security in the country; the level of detection of criminal offenses; crime rate and public safety; citizens-police interaction rate; response time to offenses. It was found that the ratio of detected and solved crimes for the reporting period allows reflecting the police performance in the fight against crime, identifying the main problems of organizational, personnel, material, technical and legal nature of their activities. The evaluation of the effectiveness of policing through the prism of detected criminal offenses provides for further research and justification in order to determine effective legal tools for its regulation.
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McKinnon, Iain, Julie Thorp, and Don Grubin. "Improving the detection of detainees with suspected intellectual disability in police custody." Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 9, no. 4 (July 6, 2015): 174–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/amhid-04-2015-0015.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is twofold. First to ascertain the efficacy of current police reception screening to detect detainees with intellectual disability (ID). Second to assess the validity of a short targeted screen for ID among police custody detainees. Design/methodology/approach – The study comprised three stages. First, 248 police custody detainees were assessed for a range of health morbidities, including a pragmatic clinical evaluation of ID. For those with suspected ID, the police custody screens were scrutinised for evidence that this had been detected. Second, a new police health screen, incorporating a short screen for ID, was piloted. Totally, 351 detainees were assessed in the same way as in part 1 with the new screens being scrutinised for evidence that ID had been detected where relevant. Third, the new police screen for ID was validated among a sample of 64 inpatients, some with ID and some without, from forensic inpatient services. Parts 1 and 2 were carried out in the Metropolitan Police Service, London. Part 3 took place in one NHS Trust. Findings – In parts 1 and 2, the rate of detainees with suspected ID was 2-3 per cent. The standard police screen detected 25 per cent of these detainees in part 1. When the new screen was introduced in part 2, the sensitivity for ID increased to 83 per cent. However, there was no requisite improvement in the proportion of detainees with ID receiving an Appropriate Adult. In the inpatient study, the new screen showed a good level of sensitivity (91 per cent) and reasonable specificity (63 per cent). Practical implications – It is possible to improve the detection rate of detainees with suspected ID by introducing a short ID screen into the police custody officers’ reception health screen. Originality/value – The Health Screening of People in Police Custody (HELP-PC) study is a project evaluating screening for health morbidity among police custody detainees. Other data from this study have been reported elsewhere, but this is the first time the data pertaining to ID screening has been reported in detail.
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Jain, Akshay, Rajiv Sinclair, and Andrew V. Papachristos. "Identifying misconduct-committing officer crews in the Chicago police department." PLOS ONE 17, no. 5 (May 4, 2022): e0267217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267217.
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Explanations for police misconduct often center on a narrow notion of “problem officers,” the proverbial “bad apples.” Such an individualistic approach not only ignores the larger systemic problems of policing but also takes for granted the group-based nature of police work. Nearly all of police work is group-based and officers’ formal and informal networks can impact behavior, including misconduct. In extreme cases, groups of officers (what we refer to as, “crews”) have even been observed to coordinate their abusive and even criminal behaviors. This study adopts a social network and machine learning approach to empirically investigate the presence and impact of officer crews engaging in alleged misconduct in a major U.S. city: Chicago, IL. Using data on Chicago police officers between 1971 and 2018, we identify potential crews and analyze their impact on alleged misconduct and violence. Results detected approximately 160 possible crews, comprised of less than 4% of all Chicago police officers. Officers in these crews were involved in an outsized amount of alleged and actual misconduct, accounting for approximately 25% of all use of force complaints, city payouts for civil and criminal litigations, and police-involved shootings. The detected crews also contributed to racial disparities in arrests and civilian complaints, generating nearly 18% of all complaints filed by Black Chicagoans and 14% of complaints filed by Hispanic Chicagoans.
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Worden, Robert E., and Sarah J. McLean. "Measuring, Managing, and Enhancing Procedural Justice in Policing: Promise and Pitfalls." Criminal Justice Policy Review 29, no. 2 (August 4, 2016): 149–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887403416662505.
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The procedural justice that citizens subjectively experience with the police affects police legitimacy. The procedural justice of policing is typically not measured in police agencies, nor is it an outcome for which managers are held accountable. We examine whether and how the measurement of procedural justice would affect its management. Survey-based measures of subjective procedural justice in police contacts were reported to two departments’ command staffs on a monthly basis in Compstat meetings. The impacts of thusly measuring performance were estimated. We also analyzed an indicator of procedural justice that was based on systematic observation through video and audio recording of police-citizen encounters, and we interviewed patrol officers and supervisors about supervisors’ efforts to manage procedural justice. Neither indicator of police performance revealed consistent changes. However, a modest improvement on one platoon was detected. We discuss the implications for enhancing police legitimacy.
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Quah, Jon S. T. "Combating police corruption in Indonesia: cleansing the buaya (crocodile)." Asian Education and Development Studies 9, no. 2 (September 4, 2019): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-04-2018-0088.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explain why police corruption is rampant in Indonesia by analysing its perceived extent, causes and anti-corruption measures. Design/methodology/approach The paper relies on primary and secondary sources and survey data to analyse the perceived extent and causes of police corruption in Indonesia. Findings Police corruption is widespread in Indonesia because of the inadequate budget allocated to the police, police officers are paid low salaries and recruited and promoted on their ability to pay bribes instead of merit, corrupt police officers are not detected or punished and corrupt behaviour is tolerated by many Indonesians. Consequently, policy makers in Indonesia can only minimise police corruption if they have the political will and capacity to introduce appropriate reforms to address its five causes. Originality/value This paper will be useful to those scholars, policy makers and anti-corruption practitioners who are interested in learning about the extent and causes of police corruption in Indonesia and why efforts to curb it are ineffective.
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Dmitruk, Wiktor. "Study of possible contamination of police officers and service vehicles with gunshot residues." Issues of Forensic Science 302 (2018): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.34836/pk.2018.302.2.
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The hereby article presents the analysis of data from literature of the subject, as well as of analyses of material recovered onto microscope stubs from hands of 59 police officers and traces collected from 38 police cars backseats onto ELEVAK instrument cartridges. The stubs were checked for presence of GSR particles and the filters of ELEVAK cartridges – for O-GSR and other substances. Traces were recovered at seven district police stations within Warsaw Municipal area. The analyses were performed with two analytical techniques: SEM/EDX and GC/MS. From 1 to 27 characteristic GSR particles were found on hands of 18% officers. Between 1 and 11 of such particles were detected on the surfaces of 24% car backseats. Traces of diphenylamine, a chemical substance used as a stabiliser in smokeless powders were detected in 13 vehicles, cocaine traces were found in 3 vehicles and THC was found in one vehicle.
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De Moor, Sabine, Christophe Vandeviver, and Tom Vander Beken. "Integrating police-recorded crime data and DNA data to study serial co-offending behaviour." European Journal of Criminology 15, no. 5 (January 2, 2018): 632–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477370817749499.
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When studying offending behaviour, researchers primarily rely on police-recorded crime data, even though such data contain only detected crimes and known offenders. Using DNA data, which also contain information on unknown offenders, enables researchers to link offenders by identifying their presence at shared crime scenes. In this paper we combine police-recorded crime data with DNA data to study serial co-offending behaviour. We focus on the changes the networks of crimes obtained from police-recorded crime data undergo when integrated with data from unknown offenders in the DNA database. We demonstrate that an integrated dataset reveals more and larger networks of crimes with a larger spatiotemporal spread compared with the police-recorded crime data only.
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Wu, Guangzhen, and Ming Wen. "Predicting three dimensions of police officer stress: does rural or urban setting matter?" Policing: An International Journal 43, no. 3 (November 6, 2019): 435–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-03-2019-0042.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the disparities in stress between rural and urban police officers in China. Design/methodology/approach Data for this study were collected from a national police university in China in 2017. In total, 608 Chinese police officers were surveyed representing those attending in-service training program in the university. Findings Results showed that rural police officers exhibited a higher level of somatization compared to their urban counterparts, whereas no rural–urban differences were detected for other stress dimensions – anxiety and depression. Additionally, this study suggests that perceived constraints in resources and training partially mediate the observed rural–urban disparities in somatization. Research limitations/implications This study is based on a convenient sample of Chinese police officers, which restricts the generalizability of the results. Practical implications To reduce stress among police officers, China needs to make more investments in resources and training programs in its rural policing. Originality/value A review of literature reveals that studies comparing police stress between rural and urban areas are rare. Additionally, China, as the largest developing nation in the world, remains under-studied with respect to stress among its police officers.
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Huschbeck, Torsten, Christian Horres, and Peter Markovič. "Ethics as part of police management." SCENTIA International Economic Review 1, no. 2 (May 2, 2022): 242–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.52514/sier.v1i2.24.
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This article examines which ethical features can be found in the police's more economically oriented management tactics, as well as the extent to which ethical considerations are factored into police decision-making processes. In this approach, the article builds on the author’s previous work, which focused on a police resource's risk assessment. The goal of this research is to answer the scientific question of whether or not harmful police trends could have been detected sooner. In this context, it's worth noting that the police force and its members are under a lot of moral and ethical criticism from a population that's becoming increasingly critical across borders. The author concludes that every police officer's moral compass can really provide a foundation for police activity, based on a literature study and a secondary quantitative content analysis. It is demonstrated that, in terms of duty ethics, ethical features are heavily reliant on role models. However, such role models are not always available. Supervisors, on the other hand, do not always live up to their responsibility as role models. Professional ethics are being implemented and strengthened in the training of young police recruits, which is positive. It is intended that ethical considerations would become more prevalent in the police force.
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Chen, Shun-Hsing, Wen-Tsann Lin, and Ching-Chow Yang. "The establishment of a stolen-vehicle tracking management information system." Human Systems Management 25, no. 1 (March 6, 2006): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/hsm-2006-25105.
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This study establishes a stolen-vehicle tracking management information system (MIS) combining information technology (IT) equipment in a wireless local area network (WLAN), personal digital assistant (PDA), and charge couple devices (CCD) camera with vehicle license plate recognition (LPR) technology. First, the police setup CCD cameras at fixed locations or in police vehicles to monitor every moving vehicle and fetch plate information to match retrieved plate information compared with stolen-vehicle databases. Second, when a stolen-vehicle is detected, the system communicates real-time warning signals to PDA held by on-duty police to intercept the stolen vehicle. The real-time information delivery and communication provided by this system not only help the police to solve serious criminal cases and protect public life and property, but also increase management effectiveness and lower manpower costs.
Book chapters on the topic "Police-detected"
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Singh, Danny. "The political, economic and cultural drivers of police corruption." In Investigating Corruption in the Afghan Police Force, 73–94. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447354666.003.0005.
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This is another theoretical chapter that generates a framework to thread through the context of Afghan policing. Theories related to a political economy approach to examine the interrelationship between bureaucratic agents and economic elites and the coping strategies of poorly waged public officials and police officers. This theoretical basis informs some aspects of the political and economic drivers of corruption. The political drivers specifically cover systemic corruption which is when corruption becomes institutionally embedded from the top to the lower levels. In addition, patronage, nepotism and ethnic favouritism forms a ‘moral economy’ to deter meritocratic recruitment. Moreover, state capture occurs when main parts of the state are infiltrated by narrow criminal and affiliated political interests for profit making, usually with illicit markets. The economic drivers are focused on corruption as a means of economic necessity, namely low pay, and opportunities to engage in corruption due to weak oversight or limited sanctions if detected for malpractice. The cultural drivers cover culture, motivation and the socialisation of behaviour within police forces and specific anti-corruption training that can help to mitigate police corruption.
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Ramana Rao, M. V., Thondepu Adilakshmi, M. Gokul Venkatesh, and Jothikumar R. "Mobile Geo-Fencing Triggers for Alerting Entries Into COVID-19 Containment Zones Using IoT." In Handbook of Research on Innovations and Applications of AI, IoT, and Cognitive Technologies, 78–88. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6870-5.ch005.
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In a thickly populated nation like India, it is hard to forecast community transmission of COVID-19. Hence, a number of containment zones had been recognized all over the country separated into red, orange, and green zones, individually. People are restricted to move into these containment zones. This chapter focuses on informing the public about the containment zone when they are in travel and also sends an alert to the police when a person enters the containment zone without permission using the containment zone alert system. This chapter suggests a containment zone alert system by means of geo-fencing technology to identify the movement of public, deliver info about the danger to the public in travel and also send an alert to the police when there is an entry or exit detected in the containment zone by the use of location-based services (LBS). By creating a fence virtually called geo-fence at the containment zones established based on the government info, this system monitors public movements like entry and exit to fence.
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Gandarias Goikoetxea, Itziar, Oihane Urrutikoetxea Lekanda, and Miguel Ángel Navarro Lashayas. "Key points for supporting and accompanying women victims and survivors of human trafficking for sexual exploitation." In DEUSTO Social Impact Briefings. University of Deusto, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/dsib-4(2020)-pp187-229.pdf.
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Trafficking for sexual exploitation is a complex, highly changeable phenomenon that needs to be tackled on a multi-faceted, inter-disciplinary basis by different social actors including social organisations, police forces and public institutions, because it entails not just gender violence but also a web of other serious breaches of human rights. This briefing on “Key points for supporting and accompanying women victims and survivors of human trafficking for sexual exploitation” seeks to provide guidelines for specialists at social organisations and for technical staff at public administrations and institutions who work to prevent, deal with and care for victims. It begins by giving an outline of the characteristics of women classed as victims of trafficking dealt with in the Historical Territory of Bizkaia between 2015 and 2017. It goes on to describe the gaps and needs detected among specialists at social organisations. Finally, it provides recommendations that highlight the importance of making the needs of women the core concern, avoiding re-victimisation and enhancing coordination and networking between social organisations and the public institutions involved.
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Watson, Sethina. "Carolingian Claims and Innovations." In On Hospitals, 162–216. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198847533.003.0006.
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How, then, was this Western form accommodated in Carolingian law and practice? This chapter explores the jurisdictions under which xenodochia sat and traces the development of mechanisms in Lombardy, Rome, and Francia to guard and police these facilities. It explores, first, the many potestates under which xenodochia might rest. Since the council of Chalcedon (451), the church had declined to take welfare houses under an ecclesiastical jurisdiction, depriving bishops of any general supervisory authority. This created unusual challenges for the palace, bishops, and councils, who had to craft means to prompt into action and admonish the many different people who were responsible for individual welfare foundations. The chapter then identifies initiatives to formulate statements in law and even policies for xenodochia. Most significant was a programme of reform laid down at the council of Olona (825) under Wala, abbot of Corbie, the product of Frankish agendas and Lombard practice. This initiative was then taken to Rome where Eugenius II fashioned a papal response in 826. The silence of councils in Western Francia was finally broken at Meaux-Paris in 845/6, where the early work of the Pseudo-Isidorian forgers is here detected. In its wake, the last Frankish councils offer several bold statements regarding hospitals.
Conference papers on the topic "Police-detected"
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Пасько, Н. Э. "Law enforcement practice of territorial bodies of military police in criminal proceedings." In XXIII Международная научная конференция «Цивилизация знаний: российские реалии» «Цивилизационные задачи современного правоведения: наука, образование, практика» (стратегическая панель). Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18137/cz22.2022.50.58.001.
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В статье проводится анализ деятельности территориальных органов военной полиции в рамках уголовного процесса. Отдельное внимание уделено правоприменительной практике. Рассмотрено нормативное регламентирование их служебной деятельности. Обнаружен ряд коллизий, имеющих системный характер. Сделан вывод о необходимости своевременного совершенствования существующей нормативно-правовой базы. The article analyzes the activities of the territorial bodies of the military police in the framework of criminal proceedings. Special attention is paid to law enforcement practice. The normative regulation of their official activity is considered. A number of collisions of a systemic nature have been detected. The conclusion is made about the need for timely improvement of the existing regulatory framework.
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Bartko, Robert. "THE ENFORCEMENT OF PRINCIPLE ON LEGALITY IN THE HUNGARIAN FIGHT AGAINST THE IRREGULAR MIGRATION." In NORDSCI Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2021/b2/v4/25.
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From 2015 Hungary has been permanently affected by the irregular migratory flow, which – already in 2015 - marked a beginning of a new era in the history of European migration. In many European countries, including in Hungary, the public opinion related to irregular migration has forced the legislators to take the necessary and effective measures against it. In Hungary, among others, criminal law has been also in focus. The first step was the construction of the physical border fence, and as a second stage, the Hungarian Parliament adopted the legal framework on its protection. In accordance with this step, new crimes were inserted into the Hungarian Criminal Code, which entered into force in 15 September 2015. These crimes - are called in the Hungarian literature as „crimes against the border barrier” – were the following: unlawful crossing the border barrier, damaging the border barrier and the obstruction on construction work of the border barrier. According to the relevant official statistical data, the number of crimes against the border barrier decreased significantly for the past few years. In contrast to it, the number of the irregular entries or attempts across the border barrier detected by the Hungarian authorities – at least according to the statistical data published by the Hungarian Police Force – are higher than the number of the criminal procedures conducted due to the crimes mentioned. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to present how the principle of „legality” is enforced by the Hungarian authorities concerning the irregular entries and what kind of conclusions can we make according to the criminal-statistical data and to the detected irregular entries. The paper – after presenting the legal background – will analyze the data mentioned above and will try to make legal conclusions and proposals in connection with the fundamental procedural principle mentioned above.