Journal articles on the topic 'Police Administration, Procedures and Practice'
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1
Doolan, Mike. "Practice Notes: Understanding the purpose of youth justice in New Zealand." Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 20, no. 3 (July 17, 2017): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol20iss3id343.
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The administration of justice can become an arid procedural concern when practitioners lose sight of purpose. This article focuses on the purposes of the youth justice provisions of the Children, Young Persons and Their Families Act 1989. After traversing New Zealand’s historical responses to children who offend and contrasting the conceptual underpinnings of those approaches with current legislation, the article identifies the three key aims of youth justice reform which took place during the late 1980s – providing due process guarantees; finding alternatives to enmeshing young people and their families in the formal criminal justice system; and promoting culturally respectful processes. The author argues that almost all of the procedures of the legislation link to one or other of these aims and by understanding these linkages, all youth justice practitioners – judges, legal advocates, coordinators, social workers, police and community service providers – can ensure the intentions of the law are not lost in the exigencies of the day-to-day activity. The article concludes by proposing that all youth justice practitioners, in addition to their role-specific functions, have a collective responsibility to ensure the mandate of the law is given effect.
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LeChasseur, Kimberly, Morgaen Donaldson, Erica Fernandez, and Michele Femc-Bagwell. "Brokering, buffering, and the rationalities of principal work." Journal of Educational Administration 56, no. 3 (May 9, 2018): 262–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jea-10-2016-0129.
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Purpose Brokering and buffering represent two ways in which principals may respond to hyperrational elements of policy demands in the current era of accountability. The purpose of this paper is to examine how some principals broker more efficient, measurable, and predictable evaluation practices for teachers and others buffer their teachers from inefficient, immeasurable, and unpredictable aspects of policy. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative data were obtained from 37 school principals and 363 teachers across 12 districts participating in a new teacher evaluation policy in one state of the USA. Principal interviews and teacher focus groups were conducted at the beginning, middle, and end of 2012-2013. Transcripts were coded to identify hyperrational elements of the policy and principals’ brokering and buffering practices. Findings All principals described elements of the new evaluation policy as inefficient, incalculable, or unpredictable – hallmarks of hyperrationality. Principals brokered efficiency by designing schoolwide parent goals and centralizing procedures; brokered transparency of calculation methods and focused teacher attention on measuring effort, rather than outcomes; and encouraged collective sensemaking to facilitate predictable procedures and outcomes. Principals buffered teachers by de-emphasizing the parent-based component; minimizing the quantitative nature of the ratings; ceding responsibility over calculations to district leaders; and lowering expectations to make ratings controllable. Originality/value The paper provides new understanding of principals’ strategic leadership practices, which represented rational responses to hyperrational policy demands. Therefore, the paper includes recommendations for principal preparation, district support for policy implementation, and further research on principal practice.
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Sługocka, Martyna. "Praktyczny wymiar instytucji czasowego odebrania zwierzęcia właścicielowi lub opiekunowi." Przegląd Prawa i Administracji 108 (June 26, 2017): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0137-1134.108.4.
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THE PRACTICAL DIMENSION OF THE INSTITUTION TEMPORARILY DETAINING THE ANIMAL OWNER OR KEEPERAnimal rights issues in particular cruelty to animals became an object of interest to the doctrine representatives as well as the whole society. This article shows how the police and representatives of social organizations, whose statutory purpose is to protect animals, can help victims of violence. The author discusses the administrative procedure according to which the public administration bodies self-government administration should operate. At the same time, the author draws attention to the problems brought about by the application of the discussed legal regulations in practice.
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Teszner, Krzysztof. "Country Note: Customs And Fiscal Control In Poland As A Radical Measure To Eliminate Tax Evasion." Intertax 48, Issue 10 (September 1, 2020): 922–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2020090.
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Many European countries with stable market economies have recently taken measures to seal their own tax systems. A noticeable phenomenon are the modifications in the organization and functioning of tax administrations and in the existing procedures for the control of taxpayers with respect to the tax law. Customs and fiscal control, which was recently introduced in Poland, is an example of a new control procedure aimed at eliminating tax evasion and combating tax fraud, especially carousel transactions in value added tax. The introduction of this control was preceded by the establishment of a special Customs and Fiscal Service within the modernized National Fiscal Administration. In the article, the author analyses and evaluates the regulations contained in the Act on National Fiscal Administration that concern the fundamental aspects of performing customs and fiscal control. In this contribution, the author emphasizes that the very broad scope of the subject matter of customs and fiscal control allows for a significant amount of freedom for authorities in shaping the control policy and modifying it depending on the risks involved. The exploitation of the powers granted by tax authorities in a disproportionate manner is a source of tax disputes initiated by the controlled taxpayers. Customs and fiscal control in the area of tax law compliance is one of four tax procedures in force in Poland that is aimed at verifying compliance with tax obligations. Although these procedures should be autonomous, in practice, the dualism of control has been maintained. Customs and fiscal control precedes tax proceedings and automatically transforms into these proceedings without any formal initiation. This is a completely innovative legal instrument that allows for rapid investigation and determination of the amount of tax arrears. In this author’s opinion, a customs and tax inspection is a special procedure for obtaining and collecting evidence that is subsequently employed in tax proceedings. Tax law, tax administration, custom and fiscal control, tax evasion.
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Vanwesemael, Toke, Koen Boussery, and Tinne Dilles. "Self-Administration of Medication in Hospital: A Literature Review." Nursing Science Quarterly 33, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894318420921155.
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The idea of patients self-administering their medication in hospital is not new; it was first cited in literature in 1959. Up to date, there is a growing body of literature that recognizes the importance of this approach. In this current state of the literature, self-administration of medication in hospital is positioned in the context of the definition of health as proposed by Huber et al. and Orem’s self-care deficit theory: first identify the concept of medication self-administration, as well as the prevalence, existing procedures, tools, and proven effects of interventions; then the findings should point the way forward for research, practice, and policy.
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Bull Kovera, Margaret, and Andrew J. Evelo. "Improving Eyewitness-Identification Evidence Through Double-Blind Lineup Administration." Current Directions in Psychological Science 29, no. 6 (November 4, 2020): 563–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963721420969366.
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Lineups and photo arrays are often presented to witnesses by police officers who know which lineup member is the suspect (single-blind lineup administration) rather than by officers who do not know (double-blind administration). Administrators who are not blind to which lineup member is the suspect are more likely than blind administrators to emit behavioral cues that steer witnesses toward choosing the suspect and away from choosing fillers (i.e., a lineup member who is not the suspect). Moreover, nonblind administrators may provide confirmatory feedback to witnesses who identify the suspect, increasing their confidence in the accuracy of their identification and weakening the correlation between witness confidence and accuracy. Nonblind administrators are also more likely to interpret witnesses’ tentative statements about a suspect than about a filler as a positive identification. Because of these findings that single-blind administration biases identifications against suspects, even when they are innocent, evidence-based recommendations for best practices in the collection of eyewitness-identification evidence call for the use of double-blind lineup-administration procedures.
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Kaneyasu, Maya. "Pain Management, Morphine Administration, and Outcomes in Preterm Infants: A Review of the Literature." Neonatal Network 31, no. 1 (2012): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.31.1.21.
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Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit may experience a myriad of painful procedures and stressful experiences. Pain management for infants requiring mechanical ventilation is complex and challenging especially in the preterm population. Many infants may not receive analgesia, primarily due to the unknown long-term neurodevelopmental effects of morphine exposure on the developing brain. Currently, there is no consensus on how to treat pain related to mechanical ventilation due to conflicting scientific evidence lacks clarity and certainty about the role of morphine in pain in preterm infants. The Advance Practice Neonatal Nurse must make the best use of available information about morphine analgesia for the preterm infant, and use it to guide policy and practice for infants. The Advance Practice Neonatal Nurse must use his/her clinical expertise to judicially balance the risks and benefits of morphine analgesia, when used, and tailor the treatment plan to each infant’s specific needs.
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Wojnicki, Jacek. "Modernizacja administracji publicznej w Polsce w XXI wieku – założenia teoretyczne i praktyka administracyjna." Studia Politologiczne, no. 2/2022(64) (June 15, 2022): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/spolit.2022.64.2.
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Both structures – government (or more broadly state) and local administration have been functioning in the contemporary Polish state for over 20 years. Hence, a natural analytical procedure is to review the structures and principles of operation, including, in particular, their efficiency and effectiveness. The subject of the article is to make a political science analysis in the context of postulates submitted (mainly by academic and scientific circles) relating to the modernization of public administration in Poland in the 21st century and to compare it with the administrative practice of the contemporary Polish state. Several research methods were used in the presented article: historical-descriptive analysis, legal-institutional analysis, comparative and systemic method.
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Frid, Arthur. "Tolkenbijstand In Strafzaken." Vertalen in theorie en praktijk 21 (January 1, 1985): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.21.06fri.
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At present, a foreign suspect in criminal cases is at the mercy of uncontrolled free forces for assistance from interpreters. He may get a "real" interpreter, an amateur, an "assistant inspector", or none at all. The quality as well as the frequency of interpreters' assistance in our administration of criminal justice remains arbitrary, and is at its best sympathetic. Dutch legislation in this area is completely inadequate and conflicts with the Treaty of Rome, leading to chaotic practices. It is a fact that no professional training is required, and it has occurred in more than one case, particularly in police headquarters, that the interpreter in question took sides. An interpreters' presence is required by law at court sessions only. As a consequence, police and legal officials repeatedly conduct examinations of suspects without the mediation of interpreters. Initiatives intended to put an end to this undesirable situation, among them one from the Netherlands Translators' Association, have come to nothing. The blame for this lies in part with the autonomous, uncooperative actions of the police and judicial officials, and with the misplaced toleration of these practices by the government. Moreover, interpreters themselves are not blameless: many take advantage of the fact that, literally and figuratively, they practice a free profession subject to few controls. Interpreters' assistance should be radically changed, both with respect to its planning and its content. There are three basic requirements: 1. Professionalization: Interpreting in criminal cases should be a separate profession. Rules of conduct and professional rules, education in criminal law, together with interpreting and technical language specialization, are necessary for this. 2. Intensification: Free assistance from interpreters in all those moments in criminal justice procedures which are of vital importance to the suspect is essential. 3. Coordination and control: "Interpreters on-call" should be available at the Bureaus for Legal Assistance, with the assignment of professional interpreters to all criminal court cases. Along with this, an organ should be established which is charged with the responsibility for supervision and disciplinary jurisdiction.
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Vinciguerra, Maria Chiara. "Punching Below Its Weight: The Role of the European Parliament in Politicised Consultation Procedures." Politics and Governance 9, no. 3 (July 30, 2021): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/pag.v9i3.4069.
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With Lisbon, the European Parliament formally acquired an equal standing to that of the Council of the EU in the making of policies in the AFSJ (area of freedom, security and justice). However, the growing political salience of policy issues at stake and bottom-up politicisation in the AFSJ has had the unintended effect of undermining the European Parliament’s internal unity even under consultation procedures. To show how this played out in practice during Europe’s migration and refugee crisis, this article analyses the European Parliament’s role, preferences, and bargaining position in the making of two Refugee Relocation Decisions (Council Decisions 2015/1523 and 2015/1601) under consultation procedure. To do so, this article exploits Putnam’s two-level framework (level I and II politics throughout the policy-making process) to explore early agenda-setting attempts and groups’ positions on issues of refugee relocation and burden-sharing, as they were formally stated in their position papers and expressed at the LIBE Committee and at plenary. This article shows that the high domestic salience and politicization of the issues at stake left MEPs torn between competing principals at home and within their European Parliament political groups and had the effect of weakening overall unity on the issue of refugee relocation.
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Ngwang, Roger. "Arresting Roadside Corruption: What Prospects Remain for Anglophone Cameroon." American Journal of Public Policy and Administration 6, no. 1 (June 10, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajppa.725.
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Introduction: Corruption is a canker warm that has eaten deep into the fabrics of several communities worldwide. The phenomenon has serious consequences on investment, trade, aid, inequality, government expenditure and services, just to name a few. In Cameroon, its effects are widespread in both Private and Public sectors including the education, justice, customs, taxation, finance, administration, military and police. Based on the Transparency International Corruption Perception Index, Cameroon was classified as the most corrupt country in the world in 1998 and 1999 and was ranked 149th out of 158 countries in 2020 following the implementation of several anti-corruption measures. This reveals that irrespective of the Cameroonian anti-corruption initiatives, high rates of corruption are still observed in the country. Roadside corruption is prevalent in Cameroon and is being orchestrated by both the police and other forces of the law and order. The practice is monotonous and considered a way of life by most Cameroonians. With the degeneration of the Anglophone crisis into violence, many troops of the forces of law and order have been deployed to Anglophone Cameroon to monitor and maintain security in this region.
Purpose: To investigate the implications of the heavy presence of uniform men on roadside corruption in Anglophone Cameroon.
Methodology: Secondary data was consulted and interviews were conducted with some road users in Bamenda.
Findings: Respondents revealed that roadside corruption was a major problem and that the uniform men took advantage of the crisis situation to compel them to pay fines without collecting receipts and equally extort money from them even in situations where they presented all their valid vehicle and personal identification papers. This has made many drivers to care less about the regularization of theira papers.
Unique Contribution to Practice and Policy: There is need to galvanize NGOs and civil societies to organize training programs and sensitization campaigns to inform road users on all vehicle documents, accessories, high way code and all the fines and procedures associated with defaults. The government should regulate and monitor the activities of patrol teams deployed in times of crisis and create several hotlines through which road users can call to report cases of road side corruption. Also, road users should be encouraged to regularize themselves with all necessary documents as requested by state regulations and to understand the high way code and all the procedures associated with the payment of fines in case of defaults.
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Hegedus, Patricia D., James D. Bearden, and Bruce Grant. "Improving chemotherapy consent compliance." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 34_suppl (December 1, 2012): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.34_suppl.130.
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130 Background: Palmetto Hematology Oncology (PHO) is the medical oncology practice of Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System (SRHS) and has participated in QOPI since 2009 and earned QOPI certification in September 2011. Our Fall 2010 QOPI Patient Consent for Chemotherapy score was 70.73%, lower than the QOPI aggregate score of 86.46%. Methods: A workgroup was convened to address chemotherapy consent documentation compliance. QOPI data revealed the need for a uniform, system-wide chemotherapy consent process. A chemotherapy consent form specifically for our cancer center was created following an extensive literature review and benchmarking with American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines, NCI Designated Cancer Centers, NCI Community Cancer Centers Program (NCCCP funded with federal funds from the NCI, Contract # HHSN261200800001E) resources, and other healthcare institutions. Our chemotherapy administration policy was revised to include a “hard stop” if a signed chemotherapy consent was not available prior to administration of chemotherapy in all areas of our institution. Results: Patient Consent for Chemotherapy QOPI scores revealed an increase from Fall 2010 to Spring 2012 of 70.73% to 100%. As a result of the workgroup’s efforts, it was approved by our Cancer Care Committee to develop a Chemotherapy Safety Committee (CSC) to standardize chemotherapy practices throughout our system. The CSC integrated key staff responsible for chemotherapy administration. The CSC was instrumental in reviewing and updating policies and procedures during our QOPI certification efforts. Conclusions: Our participation in QOPI provided data to support efforts for a system-wide chemotherapy consent revision and process implementation. The availability of ASCO, Oncology Nursing Society, and other key resources provided turn key processes for this performance improvement project. Practice scores for the Patient Consent for Chemotherapy have reached 100% compliance signifying our performance at a “best practice” level. References: QOPI The Quality Oncology Practice Initiative, available at: http://qopi.asco.org/program .
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Gellén, Márton. "Public Administration Education in a Legalistic Setting: New Tendencies in Hungarian Public Administration and Training." NISPAcee Journal of Public Administration and Policy 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nispa-2013-0006.
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AbstractTh e article examines the recent developments in public service training in Hungary and draws conclusions for the future. Hungary is considered to be part of the legalistic culture of European PA; therefore we analyze the connection between the legalistic approach as a cultural environment of PA practice and PA education as an influential factor of changing this environment. Th e empirical part of the research contains three elements: analysis of the professional training of civil service, the content of PA university training and the composition of professions within the central civil service. Th e empirical findings on these three dimensions are analyzed in light of recent structural changes of PA university education and professional training. Under a Government Decree issued in 2012, the National University of Public Services was appointed by the Government to be in charge of PA education and training. Th e university itself was recently created by the merger of law enforcement, military and civil PA universities (academies). Th is structural change can be characterized by centralization and, to a certain extent, simplification, too. Th e restructuring of PA training is completed by the concept of the Government making the fields of public service permeable, open to each other. Th e university itself is a test field for this concept since police and military students have the opportunity to study civil PA courses. Th e need for this kind of cross-learning is supported by the new phenomenon that defense and policing are gradually becoming more civilian in their character, while traditional training in these fields must undergo serious changes too. Although the article states that the basic framework of public administration education - as a major driver of public administration culture - is still dominantly legalistic, it also introduces the ways in which the new public-administration education system has tried to change the content of its degree programs and how it has attempted to have an impact on the entire public-administrative system to move from procedural orientation to a more solution-oriented mindset.
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Good, Thomas L., and Mary Mccaslin. "What We Learned about Research on School Reform: Considerations for Practice and Policy." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 110, no. 11 (November 2008): 2475–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810811001111.
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Background/Context The U.S. federal government has been interested in improving the performance of students who come from low-income homes since the time of Lyndon Johnson's “Great Society” initiatives in the 1960s. The current administration strongly supports the belief that good schools can be created and has funded the Comprehensive School Reform (CSR) program to support these beliefs. This article provides information about recent school reform research and conditions of schooling. The article then reviews our research findings (drawing on all the preceding articles in the special issue) and considers implications for policy makers, principals, teachers, teacher educators, and researchers. Purpose The basic intent of this study was to inform working theories of learning, motivation, and social/emotional development in school contexts in Grades 3–5. We hoped that an emphasis on theory, contextual enactment, and participant mediation would yield a richer picture of classroom practices and motivational dynamics that might underlie student achievement and CSR effectiveness. This study focused in particular on perspectives (principals and students) and classroom practices associated with CSR programs in elementary schools in the state of Arizona. Research Design The research program includes interview (with principals), observation (of classroom practices), and survey measures, and an adaptation of Thematic Apperception Test procedures (with students). Conclusion/Recommendations School reform initiatives can profit from more research on participant perceptions, actual classroom practices, and student mediation of those practices. These understandings can better link program design and student achievement to enhance the effectiveness of CSR initiatives. We believe that it is now possible to conduct field experiments for improving normative (typical) practice in elementary school classrooms. We offer considerations for doing this research and suggest the need for attention to students, both as social beings and learners, while altering classroom practices in small measured steps.
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Soares, José Antonio, André Luiz Baptista Galvão, Lucas Vinicius Shigaki de Matos, Julia Cestari Pierucci, Katia Denise Saraiva Bresciani, and Nadia Kassouf Pizzinatto. "Marketing strategies in small animal clinical practice." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing 11, no. 3 (September 4, 2017): 235–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijphm-12-2015-0057.
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Purpose Marketing strategies can be used to leverage business in the service sector, specifically in veterinary medicine; among other benefits, it can make a difference in satisfaction and consequent customer loyalty. Marketing should be used with ethics and professionalism due is one administration area that contributes to effective management in the continuous pursuit of quality in the provision of services and demonstrate that veterinary clinics have much to gain if managed with support of marketing strategies. This paper aims to analyze the applicability of marketing strategies in the management of small animal clinics, such as guidelines to the entrepreneurs of this services sector. Design/methodology/approach Marketing literature is plentiful in proposing alternative strategies, whether focused on the achievement and loyalty of customers, whether to raise the competitiveness of an organization or simply to its survival in the market. In this study, some marketing strategies were selected, on secondary data research, in theoretical framework, to investigate their application in the practice of veterinary medicine. This study emphasizes promotional strategy toward communication with the market and construction of organizational image, using public relations as marketing strategy. Findings The use of marketing strategies is recommended in the management of small animal clinical practice, especially with respect to the high customer satisfaction by streamlining the procedures and optimizing veterinary services provision. Originality/value This study is different because it proposes an integrated system of management techniques in veterinary organizations, which will lead to better efficiency of attendance, adding value to the service provided and generating greater profitability for the organization, which positively reflects on the economic point of view and for the image of the company and its professionals, providing a better quality of life for both clients and their pets.
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Ramirez, Pamela Maree, Barry Peterson, Christine Holtshopple, Kristina Borja, Vincent Torres, Lucille Valdivia-Peppers, Julio Harriague, and Melanie D. Joe. "Assurance of Myeloid Growth Factor Administration in an Infusion Center: Pilot Quality Improvement Initiative." Journal of Oncology Practice 13, no. 12 (December 2017): e1040-e1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jop.2017.023804.
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Purpose: Four incident reports involving missed doses of myeloid growth factors (MGFs) triggered the need for an outcome-driven initiative. From March 1, 2015, to February 29, 2016, at University of California Irvine Health Chao Infusion Center, 116 of 3,300 MGF doses were missed (3.52%), including pegfilgrastim, filgrastim, and sargramostim. We hypothesized that with the application of Lean Six Sigma methodology, we would achieve our primary objective of reducing the number of missed MGF doses to < 0.5%. Methods: This quality improvement initiative was conducted at Chao Infusion Center as part of a Lean Six Sigma Green Belt Certification Program. Therefore, Lean Six Sigma principles and tools were used throughout each phase of the project. Retrospective and prospective medical record reviews and data analyses were performed to evaluate the extent of the identified problem and impact of the process changes. Improvements included systems applications, practice changes, process modifications, and safety-net procedures. Results: Preintervention, 24 missed doses (20.7%) required patient supportive care measures, resulting in increased hospital costs and decreased quality of care. Postintervention, from June 8, 2016, to August 7, 2016, zero of 489 MGF doses were missed after 2 months of intervention ( P < .001). Chao Infusion Center reduced missed doses from 3.52% to 0%, reaching the goal of < 0.5%. Conclusion: The establishment of simplified and standardized processes with safety checks for error prevention increased quality of care. Lean Six Sigma methodology can be applied by other institutions to produce positive outcomes and implement similar practice changes.
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Tsurkan, Oleksiy. "SELECTION FOR POLICE OFFICERS DUTY: THE QUESTION OF THE DEFINITIONS." Law Journal of Donbass 75, no. 2 (2021): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32366/2523-4269-2021-75-2-45-51.
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The level of trust of police service depends on objectively transparent and unprejudiced requirements. That’s why we agree with necessity of using of the European approach in conducting «selection» for the duty in the National Police of Ukraine. It is because the main aim of creating a fundamentally new structure of the modern police of Ukraine starts directly with the selection for the service and be in accordance with European terms. The one of the most approaches of translation of legal terminology is the using of a system of law terms. There is mention in the jurisprudence that very necessary to achieve unambiguity of each term in the law texts and legislation. It is striving for the minimum required number of terms, but with the losing of those nuances that are necessary for public administration practice. The article focuses on the differences of the translation definitions of word «selection» that used in Ukrainian law texts and researches. Some researchers revealing the process of «selection» of personnel through the principles of systemic character as a procedure of differentiation staff according to their compliance with a certain type of activity and making the decision on the suitability or unsuitability of candidates. The author determinate etymological origin of the concepts «selection» in Ukrainian and differentiate the using of their translation. The research papers make a suggestion to putting forward changes in legal acts with the propose of remove the inaccuracy in the interpretation concepts. The system of «selection» of the staff of the civil service of Ukraine includes: defining the requirements for applicants for specific vacancy positions of the civil service; review and evaluation of internal and external sources of attraction of candidates, placement of ads on a set; competitive selection; acceptance for positions outside the competition (according to another procedure provided by the current legislation: the transfer system; appointment to the post; selection system; by contract); formation of personnel reserve; internship; assessment of frames. The notion of «selection» has a more meaningful and widespread value, indicating the need for its use in the legislation.
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Clarysse, Liana B., and Shannon A. Moore. "Silencing Indigenous Knowledge Systems: Analysis of Canadian Educational, Legal and Administrative Practice." International Journal of Law and Public Administration 2, no. 1 (March 19, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijlpa.v2i1.4157.
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As a result of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (or TRCC, 2015a, 2015b), calls to action concerning education and law reform have been made. Currently, there is an increase in reconciliation discourse in law, healthcare and education policy, curricula and pedagogy. In Canada, efforts to decolonize institutional structures compel scholars and activists to highlight the imperative of critical analysis of identity and place in answering the calls to action. Although it was developed by the Ministry of Education for the province of Ontario, more than a decade ago, prior to the TRCC, the First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Education Policy Framework continues to inform policy and administrative procedures. Informed by Indigenous knowledge systems embedded in restorative justice and peace-building practices, this paper presents a critical analysis of the First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Education Policy Framework (2007) and finds evidence resembling discursive settler-colonial patterns of Indigenous erasure through the practice of silencing Indigenous participation and voice. Through this critical analysis, several themes emerged including colonialism, survivance, patriarchy, self-identification, notions of education, assessment, and “us versus them” binary narratives. In response, this paper argues for a trans-systemic and transdisciplinary approach to the critical analysis of discursive patterns of silencing and erasure in policy, law reform, and administrative processes. Further, through deepening interpretations and understandings of Indigenous theory and knowledge systems, it may be possible for settler-colonial stakeholders to more acutely discern the impact of settler-colonialism embedded in education, policy, administration, and legal discourses. These findings have implications for educators and administrators as well as administrative, law and policy reform.
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Tsourdi, Evangelia (Lilian). "Of Legislative Waves and Case law: Effective Judicial Protection, Right to an Effective Remedy and Proceduralisation in the EU Asylum Policy." Review of European Administrative Law 12, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 143–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7590/187479819x15840066091286.
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This article explores the multifaceted relationship between the principle of effective judicial protection, the fundamental right to an effective remedy, and secondary EU procedural rules in asylum. Proceduralisation has been an explicit goal of the EU asylum policy since its inception. It has materialised in three legislative waves. The first resulted in the creation of a basic set of procedural guarantees, alongside a plethora of exceptional procedures. The second resulted in modest improvements in terms of harmonisation, and adherence to fundamental rights, but saw exceptional procedural arrangements either retained or introduced. The third, forthcoming wave, aims at further harmonisation that risks, however, being heavily focused on the underlying goal of externalising protection to third countries. Case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union has further refined procedural guarantees shaping national procedural autonomy. Drawing from the Charter rights to good administration and to an effective remedy, the Court has not shied away from adducing additional procedural requirements. It has also clarified how the principle of effective judicial protection and the Charter right to an effective remedy relate to each other, finding that the latter reaffirms the principle of effective judicial protection and largely aligning their scope. The emerging procedural landscape is increasingly complex. The Court's nuanced assessments combined with a plethora of exceptional arrangements at national level led to convoluted standards that are increasingly difficult to put in practice.
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Ishchenko, Alexander Alekseevich. "Strategic planning in the mechanism of public administration: innovations in legal regulation." Административное и муниципальное право, no. 1 (January 2022): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0595.2022.1.37513.
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The subject of this article is the study of a new stage in the development of state policy in the field of strategic planning. The object of the study was the social relations developing in the sphere of strategic planning implementation in Russia and its regulatory and legal regulation.Methods of synthesis and analysis of literary and documentary sources, classification, generalization, formal legal method were used to write the article. Particular attention is paid to the innovations of regulatory regulation caused by the publication of Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 633 "Fundamentals of state policy in the field of strategic planning in the Russian Federation". The relevance of the study is due to the fact that despite the adoption of Federal Law No. 172-FZ on strategic planning 7 years ago, it is not necessary to say that such planning has reached the necessary qualitative level that ensures the effective functioning of the public administration system in the country - it is no coincidence that the issues of the formation of the practice of strategic planning are constantly in the focus of management states. The article provides a comparative analysis of new initiatives and their impact on the practice of public administration. The trends and patterns of strategic planning are analyzed. The approaches of specialists in relation to the legal aspects of planning are presented. The shortcomings of the legal framework of Russian legislation in the field of strategic planning are noted. The system of documents forming the basis for the application of this method is considered, and an opinion is expressed on the prospect of developing a mechanism for coordinating and controlling strategic planning documents. It is concluded that "The fundamentals of state policy in the field of strategic planning ..." They should be supplemented with a Plan for their implementation with a list of necessary regulatory legal and methodological documents that disclose specific aspects and procedures for their impact on the strategic planning system across the country and its regions. It is advisable to approve a number of provisions of the Decree as additions to Federal Law No. 172-FZ.
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Monty, Christopher. "“The Study of Local Experience”: Reassessing the Role of the Central Committee Secretariat during the nep." Russian History 45, no. 4 (November 27, 2018): 341–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763316-04504003.
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This article examines one of the standardized procedures implemented by Stalin and his supporters during the New Economic Policy to professionalize policy processes in central party agencies. Stalin and his supporters in the Secretariat and Organization Bureau relied on informational studies generated by officials in the Organization-Assignment Department of the Central Committee Secretariat (Orgraspred) to assess both the results of major political campaigns and the quality of local party administration. This article draws attention to this practice by examining two case studies. The first was a 1924 investigation into the poor health of party activists and officials sponsored by the Orgraspred, which appeared to confirm opposition claims about the separation of the party leadership from the working class. The second recounts the findings reported by three of Stalin’s allies in the Organization Bureau – Molotov, Andrei Andreev, and Nikolai Antipov – following extended personal tours of Tambov, Tula, Kursk, Ukraine, the Urals, Siberia and the Far East in support of the “Face to the Countryside” campaign. A careful review of the standard procedures these case studies exemplify suggests that common beliefs about the apolitical nature of the Stalin faction that formed during the years of factional struggle require revision.
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Donald, Janet G., Alenoush Saroyan, and D. Brian Denison. "Graduate student supervision policies and procedures: A case study of issues and factors affecting graduate study." Canadian Journal of Higher Education 25, no. 3 (December 31, 1995): 71–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v25i3.183223.
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This study was designed to identify salient issues in supervision across disciplines at a Canadian research university with a history of decentralized administration of graduate programs. Three sets of issues guided the inquiry: (a) the definition of supervision, (b) policies and procedures for supervision, and (c) the resources available for supervision. Although most departments reported having some form of policies and procedures, they did not tend to be explicitly stated or communicated. According to program directors, the two most important factors in the graduate supervision process were the supervisor's knowledge of the research field and his or her availability. There was considerable variability across faculties in the existence of policies and in the importance attached to different factors. Resources also varied greatly across disciplines. One conclusion of the study is that since the process of supervision is complex and occurs within a disciplinary context, much of the effort involved in enhancing the quality of graduate student supervision must be made at the department level. However, a comprehensive definition of graduate student supervision is needed to ensure that, where possible, there is common ground for graduate student supervision policy and practice.
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Respati, Nugroho Dian. "THE ADOPTION OF E-GOVERNMENT IN THE TAX ADMINISTRATION: A SCOPING REVIEW." Scientax 1, no. 2 (April 27, 2020): 109–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.52869/st.v1i2.38.
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With the spread of information, technology and the Internet, we have found that the tax administration is moving towards online or digital services. The study aims to identify what has worked in the adoption of e-government in tax services. The key aspects include the design of e-government in tax procedures, acceptance and usability factors, impacts, and challenges in the implementation. A scoping review was designed to map the existing evidence on the application of information and technology system in delivering tax services, or known as e-government. Key search terms were developed and mapped. Selected databases and key journals were used in this scoping review. Using the criteria that were determined, we identified 79 articles that most closely demonstrated the purpose of this study. However, we only reported the detailed of the findings from ten included articles. The identified studies reflected the majority of articles investigated the reasons behind the success or failure of e-government projects in the tax administration. This review concludes that in an environment in which the government faced many challenges with the limited resources, e-government adoption in tax administration offers the potential benefit to strengthen the government finances. A greater understanding of the purpose, adoption & acceptance factors, the impact and challenges in the application of e-government projects in tax services is a priority for research, policy and practice.
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Mirkes, Sister Renee. "Needed, an Ethics Audit of Catholic Sterilization Policies." Linacre Quarterly 76, no. 2 (May 2009): 163–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/002436309803889287.
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The author proposes an ethics audit of Catholic sterilization policies as a way to correct the disparity between the regnant moral directive prohibiting direct sterilization in Catholic health-care facilities and the policy and practice of allowing tubal ligations for “medical” or “therapeutic” purposes. The proposed four-step plan for the ethics audit involves dialogue and collaboration between U.S. bishops who have Catholic health-care facilities in their dioceses and the respective hospitals’ administration, sponsors, and medical staff. First, bishops clarify for Catholic hospital administrators, sponsors, and system leadership the moral distinction between a direct sterilization and one that is therapeutic or indirect. Second, bishops instruct hospital CEOs to abide by directive 53 of the Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services by providing only indirect sterilizations. Third, bishops encourage hospital leadership and medical/nursing staff to promote directive 53 in tandem with directive 52 and its call for providing natural family planning services within the hospital. And, fourth, bishops collaborate with the hospital or system leadership in conducting ongoing oversight of sterilization policy/procedures to insure that their Catholic health-care institutions practice durable compliance with directives 52 and 53.
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Fedorchenko, Sergey. "Artificial Intelligence in Politics, Media and Public Administration: Reflections on the Thematic Portfolio." Journal of Political Research 4, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-6295-2020-3-9.
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The issue «Artificial Intelligence in the Sphere of Politics, Media Space and Public Administration» was conceived after updating the topic of artificial intelligence in the socio-political and value sphere at several scientific events organized by the Department of History, Political Science and Law of Moscow Region State University: Scientific and Public Forum «Values and artificial intelligence» (10.11.2019) and the round table «Ethics and artificial intelligence» (04.16.2019). This issue includes works devoted to the issues of the practice of artificial intelligence in public administration, public policy and other fields. The authors also touched on the nuances of scientific discourse and futorology. The compiler of the issue is Candidate of Political Sciences, associate professor Fedorchenko Sergey Nikolaevich. Artificial intelligence technologies are a pretty debatable topic. Artificial intelligence technologies are a pretty debatable topic. Currently, political leaders, scientists and members of the public are actively discussing the problems of artificial intelligence related to the following aspects: new opportunities for political communication; media policy, mediation of the political sphere; axiological policy; social networks, bots; government departments; opportunities and limitations of new technologies in political analysis; the importance of intelligent systems for democracy and democratic procedures; threats of cyber autocracy; legitimacy of the political regime and national security; political values, political propaganda, frames, political myths, stereotypes, «soft power», «smart power»; digital diplomacy; the risks of media manipulation, information wars, the formation of a political agenda; experience of using intelligent systems in the organization of high-quality communication between society and the state. The theme of the issue is extremely relevant for modern academic political science. artificial intelligence, digitalization, political science, scientific discourse, futorology, state, democracy, manipulation, political communications. The issue is aimed at specialists, political scientists, graduate students and all those who are interested in this difficult issue in an interdisciplinary manner.
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Tsourdi, Evangelia (Lilian). "Holding the European Asylum Support Office Accountable for its role in Asylum Decision-Making: Mission Impossible?" German Law Journal 21, no. 3 (April 2020): 506–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/glj.2020.21.
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AbstractThe Common European Asylum System (CEAS) seeks to harmonize national asylum procedures. The initial implementation design of the CEAS, reflective of the theory of executive federalism, foresaw that national authorities were to conduct asylum processing and implement the harmonized norms. The implementation design of the EU asylum policy has, nevertheless, started to shift. An integrated European administration is emerging. One area this is pronounced in is asylum decision-making, where patterns of joint implementation have surfaced. This term broadly refers to staff and experts deployed by the European Asylum Support Office (EASO), an EU agency, working alongside national administrators, including on the processing of asylum claims. This Article scrutinizes the emergence of joint implementation patterns in EU asylum policy and the resulting accountability challenge, drawing both from legal analysis and political science theories. I also refer to administrative practice as documented in secondary sources. EASO is currently subject to a mosaic of accountability processes. Two main pitfalls emerge: the intricate balance between accountability and independence; and accessibility for the individual. Against this backdrop, I focus on extra-judicial accountability through the European Ombudsman which, combined with the envisaged internal “individual complaints mechanism” within EASO, could go some way in ensuring applicants’ procedural rights.
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Ojo, Aderonke, Uchechi Ohajionu, and Tosin Ayo. "An Exploratory Discourse of the Operational Connection between Corporate Governance and Creative Accounting in Oil Company Administration in Nigeria." American Journal of Leadership and Governance 6, no. 1 (June 16, 2021): 8–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajlg.730.
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This paper delves into and illuminates on the practices and successes of new and creative governance and accounting practices in Nigeria's oil and gas industry. The purpose of the paper is to find the nexus between corporate governance and creative accounting in Nigerian oil companies. It highlights various management concepts and facets of corporate governance in the Nigerian context that are immoral, but done in the interest of profit maximisation. The study also curiously documents how corporate governance affects the business model of Nigerian companies. This is mostly a doctrinal research that relies heavily on secondary data as obtained from available literature on creative accounting and corporate governance. Finally, there are several corporate governance procedures used in the oil and gas sector of Nigeria which often heavily reflects poorly on the efficiency of the firms, most notably the enforcement of criteria and metrics and their participation in decision-making. Often, the examination of calculation methods, their implementation, their outcomes, and their practical applications in the market environment. It is, without doubt, the reality that Nigerian companies, particularly those in the oil industry, are enmeshed in the practice. The paper finds that there is no guarantee those who are in charge of corporate governance who employ creative accounting will be able to do the best they can to create strategic and financial performance for Nigerian firms, most especially as better decisions are needed for stimulating the economy and recommends that ethical conduct, organizational transparency, accountability and probity be inculcated as an integral policy architecture for corporate governance in Nigeria's oil industry whilst advocating that the concept of separation of powers must be adopted to corporate governance if sustainability, lack of corporate impunity and a culture of unethical conduct in the boardroom would not be perpetually occasioned.
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Бугайчук, К. Л. "Issues of Improving the Provisions of the Current Law of Ukraine Regarding the Prevention of the Origin and Spread of COVID-19 Coronavirus Disease." Law and Safety 77, no. 2 (June 24, 2020): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/pb.2020.2.20.
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The author has studied the current state of the regulatory base on the prevention of the occurrence and spread of the COVID-19coronavirus disease in Ukraine and the practice of its application by authorized entities for the implementation of state policy in the field of health care and the protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens.
The system of public administration in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population has been analyzed. The features of the distribution of powers of state agencies in this area after the liquidation of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of Ukraine have been researched.
The author concludes that the existing system of state agencies that carry out sanitary and epidemiological control in Ukraine requires further improvement by adopting a decree of the Government of Ukraine on the functioning of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service. The author of the article has also identified gaps in the current legislation of Ukraine on administrative offenses, which regulates the procedure for holding accountable for violation of sanitary and anti-epidemic rules. These shortcomings primarily relate to the content of the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses, which contains the names of non-existent state agencies or their officials, the provisions of repealed laws or other by-laws.
Based on the analysis of the laws of Ukraine and government decrees on the implementation of sanitary and anti-epidemiological measures, the author has formulated propositions aimed at regulating the legal status of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service; improvement of administrative proceedings in the field of health care and violation of quarantine rules; amending the list of agencies and officials authorized to consider cases of administrative offenses for the violation of sanitary rules; optimization of the mechanism of prosecution for failure to comply with legal orders of entities implementing the state sanitary and anti-epidemiological policy; expanding the list of powers of the National Police for the implementation of administrative detention, verification of documents and police custody within the sequestration.
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Minhat, Muhamad Nur Fadhli, Nur Berahim, Norhidayah Md Yunus, Ainur Zaireen Zainudin, Siti Radiaton Adawiyah Zakaria, Aminah Mohsin, and Tan Liat Choon. "UNIVERSITY LAND MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW." International Journal of Law, Government and Communication 7, no. 27 (March 9, 2022): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijlgc.727005.
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The public universities has recently struggled to maintain its operating costs due to a reduction in budget allocation from Federal Government. As a result, public universities must diversify their revenue sources in order to maintain their operating costs. One initiative that could be taken is through effectively manage the university assets in which land is one of the important components. Land is one of the tangible assets that needs for a systematic operational in a way to achieve assets greatest return. Therefore university as landowner must ensure that their land is strategically and efficiently managed, in order to achieve the best and highest return. The land management theory has emphasis on putting land into efficient use and good effect. Land policy, land information, and land administration are the three components of land management that put land use for good effect. These three components are important to ensuring that land management meets its objectives. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to review on how university managing their land and what are the essential component that supports good land management practice in University. To achieve this, qualitative method used in this research in which it will rely on the analysis of the relevant statutes, university’s strategic plan of the university, the policy and procedure of university land management, journal and book are reviewed to identify the information and practice on university land management. This Study found four component of university land management which are land management unit, land information management, the statement of strategic plan, policy and procedures as well as financial management. These components should be useful for universities especially to their decisions-makers, such as chancellors and asset managers.
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Dafflon, B. "The Assignment of Functions to Decentralized Government: From Theory to Practice." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 10, no. 3 (September 1992): 283–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c100283.
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The question of why key academic economic arguments for the assignment of functions to decentralized government have not informed the political debate in Switzerland is examined in this paper. In the first section the most relevant theoretical factors of optimal government organization for service delivery are reviewed. A catalogue of criteria that have been debated in the Swiss context at both federal–cantonal and cantonal–local levels are covered in the second section. The main point is that the discussion is focused on rather different criteria from those noted in orthodox economic theory. The analysis of the causes and discrepancies between theory and practice permits a more general conclusion, addressed to fiscal federalism. The conclusion is that there is no general answer to how functions should be assigned to a particular level of government, as the solution depends upon the relevant value-judgments of the polity as well as the resources-use required to provide given services. The outcome is a set of proposals on how better procedures for the assignment of functions might be developed.
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Cochran, Gary L., Ryan S. Barrett, and Susan D. Horn. "Comparison of medication safety systems in critical access hospitals: Combined analysis of two studies." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 73, no. 15 (August 1, 2016): 1167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/ajhp150760.
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Abstract Purpose The role of pharmacist transcription, onsite pharmacist dispensing, use of automated dispensing cabinets (ADCs), nurse–nurse double checks, or barcode-assisted medication administration (BCMA) in reducing medication error rates in critical access hospitals (CAHs) was evaluated. Methods Investigators used the practice-based evidence methodology to identify predictors of medication errors in 12 Nebraska CAHs. Detailed information about each medication administered was recorded through direct observation. Errors were identified by comparing the observed medication administered with the physician’s order. Chi-square analysis and Fisher’s exact test were used to measure differences between groups of medication-dispensing procedures. Results Nurses observed 6497 medications being administered to 1374 patients. The overall error rate was 1.2%. The transcription error rates for orders transcribed by an onsite pharmacist were slightly lower than for orders transcribed by a telepharmacy service (0.10% and 0.33%, respectively). Fewer dispensing errors occurred when medications were dispensed by an onsite pharmacist versus any other method of medication acquisition (0.10% versus 0.44%, p = 0.0085). The rates of dispensing errors for medications that were retrieved from a single-cell ADC (0.19%), a multicell ADC (0.45%), or a drug closet or general supply (0.77%) did not differ significantly. BCMA was associated with a higher proportion of dispensing and administration errors intercepted before reaching the patient (66.7%) compared with either manual double checks (10%) or no BCMA or double check (30.4%) of the medication before administration (p = 0.0167). Conclusion Onsite pharmacist dispensing and BCMA were associated with fewer medication errors and are important components of a medication safety strategy in CAHs.
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Cunha, Diana, Elisabeth Kastenholz, and Bernard Lane. "Challenges for Collecting Questionnaire-Based Onsite Survey Data in a Niche Tourism Market Context: The Case of Wine Tourism in Rural Areas." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (November 6, 2021): 12251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132112251.
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Questionnaire-based surveys are among the most widespread data collection methods in tourism research. However, the special features of rural tourism, with frequently spontaneous, non-massive visitation patterns and sparse visitor numbers, pose challenges to onsite questionnaire administration. Researchers must address these problems to make sample recruitment easier and more effective, while maintaining the goals of representativeness of population and data validity. Using the rural wine tourism context, this article identifies the major challenges for questionnaire-based onsite surveys and suggests best practice procedures. Challenges are discussed using three complementary perspectives: of the supply agents, of the research subjects (the visitors) and of the researchers. The article presents the theory and case study-inspired reflection on the potential strategies of overcoming these challenges and guaranteeing the largest possible number of visitors surveyed in contexts where visitors are few. The discussion includes the questionnaire’s characteristics; the physical setting of its administration; the researchers involved; the visitors approached; the social interactions and influences occurring during the process. Issues with the future use of alternative online forums are also discussed.
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TKACHYK, Fedir. "The role of real estate tax in the fiscal policy of the European Union and economic reconstruction of Ukraine." Economics. Finances. Law 5/2, no. - (May 30, 2022): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2022.5(2).4.
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Introduction. In the modern conditions of economic development, an important task is to study the specific features of real estate tax administration in the European Union in order to implement best practices in the Ukrainian system, especially during martial condition and postwar reconstruction of Ukraine. European experience shows that the real estate tax, using the right approach, can become one of the important provisions of the revenue side of budgets at various levels. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the theoretical and applied provisions of real estate taxation in the European Union and the formation of measures for effective administration of real estate tax in modern Ukrainian fiscal practice. Results. The paper examines the current features of real estate taxation in the European Union. Emphasis is placed on specific procedures for applying real estate tax rates in some European countries. A comparative analysis of the elements of real estate tax in the European Union and Ukraine is conducted. The monitoring of system-wide trends in the development of property taxation in the European Union and Ukraine revealed a high degree of compliance of domestic and European property tax systems. In particular, in Ukraine, as well as in the EU member states, there is an increasing role of property taxes in the fiscal policy of the state and municipalities. Attention is drawn to the controversial provisions and prospects of riches taxation, which can serve as a potential in solution budget problems of national economies. Conclusions. The actual normative positions on optimization of property taxation in Ukraine in the conditions of martial condition are systematized. The conducted research made it possible to form scenarios for strengthening the fiscal potential of the real estate tax in Ukraine, taking into account the experience of the European Union in the period of economic recovery.
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Russi, Alberto, Vanna Chiarion-Sileni, Vera Damuzzo, Francesca Di Sarra, Jacopo Pigozzo, and Angelo Claudio Palozzo. "CASE STUDY ON AN IPILIMUMAB COST-CONTAINMENT STRATEGY IN AN ITALIAN HOSPITAL." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, no. 2 (2017): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317000332.
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Objectives: Ipilimumab is the first licensed immune checkpoint inhibitor for treatment of melanoma. The promising results of the registration clinical study need confirmation in real practice and its clinical success comes together with a relevant budget impact due to the high price of this drug. The aim of this work is to describe a new model of economical sustainability of ipilimumab developed in an Italian reference center for melanoma treatment.Methods: This retrospective, observational, and monocentric study was carried out at the Veneto Institute of Oncology. Ipilimumab was administered to fifty-seven patients with advanced melanoma. Overall survival, progression free survival, and toxicity were evaluated. A local management procedure was evaluated together with the cost-saving strategies implemented by the Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA).Results: We demonstrated that the use of ipilimumab for metastatic melanoma in real practice had an efficacy and toxicity similar to that reported in the literature. In this scenario, our management model (centralization of compounding + drug-day) permitted savings up to the 11.1 percent of the gross cost for the drug (calculated assuming that no cost saving procedures were applied) while the policy of cost containment designed by AIFA produced an additional 6.2 percent of savings.Conclusions: In real practice conditions, the centralized administration of ipilimumab allows to replicate the results of clinical studies and in the meantime to contain the cost associated with this drug. The local strategy of management can be readily applied to most of the high cost drugs compounded in the hospital pharmacy. Impact of findings on practice: (i) We describe a new model of economic sustainability (drug-day, centralization of compounding, payback systems) of an expensive and innovative drug, ipilimumab, for treatment of melanoma within an Italian cancer center. (ii) This pivotal study demonstrated that a cost containment strategy is feasible and it needs the cooperation of all healthcare providers (oncologists, pharmacists, nurses, and technicians) to guarantee the full efficiency of the process.
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Kübler, Daniel, Philippe E. Rochat, Su Yun Woo, and Nico van der Heiden. "Strengthen governability rather than deepen democracy: why local governments introduce participatory governance." International Review of Administrative Sciences 86, no. 3 (January 22, 2019): 409–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852318801508.
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Innovations in participatory governance have been widely discussed but their introduction as such is rarely examined. This article seeks to understand why, in a context of established democracy, local authorities engage in participatory governance. Using a data set on the implementation of mini-publics in 1505 Swiss municipalities in the period 2000 to 2012, we test five hypotheses about the introduction of participatory governance. We find that mini-publics in Swiss municipalities are policy-oriented procedures that involve only a small proportion of the citizenry. Municipalities who implement mini-publics are those that do not have a municipal assembly tradition, whose public services are under growth pressure, who feature many different political groups as well as strong party and community ties, and who have a strongly professionalized public administration. We conclude that the expansion of participatory governance is driven by an agenda to increase governability in an adversarial context with strong and fragmented group interests. Points for practitioners This study explores the introduction of mini-publics in Swiss municipalities. Mini-publics are participatory designs in which small groups of citizens deliberate on a topic related to municipal policymaking. Most mini-public exercises found in this study were related to spatial planning, but sustainability and youth were recurrent fields as well. Mini-publics have become part of public administration practice and are set up in the hope that they will help find solutions to conflicts and foster the acceptance of policy decisions.
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Puri, Manju, Shilpi Nain, Akriti Gautam, Vidhi Chaudhary, Nishtha Jaiswal, Triveni GS, Deepika Meena, et al. "Rational use of antibiotics for major elective gynaecological and obstetrical surgical procedures: quality improvement journey from a tertiary care public facility." BMJ Open Quality 11, Suppl 1 (May 2022): e001438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2021-001438.
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BackgroundAntibiotic resistance is a global problem. Irrational use of antibiotics is rampant. Guidelines recommend administration of single dose of antibiotic for surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SSAP) for elective obstetrical and gynaecological surgeries. However, it is not usually adhered to in practice. Majority of women undergoing elective major gynaecological surgeries and caesarean sections in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of our tertiary level heavy case load public health facility were receiving therapeutic antibiotics (for 7–10 days) instead of recommended SSAP. Our aim was to increase the SSAP in our setting from a baseline 2.1% to more than 60% within 6 months.MethodsAfter root cause analysis, we formulated the departmental antimicrobial policy, spread awareness and sensitised doctors and nursing officers regarding antimicrobial resistance and asepsis through lectures, group discussions and workshops. We initiated SSAP policy for elective major surgeries and formed an antimicrobial stewardship team to ensure adherence to policy and follow processes and outcomes. The point of care quality improvement (QI) methodology was used. Percentage of patients receiving SSAP out of all low-risk women undergoing elective surgery was the process indicator and percentage of patients developing surgical site infection (SSI) of all patients receiving SSAP was the outcome indicator. The impact of various interventions on these indicators was followed over time with run charts.ResultsSSAP increased from a baseline 2.1%–67.7% within 6 months of initiation of this QI initiative and has since been sustained at 80%–90% for more than 2 years without any increase in SSI rate.ConclusionQI methods can rapidly improve the acceptance and adherence to evidence-based guidelines in a busy public healthcare setting to prevent injudicious use of antibiotics.
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Vazin, Afsaneh, Nazafarin Hatami-Mazinani, Effat Alemzadeh, Fatemeh Dehghani, and Motahareh Mahi-Birjand. "Compliance with Antibiotics Prophylaxis Guideline in Surgical Patients in ICUs of a Teaching Referral Hospital." Health Services Insights 15 (January 2022): 117863292211364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786329221136437.
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Antimicrobial prophylaxis used for surgical procedures remains one of the measures for the prevention of surgical site infections (SSIs). The present study was designed to assess the compliance with clinical practice guideline for antimicrobial prophylaxis in variable surgeries conducted in the intensive care units (ICUs) of a major referral hospital. This cross-sectional investigation was carried out by prospective data collected from October 2017 to March 2018 in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Nemazi hospital in Shiraz. Demographic characteristics, surgery type as well as antibiotic treatment were gathered from medical records and entered in data collection forms. We reviewed compliance and adherence of prophylactic antibiotic administration to the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guideline and evaluated the courses of antimicrobial drugs. If an antibiotic administrated for surgical prophylaxis was different from the guideline, the antibiotic was classified as non-guideline-based antibiotics. Most patients participated in this study were male (64.5%). Only 8.75% of the administrated antibiotics chosen for surgical prophylaxis were found to be appropriate antibiotic prescriptions; however, those patients receiving appropriate antibiotics prescribed an inappropriate dosage. In addition, the antibiotics were administrated with inappropriate durations in all cases. Our findings indicated that adherence to the IDSA international guideline seems to be far from ideal in Namazi hospital for antimicrobial prophylaxis, resulting in the unsuitable administration of a wide variety of antibiotics.
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Rachynska, Olena. "Influence of Public Opinion on the Optimization of Communicative Interaction in the Public Administration Sphere." Public administration aspects 8, no. 2 (July 8, 2020): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/152024.
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The article deals with the influence of public opinion on the process of state and administrative decision-making as one of the most pressing problems and a condition for effective interaction of participants of the political and administrative process. Theoretical analysis of the research field on the issues of knowledge and practice of influence of public opinion on the optimization of communicative interaction in the public administration sphere is presented.The essence of this phenomenon is analyzed and the main characteristics of public opinion is noted: it is determined primarily by the events that affect it; accordingly, the demand for action is the reaction of public opinion to events; influencing people is primarily due to influencing their interests; level of trust in management determines the amount of authority given to it; education and information contribute to common sense and moderate human behavior.It is determined that public opinion is a phenomenon more voluminous and complexly structured than the mere sum of points of view expressed by a certain set of individuals. Accordingly, its characteristic features and important practical aspects are directionality and intensity; stability, information saturation and social support. It is established that the functioning of public opinion depends essentially on the type of society that can stimulate and develop functions or deform and restrain them. The essence of public opinion and its main functions is analyzed.Ways to improve the effectiveness of the communicative component in the public administration system is identified. The main ones are optimization of the system of continuous communication between the centers of government decision making and civil society institutions; ensuring an effective public information policy; strengthening the practice of public reporting by public authorities; improving the effectiveness of civil society structures. The process of forming public opinion through the implementation of mechanisms of communicative interaction in the public administration sphere is considered; it is established that public opinion has its structural and operational features.The specifics of communication interaction in the public administration sphere is analyzed. The peculiarity of communicative interaction is to define it as a system of consistent methodological, methodic and organizational-technical procedures within the separate constituent mechanisms, connected by a single purpose: obtaining reliable data on the phenomenon under study or process for their further use in order to increase the effectiveness of the communicative dialogue between the authorities and civil society institutions.
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Villegas-Yagual, Luis, Juliana Villegas-Gomez, Jenny Villegas-Gomez, and Genesis Villegas-Gomez. "CONTRIBUCION A LA DETECCION DEL DELITO DE TESTAFERRO EN EL ECUADOR." Identidad Bolivariana 1, no. 1 (January 5, 2017): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37611/ib1ol183-95.
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Front men in many cases make a significant contribution to the criminal activity, in practice it is not uncommon to see how authentic professionals of the merely formal ownership and administration of companies manage, time after time, to emerge unscathed from those procedures penalties in which they are involved. This impunity is often explained by the more or less considered decision of the investigating judges themselves, who choose to leave figureheads out of the investigation when warn their condition as such to concentrate their efforts on the real owners and managers of the companies, whom they consider the main guilty of the crimes committed. This figure is used in Ecuador by organized crime for its purposes criminal; for example when a person lends his bank account, name, identity, signature, RUC or invoices, to acquire goods such as properties or vehicles, create companies, receive or send money, import or export goods, among others, for the benefit of a third party, could be committing a crime punishable by law. The case of figureheads lies precisely in the fact that they are partners and apparent administrators, often far removed from social activity, do not It is strange that they can ignore some essential aspects of the fact crime in which they are involved. In order to reduce the main causes of impunity, such as the difficulties of locating the figureheads, we can only appeal to a greater effort to part of judges and police, accompanied, certainly, by the necessary staff more and better human and material resources. In case of difficulties derived from the subjective aspect of the fact, on the other hand, the solution to punish to certain partners or merely formal administrators lies, basically, in the possibility of modifying some aspects of the current Law or in review, at least, the usual terms of its interpretation.
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Lisman, Ton, and Robert J. Porte. "Rebalanced hemostasis in patients with liver disease: evidence and clinical consequences." Blood 116, no. 6 (August 12, 2010): 878–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-02-261891.
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AbstractPatients with liver disease frequently acquire a complex disorder of hemostasis secondary to their disease. Routine laboratory tests such as the prothrombin time and the platelet count are frequently abnormal and point to a hypocoagulable state. With more sophisticated laboratory tests it has been shown that patients with liver disease may be in hemostatic balance as a result of concomitant changes in both pro- and antihemostatic pathways. Clinically, this rebalanced hemostatic system is reflected by the large proportion of patients with liver disease who can undergo major surgery without any requirement for blood product transfusion. However, the hemostatic balance in the patient with liver disease is relatively unstable as evidenced by the occurrence of both bleeding and thrombotic complications in a significant proportion of patients. Although it is still common practice to prophylactically correct hemostatic abnormalities in patients with liver disease before invasive procedures by administration of blood products guided by the prothrombin time and platelet count, we believe that this policy is not evidence-based. In this article, we will provide arguments against the traditional concept that patients with liver failure have a hemostasis-related bleeding tendency. Consequences of these new insights for hemostatic management will be discussed.
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Waluyo, Budi. "Balancing financial autonomy and control in agencification." International Journal of Public Sector Management 31, no. 7 (October 8, 2018): 794–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-10-2017-0272.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the practices of financial autonomy and control the emerging issue of agencification in the higher education sector. Design/methodology/approach The practices are investigated using case studies from seven semi-autonomous state universities in Indonesia. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 17 respondents including university officials, policymakers, and experts. The interview results were analysed using an inductive-deductive approach. Findings This research highlights an unstable balance between financial autonomy and control practices in the universities. Autonomy supports agencification mainly by simplifying financial procedures and control is seen by university managers to be overemphasised compared to in the other state universities. Despite successes in introducing a business-like atmosphere within bureaucratic universities, questions about balancing financial autonomy and control remain. Research limitations/implications The small number of cases implies limited generalisability. The two characteristics used, size and parent ministries do not represent all university variabilities. Practical implications Agencification has become a key reform practice for state universities. Rather than using a “one size fits all” approach, the government needs a repertoire of models for these institutions. Originality/value This study provides empirical evidence of agencification in the higher education sector with an emphasis on the financial dimension of autonomy and control in a developing country setting.
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Tomic, H., N. Vucic, S. Vranic, S. Mastelic Ivic, R. Paar, and D. Šantek. "A CASE STUDY OF 3D OWNERSHIP RIGHTS REGISTRATION AS A BASIS OF SMART URBAN GOVERNANCE." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-4/W4-2022 (October 14, 2022): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-4-w4-2022-153-2022.
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Abstract. The Land Administration System (LAS) is of strategic importance to any country. Effective modern LAS should facilitate land management as an important instrument for the implementation of land policy contributing to comprehensive and sustainable land governance. The infrastructure needed to support increasingly complex requirements or urban space management based on three-dimensional register of rights would bring substantial improvement, especially for management of complex 3D situations. Modern cities are increasingly deploying different types of infrastructure under/on/above ground. The Republic of Croatia decided to establish the Register of Buildings, a transitional register combining data about buildings from existing registers towards the 3D cadastre. The transformation from 2D to 3D LAS should follow international standards, firstly the Land Administration Domain Model (LADM): ISO 19152:2012 but also other ISO and OGC standards. This study analyses the possible re-use of cadastral 3D datasets in smart urban governance procedures, the case of public purpose property valuation. To our opinion the establishment of a 3D LAS should facilitate and enable efficient and sustainable management of urban spaces.The prototype of 3D LAS, based on LADM conceptual model and its extensions, should enable efficient integration of 3D ownership rights register with the data from other domains - other key registers, taxation, and valuation data (property market data) and other sources of linked data. In this paper, the case study is used to assess the current practice of registration of buildings and their particular parts and analyse the differences between different implementation of 3D partitioned parts.
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Alla, Sokolovska. "Methodological approaches to estimating the use of tax benefits and the practice of their application." Economy and forecasting 2021, no. 2 (August 30, 2021): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econforecast2021.02.027.
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Tax benefits, considering their consequences for the economy and the budget system, are the most controversial element of any tax. Therefore, policy decisions on the introduction of new, continued use or abolition of existing tax benefits should be based on reliable information about their expected or actual effectiveness and efficiency. The purpose of this article is to define methodological approaches to assessing the use of tax benefits as a prerequisite for improving the soundness of tax policy and effectiveness of public administration of the financial system. The article, based on the analysis of Western literature sources, considers methodological approaches to assessing the use of tax benefits in the context of their effectiveness (achievement of goals and fulfillment of the conditions for granting, impact on the behavior of economic agents and results of their activity), efficiency (comparison of benefits and costs) and relative efficiency (comparison of the effectiveness of tax benefits and other policy instruments), as well as evaluation methods and tools. The practical application of these methodological approaches is considered on the example of investment and innovation incentives for corporate income tax and VAT incentives (reduced tax rate on labor-intensive services). The author notes that the assessment of consequences of the introduction of tax benefits can be provided using methods of comparative analysis of the behavior of the beneficiary company before and after the introduction of the tax incentive; survey of the company's managers on how the tax benefit affected certain aspects of their behavior (investment decisions, implementation of R&D, employment and remuneration policies, etc.); and econometric analysis. According to the results of the study, it s concluded that ultimately the choice of an approach to assessing the application of tax benefits, as well as methods and tools of analysis is determined by the available information base in open sources and access to non-public information. In addition, the reliability of the results of evaluation of the application of tax benefits substantially depends on compliance with the requirements and procedures during their implementation, in particular, the definition of objectives and, if necessary, the conditions of their granting, as well as the quality and the completeness of accounting of the provided benefits. The latter, as well as the availability of the necessary information and its disclosure is one of the main problems in assessing the application of tax benefits in countries with transition economy.
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Sokolovska, Alla. "METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO ESTIMATING THE USE OF TAX BENEFITS AND THE PRACTICE OF THEIR APPLICATION." Ekonomìka ì prognozuvannâ 2021, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 32–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/eip2021.02.032.
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Tax benefits, considering their consequences for the economy and the budget system, are the most controversial element of any tax. Therefore, policy decisions on the introduction of new, continued use or abolition of existing tax benefits should be based on reliable information about their expected or actual effectiveness and efficiency. The purpose of this article is to define methodological approaches to assessing the use of tax benefits as a prerequisite for improving the soundness of tax policy and effectiveness of public administration of the financial system. The article, based on the analysis of Western literature sources, considers methodological approaches to assessing the use of tax benefits in the context of their effectiveness (achievement of goals and fulfillment of the conditions for granting, impact on the behavior of economic agents and results of their activity), efficiency (comparison of benefits and costs) and relative efficiency (comparison of the effectiveness of tax benefits and other policy instruments), as well as evaluation methods and tools. The practical application of these methodological approaches is considered on the example of investment and innovation incentives for corporate income tax and VAT incentives (reduced tax rate on labor-intensive services). The author notes that the assessment of consequences of the introduction of tax benefits can be provided using methods of comparative analysis of the behavior of the beneficiary company before and after the introduction of the tax incentive; survey of the company's managers on how the tax benefit affected certain aspects of their behavior (investment decisions, implementation of R&D, employment and remuneration policies, etc.); and econometric analysis. According to the results of the study, it was is concluded that ultimately the choice of an the approach to assessing the application of tax benefits, as well as methods and tools of analysis is determined by the available information base in open sources and access to non-public information. In addition, the reliability of the results of evaluation of the application of tax benefits substantially depends on compliance with the requirements and procedures during their implementation, in particular, the definition of objectives and, if necessary, the conditions of their granting, as well as the quality and the completeness of accounting of the provided benefits. The latter, as well as the availability of the necessary information and its disclosure is one of the main problems in assessing the application of tax benefits in countries with transition economy.
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Finszter, Géza, and Péter Cieleszky. "Stílusváltozatok a világ rendészeti járványkezelésében." Scientia et Securitas 2, no. 3 (December 22, 2021): 292–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/112.2021.00060.
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Összefoglaló. A világjárvány a Föld minden országát fenyegeti. Az ellene folytatott küzdelem eredményeit és kudarcait akkor lehet felmérni, ha a veszély elmúlt. Addig csak a vírus támadásának a más társadalmi kockázatoktól eltérő egyedi tulajdonságai tárhatóak fel. Tanulmányozásra várnak az egyes országokban bevezetett rendkívüli intézkedések és az Egészségügyi Világszervezet (WHO) globális védekezésre tett kezdeményezései. Summary. The time has not yet come for a comprehensive assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic situation. At this stage, it is possible to collect information, formulate incomplete hypotheses, and define possible research directions and methodology. With this in mind, our paper will focus primarily on domestic practices. We will study the legislation, the constitutional basis of the special legal order, the functioning of public administration organisation, the reactions of criminal substantive and procedural law and, finally, the changed tasks and functions of law enforcement administration in the emergency situation. On the basis of the information available to us, we are seeking answers to three questions. Firstly, can the pandemic be considered a global threat to societies, one with specific characteristics that are different from all other threats? Secondly, what role do the state, government in general, and public administration authorities and law enforcement in particular, have to play in combating the pandemic? Thirdly, can international cooperation achieve such a level of global capacity for action that is needed to tackle the global threat? In response to the first question, the study describes the specificities that justify the uniqueness of the pandemic in nine points: the classification as the highest risk, the three hazards theory, the incomparable nature of the consequences of pandemics and natural disasters, the exclusion of any prior consideration of risk-taking, the application of the tolerable and intolerable distinction, the inconsistency of the typology of internal and external risks, a characteristic that cannot be predicted by legislation, the mathematical measurability of consequences, and the impact on the world economy. Our second aim was to present the domestic practice of combating the epidemic through the special legal order, drawing on the evaluations of legal scholars on the subject published since 2020. We have reviewed the constitutionality of the special legal order, its impact on central state and municipal administration, on substantive and procedural criminal law, and on law enforcement administration. Attention was paid to a specific institution dictated by the exceptional situation: the hospital command system. The police officers temporarily appointed to this post are responsible for supporting the organisational work in health institutions, which cannot include medical activities requiring medical training. The third theme focused on the World Health Organisation’s response to the epidemic from a global perspective. We recalled that the idea of an international treaty was first raised by the President of the European Council, Charles Michel, at the Paris Peace Forum in November 2020 and subsequently endorsed by the G7 leaders on 19 February 2021. EU leaders then expressed their commitment to start work on the preparation of an international treaty on pandemics in the framework of the World Health Organisation. We are convinced that this threefold approach will be worth pursuing when the opportunity arises to assess good and bad practices in epidemic management. However, this will be a task for the post-COVID era.
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Kamau, Florence, Gladys Rotich, and Kennedy Ogollah. "BUSINESS PROCESS REENGINEERING AND SERVICE DELIVERY IN HUDUMA CENTERS IN KENYA." European Journal of Business and Strategic Management 7, no. 1 (July 21, 2022): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ejbsm.1581.
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Purpose: Most public service institutions are generally different in design and operation compared to several years back. The advances in technology and consumer demand have resulted to public institutions adjusting periodically. New technological development has pushed most governments to modernize their systems in order to address their citizens ' demands for reliable and efficient services. As such, the Huduma Program of Kenya was launched in 2013 as a framework through which, a variety of channels advancing citizen-centric public services are supported through the use of digital technology at one stop centres throughout the country. The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of Business Process Re-engineering on service delivery in Huduma centers in Kenya.
Methodology: The methodology used by the researcher used both quantitative and qualitative through the administration of questionnaires that were used as a data collection tool to study a target population of 51 Huduma Centres across the 47 counties in Kenya and an entire population of 153 respondents working at the management level in all operational Huduma centres in Kenya. Hypotheses were tested using regression analysis and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation analysis. The study findings were presented in both tables and figures.
Findings: the study findings revealed that the Huduma centers conduct frequent evaluations of their business processes that affect the delivery of public services they offer. Findings established that Business Process Reengineering practice has statistically significant effect on public service delivery with a p value (0.000) which was less than the conventional probability of 0.05 significance level. The results implied that business process re-engineering is a good predictor of service delivery. The findings have also recognized the role of business process re-engineering as a critical factor affecting one stop shop operations in Kenya. However, there is a need to re-examine the present processes involved, analyze them, and redesign them to be more efficient and cost-effective. These practices must be positive in character in order for citizens to easily use government services. As a conclusion, the results have addressed the knowledge gap in the administration of the Huduma Centres in Kenya.
Unique Contributions to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommended that to enable institutions to redevelop their business procedures through the acknowledgement of which business processes are obsolete and can be eliminated, group related operations, substitute old machines with others, retain gangways and hold business sectors with high frequency.
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Bakhturina, Alexandra Yu. "Documents from the Latvian State Historical Archive on the Situation of German Citizens in Riga at the Beginning of the First World War." Herald of an archivist, no. 2 (2020): 368–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2020-2-368-379.
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The article discusses the information potential of the documents from the Latvian Historical Archive for studying policy of the Russian government towards subjects of adversary states in the First World War. Citizens of Germany and Austria-Hungary who were in Russian regions, where at the beginning of the First World War the martial law was imposed, were subject to administrative deportation to the Central and Eastern gubernias of the Russian Empire as prisoners of war. This problem is being studied mainly on the basis of documents from the central archives, which does not permit to reconstruct the complete picture of what had happened. The article analyses the lists, petitions of deported German citizens, correspondence of police officials, statistical data, and orders of the administration of the governorate of Livonia. Drawing on these documents, it studies social and age composition of the deportees, reconstructs courses of action of the gubernia government. It is noted that petitions of deportees have a strong emotional impact, as they draw pictures of difficult life circumstances of those forced to leave their place of residence and travel far into Russian lands. The emotional intensity of these documents needs to be balanced by using record keeping documents. Lists of deportees have notations on canceling of deportation for various reasons; they permit to introduce into scientific use statistics on the number of deportees. The archival documents suggest that the practice of deportation of adversary state subjects was not a standard procedure. At request, many of them were given a brief reprieve, some received permission to return to Riga later. By the winter of 1914-15, within German and Austrian subjects there were exuded categories of persons not to be subject to deportation (Czechs, Slovaks, French, widows who had previously been Russian subjects, their minor children, persons of over 60 and the sick).
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Vitanski, Dejan. "THE CONCEPT FOR EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR EMPLOYMENT, AFFIRMATIVE MEASURES AND "POSITIVE DISCRIMINATION" IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION." Knowledge International Journal 31, no. 1 (June 5, 2019): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij3101345v.
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The selection of people, their deployment of appropriate jobs and the determination of their duties and powers in the work process constitute a human resources policy, which essence is summarized in the gesture: ,,The right man in the right place". Human resources policy involves a set of activities that should ensure that the right people are in the right place at the right time, in order to carry out the planned activities and projects, through which the body will achieve its strategic goals. Individualism and equality make up the heart of decisions about who will be employed and what kind of process will effect this employment. The valuable premises of individualism encourage the establishment of a competitive recruitment process, which is thought out in order to recruit the person that is most qualified for the given position. The concept of equality, on the other hand, requires human resources policies to provide equal opportunities and access to employment in institutions for all relevant groups in society. The concept of equal opportunities in employment has a political, cultural and emotional substrate and an acronym. It is a set of procedures and practices that effectively protect a person from being excluded from employment because of its race, color, gender, religion, age, national origin or other factors that should not legally be considered in the selection of candidates. At the heart of discrimination, there is intolerance in the workplace towards those who are different. In employment, it manifests itself in failure, equals to be treated equally. Discrimination is an unequal treatment of the equal and equal treatment of the unequal. Whether it is deliberate or unintentional, any action that has the effect of restricting employment opportunities and advancing on account of one's gender, race, color, age, national origin, religion, physical disability, etc., constitutes discrimination and is illegitimate. In labor, the attributes and immanent features of the principle of equality in employment in the public administration are diligently and extensively processed, as a universally established and well-established principle in the national legislation and in the administrative architecture of almost all countries. However, the focus of the scientific research interests of the author includes the so-called affirmative measures and ,,positive discrimination" in employment. The intent of the affirmative measures is to encourage employers to engage a particular target group of people based on their race, gender, or their national origin, in order to reverse or neutralize the consequences of discrimination in the past. Comparatively, affirmative measures encourage dysonant explications, and they are subject to many litigation and constant political and social debate. For years, inequality in the treatment of individuals of different backgrounds is a crucial problem. And today, the concept of equal employment opportunities is in the focus of the theoreticians and the human resources departments. However, it should be emphasized that there is no universal recipe or ,,panacea" as to reach the best practice for equal employment opportunities.
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Milano, Enrico. "The Security Council and Territorial Sovereignty: The Case of Kosovo." International Community Law Review 12, no. 2 (2010): 171–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187197310x498589.
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AbstractMore than ten years since NATO intervened militarily to stop the violence and to create the conditions for a new regime of international administration, Kosovo remains at the top on the agenda of international actors and institutions. The present contribution examines the nature and scope of the Security Council’s action (and inaction) with regard to the political crisis and ensuing conflict emerged in Kosovo starting from the late 1990s and how that practice has shaped notions of territorial sovereignty. It analyses the different forms of international intervention in the four phases of the Kosovo controversy (from the 1998‐1999 crisis to the current situation post declaration of independence, passing through the UN administration of the territory and the negotiations on future status), the extent to which international law played a role in dictating outcomes and results and the ways in which the notion of territorial sovereignty was reinterpreted by the Council. The main conclusion reached is that, while some of the measures adopted throughout the years have introduced important novelties in the contemporary conception of territorial sovereignty, that has been the result of harsh bargaining between different states and groups of states in which the Council has only provided for the diplomatic setting, rather than the end products of the Council’s own policy and strategies. Moreover, as the current discussions over the mandate and legal basis of EULEX show, the interpretation of those measures and instruments has been remarkably at variance among the different actors, surfacing diplomatic conflicts and ‘agreements to disagree’ that have been frozen, in some cases for years, under neutral UN procedures and operational strategies.
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Anagnostis, Ellena, Cindy Wordell, Roy Guharoy, Robert Beckett, and Venessa Price. "A National Survey on Hospital Formulary Management Processes." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 24, no. 4 (July 18, 2011): 409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011407777.
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Purpose: In light of formulary management guidelines from the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP), and discussion of pharmacies' noncompliance with recent Joint Commission accreditation requirements, the University HealthSystem Consortium conducted a formulary management survey to determine member institutions' standard of practice. Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to 227 institutions. Questions pertained to formulary structure, policies and procedures to manage formulary processes, tracking nonformulary medication use, pharmacoeconomic assessment, and Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved versus off-label medication use. Results: Fifty-two institutions across the United States provided responses. Most institutions maintain written policies for how medications are requested (94%) and reviewed (88%) for formulary addition; 92% of institutions have a nonformulary medication process. Nonformulary medication use is tracked at 88% of institutions, and 85% of institutions conduct pharmacoeconomic analyses. Regarding The Joint Commission’s requirement to approve drugs for specific indications, 40% of institutions approve drugs for all FDA-approved indications; 35% of institutions have not formally addressed this requirement. Approximately 31% of the institutions have a policy for approving a medication for an off-label indication. Conclusion: Portions of the ASHP guidelines have been implemented by most institutions, while 35% of institutions have yet to address The Joint Commission’s clarification to approve drugs for specific indications.