Academic literature on the topic 'Police Administration, Procedures and Practice'
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Journal articles on the topic "Police Administration, Procedures and Practice"
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Doolan, Mike. "Practice Notes: Understanding the purpose of youth justice in New Zealand." Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 20, no. 3 (July 17, 2017): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol20iss3id343.
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The administration of justice can become an arid procedural concern when practitioners lose sight of purpose. This article focuses on the purposes of the youth justice provisions of the Children, Young Persons and Their Families Act 1989. After traversing New Zealand’s historical responses to children who offend and contrasting the conceptual underpinnings of those approaches with current legislation, the article identifies the three key aims of youth justice reform which took place during the late 1980s – providing due process guarantees; finding alternatives to enmeshing young people and their families in the formal criminal justice system; and promoting culturally respectful processes. The author argues that almost all of the procedures of the legislation link to one or other of these aims and by understanding these linkages, all youth justice practitioners – judges, legal advocates, coordinators, social workers, police and community service providers – can ensure the intentions of the law are not lost in the exigencies of the day-to-day activity. The article concludes by proposing that all youth justice practitioners, in addition to their role-specific functions, have a collective responsibility to ensure the mandate of the law is given effect.
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LeChasseur, Kimberly, Morgaen Donaldson, Erica Fernandez, and Michele Femc-Bagwell. "Brokering, buffering, and the rationalities of principal work." Journal of Educational Administration 56, no. 3 (May 9, 2018): 262–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jea-10-2016-0129.
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Purpose Brokering and buffering represent two ways in which principals may respond to hyperrational elements of policy demands in the current era of accountability. The purpose of this paper is to examine how some principals broker more efficient, measurable, and predictable evaluation practices for teachers and others buffer their teachers from inefficient, immeasurable, and unpredictable aspects of policy. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative data were obtained from 37 school principals and 363 teachers across 12 districts participating in a new teacher evaluation policy in one state of the USA. Principal interviews and teacher focus groups were conducted at the beginning, middle, and end of 2012-2013. Transcripts were coded to identify hyperrational elements of the policy and principals’ brokering and buffering practices. Findings All principals described elements of the new evaluation policy as inefficient, incalculable, or unpredictable – hallmarks of hyperrationality. Principals brokered efficiency by designing schoolwide parent goals and centralizing procedures; brokered transparency of calculation methods and focused teacher attention on measuring effort, rather than outcomes; and encouraged collective sensemaking to facilitate predictable procedures and outcomes. Principals buffered teachers by de-emphasizing the parent-based component; minimizing the quantitative nature of the ratings; ceding responsibility over calculations to district leaders; and lowering expectations to make ratings controllable. Originality/value The paper provides new understanding of principals’ strategic leadership practices, which represented rational responses to hyperrational policy demands. Therefore, the paper includes recommendations for principal preparation, district support for policy implementation, and further research on principal practice.
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Sługocka, Martyna. "Praktyczny wymiar instytucji czasowego odebrania zwierzęcia właścicielowi lub opiekunowi." Przegląd Prawa i Administracji 108 (June 26, 2017): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0137-1134.108.4.
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THE PRACTICAL DIMENSION OF THE INSTITUTION TEMPORARILY DETAINING THE ANIMAL OWNER OR KEEPERAnimal rights issues in particular cruelty to animals became an object of interest to the doctrine representatives as well as the whole society. This article shows how the police and representatives of social organizations, whose statutory purpose is to protect animals, can help victims of violence. The author discusses the administrative procedure according to which the public administration bodies self-government administration should operate. At the same time, the author draws attention to the problems brought about by the application of the discussed legal regulations in practice.
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Teszner, Krzysztof. "Country Note: Customs And Fiscal Control In Poland As A Radical Measure To Eliminate Tax Evasion." Intertax 48, Issue 10 (September 1, 2020): 922–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2020090.
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Many European countries with stable market economies have recently taken measures to seal their own tax systems. A noticeable phenomenon are the modifications in the organization and functioning of tax administrations and in the existing procedures for the control of taxpayers with respect to the tax law. Customs and fiscal control, which was recently introduced in Poland, is an example of a new control procedure aimed at eliminating tax evasion and combating tax fraud, especially carousel transactions in value added tax. The introduction of this control was preceded by the establishment of a special Customs and Fiscal Service within the modernized National Fiscal Administration. In the article, the author analyses and evaluates the regulations contained in the Act on National Fiscal Administration that concern the fundamental aspects of performing customs and fiscal control. In this contribution, the author emphasizes that the very broad scope of the subject matter of customs and fiscal control allows for a significant amount of freedom for authorities in shaping the control policy and modifying it depending on the risks involved. The exploitation of the powers granted by tax authorities in a disproportionate manner is a source of tax disputes initiated by the controlled taxpayers. Customs and fiscal control in the area of tax law compliance is one of four tax procedures in force in Poland that is aimed at verifying compliance with tax obligations. Although these procedures should be autonomous, in practice, the dualism of control has been maintained. Customs and fiscal control precedes tax proceedings and automatically transforms into these proceedings without any formal initiation. This is a completely innovative legal instrument that allows for rapid investigation and determination of the amount of tax arrears. In this author’s opinion, a customs and tax inspection is a special procedure for obtaining and collecting evidence that is subsequently employed in tax proceedings. Tax law, tax administration, custom and fiscal control, tax evasion.
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Vanwesemael, Toke, Koen Boussery, and Tinne Dilles. "Self-Administration of Medication in Hospital: A Literature Review." Nursing Science Quarterly 33, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894318420921155.
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The idea of patients self-administering their medication in hospital is not new; it was first cited in literature in 1959. Up to date, there is a growing body of literature that recognizes the importance of this approach. In this current state of the literature, self-administration of medication in hospital is positioned in the context of the definition of health as proposed by Huber et al. and Orem’s self-care deficit theory: first identify the concept of medication self-administration, as well as the prevalence, existing procedures, tools, and proven effects of interventions; then the findings should point the way forward for research, practice, and policy.
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Bull Kovera, Margaret, and Andrew J. Evelo. "Improving Eyewitness-Identification Evidence Through Double-Blind Lineup Administration." Current Directions in Psychological Science 29, no. 6 (November 4, 2020): 563–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963721420969366.
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Lineups and photo arrays are often presented to witnesses by police officers who know which lineup member is the suspect (single-blind lineup administration) rather than by officers who do not know (double-blind administration). Administrators who are not blind to which lineup member is the suspect are more likely than blind administrators to emit behavioral cues that steer witnesses toward choosing the suspect and away from choosing fillers (i.e., a lineup member who is not the suspect). Moreover, nonblind administrators may provide confirmatory feedback to witnesses who identify the suspect, increasing their confidence in the accuracy of their identification and weakening the correlation between witness confidence and accuracy. Nonblind administrators are also more likely to interpret witnesses’ tentative statements about a suspect than about a filler as a positive identification. Because of these findings that single-blind administration biases identifications against suspects, even when they are innocent, evidence-based recommendations for best practices in the collection of eyewitness-identification evidence call for the use of double-blind lineup-administration procedures.
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Kaneyasu, Maya. "Pain Management, Morphine Administration, and Outcomes in Preterm Infants: A Review of the Literature." Neonatal Network 31, no. 1 (2012): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.31.1.21.
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Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit may experience a myriad of painful procedures and stressful experiences. Pain management for infants requiring mechanical ventilation is complex and challenging especially in the preterm population. Many infants may not receive analgesia, primarily due to the unknown long-term neurodevelopmental effects of morphine exposure on the developing brain. Currently, there is no consensus on how to treat pain related to mechanical ventilation due to conflicting scientific evidence lacks clarity and certainty about the role of morphine in pain in preterm infants. The Advance Practice Neonatal Nurse must make the best use of available information about morphine analgesia for the preterm infant, and use it to guide policy and practice for infants. The Advance Practice Neonatal Nurse must use his/her clinical expertise to judicially balance the risks and benefits of morphine analgesia, when used, and tailor the treatment plan to each infant’s specific needs.
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Wojnicki, Jacek. "Modernizacja administracji publicznej w Polsce w XXI wieku – założenia teoretyczne i praktyka administracyjna." Studia Politologiczne, no. 2/2022(64) (June 15, 2022): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/spolit.2022.64.2.
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Both structures – government (or more broadly state) and local administration have been functioning in the contemporary Polish state for over 20 years. Hence, a natural analytical procedure is to review the structures and principles of operation, including, in particular, their efficiency and effectiveness. The subject of the article is to make a political science analysis in the context of postulates submitted (mainly by academic and scientific circles) relating to the modernization of public administration in Poland in the 21st century and to compare it with the administrative practice of the contemporary Polish state. Several research methods were used in the presented article: historical-descriptive analysis, legal-institutional analysis, comparative and systemic method.
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Frid, Arthur. "Tolkenbijstand In Strafzaken." Vertalen in theorie en praktijk 21 (January 1, 1985): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.21.06fri.
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At present, a foreign suspect in criminal cases is at the mercy of uncontrolled free forces for assistance from interpreters. He may get a "real" interpreter, an amateur, an "assistant inspector", or none at all. The quality as well as the frequency of interpreters' assistance in our administration of criminal justice remains arbitrary, and is at its best sympathetic. Dutch legislation in this area is completely inadequate and conflicts with the Treaty of Rome, leading to chaotic practices. It is a fact that no professional training is required, and it has occurred in more than one case, particularly in police headquarters, that the interpreter in question took sides. An interpreters' presence is required by law at court sessions only. As a consequence, police and legal officials repeatedly conduct examinations of suspects without the mediation of interpreters. Initiatives intended to put an end to this undesirable situation, among them one from the Netherlands Translators' Association, have come to nothing. The blame for this lies in part with the autonomous, uncooperative actions of the police and judicial officials, and with the misplaced toleration of these practices by the government. Moreover, interpreters themselves are not blameless: many take advantage of the fact that, literally and figuratively, they practice a free profession subject to few controls. Interpreters' assistance should be radically changed, both with respect to its planning and its content. There are three basic requirements: 1. Professionalization: Interpreting in criminal cases should be a separate profession. Rules of conduct and professional rules, education in criminal law, together with interpreting and technical language specialization, are necessary for this. 2. Intensification: Free assistance from interpreters in all those moments in criminal justice procedures which are of vital importance to the suspect is essential. 3. Coordination and control: "Interpreters on-call" should be available at the Bureaus for Legal Assistance, with the assignment of professional interpreters to all criminal court cases. Along with this, an organ should be established which is charged with the responsibility for supervision and disciplinary jurisdiction.
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Vinciguerra, Maria Chiara. "Punching Below Its Weight: The Role of the European Parliament in Politicised Consultation Procedures." Politics and Governance 9, no. 3 (July 30, 2021): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/pag.v9i3.4069.
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With Lisbon, the European Parliament formally acquired an equal standing to that of the Council of the EU in the making of policies in the AFSJ (area of freedom, security and justice). However, the growing political salience of policy issues at stake and bottom-up politicisation in the AFSJ has had the unintended effect of undermining the European Parliament’s internal unity even under consultation procedures. To show how this played out in practice during Europe’s migration and refugee crisis, this article analyses the European Parliament’s role, preferences, and bargaining position in the making of two Refugee Relocation Decisions (Council Decisions 2015/1523 and 2015/1601) under consultation procedure. To do so, this article exploits Putnam’s two-level framework (level I and II politics throughout the policy-making process) to explore early agenda-setting attempts and groups’ positions on issues of refugee relocation and burden-sharing, as they were formally stated in their position papers and expressed at the LIBE Committee and at plenary. This article shows that the high domestic salience and politicization of the issues at stake left MEPs torn between competing principals at home and within their European Parliament political groups and had the effect of weakening overall unity on the issue of refugee relocation.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Police Administration, Procedures and Practice"
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Davis, Karen Ann Conway. "The status of policies, procedures and practice of the legal requirements for suspension, expulsion and manifestation determination of children with disabilities." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289072.
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The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1997 added new provisions for disciplining children with disabilities by suspension and/or expulsion. The purpose of this study was to determine the status of policies, procedures and accepted practice for suspensions, expulsions, and manifestation determinations of children with disabilities in two types of public school districts (traditional and charter) in the State of Arizona. Using document analysis of local school district policies, procedures, and child files for review from recent state education monitoring information and a structured telephone interview questionnaire with Directors of Special Education in both types of districts reporting documented suspensions and/or expulsions over ten days, the research findings indicated that the major changes in the federal special education law had not been a catalyst, to date, for the development of new local education agency policies and procedures regarding suspension and/or expulsion of children with disabilities. Results indicated no major difference in policies and procedures among or between traditional and charter public school districts. Respondents from both types of districts described the procedures used by their IEP teams that indicated the teams were conducting manifestation determinations in an appropriate manner. However, neither type of school district was in compliance with the new discipline requirements of IDEA regarding the mandate to have written policies and procedures. Expedited due process hearing to decide if a child is so dangerous that the requesting district will qualify for an exemption to stay-put rules appear to be unnecessary as a procedure to remove the child from school. Research directions are discussed.
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Mann, Monique. "A Story of Organized Crime: Constructing Criminality and Building Institutions." Thesis, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Policing and Security (CEPS) Griffith University, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/91930/1/PhD_MANUSCRIPT_REVISED_MANN.pdf.
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This is a narrative about the way in which a category of crime-to-be-combated is constructed through the discipline of criminology and the agents of discipline in criminal justice. The aim was to examine organized crime through the eyes of those whose job it is to fight it (and define it), and in doing so investigate the ways social problems surface as sites for state intervention. A genealogy of organized crime within criminological thought was completed, demonstrating that there are a range of different ways organized crime has been constructed within the social scientific discipline, and each of these were influenced by the social context, political winds and intellectual climate of the time. Following this first finding, in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with individuals who had worked at the apex of the policing of organized crime in Australia, in order to trace their understandings of organized crime across recent history. It was found that organized crime can be understood as an object of the discourse of the politics of law and order, the discourse of international securitization, new public management in policing business, and involves the forging of outlaw identities. Therefore, there are multiple meanings of organized crime that have arisen from an interconnected set of social, political, moral and bureaucratic discourses. The institutional response to organized crime, including law and policing, was subsequently examined. An extensive legislative framework has been enacted at multiple jurisdictional levels, and the problem of organized crime was found to be deserving of unique institutional powers and configurations to deal with it. The social problem of organized crime, as constituted by the discourses mapped out in this research, has led to a new generation of increasingly preemptive and punitive laws, and the creation of new state agencies with amplified powers. That is, the response to organized crime, with a focus on criminalization and enforcement, has been driven and shaped by the four discourses and the way in which the phenomenon is constructed within them. An appreciation of the nexus between the emergence of the social problem, and the formation of institutions in response to it, is important in developing a more complete understanding of the various dimensions of organized crime.
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Pennell, Kym. "Police education and police practice." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/35468.
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"January 2002".Thesis (DEd)--Macquarie University, Australian Centre for Educational Studies, School of Education, 2003.
Bibliography: p. 229-246.
Introduction: police education and police practice -- "Police": a definition -- Policing in a democratic society: the role dilemma -- Contemporary policing: a convergence of ideas -- Role conception: the United Kingdom -- Development of policing: Australia and the United States of America -- The nature of crime -- The police response: effectiveness and outcomes -- The perceptions and expectations of stakeholders -- The police culture -- The police organisation -- Police education and training: models of learning -- Police education and training: providers -- Police education and training: evaluation of 'training' models -- Police education and training: evaluation of 'professional models' -- Police education and training: evaluation of 'professional/academic' model -- Police education and training: evaluation of experience -- Conclusion.
A perception of escalating social disorder and allegations of police corruption and ineptitude have led to a social and political imperative to reform policing. Fundamental to this reform is the modification of the core mission of the police and the operational practices of the uniformed Constable. The core characteristics of policing and the operational practices of the uniformed Constable are determined by the core mission and the operational context of policing. -- Despite an imperative to reform the quality and provision of police services to the community the core mission of the police has not fundamentally altered during the last half century and remains crime control (Zaho, 1996). The core mission of contemporary policing has been criticised for being in direct conflict with basic democratic principles and for being simply unachievable. This thesis will establish that the origins and occurrence of crime, its prevalence and persistence is detennined by social, economic and cultural factors that are beyond the control of the police. It will be argued that long-term successful law-enforcement in a democratic society requires the acceptance, cooperation and approval of the community. Community oriented policing may provide the theoretical framework for internalising normative controls and for enhancing public participation in and sharing responsibility for crime control. -- It will be demonstrated that the strategc shift in policing implicit within the theoretical framework of community policing has significant implications for the reform of police . education and training. Several commentators and various Commissions of Inquiry have recommended upgrading police education and training, and the participation of police in tertiary education. -- The reform of police practice is contingent upon the reform of the core mission and the operational context of policing. The core mission and the operational context of policing is substantially defined, controlled and manipulated by the perceptions, expectations and actions of stakeholders. Directly or indirectly these have been found to be antithetical to alternative models of policing that are service orientated; thus blocking, diluting or redirecting efforts to implement community policing. -- Unless the core mission of the police and the operational context of policing are substantially modified then police education will continue to have a limited impact upon the operational practices of the uniformed Constable.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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Alhazzaa, Sultan Mohammad. "Public personnel administration in the Civil Service of Saudi Arabia : policies, procedures and practices." Thesis, Boston Spa, United Kindom : British Library Document Supply Centre, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.304383.
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Grose, Wendy. "Nurse Practitioner Navigator Policy and Procedure Protocols in Private Practice." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4063.
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In 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Healthcare Act (PPACA) implemented changes to reduce healthcare spending that incorporated Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) incentive programs to reduce 30-day readmission rates in seniors with heart failure. This project includes a policy and procedure for private practice using a nurse practitioner navigator (NPN) led multidisciplinary team (MDT) for the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) to improve communication between hospitals and PCMH to decrease readmission rates in seniors with heart failure (HF). This practice change will provide an implementation and evaluation plan along with plans for future expansion. Meetings were held twice weekly along with the use of Skype when team members were unavailable. A literature review explored methods to improve communication between hospitals and PCHM to reduce readmission rates. Thirty-two peer-reviewed articles were identified in a search of CINAHL and ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Source databases that served as the primary pool of evidence used for this project, supplemented by context considerations provided by the project team. Evaluating the evidence based research provided support for this project using a NPN led MDT to reduce readmission rates. Coleman's transition of care (TOC) model was used as a framework for both the policy and procedure to integrate patient, provider, and environmental contexts, support health care policy changes, and reduce health care spending. This scholarly project supports the role of DNPs as leaders in the medical field working to translate existing evidence into policy and practice and lead interdisciplinary health care teams.
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Blackwood, Hayley L. "A Comparison of Miranda Procedures: The Effects of Oral and Written Administrations on Miranda Comprehension." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc11057/.
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Millions of custodial suspects waive their rights each year without the benefit of legal counsel. The question posed to psychologists in disputed Miranda waivers is whether this waiver decision was, knowing, intelligent, and voluntary. Mental health professionals must be aware of potential barriers to Miranda comprehension to provide expert opinions regarding a defendant's competency to waive rights. The current study examined how Miranda warning reading level, length, and method of administration affects Miranda comprehension. Recently arrested detainees at Grayson County Jail were administered oral and written Miranda warnings from the Miranda Statements Scale (MSS; Rogers, 2005) to measure their comprehension of the warnings. Surprisingly low levels of Miranda comprehension were found for most warnings. For all warnings at or above 8th grade, a substantial minority (27.1% - 39.6%) of defendants exhibited failed (i.e., < 50% understanding) Miranda comprehension. Regardless of other variables, oral administrations resulted in a substantially larger number of defendants with failed Miranda comprehension. Implications for public policy and clinical practice are discussed.
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Nogueira, Leila de Mello Yañez. "Estabilidade versus flexibilidade: a dicotomia necessária à inovação na gestão de recursos humanos em uma organização pública, estatal eestratégica como Bio-Manguinhos / Fiocruz." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2009. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/2500.
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Previous issue date: 2009Este trabalho propõe analisar o fenômeno da terceirização desenvolvido ao longo das duas últimas décadas em Bio-Manguinhos. Trata-se de um estudo de caso realizado na unidade de produção de vacinas e reagentes para diagnóstico da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Inicialmente foi realizado um estudo de cenário, analisando a política de gestão do trabalho desenvolvida pelo Estado brasileiro para as instituições públicas. A seguir, a análise passou a verificar a inserção da Fiocruz nessas políticas, desde a sua criação e no decorrer de vigência de diferentes formas de contratação, alternando da extrema rigidez para a total flexibilidade sempre com foco na gestão do trabalho, e, como essas políticas se refletiram no desempenho de Bio-Manguinhos. Baseado no contexto da conformação do Estado e na análise do desempenho da unidade, o trabalho critica a falta de planejamento e de prospecção dessas políticas, que favoreça a inovação de processos, produtos e procedimentos e o desempenho pleno de uma unidade de produção de insumos para a saúde, tão necessários ao atendimento das necessidades da população brasileira. Critica também, a ausência de um modelo de Estado consolidado que sirva de arcabouço à formulação dessas políticas. Devido às fortes críticas dos órgãos de controle acerca da extrapolação dos limites da terceirização praticada nas últimas duas décadas e à falta de definição clara desses marcos legais, o trabalho apresenta uma metodologia baseada nas atribuições dos cargos do plano de carreiras da Fiocruz e culmina com a apresentação de uma matriz de atribuições passíveis de serem realizadas por contratação indireta. Conclui pela necessidade de convivência de dois quadros de trabalhadores: um permanente formado por servidores, estáveis e de carreira e outro flexível, executado por contratação indireta, de caráter eventual, temporário ou de apoio às atividades relacionadas à missão de Bio-Manguinhos. O trabalho ainda sugere a aplicação da mesma metodologia às demais unidades da Fiocruz e que a instituição afirme, frente aos órgãos de controle, quais atividades que ela precisa manter no quadro de servidores permanente e quais ela quer delegar a terceiros sem contudo, ferir a legislação vigente. Por fim, constata-se que a metodologia apresentada ameniza, mas não resolve o problema, dessa forma, recomenda-se à Fiocruz buscar mecanismos que altere o modelo de gestão pelo qual está submetida a fim de viabilizar as duas formas de incorporação de mão-de-obra.
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(7759907), C. Hall. "Evaluation of police service service delivery in the southern Gold Coast area." Thesis, 2000. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Evaluation_of_police_service_service_delivery_in_the_southern_Gold_Coast_area/13425986.
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Project examines how residential and business sectors of the community in the southern Gold Coast perceive the police service provided to them and records the level of satisfaction with that service. The history of policing is also discussed, from the early convict days to the methods employed by the Queensland Police Service.. This study explores how the residential and business sectors of the community in the southern Gold Coast area perceive the police service provided to them. The study also records the community level of satisfaction with that service. To provide a .context for theses community outcomes, contemporary policing issues in Australia are discussed, in particular how policing has developed from the early convict days to the current methods used by the Queensland Police Service to deliver its service. This study discusses such issues in policing as technology and the current concepts underlying police response times and police numbers and the impact this has on crime and community satisfaction levels. International concepts in crime prevention and community policing are explored and are highlighted by examples of community policing case studies conducted by the Queensland Police Service. Various studies relating to crime prevention are reviewed and the community fear of crime is discussed. Of particular interest is the expansion and theoretical considerations of situational crime prevention as relates to routine crime prevention activity and the role of guardians. The role of police as guardians for break and enter crime is of particular interest. The study concludes that a police response in this role is inadequate and alternative strategies must be implemented. Alternative strategies of guardianship could find the police implementing activities that empower the community with knowledge and resources to perform the role of guardians against break and enter crime themselves.
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Byrne, Desiree Kornrum. "Relationships between financial aid policies, practices and procedures at Texas public colleges and universities." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/2825.
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Grobler, Elizabeth. "A criminological examination of police criminality." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1530.
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The primary objective of this research was to study and explain police criminality from a criminological point of view. Police criminality was addressed from a scientific perspective and this was achieved by using scientific measures and procedures including theoretical explanations and recognised research methodology.
The secondary objectives included the undertaking of a comprehensive literature study on police criminality in addition to conducting interviews with specialists in order to gain expert information from knowledgeable sources in the field of police criminality. Interviews conducted with police offenders addressed police criminality from the viewpoint of the individual offender.
The findings of the empirical study reflect significant individual and organisational factors. The individual factors highlighted characteristics such as power, greed, aggression, feelings of invincibility, gullibility, propensity to criminality and psychological factors including Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, which contributed to crimes committed by police members. Perhaps the most significant organisational contributors highlighted by this study related to managerial shortcomings. It is evident that police organisations with high levels of untrained, inexperienced and incompetent managers experience high levels of internal criminality. Poor supervision and the lack of corruption controls create an enabling environment for the perpetuation of police deviance.
Additional organisational factors that encourage criminality include negative aspects of police culture such as the code of silence, where police members are more apt to protecting corrupt colleagues than reporting them. The lack of discipline gives rise to insubordination and familiarity, which encourages impunity. In the South African Police Service at present, the policy of Affirmative Action is causing widespread dissatisfaction and the lowering of morale amongst certain members. Inadequate recruitment and training do not prepare members adequately for their job and it literally allow the "worm into the apple."
The researcher's contribution to this study is an interventionist model, which contains essential recommendations primarily for the benefit of the South African Police Service. These include the expeditious implementation of a comprehensive anti-corruption strategy and the creation of an independent investigation unit. Management shortcomings must be rectified and professionalism encouraged. Recruits need to be thoroughly vetted and ethics and integrity must be included in police training.Criminology
D. Litt. et Phil. (Criminology)
Books on the topic "Police Administration, Procedures and Practice"
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United States. Federal Railroad Administration. Federal Railroad Administration safety policy, procedures and recommendations. [Washington, D.C.]: The Administration, 2005.
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Woodcock, Elizabeth W. Operating policies & procedures manual for medical practices. 3rd ed. Englewood, CO: Medical Group Management Association, 2006.
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Woodcock, Elizabeth W. Operating policies & procedures manual for medical practices. 3rd ed. Englewood, CO: Medical Group Management Association, 2006.
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A, Warn Bette, and Medical Group Management Association, eds. MGMA operating policies & procedures manual for medical practices. 4th ed. Englewood, CO: Medical Group Management Association, 2011.
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Tilton, Rita Sloan. Secretarial procedures and administration. 9th ed. Cincinnati: South-Western Pub. Co., 1987.
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Tilton, Rita Sloan. The electronic office: Procedures & administration. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western Educational Pub., 1996.
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Tilton, Rita Sloan. The electronic office: Procedures & administration. Cincinnati, OH: South-Western Pub. Co., 1991.
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Saunders, Lauren K. First Nations Police Governing Authorities: Operations and procedures, a "how to" manual. [Ottawa, Ont.]: Solicitor General Canada, Ministry Secretariat, 1995.
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Yisŕaʼel, Israel Mishṭeret. Police and prison service personnel ombudsman. Israel: Ministry of Police, 1990.
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Rawlings, Thomas C. Georgia child welfare and juvenile justice: Policy, practice and procedure. 2nd ed. Atlanta, GA: Daily Report, 2014.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Police Administration, Procedures and Practice"
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Beger, Paula. "Party Rhetoric and Action Compared: Examining Politicisation and Compliance in the Field of Asylum and Migration Policy in the Czech Republic and Hungary." In Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics, 137–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54674-8_6.
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Abstract Since the European refugee crisis 2015, the rather bureaucratic asylum and migration policy has become a highly politicised issue in ECE countries. The politicisation process started while political parties were involved with the policy. However, many studies have ignored the practice of executives’ and administrations’ action in this domain and knowledge of whether this public anti-EU rhetoric really resulted in non-compliance, therefore, remains limited. This chapter interlinks politicisation and non-compliance research in a comparative case study of Hungary and the Czech Republic. While combining findings of expert interviews, data on party manifestos and infringement procedures, it concludes that the partial politicisation did not lead to broader non-compliance in the Czech case, whereas the governmental-led politicisation in Hungary resulted in non-compliance. This difference is explained by the fact that in Hungary, the asylum-related administration, like other bureaucratic fields, has become increasingly re-politicised during the last decade.
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Nolan, Thomas. "Police Organization and Administration." In Critical Issues in Crime and Justice: Thought, Policy, and Practice, 269–84. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781544307978.n17.
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Chałubińska–Jentkiewicz, Katarzyna. "Cybersecurity as a Public Task in Administration." In Cybersecurity in Poland, 191–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78551-2_13.
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AbstractContemporary models of public administration have been formed by various political, social and economic conditions. Public tasks are carried out on the basis of legal provisions under the conditions of applying specific decision-making rules and organisational techniques, which include specific principles, procedures and practice—experience. These features characterise public administration as a system of operations, also in relation to cyberspace. The transformations associated with the computerisation and dissemination of information and communication technologies have meant that the duty of public administration in the information age is, on the one hand, to synchronise the activities of entities belonging to different sectors, and on the other, to manage complex networks, as well as to adapt the functioning of public administration to using new technologies. The goal of cybersecurity management is to provide optimal cost protection; to determine which risks can be avoided and how, using both organisational and technical solutions, the risk can be minimised to an acceptable level.
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Tepandi, Jaak, Carmen Rotuna, Giovanni Paolo Sellitto, Sander Fieten, and Andriana Prentza. "The Technical Challenges in OOP Application Across the European Union and the TOOP OOP Architecture." In The Once-Only Principle, 141–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79851-2_8.
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AbstractThe Once-Only Principle requires the public administrations to ensure that citizens and businesses supply the same information only once to the Public Administration as a whole. Widespread use of the Once-Only Principle has the potential to simplify citizens’ life, make businesses more efficient, and reduce administrative burden in the European Union. The Once-Only Principle project (TOOP) is an initiative, financed by the EU Program Horizon 2020, to explore the possibility to enable the cross-border application of the Once-Only Principle by demonstrating it in practice, through the development of selected piloting applications for specific real-world use cases, enabling the connection of different registries and architectures in different countries for better exchange of information across public administrations. These piloting ICT systems are designed as a result of a pan-European collaboration and they adopt a federated model, to allow for a high degree of independence between the participating parties in the development of their own solutions. The main challenge in the implementation of an OOP solution is the diversity of organizations, procedures, data, and services on all four main levels of interoperability: legal, organizational, semantic, and technical. To address this challenge, TOOP is developing and testing the TOOP Reference Architecture (TOOPRA) to assist organizations in the cross-border implementation of the OOP. The paper outlines the TOOPRA users, principles, and requirements, presents an overview of the architecture development, describes the main views of TOOPRA, discusses architecture profiling, and analyses the TOOPRA sustainability issues.
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Bettinger, Torsten. "Alternative Dispute Resolution Procedures for ccTLDs." In Domain Name Law And Practice. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199663163.003.0049.
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As described in Part I, the ultimate public policy authority for the operation of ccTLDs rests with the relevant government or public authority, and how this authority is exercised is determined by applicable law. While ICANN retains the role of coordinating and ensuring the stability and security of the domain name system with regard to the gTLDs, with respect to the ccTLDs, the registries and the relevant governmental authorities retain important administration and self-determination rights. This includes the ability to determine the types of dispute resolution procedures that apply under a particular ccTLD.
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Brack, Graham, Penny Franklin, and Jill Caldwell. "Medicines Management: Systems and Procedures." In Medicines management for nursing practice. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199697878.003.0013.
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By the end of this chapter you should be able to:… ● Understand the responsibilities and accountability of the student and trained nurse with regards to medicines management ● Understand the reasons for policy to support medicines management ● Interpret the role of the nurse in relation to policies and standards for medicines management ● Understand the role of the nurse in relation to key standards and drivers for the safer administration and management of medicines…. The aims of this chapter are to support you to interpret the responsibility that you already carry as a student and will carry as a registrant when giving medicines to patients and to help you to understand what is meant by accountability and how this relates to your role now and in the future in the management of medicines. Medicines management occurs wherever there is a patient and is carried out in a variety of settings which include:… ● acute hospitals ● community hospitals ● care homes, both residential care homes and nursing homes ● the patient’s own home ● schools ● community clinics…. The National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA, 2004 ) has produced guidance for organizations on supporting patient safety. They suggested the implementation of seven steps as follows:… 1 Build a safety culture. 2 Lead and support your staff. 3 Integrate your risk management activity. 4 Promote reporting. 5 Involve and communicate with patients and the public. 6 Learn and share safety lessons. 7 Implement solutions to prevent harm…. When interpreted in relation to medicines management and nursing care this means that the employing organization has a duty of care to its employees and patients to ensure that medicines are dispensed, supplied, and administered safely and that procedures are in place to support this. Managers need to be made aware of anything that might prevent this, and must ensure that checks are in place to prevent harm from occurring. The clear and prompt reporting of concerns, risk, and errors to management is pivotal to patient safety and medicines management in nursing and, from an organizational point of view, patient consultation and involvement is vital. Lessons must be shared in a ‘low blame culture’ and changes made to support the reduction of risk and potential harm. For more on communication and on risk reduction please see Chapters 1 and 10.
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Bryner, Andrea L. "Administrative Considerations: Policy and Procedures." In Clinical Simulations for the Advanced Practice Nurse. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/9780826140364.0003a.
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"Practices and Procedures at Other Institutions." In Public Administration and Public Policy, 129–57. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b13903-10.
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Flynn, Maria, and Dave Mercer. "Medicines management." In Oxford Handbook of Adult Nursing, edited by Maria Flynn and Dave Mercer, 45–60. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198743477.003.0004.
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The administration of medicines, in both hospital and community settings, is a central part of the nursing role. All aspects of medicines management are regulated by international directives and UK law, and healthcare provider organizations all have local policies and procedures to ensure safety. Nursing practice is also bound by the standards for medicines management described by the UK Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC). This chapter provides a general overview of key aspects of safe medicines management and outlines the NMC standards which frame this aspect of nursing work.
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Aligica, Paul Dragos, Peter J. Boettke, and Vlad Tarko. "Introduction." In Public Governance and the Classical-Liberal Perspective, 1–14. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190267032.003.0001.
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The introduction sets up the stage for the rest of the book by asking a series of key questions: Does classical liberalism entail a systematic framework of principles regarding public governance? If so, what are its broad recommendations and how does this perspective differ from other, more well-known perspectives on public administration? Classical liberalism accepts a wide range of collective arrangements and activities ranging from certain types of regulation to the provision of specific public goods and even to specific welfare policies. As such, the question arises, within the range of government activities accepted as legitimate, or at least not entirely beyond the pale, what are the particular classical-liberal views on the instruments and procedures of the administration of collective affairs? What kind of doctrine of governance and public administration does classical liberalism inspire? Is it possible to reconstruct or piece together such a position using the existing literature and practice?
Conference papers on the topic "Police Administration, Procedures and Practice"
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Potter, Dale, and Mark S. Jean. "Learnings From Implementing an API 1173 Compliant Management System." In 2022 14th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2022-86868.
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Abstract In July of 2015, the American Petroleum Institute (API) published Recommended Practice (RP) 1173 to provide an industry framework for the development of a Pipeline Safety Management System (PSMS). Regulators and industry companies worked together to develop the RP, providing the basis for enhanced public safety and protection. Recognizing the inherent benefits to their organization, CHS’ pipelines and terminals division began developing their API RP 1173 compliant management system in February 2016. They were early adopters of this new management system approach and have had several years to not only develop their frameworks, policies, procedures, templates, and tools, but also to implement and ingrain them within their organization. The approach taken was methodic and systematic and focussed on right-sizing their system to match their specific organizational requirements. This supported CHS’ focus on building and applying the right pieces of their system in the right order to build organizational momentum and adoption. Roles and responsibilities throughout the organization were carefully defined to support implementation, administration, and management of the system. The establishment of CHS’ management system not only supported improved safety, but it also helped support the integration and alignment of different pipeline business areas. Throughout CHS’ development and implementation of its management system, key challenges and learnings were identified. This paper will outline the approach taken by CHS to assess and implement API RP 1173 within their pipeline and terminals division. The paper will outline the specific steps taken, the approach to building their company-specific framework and the learnings that were discovered along their journey. This paper will be of specific interest to those companies that may be in various stages of developing and implementing API RP 1173 within their respective organizations.
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Skutele, Signe. "Kriminālprocesa iepriekšējās izmeklēšanas reformas Krievijas impērijā iemesli, mērķi un perspektīvas 19. gs. 60. gados." In Latvijas Universitātes 80. starptautiskā zinātniskā konference. LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.33.
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In the context of police organization, conduct and authority during the 18th and 19th centuries, the approach whereby the police authority conducted preliminary investigations occasioned dissatisfaction, therefore in 1860 several legislative acts were adopted, which changed the procedures for conducting the preliminary investigation of criminal proceedings by introducing a new institute – an investigating judge. The author in this publication has examined the elements of the reform of the public administration and legal system, as well as analysed the reasons for the reform of the preliminary investigation and the establishment of the institute of the investigating judge. The author has drawn conclusions regarding the development of the public administration and legal system of the Russian Empire within the framework of Western legal traditions, focusing on the reasons, objectives, and prospects of the reform of the preliminary investigation in the 19th century.
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Nikač, Željko, and Branko Leštanin. "LEGISLATIVNI OKVIR ZA RAD POLICIJE REPUBLIKE SRBIJE U FUNKCIJI VLADAVINE PRAVA." In XV Majsko savetovanje: Sloboda pružanja usluga i pravna sigurnost. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xvmajsko.681n.
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In the first decade of the new millennium, the Republic of Serbia, like the other states of the former socialist bloc, started out through reforms and the transition of society, which affected all areas of social life. The purpose of the announced and partially implemented changes was to democratize society, develop a stable political system, create conditions for economic development, and overall progress. An important element of the initiated reforms of the socio-political and economic system is the professional and rational organization of state authorities. From the point of view of legal security and the rule of law, the judicial and internal affairs bodies have the primary place, especially in creating the environment of legal security and access to justice equally for all. Part of the reform process is the transformation of the administration and the police as an integral part that must be complementary to the needs of the community, businesses and citizens. The paper presents the most important international and domestic legal sources of importance for the reform of the MoI – police, problems and challenges in the way of achieving this goal and the rule of law. In the final part there are also some suggestions de lege ferenda for improvement of the current legislative framework and police-legal practice, especially in the context of Serbia's application for admission to the EU.
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Bodul, Dejan, and Ivo Matić. "POSTUPAK IZVANREDNE UPRAVE: INSOLVENCIJSKI MODEL KAO „TALAC“ KRIZE." In XV Majsko savetovanje: Sloboda pružanja usluga i pravna sigurnost. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xvmajsko.477b.
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The global crisis in recent years has resulted in an inconsistent economic policy of EU member states that ranged from the policy of proclaimed liberalism to the policy of ad hoc interventionism. It is the result of a mismatch between the capacity of the nation state and its existing obligations towards its citizens. Doctrinal analyses state that, therefore, states are trying to fulfil their expected function by implementing insolvency regulations aimed at rescuing infrastructure "losers" from liquidation bankruptcy while retaining those entities that are the backbone of national development policy. In this regard, this paper intends to analyse the model of Extraordinary Management Procedure defined by the Law on the Executive Administration Procedure in Companies of Systemic Importance for the Republic of Croatia. Due to the controversy that exists on the doctrinal plan related to the implementation as well as the application of the aforementioned regulations, a lot of questions have been opened, and there is no clear answer. However, it seems useful to try to detect some problems of positive regulation and offer possible solutions to the protection of creditors and debtors during the following systemic crises. For comparison and possible suggestions de lege ferenda for the Serbian legislator, these experiences are potentially important because a reform of the regulations (and even insolvency regulation) is underway, primarily by the process of harmonization of Serbian regulations with EU regulations. The complexity of the subject of research and the set tasks were conditioned by the choice of methods, so the methodology used in the research included the study of domestic and foreign literature, relevant legislation, as well as the analysis of domestic and foreign court practices. We certainly consider it important to point out that the space that we have here does not allow us for a detailed breakdown of this issue, so we are forced to limit ourselves, in the author's opinion, to some aspects of the new bankruptcy regulations.
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Murray, Mária, and Alexandra Mertinková. "Štátne dotácie pre mimovládne neziskové organizácie na Slovensku." In XXIV. mezinárodního kolokvia o regionálních vědách. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9896-2021-78.
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The task of mapping the existing procedures and methodologies of subsidies provided from the state budget in terms of efficiency, transparency and effectiveness and proposing their evaluation, the Office of the Plenipotentiary of the Government of the Slovak Republic for Civil Society Development resulted from the Strategy of Civil Society Development in Slovakia Action Plan 2019-2020. The analysis is based on research solved for the needs of practice and focuses on ministries, central state administration bodies and funds of the Slovak Republic, which is a total of 21 institutions that provide subsidies for non-governmental organizations as carriers of innovative solutions to regional disparities. The aim of this paper is to review all subsidy schemes of the ministries and evaluate them in terms of efficiency, transparency and effectiveness, ie. to map existing procedures and methodologies for providers of public resources in the form of subsidies provided from the state budget, which determine how goals / measurable indicators proving the meaning of provided public resources are to be set and at the same time enable them to be evaluated. Based on the mapped and evaluated state, we propose additional procedures and methodologies that will allow a comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness, transparency and efficiency of spent funds of individual subsidy programs provided from the state budget and which can also be used to provide subsidies at regional and local level.
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Paiva, Isabel, Romão B. Trindade, Mário A. Gonçalves, and António Mateus. "Development of a Specific Methodology to Assess Suitable Sites to Receive a Repository for L/ILW Waste in the Portuguese Territory." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96144.
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Portugal does not have nuclear power plants but records an increasing production of radioactive waste from medical, industrial and research applications of radioactive materials in the form of sealed and unsealed sources; the country totals include also the spent fuel of one nuclear reactor for research purposes. Since radioactive waste management policies and practices in Portugal will have to comply with the Council Directive 2011/70/Euratom and the IAEA Joint Convention, the search for scientific and technological solutions to deal with radioactive wastes produced in the country started some years ago. The research carried out recently under the scope of a national funded project (KADRWaste, PTDC/CTE-GEX/82678/2006) represents a firm step in this commitment. Indeed, the transfer of methodologies tested and validated in this project allowed for improvement to a procedure to assess suitable sites to receive a near-surface repository for “Low and Intermediate Level Waste, Short Live and Long Live” (LILW-SL, LL) wastes in Portugal mainland. Although the main stages of the procedure can be of universal usage, details were designed according to the intrinsic geological, geomorphic and meteorological features of previously selected target-areas. All the requirements exhaustively listed in many reports of the IAEA were fulfilled and, in addition, the application of mineralogical, geochemical and textural criteria is strongly advised. The proposed procedure is based on a 5 key-steps approach preceded by clarification of the boundary conditions to be imposed, which are crucial to the inventory of various compulsory technical requirements. This analysis requires the adoption of stringent criteria, many of them of multi-disciplinary nature, including tests of vulnerability and assessment of uncertainty, besides the environmental impact risk. As a result, priority targets that are not excluded will integrate different classes and, depending on the existing knowledge, it will be possible to select locations suitable for the repository installation, taking into account also the political, social and administrative dimensions behind this decision.
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Schachter, Richard David, Nair Maria Maia de Abreu, Valdir Agustinho de Melo, and Eliane Maria Loiola. "Development of a Computer Program for the Optimization of Deck Accommodation Arrangements of Ships and Craft Applying GRASP and VNS Meta-Heuristics Methods." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-50135.
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This work presents a computer program developed for the definition of Deck Accommodation Arrangements of ships and craft that allocates spaces in an automated process, in order to help the designer with options and initial ideas for its definition or to optimize arrangements propositions. This optimization process is usually done based on experience, using maritime regulations and practices. It is an evolution of previous works [14] which adopted the Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP), that allowed the user to select units to be assigned to demarcated spaces and the program provides optimized options of arrangements, which can be transformed, in turn, into drawings. In this work, a hybrid meta-heuristic has been incorporated to the program, namely the Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedures — GRASP [7], and for the local search of solutions, the Variable Neighborhood Search — VNS [8], to improve the results. The program incorporates the mathematical model, containing menus of types of accommodation/compartments or deck units, for the user’s selection. Visualization and manipulation screens for friendly use were created, that allow the designer to quickly assemble deck arrangements in spaces, with an indirect tri-dimensionality feature. The program processes position and flow matrices, being the later ones determined through calibration (being modifiable) as a function of applicable Regulations of ILO 147 Convention, SOLAS and NORMAM (Brazilian Administration), incorporating as well maritime practice and usual ergonomic criteria for requirements of safety and habitability. The results can be used for General Arrangement drawings and can aid in the calculations of light weight and center of gravity, sail area, etc. A small discussion of recommendations for accommodation arrangements of the related regulations, rules of thumb derived from design practice and ergonomic criteria is provided.
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Kochanek, Sophie, Jinding Xing, Alper Yilmaz, George Edward Gibson, and Pingbo Tang. "Using Computer Vision to Reduce Human Errors of Operating on the Wrong Control Valves in Nuclear Power Plants." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002217.
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Nuclear power plants are complex systems that have many modules for errors to occur. Each year in the United States, an average of approximately 80 accidents happen, of which 50 (or 62%) are related to human errors (Nuclear Energy Agency, 2020). These errors reduce the efficiency of plants and have cost, safety, and environmental consequences. Nuclear operators manipulate control objects, like valves, to complete maintenance procedures involved in power generation by directing water around a plant (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2021). However, there are many identical valves in a small area which can lead to errors handling the wrong valve. In practice, valves are identified using lockout tags that can contain as little as its normal position, or large blocks of information on its use, position, or contents. (Occupational Health and Safety Administration, 2011). This method of differentiating valves is insufficient because tags may be damaged and hard to read, or contain inadequate information to be useful in an emergency. Current efforts to reduce valve operation errors use AI tools to diagnose faults, like valve damage, and suggest best practice procedures. However, no existing solution identifies valves to prevent operational errors due to misidentification. Computer vision techniques that use machine learning, like object detection algorithms, can provide a solution to this problem. This paper explores the integration of computer vision and real-time sensors monitoring water systems to reduce errors operating on the wrong valves. This approach analyzes sensor data and uses object detection algorithms to identify control valves as workers are walking through a power plant to minimize the possibility of mixing them up. The sensor log analysis algorithm identifies critical valves that require action, then the computer vision algorithm, the YOLO version 3 object detection algorithm, highlights them in real-time. While developing the sensor data algorithm, we created a simulation that models valves controlling water flow between tanks. Within a nuclear power plant the simulation represents the long cycle cleanup operation where boiled feedwater cannot contaminate cooled feedwater. It captures random noise and is a virtual environment for testing operators on how they react to system errors like tank overflows or sudden influxes of water. For example, one valve oscillates around its input value to represent the uncertainty from imperfect or leaky valves. Other noise from large influxes of water is created by an oscillation of the inflow with a pulse function. Testing the developed algorithms on data from a mechanical room in Posner Hall at Carnegie Mellon University indicates their potential for reducing real-time operation errors. Specifically, testing results confirmed that control object operation is an issue and that computer vision provides a promising solution to this problem. Although this project is limited to merely recognizing control valves due to the method of object detection, it can have significance in reducing emission leakage, improving efficiency and reliability, and advancing technology for safety. Such limitations necessitate future work using other object detection algorithms to compare results as well as integrating spatial data to differentiate between identical valves.ReferencesNuclear Energy Agency, and International Atomic Energy Agency. “Nuclear Power Plant Operating Experience from the IAEA/NEA International Reporting System for Operating Experience 2015-2017.” Nuclear Power Plant Operating Experience, 2020, doi:10.1787/2bdd0383-en.“1910.147 - The control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout).” (2011). Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, <https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.147> (Nov. 3, 2021). “51-8011 Nuclear Power Reactor Operators.” U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 31 Mar. 2021, www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes518011.htm.
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Carroll, Ernest A., and Dan B. Rathbone. "Using an Unmanned Airborne Data Acquisition System (ADAS) for Traffic Surveillance, Monitoring, and Management." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32916.
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This paper presents the history of and current status of a U.S. DOT and NASA sponsored program designed to demonstrate the feasibility of using a small-unmanned airborne data acquisition system (ADAS) for traffic surveillance, monitoring, and management. ADAS is ideally suited for application in monitoring traffic flow, traffic congestion, and supporting ITS assets. GeoData Systems (GDS), Inc., with principal offices at 10565 Lee Highway, Suite 100, Fairfax, VA 22030 has developed a revolutionary new class of airborne data acquisition systems. In this effort, GDS has teamed with traffic experts DBR & Associates; P.O. Box 12300 Burke, VA. The GDS ADAS has a gross takeoff weight of less than 55 lbs, which includes both the airframe and sensors. It is capable of sustained flight for periods in excess of two hours while carrying a sensor payload of up to 20 lbs. ADAS has nine interchangeable sensor platforms under development to include a hyper-spectral visible-near-IR sensor, a multi-spectral visible near-IR mid-IR sensor, a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensor, and a highly flexible high-resolution real-time video sensor. The GDS high-resolution real-time video sensor is ideally suited for traffic monitoring and other highway monitoring applications. The ADAS platform is capable of flying under a combination of pre-programmed Differential Global Positioning Satellite (DGPS) based navigation and manual direct ground control. The ADAS is being fully tested and is planned for use in several DOD base-monitoring studies this year. It should be noted that the ADAS has several levels of backup systems, which allows for a safe descent to the ground via parachute in a worst-case scenario. The system and any liability resulting from its use are fully insured by a major provider. The use of ADAS in traffic surveillance, monitoring, and management is unique and, as far as can be ascertained, has not been used in an official capacity in this way. Because of its ability to collect traffic data, survey traffic conditions, and collect highway inventory and environmental data in a cost-effective manner, and because every metropolitan area needs to collect at least some traffic data, the potential payoff from applying the ADAS is significant. The estimated potential payoff resulting from the use of the ADAS was calculated by taking into consideration information from a recent study conducted for the Federal Highway Administration by the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center1. Using a reported average amount of funds expended annually for traffic data collection by transportation agencies in metropolitan areas with a population of over 200,000 and taking into consideration the estimated budget for staff involved in data collection, it is calculated that transportation agencies in an average metropolitan area spend approximately $5 million per year in traffic data collection. The ADAS can play a cost-saving role in about half of all data collection procedures and can reduce the total cost by 20 percent. Nationally, this could produce an annual savings of $75 million. An additional area where the ADAS can play a useful role is in incident management. It is well documented that more than half of the traffic congestion in the U.S. is caused by incidents, and the problem is getting worse: The percentage of congestion due to incidents is estimated to increase to 70 percent by the year 20053. The Federal Highway Administration further estimates that incident-related traffic congestion will cost the U.S. more than $75 billion in the year 2005, mainly due to lost time and wasted fuel. Comprehensive, accurate surveillance of major incidents will result in a more effective overall response. It can facilitate the process of completing police documentation of incidents, which further reduce their duration. A recent study4 showed that a 23-minute reduction in average incident duration in the Atlanta area saved $45 million in one year. The ADAS is able to provide real time overhead video feeds of an incident and the surrounding traffic situation. In addition, the ADAS can record the incident on video, capturing especially those incidents that are not within the visibility range of any CCTV system, therefore reducing the recording burden of police officers. The valuable role that airborne real-time video can play has been recognized by transportation agencies: The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) has commented enthusiastically on this approach: “…VDOT definitely supports the use of an Unmanned Airborne Sensor for traffic management during a highway incident.” In addition, the Director of the Center for Advanced Transportation Technology of the University of Maryland also has responded positively, writing that, “A project which evaluates the effectiveness of an unmanned airborne data acquisition system in monitoring traffic flow seems to be a step in the right direction toward identifying appropriate and cost-effective remote sensing applications.” Further, in a recent study conducted by the Virginia Transportation Research Council in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration, researchers concluded that: “the air video reduces the time and personnel needed to acquire data from the field. Further, aerial video may facilitate an objective evaluation of a jurisdiction’s incident response procedures. Finally, aerial video may allow a transportation agency to adopt a proactive approach to traffic management by identifying and evaluating potential problems before they occur. Specifically, problems include the use of residential neighborhoods to bypass congested arterials and heavily used facilities needing snow removal.” Our project is demonstrating how the ADAS can be used in traffic surveillance monitoring and management. The study team is using input from transportation agencies at the state and local level to fine-tune the design of the ADAS application and the analysis and evaluation of the results. Areas where the ADAS can be applied effectively and efficiently are being identified. When completed, the end product of this effort will be a document that will indicate when it is cost-effective to use ADAS relative to other possible methods of data collection and analysis.
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Quintana, Marie A., and John Hammond. "X100 Welding Technology: Past, Present and Future." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31421.
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A significant amount of research has been conducted within the last decade on the development of X100 line pipe and associated welding technology; including, several field demonstration projects of limited size and scope. Although considerable advances in steelmaking and pipeline construction have occurred, innovations in welding process technology generally lag pipeline industry needs. Clearly, the number of historically viable welding options declines as pipe strength increases. Weld strength becomes more sensitive to cooling rate variation, cold cracking sensitivity increases, and overall weldability tends to decline. Also, achieving the balance between weld strength, toughness, and ductility necessary for pipeline performance requires more highly controlled welding practice, procedures, precision in weld bevel design, and pass sequence. Successful fabrication and field pipelay welding requires greater control of essential welding variables in order to satisfy increasingly stringent weld property requirements. Accordingly, there are few proven welding process options for X100 and detailed knowledge resides within a small number of oil/gas and contractor companies. Recognizing that industry wide implementation of X100 requires the range of manual, semi-automatic and automatic (mechanized) welding processes needed for double jointing, mainline, tie-in and repair, US Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (DOT-PHMSA) and Pipeline Research Council International (PRCI) have co-funded a consolidated program to begin addressing the issues (Project PR-354-074506). This paper summarizes the program findings that address the current state of the art regarding welding technology applied to X100 pipeline construction. The main issues addressed are: • synopsis of experience, • current status and pending developments in welding processes and consumables, • assessment of first and second level contractor capability, and • key knowledge and experience gaps.
Reports on the topic "Police Administration, Procedures and Practice"
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Friedler, Haley S., Michelle B. Leavy, Eric Bickelman, Barbara Casanova, Diana Clarke, Danielle Cooke, Andy DeMayo, et al. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Data Use and Governance Toolkit. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcwhitepaperdepressiontoolkit.
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Executive Summary Patient registries are important tools for advancing research, improving healthcare quality, and supporting health policy. Registries contain vast amounts of data that could be used for new purposes when linked with other sources or shared with researchers. This toolkit was developed to summarize current best practices and provide information to assist registries interested in sharing data. The contents of this toolkit were developed based on review of the literature, existing registry practices, interviews with registries, and input from key stakeholders involved in the sharing of registry data. While some information in this toolkit may be relevant in other countries, this toolkit focuses on best practices for sharing data within the United States. Considerations related to data sharing differ across registries depending on the type of registry, registry purpose, funding source(s), and other factors; as such, this toolkit describes general best practices and considerations rather than providing specific recommendations. Finally, data sharing raises complex legal, regulatory, operational, and technical questions, and none of the information contained herein should be substituted for legal advice. The toolkit is organized into three sections: “Preparing to Share Data,” “Governance,” and “Procedures for Reviewing and Responding to Data Requests.” The section on “Preparing to Share Data” discusses the role of appropriate legal rights to further share the data and the need to follow all applicable ethical regulations. Registries should also prepare for data sharing activities by ensuring data are maintained appropriately and developing policies and procedures for governance and data sharing. The “Governance” section describes the role of governance in data sharing and outlines key governance tasks, including defining and staffing relevant oversight bodies; developing a data request process; reviewing data requests; and overseeing access to data by the requesting party. Governance structures vary based on the scope of data shared and registry resources. Lastly, the section on “Procedures for Reviewing and Responding to Data Requests” discusses the operational steps involved in sharing data. Policies and procedures for sharing data may depend on what types of data are available for sharing and with whom the data can be shared. Many registries develop a data request form for external researchers interested in using registry data. When reviewing requests, registries may consider whether the request aligns with the registry’s mission/purpose, the feasibility and merit of the proposed research, the qualifications of the requestor, and the necessary ethical and regulatory approvals, as well as administrative factors such as costs and timelines. Registries may require researchers to sign a data use agreement or other such contract to clearly define the terms and conditions of data use before providing access to the data in a secure manner. The toolkit concludes with a list of resources and appendices with supporting materials that registries may find helpful.
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Friedler, Haley S., Michelle B. Leavy, Eric Bickelman, Barbara Casanova, Diana Clarke, Danielle Cooke, Andy DeMayo, et al. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Data Use and Governance Toolkit. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcwhitepaperdepressiontoolkit.
Full textAbstract:
Executive Summary Patient registries are important tools for advancing research, improving healthcare quality, and supporting health policy. Registries contain vast amounts of data that could be used for new purposes when linked with other sources or shared with researchers. This toolkit was developed to summarize current best practices and provide information to assist registries interested in sharing data. The contents of this toolkit were developed based on review of the literature, existing registry practices, interviews with registries, and input from key stakeholders involved in the sharing of registry data. While some information in this toolkit may be relevant in other countries, this toolkit focuses on best practices for sharing data within the United States. Considerations related to data sharing differ across registries depending on the type of registry, registry purpose, funding source(s), and other factors; as such, this toolkit describes general best practices and considerations rather than providing specific recommendations. Finally, data sharing raises complex legal, regulatory, operational, and technical questions, and none of the information contained herein should be substituted for legal advice. The toolkit is organized into three sections: “Preparing to Share Data,” “Governance,” and “Procedures for Reviewing and Responding to Data Requests.” The section on “Preparing to Share Data” discusses the role of appropriate legal rights to further share the data and the need to follow all applicable ethical regulations. Registries should also prepare for data sharing activities by ensuring data are maintained appropriately and developing policies and procedures for governance and data sharing. The “Governance” section describes the role of governance in data sharing and outlines key governance tasks, including defining and staffing relevant oversight bodies; developing a data request process; reviewing data requests; and overseeing access to data by the requesting party. Governance structures vary based on the scope of data shared and registry resources. Lastly, the section on “Procedures for Reviewing and Responding to Data Requests” discusses the operational steps involved in sharing data. Policies and procedures for sharing data may depend on what types of data are available for sharing and with whom the data can be shared. Many registries develop a data request form for external researchers interested in using registry data. When reviewing requests, registries may consider whether the request aligns with the registry’s mission/purpose, the feasibility and merit of the proposed research, the qualifications of the requestor, and the necessary ethical and regulatory approvals, as well as administrative factors such as costs and timelines. Registries may require researchers to sign a data use agreement or other such contract to clearly define the terms and conditions of data use before providing access to the data in a secure manner. The toolkit concludes with a list of resources and appendices with supporting materials that registries may find helpful.
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Lumpkin, Shamsie, Isaac Parrish, Austin Terrell, and Dwayne Accardo. Pain Control: Opioid vs. Nonopioid Analgesia During the Immediate Postoperative Period. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0008.
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Background Opioid analgesia has become the mainstay for acute pain management in the postoperative setting. However, the use of opioid medications comes with significant risks and side effects. Due to increasing numbers of prescriptions to those with chronic pain, opioid medications have become more expensive while becoming less effective due to the buildup of patient tolerance. The idea of opioid-free analgesic techniques has rarely been breached in many hospitals. Emerging research has shown that opioid-sparing approaches have resulted in lower reported pain scores across the board, as well as significant cost reductions to hospitals and insurance agencies. In addition to providing adequate pain relief, the predicted cost burden of an opioid-free or opioid-sparing approach is significantly less than traditional methods. Methods The following groups were considered in our inclusion criteria: those who speak the English language, all races and ethnicities, male or female, home medications, those who are at least 18 years of age and able to provide written informed consent, those undergoing inpatient or same-day surgical procedures. In addition, our scoping review includes the following exclusion criteria: those who are non-English speaking, those who are less than 18 years of age, those who are not undergoing surgical procedures while admitted, those who are unable to provide numeric pain score due to clinical status, those who are unable to provide written informed consent, and those who decline participation in the study. Data was extracted by one reviewer and verified by the remaining two group members. Extraction was divided as equally as possible among the 11 listed references. Discrepancies in data extraction were discussed between the article reviewer, project editor, and group leader. Results We identified nine primary sources addressing the use of ketamine as an alternative to opioid analgesia and post-operative pain control. Our findings indicate a positive correlation between perioperative ketamine administration and postoperative pain control. While this information provides insight on opioid-free analgesia, it also revealed the limited amount of research conducted in this area of practice. The strategies for several of the clinical trials limited ketamine administration to a small niche of patients. The included studies provided evidence for lower pain scores, reductions in opioid consumption, and better patient outcomes. Implications for Nursing Practice Based on the results of the studies’ randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, the effects of ketamine are shown as an adequate analgesic alternative to opioids postoperatively. The cited resources showed that ketamine can be used as a sole agent, or combined effectively with reduced doses of opioids for multimodal therapy. There were noted limitations in some of the research articles. Not all of the cited studies were able to include definitive evidence of proper blinding techniques or randomization methods. Small sample sizes and the inclusion of specific patient populations identified within several of the studies can skew data in one direction or another; therefore, significant clinical results cannot be generalized to patient populations across the board.
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Harris, Gregory, Brooke Hatchell, Davelin Woodard, and Dwayne Accardo. Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine for Reduction of Postoperative Delirium in the Elderly: A Scoping Review. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0010.
Full textAbstract:
Background/Purpose: Post-operative delirium leads to significant morbidity in elderly patients, yet there is no regimen to prevent POD. Opioid use in the elderly surgical population is of the most significant risk factors for developing POD. The purpose of this scoping review is to recognize that Dexmedetomidine mitigates cognitive dysfunction secondary to acute pain and the use of narcotic analgesia by decreasing the amount of norepinephrine (an excitatory neurotransmitter) released during times of stress. This mechanism of action also provides analgesia through decreased perception and modulation of pain. Methods: The authors developed eligibility criteria for inclusion of articles and performed a systematic search of several databases. Each of the authors initially selected five articles for inclusion in the scoping review. We created annotated literature tables for easy screening by co-authors. After reviewing the annotated literature table four articles were excluded, leaving 11 articles for inclusion in the scoping review. There were six level I meta-analysis/systematic reviews, four level II randomized clinical trials, and one level IV qualitative research article. Next, we created a data-charting form on Microsoft Word for extraction of data items and synthesis of results. Results: Two of the studies found no significant difference in POD between dexmedetomidine groups and control groups. The nine remaining studies noted decreases in the rate, duration, and risk of POD in the groups receiving dexmedetomidine either intraoperatively or postoperatively. Multiple studies found secondary benefits in addition to decreased POD, such as a reduction of tachycardia, hypertension, stroke, hypoxemia, and narcotic use. One study, however, found that the incidence of hypotension and bradycardia were increased among the elderly population. Implications for Nursing Practice: Surgery is a tremendous stressor in any age group, but especially the elderly population. It has been shown postoperative delirium occurs in 17-61% of major surgery procedures with 30-40% of the cases assumed to be preventable. Opioid administration in the elderly surgical population is one of the most significant risk factors for developing POD. With anesthesia practice already leaning towards opioid-free and opioid-limited anesthetic, the incorporation of dexmedetomidine could prove to be a valuable resource in both reducing opioid use and POD in the elderly surgical population. Although more research is needed, the current evidence is promising.