Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Polarization (Social sciences) – United States'
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Norton, Mike. "Papers on the polarization of Congress." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5ce87b5b-2d2f-403e-b2d4-85f23b2a14cc.
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This dissertation, a collection of independent papers, explores the polarization of the United States Congress through the lens of primary elections, campaign finance, and party structures during a pivotal moment in American political history. Paper 1 focuses on the top two primary format and its potential in producing moderate candidates and legislators, while Paper 2 expounds on the deleterious consequences it poses for the party system as a whole, particularly in this modern era of both high polarization and high fragmentation. Paper 3 examines the Downsian median voter theorem from the perspective of primary election voters, asking if general election wins/losses beget the nomination of more ideological/moderate nominees next cycle. Ultimately, the article illustrates that the parties instead retain consistent records through both election wins and losses, linked to credibility concerns from position changes as well as the inability of members to disentangle from national party identities. Its companion paper, Paper 4, takes that Downsian question to elites in Washington, D.C. Through original interviews with twenty-three individuals including former members of Congress, leadership, congressional staff, and think tank scholars, I describe the electoral and legislative pressures that prevent officeholders from responding to their median voter, especially among those in swing districts most exposed to the risks of partisan behavior. Paper 5, the final paper, brings together the themes of those preceding it by analyzing the ways in which outside interference, specifically political action committees and more inclusive primary elections, propagates legislative caucus fragmentation and weakens official leadership. This work plays one minor role in providing prescriptive steps to improve and empower channels of dialogue in the U.S. legislative brancha - in spite of larger systemic sorting along geographical and partisan lines - and ensure the mediation of ideology between voters and their elected representatives results in policy solutions rather than gridlock.
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Fadji, Sama Serena Dean. "What is the True Cost of Mass Polarization? : A Study of the Relationship Between Political Polarization and Trust in Political Institutions in the United States." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79954.
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Democracy is defined by the element of competition. Elite party competition has become one of the most discussed contemporary developments in the United States. Elected representatives from the main parties have become internally homogeneous, deepening the divide of ideologies between one another. This thesis seeks to establish the relationship between mass partisan polarization and the level of trust in political institutions across the United States. What happens when the public trusts the Elites more than Congress? Elite polarization has divided the masses so deeply in the U.S by electing representatives from the two major parties whom carry ideologies so distinct from another that the public begin change their ways of forming opinions. This thesis acknowledges that there is high elite and mass political polarization in the U.S., which is attributed to the heterogeneity in ideologies across the three main political parties (Democrats, Republicans and Independents) and intra-party homogeneity. The elite partisan theoretical framework expounds the relationship such that the public tends to hold a low level of trust towards the U.S. congress because majority of voters’ partisan motivated decision making is influenced by political endorsements. The implication is that the public is more likely to hold a considerable level of trust towards their political parties as opposed to the U.S. congress.
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Woodard, Niki L. "Red state, blue state, red news, blue news." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1961/3639.
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Straubel, Michael S. "United States' regulation of commercial space activity." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55691.
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Koo, Gerald M. F. "Foreign equity participation in United States airlines." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55702.
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Edehult, Cecilia, and Jahangir Riaz. "The startup landscape: Sweden and the United States." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-29288.
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Bosco, Joseph A. "Liability for outer space activities : a United States' perspective." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65375.
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Williams, Joe B. "Domestic Terrorism in the United States." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5148.
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Lone wolf terrorism has received considerable media attention, yet this phenomenon has not been sufficiently examined in an academic study. National security officials must distinguish between terrorist activities carried out by lone wolves and those carried out by terrorist networks for effective intervention and potential prevention. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the phenomenon of the leaderless lone wolf terrorist and the underlying mechanisms and processes that lead individuals to be drawn to or away from an existing radical movement. The theoretical framework for this study was leaderless resistance theory. Secondary data from interviews, field notes, and surveys from the RAND-MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base and the Global Terrorism Database were analyzed using open and selective coding. Findings revealed 3 individual-level underlying mechanisms and processes (personal and political grievance, risk and status seeking, unfreezing) that lead individuals to be drawn to or away from an existing radical movement and to act unilaterally without direction toward violent ends. Findings also indicated that no single typology fits all perpetrators. The findings benefit national security officials and intelligence agencies by identifying lone wolf individuals, weighing the actual threat versus the perception, developing better counterterrorism strategies for the lone wolf phenomenon, and enhancing relations with outside agencies. Results may improve understanding of lone wolf terrorism and may be used to develop new policies to predict and track future threats.
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Burdge-Small, Paulina. "Personality Conflict vs. Partisan Conflict in the United States Congress, from 1851-2004." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1207.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
Political Science
10
Habeeb-Silva, Rebecca Joie. "Resettlement Challenges for Refugees in the United States." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/285.
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This study explored the resettlement-related challenges that refugees encounter in the United States (U.S.). It utilized a qualitative research design with semi-structured interviews with three refugee families from different countries of origin: Afghanistan, Burma, and Iraq. The interviews were analyzed through a system of coding and categorization in order to develop themes of commonly reported challenges across participants. Six dominant themes of resettlement‑related challenges were identified: employment, financial insecurities, bureaucracy, English language competency, family separation, and unfulfilled expectations and hope. The participants also reported that these challenges had negative effects on their mental health and described feeling worried and depressed. The data was conceptualized utilizing Berry’s (2008) acculturation framework, and it was found that the families utilized the acculturation strategy of integration. Recommendations are provided for volunteer programs in which Americans assist newly resettled refugee families as well as for policies that are more adaptive to refugees’ needs and that uphold the values of diversity and create a welcoming environment for refugees.
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Ng, Isabel Wing-chun. "A cross cultural study of power and power motivation in China and the United States." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3253369.
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Worthington, Andrew Luke. "Student perceptions of patriotism in England and the United States of America." Thesis, The University of Oklahoma, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3567893.
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The perceptions held by high school students concerning patriotism is an indicator of whether education is influencing students to become active citizens in a democratic nation. The United States and England share a common history and philosophical values that have influenced their current democratic forms of government. Understanding the perceptions that high school students in both nations have, alongside a comprehension of the role of education in developing such perceptions, offers an insight into the student’s understanding of their role as a citizen in a democratic nation.
This mixed method study looked at the perceptions of patriotism held by 120 students in England and 120 students in the United States of America. The first part of the study consisted of the administration of a 20-item Likert scale survey. The second part included follow-up interviews of 6 students at each school site. Exploratory factor analysis was administered in order to establish the dominant factors in the students’ understanding of patriotism. The interviews were transcribed and then examined using narrative analysis in order to further investigate how students’ perceived patriotism, and to discover emergent themes.
Exploratory factor analysis of the samples produced dominant factors that were termed constructive patriotism, importance of emotional attachment, and blind patriotism. Analysis suggested that students in both nations understood the terms used in the discussion of patriotism in a similar manner. Analysis also suggested that students were more likely to adopt a constructive patriotism over a blind patriotism. These results suggest that students understanding of patriotism in both nations are more likely to align with the democratic values.
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McCleery, Jennifer Ann. "Effects of explicit instruction and concept focus on student declarative content knowledge and problem solving skills /." view abstract or download file of text, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9987238.
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Thesis (D. Ed.)--University of Oregon, 2000.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-137). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Clermont-Legros, Jean-Francis. "The quest for a social ethics : an intellectual history of U.S. social sciences : the case of Herbert Hoover, Wesley C. Mitchell, Charles E. Merriam and Mary van Kleeck." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100339.
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Between 1900 and 1930, social scientists attempted to refashion social ethics by conducting extensive social research. Some of them collaborated with Herbert Hoover before and after he became president. In the 1920s, they accepted positions on Herbert Hoover's various commissions. The work they did on these commissions made them a forum for manifesting their interest in modernizing social ethics. At one and the same time, they were in a position to define both social ethics and the purpose of the social sciences. Throughout this dissertation, I explore the cases of three social scientists involved with Hoover's commissions: the economist Wesley Clair Mitchell, the political scientist Charles Edward Merriam, and the industrial researcher and social worker Mary van Kleeck. Wesley Clair Mitchell addressed issues of American consumption and economic behaviour. Charles Edward Merriam analyzed the political behaviour of American citizens. Mary van Kleeck surveyed labour relations between American workers and employers. In this dissertation, I have employed methods developed by intellectual historians, focussing on the published and unpublished papers that these social experts and Herbert Hoover himself produced. This collaboration between Hoover and some of the most prominent social scientists of the day explains the ambitious project they undertook, that of adjusting social ethics to the modern living conditions they had discovered while carrying out their social research. In so doing, they sought to adapt the traditional code of conduct of most Americans to the new circumstances that prevailed in the first decades of the twentieth century.
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Akinropo, Akinniyi Ademola. "Perception of Nigerian Immigrants of Police and Policing in the United States." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5048.
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Nigerian immigrants in the United States exhibit complex and different perceptions of police in the criminal justice system than those of African Americans who are born in the United States. In order for Nigerian immigrants to contribute to improved police-community relations, their views and experiences with local police should be evaluated and applied to police agency decision-making. The purpose of this narrative study was to explore Nigerian immigrants' perceptions of police and policing in the United States (U.S.). Social cognitive theory was utilized as a lens of analysis to understand how prior experiences can influence future behavior and expectations. Structured interviews from a purposive sample of 14 Nigerian immigrants living in San Antonio, TX, were coded and subjectively analyzed with Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) miner software. A narrative inquiry was used so that participants could provide reasoning from their own perspectives and experiences to answer the research and interview questions. According to the study findings, despite overwhelming negative opinions about police in the United States, Nigerian immigrants hold more positive opinions about police in the United States than the police force in their home country. While nearly all participants complained about the abuse of authority by police, police in the United States are not perceived as corrupt. These findings can be used to enhance relationships between Nigerian immigrant communities and the police in areas where there are high concentrations of this particular group, especially in the practice of community policing and resolving negative perceptions based on cultural imprints that hinder effective policing.
16
Layne, Mary Kristen. "Environmental communication and behaviour change in the Bible Belt of the United States." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30735/.
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The Christian church in the southeast United States is a dominant institution that, if mobilised, has the potential to be a powerful force for environmental engagement and the promotion of pro-environmental behaviour. In an effort to advance understanding of the barriers to such engagement and behaviour change in the region, this thesis considers, in the context of religious Bible Belt communities, 1) the relative influence of different forms of social power on grassroots pro-environmental behaviour change, 2) the alignment of environmental and prosocial engagement, and 3) the characteristics of effective programmes for stimulating grassroots pro-environmental behaviour change. It approaches these areas of research from three different angles: an interdisciplinary review of the literature on behaviour change models, social power, framing and environmental communication more broadly; a Multi-Grounded Theory analysis of 20 semi-structured interviews with leaders in environmental and Christian organisations in the southern US; and a statistical analysis of a web-based survey of self-identified Christians across the politically and religiously conservative region (N = 400, across eleven states) regarding participants’ attitudes towards, participation in and beliefs about environmental and prosocial issues. Key findings include the identification of the ‘champion’ and ‘bridge’ models of action in religious organisations, as well as evidence for distinct (and opposing) influences of religious beliefs (orthodoxy) and religious practices (religiosity) on the gap between prosocial and environmental engagement. The thesis also introduces a new researcher reflexivity methodology for use in qualitative research. Based on the findings, the thesis argues that reducing the liberal stigma of environmentalism is paramount in mobilising Christians for climate change action. To this end, a sustained focus on encouraging specific pro-environmental behaviours framed in terms of altruistic concerns should be undertaken to encourage pro-environmental actions in southern Christian populations.
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Wandera, Apollo. "Investigating Dropout From Mental Health Care Among Somali Immigrants in the United States." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5808.
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African immigrants and refugees drop out of mental health care at a higher rate than other populations in the United States. However, there is a significant lack of research on mental health treatment or reasons for dropping out of mental health treatment among African immigrants and refugees. The purpose of this study was to investigate the lived experiences with mental health treatment of Somali immigrants and refugees living in the United States. Eight Somali immigrants and refugees living in a midwestern state, were interviewed, and their accounts with the mental health system in the United States were recorded. A phenomenological method was used to develop and then to analyze data from the interview questions and generate common themes across participants. The findings revealed that respondents perceived mental health challenges in a negative way. Many respondents thought that such mental health diseases were caused by being cursed or demon possessed, and that these challenges were compounded by culture shock and language barriers for the Somali immigrants and refugees, and they perceived a lack of cultural sensitivity and awareness among mental health providers. Participants also perceived the mental health care system and providers in a negative way, because they believed providers lacked the cultural knowledge to support them. Similar studies reviewed in literature showed a strong interplay of both cultural and religious factors driving the high dropout rate from mental health treatment among immigrants and refugees. Information from this study could help mental health systems and individual practitioners to better understand the barriers and cultural values that can interfere with successful mental health treatment for Somali immigrants and refugees, and aid in expanding the discussion about mental health treatment for African immigrants and refugees.
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Larnefeldt, Anna. "The United States and the International Criminal Court : An Identity Approach." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2505.
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The aim of this thesis is to understand the reasons behind the decision of the United States to stand in opposition to the International Criminal Court. This policy seems to contradict the United States'leading role in international justice and commitment to universal human rights. The opposition to the ICC presents an apparent contradiction between principles and interests, and provokes the question of what role power, identity and principles play in the formation of national interest.
The author reviews the concept of national interest in International Relations theory. It is found that only a constructivist identity approach takes account of both power and identity in the formation of national interest. The constructivist identity approach presents the concept of national interest as endogenous to social interaction and linked to identity. National interest is thus not seen as an objective analytical concept from which one can derive and explain rational behavior by rational actors, but as the very phenomenon that we are trying to understand. This theoretical framework is firmly located in an understanding tradition.
In the search for an understanding of why the United States’ decision-makers considered opposition to the ICC to be in the national interest of the United States, role theory serves as a method. The empirical part of this thesis consists of analysis of speeches and statements, and of role conceptions found therein.
The results of this approach show that the apparent contradiction between principles and interests does not exist. The reason why the behavior examined appears to be contradictory is that the spectator lets his or her own expectations of behavior appropriate for a certain belief or a certain role conception stand as a guide. The only way we can understand the reasons behind a given behavior is by looking at the actors’ view of the problem and what beliefs and role conceptions come into play for the actors when they face a foreign policy issue.
The analysis makes it clear that the United States views its behavior as contradictory neither to its principles, nor to its perceived roles. Instead, it is the roles of the United States, the sources of which include both principles and capabilities, that are the reasons behind the policy.
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Doran, Selina Evelyn Margaret. "News media constructions and policy implications of school shootings in the United States." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5298/.
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This thesis focuses on ‘school shootings’ in the United States. Examined here are the news media constructions and public reactions to such incidents, as they pertain to scholarly conceptualisations of fear, moral panics and vulnerability; as well policy responses relating to emergency management in educational institutions and gun-related legislative proposals and actions. Current literature in the field defines ‘school shootings’ as a particular type of ‘spree’ or ‘mass’ killing, involving the murder or attempted murder of students and staff at an education institution. This phenomenon is most prolific in the United States. Two case studies were selected from a list of possible incidents based on their high profile news media coverage, policy impact and infamous natures. The examples used are the school shootings at Columbine High School, Colorado (1999) and Virginia Polytechnic University, Virginia (2007); although the developments provoked by the 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School, Connecticut shooting are noted throughout. The objectives of the research are: exploring the effect of my two case studies on reshaping or entrenching current moral panic and fear debates; whether the two shootings have transformed emergency management and communication practices; the role that fear plays in the concealed carry on campus movement which arose after the Virginia Tech incident; surmising about which gun-related legislative actions are possible in future. Employed here is a theoretical framework pertaining to moral panics, fear of crime risk management, and framing of news media and policy. My methodological approach was qualitative in nature. A total of 14 interviews were conducted with experts in gun violence prevention, and emergency management and communication. Ethnographic research was carried out in the form of participant observations at a school safety symposium and a gun reform activism event. Content and critical discourse analyses were employed to assess 728 news media articles, 286 letters to the editor, comments from 32 YouTube videos, 14 policy documents and 10 public opinion polls. My original contribution to knowledge is the examination of policies that have not received much scholarly attention to date: emergency management plans, training, operation and communications to deal with the possibility of a school shooting incident occurring; the ‘concealed carry on campus’ movement, where students lobby to carry firearms in higher education institutions as a way to negate potential threats. Relatively uncharted territory in fear of crime research was embarked upon with an examination of YouTube comments relating to: concerns about attending school; insecurities about the ability of law enforcement to offer protection in a school shooting scenario. To offer a predictive angle to the research, the current public sentiments, framing strategies being utilised by interest groups, and Supreme Court rulings shaping the future of gun reform were debated. Further avenues for school shooting research are provided.
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Saba, John. "The tort liability of the United States government for negligent inspection and certification of aircraft /." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72796.
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Daldin, Jacqueline. "Representations of Teen Pregnancy and Motherhood in the United States." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21952.
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The teen pregnancy rate in the United States has been rapidly and steadily declining across all ethnic groups and races over the past two decades and is now at an all-time low. Most academic studies attribute this decline to increased and consistent use of contraception. Despite this good news, instead of or in addition to focusing on evidence-based advocacy in their prevention efforts, many social institutions, including public health entities and private sector organizations, continue to use representations of teen pregnancy and motherhood that stigmatize young mothers – or construct narratives of failure – as part of their communication interventions. The advent of social media, however, has given young mothers the means to challenge these mainstream representations and create positive social identities – or construct narratives of success. My research focuses on how images used in prevention campaigns construct or resist representations of teen pregnancy. My methodological framework consists of a combination of textual analysis and qualitative interviews with the image-producers. Theories related to language as an important tool for constructing and resisting representations, communication for social change as a rights-based framework and social media as a site to build identity and interject voice in public discourse are also explored and should be of interest to communication for development practitioners.
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Yang, Victor. "Unleashing power : pathways to inclusion and representation in U.S. AIDS activist organisations : a comparative case study of political representation in the AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5b51086e-cd00-4d92-b39a-2865219ea5a1.
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The thesis proposes a theory for the development of substantive representation among social movement organisations (SMOs). Substantive representation (SR) is the extent to which political institutions advance the policy interests of their constituents, in particular the most disenfranchised. Despite their noble proclamations, institutions of representative democracy often fail to advance the interests of groups who have been ignored and absent at the proverbial table. The thesis establishes a causal process to explain the divergence in SR outcomes among informal SMOs, or all-volunteer groups that disavow formal hierarchy in favour of egalitarian modes of decision-making. It utilises a case study of the AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP), an umbrella organisation dedicated to ending the HIV/AIDS crisis in the United States and worldwide. It explains an anomalous story of SR attainment through the ACT UP Philadelphia chapter, compared to sister groups in New York City and Boston. The analysis draws from 92 semi-structured interviews, 13 months of participant observation, periodical review, and archival databases. ACT UP Philadelphia translated common SMO intentions of inclusivity into the uncommon rituals of practice. It forged a deliberate pipeline to invest not only in the presence but also the power of disenfranchised people with HIV, people too dark and poor to interest counterpart groups in other cities. Through an analytic retelling of ACT UP's history, the thesis argues that the fulfilment of SR depends on the ability of SMOs to appeal to member self-interest. Critically, SMOs can offer material incentives and nurture feelings of debt and obligation: causal steps to recruitment and sustainability of a heterogeneous membership. In building a crucial if contentious core of dissimilar people and partnerships, SMOs can unleash an oft-unrealised power for collective action and SR, by and for disenfranchised peoples who had thought change to be impossible.
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Chrystal, Philip 1956. "Towards a United States-Australian International Air Services Agreement, 1935-1942 : prelude to the 1946 bilateral." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64478.
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Jagger, Jessica. "Disaster Management Policy and People with Disabilities in the United States and Jamaica." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2428.
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Natural and human-influenced disasters impact every demographic group around the world. People with disabilities face unique barriers to disaster preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery related to functional needs and societal barriers. This study examines the relationship between emergency management planners and disability communities, by exploring the intent of emergency management policy, implementation of the policy, and the experiences of people with disabilities in Jamaica and Virginia. In this study, 36 people with disabilities were interviewed about their experiences with disaster, and 18 planners were interviewed about the intent and implementation of disaster management plans. Participants were from different communities across Jamaica and Virginia, and included people with various disabilities as well as individuals in various planning roles from government employees to agency representatives involved in municipal, regional, and national level planning. In addition, the researcher analyzed the National Disaster Action Plan of Jamaica and the Comprehensive Preparedness Guide 101 of the United States. Findings indicate that in Jamaica and Virginia, strengths exist, including some instances of collaborative planning, a focus on subsidiarity to answer needs as close to home as possible, and an emphasis on flexibility. Challenges were also identified, instances when planning and response did not meet the needs experienced by persons with disabilities, and in which vulnerabilities were exposed. These challenges interfered with participants’ equal access to services afforded by the Americans with Disabilities Act in the United States and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Jamaica. Implications of these strengths and challenges for social work practice, education, and research are discussed in the context of this study, in the context of the principle of social and economic justice.
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Kankipati, Varudhini. "ACCULTURATION OF ASIAN INDIAN WOMEN IN THE UNITED STATES." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/hes_etds/4.
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The United States is home to nearly three million Asian Indians. The difference in Asian Indian and American cultures creates a need for Asian Indians to acculturate, upon migration to the U.S. It has been theorized that acculturation becomes harder when the two cultures of contact are dissimilar. Particularly, immigrant women and children have been found to be more vulnerable than men to acculturative stress, where acculturative stress is defined as the psychological impact of adaptation to a new culture. Hence, this study focuses on acculturation of Asian Indian women and specifically on factors influencing their acculturation.
Research findings from this study on acculturation of Asian Indian women provide information, useful for public policy makers. They have been utilized to develop a program (used by settlement service providers) designed specifically to facilitate acculturation of Asian Indian women in the U.S.
A two-dimensional model developed by J.W. Berry, a prominent researcher in the field of acculturation, is employed to classify the acculturation process of Asian Indian women who were part of this study. Based on Berry’s model, the acculturation process of an immigrant can be described by one of the following four strategies: 1) Assimilation, 2) Integration, 3) Separation, or 4) Marginalization. According to Berry, the Integration strategy is considered the most effective acculturation strategy in terms of long-term health and wellbeing of the individual.
This study employed a cross-sectional design, using quantitative methods for data analysis. Data were collected by means of a web-based acculturation survey that was developed as part of the study.
Data analysis indicated that a majority of the Asian Indian women adopted the Integration strategy. A conceptual model was developed and multivariate analyses were conducted to examine the key acculturation factors that influenced Asian Indian women using the Integration strategy. These identified key factors helped to understand the cultural adaptation of Asian Indian women.
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Tigrak, Fatih. "Conflict And Cooperation: Syria-united States Relations Through 1970-2011." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615132/index.pdf.
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This thesis analyzes the dynamics of bilateral relationship between the United States of America and Syrian Arab Republic from Hafez Asad&rsquos grasp of power in 1970 to the latest domestic uprising of 2011. The relationship will be considered under three main vectors
struggle over Lebanon, tensions regarding peace process and Israel, and rogue statehood of Syria attributed by the United States.
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Lindberg, Miryam. "Conflict Analysis of Economic Perceptions and Misperceptions in the United States." NSUWorks, 2016. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/52.
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Economics plays a vital role in people’s lives and societal development. Research shows a prevalence of large deficits in economic literacy among the U.S. population, which may help perpetuate misperceptions about how economic systems operate and why they render specific results. The issue of human nature and how it influences policy design is explored. The purpose of this study is to explore Americans’ perceptions and misperceptions regarding three economic systems—capitalism, socialism, and communism—to determine if there is a generational gap. Furthermore, this research explores how people acquire their epistemological assumptions on economics in the era of Internet; and how perceptions and misperceptions about these three economic systems and economic literacy may play an important role in macro-conflict formation. This dissertation identifies specific conditions, factors, and characteristics driving this conflict-saturated social trend. It leverages a thirty-five question survey, designed for this research and administered among U.S. residents, as a method of inquiry to provide a quantitative description from the lens of macro conflict. This study also analyzes some of the effects of the tech revolution by executing data about how people are currently getting their impressions about economic systems and the primary sources and experiences that inform them. This research argues that endogenizing economic knowledge can have far-reaching repercussions in the prevention and avoidance of macro conflict. It also recommends the use of non-Marxist theoretical frameworks to analyze conflict.
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Gbadamosi, Waidi Alani. "Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance of Banks in the United States." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2212.
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Corporate social responsibility has evolved as a business strategy, but the business worth of voluntary social conduct has not been well understood. The contradictory research findings mean that social performance is not maximized, which constrains economic growth and sustainable development. Grounded by stakeholder theory, this correlational study was aimed at examining the effect of social responsibility factors on the market-based Fama-French cost of capital. Within a sample of 71 United States banks, the publicly available ethical ratings, financial data, and stock market data were analyzed using multiple regression models. Contrary to the positive effect of social conduct on financial performance common in the literature, this study revealed no significant effect of social factors on the accounting returns, and, consequently, the shareholders perceived the social activities as risky and therefore demanded higher returns. The study also showed that governance, diversity, and employee relation were positively related to accounting returns while product and community factors were negatively related to profits. The implied higher cost of raising equity finance following engagement in social activities is a lesson for corporate managers to exercise caution in their social conduct and carry the investors along. Such inclusive policy could help to minimize investor bias and moderate their consequential adverse reactions to well-intentioned corporate actions. This research contributes to positive social change by assisting the bank managers, directors, investors, regulators, and government in improving the discharge of their respective roles to ensure optimal allocation of resources to competing social activities in a manner that may maximize performance and improve the overall stakeholder wellbeing.
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Bailey, James Woodrow. "Suicide Attempt Impact on United States Coast Guard Career Retention." ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7912.
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Suicide is of great concern nationally and has become a significant social problem within the last 10years. One group of growing concern is those who served in the United States Coast Guard (USCG) and the impact of a suicide attempt on their career retention. Previous studies had focused on potential risk factors that may lead an individual to attempt suicide, but there was limited research on the impact of a suicide attempt on an individual's career retention. It was unknown if the desire of USCG veterans to retain their career can primarily influence their decision not to attempt suicide. The experiential impact of suicide on the career retention of the participants was examined in this study. The study method was planned to be a qualitative phenomenological study but changed to a qualitative descriptive design. The theoretical framework comprised an application of Joiner's interpersonal psychological theory of suicidal behavior and Tinto's integration model for retention relevance and practical implications. Semistructured interviews were used to collect data from 12 USCG veterans to address the primary research question as to the lived experience of USCG members who have attempted suicide while on active duty that are currently veterans. NVivo analysis indicated that participants experienced difficulties with career, work, and personal relationships before their suicide attempt. Themes were similar for participants who stayed or left service after a suicide attempt. The results also indicated that all participants needed to receive support from people in their life after the attempts. Data suggested peer support was critical for retention and contributed to the promotion of a confident, healthy workforce and social growth in communities and society after an attempted suicide.
30
Perin, Jodi R. "Educational travel for societal change: An exploration of popular education along the Mexico-United States border." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278807.
Full textAbstract:
During the past few decades, anthropologists have become increasingly interested in how different cultural frameworks come together. One opportunity to view such interactions is presented by travel seminars based on a transformative education model, which aim to educate middle-class people about conditions in economically depressed areas through travel. The task of this thesis is to examine the experiences of U.S. participant groups in one transformative education program, paying particular attention to interpersonal contact, both within groups and between them and local people, and to how participants experience the location of poverty. I argue that multiple factors play a role in terms of whether, how, and why trip participants appear to form new meanings based on their experiences. These factors include the individual's ability to empathize with the 'Other' (i.e. local people) met on the trip and previous experience in and knowledge of economically depressed areas, especially the Third World.
31
Paxton, Charles Hugh. "Atmospheric and Ocean Conditions and Social Aspects Associated with Rip Current Drownings in the United States." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5096.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this research is to provide a better understanding of the physical and social aspects of rip currents in ocean areas that will lead to better forecasts, better governmental policies in beach areas, and ultimately to save lives. A rip current is a nearshore circulation in which breaking waves run up onto the beach then retreat rapidly in deeper channels back toward the sea. Rip currents pose a significant threat to beachgoers and can pull even the strongest swimmers out to sea. The primary factors associated with rip current formation on unarmored beaches are variations in the local beach bathymetry, wind-generated longshore waves of varying height, and lower tidal stages. The rationale for this study is highlighted when rip current deaths are put in context with deaths from other weather related deaths. The average number of rip current deaths per year in the United States is 46 and in the year 2010 rip currents were responsible for 64 deaths which was higher than the deaths associated with lightning, tornadoes, hurricanes and the cold winter during the year. The methodology followed for this study includes a review of demographics from over 500 rip current drowning reports along the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Gulf of Mexico coasts of the United States from 1994-2012. This research indicates that tourists are often victims, and rescuers can become the victims. For each state or sub-state area where rip current drownings are prevalent, an analysis of social aspects, beach areas, and associated ocean and weather patterns was conducted using averaged wind and pressure fields over wave generation areas, buoy data, and tide data. It is important to understand the evolution of these drowning events and seek solutions to mitigate the problem.
32
Bektas, Dilek Yelda. "Psychological Adaptation And Acculturation Of The Turkish Students In The United States." Phd thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12605051/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION AND ACCULTURATION OF THE TURKISH STUDENTS IN THE UNITES STATES
BektaS, Dilek Yelda
Ph.D., Department of Educational Sciences
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Ayhan Demir
2004, 162 pages
The purpose of this present study was to examine the psychological adaptation of the Turkish students in the U.S. by examining the acculturation variables in Berry&rsquos (1997) acculturation framework. The sample of this study was the 132 voluntary Turkish students enrolled in various colleges in the U.S. contacted through various Turkish Students Associations of colleges in the U.S., Yahoo groups of the Turkish people who live in the U.S., and Intercollegiate Turkish Student Society. The participants in San Antonio, Texas were contacted by the researcher. The scales used in the study were
a demographic variable questionnaire prepared by the researcher, Perceived Social Support by Friends Questionnaire, modified version of Acculturation Attitudes Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Satisfaction with Life Inventory, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Cultural Distance Scale developed for the present study. Reliability studies of the scales used for the sample of the present study were conducted. Data were analyzed by various statistical analyses. The analyses used in the present study were, multiple hierarchical regression analyses, correlations, t-tests and ANOVAs. Results of the study indicated that Turkish students are found psychologically well adjusted to their new environments in the U.S., satisfied with their new cultural contexts and mentally healthy. Self-esteem, previous travel experience, and met expectations predicted 51 % of the variance in depression
self-esteem, met expectations, English proficiency, perceived social support, and perceived discrimination predicted 41 % of the variance in satisfaction with life. In terms of acculturation attitudes, separation attitude was found to be the most preferred acculturation attitude among the Turkish students and female students were found to prefer integration attitude more than male students. Keywords: Acculturation process, psychological adaptation, acculturation attitudes
33
Piscitelli, Stephen V. "The Relationship of United States' Nationalism and Textbook Coverage of Latin America." UNF Digital Commons, 1986. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/9.
Full textAbstract:
It was the purpose of this project to determine whether the interests of United States' nationalism had influenced the textbook coverage devoted to Latin America. The review of related literature supported the value of curriculum with a global orientation and the importance of an objective understanding of the Latin American-United States relationship.This study reviewed eight (8) world history textbooks. Seven (7) of the books were on the latest state adopted textbook list for Florida. One (1) text was currently in use in advanced World History classes in Duval County (Florida). The eight books were reviewed using a textbook evaluation form devised for this project. The findings indicated that the world history textbooks followed a traditional western civilization approach. The degree of coverage devoted to Latin America varied from a few pages to more than 100 pages.The shared events with the United States that were described in the texts, were generally non-controversial topics. Textbooks had an encyclopedic approach rather than a generalization orientation. This author concluded that Latin American coverage lacks negative stereotyping. The coverage also lacks topical coverage of current events. Specific recommendations included the inclusion of historical and current events to aid students in critically evaluating the topics while developing their own interpretations of the United States-Latin American relationship. While United States nationalism does not seem to be a factor in negative stereotyping, it may have lead to the avoidance of presenting controversial topics in the Latin American-United States relationship.
34
Rutter, Brock. "The contrasting environments for cloud computing in the United States and Europe: jurisdiction, contrasts, and prospects for legal interoperability." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110627.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis will first offer an explanation of what "the cloud" is and why it matters to us. It will also detail some ways in which law can both alleviate and exacerbate problems in the cloud. Subsequent sections will contrast regulation in the United States and Europe, which were selected as examples because of the contrasts they offer. A section on jurisdiction will outline the ways in which cloud providers can be subject to numerous regulatory regimes simultaneously. This section should show how governance of the cloud has necessitated new and permissive theories for the exercise of jurisdiction; what constraints there are derive instead from real-world limitations on enforcement and providers' decisions whether or not to operate in each jurisdiction. Finally, important reasons exist to retain the global nature of the cloud computing network even if equally valid reasons exist for allowing nations to make different policy decisions in areas affected by cloud computing. A globally interoperative network need not mean conversion of substantive law nor undue restrictions on the locations of infrastructure.Ce mémoire commence par offrir une explication de ce en quoi consiste l'informatique en nuage et de son importance pour nous. Il montrera en quoi le droit peut à la fois atténuer et aggraver les problèmes dans le nuage. Les sections suivantes opposeront la réglementation aux États-Unis et en Europe, qui ont été sélectionnés à titre d'exemples en raison des contrastes qu'elles offrent. Une section sur la compétence donnera un aperçu des façons dont les fournisseurs des services de l'informatique en nuage peuvent être soumis à de nombreux régimes réglementaires simultanément. Cette section se donne pour but de montrer comment la gouvernance du « nuage » a donné lieu à de nouvelles théories permissives pour l'exercice de la compétence juridictionnelle, les contraintes découlant plutôt du monde réel sur la mise en œuvre et les décisions des fournisseurs d'exercer des activités ou non dans chaque système juridique. Enfin, il existe d'importantes raisons de conserver le caractère mondial du réseau informatique en nuage, même s'il existe aussi des raisons valables pour permettre aux nations de prendre des décisions politiques différentes dans les domaines touchés par le cloud computing. Un réseau mondial interopérationnel ne se traduit pas nécessairement par des changements au droit substantif ou des restrictions indues sur l'emplacement des infrastructures.
35
Osborne, Taryn Frances. "Masculinity and Vulnerability in United States Jails and Prisons." Ohio University Art and Sciences Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouashonors1544710898014658.
Full text
36
Fritz, Audra Jaclyn. "Military Women A Content Analysis of United States and United Kingdom Newspapers Portrayal During the Iraq War." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1391.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine how the tone and roles of women serving in the Iraq War were portrayed in newspaper articles. Issues of how women in the military were portrayed in terms of page and story prominence were also of importance.
A content analysis was conducted in order to determine the tone, roles, story, and page placement of newspaper articles published in the United States and the United Kingdom over a 7-year time period. Newspaper articles related to the topic were retrieved from the LexisNexis database and analyzed.
The results showed that mentions of military women during the Iraq War in United Kingdom newspapers were almost twice as negative as those in United States newspapers (28.4% vs. 15.5%). Story placement of women in the military was more prominent in United States newspapers than United Kingdom newspapers. Mentions of women in news articles were 14.8 percentage points more positive than those in editorials. The tone of women serving in the military during the Iraq War was most polarized at the beginning of the war and became increasingly neutral as the war progressed.
37
Eaton-Stull, Yvonne. "Action research to expand HOPE Animal-Assisted Crisis Response (AACR) teams in the United States." Thesis, Capella University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3630200.
Full textAbstract:
Millions of people are adversely affected by crises and disasters each year. Response to disasters relies heavily on volunteer organizations to assist in the aftermath of these traumatic events. HOPE Animal-Assisted Crisis Response (AACR) is one organization that provides needed support to those impacted by way of specially trained crisis dogs. Unfortunately, there is a lack of these certified teams able to effectively respond. The research question for this study was how can HOPE AACR expand (recruit and train qualified new teams) into currently unoccupied areas. This question was answered through collaborative action research (AR) with this organization's members, those who possess the specialized knowledge and training for AACR work. Due to the fact that the nature of this AR did not contain sensitive information that posed risk to participants and that written permission was obtained to use the site name, an exemption was granted to name the site in this study. In particular, this study worked with regional directors in charge of various areas of the U.S., elected board of directors responsible for oversight and approval of organizational changes, and a group of current certified volunteer team members. Participants engaged in various interviews and focus groups in order to share perspectives and experiences to solve the identified problem. Through this AR process, this research team determined a plan of action (target area for expansion and strategies to recruit and train new members). The goal of this study was to document a process which can be refined and re-used for future expansion efforts. Implementation of this action plan will also result in expanded territory, increased ability to meet requests for services, and ultimately enhanced recovery for those exposed to crises and disasters.
Keyword: Animal-Assisted Crisis Response
38
Phillips, Sara. "Property and prosperity: examing contemporary private property ownership in light of increased oil and gas development in the United States." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121441.
Full textAbstract:
The concept of private property has played an important role within American history and culture. For many of the country's founding statesmen, private property was heralded as the ultimate path to freedom, financial independence, and prosperity. The role of the private landowner has evolved dramatically over the last two centuries or so, and private property has now become an important component of US states' increased oil and gas development efforts. As demand for the resources continues to rise, the US has experienced an unprecedented boom in oil and gas development, on both public and private lands. In the wake of increased development activity, the demand for greater land conservation measures has also escalated. Private property plays an integral role in US environmental conservation efforts and a growing number of landowners now seek enduring land conservation and protection.This thesis considers the role of private property in light of the arguably equally important state interests of oil and gas resource development and environmental conservation. Utilizing professors Gregory Alexander and Eduardo Peñalver's human flourishing model of the social obligation norm, I argue that private property ownership consists of two primary overarching social obligations: resource development and land conservation. Looking to the state of Colorado as a case study, I examine the various traits inherent in private land ownership within the context of resource development, demonstrating that Colorado has, to its detriment, over-emphasized the obligation of resource development while neglecting other equally important environmental considerations. Throughout the thesis, I reveal how Colorado's substandard regulatory practices have disempowered the state's private landowners, disincentivized land conservation efforts, and effectively undermined the human flourishing model of private property ownership. I therefore argue for a repositioning of the state's interests, to provide greater protection to Colorado's private landowners while also restoring balance and harmony to the social objectives of environmental preservation, and conservation and development of oil and gas resources.Le concept de propriété privée a joué un rôle important dans l'histoire et la culture Américaine. Pour beaucoup des pères fondateurs du pays, la propriété privée était considérée comme la voie ultime menant à la liberté, l'indépendance financière et la prospérité. Le rôle du propriétaire privé a considérablement évolué au cours des deux derniers siècles environ, et la propriété privée est devenue, pour les états américains, une composante importante de leur développement minier et gazier. Du fait de l'augmentation des besoins en ressources, les États-Unis ont connu un essor sans précédent de l'exploitation minière, aussi bien sur les terrains publics que privés. Au fur et à mesure du développement grandissant de l'activité minière, les exigences d'accroissement des mesures protectrices en matière de conservation des sols ont également augmenté. La propriété privée joue un rôle essentiel dans les efforts des États-Unis en matière de protection environnementale et un nombre croissant de propriétaires cherchent dorénavant une conservation et une préservation durables des terres.Cette thèse étudie le rôle de la propriété privée au regard des intérêts étatiques, sans doute aussi importants, en matière de développement des ressources gazières et pétrolières et de préservation de l'environnement. Utilisant le modèle de l'épanouissement de l'être humain fondé sur la théorie de la contrainte sociale, élaboré par les professeurs Gregory Alexander et Eduardo Peñalver, je soutiens que la propriété privée se compose de deux contraintes sociales principales : le développement des ressources et la préservation des terres. Utilisant l'état du Colorado comme cas d'étude, j'examine les différents attributs inhérents à la propriété privée des terres dans le cadre du développement des ressources, démontrant ainsi que le Colorado a, à son détriment, excessivement privilégié le développement des ressources par rapport aux autres considérations environnementales tout aussi importantes. Tout au long de la thèse, je m'attache à exposer comment les lacunes des normes règlementaires édictées par l'état du Colorado ont conduit à désavantager les propriétaires privés de l'état, décourager les initiatives en matière de préservation des sols et ont finalement desservi le modèle d'épanouissement de l'être humain par la propriété privée. J'ai donc argumenté en faveur d'un repositionnement des intérêts de l'état, afin d'offrir une meilleure protection aux propriétaires privés du Colorado, tout en rétablissant l'équilibre et l'harmonie entre les objectifs sociétaux de préservation et conservation de l'environnement et de développement des ressources pétrolières et gazières.
39
Cankaya, Mine. "The European Union Factor In The United States-turkey Rekations: 1995-1999." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/1177005/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT
THE EUROPEAN UNION FACTOR IN THE UNITED STATES-TURKEY
RELATIONS: 1995-1999
Çankaya, Mine M.Sc., Department of International Relations Supervisor: Dr. Fulya Kip Barnard September 2003, 188 pages This study seeks to analyze the imperatives underlying the United States policy of supporting Turkey&
#8217
s full membership to the European Union from 1995 to 1999. It is basically composed of four parts. The first part discusses the US security policy in the regions surrounding Turkey following the demise of the Soviet Union. Accordingly, the US security policies towards Russia, the Europe, the Balkans, the Middle East, the Central Asia and the Caucasus are examined. The second part is devoted to the examination of American-Turkish relations in the post-Cold War era. The third part deals with the role of the EU in Turkish domestic politics in the post- Cold War era. The last chapter serves as the essence of the study. It aims to focus on the implications of Turkey&
#8217
s relations with the EU for the US security policy. Within this framework thedomestic changes in Turkish politics especially the rise of Islam and nationalism in the mid 90s and their implications for the US security policy are explained. Second, Turkey&
#8217
s role in the emerging European security framework and its implications for the US security policy are scrutnized. Having elaborated these factors, this study concludes with a brief analysis of the basic points of the study. Keywords: The US security policy, American-Turkish relations, Turkey-EU relations.
40
Morrow, Frank Spurgeon. "The U.S. power structure and the mass media." San Francisco, CA. : Internet Archive, 2007. http://www.archive.org/details/TheU.s.PowerStructureAndTheMassMedia.
Full text
41
Moyer, Paul Benjamin. "Wild Yankees: Settlement, conflict, and localism along Pennsylvania's northeast frontier, 1760-1820." W&M ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623949.
Full textAbstract:
Pennsylvania's northeast frontier---a region embraced by the upper reaches of the Delaware and Susquehanna Rivers---was the scene of a bitter and, at times, bloody backwoods dispute. Here Yankees (settlers and speculators holding deeds from Connecticut land companies) fought Pennamites (settlers and landlords who claimed land under Pennsylvania) for land and authority. This contest began in the 1760s and lasted till the first decade of the nineteenth century and, for a time, pitted Connecticut against Pennsylvania in a bitter jurisdictional conflict. This study focuses on the dispute after the revolutionary war when the federal government awarded the contested territory to Pennsylvania and when Connecticut claimants, who became known as Wild Yankees, violently resisted the imposition of Pennsylvania's authority and soil rights.;This study explores agrarian unrest in northeast Pennsylvania and adds to existing backcountry scholarship by demonstrating that the revolutionary frontier was not only the scene of a battle over land and authority but also the locus of a struggle over identity and the definition of local culture. It analyzes how frontier expansion, the Revolution, class conflict, and disputes over property intersected with the daily lives of ordinary men and women by examining the small-scale social networks (family, kin, and neighborhood) that delimitated their lives.;This study makes two closely connected arguments. First, it contends that backcountry inhabitants' local lives---the social relationships, economic networks, and sources of authority that operated on a face-to-face level---framed their aspirations as well as their perceptions of the Revolution and social conflict. This parochial world view, or localism, played an important role in shaping frontier expansion and frontier unrest. Second, it argues that localism, though it had always been present in agrarian society, became a paramount ingredient of identity and ideology in the backcountry between the mid-eighteenth and early nineteenth century. Rapid frontier expansion combined with the Revolution to create a distinct parochial world view among settlers that can best be described as revolutionary backcountry localism .
42
Plücken, Milan. "The regulatory approach of ICAO, the United States and Canada to Civil Unmanned Aircraft Systems in particular to certification and licensing." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106618.
Full textAbstract:
Civil Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) have increased in variety and importance. They offer applications that can replace manned aircraft in certain areas or that are unprecedented by their manned counterparts and unique to UAS. The current national and international regulatory framework for aviation regulates 'aircraft' and does hence generally not differentiate between manned and unmanned formats. However, most of its regulations were developed in the light of manned aircraft making their application to UAS a difficult task. The potential of UAS has been recognized, work on future regulations is underway and the first legal instruments aiming for UAS integration have been developed. This thesis explains and contrasts the regulatory approaches of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the United States and Canada to UAS. Present rules and proposals for future regulations are analyzed. In a closer look, the actual certification and licensing rules for UAS and their resultant operational possibilities are examined and compared.Les véhicules aériens civils sans équipage se sont développés en termes d'importance et de variété. Ils offrent des utilisations remplaçant les aéronefs avec équipage dans certains domaines, ou bien même, ils sont utilisés dans des nouveaux domaines qui leur sont désormais uniques. L'actuel cadre juridique en aviation, aux niveaux national et international, règlemente l' 'aéronef' sans généralement dissocier entre ceux qui sont avec ou sans équipage. Cependant, la plupart de ces règlements ont été développés à la lumière de l'aéronef avec équipage, ce qui peut rendre leur application aux aéronefs sanséquipage quelque peu difficile. Le potentiel des véhicules sans équipage a été reconnu, des travaux pour une nouvelle règlementation est en cours et le premier instrument légal visant l'intégration de ces véhicules à été développé. Cette thèse explique et contraste les différentes approches règlementaires relatives aux véhicules sans équipage que peuvent avoir l'Organisation Internationale de l'Aviation Civile, les Etats-Unis et le Canada. Les règles actuelles ainsi que des propositions pour defuturs règlements seront analysés. Plus précisément, l'actuelle certification et les règles d'émission de licence pour les véhicules sans équipages, ainsi que les possibilités opérationnelles de ces derniers seront examinées et comparées.
43
Yamamoto, Takashi. "Issues of Consensus and Concern: Family Relationships of the Elderly in the United States and Japan." DigitalCommons@USU, 1995. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2400.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to explore cultural differences between America and Japan concerning four domains: past family relationships, current family relationships, the support network, and well-being.
Concern and consensus in the family are the principal background issues in this study. In America there has been a change from consensus (sharing basic similarity of values or attitudes and interests) to concern (an intense emotional involvement and affectional closeness). In contrasting the American and Japanese societies, consensus and concern constitute different orders from a more traditional context to the current societal context. This cultural difference impacts the relationship between the dynamics of the family in the early formative years, and how the individual responds within the current family. Ramifications are apparent in the quality of the current relationships, use of informal and formal support networks, and individual well-being.
The Family of Origin Scale was used to measure past family relationships. The Positive Affect Index and Interaction Index were used to measure current family relationships. The support network was measured by questions selected from the Older Americans Resources and Services Program. The revised version of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Moral Scale, the Life Satisfaction Index A, and the LSI-K (1990) constituted the measurement devices for personal well-being. The sample consisted of elderly individuals 70 to 79 years of age, 77 from America and 42 from Japan.
The major finding in America was that this society has changed from a consensus to a concern orientation. For example, autonomy is positively related to personal well-being. The relationship holds true in terms of past family experiences as well as current family relationships.
The data also show the impact of rapid social change in the nation of Japan. Japanese culture reflects an orientation change from traditional family concern to more of a consensus perspective. Family and personal well-being are related to perceived family intimacy in the past. A positive perception of current family relations was related to solidarity. It was concluded that rapid social change and modernization in Japan have brought about these major changes in terms of consensus and concern. Shifts on these two dimensions have implications for the adjustment and well-being of the elderly in a family context.
44
Duff, Meaghan N. "Designing Carolina: The construction of an early American social and geographical landscape, 1670-1719." W&M ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623927.
Full textAbstract:
This study explores the promotion, population and settlement of the Carolina lowcountry and evaluates the colony's pioneer years, the period before an English-dominated plantation society achieved supremacy. Many designers participated in the construction of proprietary South Carolina's social and geographical landscapes. The explorers and propagandists who first characterized the colony for European audiences developed the region in the minds of potential emigrants. their recruitment campaigns determined in part the people who colonized the province. The Lords Proprietors and their agents, who devised an elaborate settlement program set forth in the Fundamental Constitutions and other land policies, influenced how Carolina evolved physically and socially. The planters and surveyors who lived and worked within this system reshaped it to serve their own ends, thus altering the complexion of the colonial lowcountry landscape. Finally, the European and Indian cartographers who drew maps of the southeastern region created and interpreted the imagined and actual geography of Carolina.;Despite the small number of private papers surviving from the proprietary period, extant records reveal a considerable amount about white Carolinians' approaches to and occupation of lowcountry lands. The sources examined in this study include exploratory narratives and promotional literature, correspondence and journals of colonial officials, land warrants and grants, surveyors' guidebooks and plats, and historical maps of southeastern North America. Indeed, the public records dating from 1670 to 1710 are particularly suited to a geographic interpretation of South Carolina.;In one sense, the story of South Carolina's first settlement and initial development suffers from the tendency of scholars to read history backwards from the fully-evolved plantation societies of the later eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and to apply predominately economic interpretations to the colony's earliest years. This dissertation takes another approach and concentrates on the creation of the colony both in perception and practice. as the first comprehensive analysis of the conceptualization, peopling, and construction of social and geographical landscapes in South Carolina, it integrates the history of a single southern colony within the broader contexts of early American and Atlantic world histories.
45
Salman, Rania Camille. "The (Mis)representation of the Middle East and Its People in K-8 Social Studies Textbooks: A Postcolonial Analysis." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc799522/.
Full textAbstract:
Critical examinations of cultural groups and the ways in which they are presented in schools are missing from current elementary and middle school curricula. Issues of this nature often fall under the umbrella of “multicultural education” or “cultural pedagogy,” but this rhetoric is dismissive in nature. Constructing the non-Western child as “culturally deprived,” “culturally disadvantaged,” or “at-risk” perpetuates an “us/colonizer” versus “them/colonized” mentality. The purpose of this study was to examine critically how the Middle East and its people are represented in U.S. social studies textbooks. Through the use of qualitative content analysis, 10 elementary and middle school social studies books from Florida, Texas, and Virginia were analyzed. Drawing largely from the postcolonial Orientalist work of Edward Said (1978/2003), this study unveiled the ways in which American public schools other children, specifically children of Middle Eastern or Arab descent. Othering occurs anytime an institution in power constructs a certain reality for a marginalized group of people.
46
Stokes, Hannah. "Conceptualizing and Measuring Food Security Among Resettled Refugees Living in the United States." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2017. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/819.
Full textAbstract:
Food security research with resettled refugees in the United States and other Global North countries has found alarmingly high rates of food insecurity, up to 85% of surveyed households. This is well above the current US average of 12.7%. However, the most common survey tool used to measure food security status in the US, the US Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM), has not been sufficiently validated for resettled refugee populations, leading to the risk that the HFSSM may actually be underestimating the prevalence of food insecurity among resettled refugees in the US. Though research has attempted to establish validity of the HFSSM for resettled refugees through statistical associations with other risk factors for food insecurity, no efforts have been made to first explore and establish the content validity of the HFSSM for measuring food security among resettled refugees. Content validity is an essential component of construct validity. It first requires a qualitative theoretical foundation for demonstrating the relationships of the test contents to the underlying construct (ie food security) that the test intends to measure. Our research explores these theoretical relationships through a qualitative grounded study of food insecurity and food management experiences described by resettled refugees living in Vermont. Dr. Linda Berlin and I conducted 5 semi-structured focus groups in the summer and fall of 2015 with Bhutanese (2 groups), Somali Bantu (1 group), and Iraqi (2 groups) resettled refugees. During the focus groups, we inquired about food management practices under typical circumstances and under circumstances of limited household resources, as well as difficulties participants have faced in these processes. Additionally, I conducted 18 semi-structured interviews and 1 focus group in the same time frame with service providers who have worked with resettled refugees in capacities primarily related to food, health, and household resources. These interviews provided additional data about context, household food management practices among clients, and triangulating data for the focus groups.
A Grounded Theory analysis of the focus group data yielded 5 major emergent themes: 1) Past food insecurity experiences of resettled refugee participants exerted significant influence on the subjective perception of current food insecurity. 2) Barriers other than just financial resources restricted participants’ food security, especially for recently resettled refugees. 3) Preferred foods differed significantly between generations within households. 4) Common elements of quality and quantity included in the definition and measurement of food security did not translate into the languages or experiences of food insecurity among participants. 5) Strategic and adaptive food management practices prevailed among participants, highlighting the temporality and ambiguity of food security concepts. These themes present potential problems of content validity for every HFSSM question. They also reveal the importance of food security concepts that are not covered by the HFSSM, including elements of nutritional adequacy of food, food safety, social acceptability of food and of means of acquiring food, short and long term certainty of food access, and food utilization. I conclude by discussing implications of our findings for service providers and local governments in Vermont who seek to better serve resettled refugee and other New American populations.
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Hanna, Isis. "Delivering culturally appropriate healthcare to Mexican immigrant women." Scholarly Commons, 2007. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/678.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the experiences of United States America nurses caring for Mexican immigrant women; it focused on the language and cultural barriers that appear to be critical factors in delivering culturally appropriate healthcare. The questions that guided the research were: What adjustment issues .related to providing culturally appropriate healthcare to female Mexican patients do nurses have to face? What specific knowledge, skills can nurses learn to handle issues of cultural differences in patient care?
Ten U.S. American nurses caring for Mexican immigrant women were interviewed; from these interviews, critical incidents were developed specific to caring for female Mexican women issues. Subsequently four bi-lingual bi-cultural Mexican women reviewed the incidents; their comments and incidents were incorporated into a cultural sensitizer to be used in future trainings of U.S. American nurses caring for Mexican immigrant women.
My research shows that in attempting to make sense of ambiguous situations, U.S. American nurses tend to attribute the cause of Mexican immigrant women behavior through their own cultural filter. For this research, I identified salient intercultural concepts and skills that should be taught to U.S. American nurses caring for Mexican immigrant women. These intercultural skills, knowledge, and concepts are incorporated into the cultural sensitizer I designed and can be found in Chapter VI.
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McLennan, Sarah Elizabeth. "Promoting Tourism, Selling a Nation: The Politics of Representing National Identity in the United States 1930-1960." W&M ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539624012.
Full textAbstract:
Promoting Tourism, Selling a Nation: The Politics of Representing National Identity in the United States 1930-1960, focuses on tourism and public culture in the United States, examining how institutions and public sites interpret their history, and the impact these representations have on community and national identity. The project centers on the United States Travel Bureau, the first federal agency tasked with promoting U.S. tourism on a national scale. Through its publicity campaigns, the Bureau attempted to distill the diversity of communities and traditions in the United States into a cohesive vision of American identity and heritage---one it promoted both at home and abroad---as the United States became a major player in world affairs and redefined its place in an international context. Balancing analysis of federal campaigns with case studies of two commemorative events, the 1939 Golden Gate International Exposition in San Francisco and the 350th Anniversary of Jamestown, Virginia in 1957, the project explores this process of cultural representation, examining how federal, state, and different groups at the local level vied to assert their visions, and the politics that shaped which voices were included and which left out.;Though a critical period in tourism history for the United States, the mid-twentieth century has largely fallen into a historiographical gap, between studies that focus on early developments from the nineteenth century into the 1920s, and those that examine the era of mass tourism beginning in the 1950s. New Deal projects and programs are most often treated in literature confined to the years of the Great Depression. By tracing the development and influence of national tourism promotion from the late New Deal through the early Cold War era, this project bridges that gap, and considers how elements of 1920s business culture and community advertising, New Deal government programs, and developments in historic preservation and the interpretation of heritage sites all combined to shape representations of national culture.
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Wills, Angelica. "Characteristics of Fame-Seeking Individuals Who Completed or Attempted Mass Murder in the United States." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7097.
Full textAbstract:
Previous researchers have found mass murderers characterized as loners, victims of bullying, goths, and individuals who had a psychotic break. A gap in the literature that remained concerned the motive and mindset of mass murderers before their attack, particularly those who seek fame, and why they are motivated by such violent intentions. The purpose of this study was to provide a deeper analysis of the characteristics of fame-seeking individuals who have completed or attempted mass murder, as well as insight into their behavior on social media. The conceptual framework consisted of a constructivist model, which guided the exploration the purposeful sample of 12 Americans who completed or attempted mass murder. The research questions aligned with themes provided by Bandura's social learning theory, Sulloway's theory of birth order and family dynamics, Millon and Davis's psychopathy theories, O'Toole's findings on the copycat effect, and Lankford's criteria for fame-seeking mass murderers, and guided an analysis of open-source data. Six main themes among fame-seeking individuals in the United States who had completed or attempted mass murder emerged: (a) fame as primary motivation, (b) preoccupation with violence, (c) presence of specific role models/copycat behavior, (d) strong opinions about society/racial groups, (e) symptoms of narcissism/mood disorder/personality disorder, and (f) failed relationships. These findings add to the knowledge about mass murder and fame seeking. Social change may occur through recommended evaluation of and improvements in current mental health approaches, improved threat assessment, expanded education on characteristics of mass murderers, and dissemination of information related to mass murder.
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Schwab, Hallie E. "Social and Emotional Dimensions of Succession Planning for Family Forest Owners in the Northeastern United States." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2017. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/760.
Full textAbstract:
Keeping forestland intact has emerged as a critical policy objective at state and federal levels. This target has been supported by substantial public investment. The collective impact from the bequest decisions of millions of landowning individuals and families has the potential to affect the extent and functionality of future forests in the United States. Despite a growing body of research devoted to studying these transitions in forest ownership, much remains unknown about how family forest owners make decisions in this arena. The social and emotional dimensions of woodland succession planning have been particularly under-examined. This thesis explores the process of planning for the future use and ownership of woodlands through in-depth analysis of 32 semi-structured interviews with family forest owners in Massachusetts, Maine, New York, and Vermont. The first article investigates how family forest owners evaluate and integrate stories derived from their social networks when planning for the future of their woodlands. Analysis of the themes contained in stories framed as “cautionary tales” revealed common fears surrounding succession planning. The second article explores the complexity of emotional relationships with family forests showing how emotional geographies manifest in the succession planning process. Together, these studies deepen understanding of how family forest owners plan for the future of private woodlands and offer implications for Extension and outreach.