Relevant bibliographies by topics / Polarization (Social sciences)

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Polarization (Social sciences)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Polarization (Social sciences)"

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Leifeld, Philip. "Polarization in the social sciences: Assortative mixing in social science collaboration networks is resilient to interventions." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 507 (October 2018): 510–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2018.05.109.

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Jiang, Tianji. "Studying opinion polarization on social media." Social Work and Social Welfare 4, no. 2 (2022): 232–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25082/swsw.2022.02.003.

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Opinion polarization on social media raises a lot of concerns today. In this study, the author provides a systematic review of publications about the issues since 2013 to show the achievements in the existing research on the topic, to sort out the relevant knowledge, and to provide some inspirations for future research in this area. This paper finds that opinion polarization on social media is initiated by three patterns of factors: increasing the homophily in discussions, increasing conflict in social media discussions, and facilitating the spread of misinformation. It also summarizes the existing findings on how to detect and measure opinion polarization in social media, and comes up with opportunities for further researches on this topic.
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Kwon, Hyunku, and John Martin. "Subjective Political Polarization." Sociological Science 10 (2023): 903–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15195/v10.a32.

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Mason, Lilliana. "Losing Common Ground: Social Sorting and Polarization." Forum 16, no. 1 (April 25, 2018): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/for-2018-0004.

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Abstract The alignment between partisan and other social identities has generated a rift between Democrats and Republicans that is deeper than any seen in recent American history. Without the cross-cutting identities that have traditionally stabilized the American two-party system, partisans in the American electorate are now seeing each other through prejudiced and intolerant eyes. In this article, partisan social divisions are examined in the 2016 electorate, with an eye to the co-occurrence between these social divisions and contemporaneous resistance to compromise and intolerance of social outgroups. In particular, as Republicans and Democrats grow more socially distinct, they like outgroups less and privilege victory over the national greater good. This effect is particularly visible among Republicans, whose social makeup is particularly homogeneous, even in comparison with Democrats. Some potential solutions are briefly addressed.
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Nevryuev, A., and M. Gagarina. "“After the Discussion, I am Even More Confident in My Point of View”: An Overview of Studies of Group Polarization." Review of Business and Economics Studies 8, no. 3 (March 2, 2021): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2308-944x-2020-8-2-6-11.

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The polarization of the population in Russia is reflected in the psychological state of society. The article deals with the phenomenon of “group polarization”. First, we define the phenomenon formulated in the framework of social psychology. Next, we presented the main theories that explain the mechanism of action of this phenomenon. Further, we considered in more detail psychological experiments aimed to study group polarization empirically. Separately, we considered studies that also established the features of group polarization, but were carried out in related social sciences. The examples of recent events that took place in Russia illustrate the process of group polarization in modern society in the period from 2014 to 2020. Based on the described studies, we formulated the need for a more detailed empirical analysis of this phenomenon in the current conditions of society in Russia. Finally, we outlined the main ways related to the study of the connection between group polarization and the psychological state of society and people’s behaviour.
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Gu, Chao-lin. "Social polarization and segregation in Beijing." Chinese Geographical Science 11, no. 1 (March 2001): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11769-001-0003-7.

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Kuzin, V. Yu. "TYPES OF POLARIZATION AND MODERN FEATURES OF THEIR RESEARCH." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences 32, no. 4 (December 27, 2022): 494–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2022-32-4-494-503.

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The article considers polarization as an extreme form of spatial differentiation. Its essence and complex multidimensional nature are noted. It allows to distinguish separate types of polarization for the research objectives. In general, there are five types of polarization - economic, social, ekistical, demographic and polarization of social and economic development processes. Their specificity, outstanding characteristics and ratios of different types of polarization are considered. Based on the works on polarization types of Russian and foreign experts since 2010 the key characteristics, modern peculiarities of research and indicators describing every type of polarization are outlined. The common features are also indicated. It suggests further prospects and features of the polarization types research. The common (designate an all-inclusive polarization types) and specific (characterizing the separate polarization types) perspectives are distinguished.
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Kashima, Yoshihisa, Andrew Perfors, Vanessa Ferdinand, and Elle Pattenden. "Ideology, communication and polarization." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, no. 1822 (February 22, 2021): 20200133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0133.

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Ideologically committed minds form the basis of political polarization, but ideologically guided communication can further entrench and exacerbate polarization depending on the structures of ideologies and social network dynamics on which cognition and communication operate. Combining a well-established connectionist model of cognition and a well-validated computational model of social influence dynamics on social networks, we develop a new model of ideological cognition and communication on dynamic social networks and explore its implications for ideological political discourse. In particular, we explicitly model ideologically filtered interpretation of social information, ideological commitment to initial opinion, and communication on dynamically evolving social networks, and examine how these factors combine to generate ideologically divergent and polarized political discourse. The results show that ideological interpretation and commitment tend towards polarized discourse. Nonetheless, communication and social network dynamics accelerate and amplify polarization. Furthermore, when agents sever social ties with those that disagree with them (i.e. structure their social networks by homophily), even non-ideological agents may form an echo chamber and form a cluster of opinions that resemble an ideological group. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The political brain: neurocognitive and computational mechanisms’.
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Ellis, Richard J. "Polarization and presidentialism." Society 36, no. 3 (March 1999): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12115-999-1001-0.

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Clark, Kevin M., and Eric Bain-Selbo. "Tribalism and Compassion in the Age of a Pandemic." Soundings: An Interdisciplinary Journal 105, no. 2 (May 2022): 143–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/soundings.105.2.0143.

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Abstract This essay draws on resources in philosophy, psychology, and related social sciences—specifically, works by Joshua Greene, Jonathan Haidt, George Lakoff, and Martha Nussbaum—to analyze the moral and political dimensions of the recent polarization in the United States related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Three questions are addressed: (a) What psychological factors may have contributed to this polarization? (b) Why have conservatives and liberals taken the positions they have on issues relating to the pandemic (e.g., masks, economic reopening, vaccines, science)? and (c) How can we reduce this polarization and work more effectively with others to face societal challenges, despite our differences?
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Polarization (Social sciences)"

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Norton, Mike. "Papers on the polarization of Congress." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5ce87b5b-2d2f-403e-b2d4-85f23b2a14cc.

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This dissertation, a collection of independent papers, explores the polarization of the United States Congress through the lens of primary elections, campaign finance, and party structures during a pivotal moment in American political history. Paper 1 focuses on the top two primary format and its potential in producing moderate candidates and legislators, while Paper 2 expounds on the deleterious consequences it poses for the party system as a whole, particularly in this modern era of both high polarization and high fragmentation. Paper 3 examines the Downsian median voter theorem from the perspective of primary election voters, asking if general election wins/losses beget the nomination of more ideological/moderate nominees next cycle. Ultimately, the article illustrates that the parties instead retain consistent records through both election wins and losses, linked to credibility concerns from position changes as well as the inability of members to disentangle from national party identities. Its companion paper, Paper 4, takes that Downsian question to elites in Washington, D.C. Through original interviews with twenty-three individuals including former members of Congress, leadership, congressional staff, and think tank scholars, I describe the electoral and legislative pressures that prevent officeholders from responding to their median voter, especially among those in swing districts most exposed to the risks of partisan behavior. Paper 5, the final paper, brings together the themes of those preceding it by analyzing the ways in which outside interference, specifically political action committees and more inclusive primary elections, propagates legislative caucus fragmentation and weakens official leadership. This work plays one minor role in providing prescriptive steps to improve and empower channels of dialogue in the U.S. legislative brancha - in spite of larger systemic sorting along geographical and partisan lines - and ensure the mediation of ideology between voters and their elected representatives results in policy solutions rather than gridlock.
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Fadji, Sama Serena Dean. "What is the True Cost of Mass Polarization? : A Study of the Relationship Between Political Polarization and Trust in Political Institutions in the United States." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79954.

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Democracy is defined by the element of competition. Elite party competition has become one of the most discussed contemporary developments in the United States. Elected representatives from the main parties have become internally homogeneous, deepening the divide of ideologies between one another. This thesis seeks to establish the relationship between mass partisan polarization and the level of trust in political institutions across the United States. What happens when the public trusts the Elites more than Congress? Elite polarization has divided the masses so deeply in the U.S by electing representatives from the two major parties whom carry ideologies so distinct from another that the public begin change their ways of forming opinions. This thesis acknowledges that there is high elite and mass political polarization in the U.S., which is attributed to the heterogeneity in ideologies across the three main political parties (Democrats, Republicans and Independents) and intra-party homogeneity. The elite partisan theoretical framework expounds the relationship such that the public tends to hold a low level of trust towards the U.S. congress because majority of voters’ partisan motivated decision making is influenced by political endorsements. The implication is that the public is more likely to hold a considerable level of trust towards their political parties as opposed to the U.S. congress.
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Edwards, Marlene. "The social organization of a secondhand clothing store : informal strategies and social interaction amongst volunteer workers." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phe2655.pdf.

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Gallagher, Ryan. "Disentangling Discourse: Networks, Entropy, and Social Movements." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2017. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/724.

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Our daily online conversations with friends, family, colleagues, and strangers weave an intricate network of interactions. From these networked discussions emerge themes and topics that transcend the scope of any individual conversation. In turn, these themes direct the discourse of the network and continue to ebb and flow as the interactions between individuals shape the topics themselves. This rich loop between interpersonal conversations and overarching topics is a wonderful example of a complex system: the themes of a discussion are more than just the sum of its parts. Some of the most socially relevant topics emerging from these online conversations are those pertaining to racial justice issues. Since the shooting of Black teenager Michael Brown by White police officer Darren Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri, the protest hashtag #BlackLivesMatter has amplified critiques of extrajudicial shootings of Black Americans. In response to #BlackLivesMatter, other online users have adopted #AllLivesMatter, a counter-protest hashtag whose content argues that equal attention should be given to all lives regardless of race. Together these contentious hashtags each shape clashing narratives that echo previous civil rights battles and illustrate ongoing racial tension between police officers and Black Americans. These narratives have taken place on a massive scale with millions of online posts and articles debating the sentiments of "black lives matter" and "all lives matter." Since no one person could possibly read everything written in this debate, comprehensively understanding these conversations and their underlying networks requires us to leverage tools from data science, machine learning, and natural language processing. In Chapter 2, we utilize methodology from network science to measure to what extent #BlackLivesMatter and #AllLivesMatter are "slacktivist" movements, and the effect this has on the diversity of topics discussed within these hashtags. In Chapter 3, we precisely quantify the ways in which the discourse of #BlackLivesMatter and #AllLivesMatter diverge through the application of information-theoretic techniques, validating our results at the topic level from Chapter 2. These entropy-based approaches provide the foundation for powerful automated analysis of textual data, and we explore more generally how they can be used to construct a human-in-the-loop topic model in Chapter 4. Our work demonstrates that there is rich potential for weaving together social science domain knowledge with computational tools in the study of language, networks, and social movements.
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Barber, Jessica. "Attitudinal Responses to Mixed Evidence: The Role of Attitude Extremity and Political Ideology in Effecting Change versus Resistance." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/327.

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Four studies investigated the effects of attitude extremity and political ideology on the degree and direction of changes in issue attitudes following the presentation of mixed evidence. Based upon previous work, it was predicted that those holding relatively more extreme attitudes would resist changing those views when presented with a mixture of supporting and opposing statements and would potentially adopt more extreme evaluative positions – a phenomenon known as attitude polarization (Lord, Ross, & Lepper, 1979). Evaluative entrenchment or intensification was also expected among more politically conservative participants, based upon prior work describing cognitive rigidity and resistance to change as more characteristic of the political right than left (e.g., Jost, Glaser, Kruglanski, & Sulloway, 2003). An interaction of attitude extremity and political ideology was also hypothesized, such that liberal individuals with moderate attitudes were expected to demonstrate the least propensity to polarize. Participants’ attitudes regarding abortion rights (Study 1), gun control (Study 2), tax increases (Study 3), and environmental preservation (Study 4) were assessed before and after reading statements that both opposed and supported the issue. Political ideology was also assessed, along with several individual difference factors. Across all four studies, attitude extremity significantly predicted evaluative change, although the pattern of that effect varied. Political ideology did not emerge consistently as a predictor of attitude change; however, significant interactive effects of extremity and ideology were found. In addition, several individual difference factors (i.e., gender, need for cognition, issue importance) were found to moderate the effects of the primary predictors on attitude change, and some divergent result patterns were found when comparing data from a college and non-college sample in Study 4. Taken together, these studies provide evidence that attitude extremity and political ideology influence the degree and direction of evaluative change following the presentation of mixed evidence. In addition, they identify other factors at work in effecting change versus resistance, thereby highlighting the multi-faceted and complex nature of persuasion in a political context.
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Pobiega, Tim, and Filip Bertilsson. "En svensk höghastighetsjärnväg - receptet för tillväxt och regional jämlikhet?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23221.

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Sverige kan inom kort komma att stå inför sitt största och mest kostsamma byggprojekt genom tiderna - en höghastighetsjärnväg med målet att sammankoppla landets tre största städer. Höghastighetsjärnvägen kommer med säkerhet att ha stor inverkan på den fysiska miljön och på förutsättningarna för fortsatt tillväxt - både i regionerna som kommer innefattas i systemet och i regionerna som utelämnas. Denna uppsats belyser beslutsprocessen inom Sverigeförhandlingen, den förhandlingsprocess med bl.a. kommuner på vilken framtida politiska beslut ska baseras.Genom en djupgående dokumentstudie och flertalet intervjuer med processens nyckelaktörervisar denna uppsats att många av de argument som framhärdas av projektets tillskyndare är svåra att belägga. Mest problematisk framstår sättet på vilket de negligerar uppenbara spänningar som projektet sannolikt kommer resultera i - framförallt spänningar avseende förhållandet mellan nationell tillväxt och tilltagande geografisk polarisering. Vår studie understryker behovet av tydliga målsättningar i infrastrukturplaneringen för att kunna fastslå vilka åtgärder som har förutsättningar att generera de största samhälleliga nyttorna. Den typen av tydliga och transparenta målsättningar är någonting vi hävdar att Sverigeförhandlingen har misslyckats med att ställa upp.
Sweden is potentially facing its largest infrastructure project in modern days - a high-speed railway with the main goal of connecting the nation’s three largest cities. The high-speed railway is likely to have a great impact on the physical environment and on the precondition for continued growth - both in the regions which will be included in the railway system, and the regions that will not. This thesis sheds light on the process of decision making within Sverigeförhandlingen, a negotiation process with local governments on which future national political decisions will be based.Through a profound literature review and several interviews with key actors involved in theprocess, this thesis proves that many of the arguments used by the project’s advocates are difficult to substantiate. Most problematic seems to be the way in which they neglect obvious tensions that the project is likely to result in - especially tensions concerning the relationship between national growth and increased geographic polarization. Our study emphasizes the need for distinct goals in infrastructure planning in order to ascertain which measures generate the greatest societal benefits. This is something we argue that Sverigeförhandlingen has failed to do.
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Bergman, Fredrik. "Polariseringens geografi : Regionala effekter av finanskrisen 2008." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-148978.

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This paper documents macro-economic change in Swedish regional labor markets during the last great recession (2008). This is made by using Swedish macro-data and analyzing employment flows over the period 2003-2013. The findings point to the fact that there is great disparity in the geography both when it comes to how the regions resist crises and recoup in the aftermath (Resilience) and how the crisis effect the labor market and its momentum in the recovery phase (polarization). The findings indicate that the 2008 financial crisis affected the Swedish regional labor market in a polarized development. Regions that showed patterns of this behavior before the recession managed to go through the crisis and recoup well, whereas the regions that didn’t show a polarized pattern before 2008 had a much harder time recuperating after the crises. With these findings we can generate a more sophisticated knowledge how regional economies can resist and recoup after financial recessions and use this to reduce the impact of future recessions.
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Woodard, Niki L. "Red state, blue state, red news, blue news." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1961/3639.

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Michaelsen, Katherine. "Integrative Medicine: Cooperation or Polarization? : Integrating complementary and alternative medical practice in a biomedical environment: theory and practice." Thesis, Linköping University, Tema Health and Society, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-9603.

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Alongside the complementary and alternative medicine movements, a new concept is emerging: integrative medicine. Though more and more authors have begun to use this term, they use it to refer to widely varying concepts of health care. This study begins with a theoretical look at integration and continues with an examination of current integrative efforts. These general discussions are followed by the presentation of the situation in Sweden, and at the Vidarklinik in particular. Finally the study turns to an empirical study investigating the communication between the Vidarklinik and the outside biomedical system. The research suggests a much more comprehensive picture of integrative medicine than those put forward by most authors and finds that to create and maintain an integrative system, all the levels of health care must be actively engaged in the system and the entire spectrum of care must be coordinated for the patient. Attempts at integration are found in diverse local efforts, which are all limited by lack of cooperation between different levels of health care. The study of communication at the Vidarklinik in Sweden illustrates that communication is crucial between all levels of health care in order for even relatively localised efforts in integration, and further that various factors limit whom various individuals and groups can communicate with, while in-person dialogue mitigates some of these factors.

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James, Wynona Yvonne. "Imprint of Racism: A Phenomenological Study on White Adult Males' Exposure to Racial Antipathy, Historical Stereotypes, and Polarization Towards African Americans and Their Transformational Journey Towards Racial Reconciliation." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/117.

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Since the election of the first African American president in 2008, race relations have deteriorated in the United States. In May 2017, the emergence of the “alt-right” movement advocating for white nationalism caused further polarization between the races. This transcendental phenomenological research examined how white adult males’ exposure to racist ideologies influenced their perceptions towards African Americans, and how they emancipated from environments that promoted racist tenets. The study was guided by three research questions: How have white males been impacted by their exposure to racial antipathy and discrimination? What events or circumstances have white males experienced that led them to denouncing negative racial stereotypes and/or participation with hate groups? And, what efforts have they made to reconcile with individuals or groups they have harmed in the past? The literature review revealed racial conflict is a social phenomenon evolving from historical narratives posited by fear, social class, and white superiority. By employing qualitative data analysis, interviewing eight participants, and applying the theoretical lenses of critical race theory, social Darwinism, hate theory, and regenerative justice, the primary essence of the phenomenon acknowledged individuals are mentally and emotionally affected by negative historical narratives about racism. Six major themes evolved: 1) Familial Influences, 2) Southern White Experience, 3) Education and Race Relations, 4) Spiritual Convictions, 5) Immersion into the African American Experience, and 6) Physical and Mental Emancipation. The findings in this study contribute to the field of conflict resolution by advocating for advanced exploration into socio-psychology, racial reconciliation, and restorative justice.
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Books on the topic "Polarization (Social sciences)"

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V, O'Loughlin John, and Friedrichs Jürgen, eds. Social polarization in post-industrial metropolises. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1996.

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Keefer, Philip. Social polarization, political institutions, and country creditworthiness. Washington, D.C: World Bank, Investment Climate and Public Services Teams, Development Research Group, 2002.

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R, Sunstein Cass, and John F. Kennedy School of Government, eds. Extremism and social learning. Cambridge, Mass: John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2008.

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Lozada, Mireya. Polarización social y política en Venezuela y otros paises: Experiencias y desafíos. Caracas: Fundación Centro Gumilla, Universidad Católica Andrés Bello, 2011.

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Pyŏn, Yang-gyu. Yanggŭkhwa nonjaeng, kŭ ohae wa chinsil. Sŏul-si: Han'guk Kŏngje Yŏn'guwŏn, 2012.

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Institute, ISEAS-Yusof Ishak, ed. Social media and polarization in the "new Malaysia". Singapore: ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute, 2020.

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Kot, Stanisław Maciej. Polaryzacja ekonomiczna: Teoria i zastosowanie. Warszawa: Wydawn. Naukowe PWN, 2008.

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Yi, Ch'ang-gon. Han'guk sahoe yanggŭkhwa hyŏnsang kwa Pulgyo ŭi yŏkhal. Sŏul-si: Taehan Pulgyo Chogyejong Pulgyo Sahoe Yŏn'guso, 2012.

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Pennings, Paul. Verzuiling en ontzuiling: De lokale verschillen : opbouw, instandhouding en neergang van plaatselijke zuilen in verschillende delen van Nederland na 1880. Kampen: J.H. Kok, 1991.

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Baumer, Donald C. Parties, polarization, and democracy in the United States. Boulder: Paradigm Publishers, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Polarization (Social sciences)"

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Dai, Jianhua, and Shaoqiang Shen. "Research on factors influencing opinion polarization based on QCA algorithm." In Atlantis Highlights in Social Sciences, Education and Humanities, 75–85. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-276-7_10.

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van Exter, Martin P., Erwin Altewischer, and J. P. Woerdman. "Coherent Polarization Transfer through Sub-wavelength Hole Arrays." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 76–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04850-0_12.

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Al-Yasir, Yasir I. A., Naser Ojaroudi Parchin, Issa Elfergani, Raed A. Abd-Alhameed, James M. Noras, Jonathan Rodriguez, Amar Al-jzari, and Waleed I. Hammed. "A New Polarization-Reconfigurable Antenna for 5G Wireless Communications." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 431–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05195-2_42.

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Gao, Xiaofang, Caili Guo, and Shuo Chen. "Polarization-Space Based Interference Alignment for Cognitive Heterogeneous Cellular Network." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 99–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05490-8_10.

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Thieu, HuuCuong, and MinhNghia Pham. "An Improved Forest Height Inversion Method Using Dual-Polarization PolInSAR Data." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 233–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63083-6_18.

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Ma, Mengyuan, Kai Liu, Xiling Luo, and Tao Zhang. "Multi-view Polarization HRRP Target Recognition Based on Convolutional Neural Network." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 710–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67514-1_56.

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Huang, Jen-Fa, Chih-Ta Yen, and Bo-Hau Chen. "Optical CDMA with Embedded Spectral-Polarization Coding over Double Balanced Differential-Detector." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 441–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04648-3_33.

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Xavier, G. B., G. Vilela de Faria, T. Ferreira da Silva, G. P. Temporão, and J. P. von der Weid. "Two-Way Quantum Communication in a Single Optical Fiber with Active Polarization Compensation." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 125–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11731-2_16.

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Dall’Arche, Alberto, Andrea Tomaello, Cristian Bonato, and Paolo Villoresi. "On the Polarization Analysis of Optical Beams for Use in Quantum Communications between Earth and Space." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 291–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13618-4_21.

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Jofre, M., A. Gardelein, G. Anzolin, G. Molina-Terriza, J. P. Torres, M. W. Mitchell, and V. Pruneri. "100 MHz Amplitude and Polarization Modulated Optical Source for Free-Space Quantum Communications at 850 nm." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 297–304. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13618-4_22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Polarization (Social sciences)"

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Rychwalska, Agnieszka, and Magdalena Roszczyńska-Kurasińska. "Polarization on Social Media: When Group Dynamics Leads to Societal Divides." In Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2018.263.

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Sustikarini, Amalia. "Digital Democracy in Indonesia’s 2019 Election: Between Citizen Participation and Political Polarization." In International Conference on Agriculture, Social Sciences, Education, Technology and Health (ICASSETH 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200402.055.

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Zinovyeva, Alfiya. "DEVELOPMENT OF SYSTEM OF REGIONAL GOVERNANCEOF SPATIAL POLARIZATION (ON AN EXAMPLE OF A DIVERSIFICATION OF A HOTEL ECONOMY IN REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN AND MARI EL REPUBLIC)." In 4th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2017/14/s04.028.

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Dwiwina, R., S. Rachma, and M. Abid. "The Role of Social Media In Forming Political Polarization In Public (A Case Study on Universitas Negeri Jakarta Student on the Hashtag War Between #jokowi2periode and #2019gantipresiden on Twitter)." In Proceedings of the First Brawijaya International Conference on Social and Political Sciences, BSPACE, 26-28 November, 2019, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.26-11-2019.2295163.

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La Cava, Lucio, Domenico Mandaglio, and Andrea Tagarelli. "Polarization in Decentralized Online Social Networks." In Websci '24: 16th ACM Web Science Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3614419.3644013.

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Moisseev, Iouri Mikhailovich. "THE CAPABILITY OF SCIENCE TO GUIDE HUMAN SETTLEMENTS DEVELOPMENT." In Themed collection of papers from Foreign International Scientific Conference « Science in the Era of Challenges and Global Changes» Ьу НNRI «National development» in cooperation with AFP (Puerto Cabezas, Nicaragua). Мау 2023. - Caracas (Venezuela). Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/230527.2023.98.18.023.

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Not only have hopes of solving human settlements problems by reviving market forces failed to materialize, but they have also led to further economic polarization and social segregation. As a result, the human settlements planning and management system faces the enormous task of ensuring harmony in the post-globalized world. The question is raised about capability of science to provide the grounded program guidelines to justify the healthy and harmonious development of human settlements.
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Davies, Stephen. "The twin impact of homophily and accessibility on ideological polarization." In CSS 2017: CSSSA's Annual Conference on Computational Social Science. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3145574.3145586.

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Zhang, Su, Wen Guo, and Rui Huang. "A Comparative Study of Polarization Effects of Regional Innovation in China -- Calculation Based on TW Index." In Proceedings of the 2018 4th International Conference on Social Science and Higher Education (ICSSHE 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icsshe-18.2018.179.

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Huang, Rui, Su Zhang, and Wen Guo. "Optimization and Design of Regional Innovation Resources Allocation Strategy in China -- Based on the Measurement of Innovative Polarization Contribution." In Proceedings of the 2018 4th International Conference on Social Science and Higher Education (ICSSHE 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icsshe-18.2018.172.

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A. Buzzetto-Hollywood, Nicole, Austin J. Hill, and Troy Banks. "Early Findings of a Study Exploring the Social Media, Political and Cultural Awareness, and Civic Activism of Gen Z Students in the Mid-Atlantic United States [Abstract]." In InSITE 2021: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences. Informing Science Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4762.

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Aim/Purpose: This paper provides the results of the preliminary analysis of the findings of an ongoing study that seeks to examine the social media use, cultural and political awareness, civic engagement, issue prioritization, and social activism of Gen Z students enrolled at four different institutional types located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The aim of this study is to look at the group as a whole as well as compare findings across populations. The institutional types under consideration include a mid-sized majority serving or otherwise referred to as a traditionally white institution (TWI) located in a small coastal city on the Atlantic Ocean, a small Historically Black University (HBCU) located in a rural area, a large community college located in a county that is a mixture of rural and suburban and which sits on the border of Maryland and Pennsylvania, and graduating high school students enrolled in career and technical education (CTE) programs in a large urban area. This exploration is purposed to examine the behaviors and expectations of Gen Z students within a representative American region during a time of tremendous turmoil and civil unrest in the United States. Background: Over 74 million strong, Gen Z makes up almost one-quarter of the U.S. population. They already outnumber any current living generation and are the first true digital natives. Born after 1996 and through 2012, they are known for their short attention spans and heightened ability to multi-task. Raised in the age of the smart phone, they have been tethered to digital devices from a young age with most having the preponderance of their childhood milestones commemorated online. Often called Zoomers, they are more racially and ethnically diverse than any previous generation and are on track to be the most well-educated generation in history. Gen Zers in the United States have been found in the research to be progressive and pro-government and viewing increasing racial and ethnic diversity as positive change. Finally, they are less likely to hold xenophobic beliefs such as the notion of American exceptionalism and superiority that have been popular with by prior generations. The United States has been in a period of social and civil unrest in recent years with concerns over systematic racism, rampant inequalities, political polarization, xenophobia, police violence, sexual assault and harassment, and the growing epidemic of gun violence. Anxieties stirred by the COVID-19 pandemic further compounded these issues resulting in a powder keg explosion occurring throughout the summer of 2020 and leading well into 2021. As a result, the United States has deteriorated significantly in the Civil Unrest Index falling from 91st to 34th. The vitriol, polarization, protests, murders, and shootings have all occurred during Gen Z’s formative years, and the limited research available indicates that it has shaped their values and political views. Methodology: The Mid-Atlantic region is a portion of the United States that exists as the overlap between the northeastern and southeastern portions of the country. It includes the nation’s capital, as well as large urban centers, small cities, suburbs, and rural enclaves. It is one of the most socially, economically, racially, and culturally diverse parts of the United States and is often referred to as the “typically American region.” An electronic survey was administered to students from 2019 through 2021 attending a high school dual enrollment program, a minority serving institution, a majority serving institution, and a community college all located within the larger mid-Atlantic region. The survey included a combination of multiple response, Likert scaled, dichotomous, open ended, and ordinal questions. It was developed in the Survey Monkey system and reviewed by several content and methodological experts in order to examine bias, vagueness, or potential semantic problems. Finally, the survey was pilot tested prior to implementation in order to explore the efficacy of the research methodology. It was then modified accordingly prior to widespread distribution to potential participants. The surveys were administered to students enrolled in classes taught by the authors all of whom are educators. Participation was voluntary, optional, and anonymous. Over 800 individuals completed the survey with just over 700 usable results, after partial completes and the responses of individuals outside of the 18-24 age range were removed. Findings: Participants in this study overwhelmingly were users of social media. In descending order, YouTube, Instagram, Snapchat, Twitter, Facebook, Pinterest, WhatsApp, LinkedIn and Tik Tok were the most popular social media services reported as being used. When volume of use was considered, Instagram, Snapchat, YouTube and Twitter were the most cited with most participants reporting using Instagram and Snapchat multiple times a day. When asked to select which social media service they would use if forced to choose just one, the number one choice was YouTube followed by Instagram and Snapchat. Additionally, more than half of participants responded that they have uploaded a video to a video sharing site such as YouTube or Tik Tok. When asked about their familiarity with different technologies, participants overwhelmingly responded that they are “very familiar” with smart phones, searching the Web, social media, and email. About half the respondents said that they were “very familiar” with common computer applications such as the Microsoft Office Suite or Google Suite with another third saying that they were “somewhat familiar.” When asked about Learning Management Systems (LMS) like Blackboard, Course Compass, Canvas, Edmodo, Moodle, Course Sites, Google Classroom, Mindtap, Schoology, Absorb, D2L, itslearning, Otus, PowerSchool, or WizIQ, only 43% said they were “very familiar” with 31% responding that they were “somewhat familiar.” Finally, about half the students were either “very” or “somewhat” familiar with operating systems such as Windows. A few preferences with respect to technology in the teaching and learning process were explored in the survey. Most students (85%) responded that they want course announcements and reminders sent to their phones, 76% expect their courses to incorporate the use of technology, 71% want their courses to have course websites, and 71% said that they would rather watch a video than read a book chapter. When asked to consider the future, over 81% or respondents reported that technology will play a major role in their future career. Most participants considered themselves “informed” or “well informed” about current events although few considered themselves “very informed” or “well informed” about politics. When asked how they get their news, the most common forum reported for getting news and information about current events and politics was social media with 81% of respondents reporting. Gen Z is known to be an engaged generation and the participants in this study were not an exception. As such, it came as no surprise to discover that, in the past year more than 78% of respondents had educated friends or family about an important social or political issue, about half (48%) had donated to a cause of importance to them, more than a quarter (26%) had participated in a march or rally, and a quarter (26%) had actively boycotted a product or company. Further, about 37% consider themselves to be a social activist with another 41% responding that aren’t sure if they would consider themselves an activist and only 22% saying that they would not consider themselves an activist. When asked what issues were important to them, the most frequently cited were Black Lives Matter (75%), human trafficking (68%), sexual assault/harassment/Me Too (66.49%), gun violence (65.82%), women’s rights (65.15%), climate change (55.4%), immigration reform/deferred action for childhood arrivals (DACA) (48.8%), and LGBTQ+ rights (47.39%). When the schools were compared, there were only minor differences in social media use with the high school students indicating slightly more use of Tik Tok than the other participants. All groups were virtually equal when it came to how informed they perceived themselves about current events and politics. Consensus among groups existed with respect to how they get their news, and the community college and high school students were slightly more likely to have participated in a march, protest, or rally in the last 12 months than the university students. The community college and high school students were also slightly more likely to consider themselves social activists than the participants from either of the universities. When the importance of the issues was considered, significant differences based on institutional type were noted. Black Lives Matter (BLM) was identified as important by the largest portion of students attending the HBCU followed by the community college students and high school students. Less than half of the students attending the TWI considered BLM an important issue. Human trafficking was cited as important by a higher percentage of students attending the HBCU and urban high school than at the suburban and rural community college or the TWI. Sexual assault was considered important by the majority of students at all the schools with the percentage a bit smaller from the majority serving institution. About two thirds of the students at the high school, community college, and HBCU considered gun violence important versus about half the students at the majority serving institution. Women’s rights were reported as being important by more of the high school and HBCU participants than the community college or TWI. Climate change was considered important by about half the students at all schools with a slightly smaller portion reporting out the HBCU. Immigration reform/DACA was reported as important by half the high school, community college, and HBCU participants with only a third of the students from the majority serving institution citing it as an important issue. With respect to LGBTQ rights approximately half of the high school and community college participants cited it as important, 44.53% of the HBCU students, and only about a quarter of the students attending the majority serving institution. Contribution and Conclusion: This paper provides a timely investigation into the mindset of generation Z students living in the United States during a period of heightened civic unrest. This insight is useful to educators who should be informed about the generation of students that is currently populating higher education. The findings of this study are consistent with public opinion polls by Pew Research Center. According to the findings, the Gen Z students participating in this study are heavy users of multiple social media, expect technology to be integrated into teaching and learning, anticipate a future career where technology will play an important role, informed about current and political events, use social media as their main source for getting news and information, and fairly engaged in social activism. When institutional type was compared the students from the university with the more affluent and less diverse population were less likely to find social justice issues important than the other groups. Recommendations for Practitioners: During disruptive and contentious times, it is negligent to think that the abounding issues plaguing society are not important to our students. Gauging the issues of importance and levels of civic engagement provides us crucial information towards understanding the attitudes of students. Further, knowing how our students gain information, their social media usage, as well as how informed they are about current events and political issues can be used to more effectively communicate and educate. Recommendations for Researchers: As social media continues to proliferate daily life and become a vital means of news and information gathering, additional studies such as the one presented here are needed. Additionally, in other countries facing similarly turbulent times, measuring student interest, awareness, and engagement is highly informative. Impact on Society: During a highly contentious period replete with a large volume of civil unrest and compounded by a global pandemic, understanding the behaviors and attitudes of students can help us as higher education faculty be more attuned when it comes to the design and delivery of curriculum. Future Research This presentation presents preliminary findings. Data is still being collected and much more extensive statistical analyses will be performed.
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