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1
Palmer, Beth. "Sensation Fiction: New Directions." Victoriographies 12, no. 3 (November 2022): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/vic.2022.0467.
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2022 marks forty years since Patrick Brantlinger posed the question ‘What is Sensational About the Sensation Novel?’ Since then, scholars have continued to probe and extend early definitions of sensation fiction as a short-lived subgenre dealing with secret crimes taking place in genteel Victorian settings. Research on sensation fiction has developed apace, and scholars have developed approaches utilising methodologies from media studies, history of science, disability studies, and beyond. In doing so, they have greatly expanded the range of sensation novelists studied. Such research (benefitting from the enormous spread of digitisation since Brantlinger’s article) has also highlighted the significance of serialisation, adaptation, and experimentation in sensation fiction and the relationship between form and content has continued to be of interest. The past decade has also seen an interest in sensation as a global publishing phenomenon and this has led to scholars tackling more fully issues of race, racism, and national identity in sensation fiction. The articles in this issue build upon these recent interventions and seek to point out possible new paths in the study of sensation fiction.
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Sasso, Eleonora. "‘[T]his world is now thy pilgrimage’: William Michael Rossetti's Cognitive Maps of France and Italy." Victoriographies 8, no. 1 (March 2018): 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/vic.2018.0296.
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This paper takes as its starting point the conceptual metaphor ‘life is a journey’ as defined by Lakoff and Johnson (1980) in order to advance a new reading of William Michael Rossetti's Democratic Sonnets (1907). These political verses may be defined as cognitive-semantic poems, which attest to the centrality of travel in the creation of literary and artistic meaning. Rossetti's Democratic Sonnets is not only a political manifesto against tyranny and oppression, promoting the struggle for liberalism and democracy as embodied by historical figures such as Napoleon, Mazzini, Cavour, and Garibaldi; but it also reproduces Rossetti's real and imagined journeys throughout Europe in the late nineteenth century. This essay examines these references in light of the issues they raise, especially the poet as a traveller and the journey metaphor in poetry. But its central purpose is to re-read Democratic Sonnets as a cognitive map of Rossetti's mental picture of France and Italy. A cognitive map, first theorised by Edward Tolman in the 1940s, is a very personal representation of the environment that we all experience, serving to navigate unfamiliar territory, give direction, and recall information. In terms of cognitive linguistics, Rossetti is a figure whose path is determined by French and Italian landmarks (Paris, the island of St. Helena, the Alps, the Venice Lagoon, Mount Vesuvius, and so forth), which function as reference points for orientation and are tied to the historical events of the Italian Risorgimento. Through his sonnets, Rossetti attempts to build into his work the kind of poetic revolution and sense of history which may only be achieved through encounters with other cultures.
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Dent, Jonathan. "‘[T]he anguish and horror of her mind defied all control’: The Fragmented Manuscript and Representations of the Past in Ann Radcliffe's The Romance of the Forest (1791)." Victoriographies 2, no. 1 (May 2012): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/vic.2012.0057.
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Focusing on the Gothic trope of the discovered manuscript, this essay examines Ann Radcliffe's representations of the past in The Romance of the Forest ( 1791 ). Radcliffe's third Gothic novel is set in seventeenth-century Roman Catholic France, but was published in the immediate aftermath of the French Revolution. The narrative follows the plight of its orphan heroine, Adeline, who finds herself taking refuge in a ruined abbey located in a gloomy French forest under the protection of Pierre de la Motte (a Frenchman fleeing Paris with his family). During her stay, Adeline enters a secret room and unearths a decaying manuscript. From this point onwards, the narrative is interspersed with fragments of the script, which records the harrowing experiences of someone who was murdered there many years ago. Concentrating on the manuscript and Radcliffe's utilisation of the Burkean sublime for historical purposes, this paper contends that The Romance of the Forest can be read as a complex response to shifting notions of history engendered by the outbreak of the French Revolution. What does Radcliffe's representation of the script reveal about the past and to what extent are her historical attitudes shaped by the culturally chaotic events of the early 1790s?
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Scott, Jennifer. "The Angel in the Publishing House: Authorial Self-Fashioning, Gender, and Orphanhood in Marie Corelli's Innocent." Victoriographies 9, no. 2 (July 2019): 184–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/vic.2019.0341.
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The best-selling Victorian novelist Marie Corelli (1855–1924) is a literary figure enmeshed in contradictions. Famously refusing to identify as a New Woman writer, she was known for her womanly heroines and her own ultra-feminine style of dress. She shunned press photographers and ferociously protected her privacy. But Corelli was equally ferocious in her ambition for literary success and fame, and she does not altogether fit in with those women writers of the nineteenth century who staged an outer show of dominant domestic vocation and cast their fame as an unsought consequence of their natural genius. Through examination of Corelli's self-fashioned orphanhood, this article seeks to highlight her as an example of a fin-de-siècle woman writer who resisted consignment to the transgressive New Woman image and more traditional gender roles. Taking Corelli's critically neglected 1914 novel Innocent: Her Fancy and His Fact as its focal point, and analysing the success of her self-fashioning by drawing upon the remembrances of members of Corelli's local community in Stratford-upon-Avon, recorded as part of the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust's Oral History Project, this article explores the ways in which Corelli strengthened her orphan identity in her later fiction and, in so doing, strove to legitimise female authorship and celebrity.
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Franchetti, Laura. "Frederic Leighton's Flaming June, Thermodynamics, and the Heat Death of the Sun." Victoriographies 11, no. 2 (July 2021): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/vic.2021.0418.
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At the close of the nineteenth century, amid pervasive fears of decadence and widespread pessimism, Frederic Leighton (1830–96) completed Flaming June (1895). Taking as its starting point Victorian responses to the work that seem incomprehensible to viewers today, this paper examines the possible meaning behind Flaming June's more impenetrable iconography. The following discussion highlights the significance of thermodynamics in the work's cultural context. It examines the impact of an implication of the second law of thermodynamics, known as the Sun's heat death – a fated apocalyptic event – and suggests that this resonated with late Victorian audiences plagued by concerns of degeneration and decadence. Considered within this context, this paper reveals further layers of meaning embedded within the imagery of Flaming June available to a Victorian audience, but which have since been eclipsed by a dominant focus on other aspects of the painting's cultural milieu.
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Clarke, Laura H. "The Legend of the Legion: Nihilism and the Restoration of the Aristocracy in Ouida’s Under Two Flags." Victoriographies 12, no. 2 (July 2022): 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/vic.2022.0455.
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Ouida’s Under Two Flags (1867) is not a widely read Victorian novel today, but it is offers important insight into the philosophical concerns of a novelist who was hugely popular in her time. In Under Two Flags, Ouida explores what she saw as the epistemological problem developing in the nineteenth century, a nihilistic view that promoted scepticism, aestheticism, and idleness, which is a perspective she believed was responsible for the demise of the aristocracy. Wishing to restore the power and position of the aristocracy, Ouida sends her protagonist Bertie Cecil, a dandy who embodies the aestheticism and ennui of the upper class, to the French Foreign Legion in order to make an important social and psychological point. Ouida draws upon the legend that the French Foreign Legion rehabilitated its wayward recruits to present a society in which something is demanded of Bertie and where he rises to that demand. Symbolically speaking, Bertie regains his inheritance and his title in the novel only after a radical transformation that restores him, and by implication the aristocracy, to a foundational moral and chivalrous code.
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Wu, Z. Y., G. H. Lu, L. Wen, and C. A. Lin. "Reconstructing and analyzing China's fifty-nine year (1951–2009) drought history using hydrological model simulation." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 9 (September 15, 2011): 2881–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2881-2011.
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Abstract. The 1951–2009 drought history of China is reconstructed using daily soil moisture values generated by the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) land surface macroscale hydrology model. VIC is applied over a grid of 10 458 points with a spatial resolution of 30 km × 30 km, and is driven by observed daily maximum and minimum air temperature and precipitation from 624 long-term meteorological stations. The VIC soil moisture is used to calculate the Soil Moisture Anomaly Percentage Index (SMAPI), which can be used as a measure of the severity of agricultural drought on a global basis. We have developed a SMAPI-based drought identification procedure for practical uses in the identification of both grid point and regional drought events. As a result, a total of 325 regional drought events varying in time and strength are identified from China's nine drought study regions. These drought events can thus be assessed quantitatively at different spatial and temporal scales. The result shows that the severe drought events of 1978, 2000 and 2006 are well reconstructed, which indicates that the SMAPI is capable of identifying the onset of a drought event, its progression, as well as its termination. Spatial and temporal variations of droughts in China's nine drought study regions are studied. Our result shows that on average, up to 30% of the total area of China is prone to drought. Regionally, an upward trend in drought-affected areas has been detected in three regions (Inner Mongolia, Northeast and North) from 1951–2009. However, the decadal variability of droughts has been weak in the rest of the five regions (South, Southwest, East, Northwest, and Tibet). Xinjiang has even been showing steadily wetter since the 1950s. Two regional dry centres are discovered in China as the result of a combined analysis on the occurrence of drought events from both grid points and drought study regions. The first centre is located in the area partially covered by the North and the Northwest, which extends to the southeastern portion of Inner Mongolia and the southwest part of Northeast. The second one is found on the central to southern portion of the South. Our study demonstrates the applicability and the value of using modeled soil moisture for reconstructing drought histories, and the SMAPI is useful for analyzing drought at different spatial and temporal scales.
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Wu, Z. Y., G. H. Lu, L. Wen, and C. A. Lin. "Reconstructing and analyzing China's fifty-nine year (1951–2009) drought history using hydrological model simulation." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 8, no. 1 (February 10, 2011): 1861–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-8-1861-2011.
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Abstract. The recent fifty-nine year (1951–2009) drought history of China is reconstructed using daily soil moisture values generated by the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) land surface macroscale hydrology model. VIC is applied over a grid of 10 458 points with a spatial resolution of 30 km × 30 km, and is driven by observed daily maximum and minimum air temperature and precipitation from 624 long-term meteorological stations. The VIC soil moisture is used to calculate the Soil Moisture Anomaly Percentage Index (SMAPI), which can be used as a measure of the severity of agricultural drought on a global basis. We develop a SMAPI-based drought identification procedure for practical uses in the identification of both grid point and regional drought events. As the result, a total of 325 regional drought events varying in time and strength are identified from China's nine drought study regions. These drought events can thus be assessed quantitatively at different spatial and temporal scales. The result shows that the severe drought events of 1978, 2000 and 2006 are well reconstructed, indicating SMAPI is capable of indentifying the onset of a drought event, its progressing, as well as its ending. Spatial and temporal variations of droughts on China's nine drought study regions are studied. Our result shows that on average, up to 30% of the total area of China is prone to drought. Regionally, an upward trend in drought-affected areas has been detected in three regions Inner Mongolia, Northeast and North during the recent fifty-nine years. However, the decadal variability of droughts has been week in the rest five regions South, Southwest, East, Northwest, and Tibet. Xinjiang has even been wetting steadily since the 1950s. Two regional dry centers are discovered in China as the result of a combined analysis on the occurrence of drought events from both grid points and drought study regions. The first center is located in the area partially covered by two drought study regions North and Northwest, which extends to the southeastern portion of Inner Mongolia and the southwest part of Northeast. The second one is found in the central to southern portion of the drought study region South. Our study demonstrates the applicability and the value of using modeled soil moisture for reconstructing drought histories, and SMAPI is useful to analyzing drought at different spatial and temporal scales.
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Shaughnessy, Robert. "Twentieth-Century Fox: Volpone's Metamorphosis." Theatre Research International 27, no. 1 (February 14, 2002): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883302001049.
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Since it was restored to the English theatre during the 1930s, Volpone has enjoyed a unique currency amongst Ben Jonson's works; it has had a more consistent and successful performance history than any other of his plays. Although its beast fable scheme has apparently rendered it more immediately accessible (and allegedly more universal) than the author's humours comedies, it has also provoked responses of ambivalence and unease, in that its coupling of the animal and the human actively unsettles the ethical relations between nature, culture, economics and morality that the allegory ostensibly intends to clarify. In performance, the play has given rise to a critical discourse of vituperation, deviance and excess which reflects the tensions and contradictions endemic to the cultural vocabulary of anthropomorphism. Theatre practice has dealt with the play's problems and provocations by incorporating the image of the animal into an inclusive, consensual and predominantly realist mode of characterization and mise en scène. A notable exception was in 1968, when Tyrone Guthrie directed a production for the National Theatre at the Old Vic which literalized animal identities to the point of excess. The result was a radically contradictory rethinking of the play, and of the performance vocabularies which have been, and can be, deployed to animate it.
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Holland, Jacob G., Florian S. Guidat, and Andrew F. G. Bourke. "Queen control of a key life-history event in a eusocial insect." Biology Letters 9, no. 3 (June 23, 2013): 20130056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0056.
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In eusocial insects, inclusive fitness theory predicts potential queen–worker conflict over the timing of events in colony life history. Whether queens or workers control the timing of these events is poorly understood. In the bumble-bee Bombus terrestris , queens exhibit a ‘switch point’ in which they switch from laying diploid eggs yielding females (workers and new queens) to laying haploid eggs yielding males. By rearing foundress queens whose worker offspring were removed as pupae and sexing their eggs using microsatellite genotyping, we found that queens kept in the complete absence of adult workers still exhibit a switch point. Moreover, the timing of their switch points relative to the start of egg-laying did not differ significantly from that of queens allowed to produce normal colonies. The finding that bumble-bee queens can express the switch point in the absence of workers experimentally demonstrates queen control of a key life-history event in eusocial insects. In addition, we found no evidence that workers affect the timing of the switch point either directly or indirectly via providing cues to queens, suggesting that workers do not fully express their interests in queen–worker conflicts over colony life history.
11
Beal, Timothy. "Reception History and Beyond: Toward the Cultural History of Scriptures." Biblical Interpretation 19, no. 4-5 (April 16, 2011): 357–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156851511x595530.
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After highlighting the substantial gains made by the reception historical approach, this article proceeds to point out some of its inherent limitations, particularly when applied to biblical texts. In attending to the material-aesthetic dimensions of biblical texts, media, and ideas of the Bible, especially in dialogue with anthropological, material-historical, and media-historical approaches, these limitations become acute and call for a harder cultural turn than is possible from a strictly reception-historical approach. This article proposes to move beyond reception history to cultural history, from research into how biblical texts and the Bible itself are received to how they are culturally produced as discursive objects. Such a move would involve a double turn in the focus of biblical scholarship and interpretation: from hermeneutical reception to cultural production, and from interpreting scripture via culture to interpreting culture, especially religious culture, via its productions of scripture. As such, it would bring biblical research into fuller and more significant dialogue with other fields of comparative scriptural studies, religious studies, and the academic humanities and social sciences in general.
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Casadei, Delia. "Vico Signifying Nothing." Representations 154, no. 1 (2021): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2021.154.10.129.
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This essay offers a reconsideration of Giambattista Vico’s work for scholars interested in history, sound, and aurality. It takes as its point of departure the chronological table that stands at the opening of The New Science, homing in on its blind spots, raw absences, and tangled claims to objectivity. Vico’s understanding of history relies—this essay goes on to argue—on a lively world of aural metaphors involved in the act of its writing: imaginary sounds, meaningless speech, false listenings, along with invented onomatopoeic etymologies. Such unruly sounds lead us to a crucial paradox of Viconian history, one that must confront all historians invested in retrieving and rewriting the stories of those who are lost, erased, and unrepresented: what role does imagination play in the writing of history? Can human invention, imagination, and even falsehood lead us toward new historical findings? The essay closes with a gloss of Vico’s nascent theory of the physical and aural phenomenon of laughter, presented in the Vici vindiciae as a complex pathway between humanity and animality and, what’s more, as a historical interface between incommensurable stages of creaturely life.
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Singh, Bhrigupati. "“IN YOUR WRITING I AM EXISTED”: READING THE HISTORY OF ANTHROPOLOGY VIA TEXTURES OF THE ORDINARY." Sociologia & Antropologia 11, no. 3 (December 2021): 1079–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2238-38752021v11314.
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Abstract In this essay I try to suggest a non-teleological way of reading the history of anthropology, by placing Veena Das’s Textures of the ordinary (2020) in relation to her previous books, beginning with Structure and cognition: aspects of Hindu caste and ritual (1977). Rather than a teleological movement from structuralism to “post-structuralism” or “self-reflexive” work, I point to the continuation and transfiguration of the concepts of structure and event across Das’s different books, as a way of also imagining movements within social theory more broadly, without each successive “paradigm” having to dialectically negate its predecessor. Further, I ask what it means to age or to “mature” within a body of scholarly work, and how we might take an author to be growing simultaneously older and younger, if we take aging in thought not necessarily to be solely a question of chronology or teleology.
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Saklani, Dinesh Prasad. "Buderas—A Pastoralist Community of High Himalayan Society: Migration, Identity, Existence and Belief." Indian Historical Review 48, no. 2 (October 17, 2021): 331–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03769836211051647.
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Buderas are inhabitants of Gangi, Pinswar and Ginwali, three villages in Tehri district of Uttarakhand. They are basically grazers, who, at a certain point of time in history, migrated from Kashmir via Himachal Pradesh. The migration and settlement of Buderas is very interesting, being interwoven with the tale of their deity. They, in general, follow Hinduism, only in certain aspects but are specifically devoted to their deity Somesu or Samosa, as they call it. Somesu is the focal point of their life and society. In the present article, which is based on my field study of Gangi village in Tehri district of Garhwal, way back in 1999, the focus is on the rituals and worship related to Somesu for the well-being of the cattle folk of the Buderas. How they propitiate and please the deity for taking care of their cattle folk, while away in pastures for months and months, are focal points of the present article. The element of change and continuity in the performance of the rituals and religion is also highlighted in the this article.
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Kim, Minseok, Hwanjun Song, Doyoung Kim, Kijung Shin, and Jae-Gil Lee. "PREMERE: Meta-Reweighting via Self-Ensembling for Point-of-Interest Recommendation." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 5 (May 18, 2021): 4164–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i5.16539.
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Point-of-interest (POI) recommendation has become an important research topic in these days. The user check-in history used as the input to POI recommendation is very imbalanced and noisy because of sparse and missing check-ins. Although sample reweighting is commonly adopted for addressing this challenge with the input data, its fixed weighting scheme is often inappropriate to deal with different characteristics of users or POIs. Thus, in this paper, we propose PREMERE, an adaptive weighting scheme based on meta-learning. Because meta-data is typically required by meta-learning but is inherently hard to obtain in POI recommendation, we self-generate the meta-data via self-ensembling. Furthermore, the meta-model architecture is extended to deal with the scarcity of check-ins. Thorough experiments show that replacing a weighting scheme with PREMERE boosts the performance of the state-of-the-art recommender algorithms by 2.36–26.9% on three benchmark datasets.
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Adhikari, S., M. I. Friswell, and Y. Lei. "Modal Analysis of Nonviscously Damped Beams." Journal of Applied Mechanics 74, no. 5 (August 15, 2006): 1026–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2712315.
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Linear dynamics of Euler–Bernoulli beams with nonviscous nonlocal damping is considered. It is assumed that the damping force at a given point in the beam depends on the past history of velocities at different points via convolution integrals over exponentially decaying kernel functions. Conventional viscous and viscoelastic damping models can be obtained as special cases of this general damping model. The equation of motion of the beam with such a general damping model results in a linear partial integro-differential equation. Exact closed-form equations of the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the beam are derived. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the new results.
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Podlesnaya, Maria A., Gallina V. Soloviova, and Ilona V. Il`ina. "Historical memory: schoolchildren and students about the history of Russia." VESTNIK INSTITUTA SOTZIOLOGII 12, no. 2 (2021): 55–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/vis.2021.12.2.711.
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The article raises the problem of preserving national identity in the context of hybridisation / universalisation of the values of the Russian youth. In this regard, the concept of "historical memory" is applied to the data of two studies carried out in schools and five universities (both at the capital and regional level). The purpose of the article is to assess the content and vector of historical knowledge of students about their country, the attitude to this knowledge among young people and adolescents at different educational levels. The process of continuity of school and university education in the national history is considered, the points of breaks are revealed. A general assessment is given on which periods of Russian history retain the connection with the young generations of Russians, and on which ones go into the past, revealing the main narratives of historical memory. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. the continuity and general assessment among schoolchildren and university students is maintained in relation to at least two events in the Russian history - the Great Patriotic War of 1941–45 and the historical figure of Peter I as the first emperor of Russia, who turned the country to the West and made a breakthrough in its modernization; 2. there is a gap in historical memory in relation to events associated with the period of Ancient Rus, a connection with the Soviet past is revealed; schoolchildren even single out the Soviet period as the most interesting and memorable; 3. there are gaps in the continuity of historical knowledge at the level of school and university education, this concerns, for example, such an event as “the annexation of Crimea to Russia in 2014”; 4. among schoolchildren dominates (58%) a group of students who are proud of the country history, whilst there is a group of those who are indifferent to their history or express negative assessments (8%) and have a neutral attitude to the history of Russia (34%), there is a high percentage (76%) of those who believe that there are different events in the history of Russia and it is important to remember the “dark” pages of one´s own history; 5. as a result, we see young people behaving differently depending on the age, who, for some reason, began to doubt their country and are ashamed of its past, but at the same time are ready to participate in the country's transformations.
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Chen, Liang, Xiudi Han, YanLi Li, Chunxiao Zhang, and Xiqian Xing. "Derivation and validation of a prediction rule for mortality of patients with respiratory virus-related pneumonia (RV-p score)." Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease 14 (January 2020): 175346662095378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753466620953780.
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Background: Respiratory viruses are important etiologies of community-acquired pneumonia. However, current knowledge on the prognosis of respiratory virus-related pneumonia (RV-p) is limited. Thus, here we aimed to establish a clinical predictive model for mortality of patients with RV-p. Methods: A total of 1431 laboratory-confirmed patients with RV-p, including 1169 and 262 patients from respective derivation and validation cohorts from five teaching hospitals in China were assessed between January 2010 and December 2019. A prediction rule was established on the basis of risk factors for 30-day mortality of patients with RV-p from the derivation cohort using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: The 30-day mortality of patients with RV-p was 16.8% (241/1431). The RV-p score was composed of nine predictors (including respective points of mortality risk): (a) age ⩾65 years (1 point); (b) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1 point); (c) mental confusion (1 point); (d) blood urea nitrogen (1 point); (e) cardiovascular disease (2 points); (f) smoking history (2 points); (g) arterial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspiration oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) < 250 mmHg (2 points); (h) lymphocyte counts <0.8 × 109/L (2 points); (i) arterial PH < 7.35 (3 points). A total of six points was used as the cut-off value for mortality risk stratification. Our model showed a sensitivity of 0.831 and a specificity of 0.783. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was more prominent for RV-p scoring [0.867, 95% confidence interval (CI)0.846–0.886] when compared with both pneumonia severity index risk (0.595, 95% CI 0.566–0.624, p < 0.001) and CURB-65 scoring (0.739, 95% CI 0.713–0.765, p < 0.001). Conclusion: RV-p scoring was able to provide a good predictive accuracy for 30-day mortality, which accounted for a more effective stratification of patients with RV-p into relevant risk categories and, consequently, help physicians to make more rational clinical decisions. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
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Hall, A. Brad, Shannon Hasara, and Phillip Coker. "Identification of a branchial cleft anomaly via handheld point-of-care ultrasound." Journal of Ultrasonography 22, no. 88 (February 8, 2022): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/jou.2022.0012.
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Aim of the study: Branchial anomalies result from incomplete obliteration of the branchial arch structures during embryogenesis. Second branchial arch anomalies are commonly found on the lower third of the neck, with an opening at the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and may drain secretions or purulent material. This case demonstrates the use of handheld point-of-care ultrasound to aid in the diagnosis of a branchial anomaly. Case description: The patient presented with a “hole” in the neck with intermittent drainage from the site. A 2 mm defect in the skin was noted anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. A handheld ultrasound system was used to identify a well-defined, hypoechoic, cyst-like structure. Given the history, physical findings, and point-of-care ultrasound imaging, the diagnosis of a second branchial cleft sinus was made. Conclusions: The use of point-of-care ultrasound and knowledge of the sonographic characteristics of these lesions can assist the physician in the diagnosis of branchial arch anomalies.
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Gephardt, Katarina. "Pandemic Consciousness and Narrative Perspective in Sheri Holman’s The Dress Lodger." Victoriographies 11, no. 2 (July 2021): 185–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/vic.2021.0422.
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Sheri Holman’s neo-Victorian novel The Dress Lodger (1999 ) depicts the beginning of the 1831 cholera epidemic in Britain. The novel skilfully manipulates the conventions of nineteenth-century realism and neo-Victorian fiction to test the limits of readerly empathy and its foundations in the conception of the liberal subject as disembodied and disinterested. Although the novel seems ‘faux-Victorian’ and apparently encourages immersion in the story and identification with the central characters, metaphorical uses of language and shifting points of view disrupt such comfortable ways of reading, challenging the readers’ tendency to derive pleasure from representations of working-class suffering. Through complex characterisation of the protagonists, the factory and sex worker Gustine and the doctor Henry Chiver, the narrative exposes the violence of representation through parallels with medical discourse. This essay argues that Holman’s experimentation with narrative strategies ultimately suggests the need for a pandemic consciousness that transcends the clashing responses to the cholera epidemic and cultivates an awareness of global interdependence. The possibility of such pandemic consciousness is conveyed through ‘the Great Narration’ by the novel’s unconventional intradiegetic narrator, the working-class Dead, whose bodies were stolen by doctors for the purposes of dissection.
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Tehseem, Tazanfal, Saba Zulfiqar, and Rabia Faiz. "Reviewing Power Politics and Populism in IK’s Pakistan: A Personal History." Global Political Review VII, no. I (March 30, 2022): 48–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2022(vii-i).06.
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This paper aims to explore the structural ways employed by a Pakistani politician to convince the readers of his socio-political stance on Pakistan from its independence to the present age. For this purpose, the generic analysis (Martin, 2008) has been employed which in turn explains how a narrator is successful in the construction of an argument and realigning the reader with his own point of view. The broader methodology includes how the narrator inter personally interacts with the readership, ideationally shares references and textually builds his arguments in the text. The microscopic construal of those meta functions has been supported by Systemic Functional Linguistics (Halliday and Matthiessen, 2014), whereas, the genre has a particular configuration of those listed meta functions. Therefore,the data for the present study builds on the selected texts from 'Imran Khan Pakistan: A personal history by Imran Khan. The findings show that by standing on power, the narrator aligns the readers through negotiation and constructs his argument by giving references towards the history and his own experiences.
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van der Meulen, Eric. "The European Library – history, technique and user expectations." Interlending & Document Supply 35, no. 3 (August 21, 2007): 154–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02641610710780827.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the single point of access to the collections of the European National Libraries via The European Library.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a description of The European Library.FindingsThe emphasis in this article is on user expectations with regards to access, but more importantly to the content behind the record. It describes how the European Library is responding to these expectations, rather than a general description of developments.Originality/valueThe paper provides a useful overview.
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Legrandjacques, Sara. "Go East! 1905 as a Turning Point for the Transnational History of Vietnamese Education." TRaNS: Trans -Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia 8, no. 2 (October 14, 2020): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/trn.2020.13.
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AbstractThis paper discusses the year 1905 as an educational watershed in colonial Vietnam. It focuses on the development of student mobility that transcended colonial and imperial boundaries and gave new momentum to educational training on a transnational scale. In the mid-1900s, the anti-colonial mandarin Phan Bội Châu launched a new nationalist movement called Đông Du, meaning ‘Going East.’ It centred on sending young men to Japan via Hong Kong to train them as effective anti-French activists. These students came from Tonkin, Annam, and Cochinchina and enrolled in a variety of curricula. Although this initiative collapsed in the late 1900s, it remained a watershed. Regional mobility did not disappear afterwards but mostly redirected itself towards China. This paper brings a great diversity of material face-to-face, including governmental archives and biographies, and challenges the colonial-based vision of Vietnamese education by highlighting its regional dimension, from the early twentieth century to the outset of the Second World War.
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Yu, Yue, Emily J. Smith, and Carter T. Butts. "Retrospective Network Imputation from Life History Data: The Impact of Designs." Sociological Methodology 50, no. 1 (February 26, 2020): 131–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0081175020905624.
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Retrospective life history designs are among the few practical approaches for collecting longitudinal network information from large populations, particularly in the context of relationships like sexual partnerships that cannot be measured via digital traces or documentary evidence. While all such designs afford the ability to “peer into the past” vis-à-vis the point of data collection, little is known about the impact of the specific design parameters on the time horizon over which such information is useful. In this article, we investigate the effect of two different survey designs on retrospective network imputation: (1) intervalN, where subjects are asked to provide information on all partners within the past [Formula: see text] time units; and (2) lastK, where subjects are asked to provide information about their [Formula: see text] most recent partners. We simulate a “ground truth” sexual partnership network using a published model of Krivitsky (2012), and we then sample this data using the two retrospective designs under various choices of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We examine the accumulation of missingness as a function of time prior to interview, and we investigate the impact of this missingness on model-based imputation of the state of the network at prior time points via conditional ERGM prediction. We quantitatively show that—even setting aside problems of alter identification and informant accuracy—choice of survey design and parameters used can drastically change the amount of missingness in the dataset. These differences in missingness have a large impact on the quality of retrospective parameter estimation and network imputation, including important effects on properties related to disease transmission.
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Armstrong, David. "The social life of data points: Antecedents of digital technologies." Social Studies of Science 49, no. 1 (January 12, 2019): 102–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312718821726.
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Recent technological advances such as microprocessors and random-access memory have had a significant role in gathering, storing and processing digital data, but the basic principles underpinning such data management were established in the century preceding the digital revolution. This paper maps the emergence of those older technologies to show that the logic and imperative for the surveillance potential of more recent digital technologies was laid down in a pre-digital age. The paper focuses on the development of the data point from its use in punch cards in the late 19th century through its manipulation in ideas about correlation to its collection via self-completion questionnaires. Some ways in which medicine and psychology have taken up and deployed the technology of data points are used as illustrative exemplars. The paper concludes with a discussion of the role of data points in defining human identity.
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Grote, Georg. "Endeavour and Responsibility of the Historian – Creating an Archive of Ego Documents in Regions of Highly Contested Memories." Vjesnik Istarskog arhiva 28 (2021): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31726/via.28.7.
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The Irish folklore collection is a national social archive and has been an important focal point and a stabilizing influence on the development of the Irish collective identity after the foundation of the Irish Free State in 1922. This historic blueprint has been adapted and modified to fulfill a similar role in the emerging collective identity of South Tyrol in Northern Italy, where a challenging minority issue was pacified through far-reaching concessions and a regional political and cultural autonomy. This contribution outlines that establishing a social archive in this area of contested memories and conflicting interpretations of the history of the 20th century poses many challenges to the historian, ranging from the respect for individual recollections to the adoption of internationally accepted interpretations of the Fascist past in Germany and Italy. It concludes that despite these challenges, a social archive might be the appropriate instrument to foster reconciliation and mutual understanding.
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Truccolo, Wilson, and John P. Donoghue. "Nonparametric Modeling of Neural Point Processes via Stochastic Gradient Boosting Regression." Neural Computation 19, no. 3 (March 2007): 672–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.2007.19.3.672.
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Statistical nonparametric modeling tools that enable the discovery and approximation of functional forms (e.g., tuning functions) relating neural spiking activity to relevant covariates are desirable tools in neuroscience. In this article, we show how stochastic gradient boosting regression can be successfully extended to the modeling of spiking activity data while preserving their point process nature, thus providing a robust nonparametric modeling tool. We formulate stochastic gradient boosting in terms of approximating the conditional intensity function of a point process in discrete time and use the standard likelihood of the process to derive the loss function for the approximation problem. To illustrate the approach, we apply the algorithm to the modeling of primary motor and parietal spiking activity as a function of spiking history and kinematics during a two-dimensional reaching task. Model selection, goodness of fit via the time rescaling theorem, model interpretation via partial dependence plots, ranking of covariates according to their relative importance, and prediction of peri-event time histograms are illustrated and discussed. Additionally, we use the tenfold cross-validated log likelihood of the modeled neural processes (67 cells) to compare the performance of gradient boosting regression to two alternative approaches: standard generalized linear models (GLMs) and Bayesian P-splines with Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling. In our data set, gradient boosting outperformed both Bayesian P-splines (in approximately 90% of the cells) and GLMs (100%). Because of its good performance and computational efficiency, we propose stochastic gradient boosting regression as an off-the-shelf nonparametric tool for initial analyses of large neural data sets (e.g., more than 50 cells; more than 105 samples per cell) with corresponding multidimensional covariate spaces (e.g., more than four covariates). In the cases where a functional form might be amenable to a more compact representation, gradient boosting might also lead to the discovery of simpler, parametric models.
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AVRAM, F., D. MATEI, and Y. Q. ZHAO. "ON MULTISERVER RETRIAL QUEUES: HISTORY, OKUBO-TYPE HYPERGEOMETRIC SYSTEMS AND MATRIX CONTINUED-FRACTIONS." Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research 31, no. 02 (April 2014): 1440001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217595914400016.
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In this paper, we study two families of QBD processes with linear rates: (a) the multiserver retrial queue and its easier relative; and (b) the multiserver M/M/∞ Markov modulated queue. The linear rates imply that the stationary probabilities satisfy a recurrence with linear coefficients; as known from previous work, they yield a"minimal/nondominant" solution of this recurrence, which may be computed numerically by matrix continued-fraction methods. Furthermore, the generating function of the stationary probabilities satisfies a linear differential system with polynomial coefficients, which calls for the venerable but still developing theory of holonomic (or D-finite) linear differential systems. We provide a differential system for our generating function that unifies problems (a) and (b), and we also include some additional features and observe that in at least one particular case we get a special "Okubo-type hypergeometric system", a family that recently spurred considerable interest.The differential system should allow further study of the Taylor coefficients of the expansion of the generating function at three points of interest: (i) the irregular singularity at 0; (ii) the dominant regular singularity, which yields asymptotic series via classic methods like the Frobenius vector expansion; and (iii) the point 1, whose Taylor series coefficients are the factorial moments.
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Beshara, Robert K. "Psychoanalysis, Clinic and Context: Subjectivity, History and Autobiography." Language and Psychoanalysis 8, no. 2 (August 5, 2019): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7565/10.7565/landp.v8i2.1600.
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Structure was a key signifier, and a logical quilting point, informing Jacques Lacan’s return to Freud, which amounted to his reinvention of the unconscious as structured like a language. Lacan read, and reinvigorated, Sigmund Freud’s classic texts primarily through the lenses of Ferdinand de Saussure’s structural linguistics and Claude Lévi-Strauss’s structural anthropology—not mentioning Hegelianism (via Kojève), surrealism, and mathematics as other equally important lenses. The structure of subjectivity was the central question for both Freud and Lacan. While the former understood psychic structure in terms of topography, the latter explicated it through topology. What then of the structure of Ian Parker’s recently published book?
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Gough, Alex, and Cora Uhlemann. "One-Point Statistics Matter in Extended Cosmologies." Universe 8, no. 1 (January 17, 2022): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe8010055.
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The late universe contains a wealth of information about fundamental physics and gravity, wrapped up in non-Gaussian fields. To make use of as much information as possible, it is necessary to go beyond two-point statistics. Rather than going to higher-order N-point correlation functions, we demonstrate that the probability distribution function (PDF) of spheres in the matter field (a one-point function) already contains a significant amount of this non-Gaussian information. The matter PDF dissects different density environments which are lumped together in two-point statistics, making it particularly useful for probing modifications of gravity or expansion history. Our approach in Cataneo et al. 2021 extends the success of Large Deviation Theory for predicting the matter PDF in ΛCDM in these “extended” cosmologies. A Fisher forecast demonstrates the information content in the matter PDF via constraints for a Euclid-like survey volume combining the 3D matter PDF with the 3D matter power spectrum. Adding the matter PDF halves the uncertainties on parameters in an evolving dark energy model, relative to the power spectrum alone. Additionally, the matter PDF contains enough non-linear information to substantially increase the detection significance of departures from General Relativity, with improvements up to six times the power spectrum alone. This analysis demonstrates that the matter PDF is a promising non-Gaussian statistic for extracting cosmological information, particularly for beyond ΛCDM models.
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Martínez García-Posada, Ángel. "Máquinas y Metáforas." VLC arquitectura. Research Journal 3, no. 2 (October 27, 2016): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/vlc.2016.5746.
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<p><em>The edition </em>La ley del reloj. Arquitectura, máquinas y cultura moderna<em> (Cátedra, Madrid, 2016) registers the useful paradox of the analogy between architecture and technique. Its author, the architect Eduardo Prieto, also a philosopher, professor and writer, acknowledges the obvious distance from machines to buildings, so great that it can only be solved using strange comparisons, since architecture does not move nor are the machines habitable, however throughout the book, from the origin of the metaphor of the machine, with clarity in his essay and enlightening erudition, he points out with certainty some concomitances of high interest, drawing throughout</em> <em>history a beautiful cartography of the fruitful encounter between organics and mechanics.</em></p>
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БАШИРОВ, М. С. Э., and Э. Х. ХАСМАГОМАДОВ. "TOWARDS THE HISTORY AND POPULATION COMPOSITION OF THE HISTORICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS GUMBET, ANDI AND ALATAVIA." Известия СОИГСИ, no. 39(78) (March 31, 2021): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.46698/vnc.2021.78.39.013.
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В публикуемой статье рассматривается вопрос взаимного проникновения и исторических контактов населения приграничных областей Чечни и Дагестана – Гумбета, Анди и Салатавии. В исследовании приводится ряд документальных, нарративных (рукописи) и этнографических источников, позволяющих более тщательно взглянуть на вопрос этногенеза обществ указанных историко-географических областей. Кроме того, выявляется закономерность, согласно которой в пространстве между реками Аргун и Кара-Койсу (приток Сулака) распространен целый ряд топонимов и общин, чьи названия обнаруживают основу гун / хун / хон, что, как это видно из источников, увязывается с кавказскими гуннами, или хонами. Также в контексте затронутой проблематики указывается на движение этнических масс с запада (Нашха, Шубут и т.д.) и юга (Ичкерия) в область Анди и далее – в Салатавию через область Гумбет. Проводится попытка определить время возникновения аула Анди, а также выявить общества и личности, принявшие участие в основании села и выступившие в качестве этнического субстрата, по крайней мере, северной группы андийских поселений и тохумов. Отмечается роль Унсура (Энсура), его братьев Баши и Араша, а также владетелей Ануша и Харчи-хана, принявших первого в андийской котловине после его исхода «из селения Шубут» вследствие произошедшего кровопролития. На основании разностороннего анализа, с привлечением архивных материалов авторами указывается на участие общин Дишний, Гуной, Вашандарой, Харачой, Беной, Зумсой и др. в качестве субстрата при формировании североандийских поселений, а также их частичной миграции в Салатавию. The published article examines the issue of mutual penetration and historical contacts of the population of the border regions of Chechnya and Dagestan - Gumbet, Andi and Salatavia. The study provides a number of documentary, narrative (manuscripts) and ethnographic sources that allow a more thorough look at the issue of the ethnogenesis of societies in these historical and geographical areas. In addition, a pattern is revealed according to which a number of toponyms and communities are widespread in the space between the Argun and Kara-Koisu rivers (a tributary of the Sulak), whose names reveal the basis of the Gun / Hun / Khon, which, as can be seen from the sources, is associated with the Caucasian Huns , or hons. Also, in the context of the problems touched upon, the movement of ethnic masses from the west (Nashkha, Shubut, etc.) and south (Ichkeria) to the Andi region and further to Salatavia through the Gumbet region is indicated. An attempt is made to determine the time of the emergence of the Andi aul, as well as to identify the societies and individuals who took part in the founding of the village and acted as an ethnic substratum, at least, of the northern group of Andean settlements and Tohums. The role of Unsur (Ensur), his brothers Bashi and Arash, as well as the rulers of Anush and Kharchi-khan, who took the first in the Andean basin after his exodus “from the village of Shubut” due to the bloodshed, is noted. Based on a multifaceted analysis, with the involvement of archival materials, the authors point out the participation of the communities of Dishny, Guna, Washandara, Kharacha, Benoy, Zumsoy, etc. as a substrate in the formation of North Indian settlements, as well as their partial migration to Salatavia.
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ХАВЖОКОВА, Л. Б. "ARTISTIC REFLECTION OF HISTORY IN THE WORKS OF THE ADYGHE POETS OF THE OLDER GENERATION." Известия СОИГСИ, no. 44(83) (June 27, 2022): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.46698/vnc.2022.83.44.002.
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Проблема художественной интерпретации исторических фактов и событий является одной из малоизученных в современном адыгском и в целом в северокавказском литературоведении. Ее актуальность обусловлена тем, что в настоящее время существует определенный пробел в восстановлении страниц прошлого адыгского этноса, воссоздании целостной картины национальной литературы и культуры, с выявлением факторов, повлиявших на ход их развития. Научная новизна работы состоит в том, что в ней предпринята попытка изучения истории народа сквозь призму художественно-поэтического сознания адыгов (черкесов). В статье представлено комплексное исследование темы Кавказской войны и махаджирства в адыгской (кабардинской, черкесской, адыгейской) поэзии периода становления и начального этапа эволюции. Цель исследования – сформировать художественную концепцию истории адыгского этноса. Достижение поставленной цели требует решения ряда задач, главная из которых – рассмотреть Кавказскую войну и махаджирство не как историческую, политическую или культурную парадигму, а с точки зрения особенностей авторского типа мировосприятия, в конкретном авторском дискурсе. В соответствии с целью и задачами исследования проведен анализ первых поэтических произведений, посвященных обозначенным историческим событиям, определена роль поэтов старшего поколения (Х. Хамхоков, Б. Пачев, А. Шогенцуков, А. Кешоков) в раскрытии «табуированной» до середины ХХ в. и, следовательно, новаторской темы. К исследованию привлечен ряд общенаучных методов (анализ, описание, сравнительно-исторический метод и т.д.). Полученные результаты могут найти применение при изучении истории адыгской поэзии и в более обширном плане – литературы народов Северного Кавказа и Российской Федерации. The problem of artistic interpretation of historical facts and events is one of the little-studied in modern Adyghe and in general in the North Caucasian literary criticism. Its relevance is due to the fact that at present there is a certain gap in the restoration of the pages of the past of the Adyghe ethnic group, the reconstruction of a holistic picture of national literature and culture, with the identification of factors that influenced the course of their development. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that it attempts to study the history of the people through the prism of the artistic and poetic consciousness of the Adyghe (Circassians). The article presents a comprehensive study of the theme of the Caucasian war and eviction in the Adyghe (Kabardian, Circassian, Adyghean) poetry of the period of formation and the initial stage of evolution. The purpose of the study is to form an artistic concept of the history of the Adyghe ethnic group. Achieving this goal requires solving a number of tasks, the main of which is to consider the Caucasian war and eviction not as a historical, political or cultural paradigm, but from the point of view of the characteristics of the author's type of worldview, in a specific author's discourse. In accordance with the purpose and objectives of the study, an analysis of the first poetic works dedicated to the designated historical events was carried out, the role of poets of the older generation (Kh. Khamhokov, B. Pachev, A. Shogentsukov, A. Keshokov) in the disclosure of the "taboo" until the middle of the twentieth century was determined. and therefore an innovative theme. A number of general scientific methods (analysis, description, comparative historical method, etc.) are involved in the study. The results obtained can be used in the study of the history of the Adyghe poetry and, more broadly, the literature of the peoples of the North Caucasus and the Russian Federation.
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Fuglestad, Finn. "The Trevor-Roper Trap or the Imperialism of History. An Essay." History in Africa 19 (1992): 309–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172003.
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This is, as the title makes clear, an essay; that is to say, a genre in which it is considered legitimate for the author to put forward his own more or less (in this case rather more) subjective viewpoints. As such it contains quite a number of short cuts and mouthfuls. I have also deemed it necessary, for the sake of the logic of the argumentation, to make occasional and rather long de-tours via a number of obvious, and at times downright elementary, points. My excuse is that the genre virtually requires it. And my hope is that the following pages will provide at least some food for thought.Back in the early 1960s the distinguished Professor Hugh Trevor-Roper of Oxford University proclaimed, as every Africanist probably knows, that at least precolonial Black Africa had no history. He must have meant what he said, for he repeated his contention in 1969 by putting the label “unhistoric” on the African continent; the whole of the African continent that is, including Ethiopia, Egypt, and the Maghrib.On the face of it there is little reason why we should bother with this type of point of view now in the 1990s. After all, the avalanche of articles and books on African history—including several multi-volume General Histories—which have been published since the 1960s, in a sense bear testimony to the absurdity of Trevor-Roper's position.And yet, for all that, I am not quite certain that the malaise engendered by Trevor-Roper and his like has been entirely dissipated. After all, Trevor-Roper remains a frequently-quoted historian. But more to the point, there is often in my opinion a rather embarrassing insistence in the specialist Africanist litera¬ture on the “extraordinary complexity and dynamism” of Black Africa's past; an insistence not infrequently coupled with the urge, apparently never appeased, to put to rest the myth of Primitive Africa. There is also an equally embarrassing insistence on behalf of many Africanists to pin the label “state” on even the tiniest of polities in precolonial Africa, thus obscuring the appar¬ent fact that perhaps a majority of Africans in the precolonial era lived in so-called “acephalous” societies.
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BİLGİLİ GÜNGÖR, Nurcan. "Some fixed point theorems on orthogonal metric spaces via extensions of orthogonal contractions." Communications Faculty Of Science University of Ankara Series A1Mathematics and Statistics 71, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31801/cfsuasmas.970219.
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Orthogonal metric space is a considerable generalization of a usual metric space obtained by establishing a perpendicular relation on a set. Very recently, the notions of orthogonality of the set and orthogonality of the metric space are described and notable fixed point theorems are given in orthogonal metric spaces. Some fixed point theorems for the generalizations of contraction principle via altering distance functions on orthogonal metric spaces are presented and proved in this paper. Furthermore, an example is presented to clarify these theorems.
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Emami, Mohamad, and Morteza Eskandari-Ghadi. "Lamb’s problem: a brief history." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 25, no. 3 (November 17, 2019): 501–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286519883674.
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In this review note, a historical scientific investigation is presented for Lamb’s problem in the mathematical theory of elasticity. This problem first appeared in 1904 in the pioneering paper of Professor Sir Horace Lamb (Lamb, H. On the propagation of tremors over the surface of an elastic solid. Philos Trans R Soc Lon 1904; 203: 1–42). Of special interest here are the analytical studies of the three-dimensional version of Lamb’s problem, which consists of a semi-infinite, homogeneous, isotropic elastic solid that is set in motion by the exertion of a dynamical point force applied suddenly on the surface of the domain. The objective of this paper is to offer a comprehensive introduction to Lamb’s problem for the reader, along with discussing its mathematical complexities. An account is given of the history of this ever-significant problem from its earlier stages to the more recent investigations via outlining and discussing different rigorous approaches and methods of solution that have been hitherto suggested. The limitations of different methods, if they exist, are also discussed. Eventually, various solution methods are compared considering their nature, advantages, and restrictions.
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Morozova, Irina V., and Victoria I. Zhuravleva. "VII Zverev International Conference at RSUH: Colonial and Postcolonial Discourses in American Literature, Culture, and Politics: Pro et Contra." Literature of the Americas, no. 11 (2021): 437–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-7894-2021-11-437-449.
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The review outlines the major topics of the conference on American Studies held by RSUH in May 2021. Colonial and postcolonial discourses, their intervention and interpretation are still simultaneously extraordinarily enabling and theoretically problematic. The question is how literary and historical texts as well as cultural and political representations could be analyzed from colonial and postcolonial point of view. The conference topics integrated colonial and postcolonial discourses into a wide range of humanitarian fields in order to understand their common elements, which make a contribution to an identifiable American national outlook. Themes of interest included colonialism as a discourse of domination; hybrid modalities of identity and their difference; ethnographic translations of radical alterity; postcolonialism and feminism as critical discourses; the relationship between race, language, and culture; global history and postcolonialism; postcolonial discourse in the US foreign policy.
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Trew, Christopher A. J., Cezary Kocialkowski, Tom Parsons, and Tristan Barton. "Predictors of Positive Outcomes and a Scoring System to Guide Management After Fasciotomy for Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 10, no. 6 (June 1, 2022): 232596712211013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259671221101328.
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Background: Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) of the lower limb usually responds well to fasciotomy in patients with failed nonoperative treatment. Careful history taking and compartment pressure testing are both required to accurately diagnose CECS. Purposes: To evaluate patients with CECS after fasciotomy to establish predictive criteria of positive outcomes and to develop a scoring system to aid clinicians in their management of such patients. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We reviewed data from 28 patients who underwent fasciotomy between 2017 and 2019. All patients had undergone preoperative dynamic intracompartmental pressure (ICP) monitoring. For each patient, subjective preoperative and postoperative pain scores were gained via a questionnaire. The point biserial and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to calculate the association between multiple diagnostic criteria and a reduction in visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores after fasciotomy. Results: A reduction in VAS pain scores was strongly correlated with a peak ICP >40 mm Hg ( r = 0.71; P = .0007) and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for an intraexercise ICP >22,000 mm Hg·s2 ( r = 0.76; P = .0002). A moderate correlation was found between a history of CECS pain ( r = 0.61; P = .005), a duration of symptoms of <30 minutes after stopping exercise ( r = 0.60; P = .006), and a gradient in the intraexercise ICP >10 mm Hg ( r = 0.60; P = .006). When combined into an objective, weighted scoring system (2 points for factors with r > 0.7; 1 point for r = 0.5-0.7), a score of ≥4 points (of 7) had a strong correlation ( r = 0.85; P < .00001) with postoperative improvement in the VAS pain score. Linear regression of this score demonstrated a good fit ( R 2 = 0.61; P < .0001), indicating a degree of predictive power. Conclusion: We identified diagnostic criteria in the history and examination of patients with CECS that can be used to help predict positive outcomes after fasciotomy. We propose a scoring system to aid clinicians in their management of such patients. We recommend taking these results forward in prospective trials to test the efficacy of predictive scoring.
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Oshima, Kensuke, Tsuyoshi Asai, Fumihiro Naruse, Junshiro Yamamoto, and Chie Minami. "92 Development and Validity of a Fall-Risk Score for Older People who Receive Nursing-Care-Service." Age and Ageing 48, Supplement_4 (December 2019): iv18—iv27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afz164.92.
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Abstract Introduction Older people who receive nursing-care-service have multiple fall-risk than well-functioning older people. To our knowledge, there is no appropriate fall-risk assessment for them. Most of the fall-risk assessments in previous researches were subjective. Thus, we aimed to develop a new fall-risk score included major fall-related factors such as objective motor-functions for older who receive nursing-care-service, and to verify the validity of the score. Method We recruited 264 older people who receive nursing-care-service. They were randomly allocated to the fall-risk score development group (Development group) and the score validity group (Validity group). All assessment items were major fall-risk related factors. As motor-function tests, Short-Physical-Performance-Battery (SPPB) including single-task-walking (STW), and dual-task-walking (DTW) were performed. Dual-task-cost (DTC) was computed. The DTC score was made with 0 = lower than 20%, 1 = more than 20%, 2 = incomplete DTW. As a cognitive-function test, Mini-Mental-State-Examinations was examined. Basic-health-related-information and past one-year fall-history were obtained via patient care records. Information of fear of falling was obtained via interview. In the Development group, the association between fall-history and the major fall-related factors were analyzed using multiple-logistic-regression analysis. Based on these results, we developed the 4-point fall-risk score consisted of DTC score and SPPB score (0=more than 10-point, 1=7 to 9 point, 2=less than 6-point). Finally, in the Validity group, the association between fall-history and the fall-risk score was investigated using logistic-regression analysis, and we computed area-under-the-curve (AUC). Results In the Development group, the fall-history was associated with SPPB (Odds ratio[95%CI] = 0.73[0.61-0.87]), and DTC score (Odds ratio[95%CI] = 2.50[1.14-5.79]). In the Validity group, our fall-risk score was significantly associated with fall-history [ AUC=73%, sensitivity=67%, specificity=71% ]. Conclusion In the fall-risk assessment for older people who receive nursing-care-service, our fall-risk score included SPPB and DTC are useful. The validity of our fall-risk score was confirmed.
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Emami, Mohamad, and Morteza Eskandari-Ghadi. "Transient interior analytical solutions of Lamb’s problem." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 24, no. 11 (May 20, 2019): 3485–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286519835266.
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The classical three-dimensional Lamb’s problem is considered for an inclined surface point load of Heaviside time dependence. Attention is focused upon the acquisition of the transient elastodynamic analytical solutions for interior points through a unified method of analysis that is valid for arbitrary Lamé constants. The method of elastodynamic potentials is employed jointly with integral transforms to treat the corresponding initial boundary value problem. To derive the time-domain solutions, some integral equations are encountered, the solutions of which are found via a modified version of the Cagniard–Pekeris method. The final solutions are obtained as finite integrals that are amenable to numerical calculations. They are also expressed in the form of Green’s functions. The limit case of infinite time is investigated analytically to derive the closed-form expressions for the limits of the solutions as the temporal variable tends to infinity. As expected, the results are found to be equivalent to Boussinesq–Cerruti solutions in elastostatics. The elastodynamic solutions are also evaluated numerically to plot several time-history diagrams, depicting the transient motions of the interior points, especially of the points close to the boundary so as to illustrate the formation of forced Rayleigh waves at shallow depths within the elastic half-space.
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Korenic, Lyn. "Inside the discipline, outside the paradigm: keeping track of the New Art History." Art Libraries Journal 22, no. 3 (1997): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200010488.
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From the point of view of a student of art history in the 1980s re-entering the discipline as a graduate student, the ‘new’ art history represents a dramatically wider field of enquiry involving new methodologies, although ‘old’ art history is still pursued by some academics. The ‘new’ art history employs an interdisciplinary approach which embraces materials far beyond ‘traditional’ art historical sources, and so information has to be sought outside the art library and via the Internet. Librarians responsible for supporting art history studies need to keep in touch with teachers, with curriculum developments, and with the discipline itself; it may also be helpful to get involved in staff/student use of the Web, and to collaborate with other Humanities librarians. The way in which the ‘new’ art history branches out in all directions parallels the hypertext linkages of the Web and the complexity of our globally-connected world.
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Kåreholt, Ingemar, Charlotta Nilsen, Janne Agerholm, Susanne Kelfve, Jonas Wastesson, Kirsten Nabe-Nielsen, and Bettina Meinow. "HISTORY OF JOB STRAIN AND RISK OF LATE-LIFE DEPENDENCY: A NATIONWIDE SWEDISH REGISTER-BASED STUDY." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 502–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1927.
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Abstract There is substantial evidence that work plays a significant role in post-retirement health. Yet little is known about its role in when late-life dependency may occur. We examined associations between job strain and the risk of entering late-life dependency. Individually linked nationwide Swedish registers were used to identify people 70+ alive in January 2014, and who did not experience the outcome (late-life dependency) during two months prior to the start of the follow-up. Late-life dependency was operationalized as use of long-term care. Information about job strain was obtained via a job exposure matrice and matched with job titles. Cox regression models with age as time-scale (adjusted for living situation, educational attainment, country of birth, and sex) were conducted to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for entering late-life dependency during the 24 months of follow-up (n=993,595). Having an initial high starting point of job strain followed by an increasing trajectory throughout working life implied a 23% higher risk of entering late-life dependency at a younger age, compared with the reference group (low starting point with a decreasing trajectory). High initial starting point followed by a stable trajectory implied a 12% higher risk of entering late-life dependency at a younger age. High initial starting point followed by a decreasing trajectory implied a 10% risk reduction, and a low starting point with a stable trajectory implied a 22% risk reduction, of entering late-life dependency at a younger age. Reducing stressful jobs across working life may contribute to postponing late-life dependency.
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Sanft, Tara Beth, Maura Harrigan, Brenda Cartmel, Mary Playdon, Yang Zhou, Erikka Loftfield, and Melinda L. Irwin. "Effect of weight history on ability to lose weight after a 6-month randomized controlled weight loss trial in overweight breast cancer survivors: The Lifestyle, Exercise and Nutrition (LEAN) study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2016): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.3_suppl.174.
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174 Background: Because obesity portends a higher risk of breast cancer mortality, achieving a healthy weight is recommended for breast cancer survivors. The impact of weight history on the ability to lose weight is unclear. We previously reported a 6.2 + 0.7% vs. 2.1 + 0.9% weight loss (p = .0003) in 100 breast cancer survivors randomized to a 6-month weight loss intervention vs. usual care. We examined whether weight history modified the effect of the intervention on body weight changes. Methods: Breast cancer survivors with a BMI > 25 kg/m2were randomized to usual care or 6-month, 11-session diet and exercise-counseling intervention. Baseline and 6 month weight and height were measured; weight at ages 18 and 35, 5 years and 1 year before and at diagnosis were self-reported. We defined weight history as: 1) change in weight between each time point and baseline; and 2) duration of obesity (i.e., number of years of having a BMI > 30 between age 18 and baseline). Generalized linear models were used to evaluate mean changes at 6 months between the intervention and usual care groups, adjusted and stratified by weight history variables. Results: Mean age and time since diagnosis were 59 + 7 years and 2.9 + 2.1 years, respectively. BMI increased over time (age 18 BMI = 21.8 + 2.9; baseline BMI = 32.4 + 6.5). Number of years being obese was 5.3 + 8.2 years (range 0-40 years). BMI at baseline, change in BMI from various time points to baseline, and years of obesity did not modify weight loss results. After adjusting for weight history, women randomized to intervention vs. usual care lost 6.1 + 0.7% vs. 2.0 + 0.9%, p = .0006, respectively. Conclusions: Participants reported a history of steady weight gain over time. The duration of obesity did not modify weight loss results. Weight history did not hinder survivors’ ability to lose clinically meaningful weight via a structured intervention.
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Carbone, Raffaele. "Difference, Migration, and Cultural Exchange in Vico." Philological Encounters 5, no. 1 (March 9, 2020): 25–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24519197-12340068.
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Abstract In his historical and legal works, Giambattista Vico points out several times that there are significant differences between human societies. From The Universal Law onwards, the Neapolitan philosopher proposes the restoration of the history of nations and recognizes that travel, migration and cultural exchanges play a significant role in the vicissitudes of peoples. At the same time, he also searches for constants (economic and social, political and cultural) that are common to all nations and that may be compatible with the natural and historical differences remaining between them. This project grows and matures over the three editions of the New Science. In this regard, this article aims to dissect the course of Vico’s intent and show that he does not appear to neglect cultural differences or the importance of cultural exchanges in the history of humankind to the exclusive benefit of the invariants occurring in all human communities.
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Al-Badu, Amal Mohammed Abdullah. "The Reality of Distance Assessment, in the Shadow of Corona Pandemic, from the Point of View of Teachers." International Journal of research in Educational Sciences 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 185–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.29009/ijres.5.1.6.
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This study sheds light on The Reality of Distance Assessment, in the Shadow of Corona Pandemic, from the Point of View of Teachers. The study sought to identify the criteria of assessing the distance learning, their requirements, and the steps of designing the distance assessment; in addition to identifying the tools and methods of distance assessment, and the characteristics of each tool. Finally, the study presented a suggested model for assessment, in the shadow of the emergent circumstances. This model depends on the philosophy of the modern educational theories and the givens of the twenty-first century and its skills. The researcher adopted the explanatory scientific method that uses knowledge to explain the phenomena and things via a group of connected concepts that are called theories. Then, adopting the descriptive method, as the researcher has designed a questionnaire that consists of (20) points, distributed on (120) male and female teachers in Lewaa Marka to know the opinions and approaches of the teaching staff about the methods and strategies of distance assessment. The responses of the study sample on the point of "to what extent the study sample knows about the methods and strategies of distance assessment" were average, while the responses of the study sample on the point of "the practical application of the distance assessment process" were weak and low.
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Laato, Samuli, Sampsa Rauti, Antti Laato, Teemu H. Laine, Erkki Sutinen, and Erno Lehtinen. "Learning History with Location-Based Applications: An Architecture for Points of Interest in Multiple Layers." Sensors 21, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21010129.
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Location-based applications (LBAs) capture the user’s physical location via satellite navigation sensors and integrate it as part of the digital application. Because of this connection, the real-world environment needs to be accounted for in LBA design. In this work, we focused on creating a database of geographically distributed points of interest (PoIs) that is optimal for learning local history. First, we conducted a requirements elicitation study at three outdoor archaeological sites and identified issues in existing solutions. Second, we designed a multi-layered prototype solution. Third, we evaluated the solution with nine experts who had prior experience with LBAs or similar systems. We incorporated their feedback to our design to iteratively improve it. As a whole, our work contributes to the LBA design literature by proposing a solution that is optimized for the learning of local history.
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Фидарова, Р. Я. "LOGICS OF HISTORY IN THE SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPT OF OSSETIAN ENLIGHTENMENT AND THE NATURE OF THE EMERGING NATIONAL LITERATURE." Известия СОИГСИ, no. 45(84) (September 14, 2022): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.46698/vnc.2022.84.45.002.
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Осетинские просветители (они же и первые осетинские писатели) стремились осмыслить глубинные причинно-следственные взаимосвязи всемирно-исторического процесса и его исторической конкретности, т.е. истории отдельных народов и стран. В смене общественно-экономических формаций они видели логику всемирной истории, суть которой, по их убеждению, в общей направленности всемирно-исторического процесса к прогрессу. Логика же эта отражает единство, целостность всемирно-исторического процесса. А само данное единство просветители видели в тождественности судеб различных народов и схожести порядков и норм их социально-исторического бытия. При этом понимали, какую огромную роль во всемирной истории играет история отдельных народов, живущих в конкретном историческом времени и реальном социальном пространстве. Осознавали, что каждый народ имеет свой путь духовной зрелости, свою судьбу. Словом, исходили из того, что всемирно-исторический процесс с точки зрения исторической конкретности представляет собой пеструю картину бесконечного разнообразия, уникальности конкретных исторических событий, определяющих судьбу каждого народа, класса, личности; что ценность вклада каждого во всемирный исторический процесс обусловлена его уникальностью, своеобразием, неповторимостью. Эта их концепция определяла их взгляды на исторические судьбы своего народа и его культуру, искусство и литературу. Так, исходя из логики взаимосвязи всемирной истории и исторического процесса, определившей их социально-философскую систему взглядов, осетинские просветители сформировали свою концепцию национального искусства, которая во многом и обусловила рождение критического реализма в зарождающейся осетинской литературе, определив тем самым ее боевой, наступательно-аналитический характер, социально-историческую углубленность в проблемы народного бытия и философский кругозор в целом. Суть концепции национального искусства и литературы осетинских просветителей заключается, прежде всего, в том, что она призвана была определить место искусства и литературы как специфического, уникального явления в жизни современного общества, со сложным комплексом стоящих перед ними первоочередных задач. А цель при этом такого искусства и литературы – научить общество размышлять о жизни, исследовать ее, стремиться к ее улучшению, к прогрессу. Просветителями же были определены и функции национального искусства: воспитательные, познавательно-преобразующиеся и в целом, конечно же, социальные функции. Ossetian enlighteners (they are the first Ossetian writers) sought to comprehend the deep causal relationships of the world-historical process and its historical concreteness, i.e. The history of individual peoples and countries. In the change of social and economic formations, they saw the logic of world history, the essence of which, by their conviction, in the general direction of the world-historical process to progress. This logic reflects the unity, the integrity of the world-historical process. And this unity of the enlighteners seen in the identity of the fate of the various peoples and the similarity of the orders and the norms of their socio-historical being. At the same time, they understood what a huge role in world history is played by the history of individual peoples living in specific historical time and real social space. We realized that every people had their own way of spiritual maturity, their fate. In a word, the world-historical process from the point of view of historical concreteness is a militant picture of endless diversity, the uniqueness of specific historical events that determine the fate of every people, class, personality; that the value of the contribution of each to the World Historical Process is due to its uniqueness, originality, uniqueness. This concept has determined their views on the historical fate of their people and its culture, art and literature. So, based on the logic of the relationship of the World History and the historical process, which determined their social and philosophical system of views, the Ossetian enlighteners have formed their concept of national art, which largely led the birth of critical realism in the emerging Ossetian literature, thereby determining its combat, offensive and analytical Character, socio-historical deepening in the problems of people's existence and philosophical horizons in general. The essence of the concept of national art and literature of Ossetian enlighteners is, first of all, in the fact that it was called upon to determine the place of art and literature as a specific, unique phenomenon in the lives of modern society, with a complex of priority challenges. And the purpose of this art and literature is to teach the Society to reflect on life, explore it, strive for its improvement, to progress. The enlighteners also identified the functions of national art: educational, cognitive-transformed and in general, of course, social functions.
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McShane, Blakeley B., Ulf Böckenholt, and Karsten T. Hansen. "Average Power: A Cautionary Note." Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science 3, no. 2 (May 28, 2020): 185–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515245920902370.
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Replication is an important contemporary issue in psychological research, and there is great interest in ways of assessing replicability, in particular, retrospectively via prior studies. The average power of a set of prior studies is a quantity that has attracted considerable attention for this purpose, and techniques to estimate this quantity via a meta-analytic approach have recently been proposed. In this article, we have two aims. First, we clarify the nature of average power and its implications for replicability. We explain that average power is not relevant to the replicability of actual prospective replication studies. Instead, it relates to efforts in the history of science to catalogue the power of prior studies. Second, we evaluate the statistical properties of point estimates and interval estimates of average power obtained via the meta-analytic approach. We find that point estimates of average power are too variable and inaccurate for use in application. We also find that the width of interval estimates of average power depends on the corresponding point estimates; consequently, the width of an interval estimate of average power cannot serve as an independent measure of the precision of the point estimate. Our findings resolve a seeming puzzle posed by three estimates of the average power of the power-posing literature obtained via the meta-analytic approach.
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PARFITT, ROSE. "Fascism, Imperialism and International Law: An Arch Met a Motorway and the Rest is History . . ." Leiden Journal of International Law 31, no. 3 (July 2, 2018): 509–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156518000304.
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AbstractWhat would happen to our understanding of international law and its relationship with violence if we collapsed the distinction between our supposedly post-colonial ‘present’ and its colonial ‘past’; between the sovereign spaces of the twenty-first century global order, and the integrated, hierarchical space of fascist imperialism? I respond to this question through an investigation into the physical contours of a precise ‘imperial location’: 30°31′00″N, 18°34′00″E. These co-ordinates refer to a point on the sea-edge of the Sirtica that is occupied today by the Ra's Lanuf oil refinery, one of Libya's three most important such facilities. In the late 1930s, however, during Libya's period of fascist colonial rule, this was the point at which a state-of-the-art motorway, the Via litoranea libica, was crossed by a giant triumphal arch, the Arco dei Fileni. Through a chronotopic reading of the temporal, spatial and interpellative aspects of this point, its architecture and its history, I suggest that fascist lawyers, officials and intellectuals accepted a horrifying truth about the relationship between international law and violence – a relationship that twenty-first century doctrinal international law is loath to confront, concerning the inherently expansionist logic of the sovereign state, and the inevitably hierarchical ordering of the ‘international community’ which stems from it.
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КАЗИЕВ, Э. В. "ALANIAN CAMPAIGN IN MONGOL INVASION OF THE WEST (1238–1240)." Известия СОИГСИ, no. 45(84) (September 14, 2022): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.46698/vnc.2022.84.45.011.
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Западный поход монголов стал поворотным событием в истории многих средневековых государств, в том числе и в истории средневековой Алании, найдя отражение во множестве средневековых источников. Соотнесение имеющихся отличий в сведениях об аланской кампании монголов, содержащихся ряде этих источников, определило новизну представленного исследования. Его целью стал анализ сведений о ходе этой кампании, ее задачах, численности войск, используемой тактике и результатах. Были рассмотрены соответствующие сведения персидских хроник Ала ад-дина Джувейни, Вассафа аль-Хазрата и Рашид ад-Дина, монгольской хроники «Сокровенное сказание», китайской «Истории [династии] Юань», а также некоторых русских летописей. Поскольку одним из основных источников об аланской кампании монголов является указанная китайская хроника, сведения которой зачастую имеют переводческие разночтения, устранение этих разночтений через использование оригинального текста источника определило актуальность исследования. Исследование проводилось посредством следующих методов научно-исторического анализа: историко-типологического, историко-системного, сравнительно-исторического и системно-хронологического. Кроме того, был использован ряд общих и специальных методов научного перевода, применяющихся для работы с китайскими средневековыми текстами. В результате было установлено, что захват Алании был одним из основных стратегических целей Западного похода монголов и осуществлялся силами трех корпусов, возглавлявшихся чингизидами Гуюком, Мункэ и Бури. Войска, участвовавшие в аланской кампании, насчитывали не более 60 тыс. человек и наряду с монголами были укомплектованы кипчаками, тангутами и представителями других покоренных народов. При завоевании Алании использовалась обычная для монголов тактика облавного движения войск по основным коммуникациям с занятием главных опорных пунктов обороняющихся. Вместе с тем в исследовании отмечается необходимость дальнейшего рассмотрения вопросов хронологии монгольских кампаний на кавказском театре и последующего участия аланских дружинников в монгольских кампаниях по завоеванию южнорусских княжеств. Mongol invasion of the west became a turning point in the history of many medieval states, including the history of medieval Alania, reflected in the information of many medieval sources. Correlation of the existing differences in the information about the Alanian campaign of the Mongols, contained in a number of these sources, determined the novelty of the presented study. Its purpose was to review the information from the main written sources about the course of this campaign, its missions, and the number of troops, the tactics used and the results. The relevant information from the Persian chronicles of Ala al-Din Juvayni, Wassaf al-Ḥadrat and Rashid al-Din, the Mongolian chronicle “The Secret History”, the Chinese “History of the Yuan [dynasty]”, as well as some Russian chronicles were considered. Since one of the main sources on the Alanian campaign of the Mongols is the mentioned Chinese chronicle, the information of which often has variations in translation, the elimination of these variations through the use of the original text of the source determined the relevance of the study.The study was carried out through the following methods of scientific and historical analysis: historical-typological, historical-systemic, comparative-historical and systemic-chronological. A number of general and special methods for scientific translation of Chinese medieval texts were used as well. As a result, it was found that the capture of Alania was one of the main strategic goals of Mongol invasion of the west and was carried out by the forces of three corps, led by Genghisides Güyük, Möngke and Buri. The troops participating in the Alanian campaign numbered no more than 60 thousand people and, along with the Mongols, were stuffed with Kipchaks, Tanguts and representatives of other conquered peoples. During the conquest of Alania, the Mongols used their usual tactic of a battue-like movement of troops along the main communication routes with occupation of main strongholds of the defenders. At the same time, the study notes the need for further consideration of the chronology of the Mongol campaigns in the Caucasian theater and the subsequent participation of the Alan warriors in the Mongol campaigns to conquer the South Russian principalities.