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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Podpora státu'
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1
Erbenová, Jana. "Exportní potřeby malých a středních podniků versus podpora státu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-74346.
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For such a small open economy as is the case of the Czech Republic, export is one of the key growth factors. Further, small and medium sized enterprises are very efficient tool of the economic stability. Government should therefore analyse and fulfil export needs of those entrepreneurs. There is actually no questin about importance of government assistance. Most of the developed countries already help their small and medium enterprises. Ignoring this fact could lead to the reduction of the competitive strength of Czech companies. The diploma thesis analyses the export needs of those firms and compares them with the government assistance programs. Theoretical part is focused on definition of this entrepreneur's category, describes assistance frame and analyses the influence of export on the Czech economy. Practical part deals with individual export assistance programs and analyses the export needs of Czech exporters based on several surveys. The last part of the diploma thesis compares the Czech government assistance with the assistance that foreign countries provide their entrepreneurs with. The final recommendations regarding the possibilities of increase in the efficiency of the government assistence are included in the last chapter.
2
Janovská, Jana. "Analýza vlivu spořících produktů se státní podporou na rozpočet státu." Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-315928.
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This diploma thesis deals saving products with state support and analyses their impact on the state budget. In the theoretical part presents housing policy and social policy of the Czech Republic. Provides saving products with state support. This includes building society account, earlier pension insurance and current complementary pension saving only. These forms of savings are analysed in practical part of this thesis. It introduces the development of the state contribution and introduces the changes, that affect the behaviour of savers. Presents a list of advantages and disadvantages of these products. In closing studies the direct and indirect impact on the state budget.
3
Hlaváčová, Michaela. "Finanční produkty s podporou státu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-206049.
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The thesis deals with financial products, which the state supports, whether by the state concessions or tax contributions restricts or even specifies the exact amount of the interest rate on a loan supporting the acquisition of own housing. The thesis is focus on the stimulus, which state uses. How citizens use the aid they receive from the state. The development of these incentives in the past, and an easy overview of what remains for the changes planned. In the practical part is shown, what brings financial products with support to households and what is the impact on their family budget. In a brief overview is included, as people use different products in recent years.
4
Bourková, Veronika. "Financování podnikatelských aktivit." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443003.
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The subject of the Master´s thesis is a financing of business activities in the conditions of the Czech Republic before the outbreak of the global pandemic COVID 19, at present and the possible future development of financing. The first part focuses on the theoretical analysis of individual financing options, their distribution and a detailed overview and description. The second part of the thesis is focused on the hotel industry and a selection of appropriate forms of financing for the investment´s implementation in the hotel for the future. The Emphasis will be placed on the optimal selection of state compensation and re-start of business for its future viability and operation.
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Pochopová, Petra. "Podpora exportu malých a středních podniků do států východní Evropy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-16513.
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The aim of my graduation theses was to find out, how the system of state assistance to small and medium enterprises exporting to Eastern Europe functions in the Czech Republic. I examined all available documents, institutions and organizations which helps enterpreneurs. I confronted these outcomes with research made by enterpreneurs and I tried to suggest some improvements and innovations.
6
Pivoňková, Jana. "Úloha státu v podpoře výzkumu a vývoje v soukromé sféře." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11615.
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This project is aimed at the roles of the state and its support of research and development in the private sector. The core part of this project is focused on view and judgment of the roles of the state institutions in the research and development process. Is should be also mentioned that substantial part is focused on the following four dominant institutions: Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Ministry of Industry and Trade and Grant Agency of the Czech Republic. My primal interest is aimed at comparison of public and private expenses relating to the research and development and evaluation of all effects connected with these expenses. The key aspects of this project are supported by economic theories such as The Theory of Bureaucracy, Public Interests, Government and Market Failure or The State Regulation Theory. The whole point of this project is to find out reasons for state intervention in the research and development areas. Particular attention is paid to the current empirical studies and results related to these studies.
7
Müller, David. "Stát a soukromý sektor: podpora inovací a ochrana práv duševního vlastnictví." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-149861.
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The aim of this Master's Thesis is to explore, analyze and discuss of the role and position of the innovation policies' ecosystems, the role of incentives in general and particularly within the sphere of intellectual property rights (IPR). The paper consists of two key parts. Firstly, it discuss the role of innovation, justification of incentives and purpose of the IPR protection as the means of addressing market failures, which hinder the innovation process, especially for the small and medium enterprises. Secondly, analysis was conducted within the series of case studies, including Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, United States, China and India. The divergence of the list of countries should provide representative list of measures and incentives employed and utilized in various systems of Innovation governance. Overall findings are compared with the system in the Czech Republic in order to provide prospects for the potential adjustments.
8
Nechaeva, Svetlana. "Dopad finanční krize na výkonnost malých a středních podniků." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-110444.
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The thesis deals with the influence of the global financial and economic crisis on the functioning and management of small and medium enterprises in the Czech Republic. In this work the emphasis is based mainly on support from the state, and the European Union and other bodies involved in this problem. In the practical part of the diploma thesis the analysis is held on small business management - the company Pravé hořické trubičky s.r.o. The main emphasis is given to its functionning in times of crisis, and comparison with the industry. The analysis is performed using basic indicators and tools of financial analysis and benchmarking.
9
Veverková, Lenka. "Význam terénních sociálních služeb a jejich podpora ze strany státu." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-273055.
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The title of my diploma paper is State Support of Domiciliary Services for the Elderly, in which I talk about domiciliary services as the main instrument for social inclusion In my diploma work, I focus on the main features that influence the provision of domiciliary social services for the elderly, in the light of current reforms, related, previously implemented reforms and the introduction of social services legislation from 2006,in valid wording. In my analysis of these elements, I evaluate the support of the state to analyse the accessibility and development of domiciliary social services in the region as an instrument for social inclusion.I focus on the competence and responsibilities of the individual providers, as the state, district, community and non-governmental, non-profit organisations in the field of social services.An important element in securing high quality services is their accessibility and therefore I concern myself with the circumstances and evaluation of the region's facilities.I further describe basic financial resources of the financial structure of social services, giving the specific example of the financial structure of social service providers in Prague 2's district council area. In the practical part of my work, I focus closely on an assessment of domiciliary social services...
10
Neumanová, Monika Catherine. "Finanční podpora rodin s dětmi v různých typech sociálního státu." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-286363.
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The diploma thesis "Financial support to the families with children in the different types of welfare state" deals with the direct governmental financial support to the families with children in the Czech Republic. The thesis provides with a brief survey of the system of these tools in the states analyzed with the thesis, i.e. United Kingdom as a residual welfare state, France as a corporative welfare state and Sweden as a social democratic welfare state. The practical part of the thesis is dedicated to the comparative analysis of the systems of the benefits in these states. Based on the results of comparative analysis, recommendations for measures and changes in the current Czech system are made. The recommendations reflect the needs and priorities of current family policy in the Czech Republic. The final part of the thesis was focused on detailed analysis of selected tools with a view to evaluate to which extent these tools contribute to the desired income equality between families with children and without children. Detailed adjustments in the system of the benefits, which were identified and suggested in the thesis, were evaluated by chosen experts in the given area. Final conclusions and recommendations were formulated.
11
Ptáčková, Lenka. "Současná podpora státu v oblasti sociálního podnikání v České republice." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-297076.
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This thesis deals with social enterprise in the Czech Republic and its state aid. It focuses on the description of state aid decisions, affecting the operation of social enterprises in the Czech Republic. Briefly describes the characters of the civil sector organizations and symbols of social enterprises, including their differences, and identifies other possible legal forms for social enterprises. Based on the selected documents are in the thesis specification of groups of disadvantaged people in the labor market. The research work was part of the method of semi- structured interviews with selected social entrepreneurs and the results of qualitative research contribute to the fulfillment of the objectives of thesis. The conclusion summarizes the various findings.
12
PÚČKOVÁ, Kamila. "Podpora státu osobám se zdravotním postižením podle zákona č. 329/2011 Sb." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-398947.
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This State Support for People with Disabilities, pursuant to Act No. 329/2011 Coll. diploma thesis is focused on the research of state financial support in a selected sample of respondents. In the theoretical part, I have described the current situation in the area of support for people with disabilities. The practical part is divided into a description of the objective of the work, methodology, analysis and interpretation of data and discussion. The aim of the thesis was to find out the answer to this question: How do people with disabilities perceive receiving benefits intended for their support according to Act No. 329/2011 Coll., and in particular, how do they perceive the impact of the amendment to the Act valid from January 1st, 2018? Three partial research questions have also been used to find the answer. To fulfil the abovementioned aim of this work, a qualitative research strategy, a method of semi-structured interview with selected respondents has been deployed. The technique used for collecting information was an individual in-depth interview. I have analysed and interpreted the data and have received specific information on how beneficiaries subjectively evaluate their provision. I have also verified whether the state support fulfils its function, and if so, to what extent. In conclusion, I have summarized the main findings of the research. As a result, the set-up system was found to be essentially effective. However, for better targeting it and more efficient system functioning, certain parametric changes are be needed in case of some of the benefits, especially the mobility allowance. The respondents expressed the greatest satisfaction with the advantages associated with their disability card.
13
HNISOVÁ, Lenka. "SOCIÁLNĚ POLITICKÁ OPATŘENÍ STÁTU A JEJICH VYUŽITÍ V RODINÁCH S DÍTĚTEM S MENTÁLNÍM POSTIŽENÍM." Master's thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-85708.
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There were many changes in the Czech social system during last years. Many possibilities for people with disabilities appeared in a state and a non-profit sector - more social benefits and social service. The only problem is in their chaotic arrangement. My thesis is concretely focused on potentialities of families with mentally disabled children. In my theoretical part I therefore describe not only mental illnesses and its stages but also a family of a disabled child and parental education. Hereafter I attend to education and socialization of individuals with a mental disability. The second part of theory targets three social principles of the social system {--} the social insurance, state social support and social welfare/care. At the end of this part I mention the significance of non profit organizations for people affected by mental disabilities. Following theoretical is the practical part which aims (and that is my work{\crq}s objective also) to determine the knowledge of parents about our social benefit schemes and support. Specifically this means to chart the current state of affairs {--} informedness functioning. Based upon these results then create an outline (benefits, services) which will help the parents to distinguish more efficiently within all services offered. The survey was carried out by questionnaires. These were intended for parents of mentally disabled children and aimed at their knowledge. The correspondents {--} parents {--} were separated into groups in accordance with their educational background. It emerged from my results that parents with elementary education are feeling well informed whilst parent with higher education do not consider themselves informed although in accordance with their answers they have a better insight into their child{\crq}s options. Generally the majority of the polled (77%) is not feeling informed. The problem is inadequate information system. Respondents also mentioned what they are lacking in most and what they would consider as being most helpful. The most common answers concerned missing comprehensive review, informative brochures and sufficiently informed staff, which I did contemplate. Based upon these results I have conceived an overview of primary options specifically designed for families with mentally disabled children. I may thus claim that both my hypothesis have been confirmed. I behold the anticipated development of my work in merging information about assigned issues with creating a review of primary options for families with a mentally disabled child. I do hope that this work will leastwise improve their awareness.
14
Hornát, Jan. "Politika podpory demokracie Spojených států a EU: odlišné přístupy a jejich příčiny." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-365491.
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The United States of America and the institutions of the European Union are the most prominent democracy assistance donors in third countries. Over the last two decades, they have spent tens of billions of dollars to support the formation and consolidation of democratic regimes around the world. In this sense, the US and the EU have seemingly shared interests - i.e. seeking to build democratic institutions in target countries so that these become part of the community of democracies and contribute to the stability of the world's economic and political system. However, if we look at the approaches and strategies used by the US and the EU to support democracy, we find that they are often quite different and, in some respects, clashing. Why are the approaches of both actors different if they strive to reach the same goal? Or - upon closer examination - are their goals indeed somewhat different? The key problem is that democracy as such is a contested concept, so it is necessary to ask the question: if we are promoting democracy, what kind of democracy do we mean? If we finance the development of one or the other institution, what model of democratic establishment will be created? The thesis takes a constructivist view of this issue and demonstrates how the different democratic identities of the two...
15
Bulušek, Martin. "Veřejná podpora a její vliv na obchod mezi členskými státy EU." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-330241.
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This thesis focuses on state aid law as a specific part of EU competition law. State aid is therefore primarily set in the context of protection of competition in the EU internal market. Furthermore, the thesis provides an interpretation of Article 107, paragraph 1 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, which contains four attributes of state aid: state resources, favoring certain undertaking or the production of certain goods, distortion of competition and effect on trade between EU Member States. Analysis of the attribute "effect on trade between Member States" is made in a separate part of the work. In this section, the work seeks to explore how European Commission and the Court of Justice of the European Union approach and interpret this attribute. Attention is paid especially to decision-making activities of the European Commission in recent years. Decisions of the Commission, as a body authoritatively determining whether a measure constitutes state aid, as well as the compatibility of state aid with the internal market, could also indicate the direction in which the state aid law will develop in the future. The analysis of the Commission's decisions found that not even potentially affects trade between Member States a measure with purely local impact. Such measure will...
16
Grmelová, Lucie. "Česká a americká podpora demokracie: případová studie Myanmar." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-438078.
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Democracy assistance aims to encourage democratization process or solidify already existing democratic system in a foreign country. The strategy that should accomplish such goal differs according to donor country. Similarly, there are differences between Czech and American democracy assistance approaches. Diploma thesis Czech and American democracy assistance: the case study of Myanmar examines contrasts between Czech and American democracy promotion in Myanmar within the period of major political changes. The Asian country underwent transformation starting in 2011 when military junta passed several reforms, opened up a dialog with political opposition and arranged partly free parliamentary elections in 2015. The thesis focuses on Czech and American assistance and its evolution from the prerevolution period starting in 2007, through the peak of reform changes, up to NLD winning the majority of parliamentary seats and their governance in 2018. Czech democracy assistance appears to be characterized by their focus on civil society activization and bottom-up approach. On the contrary, the United States stress more than Czech assistance projects marked with political approach, thus securing free and fair election processes and other functioning democratic institutions. The case study of Myanmar and...
17
Kolínková, Michaela. "Sociální souvislosti demografických změn a důsledky pro sociální politiku státu se zaměřením na aktivní stáří a se zřetelem na podporu zaměstnávání." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-333228.
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The topic of this diploma thesis is the social context of demographic changes and the consequences for social policy of the state with a focus on active aging and with respect to support of employment. In the first part of the thesis are described the basic terms and theoretical backgrounds. Emphasis is put on the social context of demographic changes and issue of active aging. Described are an international genesis and important international documents and initiatives to support active aging. In the second part of the thesis are analyzed the speed of aging, employment in old age and health of the elderly. In the research was ascertained how are applied the methods of Age Management in the banking sector of the Czech Republic. In the conclusion all gained data are evaluated.
18
Mitchell, Eva. "Finanční podpora rodin s dětmi v nové Evropě. Využití metody modelových rodin." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-348927.
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Dissertation explores the structure and level of financial support addressed to families with children in the Czech Republic and 19 other European countries as of December 2008. Attention is paid primarily to the "new" European countries, i.e. the region of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Through analysis of tax-benefit system this study examines where the Czech Republic stands in respect of family support within the European context and assesses which European policy is most similar to the Czech model of financial family support. There are two main parts. First one introduces the welfare state and family policy typologies and theories. Second one uses the model family method to answer the following questions: Which kind of family composition benefits most from the state support? Does the Czech tax- benefit system prioritize the traditional male-breadwinner family or does it encourage the dual-earner model? What is the position of Czech lone-parent families in comparison to other European countries? Is the Czech family policy aimed at the same types of family with children as is the Slovakian family policy or any other state policy in CEE? Are these two countries still following the same trend in respect to the financial family support? And where do the new European countries fit within the existing...
19
Nováková, Markéta. "Vliv agendy Evropské unie proti agresivnímu daňovému plánování na umožňování daňové optimalizace členskými státy EU." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-405514.
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Jurisdictions around the world currently compete to attract mobile capital of multinational companies by providing them the most favourable tax conditions. Some EU member states actively participate in tax competition. Over the past decade, the European Commission has successfully enacted a number of measures aimed at preventing multinational companies from implementing aggressive tax planning schemes. These measures aim to establish fair conditions for competitors on the internal market and to meet the demand of the public and of the international community for suppression of aggressive tax planning. The theoretical background of the thesis derives from the field of Law and Economics, specifically by using the concept of transaction costs and means of Economic analysis of criminality. This thesis aims to answer the question of whether the new EU legislation leaves room for the member states to continue in allowing multinational companies to optimize taxes in the ways targeted by the EU measures. The thesis consists of two case studies, which evaluate the impact of the rules on known tax optimization schemes. The first one analyses the impact of state aid proceedings on tax rulings and the second one analyses the influence of the controlled foreign company rule on harmful IP boxes. The objective...
20
Švejdová, Martina. "Mateřství z pohledu žen tří generací." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-414977.
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The topic of this work is a comparison of the perception of family policy and its tools from the perspective of mothers of 3 generations. We are interested in how these women evaluate family policy and its tools during their pregnancy and motherhood, as well as its changes over time. The aim of the thesis is to find out the perception of selected mothers during their motherhood from the point of view of social policy instruments that respond to the needs of motherhood, from the point of view of ways the state supports motherhood, from the point of view of perception of time course of motherhood and social view of mother and family. Based on the research goals, we set 3 main research questions. 1) How has the perception of motherhood within family life changed in the perspective of mothers from 3 generations? 2) Has the change in social policy instruments supporting families been reflected in the perspective of mothers from 3 generations? 3) How do mothers from 3 different generations perceive changes in family policy over time? At the beginning of our research, research preparation is carried out, mainly with the help of professional literature. The research itself is carried out using the focus group method with mothers from 3 generations, which are divided into 3 time categories for better...
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Černý, Filip. "Dispozice s investičním nárokem." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-373166.
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Disposal with an Investment Claim JUDr. Filip Černý International investment protection is very special legal discipline which stands at the borderline between public and private, international and national (domestic) law. The intersections between these legal areas produce a vast range of questions on the applicable law and the nature of the legal institutes inherent to investment protection. The legal system of investment protection is founded on a matrix consisting of bilateral and multilateral treaties and simultaneously shares some of the customary origins inherent to diplomatic protection of foreigners. The particularity of the investment protection system is given by the existence of the diagonal relations between the host state and the investor of the other state. The combination of the public international law sources and the diagonal relations developing inside the public international law matrix induce questions on the nature of such rights and obligations arising inside of the investment protection system among its actors. Author analyses these relations with an aim to determine the nature of the investment claim as a prerequisite for a volitional disposal of the investment claim by the investor.