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Journal articles on the topic 'POCS'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Ehlers, A., J. Osborne, S. Slack, R. L. Roper, and C. Upton. "Poxvirus Orthologous Clusters (POCs)." Bioinformatics 18, no. 11 (November 1, 2002): 1544–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/18.11.1544.

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2

Li, Xiao Qin, and Kang Ling Fang. "Super-Resolution by POCS-SIFT Approach." Applied Mechanics and Materials 519-520 (February 2014): 562–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.519-520.562.

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Projection Onto Convex Sets theory (POCS) and Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithm were introduced for super-resolution restoration of moving blurred image. In order to achieve a better restored image, a POCS-SIFT based super-resolution image restoration algorithm was proposed, which incorporates POCS theory and SIFT algorithm. From experimental results, the improved restored images are obtained by POCS-SIFT hybrid algorithm.

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3

Onoyama, Takumi, Wataru Hamamoto, Yuri Sakamoto, Shiho Kawahara, Taro Yamashita, Hiroki Koda, Soichiro Kawata, Yohei Takeda, Kazuya Matsumoto, and Hajime Isomoto. "Peroral Cholangioscopy-Guided Forceps Mapping Biopsy for Evaluation of the Lateral Extension of Biliary Tract Cancer." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 4 (February 5, 2021): 597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040597.

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Background: Peroral cholangioscopy (POCS)-guided forceps mapping biopsy (FMB) is a method for the accurate preoperative identification of the extent of the disease of biliary tract cancer (BTC). However, the diagnostic value of POCS-FMB is still uncertain. Objectives: We evaluated the diagnostic utility of POCS-FMB for the identification of lateral extension—superficial intraductal spread longitudinally and continuously from the main lesion—of BTC. Methods: In the retrospective study, patients who received POCS-FMB and surgery for curative resection of BTC between September 2016 and August 2019 at our medical institution were enrolled. The diagnostic accuracy of POCS-FMB for the identification of lateral extension of BTC was evaluated. Furthermore, we also evaluated the factors affecting the diagnostic accuracy of POCS-FMB. Results: A total of 23 patients with BTC were enrolled, and 24 procedures of POCS-FMB from 96 sites of biliary tracts were performed. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of POCS-FMB were 53.8%, 63.9%, and 63.1%, respectively. In the multivariate logistic regression analyses, the biopsy from the bifurcation of biliary tracts was a significant factor affecting the diagnostic accuracy of POCS-FMB (odds ratio 3.538, 95%; confidence interval 1.151–10.875, p = 0.027). Conclusions: The diagnostic accuracy of POCS-FMB for the identification of lateral extension of BTC was insufficient. The biopsy from the bifurcation of biliary tracts was a positive factor affecting the diagnostic accuracy of POCS-FMB.

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Kandasamy, Senthil Kumar, Balambigai Subramanian, Hemalatha Krishnamoorthy, Chandrasekaran Arumugam, Suganthi V, Yuvasri M, and Shreelogesh D. "Chemically Treated Activated Carbon for Supercapacitor Electrode Derived from Starch of Solanum Tuberosum." Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems 24, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14447/jnmes.v24i2.a04.

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Because of the increasing demands in energy, growth in alternate energy sources is inevitable. By activation followed by carbonization of starch of solanum tuberosum makes a porous carbon network as electrode material for supercapacitor. To achieve an improvement in specific capacitance, activating the starch of solanum tuberosum using chemicals such as hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid and sulphuric acid were done. The structural and electrochemical performance of activated carbon derived from the starch of solanum tuberosum is evaluated using FTIR, XRD, CV, GCD and EIS. The improved performance of chemically treated starch of solanum tuberosum in energy storage mechanism is ascribed to fast ionic diffusion of the electrolyte into and out of the pores. From the CV analysis, the higher specific capacitance (94 F.g-1) is obtained for sulphuric acid treated activated carbon derived from the starch of solanum tuberosum with good capacity retention ratio. From GCD analysis, 78.3, 56.7, 82.7 and 74.9 Fg-1 of specific capacitance is obtained for POC, POCH, POCP and POCS, respectively. When compared to all the prepared samples, POC exhibited small equivalent series resistance and POCS exhibited small charge transfer resistance.

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5

Kato, Masayuki, Takumi Onoyama, Yohei Takeda, Soichiro Kawata, Hiroki Kurumi, Hiroki Koda, Taro Yamashita, et al. "Peroral Cholangioscopy-Guided Forceps Biopsy and Endoscopic Scraper for the Diagnosis of Indeterminate Extrahepatic Biliary Stricture." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 6 (June 19, 2019): 873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8060873.

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Background: Peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) has become a widely-used technique in diagnosing indeterminate biliary strictures, enabling optical viewing of the biliary system and targeted biopsies under direct vision. The diagnostic utility of the new endoscopic scraper, Trefle®, for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) has also been reported. However, the diagnostic utility of POCS-guided and Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition for ECC has never been compared empirically. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition for diagnosing ECC compared with POCS-guided tissue sampling. Methods: Patients who underwent Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition or POCS-guided forceps biopsy to differentiate ECC from benign biliary disease between April 2014 and March 2018 were enrolled retrospectively. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition and POCS-guided forceps biopsy based on pathological evaluation. We also compared adverse events associated with Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition with those of POCS-guided forceps biopsy. Results: We enrolled 34 patients with biliary disease and performed Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition and POCS-guided forceps biopsy in 14 and 20 patients, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition were 87.5%, 83.3%, and 85.7%, respectively, and for POCS-guided forceps biopsy, these were 90.0% each. Statistical values of Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition and POCS-guided tissue acquisition were not significantly different. There were no significant differences in the occurrence of adverse events between the Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition and the POCS-guided forceps biopsy (35.7% vs. 25.0%, p = 0.770). Compared with patients who underwent POCS procedure, endoscopic sphincterotomy was performed for fewer patients who underwent Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The diagnostic ability of Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition for ECC is similar to that of POCS-guided tissue acquisition. Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition might also help to preserve the sphincter of Oddi and its digestive function.

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6

Kanno, Yoshihide, Shinsuke Koshita, Takahisa Ogawa, Kaori Masu, Hiroaki Kusunose, Toshitaka Sakai, Toji Murabayashi, et al. "Peroral cholangioscopy by SpyGlass DS versus CHF-B260 for evaluation of the lateral spread of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma." Endoscopy International Open 06, no. 11 (November 2018): E1349—E1354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0743-5283.

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Abstract Background and study aims A newly developed peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) system, SpyGlassDS has high maneuverability. This study aimed to evaluate acceptability of the accuracy of SpyGlassDS accompanied by simultaneous POCS-guided biopsy compared with that of a traditional POCS scope, CHF-B260, to diagnose the lateral extent of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (LEC). Patients and methods Patients who underwent surgical resection after preoperative examinations to diagnose LEC were evaluated. POCS by CHF-B260 was performed if there was discrepancy between preceding fluoroscopy-guided biopsy findings and other examinations between January 2004 and September 2015 (group A, n = 56); and POCS plus POCS-guided mapping biopsy by SpyGlassDS was performed in all surgical candidates between October 2015 and December 2017 (group B, n = 20). The main outcome measure was the accuracy of overall preoperative diagnosis (OPD) of LEC defined based on all examinations, including POCS. Results Accuracy of OPD for the liver side and the ampullary side was 93 % and 100 %, respectively, in group A, and 84 % and 100 %, respectively, in group B (P = 0.37 for the liver side; P, not available for the ampullary side). Diagnostic accuracy of simple optical evaluation by POCS for the liver side and the ampullary side was 83 % and 100 %, respectively, in group A, and 58 % and 88 %, respectively, in group B (P = 0.29 for the liver side; P = 0.40 for the ampullary side). Conclusions POCS by SpyGlassDS was found to be acceptable and could be a standard approach for diagnosis of LEC.

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7

Tanisaka, Yuki, Shomei Ryozawa, Kouichi Nonaka, Masami Yasuda, Akashi Fujita, Tomoya Ogawa, Masafumi Mizuide, Tomoaki Tashima, and Ryuichiro Araki. "Diagnosis of Biliary Strictures Using Probe-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy under the Direct View of Peroral Cholangioscopy: Results of a Prospective Study (with Video)." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2020 (December 31, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6342439.

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Background. The accurate diagnosis of biliary strictures remains problematic. The aim of the present study was to prospectively evaluate the clinical utility of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) under the direct view of peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) for the diagnosis of biliary strictures. Methods. Consecutive patients with biliary strictures were included. We investigated sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy to diagnose malignancy for (1) ERCP alone, (2) POCS, (3) pCLE under the direct view of POCS, and (4) tissue sampling under the direct view of POCS. Results. A total of 30 patients (17 with malignant lesions) were prospectively enrolled. (1) ERCP alone showed 88.2% sensitivity, 46.2% specificity, and 70% (95% confidence interval (CI), 52.1%–83.3%) accuracy. (2) POCS showed 100% sensitivity, 76.9% specificity, and 90% (95% CI, 74.4%–96.5%) accuracy. (3) pCLE under the direct view of POCS showed 94.1% sensitivity, 92.3% specificity, and 93.3% (95% CI, 78.7%–98.8%) accuracy. (4) Tissue sampling under the direct view of POCS showed 82.4% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 90% (95% CI, 74.4%–96.5%) accuracy. Conclusions. pCLE under the direct view of POCS provided highly accurate and sensitive characterization of biliary strictures and showed the potential for more diagnostic reliability and reduction of delays in diagnosis. This trial was registered at UMIN (registration number: UMIN000033801).

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8

van Wyk, B. J., and M. A. van Wyk. "A POCS-based graph matching algorithm." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 26, no. 11 (November 2004): 1526–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2004.95.

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9

Stasiński, Ryszard, and Janusz Konrad. "Improved POCS reconstruction of stereoscopic views." Signal Processing: Image Communication 17, no. 9 (October 2002): 689–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0923-5965(02)00080-2.

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10

Wang, Benfeng, Ru-Shan Wu, Yu Geng, and Xiaohong Chen. "Dreamlet-based interpolation using POCS method." Journal of Applied Geophysics 109 (October 2014): 256–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2014.08.008.

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11

Almadi, Majid A., Takao Itoi, Jong Ho Moon, Mahesh K. Goenka, Dong Wan Seo, Rungsun Rerknimitr, James Y. Lau, et al. "Using single-operator cholangioscopy for endoscopic evaluation of indeterminate biliary strictures: results from a large multinational registry." Endoscopy 52, no. 07 (April 14, 2020): 574–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1135-8980.

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Abstract Background Peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) of indeterminate biliary strictures aims to achieve a diagnosis through visual examination and/or by obtaining targeted biopsies under direct visualization. In this large, prospective, multinational, real-life experience of POCS-guided evaluation of indeterminate biliary strictures, we evaluated the performance of POCS in this difficult-to-manage patient population. Methods This prospective registry enrolled patients, with indeterminate biliary strictures across 20 centers in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. The primary end points were the ability to visualize the lesion, obtain histological sampling when intended, and an assessment of the diagnostic accuracy of POCS for malignant strictures. Patients were followed for 6 months after POCS or until a definitive malignant diagnosis was made, whichever occurred first. Results 289 patients underwent 290 POCS procedures with intent to biopsy in 182 cases. The stricture/filling defect was successfully visualized in 286/290 (98.6 %), providing a visual diagnostic impression in 253/290 (87.2 %) and obtaining adequate biopsies in 169/182 (92.9 %). Procedure-related adverse events occurred in 5/289 patients (1.7 %). POCS influenced patient management principally by elucidating filling defects or the causes of bile duct stricture or dilation. The visual impression of malignancy showed 86.7 % sensitivity, 71.2 % specificity, 65.8 % positive and 89.4 % negative predictive value, and 77.2 % overall accuracy compared with final diagnosis. Histological POCS-guided samples showed 75.3 % sensitivity, 100 % specificity, 100 % positive and 77.1 % negative predictive value, and 86.5 % overall accuracy. Conclusion In this large, real-life, prospective series, POCS was demonstrated to be an effective and safe intervention guiding the management of patients with indeterminate biliary strictures.

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12

Robles-Medranda, Carlos, Miguel Soria-Alcívar, Roberto Oleas, Jorge Baquerizo-Burgos, Miguel Puga-Tejada, Manuel Valero, and Hannah Pitanga-Lukashok. "Digital per-oral cholangioscopy to diagnose and manage biliary duct disorders: a single-center retrospective study." Endoscopy International Open 08, no. 06 (May 25, 2020): E796—E804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1153-8950.

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Abstract Background and study aims Digital, per-oral cholangioscopy (POCS) allows diagnosis of biliary ducts disorders and treatment for complicated stones. We aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of digital POCS systems for stricture lesions and the factors precluding complete biliary stone clearance. Patients and methods We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospective database of 265 consecutive patients referred for POCS between December 2016 and July 2018. We first analyzed the diagnostic accuracy of digital POCS for malignant and benign stricture lesions in 147 patients. Then, we analyzed the factors associated with complete or partial biliary stone clearance achieved with electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL) delivered via POCS in 118 patients. Results In the diagnostic group, digital POCS achieved 91 % visual-impression sensitivity, 99 % specificity, 99 % positive and 91 % negative predictive values, and 63.64 positive and 0.09 negative likelihood ratios for malignancy diagnosis. In the therapeutic group, complete biliary stone clearance was achieved by EHL in 94.9 % patients; the mean stone size was 20 mm (10–40 mm). In multivariable analyses, a stone size > 20 mm (OR: 1.020, P < 0.001) and the number of stones ≥ 3 (OR: 1.276, P < 001) was associated with partial biliary stone clearance. Adverse events were reported in 3.3 % patients; no deaths were reported 30 days after the procedure. Conclusions Digital POCS has excellent diagnostic efficacy for biliary lesions. EHL via POCS is effective for complicated biliary stone clearance. Stone size (> 20 mm) and the number of stones (≥ 3) are associated with partial biliary stone clearance.

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13

Li, Meng He, Chuan Lin, Jing Bei Tian, and Sheng Hui Pan. "An Algorithms for Super-Resolution Reconstruction of Video Based on Spatio-Temporal Adaptive." Advanced Materials Research 532-533 (June 2012): 1680–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.532-533.1680.

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For the weakness of conventional POCS algorithms, a novel spatio-temporal adaptive super-resolution reconstruction algorithm of video is proposed in this paper. The spatio-temporal adaptive mechanism, which is based on POCS super-resolution reconstruction algorithm, can effectively prevent reconstructed image from the influence of inaccuracy of motion information and avoid the impact of noise amplification, which exist in using conventional POCS algorithms to reconstruct image sequences in dramatic motion. Experimental results show that the spatio-temporal adaptive algorithm not only effectively alleviate amplification noise but is better than the traditional POCS algorithms in signal to noise ration.

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14

Lee, Jong-Hwa, and Chul-Hee Lee. "POCS Based Interpolation Method for Irregularly Sampled Image." Journal of Broadcast Engineering 16, no. 4 (July 31, 2011): 669–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5909/jeb.2011.16.4.669.

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15

Maydeo, Amit P., Rungsun Rerknimitr, James Y. Lau, Abdulrahman Aljebreen, Saad K. Niaz, Takao Itoi, Tiing Leong Ang, et al. "Cholangioscopy-guided lithotripsy for difficult bile duct stone clearance in a single session of ERCP: results from a large multinational registry demonstrate high success rates." Endoscopy 51, no. 10 (June 27, 2019): 922–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0942-9336.

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Abstract Background Peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) can be useful for difficult bile duct stone clearance. Large prospective multinational data on POCS-guided lithotripsy for clearing difficult bile duct stones in a single session of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are missing. Methods Patients with difficult bile duct stones (defined as one or more of: largest stone diameter ≥ 15 mm, failed prior attempt at stone clearance, impacted, multiple, hepatic duct location, or located above a stricture) were enrolled at 17 centers in 10 countries. The principal endpoint was stone clearance in a single ERCP procedure using POCS. Results 156 patients underwent 174 sessions of POCS-guided electrohydraulic or laser lithotripsy. Stone clearance had failed in a previous ERCP using traditional techniques in 124/156 patients (80 %), while 32 /156 patients (21 %) were referred directly to POCS-guided therapy based on preprocedural assessment of the difficulty of stone clearance. In 101/156 patients (65 %), there were impacted stones. POCS-guided stone clearance was achieved in a single POCS procedure in 125 /156 patients (80 %, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 73 % – 86 %), and was significantly more likely for stones ≤ 30 mm compared with > 30 mm (odds ratio 7.9, 95 %CI 2.4 – 26.2; P = 0.002). Serious adverse events occurred in 3/156 patients (1.9 %, 95 %CI 0.4 % – 5.5 %), and included pancreatitis, perforation due to laser lithotripsy, and cholangitis (n = 1 each), all resolved within 1 week. Conclusion POCS-guided lithotripsy is highly effective for clearance of difficult bile duct stones in a single procedure and successfully salvages most prior treatment failures. It may also be considered first-line therapy for patients with difficult choledocholithiasis to avoid serial procedures.

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Guo, Hua, Xiaodong Ma, Zhe Zhang, Bida Zhang, Chun Yuan, and Feng Huang. "POCS-enhanced inherent correction of motion-induced phase errors (POCS-ICE) for high-resolution multishot diffusion MRI." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 75, no. 1 (February 3, 2015): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.25594.

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17

Fujisawa, Toshio, Mako Ushio, Sho Takahashi, Wataru Yamagata, Yusuke Takasaki, Akinori Suzuki, Yoshihiro Okawa, et al. "Role of Peroral Cholangioscopy in the Diagnosis of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis." Diagnostics 10, no. 5 (April 29, 2020): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10050268.

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Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterized by idiopathic biliary stricture followed by progressive cholestasis and fibrosis. When diagnosing PSC, its differentiation from other types of sclerosing cholangitis and cholangiocarcinoma is necessary. The cholangioscopic findings of PSC have not been investigated sufficiently. PSC and IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis are difficult to distinguish by peroral cholangioscopy (POCS), but POCS is useful for excluding cholangiocarcinoma. POCS findings vary according to the condition and stage of disease. In the active phase, findings such as mucosal erythema, ulceration, fibrinous white exudate, and an irregular surface are observed and may reflect strong inflammation in the biliary epithelium. On the other hand, findings such as scarring, pseudodiverticula, and bile duct stenosis appear in the chronic phase and may reflect fibrosis and stenosis resulting from repeated inflammation. Observation of inside the bile duct by POCS might confirm the current PSC activity. Because POCS offers not only information regarding the diagnosis of PSC and PSC-associated cholangiocarcinoma but also the current statuses of biliary inflammation and stenosis, POCS could significantly contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of PSC once the characteristic findings of PSC are confirmed by future studies.

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Fukasawa, Yoshimitsu, Shinichi Takano, Mitsuharu Fukasawa, Shinya Maekawa, Makoto Kadokura, Hiroko Shindo, Ei Takahashi, et al. "Form-Vessel Classification of Cholangioscopy Findings to Diagnose Biliary Tract Carcinoma’s Superficial Spread." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 9 (May 7, 2020): 3311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093311.

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We aimed to evaluate a newly developed peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) classification system by comparing classified lesions with histological and genetic findings. We analyzed 30 biopsied specimens from 11 patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC) who underwent POCS. An original classification of POCS findings was made based on the biliary surface’s form (F factor, 4 grades) and vessel structure (V-factor, 3 grades). Findings were then compared with those of corresponding biopsy specimens analyzed histologically and by next-generation sequencing to identify somatic mutations. In addition, the histology of postoperative surgical stumps and preoperative POCS findings were compared. Histological malignancy rate in biopsied specimens increased with increasing F- and V-factor scores (F1, 0%; F1, 25%; F3, 50%; F4, 62.5%; p = 0.0015; V1, 0%; V2, 20%; V3, 70%; p < 0.001). Furthermore, we observed a statistically significant increase of the mutant allele frequency of mutated genes with increasing F- and V-factor scores (F factor, p = 0.0050; V-factor, p < 0.001). All surgical stumps were accurately diagnosed using POCS findings. The F–V classification of POCS findings is both histologically and genetically valid and will contribute to the methods of diagnosing the superficial spread of BTC tumors.

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Gamboa, Adriana C., Rachel M. Lee, Michael K. Turgeon, Ahmed Ahmed, Travis Edward Grotz, Keith F. Fournier, Sean Patrick Dineen, et al. "Implications of postoperative complications on survival after cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC: A multi-institutional analysis of the United States HIPEC Collaborative." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.4_suppl.40.

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40 Background: Postoperative complications (POCs) are associated with worse oncologic outcomes in various cancer histologies. The impact of POCs on the survival of patients with appendiceal or colorectal cancer after cytoreductive surgery/heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC) is unknown. Methods: US HIPEC Collaborative (2000-17) was reviewed for patients who underwent CCR0/1 CRS/HIPEC for appendiceal/colorectal cancer. Analysis was stratified by non-invasive appendiceal neoplasm vs invasive appendiceal/colorectal adenocarcinoma. POCs were grouped into infectious, cardiopulmonary, thromboembolic and intestinal dysmotility. Primary outcomes were 3-yr overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Results: Of 1304 pts, median age was 55 yrs, 41% were male (n = 537), 33% had non-invasive appendiceal (n = 426) and 67% had invasive appendiceal/colorectal adenocarcinoma (n = 878). In the non-invasive appendiceal cohort, POCs were identified in 55% (n = 233) and OS and RFS did not differ between patients who experienced a complication and those who did not (OS 94 vs 94% p = 0.26; RFS 68 vs 60% p = 0.15). In the invasive appendiceal/colorectal adenocarcinoma cohort, however, POCs (63%; n = 555) were associated with decreased OS (59 vs 74% p < 0.001) and RFS (32 vs 42% p < 0.001). Infectious POCs were most common (35%; n = 196). On MV analysis accounting for gender, PCI and incomplete resection (CCR1), infectious POCs in particular were associated with decreased OS compared to no complication (HR 2.08 95%CI 1.48-2.93 p < 0.01) or other types of complications (HR 1.7 95%CI 1.28-2.25 p < 0.01). This association persisted for infectious POCs and reduced RFS (HR 1.61 95%CI 1.23-2.10 p < 0.01). Conclusions: Postoperative complications are associated with decreased OS and RFS after CRS/HIPEC for invasive histology, but not for an indolent disease like non-invasive appendiceal neoplasm. Of all complication types, infectious complications are the main driver for this association. The exact mechanism is not known, but may be immunologic. Efforts must target best practices and standardized prevention strategies to minimize infectious POCs.

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Jin, Linda, Bradley Krasnick, Jesse Davidson, Cecilia Grace Ethun, Timothy M. Pawlik, George A. Poultsides, Thuy Tran, et al. "The effect of postoperative morbidity on long-term survival after curative resection for extra-hepatic biliary tumors: A multi-institution analysis from the U.S. Extrahepatic Biliary Malignancy Consortium." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2016): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.4_suppl.435.

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435 Background: Surgical resection is the cornerstone of curative therapy for extrahepatic biliary tumors (EHBTs) Postoperative complications (POCs) can negatively impact survival after oncologic resection. We evaluated the impact of POCs on survival after resection of EHBTs. Methods: We analyzed 914 patients from ten institutions of the U.S. Extrahepatic Biliary Malignancy Consortium who underwent curative resection for gallbladder adenocarcinoma (n=389), hilar (n=295) and distal (n=294) cholangiocarcinoma between 1998 and 2015. POCs were graded using the modified Clavien-Dindo system. Overall survival (OS) probabilities were estimated using the method of Kaplan and Meier and analyzed using multivariate Cox regression. Results: Median follow-up was 20 months. The median age was 66 years, and the overall complication rate was 54%. Complication rates were significantly higher in patients with distal or hilar cholangiocarcinoma (62%) when compared with gallbladder cancer (41%, p<0.001). For all cancer types, patients who experienced POCs had lower 5-year OS when compared with those who did not (18% vs 28%, p<0.001). On multivariate Cox regression, POC remained an independent predictor for decreased OS (HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3-1.9, p<0.001; Table). Among patients who experienced POCs, survival did not differ by greatest Clavien grade of complication experienced (p=0.89), however patients who had 2 or more POCs did have decreased long term survival when compared with patients with only a single POC (HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2-1.8, p=0.001). Conclusions: POCs adversely affect long-term outcomes after curative resection for extra-hepatic biliary tumors. While any complication grade did not have a significant impact on long-term survival, increasing number of POCs did significantly worsen the prognosis for OS. [Table: see text]

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21

Mytsyk, Bohdan, Nataliya Demyanyshyn, Anatoliy Andrushchak, and Oleh Buryy. "Photoelastic Properties of Trigonal Crystals." Crystals 11, no. 9 (September 8, 2021): 1095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11091095.

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All possible experimental geometries of the piezo-optic effect in crystals of trigonal symmetry are studied in detail through the interferometric technique, and the corresponding expressions for the calculation of piezo-optic coefficients (POCs) πim and some sums of πim based on experimental data obtained from the samples of direct and X/45°-cuts are given. The reliability of the values of POCs is proven by the convergence of πim obtained from different experimental geometries as well as by the convergence of some sums of POCs. Because both the signs and the absolute values of POCs π14 and π41 are defined by the choice of the right crystal-physics coordinate system, we here use the system whereby the condition S14 > 0 is fulfilled (S14 is an elastic compliance coefficient). The absolute value and the sign of S14 are determined by piezo-optic interferometric method from two experimental geometries. The errors of POCs are calculated as mean square values of the errors of the half-wave stresses and the elastic term. All components of the matrix of elasto-optic coefficients pin are calculated based on POCs and elastic stiffness coefficients. The technique is tested on LiTaO3 crystal. The obtained results are compared with the corresponding data for trigonal LiNbO3 and Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 crystals.

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22

Ben Mahmoud, A., H. Klaa, I. Kraoua, H. Benrhouma, A. Rouissi, and I. Ben Youssef-Turki. "Encéphalopathie à POCS révélant une lésion thalamique." Revue Neurologique 170 (April 2014): A123—A124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2014.01.337.

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Liu, Y., and S. Ranganath. "Wavelet in POCS for image segment representation." Electronics Letters 39, no. 19 (2003): 1379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20030894.

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Tian, Bin, Robert J. Sclabassi, Jennting T. Hsu, Qiang Liu, Ching Chung Li, and Mingui Sun. "A wavelet transform based POCS Superresolution algorithm." Journal of Electronics (China) 24, no. 5 (September 2007): 642–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11767-006-0023-7.

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Das, Aditi, Daniel Smith, and Rashmi G. Mathew. "Predictors of ophthalmology career success (POCS) study." BMJ Open Ophthalmology 6, no. 1 (July 2021): e000735. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2021-000735.

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ObjectiveOphthalmology is the busiest outpatient specialty with demand predicted to rise over 40% in the next 20 years. A significant increase in the number of trainee ophthalmologists is required to fill currently vacant consultant posts and meet the UK’s workforce demands by 2038. Our aim was to understand what determines success in ophthalmology training, in order to inform future ophthalmologists, refine recruitment and facilitate workforce planning.Methods and AnalysisThis was a retrospective longitudinal cohort study using routinely collected data available from UK Medical Education Database (UKMED) (https://www.ukmed.ac.uk/). Data were analysed on 1350 candidates who had applied for ophthalmology specialty training (OST) between 2012 and 2018, as well as 495 candidates who had attempted Fellow of the Royal College of Ophthalmologists (FRCOphth) Part 1 between 2013 and 2018. Participants who had not obtained their primary medical qualification from the UK medical schools were excluded. Primary outcome measures included gaining a place on the OST programme and passing the FRCOphth Part 1 examination on first attempt.ResultsHigher education performance measure decile scores at medical school are strongly predictive in securing an OST post and passing the part 1 examination first time (p<0.001). Candidates who attempt FRCOphth Part 1 prior to their ST1 application are more likely to get a place on OST on first attempt. Socioeconomic factors, gender and ethnicity do not influence success in OST entry. Male trainees are more likely to pass FRCOphth Part 1 on their first attempt.ConclusionThis study is the first quantitative assessment of the factors that determine success in OST recruitment and ophthalmology postgraduate examinations in the UK. Similar studies should be undertaken in all other medical and surgical specialties to understand what factors predict success.

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Jin, Linda X., Lindsey E. Moses, Yan Yan, Malcolm Hart Squires, Sharon M. Weber, Mark Bloomston, George A. Poultsides, et al. "The effect of postoperative morbidity on survival after resection for gastric adenocarcinoma: Results from the U.S. Gastric Cancer Collaborative." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2014): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.3_suppl.5.

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5 Background: The negative impact of postoperative complications (POCs) on survival is well documented for many cancer types, but has not been well described in gastric cancer. Here, we evaluated the effect of POCs on survival after surgery for gastric cancer in a cohort of patients from a multi-institutional database. Methods: Patients who underwent surgery with curative intent for gastric adenocarcinoma between 2000-2012 from participating institutions of the U.S. Gastric Cancer Collaborative were analyzed. Patients who died within 30 days of surgery were excluded. Ninety-day postoperative complication data were collected. Survival probabilities were estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared using the log-rank test. Results: A total of 853 patients from seven institutions met inclusion criteria. Median follow-up was 32 months. The overall complication rate was 40% (n=344). The most frequent complications were: infectious (25%, including surgical site infection [8%]), and anastomotic leak (6%). 7% of patients underwent reoperation during the same hospitalization. Five-year overall survival (OS) for patients without perioperative complications was 54%, compared with 39% for patients with POCs (p=0.001). Disease free survival (DFS) at five years was 61% for patients without POCs compared to 49% in patients with POCs (p=0.002). Patients without POCs were significantly more likely to receive adjuvant therapy (55% vs 42%; p<0.001). Conclusions: In a large, multi-institutional cohort, POCs were associated with decreased survival in patients undergoing surgery for gastric adenocarcinoma. This may be due, in part, to the negative impact of complications on the receipt of adjuvant therapy. Efforts aimed at reducing perioperative morbidity are important not only for short-term surgical outcomes, but also for enhancing long-term oncologic outcomes in patients with gastric cancer. [Table: see text]

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Gomi, Tsutomu, and Yukio Koibuchi. "Use of a Total Variation Minimization Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm to Evaluate Reduced Projections during Digital Breast Tomosynthesis." BioMed Research International 2018 (June 19, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5239082.

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Purpose. We evaluated the efficacies of the adaptive steepest descent projection onto convex sets (ASD-POCS), simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART), filtered back projection (FBP), and maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) total variation minimization iterative algorithms for reducing exposure doses during digital breast tomosynthesis for reduced projections. Methods. Reconstructions were evaluated using normal (15 projections) and half (i.e., thinned-out normal) projections (seven projections). The algorithms were assessed by determining the full width at half-maximum (FWHM), and the BR3D Phantom was used to evaluate the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for the in-focus plane. A mean similarity measure of structural similarity (MSSIM) was also used to identify the preservation of contrast in clinical cases. Results. Spatial resolution tended to deteriorate in ASD-POCS algorithm reconstructions involving a reduced number of projections. However, the microcalcification size did not affect the rate of FWHM change. The ASD-POCS algorithm yielded a high CNR independently of the simulated mass lesion size and projection number. The ASD-POCS algorithm yielded a high MSSIM in reconstructions from reduced numbers of projections. Conclusions. The ASD-POCS algorithm can preserve contrast despite a reduced number of projections and could therefore be used to reduce radiation doses.

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Li, Xiao Qin, Kang Ling Fang, and Can Jin. "Super-Resolution Restoration for Image Based on Entropy Constraint and Projection onto Convex Set." Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (February 2012): 1041–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.1041.

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Super-resolution reconstruction for image breaks through the resolution limit of imaging systems without hardware change. The algorithm of projection onto convex set (POCS) is a typical super-resolution reconstruction algorithm in spatial domain. The classical algorithm of POCS lacks the overall constraint for the image, and the convergence rate for iteration is incontrollable. A new super-resolution restoration algorithm for image based on entropy constraint and POCS is proposed in this paper, and experiments with optical and millimeter wave images demonstrate that the new algorithm is effective in improving the precision of super-resolution restoration.

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Gamboa, Adriana C., Rachel M. Lee, Michael K. Turgeon, Christopher Varlamos, Scott E. Regenbogen, Katherine Hrebinko, Jennifer Holder-Murray, et al. "Impact of postoperative complications on oncologic outcomes after rectal cancer surgery: An analysis of the United States Rectal Cancer Consortium." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.4_suppl.41.

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41 Background: Postoperative complications (POCs) are associated with worse oncologic outcomes in several cancer types. The implications of complications after rectal cancer surgery are not known. Methods: The US Rectal Cancer Consortium (2007-17) was reviewed for patients with primary rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent R0/R1 low anterior resection (LAR) or abdominoperineal resection (APR). 90-day POCs were categorized as major vs minor and grouped into infectious, cardiopulmonary (CP), thromboembolic (TE), renal, or intestinal dysmotility. Primary outcomes were 5-yr overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Results: Of 1136 pts, median age was 59 yrs (IQR 51-67), 61% were male (n = 693), median f/u was 31 mos (IQR 13-54). 70% underwent LAR (n = 799) and 30% APR (n = 337). Complication rate was 46% (n = 527), with 63% minor (n = 330) and 32% major (n = 170). Of all POCs, infectious complications comprised 20% (n = 105), cardiopulmonary 3% (n = 14), thromboembolic 5% (n = 25), renal 9% (n = 46) and intestinal dysmotility 19% (n = 100). When compared to minor or no POCs, major POCs were associated with both worse RFS (48 vs 63 vs 76% p < 0.01) and OS (64 vs 76 vs 80% p < 0.01). While a single POC was associated with worse RFS (61 vs 76% p < 0.01), multiple POCs were associated with worse OS (62% vs 79% p = 0.02). Regardless of complication grade, infectious POCs were associated with worse RFS (56 vs 76% p < 0.01) while CP and TE POCs were associated with worse OS (CP 40 vs 78% p < 0.01; TE 63 vs 78% p < 0.01). Postoperative renal dysfunction was associated with both worse RFS (26 vs 76%, p < 0.001) and OS (62 vs 78% p = 0.01). This persisted on MV analysis for OS when accounting for pathologic stage, receipt of neoadjuvant therapy, and final margin status (CP: HR 3.6 p = 0.01; TE: HR 19.4 p < 0.01; renal: HR 2.4 p = 0.01) and for RFS (infectious: HR 2.1 p < 0.01; renal: HR 3.2 p < 0.01). Conclusions: Major complications after proctectomy for cancer are associated with decreased recurrence-free and overall survival. Given the association of infectious complications and postoperative renal dysfunction with earlier recurrence of disease, efforts must be directed towards defining best practices and standardizing care.

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O'Donnell, Paul. "El Català: Una Llengua de Molts Pocs Néts." Catalan Review 24 (January 2010): 373–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/catr.24.1.373.

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Fung, Y. H., and Y. H. Chan. "POCS-based algorithm for restoring colour-quantised images." IEE Proceedings - Vision, Image, and Signal Processing 151, no. 2 (2004): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-vis:20040194.

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Cram, David. "Mosaicism and segmentals in POCs and prenatal diagnosis." Reproductive BioMedicine Online 36 (March 2018): e2-e3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2017.10.006.

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Ozkan, M. K., A. M. Tekalp, and M. I. Sezan. "POCS-based restoration of space-varying blurred images." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 3, no. 4 (July 1994): 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/83.298398.

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Yoon Kim, Chun-Su Park, and Sung-Jea Ko. "Fast POCS based post-processing technique for HDTV." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 49, no. 4 (November 2003): 1438–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.2003.1261252.

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Kim, Yoon, Chun-Su Park, and Sung-Jea Ko. "Frequency domain post-processing technique based on POCS." Electronics Letters 39, no. 22 (2003): 1583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20031025.

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Li, Zhong-xiao, Qiang Zhao, and Jia-hua Zhang. "Robust POCS method for interpolation of seismic data." Journal of Applied Geophysics 170 (November 2019): 103817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2019.07.011.

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Sánchez-Ávila, C., and A. R. Figueiras-Vidal. "New POCS algorithms for regularization of inverse problems." Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 72, no. 1 (July 1996): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-0427(95)00243-x.

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Cui, Min, Cheng Li, Yingjun Chen, Fan Zhang, Jun Li, Bin Jiang, Yangzhi Mo, et al. "Molecular characterization of polar organic aerosol constituents in off-road engine emissions using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS): implications for source apportionment." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 22 (November 20, 2019): 13945–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13945-2019.

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Abstract. The molecular compositions of polar organic compounds (POCs) in particles emitted from various vessels and excavators were characterized using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), and possible molecular structures of POCs were proposed. POCs were extracted with purified water and sorted by elemental composition into three groups: CHO, CHON, and S-containing compounds (CHONS and CHOS). The results show the following. (i) CHO (accounting for 49 % of total POCs in terms of peak response) was the most abundant group for all tested off-road engines, followed by CHON (33 %) and CHOS (35 %) for diesel and HFO (heavy-fuel-oil)-fueled off-road engines. (ii) The abundance and structure of the CHON group in water extracts were different in terms of engine type and load. The relative peak response of CHON was the highest for excavator emissions in working mode, compared to the idling and moving modes. Furthermore, dinitrophenol and methyl dinitrophenol were potentially the most abundant emission species for high-rated speed excavators, while nitronaphthol and methyl nitronaphthol were more important for low-rated speed vessels. (iii) The composition and structure of the S-containing compounds were directly influenced by fuel oil characteristics (sulfur content and aromatic ring), with more condensed aromatic rings in the S-containing compounds proposed in HFO-fueled vessel emissions. More abundant aliphatic chains were inferred in diesel equipment emissions. Overall, higher fractions of condensed hydrocarbons and aromatic rings in POCs emitted from vessels using HFO cause strong optical absorption capacity. Different structures in POCs could provide a direction for qualitative and quantitative analysis of organic compounds as tracers to distinguish these emissions from diesel or HFO-fueled off-road engines.

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Bianco, Kristina, Robert Norton, Frank Schwab, Justin S. Smith, Eric Klineberg, Ibrahim Obeid, Gregory Mundis, et al. "Complications and intercenter variability of three-column osteotomies for spinal deformity surgery: a retrospective review of 423 patients." Neurosurgical Focus 36, no. 5 (May 2014): E18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.2.focus1422.

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Object Three-column resection osteotomies (3COs) are commonly performed for sagittal deformity but have high rates of reported complications. Authors of this study aimed to examine the incidence of and intercenter variability in major intraoperative complications (IOCs), major postoperative complications (POCs) up to 6 weeks postsurgery, and overall complications (that is, both IOCs and POCs). They also aimed to investigate the incidence of and intercenter variability in blood loss during 3CO procedures. Methods The incidence of IOCs, POCs, and overall complications associated with 3COs were retrospectively determined for the study population and for each of 8 participating surgical centers. The incidence of major blood loss (MBL) over 4 L and the percentage of total blood volume lost were also determined for the study population and each surgical center. Complication rates and blood loss were compared between patients with one and those with two osteotomies, as well as between patients with one thoracic osteotomy (ThO) and those with one lumbar or sacral osteotomy (LSO). Risk factors for developing complications were determined. Results Retrospective review of prospectively acquired data for 423 consecutive patients who had undergone 3CO at 8 surgical centers was performed. The incidence of major IOCs, POCs, and overall complications was 7%, 39%, and 42%, respectively, for the study population overall. The most common IOC was spinal cord deficit (2.6%) and the most common POC was unplanned return to the operating room (19.4%). Patients with two osteotomies had more POCs (56% vs 38%, p = 0.04) than the patients with one osteotomy. Those with ThO had more IOCs (16% vs 6%, p = 0.03), POCs (58% vs 34%, p < 0.01), and overall complications (67% vs 37%, p < 0.01) than the patients with LSO. There was significant variation in the incidence of IOCs, POCs, and overall complications among the 8 sites (p < 0.01). The incidence of MBL was 24% for the study population, which varied significantly between sites (p < 0.01). Patients with MBL had a higher risk of IOCs, POCs, and overall complications (OR 2.15, 1.76, and 2.01, respectively). The average percentage of total blood volume lost was 55% for the study population, which also varied among sites (p < 0.01). Conclusions Given the complexity of 3COs for spinal deformity, it is important for spine surgeons to understand the risk factors and complication rates associated with these procedures. In this study, the overall incidence of major complications following 3CO procedures was 42%. Risks for developing complications included an older age (> 60 years), two osteotomies, ThO, and MBL.

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Candido, Helry L., Eduardo A. da Fonseca, Flávia H. Feier, Renata Pugliese, Marcel A. Benavides, Enis D. Silva, Karina Gordon, et al. "Risk Factors Associated with Increased Morbidity in Living Liver Donation." Journal of Transplantation 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/949674.

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Living donor liver donation (LDLD) is an alternative to cadaveric liver donation. We aimed at identifying risk factors and developing a score for prediction of postoperative complications (POCs) after LDLD in donors. This is a retrospective cohort study in 688 donors between June 1995 and February 2014 at Hospital Sírio-Libanês and A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, in São Paulo, Brazil. Primary outcome was POC graded ≥III according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Left lateral segment (LLS), left lobe (LL), and right lobe resections (RL) were conducted in 492 (71.4%), 109 (15.8%), and 87 (12.6%) donors, respectively. In total, 43 (6.2%) developed POCs, which were more common after RL than LLS and LL (14/87 (16.1%) versus 23/492 (4.5%) and 6/109 (5.5%), resp.,p<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that RL resection (OR: 2.81, 95% CI: 1.32 to 3.01;p=0.008), smoking status (OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.35 to 7.56;p=0.012), and blood transfusion (OR: 3.15, 95% CI: 1.45 to 6.84;p=0.004) were independently associated with POCs. RL resection, intraoperative blood transfusion, and smoking were associated with increased risk for POCs in donors.

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Tyagi, Anand Prakash, and Praduman Lal. "Correlation and path coefficient analysis in sugarcane." South Pacific Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 25, no. 1 (2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sp07001.

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Correlation and path coefficient analysis was undertaken among agronomic and bio-chemical characters of importance in sugarcane. Correlation between agronomic characters revealed positive and significant (P = 0.01) correlation between plant volume and number of millable stalks (0.874), plant volume and weight per stalk (0.812), plant volume and weight of millable stalks (0.962), plant volume and stalk thickness (0.842), number of millable stalks and weight of millable stalks (0.889) and other agronomic characters. There was a non-significant but positive correlation between number of millable stalks refractrometer brix (0.05), number of millable stalks and stalk height (0.285) and other characters. In case of bio-chemical characters, positive and significant (P = 0.01) correlation was recorded between Pure Obtainable Cane Sugar (POCS) and pol (0.901), POCS and purity (0.763) and pol and purity (0.780). Negative but non-significant correlation was observed between POCS and fibre. Correlation studies indicate that for sugarcane yield plant volume, plant height, number of millable stalks per stool, stalk thickness and weight of millable stalks are the most important characters. However, for biochemical characters POCS, pol and purity are the most important characters. Path coefficient analysis in the case of agronomic characters showed revealed that the weight of millable stalks was the most important character with the highest direct effect on sugarcane yield followed by stalk height, number of millable stalks and stalk thickness among agronomic traits. In bio-chemical characters highest direct effect was on percent POCS followed by percent purity and percent fibre. In nutshell correlation and path coefficient analysis in present study suggests that clones or varieties with high plant volume, plant height, and other agronomic characters should be used in hybridization programme.

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Mousa, Wail A., Mirko van der Baan, Said Boussakta, and Desmond C. McLernon. "Designing stable extrapolators for explicit depth extrapolation of 2D and 3D wavefields using projections onto convex sets." GEOPHYSICS 74, no. 2 (March 2009): S33—S45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3077621.

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We have developed a robust algorithm for designing explicit depth extrapolation operators using the projections-onto-convex-sets (POCS) method. The operators are optimal in the sense that they satisfy all required extrapolation design characteristics. In addition, we propose a simple modification of the POCS algorithm (modified POCS, or MPOCS) that further enhances the stability of extrapolated wavefields and reduces the number of iterations required to design such operators to approximately 2% of that required for the basic POCS design algorithm. Various synthetic tests show that 25-coefficient 1D extrapolation operators, which have 13 unique coefficients, can accommodate dip angles up to 70°. We migrated the SEG/EAGE salt model data with the operators and compare our results with images obtained via extrapolators based on modified Taylor series and with wavefield extrapolation techniques such as phase shift plus interpolation (PSPI) and split-step Fourier. The MPOCS algorithm provides practically stable depth extrapolators. The resulting migrated section is comparable in quality to an expensive PSPI result and visibly outperforms the other two techniques. Strong dips and subsalt structures are imaged clearly. Finally, we extended the 1D extrapolator design algorithm, using MPOCS for 2D extrapolation, to the 2D case to perform 3D extrapolation; the result is a perfect circularly symmetric migration impulse response.

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Romain, Ahmed Jérôme, Caroline Horwath, and Paquito Bernard. "Prediction of Physical Activity Level Using Processes of Change From the Transtheoretical Model: Experiential, Behavioral, or an Interaction Effect?" American Journal of Health Promotion 32, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117116686900.

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Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to compare prediction of physical activity (PA) by experiential or behavioral processes of change (POCs) or an interaction between both types of processes. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: This study was conducted using an online questionnaire. Participants: A total of 394 participants (244 women, 150 men), with a mean age of 35.12 ± 12.04 years and a mean body mass index of 22.97 ± 4.25 kg/m2 were included. Measures: Participants completed the Processes of Change, Stages of Change questionnaires, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire to evaluate self-reported PA level (total, vigorous, and moderate PA). Analysis: Hierarchical multiple regression models were used to test the prediction of PA level. Results: For both total PA (β = .261; P < .001) and vigorous PA (β = .297; P < .001), only behavioral POCs were a significant predictor. Regarding moderate PA, only the interaction between experiential and behavioral POCs was a significant predictor (β = .123; P = .017). Conclusion: Our results provide confirmation that behavioral processes are most prominent in PA behavior. Nevertheless, it is of interest to note that the interaction between experiential and behavioral POCs was the only element predicting moderate PA level. Experiential processes were not associated with PA level.

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Ge, Zi-Jian, Jing-Ye Li, Shu-Lin Pan, and Xiao-Hong Chen. "A fast-convergence POCS seismic denoising and reconstruction method." Applied Geophysics 12, no. 2 (June 2015): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11770-015-0485-1.

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Abma, Ray, and Nurul Kabir. "3D interpolation of irregular data with a POCS algorithm." GEOPHYSICS 71, no. 6 (November 2006): E91—E97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2356088.

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Seismic surveys generally have irregular areas where data cannot be acquired. These data should often be interpolated. A projection onto convex sets (POCS) algorithm using Fourier transforms allows interpolation of irregularly populated grids of seismic data with a simple iterative method that produces high-quality results. The original 2D image restoration method, the Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm, is extended easily to higher dimensions, and the 3D version of the process used here produces much better interpolations than typical 2D methods. The only parameter that makes a substantial difference in the results is the number of iterations used, and this number can be overestimated without degrading the quality of the results. This simplicity is a significant advantage because it relieves the user of extensive parameter testing. Although the cost of the algorithm is several times the cost of typical 2D methods, the method is easily parallelized and still completely practical.

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Samsonov, Alexey A., Julia Velikina, Youngkyoo Jung, Eugene G. Kholmovski, Chris R. Johnson, and Walter F. Block. "POCS-enhanced correction of motion artifacts in parallel MRI." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 63, no. 4 (April 2010): 1104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.22254.

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Jin, Jie, Lili Dong, Yuhang Jiang, Meng Zhang, and Wenhai Xu. "Image Super Resolution Based on Gradient Constrained POCS Method." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1237 (June 2019): 032033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1237/3/032033.

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Tang, Ling. "Blind Super-Resolution Image Reconstruction Based on Weighted POCS." International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering 11, no. 5 (May 31, 2016): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijmue.2016.11.5.34.

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Çetin, A. E., H. Özaktaş, and H. M. Ozaktas. "Resolution enhancement of low resolution wavefields with POCS algorithm." Electronics Letters 39, no. 25 (2003): 1808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20031119.

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Xiao, Chuangbai, Jing Yu, and Kaina Su. "Gibbs artifact reduction for POCS super-resolution image reconstruction." Frontiers of Computer Science in China 2, no. 1 (March 2008): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11704-008-0002-2.

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