Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pneumatic control Simulation methods

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Pneumatic control Simulation methods'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Pneumatic control Simulation methods"

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Li, Wen, and Hong Min Li. "A Pneumatic Miniature Robotic Control System Based on Improved Single Neural Network PID Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 347-350 (August 2013): 733–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.347-350.733.

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At present pneumatic miniature robotic control system usually adopts PID control strategy. The basic PID control strategy has its limitations. To cope with this problem, a lot of methods to optimize this strategy have been researched. In the paper an improved single neural network PID control strategy is put forward. The control strategy is a single neuron adaptive controller with adjusting weighting coefficient. Both simulation and experimental results indicate that this scheme is a feasible control method for the 3-dof pneumatic miniature robotic control system.
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Yao, Ning. "Control of Speed Analysis of Pneumatic Servo Manipulator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 473 (December 2013): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.473.255.

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This paper established a mathematical model of the Pneumatic manipulator speed servo system, and its simulation is passed by Simulink. Through the analysis of systems performance,the PID correction methods of the system is improved. The stability of the system is increased greatly after the PID correction. In the end, the improved method is pointed out.
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MILECKI, Andrzej, and Dominik RYBARCZYK. "Investigations of applications of smart materials and methods in fluid valves and drives." Journal of Machine Engineering 19, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6235.

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In the paper the investigations performed at the Division of Mechtronic Devices at Poznan University of Technology in the area of application of both: smart materials in electro-hydraulic and electro-pneumatic valves, and new methods to control of hydraulic servo drives, are presented. In a first part the piezo bender actuator is shortly described and its application in servo valve is proposed. This actuator replaced the torque motor in the available on the market servo valve. The new valve simulation model is proposed. The simulation and investigations results of the servo valve with the piezo bending actuator are included. In the next part of the paper the application of piezo tube actuator in flapper-nozzle pneumatic valve is described. The test stand and investigations results are presented. Later, in the article, the Model Following Control (MFC) and Fractional order Control (FoC) methods are described. Their application in control of electrohydraulic servo drive is proposed. Some investigations results are included in the paper, showing the advantages of those control methods.
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Blasiak, Slawomir, Pawel Andrzej Laski, and Jakub Emanuel Takosoglu. "Rapid Prototyping of Pneumatic Directional Control Valves." Polymers 13, no. 9 (April 30, 2021): 1458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091458.

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The main objective of the study was to design a pneumatic directional control valve for controlling pneumatic drives and produce it using a rapid prototyping technique. As the basic design assumption was to achieve high performance through a high flow rate and a low pressure drop, it was necessary to determine two flow parameters: the sonic conductance and the critical pressure ratio. The flow rate of compressed air and the diameters of the pneumatic conduits and fittings are important as they affect the rate of travel of the pneumatic cylinder piston. The 3D solid model of the directional control valve, developed in a CAD program, was used to simulate and optimize the flow rate. The analysis was performed by means of ANSYS CFX, a computational flow dynamics program. The main elements of the valve, i.e., the spool and the body, were produced using the PolyJet Matrix technology. The prototype was tested experimentally to determine the nominal flow-rate, calculate the flow parameters in accordance with the ISO 6358-1989 standard and compare them with the CFD simulation data. The simulation results showed very good agreement with the measurement data. The CFD analysis of the 3D solid model enabled us to optimize the flow of compressed air through the valve. The rapid prototyping method was found to be suitable to produce a fully functional directional control valve, which was confirmed through measurements at a test stand. The attempt to combine rapid prototyping used to fabricate pneumatic directional control valves with CFD used to simulate their operation was successful. The study shows that it is possible to design and construct a fully functional directional control valve characterized by high efficiency, high performance and a small pressure loss in a very short time and at a very low cost, which makes rapid prototyping superior to conventional methods of prototype making.
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Elobaid, Youssif Mohamed Toum, Jain Huang, and Yongji Wang. "Nonlinear Disturbance Observer Based Robust Tracking Control of Pneumatic Muscle." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/872093.

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Presently pneumatic muscles (PMs) are used in various applications due to their simple construction, lightweight, and high force-to-weight ratio. However, pneumatic muscles are facing various problems due to their nonlinear characteristics and various uncertainties in real applications. To cope with the uncertainties and strong nonlinearity of a PM model, a nonlinear disturbance observer (NDO) is designed to estimate the lumped disturbance. Based on the disturbance observer, the tracking control of PM is studied. Stability analysis based on Lyapunov method with respect to our proposed control law is discussed. The simulation results show the validity, effectiveness, and enhancing robustness of the proposed methods.
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Zhang, Yu, Wenchuan Zhao, Ning Wang, and Dengyu Lu. "Development and Performance Analysis of Pneumatic Soft-Bodied Bionic Basic Execution Unit." Journal of Robotics 2020 (November 3, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8860550.

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This paper studies the design of pneumatic soft-bodied bionic basic execution unit with soft-rigid combination, which can be used as an actuator for pneumatic soft-bodied robots and soft-bodied manipulators. This study is inspired by structural characteristics and motion mechanism of biological muscles, combined with the nonlinear hyperelasticity of silica gel and the insertion of thin leaf spring structure in the nonretractable layer. Response surface analysis and numerical simulation algorithm are used to determine the optimal combination of structural dimension parameters by taking the maximum output bending angle of the basic executing unit as the optimization objective. Based on Odgen’s third-order constitutive model, the deformation analysis model of the basic execution unit is established. The physical model of pneumatic soft-bodied bionic basic execution unit is prepared through 3D printing, shape deposition, soft lithography, and other processing methods. Finally, the motion and dynamic characteristics of the physical model are tested through experiments and result analysis, thus obtaining curves and empirical formulas describing the motion and dynamic characteristics of the basic execution unit. The relevant errors are compared with the deformation analysis model of the execution unit to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the design of the pneumatic soft-bodied bionic basic execution unit. The above research methods, research process, and results can provide a reference for the research and implementation of pneumatic and hydraulic driven soft-bodied robots and grasping actuators of soft-bodied manipulators.
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Arden, W. J. B., and C. S. Cox. "Remote Boundary Pressure Control." Measurement and Control 20, no. 9 (November 1987): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002029408702000903.

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In recent years the emphasis within British Gas PLC has moved from the construction aspects of the natural gas transmission system, to one of investigating methods of optimising the operational efficiency of the existing pipline network. In particular, the developments which have taken place in the area of microprocessor technology have provided the opportunity to implement improved control strategies in areas where existing pneumatic based systems are somewhat limited in terms of performance. This paper describes a problem associated with the control of pressure, at a remote point, which can be a considerable distance downstream from the main pressure regulating station. In addition, it illustrates how a series of simulation studies have enabled the evaluation of the revised control philosophy, quickly, efficiently and at minimal cost. This paper is based on previously published work entitled ‘Investigations into the Remote Pressure Control of Gas Transmission Pipelines’, by C S Cox, W J B Arden and I Fletcher. Presented at Int AMSE Conf ‘Modelling and Simulation’, Sorrento (Italy) Sept 29th-Oct 1st, 1986.
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Najjari, Behrouz, Mohammad J. Fotuhi, and Mousa Vaezipour. "Theoretical and Empirical Improvement of a Fast-Switching Electro-Pneumatic Valve by Using Different Methods." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 16, no. 2 (March 16, 2022): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ama-2022-0011.

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Abstract In this paper, a non-linear model of a 2–2 way, on–off fast-switching valve is used. The model includes subsystems of electrical, magnetic, mechanical and fluid. Pulse width modulation (PWM) technique is adopted to energise the on–off solenoid valve and allow the air to flow towards the actuator. Since the non-linear behaviour of valve is of great importance, to reduce the delay in performance of switching valves, different approaches are proposed. Furthermore, hysteresis, proportional integrator (PI), optimal model predictive and fuzzy logic controller (FLC) are used and compared. Also, to improve the valve behaviour, an empirical setup based on AVR microcontroller with FLC is implemented. Empirical and simulation results indicate that all proposed control methods have superior performance. However, the fuzzy method is easy to implement in practice.
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Baranowski, Leszek, and Michał Siwek. "Use of 3D Simulation to Design Theoretical and Real Pipe Inspection Mobile Robot Model." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 12, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 232–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ama-2018-0036.

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Abstract The main aim of the paper is to present the process of design pipe inspection mobile robot by using 3D simulations. Next methods and processes of making designed components was described. Finally, functional tests of a constructed real robot model such as speed tests, inclined pipe test was carried out. The robot was specifically designed to inspect sewer pipelines. The mobile robot is equipped with a vision system. The structure of the pipe inspection robot allows adjustments to the geometrical parameters of the robot to suit the sewer pipes diameters by using in the construction of a pneumatic system with an actuator.
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Szczepaniak, Paweł, Michał Jóźko, and Jakub Włodarczyk. "The Concept of a Pneumatic Parachute Rescue System for Vertical Take-Off and Landing UAVs." Journal of KONBiN 49, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2019-0026.

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Abstract This publication addresses the proposed structural solution for a system, of which the conceptual essence involves a rescue parachute being ejected from an accumulator using compressed carbon dioxide. The suggested rescue system is intended for unmanned multicopter aircraft. The article presents a developed digital solid model and the results of its simulation tests. The paper also contains results of basic calculations of the pneumatic supply system energy balance and the power balance of the electric control system. It also presents the results of first in-flight tests with a simulated emergency situation and the use of a technology demonstrator in operating conditions. Simulational and experimental methods were chosen to solve the research problem.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pneumatic control Simulation methods"

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Mehmood, Adeel. "Modeling, simulation and robust control of an electro-pneumatic actuator for a variable geometry turbocharger." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00827445.

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The choice of technology for automotive actuators is driven by the need of high power to size ratio. In general, electro-pneumatic actuators are preferred for application around the engine as they are compact, powerful and require simple controlling devices. Specially, Variable Geometry Turbochargers (VGTs) are almost always controlled with electro-pneumatic actuators. This is a challenging application because the VGT is an important part of the engine air path and the latter is responsible for intake and exhaust air quality and exhaust emissions control. With government regulations on vehicle pollutant emissions getting stringent by the year, VGT control requirements have also increased. These regulations and requirements can only be fulfilled with precise dynamic control of the VGT through its actuator. The demands on actuator control include robustness against uncertainty in operating conditions, fast and smooth positioning without vibration, limited number of measurements. Added constraints such as nonlinear dynamic behavior of the actuator, friction and varying aerodynamic forces in the VGT render classical control methods ineffective. These are the main problems that form the core of this thesis.In this work, we have addressed the above mentioned problems, using model based control complemented with robust control methods to overcome operational uncertainties and parametric variations. In the first step, a detailed physical model of an electro-pneumatic actuator has been developed; taking into account the nonlinear characteristics originating from air compressibility and friction. Means to compensate for aerodynamic force have been studied and implemented in the next step. These include model parametric adaptation and one dimensional CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) modeling. The complete model has been experimentally validated and a sensitivity analysis has been conducted to identify the parameters which have the greatest impact upon the actuator's behavior. The detailed simulation model has then been simplified to make it suitable for control purposes while keeping its essential behavioral characteristics (i.e. transients and dynamics). Next, robust controllers have been developed around the model for the control objective of accurate actuator positioning in presence of operational uncertainty. An important constraint in commercial actuators is that they provide output feedback only, as they are only equipped with low-cost position sensors. This hurdle has been overcome by introducing observers in the control loop, which estimate other system states from the output feedback. The estimation and control algorithms have been validated in simulation and experimentally on diesel engine test benches.
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Olsson, Markus. "Simulation Comparison of Auto-Tuning Methods for PID Control." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11106.

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Auto-tuning has become an important function in distributed control systems (DCS) and is especially appreciated in large industries that can have hundreds of controllers. In the DCS 800xA manufactured by ABB, there is an auto-tuning method implemented based on a relay experiment to determine the ultimate gain and the ultimate period, with which the PID parameters are obtained using the modified Ziegler-Nichols tuning rules. The tuning procedure can then proceed with a step identification experiment to get additional parameters for kappa-tau tuning. In the previous DCS, called Advant, there was another auto-tuning approach implemented. This method was based on dominant pole design, which included an identification of the process. The purpose of this thesis is to compare these auto-tuning methods, to investigate if the dominant pole placement method should be migrated to the 800xA system.


Automatisk trimning har blivit en viktig funktion i distribuerade styrsystem (DCS och är speciellt av intresse för stora industrier som kan ha flera hundra regulatorer. Den automatiska trimningen som idag är implementerad i ABB:s DCS 800xA är baserad på ett reläexperiment för att bestämma den ultimata förstärkningen och den ultimata periodtiden. Modifierade Ziegler-Nichols trimningsregler används sedan för att bestämma PID parametrarna. Vidare kan trimningen fortsätta med ett stegsvars-experiment för att erhålla ytterliggare parametrar och trimma med kappa-tau metoden. Den automatiska trimningsmetoden som var implementerad i tidigare DCS, Advant, var baserad på dominant polplacering med identifiering av processen. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att jämföra dessa automatiska trimningsmetoder för att undersöka om den tidigare trimningsmetoden baserad på dominant polplacering ska implementeras i 800xA systemet.

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Pirgul, Khalid, and Jonathan Svensson. "Verification of Powertrain Simulation Models Using Machine Learning Methods." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fordonssystem, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-166290.

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This thesis is providing an insight into the verification of a quasi-static simulation model based on the estimation of fuel consumption using machine learning methods. Traditional verification using real test data is not always available. Therefore, a methodology consisting of verification analysis based on estimation methods was developed together with an improving process of a quasi-static simulation model. The modelling of the simulation model mainly consists of designing and implementing a gear selection strategy together with the gearbox itself for a dual clutch transmission dedicated to hybrid application. The purpose of the simulation model is to replicate the fuel consumption behaviour of vehicle data provided from performed tests. To verify the simulation results, a so-called ranking model is developed. The ranking model estimates a fuel consumption reference for each time step of the WLTC homologation drive cycle using multiple linear regression. The results of the simulation model are verified, and a scoring system is used to indicate the performance of the simulation model, based on the correlation between estimated- and simulated data of the fuel consumption. The results show that multiple linear regression can be an appropriate approach to use as verification of simulation models. The normalised cross-correlation power is also examined and turns out to be a useful measure for correlation be-tween signals including a lag. The developed ranking model is a fast first step of evaluating a new vehicle configuration concept.
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Papoutsidakis, Michail G. "Modern methods for position control of systems : real-world and simulated application to a time variant pneumatic actuator." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501091.

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The Ph.D. programme arose naturally from the fundamental questions remaining after completing MPhil research at UWR in a very similar subject area. which was in achieving effective proportional position control of a linear pneumatic actuator. There are many challenging reasons for using pneumatic systems for control in certain important potential application areas, i.e., their numerous and multiple applications in modern industry due to their extensive beneficial characteristics. The still-unsolved problem of robust long-term proportional control of pneumatic actuators keeps the continuous research interest of engineers high. It is believed that when the operation time increases, so does the temperature inside the cylinder body.Any increase in temperature affects the system performance. For example, one effect is that the piston rubber expands and the contact area becomes greater; hence the frictional forces are affected. The rubber seal, which is between the piston and the cylinder body, also deforms according to air pressure increase. These long-term effects were the major cause of the problems that existed during all of the author's MPhil experimentation, using any kind of control method; the result was that frequent retuning of the controller could not be avoided.
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Chen, Yang. "Modeling, Control, and Design Study of Balanced Pneumatic Suspension for Improved Roll Stability in Heavy Trucks." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95168.

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This research investigates a novel arrangement to pneumatic suspensions that are commonly used in heavy trucks, toward providing a dynamically balanced system that resists body roll and provides added roll stability to the vehicle. The new suspension, referred to as "balanced suspension," is implemented by retrofitting a conventional pneumatic suspension with two leveling valves and a symmetric plumbing arrangement to provide a balanced airflow and air pressure in the airsprings. This new design contributes to a balanced force distribution among the axles, which enables the suspension to maintain the body in a leveled position both statically and dynamically. This is in contrast to conventional heavy truck pneumatic suspensions that are mainly adjusted quasi-statically to level the body in response to load variations. The main objectives of the research are to discover and analyze the effects of various pneumatic components on the suspension dynamic response and numerically study the benefits of the pneumatically balanced suspension system. A pneumatic suspension model is established to capture the details of airsprings, leveling valves, check valves, pipes, and air tank based on the laws of fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. Experiments are designed and conducted to help determine and verify the modeling parameters and components. Co-simulation technique is applied to establish a multi-domain model that couples highly non-linear fluid dynamics of the pneumatic suspension with complex multi-body dynamics of an articulated vehicle. The model is used to extensively study effects of pneumatic balanced control of the suspensions on the tractor and trailer combination dynamics. The simulations indicate that the dual leveling valve arrangement of the balanced suspension provides better adjustments to the body roll by charging the airsprings on the jounce side, while purging air from the rebound side. Such an adjustment allows maintaining a larger difference in suspension force from side to side, which resists the vehicle sway and levels the truck body during cornering. Additionally, the balanced suspension better equalizes the front and rear drive axle air pressures, for a better dynamic load sharing and pitch control. It is evident from the simulation results that the balanced suspension increases roll stiffness without affecting vertical stiffness, and thereby it can serve as an anti-roll bar that results in a more stable body roll during steering maneuvers. Moreover, the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) study suggests that when one side of the balanced suspension fails, the other side acts to compensate for the failure. On the other hand, if the trailer is also equipped with dual leveling valves, such an arrangement will bring an additional stabilizing effect to the vehicle in case of the tractor suspension failure. The overall research results presented show that significant improvements on vehicle roll dynamics and suspension dynamic responsiveness can be achieved from the balanced suspension system.
PHD
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Moradi, Mohammed Hasan. "New modelling and control methods with application to combined cycle power plants." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21157.

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This thesis reports the analysis and modelling required to build a software simulation of combine cycle power plants. A new MIMO PID controller tuning method and a novel predictive PID controller design method for MIMO systems are also described in the thesis. The emphasis of this work is on simulation; identification and controller design methods. The thesis begins with an account of the combined cycle power plant modelling and simulation development. This culminates in a library of different blocks and subsystems of combined cycle power plants. The simulation development shows how the steady state and dynamic behaviour of combined cycle power plants can be simulated and implemented in the SMULINK and MATLAB environment using per unit models, which are suitable for control design. In the identification stage, the relay identification method is used to identify the critical points of the system for a newly defined criterion at bandwidth frequency. Then, the identified critical points are used to tune PID controllers. The thesis then outlines multivariable PID tuning methods and makes a comparison between these methods and the new relay identification method concerning their robustness for MIMO systems. The last two chapter of thesis are concerned with a new predictive PID controller design method for both SISO and MIMO systems. This methodology is concerned with the design of PID controllers, which have similar features to the model-based predictive controller. Generalized Predictive Control (GPC) design principles are used to develop the PID control with predictive capabilities for both SISO and MIMO systems. The combined cycle power plant simulation, especially the boiler subsystem, is used as an example throughout the thesis.
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Preece, Adam. "An investigation into methods to aid the simulation of turbulent separation control." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2008. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/94093/.

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The reduction of drag on commercial aircraft is an active field of study especially with environmental pressures to reduce the carbon emissions associated with climate change. To this end, the AEROMEMS-II project was commissioned by the EU with a view to investigate methods for reducing drag by using MEMS devices for controlling separation. One method for investigating flow control devices is to use the field of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to simulate the flow interactions produced in flow control applications and assess their effect. Simulating such flows can be computationally expensive so a number of methods have been investigated here to assess their use in flow control simulation applications. The first of these is the Immersed Boundary Method (IBM) which allows complex geometries to be simulated using simple cartesian grid CFD codes. IBMs are found to reduce requirements whilst maintaining flow resolution and accuracy. Next is the use of turbulence modelling with wall functions to reduce the need for fine grids near any solid surfaces. This method is found to work well and can allow the grid spacing near the wall to be 100 times coarser than with no wall functions applied. Finally, Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) has been considered as a method for allowing unsteady flow control structures to be simulated without being damped by conventional turbulence modelling. Each of these methods is presented, implemented and validated against known flow cases to assess their abilities fully. All three methods have then been applied together to a known experimental turbulent flow-control set-up at the University of Lille (fellow partners in the AEROMEMS-II project) in order to assess the feasibility of using all of these methods together to simulate flow control. All three of these methods are seen to work well together although not always with the same effect.
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龐維宗 and Wai-chung Pong. "Interstage stock control for series production lines with variable operation times." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31207054.

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Boukheddimi, Melya. "Human gait simulation using motion generation methods from robotics." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30105.

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Le corps humain est un système complexe composé de plus de 600 muscles, qui contribuent à l'actionnement de plus de 200 degrés de liberté (DDL) [35]. Il s'agit donc d'un système hautement redondant pour la plupart des tâches. De nombreux auteurs ont suggéré que le système nerveux central ne contrôle pas indépendamment en temps réel chaque muscle et DDL [54]. Bien que le nombre élevé de muscles et de DDL rende difficile le problème du contrôle moteur, il offre de grandes capacités d'adaptation au corps pour l'exécution de plusieurs tâches simultanément si nécessaire [54]. Parmi ces tâches qui requièrent un haut niveau de coordination motrice, la marche bipède est cruciale. La marche bipède est le moyen naturel de locomotion de l'être humain. Bien que ce mouvement soit assez stéréotypé entre les individus, on ne sait toujours pas comment le système nerveux central coordonne-t-il le système musculo-squelettique complexe afin de générer la marche, ni comment les différentes séquences du cycle de la marche sont régulées. Afin de répondre à ces problématiques, nous avons proposé de simuler la démarche semblable à celle de l'être- humain en utilisant un modèle simplifié de corps rigides poly-articulés (modèle squelettique 3D du corps entier comprenant 42 degrés de liberté), sur lequel nous avons appliqué deux méthodes différentes de génération de mouvement. Cette thèse s'inscrit donc dans le cadre de la génération de la démarche humaine, en utilisant des méthodes de génération de mouvement issues de la robotique. La première contribution de cette thèse, montre qu'il suffit de contrôler un petit nombre de tâches soigneusement sélectionnées pour reproduire fidèlement la cinématique de la démarche humaine. Pour cela, un contrôleur de tâches Hiérarchiques est appliqué au modèle du corps complet en utilisant uniquement 3 tâches hiérarchiques afin de générer neuf différentes allures de type humain. L'analyse des allures simulées montre l'émergence de propriétés significatives de la marche humaine. Afin de valider nos résultats, une comparaison entre les rotations articulaires des mouvements simulés et des mouvements de référence humaine est effectuée. Enfin, une discussion est fournie pour illustrer l'intérêt de l'approche choisie en comparaison à des travaux connexes. La deuxième contribution de cette thèse est basée sur l'hypothèse bien connue stipulant que le mouvement humain est le résultat d'un processus d'optimisation. Nous considérons ici un ensemble réduit de critères, qui semblent être optimisés pendant la marche humaine, issues de l'observation de la marche humaine et de l'état de l'art correspondant. Le Contrôle Optimal direct basé sur l'algorithme de Programmation Dynamique Différentielle est appliqué sur ces critères avec le modèle corps complet afin de générer neuf mouvements de marche différents. Les mouvements de marche simulés sont ensuite analysés et comparés à la référence humaine pour démontrer la qualité de la méthode de génération de la marche sélectionnée. L'intérêt de cette approche d'optimisation pour la génération de mouvements de type humain est enfin discuté. Finalement, une comparaison entre les deux méthodes issues de la robotique est présentée et discutée, en impliquant une analyse de la qualité des mouvements obtenus
The human body is a complex system made of more than 600 muscles, which contribute to the actuation of more than 200 Degrees of Freedom (DoFs) [35]. It is therefore a highly redundant system for most kinematic tasks. Many authors have suggested that the central nervous system does not independently control in real-time each muscle and DoFs [54]. Though the high number of muscles and DoFs makes motor control problems difficult, it offers high adaptation capabilities to the body for executing multiple tasks simultaneously when necessary [54]. Among the tasks that require a high level of motor coordination, bipedal gait is a crucial one. The bipedal gait is the natural means of human locomotion. Despite the fact that this movement is quite stereotyped across individuals, it is still unclear how the central nervous system coordinates the complex musculo-skeletal system for gait generation, and how the different sequences of the gait cycle are regulated. In order to address these issues, we proposed to simulate the human-like gait using a simplified model of poly- articulated rigid bodies (3D whole-body skeletal model including 42 degrees of freedom), on which we applied two different motion generation methods. Hence, this thesis is part of the human-like gait generation problem, using motion generation methods from robotics. The first contribution shows that controlling only a small set of adequately selected tasks is sufficient to closely reproduce the human gait kinematics. To this aim, a Hierarchical task controller is applied to the whole-body model with only 3 hierarchical tasks, to generate nine different human-like gaits. The analysis of the simulated gaits shows the emergence of significant human-like properties in walking. In order to validate our results, a comparison between the simulated and human reference joint rotations is conducted. In the end, a discussion is given to illustrate the interest of this approach comparing to related works.The second contribution is based on the well-known hypothesis that human motion is the result of an optimization process. We consider a reduced set of criteria, which seem to be optimized during the human gait, taken from the observation of human walking and the study of the related literature. Direct Optimal Control based on the Differential Dynamic Programming algorithm is applied following these criteria with the whole-body model to generate nine different walking motions. The simulated walking motions are then analyzed and compared to the human reference to show the quality of the gait generation process. The interest of this optimization approach for human-like motion generation is finally discussed. Finally, a comparison between the two methods from robotics is presented and discussed, involving an analysis of the obtained movements' quality
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Sharnez, Rizwan 1960. "Dynamic simulation and control of crystal-size distribution in a continuous crystallizer." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558079.

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Books on the topic "Pneumatic control Simulation methods"

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Pelechano, Nuria, Jan M. Allbeck, and Norman I. Badler. Virtual Crowds: Methods, Simulation, and Control. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-79242-7.

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M, Allbeck Jan, and Badler Norman I, eds. Virtual crowds: Methods, simulation, and control. San Rafael, Calif. (1537 Fourth Street, San Rafael, CA 94901 USA): Morgan & Claypool Publishers, 2008.

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Eyman, Earl D. Modeling, simulation, and control. St. Paul: West Pub. Co., 1988.

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Ramirez, W. Fred. Computational methods for process simulation. 2nd ed. Oxford: Butterworths, 1997.

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Computational methods for process simulation. Boston: Butterworths, 1989.

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R, Glowinski, and Zolésio J. P, eds. Free and moving boundries: Analysis, simulation, and control. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2007.

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G, Samper Katia, and Haghi Reza K, eds. Advanced process control & simulation for chemical engineers. Toronto: Apple Academic Press, 2013.

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Belomestny, Denis, and John Schoenmakers. Advanced Simulation-Based Methods for Optimal Stopping and Control. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-03351-2.

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Distillation design and control using Aspen simulation. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2006.

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International Symposium on Modelling, Simulation, and Control of Hydrometallurgical Processes (1993 Québec, Québec). Modelling, simulation, and control of hydrometallurgical processes: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Modelling, Simulation, and Control of Hydrometallurgical Processes, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, August 24-September 2, 1993. Edited by Papangelakis V. G. 1958-, Demopoulos G. P, and Hydrometallurgical Meeting (23rd : 1993 : Québec, Québec) ). Montreal, Quebec: Metallurgical Society of the Canadian Institue of Mining, Metallurgy, and Petroleum, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pneumatic control Simulation methods"

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Zhao, Ling, Yuanqing Xia, Hongjiu Yang, and Jinhui Zhang. "Control Methods for Pneumatic Servo Systems." In Pneumatic Servo Systems Analysis, 23–36. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9515-5_2.

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Vincent, Charles, and Gilles Boiteau. "Pneumatic Control of Agricultural Insect Pests." In Physical Control Methods in Plant Protection, 270–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04584-8_19.

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Lacasse, Benoît, Claude Laguë, Paul-Martin Roy, Mohamed Khelifi, Steeve Bourassa, and Conrad Cloutier. "Pneumatic Control of Colorado Potato Beetle." In Physical Control Methods in Plant Protection, 282–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04584-8_20.

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Khelifi, Mohamed, Claude Laguë, and Benoît Lacasse. "Pneumatic Control of Insects in Plant Protection." In Physical Control Methods in Plant Protection, 261–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04584-8_18.

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Katebi, Reza, Michael A. Johnson, and Jacqueline Wilkie. "Process Modelling and Simulation Methods." In Advances in Industrial Control, 1–37. London: Springer London, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0423-0_1.

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Gosavi, Abhijit. "Convergence Analysis of Control Optimization Methods." In Simulation-Based Optimization, 343–408. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3766-0_13.

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Gosavi, Abhijit. "Convergence Analysis of Control Optimization Methods." In Simulation-Based Optimization, 351–450. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7491-4_11.

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Oltedal, G. "Simulation of a Pneumatic Wave-Power Buoy with Phase Control." In Hydrodynamics of Ocean Wave-Energy Utilization, 303–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82666-5_26.

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Tóthová, Mária, Ján Pitel’, and Alexander Hošovský. "Simulation of Hybrid Fuzzy Adaptive Control of Pneumatic Muscle Actuator." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 239–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18503-3_24.

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Chang, Hyeong Soo, Jiaqiao Hu, Michael C. Fu, and Steven I. Marcus. "On-Line Control Methods via Simulation." In Communications and Control Engineering, 179–218. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5022-0_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pneumatic control Simulation methods"

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Kratschun, Filipp, David van Bebber, and Hubertus Murrenhoff. "One Dimensional Transient Pneumatic System Simulation." In ASME/BATH 2017 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2017-4228.

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The increase of system dynamic within the area of pneumatics requires sophisticated numerical methods to determine the systems’ performance. Cycle durations in the range of just a few milliseconds and below violate the assumption of a stationary process. State of the art pneumatic calculations are built upon this assumption and, therefore, gas dynamic solvers have to be used to predict the systems’ behavior accurately. In general it is possible to calculate several flow parameters for transient gaseous flows using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, but despite increasing processing power of modern computers, solving particular problems is yet time-consuming. A simulation of a few milliseconds results in a computational time of several hours which makes the design of a highly dynamic pneumatic system lengthy. This paper presents a one dimensional transient numerical model which is capable of computing a transient pneumatic system’s performance time-efficiently yet retaining the accuracy of a CFD simulation. It allows to determine flow parameters, e.g., density, pressure and velocity, within transient gaseous flows including discontinuities. In particular the proposed model depicts an approach to calculate transient flows with discontinuous flow curvature. Such jumps naturally occur in pneumatic systems within hose connectors or valves. Numerical results are compared to a CFD parameter study to verify the one dimensional simulation.
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Boyko, Vladimir, Steffen Hülsmann, and Jürgen Weber. "Comparative Analysis of Actuator Dimensioning Methods in Pneumatics." In ASME/BATH 2021 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2021-68674.

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Abstract In the modern automation technology, there are often two ways to complete a drive task: pneumatically or electrically. In order to remain competitive with the electromechanics and to contribute to the achievement of climate protection goals, manufacturers and users of pneumatic systems are required to increase the energy efficiency of pneumatics. One of the primal and simplest methods to reduce the energy consumption of existing and to-be-developed pneumatic systems is the correct sizing of actuators. However, even in the most modern machines drives are often overdimensioned thus creating a higher energy consumption than necessary. To counteract this, different dimensioning methods have been developed in the last few years, which could contribute to a significant reduction of energy consumption. Design tools based on dynamic simulations are highly reliable, but their calculation methods can be complex and non-transparent. Therefore, more pragmatic and simple dimensioning methods have been developed, based on algebraic approaches like force equilibrium, exergy equilibrium and pneumatic frequency ratio. In this paper these methods are evaluated using mathematical analysis and practical drive examples. Their possible application fields and limitations are shown and compared.
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Yang, Aaimin, Junsheng Pu, C. B. Wong, and Philip Moore. "Control Methods for Energy-Efficient Pneumatic Servos Employing Asymmetric Cylinders." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58501.

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Pneumatic drives or actuators are most widely used in industry, in comparison to their hydraulic and electrical counterparts. However, they are low in energy efficiency and have typically been used in performing simple actuation tasks. This paper investigates the use of pneumatic actuation for point-to-point positioning applications in the context of employing asymmetric cylinders. The focus of this research is to study appropriate control methods, aiming for improved energy efficiency in the use of pneumatic servo positioning system. Relevant mathematical models and stability analysis will be presented in this paper, with results from simulation and experimental verification. In particular, a hydraulic circuit (rapid motion circuit) is adopted in the case for pneumatic actuation. For point-to-point positioning application, in the forward moving phase, the inlet and outlet chambers will be connected via by-pass valve allowing exhausted compress air to be reused. In comparison with the conventional way in controlling the motion of an asymmetric pneumatic cylinder, a portion of the compressed can be re-used leading to an enhancement in energy-efficiency. The results show that some 15% saving in energy use can be acquired with improved stability while the settling time of the positioning system is maintained. Relevant design and applications issues will be outlined and discussed in this paper as well.
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Reinertz, Olivier, and Katharina Schmitz. "Efficiency Optimized Pneumatic Pressure Booster." In ASME/BATH 2019 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2019-1675.

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Abstract In the scope of this paper, a novel efficiency optimized supply pressure adaptive concept of pneumatic pressure boosters is presented. It is deduced from a profound analysis of state of the art components. The working cycle of the pump chambers can be divided into a filling, compression, pumping and decompression phase. A promising solution for efficiency improvements, which is further analyzed in the scope of this paper, is to adapt the required force of the compression chambers by nonlinear mechanics. Thus, a smaller force at the end of the stroke is required and a reduced air consumption of the driving chamber occurs. As the force demand of the compression chamber and therewith the load distribution over the stroke changes with the operational pressures, an adaptive concept needs to be implemented. The novel device and its parameterization are deduced by means of an analytical description of state of the art pressure boosters. Subsequently, it is investigated by one-dimensional simulation in DSHplus. The results show broad applicability of the method in relevant applications and huge energy saving potentials compared to state of the art products.
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Daepp, Hannes G., and Wayne J. Book. "Predictive Friction Compensation for Control of Pneumatic Actuators." In 8th FPNI Ph.D Symposium on Fluid Power. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpni2014-7822.

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Pneumatic actuators possess several attractive qualities: high power and force density, potentially adaptable compliance, and clean, safe, and low cost actuation. However, control of pneumatic actuators has proven difficult, limited by inherent compliance of the actuator, nonlinear and discontinuous third order dynamics, and friction. Stiction and compliance lead to a sandwiched nonlinearity that causes stick-slip and can cause significant tracking error and even instability. A broadly applicable method of friction compensation is addition of a feedforward term updated from a friction estimate at each time step. Since pneumatic dynamics are slow, achievable compensation can be insufficient. In this work, friction is estimated over a prediction horizon and then input into a model-based predictive controller as an offset term, so that compensation is planned and optimal over the prediction horizon. The controller is tested in simulation. Results are compared to control using instantaneous compensation and are characterized based on performance.
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Nankyo, Masanobu. "A Study of Control Methods for the Braking System on Passenger Multiple Units." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60776.

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As well known, the mechanical (friction, pneumatic) brake system on trains contains some non-linear elements. So it has been difficult to control the speed or acceleration of trains according to desired patterns. This paper reviews our research on the control method of the physical performance of train running such as acceleration (deceleration) by mechanical braking devices. One of our approaches is the introduction of the feedback control into the brake control system. Mathematical models of non-linear elements in the brake system and some effective methods of controller design are proposed with both simulation and experimental results. Another approach is the real time estimation of the friction forces between a brake shoe and a wheel tread. Friction has severe non-linearity; however it can not be measured easily on running trains. We propose the introduction of the onboard real-time estimation method of friction coefficients using the speed information which can be obtained easily in the existing brake system.
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Thacher, Eric, Helen Bailey, Bryson Robertson, Scott Beatty, Jason Goldsworthy, Curran Crawford, and Bradley Buckham. "Development of Control Strategies for Interconnected Pneumatic Wave Energy Converters." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61537.

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In the field of wave energy converter control, high fidelity numerical models have become the predominant tool for the development of accurate and comprehensive control strategies. In this study, a numerical model of a novel wave energy converter, employing a pneumatic power take-off, is created to provide a low-cost method for the development of a power-maximizing control strategy. Device components and associated architectures are developed in the time domain solvers Proteus DS and MATLAB/Simulink. These two codes are dynamically coupled at run time to produce a complete six degree of freedom, time domain simulation of the converter. Utilizing this numerical framework, a genetic algorithm optimization procedure is implemented to optimally select eight independent parameters governing the PTO geometry. Optimality is measured in terms of estimated annual energy production at a specific deployment location off the West Coast of Canada. The optimization exercise is one layer of PTO force control — the parameters selected are seen to provide significant improvements in the annual power output, while also smoothing the WEC power output on both a sea-state by sea-state and wave-by-wave basis.
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Lyu, Naesung, Amane Shimura, and Kazuhiro Saitou. "Optimal Tolerance Allocation of Automotive Pneumatic Control Valves Based on Product and Process Simulations." In ASME 2006 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2006-99592.

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This paper discusses a computational method for optimally allocating dimensional tolerances for an automotive pneumatic control valve. Due to the large production volume, costly tight tolerances should be allocated only to the dimensions that have high influence to the quality. Given a parametric geometry of a valve, the problem is posed as a multi-objective optimization with respect to product quality and production cost. The product quality is defined as 1) the deviation from the nominal valve design in the linearity of valve stroke and fluidic force, and 2) the difference in fluidic force with and without cavitation. These quality measures are estimated by using Monte Carlo simulation on a Radial-Basis Function Network (RBFN) trained with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the valve operation. The production cost is estimated by the tolerance-cost relationship obtained from the discrete event simulations of valve production process. A multi-objective genetic algorithm is utilized to generate Pareto optimal tolerance allocations with respect to these objectives, and alternative tolerance allocations are proposed considering the trade-offs among multiple objectives.
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Alves, Alexandre C., Jose M. Balthazar, Angelo M. Tusset, Rodrigo T. Rocha, and Atila M. Bueno. "On Dynamic Modelling of Compressed Air Engine With Connecting-Rod-Crank to Control Angular Position of Oscillating Rotation." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66192.

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In this work is examined the dynamic behavior and the controllability of a compressed air engine with a connecting-rod-crank. The pneumatic motor is composed by a monocylinder, a connecting-rod and a control crank to the oscillating rotation. For the obtainment the nonlinear mathematical model was considered the Lagrange’s method and the components of the physical system in the model are considered as rigid bodies with unilateral restriction. Numerical analysis of the application of the passive control position by a nonconservative pneumatic force with pilot valves in the cylinder showed that it was not possible an exact control to the angular position desired for the output crank. To solve this problem, it is proposed an active control by the Linear Quadratic Regulator method (LQR), to the control of the connecting-rod-crank mechanism. In addition, the robustness of the proposed control technique is tested considering noise measurement in pneumatic external excitation. The numerical simulation results showed the efficiency of the proposed control to the nonlinear dynamic model of the connecting-rod-crank and the sensibility analysis for parametric errors to the control of the oscillating angular positions, demonstrating so that the proposed active control is adequate for this system.
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Barth, Eric J., Jianlong Zhang, and Michael Goldfarb. "A Method for the Frequency Domain Design of PWM-Controlled Pneumatic Systems." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/dsc-24567.

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Abstract This paper presents a rigorous analysis and design method for PWM-based control of pneumatic systems. An equivalent analytical model incorporating the effects of a finite PWM switching period is formulated. This equivalent model was motivated by a lack of control design and analysis techniques needed to treat the inherently non-analytical switching models associated with PWM-based systems. The equivalent model enables the design of a loop compensator that rigorously addresses control design issues of stability robustness, disturbance rejection, insensitivity to sensor noise, performance bandwidth and actuator saturation. Simulation of this compensator with both the equivalent design model and a full nonlinear switching model for a particular pneumatic robot application is presented which demonstrates and validates the proposed method.
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Reports on the topic "Pneumatic control Simulation methods"

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Sanders, William R. Measurement Methods for Human Performance in Command and Control Simulation Experiments. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada413273.

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Edwards, Jack R. Hybrid LES/RANS Simulation of the Effects of Boundary Layer Control Devices Using Immersed Boundary Methods. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada547418.

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Shimamura, Kazuki, and Kenji Morita. Effect of Control Methods for Generator on Fuel Consumption of Series HEV~Examination by Use of Numerical Simulation. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0596.

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Kushner, Harold, and Paul Dupuis. Stochastic Control and Numerical Methods with Applications to Communications. Game Theoretic/Subsolution to Importance Sampling for Rare Event Simulation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada499989.

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Quinn, William. Driving Down HB-LED Costs. Implementation of Process Simulation Tools and Temperature Control Methods of High Yield MOCVD Growth. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1053618.

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Diahyleva, Olena S., Igor V. Gritsuk, Olena Y. Kononova, and Alona Y. Yurzhenko. Computerized adaptive testing in educational electronic environment of maritime higher education institutions. [б. в.], June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4448.

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The article is devoted to the organization of modern learning process, namely the use of innovative technologies – computerized adaptive testing in educational electronic environment of maritime higher education institutions. The example of educational electronic environment is presented in the article on LMS Moodle. The provided new technological and methodological opportunities are a priority in the developed methods of control and testing of knowledge, skills and abilities of students. Comparative characteristic of using computerized adaptive testing in educational electronic environment is given in the article according to different criteria: the role of tests in the learning process; methods of training; equipment; presence of the problems in educational process; level of its control and learning outcomes. The paper also presents examples of activities to form communicative competency of future maritime professionals. Types of adaptive tests are listed in the paper. The research activities were done by second year cadets of ship engineering department of Maritime College of Kherson State Maritime Academy. The experiment was devoted to the formation of communicative competence with the help of electronic environment of maritime higher education institution. The results of experiment proved positive impact of computerized adaptive testing on communicative competence of future ship engineers. Further investigation of adaptive testing can also be done for learning system of maritime education establishments using simulation technologies of virtual, augmented and mixed realities.
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Voloshynov, Serhii A., Halyna V. Popova, Alona Y. Yurzhenko, and Ekaterina O. Shmeltser. The use of digital escape room in educational electronic environment of maritime higher education institutions. [б. в.], July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3869.

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The paper is tended to investigate the gamification activities use in educational electronic environment of maritime higher education institutions. Gamification methods with examples are described (gamification testing, QR Code quest, storytelling and escape room). Comparative characteristic of traditional learning and learning using gamification in educational electronic environment is given in the article according to different criteria: the place and role of teacher or students in the learning process; type of information communication; methods of training; equipment; level of freedom of the actions; presence of the problems in educational process; level of its control and learning outcomes. The paper also presents examples of gamification activities based on escape room quest to form communicative competency of future maritime professionals. Escape room activity presented in the article contains storytelling element, crossword and electronic testing questions of different types. Question types listed in the paper are Drag and drop to the text, Short answer and Multiple choice. Escape room activity was done by second year cadets of Kherson State Maritime Academy. According to the received results, knowledge quality increased by 10% and success by 20%. Further investigation of gamification activities can also be done for learning system of maritime higher education institutions using simulation technologies of virtual, augmented and mixed realities.
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Khvostina, Inesa, Serhiy Semerikov, Oleh Yatsiuk, Nadiia Daliak, Olha Romanko, and Ekaterina Shmeltser. Casual analysis of financial and operational risks of oil and gas companies in condition of emergent economy. [б. в.], October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4120.

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The need to control the risk that accompanies businesses in their day- to-day operations, and at the same time changing economic conditions make risk management an almost indispensable element of economic life. Selection of the main aspects of the selected phases of the risk management process: risk identification and risk assessment are related to their direct relationship with the subject matter (risk identification to be managed; risk analysis leading to the establishment of a risk hierarchy, and, consequently, the definition of risk control’ methods) and its purpose (bringing the risk to acceptable level). It is impossible to identify the basic patterns of development of the oil and gas industry without exploring the relationship between economic processes and enterprise risks. The latter are subject to simulation, and based on models it is possible to determine with certain probability whether there have been qualitative and quantitative changes in the processes, in their mutual influence on each other, etc. The work is devoted to exploring the possibilities of applying the Granger test to examine the causal relationship between the risks and obligations of oil and gas companies. The analysis is based on statistical tests and the use of linear regression models.
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Sistac, Sistac, Lliteras M, and Sistac Palacín JM. Study in a Simulated Scenario of the Influence of Training and Personality in the Resolution of Critical Situations in Anaesthesiology Residents. Science Repository, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.acr.2022.04.01.sup.

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Introduction: Empowerment of simulations in emergent situations by resident medical interns has positively demonstrated the acquisition of clinical skills [1]. Even so, it remains unclear what psychological factors influence when assuming leadership in carrying out these simulations or in a real situation. This study aims to analyse, by simulating critical situations in the operating room, the influence of training and personality among anaesthesiology residents on the predisposition to assume such leadership Materials and Methods: A study was carried out on 22 residents both trained (11) and untrained in simulation, assessing their personality and degree of stress using the Typi and Stay Trait. By observation it was determined that he was the leader, when entering a simulated model of ventricular fibrillation in pairs. Resolution capacity was not valued, but rather the characteristics that define the personality of the resident who assumed leadership. Results: Regarding personality, measured with the TIPI test, the leaders turned out to score high in agreeableness but low in extraversion compared to the helpers. This suggests that they are altruistic, compassionate, trusting, frank, empathic and sensitive to others and on the other hand reserved, socially distant except with close friends. In the trained group, the Stai Trait test revealed a slightly lower mean in helpers compared to the total mean, in addition to a significantly higher SD in leaders (4.57) than in helpers (2.87), obtaining a p> 0.02. In Stai Estado, the opposite occurred in terms of the averages, lower in the group of leaders with respect to the global average. And a very similar SD was obtained in both groups (4.91 and 4.21). In the TIPI test, the leading group stands out with a low score in extraversion, compared to the total mean and compared to assistants, justified data with a p>0.02. Conclusion: The residents of the trained group turned out to have lower anxiety in the stressful situation of the simulation compared to the other group. In addition, the women who turned out to be leaders in the trained group demonstrated control of the situation with lower HRs than the leaders in the untrained group, thus demonstrating the influence of training in resolving critical situations.
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