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1
Valassi, Elena, Holger Franz, Thierry Brue, Richard A. Feelders, Romana Netea-Maier, Stylianos Tsagarakis, Susan M. Webb, et al. "Preoperative medical treatment in Cushing’s syndrome: frequency of use and its impact on postoperative assessment: data from ERCUSYN." European Journal of Endocrinology 178, no. 4 (April 2018): 399–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-17-0997.
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Background Surgery is the definitive treatment of Cushing’s syndrome (CS) but medications may also be used as a first-line therapy. Whether preoperative medical treatment (PMT) affects postoperative outcome remains controversial. Objective (1) Evaluate how frequently PMT is given to CS patients across Europe; (2) examine differences in preoperative characteristics of patients who receive PMT and those who undergo primary surgery and (3) determine if PMT influences postoperative outcome in pituitary-dependent CS (PIT-CS). Patients and methods 1143 CS patients entered into the ERCUSYN database from 57 centers in 26 countries. Sixty-nine percent had PIT-CS, 25% adrenal-dependent CS (ADR-CS), 5% CS from an ectopic source (ECT-CS) and 1% were classified as having CS from other causes (OTH-CS). Results Twenty per cent of patients took PMT. ECT-CS and PIT-CS were more likely to receive PMT compared to ADR-CS (P < 0.001). Most commonly used drugs were ketoconazole (62%), metyrapone (16%) and a combination of both (12%). Median (interquartile range) duration of PMT was 109 (98) days. PIT-CS patients treated with PMT had more severe clinical features at diagnosis and poorer quality of life compared to those undergoing primary surgery (SX) (P < 0.05). Within 7 days of surgery, PIT-CS patients treated with PMT were more likely to have normal cortisol (P < 0.01) and a lower remission rate (P < 0.01). Within 6 months of surgery, no differences in morbidity or remission rates were observed between SX and PMT groups. Conclusions PMT may confound the interpretation of immediate postoperative outcome. Follow-up is recommended to definitely evaluate surgical results.
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Skwarek, Agata, Beata Synkiewicz, Jan Kulawik, Piotr Guzdek, Krzysztof Witek, and Jacek Tarasiuk. "High temperature thermogenerators made on DBC substrate using vapour phase soldering." Soldering & Surface Mount Technology 27, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssmt-04-2015-0017.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the reliability of thermoelectric generators after ageing at elevated temperature and to determine the influence of the technology used (i.e. type of thermoelectric material, type of substrate and soldering technology) for thermogenerator (TGE) assembly. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, the Seebeck coefficient and the current voltage were measured for lead telluride doped with either manganese (PMT), germanium (PGT) or sulfur (PST) TGEs. The Seebeck coefficient measurements were taken at temperatures between 230 and 630 K. Findings – The Seebeck coefficient determined for PMT, PGT and PST TGEs increases approximately linearly with increasing temperature and is greater by about 40 per cent for PST and about 30 per cent for PMT than in commercially available PbTe TGEs. The best outcome in terms of stability after long-term ageing was that of PMT material. Originality/value – The choice of proper technology (i.e. thermoelectric materials, type of substrate and soldering technology) for the TGE assembly is essential for their functioning overtime and reliability.
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Wang, Ruifeng, Jiayu Zhou, Yupei Yu, Junqi Deng, Ze Wu, Chunlin Ou, Yanhao Wu, Keda Yang, and Junpu Wang. "Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor in right thigh: 2 cases report and literature review." Clinical Pathology 15 (January 2022): 2632010X2211295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2632010x221129588.
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Background: Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT) is a very rare tumor of bone and soft tissue that has no specific clinical manifestations. Here we present 2 cases of PMT in the right thigh, including comparatively adequate immunohistochemistry. Case Presentation: We described 2 cases of PMT in the right thigh with manifestations of hypophosphatemia. PET-CT examination showed that both patients had lesions with increased expression of somatostatin receptors in the right thigh. Bland cells and dirty calcified stroma were exhibited under the microscope. And immunohistochemical detection of FGF-23 was positive. Conclusions: PMT is a very uncommon tumor for which diagnosis and treatment are often delayed. Considering the importance of surgery for the treatment of this disease, a full understanding of its clinicopathological features will facilitate the diagnosis of this disease.
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Salim, Michael, Mohannad Samy Behairy, and Elena Barengolts. "TIO Associated with Hyperparathyroidism: A Rarity, a Rule, or a Novel HPT-PMT Syndrome—A Case Study with Literature Review." Case Reports in Endocrinology 2021 (July 26, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5172131.
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Objective. Association of primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) with phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMT) is rarely reported. This report entertains the hypothesis of the causal association of HPT with tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) and of the existence of HPT-PMT syndrome. Case Presentation. A 49-year-old man presented with fragility rib fractures, generalized bone pain, and muscle weakness worsening over the past 3 years. Initial tests demonstrated hypophosphatemia and high PTH. The diagnosis of pHPT was entertained, but parathyroid scan was negative. During a 2-year follow-up, the patient reported minimal improvement of symptoms after intermittent treatment with calcitriol and phosphate. Biochemical evaluation showed persistent hypophosphatemia with renal phosphate wasting, elevated FGF23, and osteopenia on DXA scan. TIO was suspected. Multiple MRIs and whole-body FDG-PET scans were inconclusive. The patient subsequently underwent 68Ga-DOTATATE PET-CT, which revealed a somatostatin receptor-positive lesion in the lung. The resected mass was confirmed as PMT. The patient had dramatically improved symptoms, normal phosphate, calcium, and FGF23. During follow-up over 3 years postsurgery, the patient had slowly rising calcium and persistently elevated PTH. Conclusion. The debate whether the patient had pHPT or tertiary HPT prompted literature review showing that aberrant genes including FGFR1, FGF1, fibronectin 1, and Klotho were mechanistically involved in the HPT-PMT association. This case highlights the pitfalls contributing to delayed diagnosis and treatment of TIO and hypothesizes the association between pHPT and PMT.
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Bergmann, Stefan, Doris Jehle, Carsten Schwan, Joachim H. C. Orth, and Klaus Aktories. "Pasteurella multocida Toxin as a Transporter of Non-Cell-Permeating Proteins." Infection and Immunity 81, no. 7 (April 29, 2013): 2459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00429-13.
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ABSTRACTThe protein toxinPasteurella multocidatoxin (PMT) is the causative agent of atrophic rhinitis in pigs, leading to atrophy of the nasal turbinate bones by affecting osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The mechanism of PMT-induced intoxication is a deamidation of α-subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins, including Gαq, Gα13, and Gαi, thereby causing persistent activation of the G proteins. Here we utilized PMT as a transporter of the non-cell-permeating A domain of diphtheria toxin (DTa). Fusion proteins of PMT and DTa ADP-ribosylated elongation factor 2, the natural target of diphtheria toxin, leading to cell toxicity. PMT-DTa effects were competed by PMT, indicating binding to the same cell surface receptor. Fluorescently labeled PMT-DTa and PMT colocalized with specific markers of early and late endosomes. Bafilomycin A, which inhibits vacuolar H+-ATPase, blocked PMT-DTa-induced intoxication of HEK-293 cells. By constructing various PMT-DTa chimeras, we identified a minimal region of PMT necessary for uptake of DTa. The data suggest that PMT is able to transport cargo proteins into eukaryotic cells by utilizing the PMT-specific uptake route.
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Satoh, Yoko, Kohei Hanaoka, Chihiro Ikegawa, Masamichi Imai, Shota Watanabe, Daisuke Morimoto-Ishikawa, Hiroshi Onishi, Toshikazu Ito, Yoshifumi Komoike, and Kazunari Ishii. "Organ-Specific Positron Emission Tomography Scanners for Breast Imaging: Comparison between the Performances of Prior and Novel Models." Diagnostics 13, no. 6 (March 13, 2023): 1079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061079.
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The performances of photomultiplier tube (PMT)-based dedicated breast positron emission tomography (PET) and silicon photomultiplier tube (SiPM)-based time-of-flight (TOF) PET, which is applicable not only to breast imaging but also to head imaging, were compared using a phantom study. A cylindrical phantom containing four spheres (3–10 mm in diameter) filled with 18F-FDG at two signal-to-background ratios (SBRs), 4:1 and 8:1, was scanned. The phantom images, which were reconstructed using three-dimensional list-mode dynamic row-action maximum likelihood algorithm with various β-values and post-smoothing filters, were visually and quantitatively compared. Visual evaluation showed that the 3 mm sphere was more clearly visualized with higher β and smaller post-filters, while the background was noisier; SiPM-based TOF-PET was superior to PMT-based dbPET in sharpness, smoothness, and detectability, although the background was noisier at the SBR of 8:1. Quantitative evaluation revealed that the detection index (DI) and recovery coefficient (CRC) of SiPM-based TOF-PET images were higher than those of PMT-based PET images, despite a higher background coefficient of variation (CVBG). The two organ-specific PET systems showed that a 3 mm lesion in the breast could be visualized at the center of the detector, and there was less noise in the SiPM-based TOF-PET image.
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Irwan, Irwan, Meryati Towapo, Sunarto Kadir, and Lia Amalia. "EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN PMT MODIFIKASI BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL TERHADAP PENINGKATAN STATUS GIZI BALITA." Journal Health & Science : Gorontalo Journal Health and Science Community 4, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.35971/gojhes.v4i2.7742.
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Umur 0-5 tahun masa keemasan yang penting bagi fisik anak. Asupan gizi sangat penting untuk menghindari gangguan kesehatan yang serius bagi balita, seperti gizi buruk. Pemberian PMT bertujuan untuk meningkatkan asupan gizi bagi anak balita. Rumusan masalah: apakah pemberian PMT modifikasi dan PMT biskuit efektif untuk meningkatkan status gizi balita gizi kurang. Tujuan penelitian: untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian PMT modifikasi dan PMT biskuit terhadap peningkatan status gizi balita gizi kurang.Jenis penelitian: Pra Eksperimen design dengan rancangan pretest-postest desain. Populasi balita usia 12-59 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Paguyaman Kabupaten Boalemo yang mengalami gizi kurang sebanyak 16 orang balita. Teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik total sampling, responden dibagi dalam 2 kelompok yaitu 8 balita pada kelompok PMT modifikasi dan dan 8 balita pada kelompok PMT biskuit. Analisis data menggunakan paired sampel t-test dengan terlebih dahulu melakukan uji normalitas data.Hasil penelitian: sebelum intervensi, seluruh balita mengalami gizi kurang dengan rata-rata berat badan pada kelompok PMT modifikasi 8,438 kg ± 1,1451 dan pada kelompok PMT biskuit 8,725 kg ± 1,2303. Sesudah intervensi, terjadi peningkatan berat badan rata-rata balita pada kelompok PMT Modifikasi menjadi 9,088 kg ± 1,1740 dan kelompok PMT biskuit 9,125 kg ± 1,1913. Hasil analisis didapatkan pada kelompok PMT modifikasi, t hitung = 19,858 dan ρ = 0,000 serta kelompok PMT biskuit, t hitung = 14,967 dan ρ = 0,000. Analisis uji beda mendapatkan nilai t hitung = 5,916 dan nilai ρ = 0,000Kesimpulan : PMT modifikasi dan PMT biskuit efektif terhadap peningkatan status gizi balita gizi kurang di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Paguyaman Kabupaten Boalemo. PMT modifikasi lebih efektif dibandingkan pemberian PMT biskuit terhadap peningkatan status gizi balita gizi kurang. Diharapkan kepada orang tua balita agar terus memperhatikan dan memberikan asupan makanan bergizi tinggi kepada anak balita.
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Liu, Yupeng, Hongbo He, Can Zhang, Hao Zeng, Xiaopeng Tong, and Qing Liu. "Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumors: Rethinking the Clinical Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010252.
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Background: The diagnosis of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMT) is easily delayed clinically, and their surgical treatment is unstandardized. This study aimed to evaluate our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of PMT and provide a research basis for the accurate and standardized treatment of PMT. Materials and Methods: Twelve patients diagnosed with PMT in our department and who underwent surgical treatment were included in this study. Preoperative demographic and clinical information were recorded. CT, MRI, and technetium-99m (Tc99m)-octreotide PET/CT imaging techniques were used to evaluate the general conditions and lesion boundaries of the tumors. Surgical treatment was performed using radical resection and microwave ablation-assisted extended curettage according to the lesion location and size. Patients were strictly followed up with and evaluated for oncological prognosis, radiological results, bone healing, serum ion levels, limb function, and pain level; the occurrence of complications was also recorded. Results: Three patients underwent radical resection, and nine underwent microwave ablation-assisted extended curettage. The average duration of symptoms in this group was 1.5 years (9–35 months) before diagnosis. Serum phosphate and AKP levels returned to normal one and two weeks postoperatively, respectively. There was no apparent specificity in the pathological findings; however, the immunohistochemistry of FGF-23 was positive, and the original fracture sites were effectively healed during the follow-up. The limb function and pain scores were significantly improved. The MSTS score increased from 15.3 to 29.0, and the VAS score decreased from 5.3 to 0.4. All patients recovered, and 90% resumed their original jobs. Conclusions: Accurate diagnosis and standardized surgical treatment are crucial to achieving a clinical cure for PMT. Combining clinical manifestations, biochemical examinations, imaging characteristics, and pathological findings is an effective way to diagnose PMT accurately. Radical resection and microwave ablation-assisted extended curettage are reliable surgical treatment methods for PMT.
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Xu, Yu-Lian, Xiao-Ming Jiang, Le-Le Zhang, Xiuping Chen, Zhang-Jian Huang, and Jin-Jian Lu. "Establishment and Characterization of Pemetrexed-resistant NCI-H460/PMT Cells." Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 19, no. 6 (July 10, 2019): 731–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520619666190307120441.
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Background:Pemetrexed (PMT) is a multitargeted antifolate agent that is used for treating patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). However, patients have presented clinical responses of drug resistance to PMT.Objective:This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of PMT resistance in NSCLC cells.Methods:PMT-resistant NCI-H460/PMT cells were established by treating with PMT in a concentrationescalation manner. MTT assay and colony formation were performed to detect cell proliferation. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of Ki-67. Transwell assay was performed to measure cell migration ability. qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of indicated genes. Small interfering RNAs (siRNA) were used to knockdown ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) and Thymidylate Synthase (TYMS).Results:This study showed that compared with the parental cells, the NCI-H460/PMT cells displayed weakened proliferation and enhanced cell mobility. In addition, the NCI-H460/PMT cells demonstrated cellular senescence, which might result in PMT resistance. The NCI-H460/PMT cells exhibited cross-resistance to other chemotherapeutics, including fluorouracil, paclitaxel, doxorubicin, etoposide and gemcitabine, possibly because of the upregulated expression of ABCB1. However, the ABCB1 knockdown by siRNA failed to eradicate PMT resistance. Moreover, TYMS, a target of PMT, was obviously upregulated in the resistant cells. The genetic silence of TYMS partially abrogated PMT resistance, suggesting that the overexpression of TYMS was a key resistant mechanism of PMT.Conclusion:The overexpression of TYMS was an important resistance mechanism of PMT for KRAS-mutated NCI-H460 cells. Cross-resistance to other chemotherapeutics should be considered in addressing PMT resistance.
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Yang, A., Z. Qin, Z. Wang, F. Luo, and R. Yi. "Investigating the large signal phenomenon in single photo-electron measurements of the 20-inch MCP-PMT." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 05 (May 1, 2023): P05029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/05/p05029.
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Abstract In this paper, we investigated a large signal phenomenon (LSP) in single photo- electron (SPE) measurement of the 20-inch MCP-PMT. The LSP will cause a long tail of the PMT output charge spectrum, and it will affect the calculation of the number of photoelectrons (PEs) collected and the gain of the PMT. To evaluate the LSP of the 20-inch MCP-PMT, a parameterization method is developed, by measurement of the LSP distribution in the full photocathode of the PMT and study of LSP variation with different voltage ratios applied for the PMT.
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Zhang, Yinhuan, Lirong Liu, Menghan Feng, Hao Wu, Yihang Dai, Zhixin Jia, Cong Fang, et al. "Discovery of Hepatotoxic Equivalent Markers and Mechanism of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. by Metabolomics Coupled with Molecular Docking." Molecules 28, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010025.
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Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PMT), a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine for treating diseases such as poisoning and white hair, has attracted constant attention due to the frequent occurrence of liver injury incidents. To date, its hepatotoxic equivalent markers (HEMs) and potential hepatotoxic mechanisms are still unclear. In order to clarify the HEMs of PMT and further explore the potential mechanisms of hepatotoxicity, firstly, the chemical constituents in PMT extract were globally characterized, and the fingerprints of PMT extracts were established along with the detection of their hepatotoxicity in vivo. Then, the correlations between hepatotoxic features and component contents were modeled by chemometrics to screen HEMs of PMT, which were then further evaluated. Finally, the hepatotoxic mechanisms of PMT were investigated using liver metabolomics and molecular docking. The results show that the chemical combination of 2,3,5,4-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG) and emodin-8-O-glucoside (EG) was discovered as the HEMs of PMT through pre-screening and verifying process. Liver metabolomics revealed that PMT caused liver injury by interfering with purine metabolism, which might be related to mitochondrial function disorder and oxidative injury via the up-regulations of xanthosine and xanthine, and the down-regulation of 5‘ nucleotidase (NT5E) and adenylate kinase 2 (AK2). This study not only found that the HEMs of PMT were TSG and EG, but also clarified that PMT might affect purine metabolism to induce liver injury, which contributed to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of PMT hepatotoxicity.
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Rohima, Ira Endah. "KAJIAN PROGRAM MAKANAN TAMBAHAN UNTUK ANAK SEKOLAH (PMT-AS) DI BANDUNG." INFOMATEK 18, no. 1 (October 9, 2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/infomatek.v18i1.505.
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Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengkaji kinerja PMT-AS di Bandung, persepsi pihak sekolah mengenai pelaksanaan, manfaat, beban, kebutuhan, dan pelatihan dari PMT-AS, dan persepsi masyarakat mengenai pelaksanaan, manfaat, beban, kebutuhan dari PMT-AS. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional study dan retrospective yang dilaksanakan di Kabupaten dan Kota Bandung. Pengambilan data primer dan sekunder dari responden pihak sekolah dan masyarakat yang berjumlah 54 orang. Pejabat Daerah di Bandung memberikan persepsi bahwa pelaksananan PMT-AS berjalan dengan baik (100%), 75-100% menilai bahwa PMT-AS memberikan manfaat, tidak menjadi beban (50-100%), masih dibutuhkan (100%).Pihak sekolah memberikan persepsi bahwa pelaksanaan PMT-AS berjalan dengan baik (100%), 75-91,7% pihak sekolah menilai bahwa PMT-AS memberikan manfaat (100%), tidak menjadi beban(100%), dan masih dibutuhkan (100%). Masyarakat di Bandung memberikan persepsi bahwa pelaksanaan PMT-AS berjalan dengan baik (100%), memberikan manfaat (90,9-100%), dan tidak menjadi beban (100%) dan masih dibutuhkan (100%).
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Bagley, Kenneth C., Sayed F. Abdelwahab, Robert G. Tuskan, and George K. Lewis. "Pasteurella multocida Toxin Activates Human Monocyte-Derived and Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells In Vitro but Suppresses Antibody Production In Vivo." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 1 (January 2005): 413–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.1.413-421.2005.
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ABSTRACT Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT) is a potent mitogen for fibroblasts and osteoblastic cells. PMT activates phospholipase C-β through Gqα, and the activation of this pathway is responsible for its mitogenic activity. Here, we investigated the effects of PMT on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) in vitro and show a novel activity for PMT. In this regard, PMT activates MDDC to mature in a dose-dependent manner through the activation of phospholipase C and subsequent mobilization of calcium. This activation was accompanied by enhanced stimulation of naïve alloreactive T cells and dominant inhibition of interleukin-12 production in the presence of saturating concentrations of lipopolysaccharide. Surprisingly, although PMT mimics the activating effects of cholera toxin on human MDDC and mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, we found that PMT is not a mucosal adjuvant and that it suppresses the adjuvant effects of cholera toxin in mice. Together, these results indicate discordant effects for PMT in vitro compared to those in vivo.
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Wilson, Brenda A., Lyaylya R. Aminova, Virgilio G. Ponferrada, and Mengfei Ho. "Differential Modulation and Subsequent Blockade of Mitogenic Signaling and Cell Cycle Progression by Pasteurella multocida Toxin." Infection and Immunity 68, no. 8 (August 1, 2000): 4531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.8.4531-4538.2000.
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ABSTRACT The intracellularly acting protein toxin of Pasteurella multocida (PMT) causes numerous effects in cells, including activation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) signaling, Ca2+ mobilization, protein phosphorylation, morphological changes, and DNA synthesis. The direct intracellular target of PMT responsible for activation of the IP3 pathway is the Gq/11α-protein, which stimulates phospholipase C (PLC) β1. The relationship between PMT-mediated activation of the Gq/11-PLC-IP3pathway and its ability to promote mitogenesis and cellular proliferation is not clear. PMT stimulation of p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase occurs upstream via Gq/11-dependent transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. We have further characterized the effects of PMT on the downstream mitogenic response and cell cycle progression in Swiss 3T3 and Vero cells. PMT treatment caused dramatic morphological changes in both cell lines. In Vero cells, limited multinucleation, nuclear fragmentation, and disruption of cytokinesis were also observed; however, a strong mitogenic response occurred only with Swiss 3T3 cells. Significantly, this mitogenic response was not sustained. Cell cycle analysis revealed that after the initial mitogenic response to PMT, both cell types subsequently arrested primarily in G1and became unresponsive to further PMT treatment. In Swiss 3T3 cells, PMT induced up-regulation of c-Myc; cyclins D1, D2, D3, and E; p21; PCNA; and the Rb proteins, p107 and p130. In Vero cells, PMT failed to up-regulate PCNA and cyclins D3 and E. We also found that the initial PMT-mediated up-regulation of several of these signaling proteins was not sustained, supporting the subsequent cell cycle arrest. The consequences of PMT entry thus depend on the differential regulation of signaling pathways within different cell types.
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Brendza, Katherine M., William Haakenson, Rebecca E. Cahoon, Leslie M. Hicks, Lavanya H. Palavalli, Brandi J. Chiapelli, Merry McLaird, et al. "Phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PMT-1) catalyses the first reaction of a new pathway for phosphocholine biosynthesis in Caenorhabditis elegans." Biochemical Journal 404, no. 3 (May 29, 2007): 439–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20061815.
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The development of nematicides targeting parasitic nematodes of animals and plants requires the identification of biochemical targets not found in host organisms. Recent studies suggest that Caenorhabditis elegans synthesizes phosphocholine through the action of PEAMT (S-adenosyl-L-methionine:phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferases) that convert phosphoethanolamine into phosphocholine. Here, we examine the function of a PEAMT from C. elegans (gene: pmt-1; protein: PMT-1). Our analysis shows that PMT-1 only catalyses the conversion of phosphoethanolamine into phospho-monomethylethanolamine, which is the first step in the PEAMT pathway. This is in contrast with the multifunctional PEAMT from plants and Plasmodium that perform multiple methylations in the pathway using a single enzyme. Initial velocity and product inhibition studies indicate that PMT-1 uses a random sequential kinetic mechanism and is feedback inhibited by phosphocholine. To examine the effect of abrogating PMT-1 activity in C. elegans, RNAi (RNA interference) experiments demonstrate that pmt-1 is required for worm growth and development and validate PMT-1 as a potential target for inhibition. Moreover, providing pathway metabolites downstream of PMT-1 reverses the RNAi phenotype of pmt-1. Because PMT-1 is not found in mammals, is only distantly related to the plant PEAMT and is conserved in multiple parasitic nematodes of humans, animals and crop plants, inhibitors targeting it may prove valuable in human and veterinary medicine and agriculture.
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Hakim, Muhammad Fahmi, Sigi Syah Wibowo, and Fiqri Dwi Novari Bakhtiar. "ANALISIS PERENCANAAN PEMUTUS TENAGA BAY SHUNT CAPACITOR DI GARDU INDUK (GI) SUMENEP." JURNAL ELTEK 17, no. 1 (June 4, 2019): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/eltek.v17i1.139.
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Dalam rangka menanggulangi jatuh tegangan di Gardu Induk (GI) Sumenep maka PT. PLN telah melakukan kajian tentang pemasangan shunt capacitor. Kajian tersebut menghasilkan ketetapan perlu dilakukan pemasangan shunt capacitor dengan kapasitas 25 MVAR. Agar shunt capacitor dan jaringan yang terhubung dapat beroperasi dengan aman maka diperlukan pemasangan peralatan Pemutus Tenaga (PMT)/Circuit Breaker (CB). PMT ini harus dapat memutuskan arus hubung singkat dan arus gangguan lain jika terjadi gangguan pada saluran yang diproteksinya.Dengan mempertimbangkan pentingnya adanya perencanaan yang seksama terhadap PMT, maka perlu diadakan penelitian mengenai analisis perencanaan spesifikasi PMT yang terhubung dengan bay shunt capacitor di GI Sumenep. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan dan analisis yang telah dilakukan maka jenis PMT yang dipilih berdasarkan media pemadam busur listrik adalah PMT dengan Gas SF6 karena memiliki beberapa kelebihan jika dibandingkan dengan PMT dengan media pemadam bususr listrik lainnya. PMT merk AREVA dengan tipe GL 313 F3 karena telah memenuhi spesifikasi yang direncanakan.
In order to overcome the voltage drop at Sumenep substation, PT. PLN has conducted a study of the installation of shunt capacitors. The study resulted in the determination of the need to install a shunt capacitor with a capacity of 25 MVAR. For the safety of shunt capacitor and the connected network, it is necessary to install the Circuit Breaker (CB) equipment. This CB must be able to clear the short circuit current and other fault currents if there is fault. Considering the importance of planning CB, a research on the analysis of PMT specification planning that is connected to the bay shunt capacitor needs to be conducted at Sumenep Substation. Based on the results of calculations and analyzes that have been carried out, the type of PMT chosen based on electric arc extinguishing media is PMT with SF6 Gas because it has several advantages compared to PMT with other electric busus extinguishing media. PMT AREVA brand with type GL 313 F3 has been chosen because it meets the planned specifications.
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Wang, Hong, Rui Song Yang, and Ying Wang. "Preparation of Poly(m-toluidine)/Montmorillonite Composites and its Thermal Stability." Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (June 2014): 334–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.334.
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Poly (m-toluidine)(PMT) / montmorillonite (MMT) Composites with thermal stability were synthesized by in situ chemical polymerization of m-toluidine monomer in the presence of montmorillonite. The PMT /MMT composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The FT-IR result displayed the successful incorporation of montmorillonite clay in the prepared PMT/MMT composite. X-ray diffraction result for PMT/MMT showed the intercalation of PMT between the clay layers. The higher thermal stability of high MMT content rate might be attributed to its higher chain compactness due to the interfacial interaction between the PMT and the .MMT.
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Masri, Erina, Wulan Kartika Sari, and Yensasnidar Yensasnidar. "Efektifitas Pemberian Makanan Tambahan dan Konseling Gizi dalam Perbaikan Status Gizi Balita." JURNAL KESEHATAN PERINTIS (Perintis's Health Journal) 7, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33653/jkp.v7i2.516.
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Upaya pemerintah untuk menangani masalah gizi pada balita yaitu dengan memberikan makanan tambahan berupa biskuit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh pemberian makanan tambahan (PMT) dibandingkan dengan pemberian makanan tambahan (PMT) disertai konseling gizi terhadap status gizi anak usia 6 – 24 bulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Quasi Eksperimental design dengan rancangan two group pretest and postest. Sampel penelitian balita gizi kurang usia 6–24 bulan di Nagari IV Koto Mudik Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan berjumlah 14 orang. Analisis data menggunakan uji paired T-Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata berat badan yaitu 6,9 kg sebelum diberikan PMT. Setelah diberikan PMT pada bulan I diperoleh rata-rata berat badan 7,3 kg, 7,7 kg pada bulan II dan 8,2 kg pada bulan III perlakuan. Pada kelompok perlakuan kombinasi PMT dan Konseling Gizi, rata-rata berat badan awal 6,9 kg, terjadi peningkatan berat badan 7,3 kg pada bulan I, 7,9 kg pada bulan II dan 8,3 kg pada bulan III. Pemberian PMT saja tidak berpengaruh terhadap status gizi berdasarkan BB/U (p=,0,078). Intervensi kombinasi PMT dan Konseling Gizi berpengaruh terhadap status gizi kurang usia 6 – 24 bulan (p=0,008), akan tetapi tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh intervensi PMT dengan kombinasi PMT dan Konseling Gizi terhadap status gizi kurang usia 6 – 24 bulan (p=0,356)
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Peltroche-Llacsahuanga, Heidrun, Sophie Goyard, Christophe d′Enfert, Stephan K. H. Prill, and Joachim F. Ernst. "Protein O-Mannosyltransferase Isoforms Regulate Biofilm Formation in Candida albicans." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50, no. 10 (October 2006): 3488–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00606-06.
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ABSTRACT Five isoforms of protein mannosyltransferase (Pmt) O-mannosylate secretory proteins in Candida albicans. pmt mutants were differentially defective for biofilm formation on plastic in static and flow-through systems, and a Pmt inhibitor blocked early stages of biofilm formation. Conceptually, Pmt inhibition may prevent surface anchoring and biofilm-dependent resistance of fungal pathogens.
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Samputro, Muhammad Rizki, and Arkhan Subari. "SIMULASI PELIMPAHAN BEBAN SISTEM PMT KOPEL TO KOPEL PADA SAAT PEMELIHARAAN TRAFO BERBASIS ARDUINO MEGA 2560 MENGGUNAKAN VT SCADA 11.2." Gema Teknologi 20, no. 3 (October 31, 2019): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/gt.v20i3.25749.
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Mochammad Rizki Samputro, Arkhan Subari in this paper explains that the need for electricity in everyday life demands PT. PLN to always maintain the distribution of electrical energy to customers. Therefore, it is necessary to use a strategy to prevent blackouts if the transformer is being maintained, that is by maneuvering the load through the network or by using a 20 KV coupling system. The 20 KV Coupling System consists of PMT Kopel Transformer 1 and PMT Kopel Transformer 2 or often called PMT Kopel to Kopel. In this research, a Kopel to Kopel PMT simulation tool is used to transfer transformer loads during maintenance using a LY2N DPDT 12 V relay, ZMCT103C current transformer sensor, voltage sensor, tap changer and use Arduino Mega 2560 as a delivery choice change. After the experiment, the total current size of transformer 1 and transformer 2 exceeds the capacity of transformer which is 4.29 A and the voltage difference is 0.71 V (5.9 %). Therefore it is necessary to adjust the current and voltage regulation so that it becomes 2.82 A and 0.06 V (0.5 %). After that the transfer of load Transformer 2 to Transformer 1 using PMT Kopel to Kopel can be done. The load transfer is done by entering the PMT Kopel 1 and PMT Kopel 2 simultaneously and the Incoming 2 PMT is released. For the normalization, PMT Incoming 2 is entered and PMT Kopel 1 and Kopel 2 are released simultaneously.
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Pokhrel, Buddhi Raj, Samjhana KC, Archana Jayan, Jharana Shrestha, Binaya Tamang, Narayan Gautam, Amit Chandra Jha, and Raju Kumar Dubey. "Serum Bilirubin and Uric Acid Levels in Pan Masala Tobacco Users as Compared to Non-Users." MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences 2, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v2i4.53529.
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INTRODUCTION: Pan Masala Tobacco (PMT), consumed in smoke and smokeless form, contains various carcinogenic chemicals and free radicals. Bilirubin and uric acid are said to have both pro- and anti-oxidant activities. In this context, we aimed to compare the serum levels of bilirubin and uric acid between PMT users and non-users. We also wanted to observe the pattern of PMT consumption among the users. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 204 participants were enrolled in this community-based comparative cross-sectional study. The study was conducted in the Ranigaun community, Rupandehi, Nepal, from March 2020 to December 2020 AD for ten months. Serum bilirubin (total, conjugated and unconjugated) and uric acid levels of both PMT users (n = 103) and non-users (n = 101) were measured. MannWhitney U test and Chi-squared analysis were performed. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The majority of PMT users were male (n= 90; 87.3%). Most of them consumed smokeless forms of PMT (n = 64; 62.1%), with tobacco being the most preferred product (n = 42; 40.8%). The average age of PMT users was significantly higher (44 years) than the non-users (38 years). The serum uric acid and bilirubin levels were not significantly different among the PMT users and non-users. CONCLUSIONS: Male consumed more PMT than females. Smokeless tobacco was the most preferred product in the studied area. Serum bilirubin and uric acid levels did not vary significantly between PMT users and non-users.
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Jeong, D. S., J.-H. Moon, B.-T. Lee, and J. H. Kim. "Preparation of epitaxial Pb(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3 thin film by chemical solution deposition." Journal of Materials Research 17, no. 11 (November 2002): 2884–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2002.0418.
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Pb(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3 (PMT) powders and heteroepitaxial thin films on (001) SrTiO3 (STO) substrates were prepared by the chemical solution deposition method. The phase development in PMT powders and thin films was investigated by x-ray diffraction, and the microstructure of PMT thin films was studied by transmission electron microscopy. Phase transformation from pyrochlore to perovskite in the PMT powder samples occurred in the temperature range of 700–800 °C, and perovskite phase was mainly observed in samples annealed above 800 °C. However, perovskite phase in PMT thin films on STO substrates was formed mainly in samples annealed as low as 750 °C/1 h, and it shows an epitaxial orientation relationship of [100](001)PMT∥[100](001)STO.
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Guo, Jian Ye, Zhong Qi Sheng, and Liang Zhao. "The Error Compensation Strategy of 3-TPT Parallel Machine Tool Based on Semi-Closed Loop Control." Advanced Materials Research 321 (August 2011): 176–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.321.176.
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This paper took a kind of 3-TPT Parallel Machine Tool (PMT) as the object of research; it mainly introduced the process of establishing the compensation strategy for this PMT. Firstly the kinematics equation of this PMT was established on the basis of kinematics analysis, the results showed that the kinematics equation of this PMT have characteristics that are simple calculation, explicit expression and unique solution. Then according to the structural characteristics and the results of kinematics analysis, the error compensation strategy of feedback correction type with the semi-closed loop control mode was used in the error compensation for this PMT by the method of assembling the gratings on the driving rods, namely the compensation way of “parallel driving and parallel feedback” was adopted. The research results in this paper provided a theoretical basis for realizing error compensation of this PMT, and had important practical significance for improving machining precision of PMT.
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Rennert, Mirko, and Benedikt T. Hiller. "Influence of Coffee Variety and Processing on the Properties of Parchments as Functional Bioadditives for Biobased Poly(butylene succinate) Composites." Polymers 15, no. 14 (July 8, 2023): 2985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15142985.
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Fermented polymers like biobased poly(butylene succinate) (BioPBS) have become more relevant as technical substitutes for ductile petrochemical-based polymers but require biogenic functional additives to deaccelerate undesired thermo-oxidative degradation and keep a fully biobased character. In this paper, the influence of coffee parchment (PMT) from two different varieties and processings on the thermo-oxidative stabilization and mechanical properties of poly(butylene succinate) composites up to 20 wt.-% PMT were investigated. Micronized with a TurboRotor mill, both PMT powders differ in particle size and shape, moisture ab- and adsorption behavior and antioxidative properties. It could be shown that pulped-natural PMT consists partially of coffee cherry residues, which leads to a higher total polyphenol content and water activity. The homogeneous PMT from fully washed processing has a higher thermal degradation resistance but consists of fibers with larger diameters. Compounded with the BioPBS and subsequent injection molded, the fully washed PMT leads to higher stiffness and equal tensile strength but lower toughness compared to the pulped-natural PMT, especially at lower deformation speed. Surprisingly, the fully washed PMT showed a higher stability against thermo-oxidative decomposition despite the lower values in the total phenol content and antioxidative activity. The required antioxidative stabilizers might be extracted at higher temperatures from the PMT fibers, making it a suitable biogenic stabilizer for extrusion processes.
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Malgor, R. D., and A. P. Gasparis. "pharmacomechanical Thrombectomy for Early Thrombus Removal." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 27, no. 1_suppl (March 2012): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/phleb.2012.012s14.
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Objectives: To review the current literature on the outcomes of pharmacomechanical thrombectomy (PMT) for early thrombus removal in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Methods: We searched the MEDLINE database and performed a manual search of the references of selected articles to select reports reporting the outcomes of PMT alone and PMT compared to catheter-direct thrombolysis (CDT). Outcomes of interest included clot lysis rate, incidence of pulmonary embolism, major bleeding, recurrent deep vein thrombosis, number of venograms needed and amount of lytic utilized. Results We found nine articles that reported outcomes of PMT. Three devices were utilized for PMT, the Angiojet, Trellis and Helix. Different thrombolytics were used to facilitate thrombus removal including urokinase, reteplase, tecneteplase, and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). Complete and partial thrombus removal were achieved in up to 84% and 64% and 81% and 59% of the limbs treated with PMT and CDT alone, respectively. Data on PE and bleeding risk after PMT compared to CDT are scarce. The duration of the thrombolysis process, amount of lytics and number of venograms were substantially reduced in the patients who had PMT compared to those who underwent CDT alone. Two articles evaluated the obstacles that limit the indication of PMT in patients with VTE. Conclusion: VTE is a prevalent burden in Western societies. The rationale of early thrombus is to reduce valvular damage and improve venous patency in order to reduce the risk of PTS. PMT is a feasible, safe and faster alternative to expedite the thrombolysis process in patients with VTE.
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Ulfa, Ika Mardiatul, Sukamto Sukamto, and Kamalia Nadiya. "Gambaran PMTPada Ibu Hamil Kekurangan Energi Kronik (Kek) Oleh Petugas Kesehatan Di Puskesmas Pekauman Banjarmasin." Proceeding Of Sari Mulia University Midwifery National Seminars, no. 1 (July 22, 2019): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33859/psmumns.v0i1.32.
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ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Kekurangan energy kronik (KEK) pada ibu hamil adalah salah satu masalah gizi nasional yang selalu mendapat prioritas atau perhatian karena selain prevalensinya masih tinggi juga menberikan dampak tingginya prevalensi berat badan lahir rendah, bayi lahir tidak cukup bulan, bahkan mengakibatkan tingginya kematian neonatal dan kematian ibu. Pemerintah telah mengupayakan PMT bagi ibu hamil melalui puskesmas agar masalah gangguan gizi dapat ditanggulangi dan menurunkan angka morbilitas dan mortalitas maternal sehingga terwujudnya Indonesia Sehat 2015. Di Puskesmas Pekauman angka kejadian KEK pada ibu hamil mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2013 – 2016. angka tertinggi pada tahun 2015 yaitu 101 dan ada penurunan pada tahun 2017 terdapat 54 kasus. Di Puskesmas Pekauman tahun 2018 Ibu hamil KEK yang tidak mendapatkan PMT sekitar 7 orang.Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran PMT pada ibu hamil KEK oleh petugas kesehatan di Puskesmas Pekauman BanjarmasinMetode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini semua ibu hamil KEK di Puskesmas Pekauman Banjarmasin yang berjumlah 35 orang dan sampel penelitian adalah seluruh populasi yang ada. Alat pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner.Hasil: Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden PMT yang masih diusulkan sebanyak 18 orang (51,5%) , responden yang Tidak mendapatkan PMT sebanyak 7 orang (20%) dan responden yang dapat PMT sebanyak 10 orang (28,5%).Simpulan: Sebagian besar responden belum mendapatkan PMT dari petugas kesehatan di Puskesmas Pekauman sehingga disarankan bagi petugas kesehatan untuk lebih memperhatikan ibu hamil yang berada diwilayahnya khususnya bagi ibu hamil yang KEK agar mendapatkan PMT. Kata kunci: Ibu Hamil, KEK, PMT (Pemberian Makanan Tambahan) Overview of PMT in Pregnant Women Lack of Chronic Energy (Kek) by Health Officers in Pekauman Health Center Banjarmasin ABSTRACT Background: Chronic energy deficiency (KEK) in pregnant women is one of the national nutritional problems that always gets priority or attention because besides its prevalence is still high it also gives a high impact on the prevalence of low birth weight, babies born not enough months, even resulting in high neonatal mortality and maternal death. The government has sought supplementary feeding (PMT) for pregnant women through health centers so that nutritional problems can be overcome and reduce maternal morbidity and mortality so that the realization of Healthy Indonesia 2015. In the Pekauman Health Center the incidence of SEZs in pregnant women has increased from 2013 - 2016. the highest figure in 2015 was 101 and there was a decline in 2017 with 54 cases. At the Pekauman Health Center in 2018 KEK pregnant women who do not get PMT are around 7 people.Objective: To find out the description of PMT in SEZ pregnant women by health workers at the Pekauman Health Center BanjarmasinMethod: This study uses descriptive methods. The population in this study were all KEK pregnant women in the Pekauman Banjarmasin Public Health Center, which numbered 35 people and the study sample was the entire population. Data collection tool in the form of a questionnaire.Results: The results of the study showed that most of the PMT respondents who were still proposed were 18 people (51.5%), respondents who did not get PMT were 7 people (20%) and respondents who received PMT were 10 people (28.5%).Conclusion: Most respondents did not get PMT from health workers at the Pekauman Health Center, so it was recommended for health workers to pay more attention to pregnant women in their area, especially for pregnant women who had SEZs to get PMT. Key words: Pregnant women, SEZ, PMT (Supplementary feeding)
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Wu, Diru, Fengjiao Luo, Zhimin Wang, Min Li, Jilei Xu, Miao He, Changgen Yang, and Yuekun Heng. "Study on the linearity of 20'' dynode and MCP PMTs." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 05 (May 1, 2023): P05033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/05/p05033.
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Abstract The linearity of charge response is an important feature of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) for physics measurements, especially the newly developed 20'' microchannel plate (MCP) PMT (MCP-PMT). In this paper, in addition to the traditional method of double light sources, we applied another relative method of 20'' PMT to 3'' PMT comparison to measure the linearity of the 20'' dynode and MCP PMTs in pulse mode using a waveform digitizer. The measurements show a good linear response of the two types of 20'' PMTs to 1000 photoelectrons (p.e.). The correlations of the amplitude, rise-time, fall-time, FWHM, baseline recovery, overshoot, and the amplitude ratio of late-puse of the 20'' PMTs were derived from the waveform analysis, where the MCP-PMT shows very different features compared to the 20'' dynode-PMT.
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Horn, Astrid, Oliver Ullrich, Kathrin Huber, and Ruth Hemmersbach. "PMT (Photomultiplier) Clinostat." Microgravity Science and Technology 23, no. 1 (September 15, 2010): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12217-010-9234-5.
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Gwaltney, S. M., R. J. S. Galvin, K. B. Register, R. B. Rimler, and M. R. Ackermann. "Effects of Pasteurella multocida Toxin on Porcine Bone Marrow Cell Differentiation into Osteoclasts and Osteoblasts." Veterinary Pathology 34, no. 5 (September 1997): 421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098589703400506.
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The effect of Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT) on porcine osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation was studied using in vitro cell culture systems. When grown in the presence of Vitamin D3, isolated porcine bone marrow cells formed multinucleated cells with features characteristic of osteoclasts. Exposure of bone marrow cells to Vitamin D3 and PMT during growth resulted in formation of increased numbers and earlier appearance of osteoclasts compared to controls. Ultrafiltered medium from PMT-treated cells likewise increased osteoclast numbers, suggesting that a soluble mediator may be involved in the action of PMT. When cell cultures were treated with fluorescein-labeled PMT, fluorescence was found within the cytoplasm of small, round cells that did not resemble either osteoclasts or osteoclastic precursor cells. Cultures of porcine bone marrow cells exposed to dexamethasone, ascorbic acid, and β-glycerophosphate developed into osteoblastic cells that formed multilayered, mineralized nodules. Exposure of osteoblastic cultures to low concentrations of PMT resulted in retarded cell growth, formation of decreased numbers of nodules, and minimal to no mineralization in the nodules; higher concentrations of PMT resulted in increased cellular debris and poor growth of cells, with no nodule formation. These findings suggest that PMT may induce turbinate atrophy in pigs by increasing osteoclast numbers and inhibiting osteoblastic bone formation. The effect of PMT on osteoclastic differentiation and growth may not be due to a direct effect on preosteoclastic cells, but rather due to alterations in the soluble mediator secretion by marrow stromal cells.
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Rouabhia, Mahmoud, Martin Schaller, Cristina Corbucci, Anna Vecchiarelli, Stephan K. H. Prill, Luc Giasson, and Joachim F. Ernst. "Virulence of the Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans Requires the Five Isoforms of Protein Mannosyltransferases." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 8 (August 2005): 4571–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.8.4571-4580.2005.
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ABSTRACT The PMT gene family in Candida albicans encodes five isoforms of protein mannosyltransferases (Pmt proteins Pmt1p, Pmt2p, Pmt4p, Pmt5p, and Pmt6p) that initiate O mannosylation of secretory proteins. We compared virulence characteristics of pmt mutants in two complex, three-dimensional models of localized candidiasis, using reconstituted human epithelium (RHE) and engineered human oral mucosa (EHOM); in addition, mutants were tested in a mouse model of hematogenously disseminated candidiasis (HDC). All pmt mutants showed attenuated virulence in the HDC model and at least one model of localized candidiasis. The pmt5 mutant, which lacks in vitro growth phenotypes, was less virulent in the EHOM and HDC assays but had no consistent phenotype in the RHE assay. In contrast, the pmt4 and pmt6 mutants were less virulent in the RHE and HDC assays but not in the EHOM assay. The results stress the contribution of all Pmt isoforms to the virulence of C. albicans and suggest that the importance of individual Pmt isoforms may differ in specific host niches. We propose that Pmt proteins may be suitable targets for future novel classes of antifungal agents.
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He, Ling Ling, Xin Wang, Bin Liu, and Rui Mei Xu. "Electrochemical Behavior of Promethazine Hydrochloride and its Interaction with Bovine Serum Albumin." Advanced Materials Research 554-556 (July 2012): 450–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.554-556.450.
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In this paper, the electrochemical behavior of promethazine hydrochloride (PMT) and its interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were studied by means of cyclic voltammetry. In pH 6.5 Tris-HCl buffer solution, PMT exhibits a pair of reversible peaks and an irreversible oxidation peak at a bare gold electrode. The electrode reactions are the process controlled by adsorption. The results of cyclic voltammetry suggest that a BSA-PMT complex is formed, and this complex is not electroactive. The absorption spectra confirm the binding PMT to BSA. The binding number m and the binding constant β of BSA binding to PMT are 2.10 and 7.43×105L/mol, respectively.
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Jones, Maris S., Melanie Goldfarb, Mansen Wang, and Emily Ho. "Disparities in multigene signature testing and its impact on adjuvant therapy in early stage breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.550.
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550 Background: Commercially available prognostic multigene signature tests (PMT) have been available for over a decade to guide adjuvant therapy in early stage breast cancer. This study explores persistent disparities in the availability of PMT and how results influence the use of adjuvant therapy. Methods: Females > 18 years of age with newly diagnosed, primary, Stage I-III, ER positive, HER2-neu negative breast cancer that did not receive neoadjuvant therapy between 2006-2014 were captured from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) participant user file. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified factors associated with utilization of PMT as well as receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with PMT risk stratification. Results: Of 574,921 eligible females, 130,297 (22.66%) received PMT. Almost all patients that had PMT had pathologically negative (pN0 = 83%) or 1-3 positive LNs (pN1 = 16%). Controlling for tumor features, patients least likely to have PMT were of lower socioeconomic status, uninsured, not White non-Hispanic, < 40 or > 70 years of age, and treated at community hospitals or in the Western region (all p < 0.001). Very few patients with PMT results actually received adjuvant chemotherapy (0.64% of 92,235). Of this small group, younger patients (ages 18-49) those with less education (OR = 1.37, 95%CI:1.07-1.76), positive lymph nodes, and larger tumors (OR = 1.62, 95%CI:1.37-1.91) were more likely to receive adjuvant chemotherapy whereas patients with PR positive tumors (OR = 0.33, 95%CI:0.18-0.60) and those treated at academic facilities (OR = 0.81, 95%CI:0.68-0.96) were less likely to receive adjuvant chemotherapy after controlling for competing factors. Intermediate (OR = 5.34, 95%CI: 4.42-6.45) or high risk (OR = 32.65, 95%CI: 25.74-41.43) PMT scores had the greatest impact on receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy regardless of nodal status. Conclusions: Common socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities exist for PMT testing, though inappropriate use (high T or N stage) was minimal. Since PMT results strongly influenced recommendation of adjuvant therapy, decreasing disparities and making PMT available to all patients that are deciding on adjuvant therapy should be a priority.
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Tang, Tao, Linyi Chen, Jinhui Chen, Tong Mei, and Yongming Lu. "Pharmacomechanical Thrombectomy Versus Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials." Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis 25 (January 1, 2019): 107602961882119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1076029618821190.
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Early catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) can reduce postthrombotic morbidity. Pharmacomechanical thrombolysis (PMT) is a new therapy that can be selected for the treatment of iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (IFDVT). We performed a meta-analysis of clinical trials comparing PMT versus CDT for treatment of acute IFDVT. Literature on this topic published between January 1, 1990, and June 1, 2018, was identified using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Six trials were included in the meta-analysis. Compared to CDT, PMT significantly reduced the Villalta score ( P = .007; I2 = 0%), thrombus score ( P = .01; I2 = 0%), the duration in the hospital ( P = .03; I2 = 64%), and thrombolysis time ( P < .00001, I2 = 0%). There was no significant difference in valvular incompetence events ( P = .21; I2 = 0%), minor bleeding events ( P = .59; I2 = 0%), stent events ( P = .09; I2 = 24%), and clot reduction grade I events ( P = .16; I2 = 43%) between PMT and CDT. Subgroup analysis was performed by dividing the clot reduction grade I events group into PMT plus CDT versus CDT group and significant differences were found ( P = .03, I2 = 0%) as well as for PMT alone versus CDT group ( P = .88, I2 = 37%). This meta-analysis shows that PMT reduces the severity of postthrombotic syndrome (PTS), thrombus score, duration in hospital, and thrombolysis time compared to CDT. More specifically, PMT plus CDT reduces clot reduction grade I events. No significant difference in valvular incompetence events, stent events, and minor bleeding events were found when PMT was compared to CDT.
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Van der Maas, Lia, Judith E. Bosmans, Maurits W. Van Tulder, and Thomas W. J. Janssen. "Cost-effectiveness of adding psychomotor therapy to a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program for chronic pain." Global & Regional Health Technology Assessment 7, no. 1 (December 14, 2020): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33393/grhta.2020.2031.
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Introduction: This study assesses the cost-effectiveness (CE) of a multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation program (treatment as usual [TAU]) with and without psychomotor therapy (PMT) for chronic pain patients.
Methods: Chronic pain patients were assigned to TAU + PMT or TAU using cluster randomization. Clinical outcomes measured were health-related quality of life (HRQOL), pain-related disability, and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Costs were measured from a societal perspective. Multiple imputation was used for missing data. Uncertainty surrounding incremental CE ratios was estimated using bootstrapping and presented in CE planes and CE acceptability curves.
Results: Ninety-four chronic pain patients (n = 49 TAU + PMT and n = 45 TAU) were included. There were no significant differences in HRQOL, Pain Disability Index, and QALYs between TAU + PMT and TAU. Direct costs in TAU + PMT were significantly higher than in TAU (mean difference €3327, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1329; 5506). However, total societal costs in TAU + PMT were not significantly higher than in TAU (mean difference €642, 95% CI −3323; 4373). CE analyses showed that TAU + PMT was not cost-effective in comparison with TAU.
Conclusions: Adding PMT to a multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation program is not considered cost-effective in comparison with a multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation program alone. The results of this study should be interpreted with caution because of the small sample size and high drop-out rate.
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Wibowo, Binka Aji, and Saiful Manan. "PEMANFAATAN PMT KOPEL SEBAGAI SARANA PENGALIHAN BEBAN DI GARDU INDUK SAYUNG KABUPATEN DEMAK." Gema Teknologi 18, no. 1 (October 1, 2014): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/gt.v18i1.8809.
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Binka Aji Wibowo, Saiful Manan, in paper use PMT coupling as load transfer in Sayung District Substation, Demak explain that to meet the reliability of the distribution system , it is necessary to do a continuity in the distribution of electrical energy. There are various causes of outages ranging from maintenance to interference. To resolved these problems, there are several solutions that can be done, such as transfer transformer load through PMT coupling. This can be done by connecting the two busbars by using a PMT. In operation the PMT coupling need to do prior preparation, among others, the daily load calculations. It is intended to carry transformer load does not exceed setting value. Keywords : PMT coupling, Busbar, Transformer.
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Iwata, Tetsuo, and Tsutomu Araki. "Phase-Modulation Fluorometer Using a Dynode-Voltage Burst-Modulated Photomultiplier Tube." Applied Spectroscopy 59, no. 8 (August 2005): 1049–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702054615151.
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We propose a new scheme for a phase-modulation fluorometer (PMF) in which a photomultiplier tube (PMT) is used as a photo-detector whose gain is modulated sinusoidally with a burst signal of period T and duty ratio 0.5. The carrier wave of the burst modulation signal is synchronized with an incident fluorescence signal. In order to modulate the gain of the PMT, one of the dynodes in the PMT was deeply biased and the burst signal was superimposed. Because the fluorescence signal is converted to a direct current (dc) signal by the PMT internal modulation, we can make the value of the load resistance of the PMT relatively large under the condition τ ≤ T/2, where τ is a time constant of a low-pass filter attached to the output of the PMT. The proposed scheme brings about advantages in sensitivity and noise immunity in detecting weak fluorescence in comparison with those of the conventional PMF. The combined technique of the burst modulation of the gain of the PMT and the alternating current (ac) signal detection alleviates the influence of the background light.
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Putri, Arum Sekar Rahayuning, and Trias Mahmudiono. "Efektivitas Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) Pemulihan Pada Status Gizi Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Simomulyo, Surabaya." Amerta Nutrition 4, no. 1 (March 15, 2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v4i1.2020.58-64.
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Background: One of the efforts made in overcoming malnutrition in the toddler age group is by implementing a Recovery Supplementary Feeding program.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in nutritional status of children based on weight for height before and after the Supplementary Food Recovery and differences in nutritional status of children after Supplementary Food Recovery and when they had not received Supplementary Food Recovery in the Simomulyo Community Health Center work area.Methods: This study was observational study using case-control design. A total of 38 toddlers with history of obtaining Supplemental Feeding Recovery (PMT) Program in the working area of Simomulyo Health Center were randomly selected. Nutritional status of toddlers is obtained using anthropometric methods of body weight and height / body length. Statistically tested using t-test paired with a significance level of <0.05.Results: After not getting Supplemental Feeding Recovery, it was found that 2.6% of children under five severely wasting, 34.2% wasting, and 63.2% had normal nutritional status. There was a decrease in the percentage of infants with normal nutritional status compared to after completing PMT Recovery program from 68.4% to 63.2%. There were no significant differences in nutritional status of children before and after the program (p=0.585). There was no difference between the nutritional status of children under five after the program and when they had not received the program (p=0.430)Conclusions: There was no difference in nutritional status of children (weight-for-height) before and after Supplemental Feeding Recovery Program.ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Upaya yang dilakukan dalam mengatasi kekurangan gizi pada kelompok usia balita adalah program Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) Pemulihan.Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk menganalisis adanya perbedaan pada status gizi balita berasarkan BB/TB sebelum dan setelah Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) Pemulihan serta perbedaan status gizi balita setelah PMT Pemulihan dan saat sudah tidak mendapat PMT Pemulihan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Simomulyo.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah peneitian observasional dengan desain penelitan cross sectional. Lokasi penelitian adalah di wilayah kerja Puskemas Simomulyo, Surabaya. Sebanyak 38 balita dengan riwayat mendapat PMT Pemulihan dipilih secara acak menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Status gizi balita didapat menggunakan metode antropometri berat badan dan tinggi/panjang badan. Indeks BB/TB digunakan dalam penilaian status gizi dengan alasan sasaran utama PMT Pemulihan adalah balita dengan status gizi kurus. Uji secara statistik dilakukan menggunakan uji t berpasangan dengan tingkat signifikansi <0,05.Hasil: Setelah 3 bulan mendapat PMT Pemulihan ada peningkatan persentase balita dengan status gizi normal dari 65,8% menjadi 68,4%. Setelah tidak mendapat PMT Pemulihan ada penurunan persentase balita dengan status gizi normal menjadi 63,2%. Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna status gizi balita berasarkan BB/TB sebelum dan setelah PMT Pemulihan (p=0,585). Tidak ada perbedaan pada status gizi dapat disebabkan oleh konsumsi PMT yang belum optimal. Begitu juga diketahui tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakana status gizi balita setelah PMT Pemulihan dan saat sudah tidak mendapat PMT Pemulihan (p=0,430).Kesimpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan pada status gizi balita dengan indeks antropometri BB/TB saat sebelum PMT Pemulihan dan setelah PMT Pemulihan.
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Chen, Xiu Long, Shuai Shuai Jia, Yu Deng, and Yong Sheng Zhao. "Research on Dynamic Behaviors for a Parallel Machine Tool Considering Elastic Component." Applied Mechanics and Materials 26-28 (June 2010): 512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.26-28.512.
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In order to obtain dynamic behaviors of a spatial rigid-flexible coupling system of PMT(parallel machine tool) without the construction of mathematical model, a new method for dynamic behaviors simulation, which integrates CAD, CAE and visual technologies, was presented. The solid model of PMT was built in SolidWorks and transmitted to ADAMS, the modal neutral file of flexible body including driving limbs and spherical joints were generated in ANSYS, and introduced into ADAMS, then the rigid-flexible coupling model of PMT was build. Based on the rigid-flexible coupling model, the dynamic behaviors, which includes displacements error output response, dynamic stress of driving limbs and natural frequency, were realized. The simulation results show that the rigid-flexible coupling model established can indicate the dynamic behaviors of PMT. The flexibility of driving limbs and spherical joints are demonstrated to have significant impact on dynamics characteristics of PMT. This research can provide the important theoretical base of the optimization design of dynamic parameters for PMT.
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G.A.KD Ratna Kusumasari, Wahyu Kristiningrum, and Luvi Dian Afriyani. "Efektivitas Pelatihan Pembuatan PMT Menu Lokal Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Ibu Dalam Memberikan Pmt Pada Balita Dengan Gizi Kurang Di Desa Leyangan." Journal of Holistics and Health Science 2, no. 2 (January 31, 2021): 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35473/jhhs.v2i2.50.
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The number of malnourished people in the world reaches 104 million children and the condition of malnutrition is still the cause of one third of all causes of child mortality in the world. This has not received attention so that it is required training for creating PMT with local menus to improve the knowledge and attitudes of mothers in giving PMT with local menus to malnustrihed toddles in order to improve the children nutritional status. This research aims to determine the effectiveness training of PMT making local menus on knowledge and attitude of mother in giving PMT to toddlers with malnutrition in Leyangan Village. The type of research quassy experiment with the design of one group pretest and posttest design. The sampling technive was proportuionate random sampling. The number of samples in this study were 20 respondents and the analysis used was univariate and bivariate analysis. From the result training the knowledge level after given training was on “good” level with 18 respondent (90%), “adequate” level with 2 respondent (20%). The attitude after given the training was 19 respondent (95%) with in “positif” catesony and 1 responden (5%) with in “negative” catesony. Based on the results of the research, the training in making local menu PMT is effective to increase the knowledge and attitudes of mothers in giving PMT to toddlers with malnutrition at Leyangan Village with p-value p-0,000.
ABSTRAK
Jumlah penderita gizi kurang di dunia mencapai 104 juta anak dan keadaan gizi kurang masih menjadi penyebab sepertiga kematian anak di seluruh dunia.Upaya penanganan masalah gizi kurang harus mendapatkan tatalaksana perawatan yang sesuai sehingga diperlukan pelatihan pembuatan PMT menu lokal untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu dalam memberikan PMT menu lokal pada balita gizi kurang agar meningkatkan status gizi balita yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pelatihan pembuaatan PMT menu lokal terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap ibu dalam memberikan pmt pada balita dengan gizi kurang di Desa Leyangan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quassy eksperiment dengan rancangan one group pretest dan posttest design. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan proportuionate random sampling. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 20 responden dan analisis menggunakan analisa univariat dan bivariat. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan tingkat pengetahuan sesudah diberikan pelatihan PMT menu lokal pada kategori baik sebanyak 18 responden (90,0%), kategori cukup sebanyak 2 responden (10,0%). Pada sikap responden sesudah diberikan pelatihan PMT menu lokal sikap ibu dengan kategori positif sebanyak 19 responden (95,0%) dan kategori sikap negatif sebanyak 1 responden (5,0%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa pelatihan pembuatan PMT menu lokal efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu dalam memberikan PMT pada balita dengan gizi kurang di Desa Leyangan dengan nilai p-value 0,000.
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Xiang, Yu-Yan, Song Li, and Yue Ma. "Effect of pile-up of electron flow pulse from photomultiplier tube on ranging by photon counting." Acta Physica Sinica 71, no. 21 (2022): 214206. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.71.20220537.
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Photomultiplier tube (PMT) features single photon level sensitivity, low dark count, and low afterpulse probability, and are widely used in photon-counting lidar in the visible spectrum. The PMT has no photon detection dead time, for every photon it responds to, it can output an electron flow pulse, these pulses of electron flow are likely to pile up into larger pulses. When using threshold identification method to identify photon-events, the stacked pulse will introduce additional pulse walking error, directly affecting the ranging precision of photon-counting ranging method in the practical application of laser ranging. Considering the influence of pulse pile-up, a new theoretical model of PMT photon detection is established to describe the influence of pulse pile-up on the detection probability of photon-events by analyzing the relationship between the detection time of photon and the identification time of the PMT final output photon-events. Through Monte Carlo simulation, the relationship among the ranging walking error, ranging accuracy, incident laser pulse width, PMT output electron flow pulse width and photon-events identification threshold is obtained. In order to verify the correctness of the theory, a PMT-based photon-counting lidar system is built. The comparative experiment with GM-APD proves that the influence of pulse pile-up on PMT photon-counting ranging method cannot be ignored, and that the experimental results are in good agreement with results from the theoretical model. The PMT photon detection model based on pulse pile-up can guide the design of PMT photon-counting radar and improve the ranging accuracy and precision of the ranging system.
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Puteri, Ratna Azizah, Arkhan Subari, and Dista Yoel Tadeus. "RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM RACK IN DAN RACK OUT PMT OTOMATIS DI KUBIKEL 20 KV BERBASIS ARDUINO MEGA 2560 MENGGUNAKAN VTSCADA 11.2." Gema Teknologi 20, no. 4 (April 30, 2020): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/gt.v20i4.29560.
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The 20 KV PMT (Circuit Breaker) is an important equipment for the reliability of electricity distribution. Therefore it must be maintained so that it is always in good condition with regular maintenance. Prior to maintenance, PMT is terminated from the bus bar, which is called the rack out process. After maintenance, the PMT is reconnected with the bus bar, which is called the rack in process. Usually, 20 KV PMT rack in and rack out process in maintenance or disturbance is still using the manual method. The 20 KV PMT can only be racked in and racked out in one way, by turning the lever. The lever will rotate the bolt as a PMT rail. In the manual method, there is no system for monitoring the condition of the bus bar whether it is has electric-voltage or not. There is also no remote control that can rack in and rack out. So officers must ensure the conditions of PMT and bus bars are safe manually, before maintenance is carried out. This is quite troublesome and dangerous for officers. From these problems, in this research designed a system that could ensure the condition of the PMT and the bus bar was safe before the rack in and rack out process was carried out and could monitor and control the system remotely using SCADA. Rack-in and rack-out automation system using VT SCADA, using Ethernet Shield that has been connected with Arduino Mega. Ethernet is connected to a mini PC. The microcontroller pins will be connected to the relays that will turn or stop the motor. The rack in and rack out commands from VT SCADA will determine the rotation of the motor so that the PMT moves. The current sensor reads the current flow and detects interference. Interference detection will automatically make PMT Rack out. System testing shows that the process of racking out in a state of maintenance or disturbance can be carried out automatically controlled by VT SCADA. Current sensor works to detect the current flowing, so that it can detect PMT interference and perform automatic rack out. The rack-in process is also capable of being remotely controlled with VT SCADA. This makes it easier for officers to also become additional reliability of PMT in the 20 KV cubicle.
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Han, Yineng, Pengfei Gao, Qiaolin Yang, Yiping Huang, Lingfei Jia, Yunfei Zheng, and Weiran Li. "Pasteurella multocida Toxin Aggravates Ligatured-Induced Periodontal Bone Loss and Inflammation via NOD-Like Receptor Protein 3 Inflammasome." Cellular Microbiology 2022 (October 4, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3305695.
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NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is reportedly involved in periodontal pathogenesis. Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT) is the major virulence factor of Pasteurella multocida strains, which belongs to the nonoral gram-negative facultative rods (GNFR). The existence of GNFR and their toxin may aggravate periodontitis. Therefore, it is important to unclose the regulatory mechanisms of PMT in periodontitis. However, the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome and PMT in periodontitis remain unclear. The results showed that NLRP3 expression was increased in periodontitis mice by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Nlrp3-/- mice showed less periodontal bone loss and lower abundances of Pasteurella multocida by 16S rRNA sequencing. PMT promoted NLRP3 expressions by activating nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of B cells (NF-κB) pathway and activated NLRP3 inflammasome. This effect was reversed by NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950. Furthermore, PMT aggravated periodontal bone loss and inflammation in WT mice, while MCC950 attenuated periodontal bone loss and inflammation. The Nlrp3-/- periodontitis models with PMT local injection showed less bone loss and inflammation compared with WT periodontitis mice after PMT treatment. Taken together, our results showed that PMT aggravates periodontal response to the ligature by promoting NLRP3 expression and activating NLRP3 inflammasome, suggesting that NLRP3 may be an effective target for the treatment of periodontitis caused by GNFR and MCC950 may be a potential drug against this disease.
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Dreesen, David R., and Robert W. Langhans. "Temperature Effects on Growth of Impatiens Plug Seedlings in Controlled Environments." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 117, no. 2 (March 1992): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.2.209.
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The objective of this study was to determine the dry weight, height, and leaf area growth responses of impatiens (Impatiens walerana Hook. f.) plug seedlings to air temperatures ranging from 18 to 29C. The conditions maintained in the controlled-environment growth rooms (CEGR) were ambient C02 levels, 24-h lighting, and photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) ranging from ≈215; to 335 μmol·m-2·s-1. Mean daily temperatures of the plug medium ranged from 19.6 to 27.7C. At the higher PPF level, shoot dry weight decreased at plug medium temperatures (PMT) > 25C; at lower PPF levels (<300 μmol·m-2·s-1), shoot dry weight continued to increase with PMT > 25C. The mean relative growth rate (MRGR) of shoot dry weight was positively correlated with PMT during the initial growth period (up to 14 days from sowing) and was negatively correlated thereafter. The maximum MRGR was predicted to occur at 11.7 days from sowing for a PMT of 19.6C, at 10.8 days for a PMT of 21.6C, and at 9.7 days for a PMT of 23.6C. Linear regression coefficients of shoot height as a function of PMT were substantially higher for seedlings grown at lower PPF than those for seedlings from the highest PPF level. Seedling leaf area consistently increased with increasing temperature. Net assimilation rate (NAR) decreased with increasing seedling age NAR increased with increasing PPF. A decrease in NAR was apparent at 29C relative to values at the lower temperatures. Leaf area ratio (LAR) declined with increasing seedling age and PPF; a quadratic relationship of LAR as a function of PMT indicates a minimum LAR at 22.5C. The seedlings grown at 29C were excessively tall, had thin succulent leaves, and were judged unacceptable for shipping and transplanting. Maximum quality indices (i.e., dry weight per height) were found at PMT of 24.3 to 25.OC for 10- to 14-day-old seedlings and at PMT of 23.0 to 24.OC for 16- to 20-day-old seedlings.
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Anugrahini, Yuanita Ayu, Mitra Mitra, Agus Alamsyah, Kiswanto Kiswanto, and Zulfayeni Zulfayeni. "Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Program PMT-P pada Balita Wasting." Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat 10, no. 01 (February 27, 2021): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33221/jikm.v10i01.807.
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Kementrian Kesehatan RI menetapkan Program Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Pemulihan (PMT-P) untuk mengatasi masalah gizi kurang pada balita. Masih rendahnya presentase balita yang naik status gizinya setelah mendapatkan makanan tambahan selama tahun 2019 menunjukkan adanya masalah dalam pelaksanaan program PMT-P di Puskesmas Sebangar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan PMT-P pada balita wasting di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sebangar berdasarkan komponen input, proses dan output. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan desain penelitian Rapid Assesment Procedur (RAP). Data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Informan adalah petugas gizi, kepala puskesmas, bidan desa, kader posyandu dan ibu balita wasting. Hasil menunjukkan petugas gizi kurang berpengalaman dalam tugasnya menjadi penanggung jawab program PMT-P balita di Puskesmas Sebangar. Rendahnya pemahaman petugas mengenai pedoman program PMT-P balita disebabkan sosialisasi oleh petugas gizi belum maksimal. Tempat penyimpanan makanan tambahan baik di puskesmas maupun di desa tidak memenuhi syarat. Pemantauan oleh petugas tidak dilaksanakan sesuai pedoman atau petunjuk teknis PMT-P balita wasting. Output yang dihasilkan masih rendah hanya 1 balita dari 5 balita sasaran yang status gizinya menjadi normal. Pelaksanaan program pemberian makanan tambahan pemulihan pada balita wasting di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sebangar tahun 2020 belum optimal karena masih ada beberapa komponen yang tidak sesuai pedoman Program PMT-P balita.
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Mou, Jian, Jason Cohen, Anol Bhattacherjee, and Jongki Kim. "A Test of Protection Motivation Theory in the Information Security Literature: A Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling Approach in Search Advertising." Journal of the Association for Information Systems 23, no. 1 (2022): 196–236. http://dx.doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00723.
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Information security is one of the important domains of information systems research today, with protection motivation theory (PMT) one of its most influential theoretical lenses. However, empirical findings based on PMT are often inconsistent and inconclusive. To reconcile these inconsistent findings, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the relationships among PMT constructs while also considering additional contextual constructs that are not specified in PMT. Ninety-two published studies were meta-analyzed and estimated using structural equation modeling. Our results provide support for three of the five predictors of security motivation intention, as postulated by PMT, mixed support for perceived vulnerability, and no support for response cost. We found that coping appraisal variables of response efficacy and self-efficacy have the largest average effects on security behavior. In addition, cultural attributes of collectivism and individualism moderated some of the pairwise correlations, PMT-theoretic relationships were generally stronger in personal contexts than in workplace contexts, and the intention-behavior relationship was strongest in workplace and compliance settings. Our results contribute to the information security literature by providing guidance for future PMT-related research and by demonstrating how meta-analysis and structural equation modeling can be combined to test theories in information systems research.
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Lee, Jeongmin, Hae-Eun Kang, and Hee-Jong Woo. "Protective Immunity Conferred by the C-Terminal Fragment of Recombinant Pasteurella multocida Toxin." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 19, no. 9 (July 25, 2012): 1526–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00238-12.
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ABSTRACTPasteurella multocidaserogroup D, producingP. multocidatoxin (PMT), is a causative pathogen of progressive atrophic rhinitis (PAR) in swine. To evaluate the protective immunity and vaccination efficacy of the truncated form of PMT, a C-terminal form of recombinant PMT (designated PMT2.3; amino acid residues 505 to 1285 of PMT) was expressed in anEscherichia coliexpression system, and the humoral and cellular immune responses to PMT2.3 were investigated. PMT2.3 vaccination in mice led to high levels of the anti-PMT antibody with a high neutralizing antibody titer. PMT2.3 also induced a cellular immune response to PMT, as demonstrated by the lymphocyte proliferation assay. Furthermore, strong protection against a homologous challenge withP. multocidawas also observed in mice vaccinated with PMT2.3. In PMT2.3 vaccination in swine, high levels of serum antibody titers were observed in offspring from sows vaccinated with PMT2.3. Offspring from sows vaccinated with PMT2.3 or toxoid showed a good growth performance as depicted by mean body weight at the time of sacrifice, as well as in average daily gain in the postweaning period. Low levels of pathological lesions in turbinate atrophy and pneumonia were also observed in these offspring. Therefore, we consider PMT2.3—in the truncated and nontoxic recombinant PMT form—to be an attractive candidate for a subunit vaccine against PAR induced byP. multocidainfection.
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Wang, Longlong, Zhenping Yin, Bing Zhao, Song Mao, Qinlang Zhang, Yang Yi, and Xuan Wang. "Performance of Wide Dynamic Photomultiplier Applied in a Low Blind Zone Lidar." Remote Sensing 15, no. 18 (September 7, 2023): 4404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15184404.
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Aerosol lidars play a vital role in the investigations of atmospheric pollution formation and meteorological processes. The intensity of lidar return signals in the near range changes much faster compared with the one in the far range, so extremely wide dynamic outputs from the photomultiplier tube (PMT) are needed to avoid saturation in the near range. Usually, to obtain the wide dynamic range, simultaneously, a transient digitizer (Licel) is applied to provide an analog detection chain for strong signals and a photon counting (PC) detection chain for weak signals. However, the near-range signals are still often saturated due to the very high aerosol loading. In this paper, we proposed to use a new PMT module with eight orders of magnitude for a low blind zone lidar, which can achieve both analog and PC separately. A comprehensive evaluation of this potential PMT, which could perform better in near-range detection, compared with the ordinary PMT was tested, but similar features are maintained in the far-range. The photon count rate and signal-to-noise ratio were tested for both the new PMT module and the ordinary PMT module. The results showed that the new PMT module is useful to extend the dynamic range of lidar detection.
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Basuki, Sesanti, and Sudarsono Sudarsono. "PENGELOMPOKKAN SEPULUH VARIETAS TEMBAKAU (Nicotiana tabacum) BERDASARKAN KERAGAMAN RUNUTAN BASA PARSIAL GEN PMT(PUTRESCINE N-METHYLTRANSFERASE) Clustering of ten tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) varieties based on the partial PMT (putrescine N-methyltranfera." Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri 23, no. 1 (November 7, 2017): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/littri.v23n1.2017.36-44.
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<p align="center">Abstrak</p><p>Gen <em>PMT</em> adalah gen penyandi enzim putresina N-metiltransferase (PMT) yang berperan dalam lintasan biosintesis nikotin pada tanaman tembakau (<em>Nicotiana tabacum</em>). Sepuluh varietas tembakau yang memiliki perbedaan tingkat kadar nikotin diuji untuk mempelajari: (1) keragaman runutan basa parsial gen <em>PMT</em> dari masing-masing varietas, dan (2) kekerabatan antara sepuluh varietas tembakau yang diuji berdasarkan keragaman runutan basa parsial gen <em>PMT</em>. Keragaman runutan basa dianalisis dengan mensejajarkan data runutan basa dari sepuluh varietas tembakau yang diuji dengan runutan basa dari <em>Ntpmt_Sindoro1</em> (JQ438825) yang telah tersimpan dalam <em>database</em><em> </em><em>genbank NCBI</em>. Hasil pensejajaran digunakan untuk menghitung matriks jarak, yang selanjutnya digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan kekerabatan diantara sepuluh varietas tembakau. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan adanya variasi ukuran dan jumlah runutan basaparsial gen <em>PMT</em> asal sepuluh varietas tembakau yang dianalisis. Hasil analisis juga memperlihatkan bahwa runutan basa parsial gen <em>PMT</em> tersebut berasal/diturunkan dari sumber (<em>ancestor</em>) yang sama dan terkait dengan biosintesis nikotin pada tembakau. Runutan basaparsial gen <em>PMT</em> dari sepuluh varietas yang dianalisis memisahkan antara kelompok tembakau introduksi (kadar nikotin rendah-sedang) dengan kelompok tembakau lokal (kadar nikotin sedang-tinggi). Dua kelompok memisah berdasarkan level kadar nikotin, danperbedaan/perubahan susunan basa pada situs-situs tertentu dari runutan basaparsial gen <em>PMT</em> yang dianalisis. Informasi tentang mutasi yang terjadi pada situs-situs runutan basa dari parsial gen <em>PMT</em><em> </em>dapat digunakan untuk mempelajari keterkaitan antara perubahan basa pada fragmen gen <em>PMT</em> dengan kandungan nikotin total tembakau yang terjadi selama proses evolusi.</p><p>Kata kunci: Analisis pengelompokkan, gen <em>PMT,</em>Nikotin, <em>Nicotiana tabacum</em></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p align="center">Abstract</p><p><strong> </strong><em>PMT</em> gene is the gene encoded putrescine N-methiltransferase which is related to nicotine biosinthesis in tobacco (<em>Nicotiana tabacum</em>). Ten tobacco varieties with different nicotine level were used inthis study. The aims of this study were: (1) to analyze thepartial <em>PMT</em> gene sequence diversity among ten tobacco varieties, and (2) to evaluate the closed-relationship amongten tobacco varieties based on their partial<em>PMT</em> gene sequences diversity.Sequence diversity was analyzed by multiple sequence alignment between the partial<em>PMT</em> gene sequence of the ten tobacco varietiesand <em>Ntpmt_Sindoro1 </em>sequence deposited in the NCBI gene-bank database.The phylogenetic relationship amongthe sequences was inferred by genetic distancebetween pairs of sequences using the pairwise and multiple sequence alignment analysis. Analysis of the sequences showed that all varieties analyzed had varied in size and number of the <em>PMT</em> gene fragments yielded. The analysis also revealed that thepartial<em>PMT</em> gene sequencesarecoming from the same ancestor which related to nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco. Phylogenetic analysis separated the partial<em>PMT</em> gene sequences into two different branches significantly (bootstrap value = 100), and clustered together based on tobacco types with different nicotine level in whichcould be due to some baseschanged on the specific sites of the<em>PMT</em> gene sequences. This information could be used to study the relationship between some bases changed on the specific sites of the<em>PMT</em> gene sequences and the nicotine content variation yielded by the ten tobacco varieties that is happened during evolution time.</p><p>Key words: Clustering analysis, <em>PMT</em> gene, nicotine, <em>Nicotiana tabacum</em></p>
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Haller, André, and Simon Kruschinski. "Politisches Microtargeting. Eine normative Analyse von datenbasierten Strategien gezielter Wähler_innenansprache." Communicatio Socialis 53, no. 4 (2020): 519–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0010-3497-2020-4-519.
Full textAbstract:
Parteien nutzen seit Beginn der 2000er Jahre zunehmend datengestützte Strategien der Wahlkampfkommunikation. Dabei greifen sie insbesondere auf politisches Microtargeting (PMT), die Identifikation und gezielte Ansprache einzelner Wähler_innen(gruppen) auf Basis von Daten, Technologien und Analysen, zurück. In der öffentlichen Diskussion steht PMT vor allem nach dem Cambridge-Analytica-Skandal stark in der Kritik. Dieser Aufsatz greift diese Debatte auf und leistet eine normative Diskussion von PMT im Lichte von demokratietheoretischen Konzepten. Es wird aufgezeigt, welche positiven und negativen Implikationen von PMT auf die Repräsentation, Partizipation und die deliberative Öffentlichkeit in Demokratien ausgehen können.
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Winantara, Bagus, and Budiyanto Husodo. "Evaluasi Tahanan Kontak Pemutus Tenaga Tegangan Tinggi Di Gardu Induk 150 KV Bandung Selatan Berdasarkan Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA)." Jurnal Teknologi Elektro 10, no. 2 (December 26, 2019): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/jte.v10i2.004.
Full textAbstract:
Keandalan suatu gardu induk didukung dengan kondisi dari peralatan-peralatan yang terdapat di gardu induk tersebut. Gardu Induk Bandung Selatan merupakan salah satu gardu induk yang menjadi objek vital nasional sebagai jalur backbone di daerah bandung raya. Gardu induk ini sering dihadapkan dengan anomali terhadap suatu perlatan, salah satunya pada peralatan pemutus tenaga tegangan tinggi yang dihadapkan dengan anomali berupa kenaikan nilai tahanan kontak yang signifikan pada kontaknya. Tentu saja perubahan nilai tahanan kontak yang signifikan ini perlu dievaluasi secara benar sehingga menghasilkan keputusan yang tepat dalam penanganan nilai asset.Untuk mendukung keandalan peralatan tersebut diperlukan sistem manajemen evaluasi terhadap kelayakan suatu peralatan dalam melakukan fungsinya dengan mengidentifikasi potensi penyebab kegagalan fungsi akibat kerusakan pada suatu peralatan dengan menggunakan metode FMEA. Metode ini bertujuan mengetahui penyebab dan kondisi suatu peralatan yang mengalami gangguan dalam hal ini perubahan nilai tahanan kontak yang signifikan yang dapat menyebabkan kegagalan fungsi pada peralatan tersebut. Metode ini untuk mendukung dalam pengambilan keputusan terhadap kondisi pmt akibat perubahan nilai tahanan kontak yang tinggi sehingga didapatkan prioritas penggantian peralatan. Dari hasil evaluasi 13 unit PMT yang terdapat di Gardu Induk Bandung Selatan didapatkan hasil bahwa, terdapat satu unit PMT bay cigereleng 1 yang memiliki nilai tahanan kontak yang sudah buruk sebesar 88,74,80 µΩ dikarenakan faktor operasi yang cukup tinggi (700 kali kerja) dan umur PMT yang sudah tua >20 tahun. Dan terdapat satu unit PMT bay IBT 1 sisi 150 kV yang memiliki nilai tahanan kontak yang masih cukup baik sebesar 66,63,62 µΩ dikarenakan perubahan nilai tahanan kontaknya disebabkan oleh faktor perubahan struktur penyangga mekanik PMT tersebut. Sedangkan 10 unit PMT lainnya memiliki nilai tahanan kontak yang masih dalam keadaan baik. Rekomendasi hasil dari evaluasi ini ialah perlu dilakukan penggantian PMT untuk bay cigereleng 1 dan dilakukannya perbaikan struktur penyangga mekanik pada PMT bay IBT 1 sisi 150 kV.