Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pluridisciplinary'
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Lepeintre, Aurélie Nizard Julien. "Apport d'une nouvelle filière pluridisciplinaire des lombalgies chroniques." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/MEDlepeintre.pdf.
Full textDesarnaulds, Victor. "De l'acoustique des églises en Suisse : une approche pluridisciplinaire /." Lausanne, 2002. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?display=detail&nr=2597.
Full textJacquet-Andrieu, Armelle. "Langage de l'Homme : de l'étude pluridisciplinaire à l'action transdisciplinaire." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00651907.
Full textRenier, Adeline. "Approche pluridisciplinaire de la Symbiose Methylobacterium nodulans / Crotalaria podocarpa." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00343650.
Full textValence, Arnaud. "Esquisse d'une dualité géométrico-algébrique pluridisciplinaire : la dualité d'Isbell." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3032/document.
Full textAfter exposing the importance of geometric-algebraic dualities in the history of mathematics, the thesis proposes to bring together many of them under an unified abstract approach, the Isbell duality. The Isbell duality is formally defined as an adjunction between a presheaf and a copresheaf, and allows to define a new paradigm of constructivity called P3. In mathematics, we show that this duality is present in algebraic geometry, derived algebraic geometry, algebraic topology and functional analysis. In contemporary logic, we show that Isbell duality can be made explicit in the geometry of interaction of Girard. We then show how applied sciences can make use of Isbell duality, allowing to significantly renew theories. In physical sciences, we show that it opens a perspective in quantum field theory, towards the dualization of Heisenberg and Schrödinger representations. In economic and social sciences, we show that it allows to renew the general equilibrium theory and the theory of value. In learning sciences, we show that it is possible to reconsider Dewey's theory of inquiry in terms of space-action duality, ultimately to reveal an Isbell duality. We conclude by opening a debate on the Bachelardian notion of epistemological obstacle, showing how P3 can have difficulties to establish itself as reference constructive paradigm, and by devoting some ontological developments to the Kantian and post-Hegelian nature of the thesis
Klarica, Stéphanie. "Etude pluridisciplinaire de deux aquifères du piémont pyrénéen (Béarn)." Pau, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PAUU3027.
Full textBonaccorsi, Thomas. "Modélisation pluridisciplinaire d'expériences d'irradiation dans un réacteur d'irradiation technologique." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2007AIX22051.pdf.
Full textA Material Testing Reactor (MTR) makes it possible to irradiate material samples under intense neutron and photonic fluxes. These experiments are carried out in experimental devices localised in the reactor core or in periphery (reflector). Available physics simulation tools only treat, most of the time, one physics field in a very precise way. Multiphysic simulations of irradiation experiments therefore require a sequential use of several calculation codes and data exchanges between these codes: this corresponds to problems coupling. In order to facilitate multiphysic simulations, this thesis sets up a data model based on data-processing objects, called Technological Entities. This data model is common to all of the physics fields. It permits defining the geometry of an irradiation device in a parametric way and to associate informations about materials to it. Numerical simulations are encapsulated into interfaces providing the ability to call specific functionalities with the same command ( to initialize data, to launch calculations, to post-treat, to get results,. . . ). Thus, once encapsulated, numerical simulations can be re-used for various studies. This data model is developed in a SALOME platform component. The first application case made it possible to perform neutronic simulations (OSIRIS reactor and RJH) coupled with fuel behavior simulations. In a next step, thermalhydraulics could also be taken into account. In addition to the improvement of the calculation accuracy due to the physical phenomena coupling, the time spent in the development phase of the simulation is largely reduced and the possibilities of uncertainty treatment are under consideration
Smadja, Éric. "Approche pluridisciplinaire du rire normal et des rires pathologiques." Amiens, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AMIEM111.
Full textBoudiaf, Naïla. "Effets du vieillissement normal sur la production lexicale : approche pluridisciplinaire." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAS029/document.
Full textNormal aging is associated with cognitive difficulties in many domains except for language, which is still under debate. However, older adults report difficulties in lexical production, which are also known to be associated with pathological aging, such as Alzheimer’s disease. This work aimed first to characterize the changes in the cognitive processes involved in lexical production using a behavioral approach, then to characterize the associated neurofunctional and vascular changes using fMRI. In the first study including 72 healthy participants, aged between 30 and 84 years, we showed a differential aging effect on lexical production and semantic processing. Naming was well preserved in terms of competences in normal aging; nevertheless, it was affected by the general cognitive slowdown. However, semantic processing was more affected by aging, probably due to inefficient executive control. The second study using fMRI confirmed these results and suggested the establishment of compensatory mechanisms to overcome cognitive difficulties. Finally, in the third study using vascular fMRI we described basal and functional cerebral perfusion modifications in normal aging as well as at early stages of pathological aging. We showed a strong relationship between the hemodynamical properties and the cognitive abilities. This multidisciplinary approach combining behavioral, neuropsychological, neurofunctional and cerebral perfusion imaging studies, provided a more complete picture of cerebral and cognitive changes in lexical production during normal aging
Margotteau, Olivier. "Evaluation pluridisciplinaire de la douleur des sujets âgés : étude prospective." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2M073.
Full textMecheri, Gabriel. "Contribution psycho-neuro-endocrinologique a l'etude pluridisciplinaire de l'autisme infantile." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1M417.
Full textLopez-Legentil, Susanna. "Etude pluridisciplinaire du genre cystodytes (Ascidiacea) : des molécules aux espèces." Perpignan, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PERP0651.
Full textThe colonial ascidian Cystodytes is widely distributed in both tropical and temperate waters. At least two chemotypes exist in the Mediterranean. The first presents the sulfur-containing pyridoacridines shermilamine B, kuanoniamine D, and their deacetylated forms, and was found in a purple morph. The second presents the C9-unsubstituted pyridoacridines ascididemin and 11-hydroxyascididemin, found in blue and green morphs. An ultra-structural study of the tunic revealed that the main cell types were bladder cells, pigment cells, amebocytes, phagocytes, and morula cells and that the sulfur-containing pyridoacridines were stored in the pigment cells. All crude extracts, as well as ascididemin, were toxic and significantly deterred fish but not sea urchin predation. In contrast, acidity by itself, and spicular shape and concentration did not deter feeding. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses pointed towards the existence of several species in the Mediterranean. In addition, both the reproductive and growth periods of the purple and blue morphs, although partially overlapping, showed significant temporal lags, reinforcing previous genetic and chemical results indicating that these morphs are distinct species. Moreover, the results showed that when the ascidian invested in reproduction, the energy allocated to other life cycle parameters, such as growth, chemical and physical defenses, was significantly reduced. The multidisciplinary approach used in this work provided an interesting case study through which to develop a better understanding of the biology, ecology and secondary chemistry of marine invertebrates
Maleval, Martine. "1968-1998, le cirque, émergence d'un particularisme : une approche pluridisciplinaire." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082608.
Full textThis thesis analyses the emergence of the nouveau cirque in France from 1968 to 1998, particulary from a historical, institutional and mainly aesthetic angle. After a historical survey of the Modern Circus an essentiel preliminary this study suggests an observation on the Théâtre de rue wich has been developing simultaneously ; then a reflection on the contribution of state authorities which allows a setting up of a pyramidal structure and supports various creative proceeding. The aesthetic analysis of nearly all such achievements excluding all attempt to systemization, brings to light the various artistic devices of nouveau cirque shows as well as locating of compagnies and signs which represent a style that shows particular interest in the blending of artistic forms such as theatre, danse, music, plastic arts and new technologies. The last part deals with the history of the clown figure considering how it was introduced in the circus ring and how he escaped from it
Abou, Hamdan Abbas. "Etude pluridisciplinaire d'une hydrogénase : mécanisme et optimisation des propriétés catalytiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4752.
Full textHydrogenases are metalloenzymes which catalyse the reversible conversion of dihydrogen into protons and electrons. In my work, I focused on some aspects of the catalytic mechanism of the heterodimeric NiFe hydrogenase from Desulfovibrio fructosovorans. We demonstrated that, contrary to the commonly accepted mechanism of aerobic inactivation, the attacking O2 is not incorporated as an active site ligand but rather acts as an electron acceptor. This finding calls for a re-examination of the mechanism for O2 tolerance of the natural O2 tolerant NiFe hydrogenases. We also described a simple analytical model that we used to analyse the complex voltammetric signals of 16 mutants obtained by substituting an amino acid near the active site. We demonstrated that this substitution can accelerate anaerobic inactivation and reactivation by up to three orders of magnitude. We also demonstrated and explained the correlation between these rates and O2-tolerance. We studied mutants whose H2-production activity is impaired. We found that the rate limiting step of this reaction is the diffusion of hydrogen out of the enzyme, through the hydrophobic channel. Finally, we focused on a threonine belonging to the putative proton transfer pathway. We demonstrated that this amino acid is indeed implicated in proton transport. It may also play a crucial role in the stabilization of intermediates formed during the catalytic cycle, and probably also in determining the rate of electron transfer and diffusion along the gas channel
Nombo-Tchitchiele, Jean Blaise. "L'Energie en tant que thème pluridisciplinaire pour l'éducation à l'environnement." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600049q.
Full textBoumahdi, Najih. "Approche pluridisciplinaire de l'étude de l'activité biologique de particules fines." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00419902.
Full textPour évaluer l'activité biologique des particules de SiC, des tests In Vitro sur des macrophages de culture (RAW 264.7) ont été réalisés en étudiant différents domaines de la réponse cellulaire (état d'inflammation, mort cellulaire, stress oxydant) en relation avec les propriétés physico-chimiques des particules (taille, surface, morphologie, structure cristallographique, chimie, état de surface, activité radicalaire).
Les résultats, illustrés suivant un modèle vecteur, soulignent que les particules industrielles de SiC sont principalement caractérisées par une activité modérée de l'état inflammatoire, aucun effet cytotoxique et un impact significatif sur le stress oxydant. Des différences en fonction de la taille des particules ont été observées ainsi qu'une forte capacité des particules à générer directement des radicaux libres (HO•, COO•-). Après modification de la surface des particules par traitement thermique oxydant, la réponse cellulaire se caractérise par une forte augmentation de l'état d'inflammation et de la cytotoxicité. Enfin, un stress oxydant significatif est observé avec les nanoparticules de SiC, bien supérieur à celui observé avec les particules industrielles de SiC.
Boumahdi, Najih. "Approche pluridisciplinaire de l'étude de l'activité biologique de particules fines." Phd thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2009. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00419902.
Full textDuring processes, powders undergo several operations and treatments during which many airborne SiC particles can be generated in the work environment and cause a risk by inhalation. Several powders have been studied (coarse, fine and nano). To evaluate SiC particles biological activity, In Vitro assays on macrophages have been performed by studying cellular response in relation to particles physicochemical properties. Results, presented according to a vector model, show that industrial SiC particles (coarse and fine) are mainly characterized by a moderated activity on inflammation, no cytotoxic effect, a strong impact on oxidative stress, and a high capacity to generate directly free radicals. After particle surface modifications by oxidising thermal treatment, cellular response is mainly characterized by an increase of inflammation and cytotoxicity levels in comparison with untreated particles. Withal, a significant impact on oxidative stress is observed with SiC nanoparticles
Montoto, Manent Guifré. "Anàlisi de la ideologia gihadista i mesures pluridisciplinars per a combatre-la." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/384726.
Full textThe present work carries out the historical, political and organizational analysis of jihadism as a global violent phenomenon and the reactions that it has caused, especially in the security area, to make proposals in the fight against jihadism from the intelligence field, as well as the political and legislative action, in order to contribute to the ideological defeat of the phenomenon. We divided the work into three areas of study: first, the birth and development of Islam, focusing on the figure of the Prophet Muhammad and the religious development after his death. The first caliphs, the break between Sunnis and Shiites, the configuration of dynastic imperial caliphates and the parallel development of the different internal branches, traditions and legislation fields, in the context of the continuing imperialist expansion carried out by Caliphate dynasties, the last of which was the Ottoman, until its decline in the face of western growth. We close the chapter with the birth of political Islamism and pan Arabism. In the second chapter we analyze the most influential works of the most reclaimed ideologists by jihadists themselves - recognized as such by prestigious specialists – and therefore carrying more weight in jihadist thinking. The analyzed authors correspond to different historical periods, but they have in common religious intolerance and the call for the use of violence, embodied in the jihad, either against those considered “bad rulers”, Muslims or against those who are perceived as a threat to real Islam. We study the works with major interest for our study from Ibn Taimiyya, Muhammad Ibn Abdul al-Wahabb, Sayid Abdul A’la Mawdudi, Sayyid Qutb and Abdulah Azzam, and their influence in the evolution of Islamic thinking, and the use of violence as something essential to protect the Muslim community. The third part is dedicated to the transformation of the strictly political Islamism to violence, to the experiences of these violent organizations, and the final transformation of the jihadism, mainly represented by Al-Qaeda, and shared today by other organizations like DAESH, and minor organizations in different places around the world. We situate them in his historical moment, providing a context for the social and political realities in the countries where they are developing, as in the actions of the western countries and the context of the cold war, often mainly colonial, and later pillars of dictatorial regimes, or noticed as direct attackers (Soviet invasion of Afganistan, U.S invasion of Iraq). The western reactions in front of the first expressions of jihadism, with the 11-S attack as the biggest expression of these, are scientifically studied too. Our study leads us to set some conclusions about the totalitarian nature of the jihadist phenomenon, and the need to confront it with pluridisciplinar measures in the academic analysis, and its translation in the field of Counter-Terrorist Intelligence, as like as legislative and social nature in the field of the political action.
Przytula, Machrouh Edith. "Information verbale et information graphiquepour la description d'itinéraires :une approche pluridisciplinaire." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00152544.
Full textverbales et les descriptions graphiques d'itinéraires. Il s'agissait de définir des caractéristiques et des
contraintes liées aux modes d'expression verbal et graphique. L'étude des modes d'expression a
concerné également les relations entre ces deux modes. L'objectif était de répondre à la question de
l'utilisation alternative ou conjointe de représentations graphiques et linguistiques pour la description
d'itinéraires. Enfin, il s'agissait de définir une représentation formelle constituant un niveau
intermédiaire qui permettrait de générer les éléments de base des deux types d'expression de la
description d'itinéraire.
Afin d'atteindre cet objectif, nous avons mené une série d'études expérimentales basées sur le
principe de traduction. Les participants de nos trois études devaient traduire une représentation sous la
forme d'une autre représentation possédant des propriétés structurales et fonctionnelles différentes.
Lors de l'exécution de la tâche, ils avaient à leur disposition uniquement la représentation à partir de
laquelle la traduction devait être effectuée. La méthode de traduction a permis de confirmer la
possibilité du passage d'un mode vers un autre. D'autre part, elle a permis de détecter, par
l'intermédiaire des erreurs et des différences relevées dans les représentations issues de la traduction,
l'existence des contraintes propres à chaque mode de représentation.
Ahmad, Obeid Adel. "L'islamisme en mutation : une étude pluridisciplinaire sur la mouvance islamiste Kurde." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0116.
Full textThe Islamist movement in Kurdistan of Iraq, a history of 58 years: it has gone through ail the classic stages of Islam. First, began with the Islamic international; then it went through the nationalization, finally reaching radicalization. Our thesis addresses this continuing transformation of the Islamist movement locally and nationally. We aim to explain, clarify and highlight the methods practiced by Islamists to justify their actions in the "here and now" diverse and varied
Nombo-Tchitchiele, Jean-Blaise. "L' énergie en tant que thème pluridisciplinaire pour l'éducation à l'environnement." Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA077129.
Full textCornuéjols, Martine. "La memoire semantique et ses modes d'acces (verbal, image) : approche pluridisciplinaire." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA112067.
Full textMiljanic, Bojana. "Théâtre pluridisciplinaire de Josef Nadj : histoire, esthétique et institutionnalisation en France." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA072.
Full textWhen we admire an artwork we do not necessarily consider the personal background of the artist and the material means that were required for the production of the artwork. However, every artistic creation is a result of fusion of these two conditions: who the artist is as a person and all the different networks of production and distribution of his work. This thesis is trying to explain, using the example of Josef Nadj’s career, how one’s artistic path can look. What was the historical context of the Josef Nadj’s native country during his life—and even before his birth— and how these circumstances influenced his growing up and later his artistic choices. What do his aesthetics look like and how does he create his pieces. Finally, which circumstances brought him to France and how did he join French cultural networks which later financed and distributed his work. The story of his background and professional career is even more interesting because it sheds light on an artist-immigrant who obtained his professional recognition in his adopted country—France
Matzkin, Daniel. "Perception de similarité de mélodies tonales et non tonales : étude pluridisciplinaire." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0125.
Full textDoes the musical expertise of listeners influence the way in which similarity is perceived? How can we rebuild a similarity judgement in terms of the subjacent mental processes? Are these processes specific to melody perception? Similarity perception obeys a basic ecological need: the adaptation of organisms to their environment. A review of the mental processes subjacent with the recognition and generalization of patterns suggests that the mental operations behind melodic similarity perception are not necessarily particular with the musical faculty. Certain peripheral and central activities of the brain can be modelled relatively correctly starting from a reductionistic approach. Various examples coming from very different cognitive faculties makes it possible to make assume that melodic similarity perception could be predicted by an additive model combining the processing of musical dimensions “height” and “duration”. This research provides data making possible to characterize some of the computations underlying melodic similarity perception (modularity, perception of the configurational properties, and musical expertise). Similarities between these processes and those of other mental faculties are underlined. Data shows a new relation between the perception of the melodic contour and duration, and conveys to reformulate the existing processing models. A computational model of melodic similarity perception is proposed. Its links with the of the Shepard law are underlined. However, significant limitations limit the degree of data generalization. It is due to the characteristics of the musical stimuli used, to the simplifying approach which was adopted, as well as with the type statistical analyses carried out
Glisse, Benoît. "Exploration scientifique par la conception collaborative de systèmes multi-agents." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066712.
Full textParmentier, Régis. "Neurones histaminergiques et cycle veille-sommeil : approche expérimentale pluridisciplinaire chez les rongeurs." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10110.
Full textDeramecourt, Vincent. "Intérêt de l'analyse pluridisciplinaire dans la compréhension des mécanismes physiopathologiques des démences." Lille 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00429256/fr/.
Full textOrgerie, Marie-Brigitte. "La décision médicale en cancérologie : Rôle de la Réunion de concertation pluridisciplinaire." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05A001.
Full textThe medical decision in cancerology is aimed to cure the patient or to increase the survival with fewer side effects. The multidisciplinary team answers to this challenge with association and coordination of treatments by the presence at the same time of different medical specialists to take medical decision as the Plan cancer (medical french policy) formalized this process. We evaluate the practise of this decisional process and the announce at the patient with staff observation and inquiry to concerned physicians and patients. This multidisciplinary team appears to be the place of medical competence, rationality, collegiality, and multidisciplinarity ; then this decision had to be adapted and formalized in the relationship between patient and physician. How this decisional process will change the physician's role and patient's place ? Evaluation of qualities and limits of the staff decision and the part of each time of this process of decision are points discussed
Rey, Frédéric Paul. "Le jonglage et les sciences : D’une étude pluridisciplinaire à une vision transdisciplinaire." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05L003.
Full textThe researches reported in this broadly conceived thesis focuses on the perception of juggling and jugglers by following etiological, hexeological and praxeological approaches belonging to the field of anthropomotricity. The first part of this research examines the biological-physical ambiguity of motor control when juggling a basic pattern to The second part focuses on jugglers habits, their identity being now restricted to object manipulators whereas they have their own logic of activity. The third part traces the historical roots of European juggling by exploring an expression attached to them, Enfant de la Balle becoming a metasymbolic identity. The thesis as a whole thus covers a broad range of topics and presents several results that are meaningful within disciplines as well as across the disciplines to which they refer and leads to a transdisiplinary vision of the relationship between man and his environment
Przytula, Machrouh Edith. "Information verbale et information graphique pour la description d'itinéraires : une approche pluridisciplinaire." Paris 5, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00152544.
Full textOur research work consisted in studying both types of description. The objective was to define the characteristics and constraints involved to the verbal and graphic models of expression and to answer the question of the alternative or joint use of graphic and linguistic representations for route descriptions. Finally, the objective was to define a model allowing a unified representation of route directions constituting a conceptual level. In order to reach this objective, we conducted three experimental studies. The participants had to translate a representation under another representation having different structural and functional properties. The method of translation allowed us to confirm the possibility of transfer from a mode towards the other one. On the other hand, it allowed us todetect, through theerrors and the differences observed in the representations obtained from the translation, the existence of the constraints for each mode of representation
Saki, Mohamed. "Le dit et le non-dit dans le discours reaganien : approche pluridisciplinaire." Brest, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BRES1007.
Full textThis thesis deals with the analysis of some of R. Reagan's speeches delivered during his first term as a president (1981-1984). It is carried out within the framework of t spacific discipline : discourse analysis. The latter has two main features : first it stresses the importance of language ; second it is pluridisciplinary. This means that the analyst may borrow some notions from other disciplines in order to explore the corpus. Political anthropology is one of the disciplines to which we have resorted and from which we have borrowed some concepts. One of the main contributions of political anthropology is its bringing to the fore the importance of rituals and symbolism in the political sphere as well as the role of the collective memory, the mythology and the imaginary of thecommunity to which the message is intended in the construction of the meaning of the speeches, and this is what we call the unsaid of the corpus. We undertake the analysis of the speeches in the second part of the thesis, applying the method developed in the first part. The corpus is composed of the inaugural speech, the three messages on the state of the union and the four the messages on the observance of independence day
Colomb, Laurent. "Le Roy Hart Theatre : contribution à une étude pluridisciplinaire de la voix." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081840.
Full textChiche, Joëlle. "Etude comparative de quatre espèces du genre Ribes selon une approche pluridisciplinaire." Saint-Etienne, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STET4004.
Full textThe genus Ribes remains slightly known and exploited despite a great potential. This study is a contribution to a better understanding of evolution of the genus and differenciation of species. Our study was carried out mainly on wild populations originated from the East of the Massif Central (France) and belonging to 4 species : R. Alpinum L, R. Uva-crispa L. , R. Rubrum L. Et R. Petraeum Wulf. . . [etc. ]
Cavalcanti, Ferreira di Araujo Tereza Cristina. "L'Equipe pluridisciplinaire en milieu hospitalier pédiatrique structure, mode de fonctionnement et vicissitudes /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612546r.
Full textJourdan, Sebastien. "Reconstitution de la morphogenèse Oligocène-Miocène des Alpes occidentales par une approche pluridisciplinaire." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00819728.
Full textMercier, Jonathan. "Structure et dynamique des prismes orogéniques : une approche pluridisciplinaire sur le cas Himalaya." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENU061/document.
Full textThis PhD focuses on the dynamics of orogenic wedges using the Himalayas as a case study. I used a multi-disciplinary approach combining numerical modeling, field mapping, structural and microstructural analysis, Ar-Ar thermochronology and metamorphic peak temperature estimation by RSCM (Raman Spectroscopy of Carbonaceous Material) to provide geometrical and timing constraints on the development and evolution of an upper-crustal scale nappe system.Numerical modeling provided the intuition on the parameters that control the current geometry of the belt. According to this study, I propose that along-strike variations observed along the Himalayan Belt are generated by two parallel mechanisms: 1) The asynchronous underthrusting of a crustal ramp beneath the Lesser Hiamalaya, responsible for the presence and displacement of the topographic transition observed along the belt; and 2) variations in the rheological contrast between the Tibetan Plateau and the colliding Indian continental crust, controlling the formation of klippes and the range width.The fieldwork campaign allowed us to bring new data on an area so far poorly documented: the far western Nepal. Field observations as well as analyses performed on samples collected during the field campaign led us to propose a new geological cross section for this area. The existence of the lesser Himalayan duplex, used so far to explain the structure of the belt in the Karnali River area (Western Nepal), is discussed as well as the geometry and tectonic significance of the Ragmarh thrust.In a parallel study, a numerical code has been developed in order to study the thermal behavior of a partially melted continental crust. This model, applied to the El Oro massif in Equator, led us to show the likely presence of crustal convection during partial melting for this area, in the Triassic. This study is similar to the one on the Himalayan orogenic wedge from a methodological point of view and brings new constraints on the formation and kinematics of continental plateau
Molaro, Christian. "Pour une approche pluridisciplinaire de la violence : quelle intervention face à la violence ?" Nancy 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN21010.
Full textComing up with a definition of aggressiveness, aggression, violence and the place of the latter in the far future, the purpose of this transversal analysis is to mark out the acting out scheme in a process that may concern the intervener and the psychopath as well. This study discloses our pedagogical approach we depict, as "space of devotion" or "empty structure" and takes its roots in a contentious practice. The questions put forward are related to: - the intervener’s own links between his strategies and relations to violence. - The violent subject along with the reasons of his act. - The effects of any physical practice together with the proper dynamism of violence mainly connected with catharsis
Albertini, Martine. "Les espaces sociaux des adolescents de la Guadeloupe : essai d'approche multidimensionnelle et pluridisciplinaire." Brest, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BRES1002.
Full textThe social spaces the adolescents in Guadeloupe evolve in are at the core of this study. It reveals all at once how complex theses spaces are, how diverse these island youths can be, and emphasizes the fracture lines which transform the society in Guadeloupe. Investigated through "ordinary" practices of "ordinary" teenagers, light was shed on these spaces thanks to several analysis tools. Questionnaires, mental schemes, pictures and interviews allow us to multiply the viewpoints on these youths' social spaces. So the process of territory can constructions be understood and the way they gain sense for the protagonists as well. Synthesized and shaped into "spatio-relational schemes", they show at once the diversity of the groups and the variery of the strategies and logics displayed to take hold of the space. Mobility, identity constructions, apprehensions of time and future, are some of the tracks along which these insular spaces are also deciphered. Semiotics and, more specifically, the theoretical frames delivered in Peirce's works and in Lakoff and Johnson's researches on metaphors, which will permit to understand more thoroughly these territories and the issue of conceding them signifiance. The metaphors extracted from the interviews led with the youths confirm the idea that the meanings attributed to these spaces results from a link which ties a subject with its environment, and founded on predominantly corporeal experiences. Thus, the metaphor collected enables us to seize some key elements structuring the view of the world held by the adolescents in Guadeloupe
Leschi, Claire. "Aspects fondamentaux et évolutifs de la reconnaissance de formes : Approche pluridisciplinaire : Notion d'approximation." Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0098.
Full textPattern Recognition raises the main issue: « How concepts emerge from sensitive data ? » That problem is central in the thoughts that make up this thesis, which is divides in two parts. The aims of the first one are to analyse the various approaches developed in Artificial Pattern Recognition (statistical, syntactical and structural models; knowledge based systems; neural networks) and to compare them to psychology and neurosciences studies (essentially through cognitivism and connexionism). It leads us to underline that Pattern Recognition preoccupations are now re centred on human activities to be imitated - because of bath the complexification of processes that have to be auto mated and a crucial lack of a unified automatic perception approach. It also allows as to emphasis the particular part taken by categorisation (classification) and to tackle similarity and prototype notions, exemplars and classes representation problem, and learning and recognition mechanisms analysis. In the second part, thoughts about similarity 'in classification are continued. We present and discuss various comparison tools - between exemplars and/or class -from two exemplars local closeness to class global characterization. Their mathematical support. Is shown to evolve from distance and metric space notions to more general neighbourhood and topological space notions, and finally to lead to an even poorer axiomatic for which pre-topology is a potential reference. The second part permits us to propose a concept to represent the Whole Of the measure implements : the "approximation" idea
Cavalcanti, Ferreira di Araujo Tereza Cristina. "L' Équipe pluridisciplinaire en milieu hospitalier pédiatrique : structure, mode de fonctionnement et vicissitudes." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100133.
Full textThis thesis aims to underline the main stakes connected to the realization of a work in a pluridisciplinary team in pediatric wards. To achieve this, in the first part, the author has a review of the notions of pluridisciplinary, interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary. Two studies on multidisciplinary research teams are examined. An analysis of the evolution of the health concept will be followed by a census on litterature concerning the necessity of a health pluriprofessional group work and its practise in psychiatric, general and pediatric wards. To finish this subject, the works considering directly the stakes of a pluriprofessional health team, will be presented. The second part of this thesis is devoted to the practical research. Observations were led during the synthesis meetings in four parisian wards : -unity of pediatric hemodialisis, unity of bone marrow transplant, ward of general pediatric and ward of infantile cardiology. What was said between all the present professionnals, is analysed with a quantitative and qualitative approach. The author concludes to the sporadic aspect of the work in a pluridisciplinary team in a pediatric ward in the sample hereby studied. (431 ref. )
Couic, Marie-Christine. "La dimension intersensorielle dans la pratique de l'espace urbain : une approche methodologique pluridisciplinaire." Nantes, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NANT2009.
Full textMuja, Cristina. "Étude anthropologique d'une population médiévale de Transylvanie : approche pluridisciplinaire : ostéologique, moléculaire et élémentaire." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1914/.
Full textAlthough several historical studies addressed various aspects of life of western colonists after their arrival in Transylvania, few studies have used skeletal data to investigate the life of these individuals. The aim of the present study was to bring some insight into the life of the German settlers that lived in Feldioara (Romania) during the 12th - 13th centuries. Therefore, the skeletal remains of 144 individuals were analyzed with methods from biological anthropology, elemental chemistry and biochemistry. A second objective of the study was to evaluate the potential of the XRF technique in the chemical characterization of archaeological bone and tooth samples. The osteological study of the skeletal remains brought information regarding the general demographic characteristics, the health status and the sex differences in general levels of activity. The examination of non-specific stress indicators showed that the systemic stress was relatively common in this medieval population. In the same time, trauma patterns showed that inter-personal violence was uncommon as the individuals were mainly exposed to the risk of trauma caused by accidents. The evaluation of the quality of archaeological bone and tooth samples is an essential step prior to any attempts to use the results of chemical analyses in the study of migration or the paleodiet of past human populations. The assessment of the integrity of the organic phase of bone samples suggested that the samples were affected by diagenetic changes. In the same time, the elemental data showed that the dental tissues and especially the dental enamel are better preserved than bone samples and therefore appeared to be a more reliable source of information in paleodietary investigations. The elemental data obtained by XRF technique were also used to address two distinct issues regarding the paleodiet of Feldioara medieval population - the breastfeeding duration and the dietary conditions during early childhood and adulthood. The distribution of Sr/Ca ratio along the dental enamel of four first definitive molars showed that the duration of breastfeeding was approximately 2 years and highlighted the potential of enamel Sr/Ca ratio in the reconstruction of dietary shifts that took place in the early life of the individuals. In the assessment of the dietary habits, the elemental analysis of dental and bone samples from Feldioara skeletal collection showed that the intrapopulational variability in the dietary conditions was small, both during childhood and adulthood. XRF technique proved to be a useful tool for the elemental characterization of archaeological bone and dental samples
Suleiman, Gabryel Nasser. "Repenser l'Islam libéral européen : sociologie historique d'une philosophie politique ; esquisse d'une islamologie pluridisciplinaire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32105.
Full textThe present study has as an aim the question of European liberal Islam. The subject can at first sight appear incongruous for some as well is installed in the public the idea as “Islam” and “liberalism” are two entities not only paradoxical but also of the oxymores ontologically opposed in term not only philosophical but so political. it is true that the subject appears with first extremely complex access to untie so much the profusion of the readings (often) contradictory covered the question with a successive layer with about interpretation.For what relates to me, I acknowledge a certain apprehension in front of a “subject-object”, which all the least can attach you in a permanent way, with a category “Islam” by doing my work one umpteenth vision pro domo, either of integration or multiculturalism. It is trying and paying to reduce any intellectual questioning to subjective concern, soteriologic or political, the risk being inevitable so much the studied problems carts presupposed, the aprioris and interpretations. Failing to locate me in the camp of the heroes of objectivity, I will like to clarify my objective prospects. They are indeed put at the service of an inevitably subjective step but which I hope for most honest intellectually possible. Stakes of research and stakes intellectual being often inextricably dependent. So it is necessary to start from our concern: how to think a “thought of liberal Islam”? Which in east are cultural, epistemological and intellectual interest?
Serrat, Julià Miquel Àngel. "Estudio pluridisciplinar del absentismo laboral como consecuencia de riesgos y entornos empresariales física y psicológicamente nocivos." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284056.
Full textBaixeras, Borrell Ricardo. "Análisis pluridisciplinar de Tres Tristes Tigres para el estudio de la poética de Guillermo Cabrera Infante." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7434.
Full textSe propone una lectura gráfica y escenográfica de Tres tristes tigres, que es leída aquí como si de un espectáculo se tratara. Se explica a qué se refiere cuando se habla de Tres tristes tigres como escena, es decir, como espacio textual y como espacio hablado. La oralidad y la escritura a la que se hace referencia en este estudio son comprendidas en términos de una articulación de registros. Se trata de un entrecruzamiento de distintas formas de representación, donde el discurso, asociado a un locus de enunciación específico, se diluye en el proceso de articulación de lenguajes. Decir que la oralidad es una forma de representación supone aceptar que las diferentes tramas, personajes y temas se constituyen gracias a distintas (per)versiones, es decir, a un constante e ilimitado proceso de redefinición, de reescritura y de repetición que es otro de los hallazgos que esta tesis pretende mostrar.
The thesis " Multidisciplinary Analysis of Three Trapped Tigers to study the poetry of Guillermo Cabrera Infante " offers an initial overview from which to pinpoint the complexity of the creative writing of Cabrera Infante, including the entire existing bibliography on this novel.
A graphic and descriptic reading of Three Trapped Tigers is set out, read here as if it where a play. It is explained what is meant when Three Trapped Tigers is referred to like a scene, or to say, like textual space and spoken space. The orality and literacy referred to in this section becomes understood in terms of a articulation of registers. One is a crossing between different forms of representation, where the speech, associated to a locus of specific enunciation, is diluted in the process of articulation of languages. To say that the orality in Three Trapped Tigers is a form of representation supposes to accept that the different plots, characters and subjects constitute themselves because of different (per)versions, or to say, to a constant and limitless process of redefinition, of rewriting and repetition that is another one of the findings that this thesis tries to show.
Song, Heon. "Modélisation de l'activité créative pluridisciplinaire en conception architecturale centrée utilisateur : application à l'habitat d'urgence." Phd thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers - ENSAM, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00567238.
Full textZykwinska, Agata. "Étude pluridisciplinaire des interactions pectines/cellulose : vers un nouveau modèle de paroi primaire végétale." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT2050.
Full textIn vitro and in muro approaches were developed in order to study the interactions between two major polysaccharides of Dicotyledonous primary cell walls, cellulose and pectins. Artificial “composites” were created by in vitro assembly of pectins or isolated pectic domains with cellulose. The in vitro approach via adsorption isotherms showed that pectins rich in neutral sugar side chains are able to bind to cellulose. Electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction methods confirmed that only arabinan and galactan side chains are able to interact with cellulose. In order to extend the in vitro approach, the isolation of pectins/cellulose “natural” composites from sugar beet and potato cell walls was performed. The structure of the “artificial” and “natural” pectins/cellulose composites was investigated using an enzymatic and chemical degradation approach
Bonnieux, Sébastien. "Flotteur pour la surveillance pluridisciplinaire de l’environnement marin. De l’expertise métier aux codes embarqués." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ4072.
Full textAs part of an ERC (European Research Council) project conducted at Geoazur from 2009 to 2015 by Guust Nolet, an autonomous profiler float equipped with a hydrophone and able to carry up to 8 sensors has been developed. It aims to acquire data in oceanic areas, poorly covered by current instrumentation. However, these data are necessary to carry out studies in various scientific fields, for example, to study the internal structure of the earth in geosciences (via the recording of seismic waves propagating inside the earth), the thermal balance of oceans in climatology, or the distribution of marine mammals in the oceans in biology. Most data must be processed before being transmitted by satellite because of the very limited transmission bandwidth. Data processing applications are usually developed by embedded systems specialists who have a good knowledge of the characteristics specific to the instrument. However, the need to involve these specialists greatly limits the flexibility, or even the ability of scientists to adapt the applications to their needs.In order to enable scientists to write applications for the instrument, we have created the MeLa (Mermaid Language) programming language, specifically designed for the Mermaid float. The language makes it possible to hide embedded systems specific aspects. It is based on computer models that allow computing the resources usage of the instrument (i.e., processor, power, satellite transmission) in order to ensure that the instrument limits are not exceeded. Models are also used to compose (i.e., combine) several applications to be installed on the same instrument and to ensure that they are compatible. Finally, models are used to generate reliable and efficient code (i.e., without bugs and efficient), on the one hand, to simulate applications on a personal computer and verify their behavior, and, on the other hand, to generate the embedded code used to program the instruments.This thesis is organized into four chapters. In the first chapter, we start by presenting the scientific and social issues involved in the acquisition of data in the oceans, then we introduce the Mermaid float and how it can respond to these issues and end by presenting different programming approaches for this type of instrument. The second chapter corresponds to an article published in the OCEANS 2019 conference proceedings. It shows the technical aspects of the MeLa language and in particular how we use models and how the approach is validated on an Arduino development board. The third chapter corresponds to an article published in the Sensors journal and is more focused on the use of language, a development method is proposed, and two applications are developed for the detection of earthquakes and the detection of blue whales. In the final chapter, we summarize the conclusions and offer a perspective of future developments
Chopard, Aurélie. "Évaluation environnementale et géométallurgique de minerais sulfurés polymétalliques, basée sur une approche minéralogique pluridisciplinaire." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0305/document.
Full textThis thesis proposes the implementation of a reliable methodology, based on the characterization of ores at the exploration stage. The main environmental issues for the mining industry are acid mine drainage and contaminated neutral drainage. Sulfides and sulfosalts, when in contact with water and oxygen, oxidize at different rates, resulting in the production of acid and release of various contaminants. Samples of pure sulfides were submitted to geochemical testing to determine their oxidation rates. The pure minerals can be ordered from the highest to the lowest reactivity as: gersdorffite > pyrrhotite > arsenopyrite > Ni-pyrite > Ni-pyrrhotite > Fe-sphalerite > pyrite > galena > chalcopyrite. Galvanic interactions between pyrite, chalcopyrite, and sphalerite were geochemically investigated. Pyrite was galvanically protected in presence of chalcopyrite, and partially protected in presence of sphalerite. Five synthetic tailings, simulating realistic tailings sulfides compositions, were prepared to compare geochemical behaviors and produce a better assessment of the acid-generation potential (AP). A new method is proposed by adding a kinetic factor. Ten polymetallic and gold sulfide ores were fully characterized with multidisciplinary techniques. Mineralogical investigations allowed for the mineralogical quantification of the ores, and for the knowledge of trace elements and their speciation. A method was developed to automatically quantify sulfides by multispectral optical microscopy. Detailed mineralogical work can save time and money and allows detecting the problems at the beginning of mining developments, improving mine waste management and mine closure planning
CHAZALETTE, FREVILLE ISABELLE. "Femmes victimes de violences intra-familiales : une prise en charge pluridisciplinaire pour un probleme complexe." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1M113.
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