Relevant bibliographies by topics / Plural Scattering

Academic literature on the topic 'Plural Scattering'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Plural Scattering"

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Kawrakow, I. "Electron transport: multiple and plural elastic scattering." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 108, no. 1-2 (January 1996): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(95)01046-7.

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Su, D. S., H. F. Wang, and E. Zeitler. "The influence of plural scattering on EELS elemental analysis." Ultramicroscopy 59, no. 1-4 (July 1995): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(95)00027-x.

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Egerton, R. F., and S. C. Cheng. "Elemental analysis of telatively thick specimens by EELS." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (August 1992): 1248–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100130870.

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Core-loss spectra of thicker specimens are strongly influenced by plural scattering. Plural inelastic events increase the background Ib underneath an ionization edge by an amount dependent on t/λ, t being the specimen thickness and λ the total-inelastic mean free path. However, plural scattering also contributes to the integral core-loss signal Ic. In fact, if the latter were integrated over a sufficiently large energy window Δ, the signal/background ratio (SBR=IC/Ib) might be expected to be independent of t.Figure 1 shows K-edge signal/background ratios for elemental carbon and silicon, presented as measured data points (for a collection semi-angle of l0mrad, 120keV incident energy and Δ=100eV) and as solid curves calculated by convolving a power-law edge profile with a delta-function approximation of the low-loss region. For silicon, SBR falls off more slowly with increasing t/λ, as expected from its higher edge energy. This trend is confirmed by measurements on amorphous silicon dioxide depicted in Fig.2, which shows the signal/background ratios of the oxygen and silicon K-edges as a function of thickness.
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Giangrandi, S., K. Arstila, B. Brijs, T. Sajavaara, A. Vantomme, and W. Vandervorst. "Considerations about multiple and plural scattering in heavy-ion low-energy ERDA." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 267, no. 11 (June 2009): 1936–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2009.03.105.

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Arstila, K., T. Sajavaara, and J. Keinonen. "Monte Carlo simulation of multiple and plural scattering in elastic recoil detection." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 174, no. 1-2 (March 2001): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-583x(00)00435-3.

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Bielajew, Alex F. "Plural and multiple small-angle scattering from a screened Rutherford cross section." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 86, no. 3-4 (April 1994): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(94)95288-4.

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Bauer, P., E. Steinbauer, and J. P. Biersack. "The width of an RBS spectrum: influence of plural and multiple scattering." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 64, no. 1-4 (February 1992): 711–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(92)95563-7.

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FUJIHARA, Kento, Yusaku EMOTO, Hiroshi ITO, Naomi KANEKO, Hideyuki KANEKO, Hideyuki KAWAI, Atsushi KOBAYASHI, and Takahiro MIZUNO. "Evaluation of Position Resolution for a Prototype Whole-Body PET Detector Based on Suppressing Backgrounds by Compton Scattering." EPJ Web of Conferences 170 (2018): 09004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817009004.

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Existing PET (Positron Emission Tomography) systems make clear images in demonstration (measuring small PET reagent in pure water), however images in real diagnosis become unclear. The authors suspected that this problem was caused by Compton scattering in a detector. When PET systems observe plural photomultiplier tube outputs, an original emission point is regarded as centroid of the outputs. However, even if plural emission in Compton scattering occur, these systems calculate original point in the same way as single emission. Therefore, the authors considered that rejecting Compton scattering events makes PET systems much better, and made prototype counter. Main components of the prototype counter are plate-like high-growth-rate (HGR) La-GPS scintillators and wavelength shifting fibers (WLSF). HGR crystals grow 10 times as fast as a mono-crystal (a normal mono-crystal grows at 2 – 3 mm an hour). Thus, it includes microbubble and its transparency get worth. Consequently, HGR crystals usually are not used in radiation measuring instruments. However, this time they are used on the purpose. Because of their low transparency, scintillation lights come out right above and right under of emission position. Therefore, Compton scattering events is rejected easily. The prototype detector has an effective area of 300 by 300 square mm. The detector consists of 24 layers. One layer consists of HGR La-GPS scintillator of 1 mm thickness. Top and bottom surface of scintillator were covered by dual sheets of WLSF with a diameter of 0.2 mm. Sheets of WLSF on top and bottom of the scintillator make a right angle with each other, and measure X- and Y-components. Z-component is measured by difference of WLSF outputs between top and bottom. If plural layers output signals, this counter regards the event as Compton scattering event, and reject the event. Even if only a layer output signals, the event is rejected when number output signals from WLSF is more than 1.5 times of single emission. Material cost of this system is, 0.2M$ for HGR La-GPS, 0.03M$ for WLSF, 0.03M$ for 600 units of 6 by 6 mm SiPM's, 0.12M$ for 12000 units of 1 by 1 mm SiPM's, and 0.09M$ for 1800 channel of signal readout circuits. Considering total cost, price of this PET will be set 1M$ or less. This idea was confirmed with numerical simulation and experimentation. In experimentation, position resolution in photoelectric absorption was 0.2 mm, and minimum distance that this detector could recognize plural emission in Compton scattering was 1 mm. In parallel, three kinds of model were made: a prototype detector, all the signals readout method, and resistance delay method. Simulation setting was 2 MBq/L in normal tissue and 10 MBq/L in cancer. As a result of simulation, a prototype detector identified 3 mm cancer, however the others made unclear image and was not able to identified cancer. That is to say, the prototype detector is able to reject Compton scattering events and inexpensive. Therefore, whole-body PET system with this detector must diagnose cancer with a diameter of 3 mm or more and be priced 1M$ or less
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Luo, Suichu, and David C. Joy. "A new method for quantitative analysis of EELS." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 52 (1994): 950–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100172486.

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Techniques to remove plural scattering from electron energy loss spectra (EELS) are important in bot hmicroanalysis and other quantitative applications of electron spectroscopy. The techniques used are either based on convolution, or Fourier transform deconvolution, methods, in which either the elastic scattering angular correction or both elastic and inelastic angular corrections are not included. In this work we propose a new method based on both angular and energy loss three-dimension Poisson statistics which includes elastic and inelastic mixed angular scattering correction in order to obtain more accurate quantitative analysis for EELS.The electron scattering distribution determined by angular and energy loss three-dimension Poissonstatistics is given by:where IT is the total incident electron intensity; t is the sample thickness; λi, λe and λT are inelastic , elastic and total scattering mean free paths; Si (θ) and Se(θ) are normalized single inelastic and elastic angular scattering distributions respectively, F(E) is the single scattering normalized energy loss distribution.
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Narayan, Raman D., J. K. Weiss, and Peter Rez. "Highly Automated Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy Elemental Quantification." Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, no. 3 (April 10, 2014): 798–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927614000567.

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AbstractA model-based fitting algorithm for electron energy-loss spectroscopy spectra is introduced, along with an intuitive user-interface. As with Verbeeck & Van Aert, the measured spectrum, rather than the single scattering distribution, is fit over a wide range. An approximation is developed that allows for accurate modeling while maintaining linearity in the parameters that represent elemental composition. Also, a method is given for generating a model for the low-loss background that incorporates plural scattering. Operation of the user-interface is described to demonstrate the ease of use that allows even nonexpert users to quickly obtain elemental analysis results.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Plural Scattering"

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Franich, Rick, and rick franich@rmit edu au. "Monte Carlo Simulation of Large Angle Scattering Effects in Heavy Ion Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis and Ion Transmission Through Nanoapertures." RMIT University. Applied Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080212.121837.

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Heavy Ion Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis (HIERDA) is a versatile Ion Beam Analysis technique well suited to multi-elemental depth profiling of thin layered structures and near-surface regions of materials. An existing limitation is the inability to accurately account for the pronounced broadening and tailing effects of multiple scattering typically seen in HIERDA spectra. This thesis investigates the role of multiple large angle scattering in heavy ion applications such as HIERDA, and seeks to quantify its contribution to experimental output. This is achieved primarily by the development of a computer simulation capable of predicting these contributions and using it to classify and quantify the interactions that cause them. Monte Carlo ion transport simulation is used to generate simulated HIERDA spectra and the results are compared to experimental data acquired using the Time of Flight HIERDA facility at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisat ion. A Monte Carlo simulation code was adapted to the simulation of HIERDA spectra with considerable attention on improving the modelling efficiency to reduce processing time. Efficiency enhancements have achieved simulation time reductions of two to three orders of magnitude. The simulation is shown to satisfactorily reproduce the complex shape of HIERDA spectra. Some limitations are identified in the ability to accurately predict peak widths and the absolute magnitude of low energy tailing in some cases. The code is used to identify the plural scattering contribution to the spectral features under investigation, and the complexity of plurally scattered ion and recoil paths is demonstrated. The program is also shown to be useful in the interpretation of overlapped energy spectra of elements of similar mass whose signals cannot be reliably separated experimentally. The effect of large angle scattering on the transmission of heavy ions through a nano-scale aperture mask, used to collimate an ion beam to a very small beam spot, is modelled using a version of the program adapted to handle the more complex geometry of the aperture mask. The effectiveness of nano-aperture collimation was studied for a variety of ion-energy combinations. Intensity, energy, and angular distributions of transmitted ions were calculated to quantify the degree to which scattering within the mask limits the spatial resolution achievable. The simulation successfully predicted the effect of misaligning the aperture and the beam, and the result has subsequently been observed experimentally. Transmitted ion distributions showed that the higher energy heavier ions studied are more effectively collimated than are lower energy lighter ions. However, there is still a significant probability of transmission of heavy ions with substantial residual energy beyond the perimeter of the aperture. For the intended application, ion beam lithography, these ions are likely to be problematic. The results indicate that medium energy He ions are the more attractive option, as the residual energy of scattered transmitted ions can be more readily managed by customising the etching process. Continuing research by experimentalists working in this area is proceeding in this direction as a result of the conclusions from this work.
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Poffo, Denis Alexander. "Aplicaciones no convencionales del RMA0: detección, caracterización y seguimiento de plumas volcánicas." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11086/5547.

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Tesis (Magister en Sistemas de Radar e Instrumentación)--Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía, Física y Computación, 2017.
Maestría conjunta con el Instituto Universitario Aeronáutico
En este trabajo se presenta un estudio detallado de la pluma volcánica generada durante la doble erupción del volcán Calbuco los días 22 y 23 de abril del año 2015. Dicha investigación, se realizó con el Radar Meteorológico Argentino Prototipo (RMA0) ubicado en la localidad de Bariloche a unos 120 km en dirección este respecto del volcán. La técnica de estudio y de caracterización de la pluma volcánica se desarrollo utilizando las variables polarimétricas que posee el radar meteorológico RMA0. Este estudio permitió el desarrollo de una nueva técnica para obtener la concentración de ceniza que compone la pluma volcánica dentro del radio de cobertura del radar. Los resultados alcanzados manifiestan que el radar tiene la suficiente sensibilidad para observar fenómenos de esta naturaleza brindando información sobre características dieléctricas y morfológicas que poseen las partículas de ceniza. Sumado a esto, y mediante la distribución espacial de la nube de ceniza se pudo determinar la altura máxima alcanzada por la pluma durante ambas erupciones, lo que permitió estimar la cantidad de material arrojado a la atmósfera.
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Conference papers on the topic "Plural Scattering"

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Johnston, P. N., I. F. Bubb, M. El Bouanani, D. D. Cohen, and N. Dytlewski. "The effects of multiple and plural scattering on Heavy Ion Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis." In The fifteenth international conference on the application of accelerators in research and industry. AIP, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.59182.

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Akabane, Hideo. "Fluctuation of the Electron Scattering Probability in One-dimensional Atomic Chain Having Plural Degree of Freedom." In NOISE AND FLUCTUATIONS: 18th International Conference on Noise and Fluctuations - ICNF 2005. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2036868.

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Reports on the topic "Plural Scattering"

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Devaney, J. J. Electron multiple, plural, and single scattering. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5817305.

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