Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'PLC Siemens'

Automationscenter & Bråvalla Elteknik AB offers complete turnkey solutions to the market where the customer can operate and monitor their production from operator panels. This total solution lacks today type circuits in Siemens PLC controls for operating, control and monitoring of process-driven objects. The report begins with a description of the company. Then the purpose of the examination work is described, and the specifications as the basic for our work. After that it presents how the work began with a feasibility study of software programs for Mitsubishi PLCs. The report then continues with how the programs for Siemens PLC system works and which components that were used. The result was a documentation of the conversion of four type circuits, and the development of two brand new type circuits. These type circuits have also an operator interface for each type circuits. Software code is available to all type circuits in the report as an appendix. The programming for each piece is commented to make it easier to understand. Even the operator images to each type circuit are attached as an appendix.
Automationscenter & Bråvalla Elteknik AB erbjuder marknaden färdiga totallösningar där kunden kan manövrera och övervaka sin produktion från operatörspaneler. I denna totallösning saknar företaget idag ”typkretsar” för Siemens PL C- system för manöver, kontroll och övervakning av styrda processobjekt. Rapporten inleds med en beskrivning av företaget. Sedan beskrivs syftet med examensarbetet, samt den kravspecifikation som legat till grund för arbetet. Efter detta redogörs hur arbetet började med en förstudie i mjukvaruprogrammen för Mitsubishi PLC- system. Rapporten fortsätter sedan med hur programmen till Siemens PLC- system fungerar samt vilka komponenter som användes. Resultatet blev en dokumentation av konverteringen av fyra typkretsar, samt framtagning till två helt nya typkretsar. Till dessa typkretsar gjordes även ett operatörsgränssnitt. Programkoden till alla typkretsar finns med i rapporten som en bilaga, där varje programmeringsstycke är kommenterat för att det ska bli lättare att förstå. Även operatörsbilderna till varje typkrets finns som bilaga där de förklaras hur de fungerar.

Detta arbete behandlar hur ett Siemens PLC system konstrueras och programmeras för att automatisera rengöringen av textilslangar vid rökgasrening. Det gjordes genom att undersöka kravsammanställning och utforma systemet därefter. För systemet togs kopplingsscheman fram, programmering av virtuell PLC och HMI gjordes. Systemet simulerades sedan med framgång. Alla funktioner har inte utvecklats men de viktigaste kraven är uppfyllda. Detta ledde till slutsatsen att det är möjligt att göra ett Siemens baserat PLC system för automatisering av rökgasrening.

Presentation via ZOOM

Detta examensarbete på 22,5 hp är en del av mekatronikingenjörsutbildningen vid Karlstads universitet. Uppdragsgivaren är Valmet AB (tidigare Metso AB) i Hagfors som tillverkar och säljer malsegmentslitdelar för pappersindustri och massaindustri.Projektet behandlar en av de tre formmaskiner som finns på företaget, kallad M01. Formningsmomentet är grunden till gjutresultatet av produkterna och i dagsläget är det för stora variationer på kvalitetsutfall, delvis orsakat av för många frihetsgrader i hur maskinen opereras. Målet är att komma fram till en automatiserad lösning av utstötning av skalhalvor, hålla en jämnare nivå i sandkassen genom nivåmätning samt minska spill vid påfyllningen av sand.En tryckvakt och en ultraljudsgivare användes för att kunna mäta maskinens tillstånd och som styrning användes en extern PLC, Siemens LOGO! utöver den ordinarie PLC:n som används.Resultatet blev en prototyp som tillsammans med ett antal nya sensorer kan göra testmätningar och tillfälligt styra maskinen för att få en anvisning om det kan vara en bra lösning i framtiden. Lösningen ska senare kunna utvecklas fullt ut med bättre sensorer och dess funktioner ska kunna implementeras i den ordinarie PLC:n för att användas i samtliga formmaskiner.Alla lösningar fick inte fullt önskvärt resultat men de är ändå ett steg i rätt riktning. Skalen släpper inte lättare men en automatiserad utstötningsfunktion har tagits fram och kan användas som ett komplement för att underlätta för operatören. Lösningen har även lett till att det har blivit minskat spill samt att tiden för sandpåfyllning numera kan styras genom nivåmätning. Dock måste den startas manuellt i varje tillverkningscykel.
This degree project of 22.5 hp is part of the Mechatronics Engineering education at Karlstad University. The client is Valmet AB (formerly Metso AB) in Hagfors, which manufactures and sells grinding segments for the paper and pulp industry.The project highlights one of the three formwork machines at the company, called M01. The formwork is the basis to the molding results of the products and in the current situation it is of great variability in quality outcomes, partly caused by too many degrees of freedom in how the machine operated. The goal is to come up with an automated solution for ejection of shell halves, maintain a more stable level of sand in the sandbag through level measurements and reduce spillage during filling of sand.A pressure sensor and an ultrasonic sensor have been used to measure the state of the machine and to control an external PLC, Siemens LOGO addition to the ordinary PLC has used.The result was a prototype that together with a number of new sensors can make test measurements and temporarily control the machine to get a hint about if it could be a good solution in the future. The solution could later be fully developed with better sensors and its features implemented into the regular PLC to be used in any formmachine.All the solutions were not fully desirable but they are still a step in the right direction. The shells doesn’t let go easier but an automated ejection program has been developed and that be used as a supplement and assist the operator. The new solution has also led to reduced waste, and that the time for sand filling is now controlled through level measurements. However, it must be started manually in each production cycle.

Diploma thesis deal with connection of DC motor with programmable logic controller Simatic S7 – 224XP in order to attitude control turning and rotation speed of DC motor.Major goal of diploma thesis was to suggest and develope modul for connection of DC motor with programmable automatic machine. Further goal was to make a programmatic equipment for this modulus and programmable controller. Final task was visualization exercise by the help of touch screens, on which will be set and monitor values of position turning and rate of swelling of engine speed.

Ökade förväntningar på hållbarhet, säkerhet och ergonomi ställer krav på allt fler områden, även inom PLC-, samt HMI-programmering. Syftet med detta arbete har varit att modifiera ett analoginput-block, med tillhörande faceplate och faceplate-ikon från Siemens Open Library. Därefter har en jämförelse gjorts mellan de olika programmeringarna med avseende på säkerhet, hållbarhet, cykeltider, utseende och ergonomi. Programmeringarna har även jämförts mot två olika standarder; SSG 5262 och ISO 13849-1. Målet med arbetet har varit att undersöka hur en utökad funktionalitet kan påverka andra aspekter som utseende, ergonomi, cykeltider, säkerhet och hållbarhet. En PLC, som är en typ av programmerbar dator, kan bara läsa bitmönster och för att kunna läsa analoga signaler, behövs an AD-omvandlare. Siemens PLC:er omvandlar signalen till en upplösning på 16 bitar och ger även felkod vid för hög, eller låg insignal. Vid kommunikation mellan människor och maskiner behövs någon form av gränssnitt och i ”open source”-biblioteket Open Library från Siemens finns det bland annat sådana gränssnitt, i form av faceplates. Men det finns även andra färdigprogrammerade funktionsblock för motorstyrningar, med mera. Programkoden gjordes i språket FBD och standarden IEC 61131-3 beskriver uppbyggnaden av detta och andra språk för PLC-programmering. Efter en litteraturstudie inom ämnet, gjordes en implementering av nya funktioner, enligt önskemål från företaget ÅF. De nya funktioner som programmerades till PLC-blocket och faceplaten var; en hysteresfunktion för alarmgränser, filterfunktion med dämpning, grafisk representation av filtrerade signalen, visning i faceplaten av trendkurvor, sensortyp och hjälpfönster. En loggfunktion programmerades även, med en knapp som sparade ingångsvärden i ett datablock. Cykeltiderna mättes till något längre än en millisekund för en genomsnittlig cykeltid för de båda PLC-blocken. Den längsta cykeltiden för originalblocket var 72,892 millisekunder och den längsta för modifieringen var 158,174 millisekunder. Faceplaten gjordes cirka 90% större för att rymma de nya funktionerna. Färgerna, samt textstorlekarna ändrades för att bättre stämma överens med riktlinjerna från SSG 5262. Den ursprungliga faceplaten har mindre textstorlekar och andra färger på processvärden än vad SSG 5262 förespråkar. Ingen av programmeringarna är helt överensstämmande med ISO 13849-1, även om de innehåller säkerhetsrelaterade funktioner. Med avseende på utseende och ergonomi, kan både den ursprungliga och den modifierade faceplaten anses vara vilsamma för ögonen och med få färger. Modifieringen kan ses som något bättre ur en ergonomisk synvikel, på grund av större textstorlek och standardiserade processvärdesfärger. Ur ett hållbarhets- och etiskt perspektiv är det svårt att avgöra vilken programmering som är bäst, eftersom fler funktioner kan ge längre cykeltider och därmed eventuellt högre energiförbrukning, men kan även ge mervärde i form av sparad tid och möjligen pengar.
Higher expectations on sustainability, safety and ergonomics, sets higher demands on an increasing number of areas, including PLC- and HMI-programming. The purpose of this work has been to modify an analog input block with associated faceplate and faceplate icon from Siemens Open Library. A comparsion has been made between the different types of programming, according to such aspects as; safety, sustainability, cycle-time, visual aspects and ergonomics. The programmings have also been compared to two different standards; SSG 5262 and ISO 13849-1. The aim with this thesis work has been to examine how an increased functionality can affect other aspects, such as ergonomics, cycle-time, safety and sustainability. PLC:s, a type of programmable computer, can only read bit patterns and for to be able to read analog signals, the PLC needs an AD-converter. PLC:s from Siemens convert the signal to a resolution of 16 bit and also provides error code when the input signal is too high or too low. With communication between humans and machines, some form of interface is needed and the open source library ”Open Library” from Siemens, provides such interfaces in the form of faceplates. In the library, there are functions that are already programmed, motor control beeing one of them. The program code was written in the FBD language and the standard IEC 61131-3 describes the structure of this and other languages used for PLC programming. After a litterature study on the subject, an implementation of new functions was made, according to requests from the company ÅF-consult. The new functions that were programmed were; a hysteresis function for alarm boundaries, filter function with damping, graphic representation of the filtered signal, display of trend curves, sensor type and help window in the faceplate. A logging function was also programmed, with a button that saved input values in a datablock. The cycle-time was measured to somewhat longer than one millisecond for an average cycle-time for each PLC-block. The longest cycle-time for the original block was 72.892 milliseconds and the longest for the modification was 158.174 milliseconds. The faceplate was made about 90 percent larger, to accomodate the new functions. The colors and the text sizes, were edited to better match the guidelines written in SSG 5262. The original faceplate has smaller text sizes and different colors on process values, than advocated by SSG 5262. Neither of the programmings is completely according to ISO 13849-1, even if they contain safety-related functions. With regards to visual- and ergonomical aspects, both the original and the modified faceplate could be said to be ”pleasant for the eyes”, with few colors. From an ergonomic view the modification can be viewed as somewhat better because of larger text sizes and standardized process value colors. From a sustainability- and ethical perspective, it is difficult to determine which programming is best, because more functions can give longer cycle-times and thereby eventually higher energy consumption, but can give value in the form of time-savings and possibly money-savings.

Detta arbete har syftat till att ställa två av de större automationstillverkarna Siemens och Rockwell Automation mot varandra kring utvalda faktorer som: prestanda, kommunikation och tillgängliga mjukvaruverktyg. Studien har utformat tester på olika PLC-enheter från respektive tillverkare, redogjort för skillnader i de erbjudna kommunikationslösningarna samt analyserat mjukvaruverktygen utifrån utvalda egenskaper men också internationellt erkända standarder. Undersökningen har visat på bättre prestanda på processorer från Rockwell Automation än motsvarande från Siemens för ett givet tillämpningsområde. Vad befattar kommunikationslösningar med ethernet-teknologi har Siemens visat på bättre prestanda, stabilare kommunikation och ett mer komplett ekosystem som svarar på flera av de behov som kan uppstå i industriverksamhet. Mjukvaruverktygen från Siemens erbjuder mer objekt-orienterad funktionalitet och har visat sig betydligt mer kompatibel med den väletablerade standarden IEC 61131-3 som utformar programmeringsmetodiker för PLC-enheter och är tänkt att svara mot framtidens behov av interoperabilitet och effektivisering. Av resultaten som fåtts har en bedömning gjorts att Siemens erbjuder ett mer fördelaktigt utbud av produkter och tjänster som svarar väl mot framtidens krav.
This paper treats two competing suppliers of automation technology, Siemens and Rockwell Automation and directly compares them for a given set of factors in the following categories: performance, communication and software tools. The study consists of performance tests made on different PLC’s from these suppliers, considerations in the differences of communication technology and analysis of the programming tools according to chosen criteria’s but also by the degree of compliance with internationally established standards. The tests have shown the PLC from Rockwell Automation as having better performance for the chosen criteria (PLC’s for small to medium sized machines). Siemens offers more performance and more stable industrial ethernet communication over ProfiNET than does Rockwell Automation with EtherNet/IP. Accordingly, Siemens offers more flexibility in meeting future industrial needs. The software tools provided by Siemens offer a more object-oriented approach for programming PLC’s than equivalent tools from Rockwell Automation. TIA Portal offered by Siemens is more than twice as compliant with the internationally accepted standard IEC 61131-3 as Studio 5000 from Rockwell and in being more compliant benefits from increased interoperability and effective programming. The results show that Siemens’ products and services for automation benefits the customer in long term viability.

På kraftvärmeverket Allöverket I Kristianstad produceras processvattnet i en anläggning som heter totalavsaltningen. I denna anläggning som består ut av två identiska linjer låter man det inkommande vattnet passera genom jonbytare för att byta ut de oönskade jonerna i vattnet emot mer önskade. Anledningen till att man gör detta är att de oönskade jonerna i vattnet ger beläggningar på turbinen. När jonbytarna blivit mättade så måste de återställas till sin ursprungliga form. Detta sker genom att det startas ett regenereringsprogram, som består av ett antal steg så som backspolning, kemikalieintag och fyra olika spolningar. Det finns gränsvärden för vilken ledningsförmåga samt vilken halt av kisel vattnet skall ha för att få levereras men det finns endast mätning av ledningsförmåga kopplat till styrsystemet vilket gör att man får styra anläggningen efter olika tider. Till styrsystemet är det kopplat ett antal centrifugalpumpar och magnetventiler samt mätutrustning för mätning av ledningsförmåga. I totalavsaltningen sitter det ett Siemens S5 styrsystem som styr anläggningen efter vattenmängd, ledningsförmåga och olika tider för sekvenserna. Alla de styrande funktionerna sitter på ett styrskåp ute i fabriken. Siemens systemet är gammalt och omodernt och skall därför bytas ut emot ett ABB 800xA system. Detta system används redan på operatörsstationerna i manöverrummet för att styra andra delar av fabriken. Med denna studie så har jag tagit fram en ny funktionsbeskrivning av totalavsaltningen. Funktionsbeskrivningen består ut av funktionsdiagram som beskriver hur programmet styr anläggningen idag. Till funktionsbeskrivningen har jag också gjort en ny teknisk beskrivning samt reviderat det processchema som finns över anläggningen för att all dokumentation skall hänga samman.
The heat and power station Allöverket in Kristianstad produced the process water in a plant called the total desalination. In this plant which consists out of two identical lines, they let the incoming water passing through ion exchangers to replace the undesired ions in the water to more desired ions. The reason for doing this is that the undesired ions in the water give coatings on the turbine. When the ion exchangers have been saturated, they must be restored to the original condition. This is done by starting a regeneration program, which consists of a number of steps such as back flushing, intake of chemicals and four different flushes. There are limits on the conductivity and the content of silicon in the water that will be delivered. But there is only measurement of the conductivity connected to the control system, and because of this they control the plant with different timers. To the control system there is connected a number of centrifugal pumps, solenoid valves and instrumentation for measurement of conductivity. In the total desalination sits a Siemens S5 control system that controls the plant after amount of water, conductivity and different times of the sequences. The control functions are now located on a control cabinet out of the factory. The Siemens S5 control system is old and outdated and will be changed to an ABB 800xA control system. This control system they already use to control other parts of the factory from the control room. With this study I have developed a new functional description of the plant and it consists of function diagrams which describes how the software controls the plant today. To the function description, I have also made a new technical description and revised the process scheme so that all documentation of the plant says the same thing.

At Siemens, plcs are used to control the gas turbines, and to execute the code in the plcs cyclic interrupts are used. If the execution time for the interrupt becomes close to the cyclic time of the interrupt the load of the plc increases. High load levels can lead to situations were segments of code are not executed on time or even not executed at all. In this thesis an analysis of the regulators used to govern a gas turbine has been performed. The purpose of the analysis is to study the performance of the regulators for different cycle times with the aim to be able to reduce the load by sampling more slowly.

To determine the load contribution from each regulator a review of the regulators and their execution times has been made. For the analysis the Matlab program Simulink has been used to make models of the regulators, which have then been sampled at different rates. With this information it is possible to determine for which cycle times each regulator has accepetable performance and how much load each regulator contributes with. A save of load of approximately 2 percent can be obtained without loosing too much performance.

BillerudKorsnäs i Gävle är ett pappersbruk som tillverkar två typer av kartong: vätskekartong och White Top Liner. Varje höst genomförs ett veckolångt stopp där all produktion stoppas för att möjliggöra för underhåll, reparationer och nyinstallationer. Ett av projekten i årets höststopp innefattar en uppgradering av styrsystemet som tillhör hylskapen på pappersmaskin 4. För att installationen och driftsättningen av systemet ska ske effektivt krävs det att så mycket som möjligt är förberett. I denna rapport redovisas arbetet som har genomförts för att programmera det nya styrsystemet och en ny operatörspanel samt implementera en ny servodrift. Målsättningen var att färdigställa komponenterna så långt som möjligt och samtidigt på ett så bra sätt som möjligt så att uppgraderingen resulterar i en klar förbättring av hylskapens styrning. Operatörspanelen ansågs ha stor betydelse för förbättringen och därför lades mycket fokus på att skapa ett användarvänligt användargränssnitt. Metoden som användes vid utvecklingen hade dock kunnat förbättras för att utnyttja tiden mer effektivt. För att få en uppfattning om hylskapens funktion gjordes en mindre fallstudie. Det utfördes även intervjuer med alla skiftlag för att uppmärksamma eventuella önskemål gällande förbättrande funktioner. Under intervjuerna diskuterades även användargränssnittet vilket resulterade i att det fick en design som alla operatörer var nöjda med. Styrsystemet programmerades utifrån det gamla programmet men modifierades med de nya funktionerna, som till exempel servodrift och kalibreringsalternativ. Programmeringen testades kontinuerligt under hela arbetet i en testrigg bestående av en servodrift, ett styrsystem och en operatörspanel. Arbetet resulterade i att servot kunde styras via operatörspanelen på det sätt som efterfrågades. Uppgraderingen leder förhoppningsvis till att hanteringen av operatörspanelen förenklas. Flexibiliteten hos operatörspanelen gav möjlighet till att utöka hylskapens funktioner på ett smidigt sätt som inte varit möjligt tidigare, vilket förenklar ytterligare utveckling.
BillerudKorsnäs in Gävle is a paper mill that manufactures liquid-packaging board as well as white top liner (WTL). A week-long manufacturing stop is carried out each autumn so that repairs, maintenances, and installations can be accomplished. One of the projects that are going to be commissioned this autumn is about upgrading the control system of the core cutter associated with board machine 4. It is necessary that every component is prepared optimally so that the installation and commissioning runs effectively. This report describes the preparatory work that has been done to the control system, an operator panel, and a servo drive. The objective was to prepare every component in the best possible way so that the results of the upgrade would be significant improvements of the core cutter. The operator panel was considered important in the development and a lot of work was therefore put into creating a user-friendly interface. However, the method that was used to develop the interface could have been improved to make it more time efficient. A small case study was conducted to grasp an understanding of the core cutter functions. Interviews were done with the operators to understand better their ideas about enhancing certain features. The user interface and its design were also discussed during the interviews, resulting in a layout that the operators were pleased with. The control system program was based on the old control program in which new functions were added into, e.g., the servo drive and a calibration function. Various devices and their programs were also tested throughout the whole project using a test rig. The test rig contained a control system, an operator panel, and a servo drive with a motor. The result was successful. It was possible to control the servo drive with the operator panel. Hopefully the upgrade leads to a major improvement of the core cutter control. The flexibility of the new operator panel created new possibilities to streamline the functions better than before and thus simplifies further development.

Masters thesis deals with the SIMATIC, which is the process control system from Siemens. Simatic belongs to the group of so-called programmable logic controllers (English Programmable Logic Controller). It is a microcomputer that processes the instructions in real time. I have designed a control algorithm and HMI visualization in my Masterś thesis. Moreover,my attention is focused on PLC S7 - 300. The S7-313C is used for implementations. The proposed solution has been tested and operated in real conditions

This work has been done at the Kubikenborg Aluminum AB (KUBAL) Sundsvall, “the sole producer of primary aluminum and largest industrial facility in Sweden”. The aim of this project was to get a Human Machine Interface (HMI) which can visualize the process of Anode mounting. The process data has been visualized and it has assisted facility to reduce downtime by calculating stoppage of the machines and helped in streamlining the production by showing total no of Anodes produced in each shift in a day. The data has been retrieved from the Programmable Logic controllers (PLC) placed in the Anode mounting facility. After retrieving data, the task was to analyze the data and from all the data, describe the process performance. The HMI is counting and displaying time in minutes in case of system failure. Moreover, an effective way has been established for communication between the Siemens S7-300 PLC’s with the Wonderware InTouch HMI using the DASSIDIRECT data access server. In the past, the system have had several shutdowns and then the PLC data has not been possible to retrieve. There was no digital record for how long the machines remain stopped. All relevant process data were collected manually on paper, no automatically retrieved process data was available back then. Therefore, this new automatically retrieved data will be quite beneficial to the organization, as well as to operators for short term period but for long term conservation, a database server should be attached with this HMI which has not been covered in this project. At last stage, a survey has been conducted about the functionality of the HMI with operators at the facility to validate the claims made earlier which is giving positive feedback about its working and effectiveness but certain improvements needed for future prospects.

This diploma thesis was created for company ICE industrial services which develops and manages PLC software for company Alcan Strojmetal Aluminium Forging, s.r.o.. The purpose of thesis is analyze software for control line of thermal processing of aluminium forgings, design and implement modifications in control software, check functions and finally wrote control of new modifications in manual.

In the first part of this work, there is analysis of the industrial proprietary protocol S7 by Siemens. The analysis is performed by Wireshark between the programmable controller S7-1200 and Simatic NET OPC server. This protocol is based on other protocols whose proposals and solutions are completely or at least partially described in this work. On the basis of this information is created a communication library in C ++, which allows the transmission of variables. This library is subsequently used in the implementation of the communication server through which one can easily access variables in the programmable machine with a text protocol.

In this work I deal with the project of an automated robotic bartender, whose task is to show model concepts such as virtual commissioning, digital factory or industry 4.0. The work resolves two parts (cells) for the overall construction. Individual cells are solved from the design and realization of the construction through the virtual verification of operation to the design and realization of the control itself for the given cells. The construction solution was created in SolidEdge ST10. Virtual verification will be solved in the Tecnomatix Process Simulate program and the implementation of PLC and HMI control by Siemens is programmed in the TIA Portal. Wiring diagrams were drawn in the student version of the EPLAN design environment. Other colleagues work on other parts of the barman project.

The content of this thesis is a theoretical description of quality control and tracking in discrete manufacturing, its use in making control concepts, specification of the hardware, description of the communication between the devices and the PLC, and the creation of the PLC control software used for the supervision and marking of containers for brake fluid. The last part of this thesis is the implementation of the created algorithms into a real device and subsequent commissioning of the entire control line.

Denna studie ämnar undersöka hur styrsystem från Siemens som inte ingår i ordinarie produktbibliotek till deras processkontrollsystem PCS 7 kan integreras. Integreringen kommer utföras med hjälp av ett tilläggspaket till PCS 7, SIMATIC PCS7/Open OS. Styrsystemen som ska integreras i detta arbete är vanligt förekommande på industrier idag, SIMATIC S7-300/1500. Dessa styrs normalt inte via processkontrollsystem, mer vanligt är att de styrs lokalt via en operatörspanel intill maskinen. Genom att integrera dessa till processkontrollsystem kommer de att kunna styras från större kontrollrum, samtidigt som fördelarna med att integrera moderna styrsystem med ny teknik erhålls i produktionen. En annan del av studien har för avsikt att jämföra tidigare fall av liknande integreringar där andra typer av tekniker har använts. Dessa fall har visat att det finns idag standardiserade tekniker för att integrera enstaka fältenheter så att dessa kan hanteras av övergripande kontrollsystem. I en av studierna som undersöks, där det har gjorts försök att integrera funktionen av ett styrsystem som kontrollerar flertalet fältenheter, finns det enligt studien begränsningar i tekniken som används. Enligt Siemens AG ska dock tillägget SIMATIC PCS 7/Open OS klara att integrera ett styrsystem med dess fulla funktionalitet till processkontrollsystemet PCS 7. Resultatet av arbetet visar att integrering av styrsystemen till PCS 7 genom att använda tillägget är möjlig och styrsystemets fulla funktion kunde erhållas från ett PCS7-HMI. För att integreringen med tilläggspaketet ska ske smidigare rekommenderas att förberedelser, såsom att skapa bibliotek både i PCS 7 och i styrsystemet utförs innan integreringsarbetet påbörjas. Biblioteken bör innehålla funktionsblock förexempelvis motordrifter i styrsystemet och grafikelement som motsvarar dessa i PCS7.
This study will focus on how Siemens controllers that are not listed in the productlibrary of the process control system PCS 7, can be integrated. The integration willbe performed using an option for PCS 7 (SIMATIC PCS 7/Open OS). The controllers to be integrated in this work are commonly found in industries today, the Siemens controllers SIMATIC S7-300/1500. These are usually not controlled from a processcontrol system, they are more commonly controlled via an operator panel next to the machine. By integrating these controllers into the process control system, they can be controlled from larger control rooms, and the production will acquire the benefits of using modern controllers. Previous cases with similar components, where other integration techniques was used has been evaluated. In these cases the integration have shown that there are today standardized techniques for integrating single field devices so that they can be managed by process control systems. In another study investigated, where attempts have been made to integrate the function of a controller that is controlling several field devices, the study showed limitations in the technique used. According to Siemens AG however, SIMATIC PCS 7/Open OS will be able to integrate acontroller with its complete functionality into the process control system PCS 7. The result of the work shows that integration of the controllers to PCS 7 by using the option package is possible, and the controller could be fully operated from a PCS 7-HMI. In order to make the integration with the optional package more user-friendly, it is recommended that preparations be made before integrating. Such as preparing a library in both PCS 7 and in the controller to be integrated, which are containing for example function blocks in the controller side and graphic elements corresponding to these function blocks in the PCS 7-HMI side.

Sund Birsta, ett företag som utvecklar och levererar maskiner och utrustning till stålindustrin världen över, håller på att standardisera operatörspanelerna till deras samtliga maskiner. Maskinen stångräknare har inte en HMI som följer det nya gränssnittet utseende- eller funktionsmässigt. Målet med arbetet var att utveckla ett HMI med hög användbarhet som följer Sund Birstas riktlinjer och presenterar all information på 5 skärmar. En litteraturstudie har genomförts för att finna svar om vilka krav som ställs på ett HMI för att nå hög användbarhet. De designkriterier som följts är synlighet, återkoppling, begränsningar, konsekvent och affordans. HMI:t är skapat för panelen Siemens Basic KTP1200 och utvecklat i programmet Tia Portal. Resultatet visar att huvudskärmbilderna för HMI:t har skalats ner från 21 skärmbilder till 5. Det utvecklade HMI:t följer samma gränssnitt som en annan maskins operatörspanel inom maskinfamiljen med skillnader i maskinernas unika funktioner. Det används mindre tillgängligt minne i HMI:t med den nya HMI-lösningen dock innebär den nya lösningen en ökad arbetsminnebelastning jämfört med den tidigare lösningen. Då mindre tillgängligt minne används så öppnar det upp för utbyggnadsmöjligheter eftersom HMI-panelens utrymme är begränsat dock kan responstiden påverkas av ökad arbetsminnebelastning.
Sund Birsta, a company that develop and deliver machines and equipment for the steel industry around the world, are in the process of standardize HMI-panels for all their machines. Their machine, bar counter, don´t have an HMI that follow their new interface regarding appearance and functionality. The goal with this study was to develop an HMI with high usability that´s following the guidelines of Sund Birsta and present all information on 5 screens. A literature study has been done to find answer on the demands for an HMI to reach high usability. The design criteria’s that´s been complied are visibility, feedback, restraints, consistency and affordance. The HMI is created for the panel Siemens KTP1200 in the software Tia Portal. The results show that the sub screens for the HMI has been reduced from 21 to 5 screens. The developed HMI are following the same interface design as the HMI for another machine in the same machine family, with differences in the machines unique functionality. The new HMI are using less memory to load the screen but are using more work memory in comparison to the old HMI.   When less available memory is used it opens for expansion opportunities as the available memory is limited, however, the response time may be affected by the increased work memory usage.

In this thesis, a gas turbine simulator for the Siemens GT10C was developed and implemented.

It concerns everything from the theory behind the simulator; both the hard- ware and software involved, to how the actual simulator was built using these tools. The theory concerns itself with basic automatic control concepts, as well as basic turbine theory.

The simulator setup is being discussed concerning both technical and eco- nomic issues. A robust hardware solution is then selected, using the basic re- quirements, which the simulator then is built around.

The tools used are the Siemens SIMATIC automatic control system and the Siemens SIMIT real-time simulator using a SIMBA Pro PCI card to interface with the PLC:s in the SIMATIC system. Matlab are also used to a lesser extent to build the simulator behavior in SIMIT.

In the end, a fully featured simulator is presented that can be used for various purposes such as training operators, trying out new concepts and testing the automatic control system used to control the turbine.

Further development that could be done, by other engineers, in the future, is also discussed.

The diploma thesis deals with the virtual commissioning of robotic workplace designed to engrave board materials and their subsequent packaging. The summary of the knowledge that contributes to the development of the virtual commissioning as well as description of each component of the given robotic cell, are described in the theoretical part. In the practical part are described procedures such as assembling of the simulation model in Process Simulate software, creating the PLC program in integrated development environment TIA Portal or creating visualization for HMI panel. In the end, the actual commissioning of the workplace was performed, followed by additional modification and validation of the robotic program.

Nel panorama attuale in cui l'automazione industriale presenta una forte tendenza verso l’Industria 4.0, il protocollo di comunicazione IO-Link potrebbe risultare un'interessante novità per semplificare la comunicazione tra il livello di controllo e il campo, permettendo maggiore flessibilità delle linee produttive, grazie a maggiore libertà di configurazione dei dispositivi di campo. Il lavoro presentato in questa tesi parte da un’analisi teorica sulle modalità di funzionamento e le potenzialità di IO-Link, con un breve accenno su IO-Link Wireless e IO-Link Safety. Quindi si sviluppa in una sezione centrale ove è stata studiata la possibilità di integrare IO-Link con le maggiori architetture commerciali (B&R, Siemens, Rockwell) e con l’architettura proprietaria IMA. In questa fase è stata analizzata, per ogni architettura, la semplicità con cui si riesce a creare la configurazione hardware, a leggere le process data prodotte da un IO-Link Device e i mezzi forniti per accedere i parametri di configurazione del dispositivo. Sempre in questa fase sono state effettuate alcune prove sulle prestazioni di IO-Link e sulla gestione della concorrenza, utilizzando l’architettura B&R. Per permettere una lettura chiara dei process data, è stata anche realizzata una libreria che scompone i process data grezzi provenienti da alcuni IO-Link Device utilizzati durante i test. Tra questi dispositivi è stato identificato un encoder come uno dei più interessanti per applicazioni future, realizzando un apposito function block per architettura B&R che ne gestisca le funzionalità, insieme alla possibilità di salvare/caricare i suoi parametri di configurazione in/da un file XML salvato nella Compact Flash del controllore. Alla fine è riportato un riepilogo del lavoro svolto, con accenno ad alcuni possibili sviluppi futuri. Nelle conclusioni sono incluse anche alcune note teoriche sulla gestione dei guasti di IO-Link Master e IO-Link Device relative a ognuna delle architetture analizzate.

The thesis deals wiring design of automated analyzer ACS 820 for carbon and sulfur. Describes individually all parts and their functionality. Evaluates applicable control components. Thesis discuss design of safety circuit, that will secure safe use of instrument. Part of the thesis is realisation of electrical design and completing the control box.

The thesis deals with the automation of the production process of the workplace for forging of metal parts for a specific customer in a specific environment. In the introduction, there is an analysis of the industrial revolution. In the next part, the thesis is devoted to the virtual commissioning in Process Simulate. It then deals with the technical part of the design and detailed specifications of the individual components. Finally, the success of the project after the implementation is evaluated.

This thesis deals with the Industry 4.0 focusing on virtual manufacturing and its inte- gration into education. The aim of the thesis is to summarize and describe the Industry 4.0, and create necessary materials designed for teaching the virtual manufacturing. There is also a discussion on the real use of the virtual manufacturing and possible economic return for firms. Moreover, software programs for the virtual manufacturing available on the market, their options and their real use are also involved in the thesis. It also includes an application design for virtual manufacturing including laboratory tu- torials and the use of this application in education. There are also suggestions for other exercises that could move the teaching of the virtual manufacturing in the Czech Republic further.

碩士
吳鳳科技大學
應用數位媒體研究所
101
Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), digital equipment with microprocessor, have long been widely used in the field of industrial automation. Unlike the hardware wiring of conventional relay control, the propgraming of PLCs can be designed through the software. Therefore, PLCs have play an important role in the industrial automation due to the advantages of convenience and flexibility. As a result, PLC related courses have been essential courses in the vocational education. To increase learning interests and foster practical skills, many educators design and develop various teaching methods and teaching aids. This paper proposes an e-learning platform to increase learning interests of PLCs related courses. The e-learning platform offers both out-of-classroom and in-classroom learning via interactive learning content made by software Adobe Captivate. With the e-learning platform, the courses come alive with themes and interactive elements. Such an e-learning platform makes teachers not only increase learning interest of students during in-classroom learning but also offer a way for students to prepare a course before class, review a course after class, and practice repeatedly. Students are supposed to benefit in these courses via the proposed e-learning platform.

O presente Relatório enquadra-se no âmbito da Unidade Curricular de Estágio do Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrotécnica, ramo de Automação e Comunicações em Sistemas de Energia, do Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Coimbra subordinado ao tema “Desenvolvimento de aplicações para a indústria cerâmica usando PLC Siemens”. O estágio foi realizado na empresa SA – Soluções em Automação, S.A., empresa sediada em Oliveira do Bairro, com vasta experiência na realização de projetos de automação para a indústria cerâmica. Durante a realização do estágio foi dada a oportunidade ao estagiário de contribuir ativamente para o desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento de aplicações para controlo de máquinas da indústria cerâmica, inserindo-se numa equipa de trabalho com vasta experiência na área. As aplicações desenvolvidas aplicam-se a quase todo o processo de fabrico de uma fábrica de cerâmica estrutural (tijolos), proporcionando ao estagiário um conhecimento mais íntimo deste tipo de indústria e os seus desafios. As funções foram desenvolvidas com vista a serem utilizadas em autómatos da marca Siemens, o que se tornou uma mais-valia, tornando possível adquirir conhecimentos de programação e parametrização de autómatos de uma das marcas líderes de mercado e com grande utilização num vasto número de indústrias para além da cerâmica. Muitas das máquinas para as quais se criaram as aplicações possuem acionamentos mecânicos que utilizam variadores eletrónicos de velocidade (VEV’s), esta utilização possibilitou a tomada de conhecimento e criação de aplicações próprias para comunicação com VEV’s da marca SEW Eurodrive, marca utilizada na empresa onde se realizou o estágio. Esta necessidade de aprender a trabalhar com este tipo de equipamentos revelou-se outra mais-valia para o estagiário possibilitando a interação, aprendizagem e controlo de equipamentos da marca SEW. Após a fase inicial do estágio em que foi dada formação em PLC’s Siemens, foram desenvolvidas funções para o controlo de máquinas para a indústria cerâmica, tais como laminadores, transportadores, ventilação interna de secadores semi-contínuos, queimadores pulsados, etc. Terminadas as funções foram testadas dentro do possível, tentando replicar as condições de funcionamento reais das máquinas às quais as funções se aplicavam. Durante os testes foram descobertos alguns erros no desenvolvimento dos programas, que após identificados foram prontamente resolvidos. Devido ao fato de não existir nenhuma fábrica em fase de programação e arranque durante a realização do estágio, não foi possível testar o trabalho realizado no estágio em situação de funcionamento real das máquinas. Este aspeto fez com que as funções não pudessem ter sido completamente testadas. Apenas alguns meses depois de terminado o estágio é que as funções serão colocadas em funcionamento numa fábrica nova.

The content of the thesis is to familiarize students with module PLC Siemens LOGO! and its practical use in teaching courses in the subjects as automation, electro-nics and mechatronics at vocational secondary schools. The content is focused on the basic description of the development and graphical environment and its use in practical problems solving. In the practical part of the proposals there are worksheets for pupils with the design of pupils´ simple tasks. After studying this text and the compilation of practical problems, the student should be capable of independent operation with module PLC Siemens LOGO! and implementation of complex applications.

Diploma thesis focuses on the topic of cleaning boilers in heating and power generation industry and automation of boiler cleaning process. There are summarized facts about cleaning devices, from which these systems consist of and as well as about support and control devices. Based on this facts, is developed control system and visualization interfaces with an emphasis on functionality into the system.