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Mohan, Ashwin. "A fuzzy controller developed in RSLogix 5000 using ladder logic and function blocks implemented on a Control Logix PLC /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1420941.
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Cheng, Yuan-Teng. "Algorithm and intelligent tutoring system design for ladder logic programming." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1449.
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Tesfaye, Mussie. "Secure Reprogramming of a Network Connected Device : Securing programmable logic controllers." Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationssystem, CoS, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-104077.
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This is a master’s thesis project entitled “Secure reprogramming of network connected devices”. The thesis begins by providing some background information to enable the reader to understand the current vulnerabilities of network-connected devices, specifically with regard to cyber security and data integrity. Today supervisory control and data acquisition systems utilizing network connected programmable logic controllers are widely used in many industries and critical infrastructures. These network-attached devices have been under increasing attack for some time by malicious attackers (including in some cases possibly government supported efforts). This thesis evaluates currently available solutions to mitigate these attacks. Based upon this evaluation a new solution based on the Trusted Computing Group (TCG’s) Trusted Platform Modules (TPM) specification is proposed. This solution utilizes a lightweight version of TPM and TCG’s Reliable Computing Machine (RCM) to achieve the desired security. The security of the proposed solution is evaluated both theoretically and using a prototype. This evaluation shows that the proposed solution helps to a great extent to mitigate the previously observed vulnerabilities when reprogramming network connected devices. The main result of this thesis project is a secure way of reprogramming these network attached devices so that only a valid user can successfully reprogram the device and no one else can reprogram the device (either to return it to an earlier state, perhaps with a known attack vector, or even worse prevent a valid user from programming the device).Avhandlingen börjar med att ge lite bakgrundsinformation för att läsaren att förstå de nuvarande sårbarheten i nätverksanslutna enheter, särskilt när det gäller IT-säkerhet och dataintegritet. Idag övervakande kontroll och datainsamlingssystem använder nätverksanslutna programmerbara styrsystem används allmänt i många branscher och kritisk infrastruktur. Dessa nätverk anslutna enheter har under ökande attacker under en tid av illvilliga angripare (inklusive i vissa fall eventuellt regeringen stöds insatser). Denna avhandling utvärderar för närvarande tillgängliga lösningar för att minska dessa attacker. Baserat på denna utvärdering en ny lösning baserad på Trusted Computing Group (TCG) Trusted Platform Modules (TPM) specifikation föreslås. Denna lösning använder en lätt version av TPM och TCG:s pålitliga dator (RCM) för att uppnå önskad säkerhet. Säkerheten i den föreslagna lösningen utvärderas både teoretiskt och med hjälp av en prototyp. Utvärderingen visar att den föreslagna lösningen bidrar i stor utsträckning för att minska de tidigare observerade sårbarheter när omprogrammering nätverksanslutna enheter. Huvudresultatet av denna avhandling projektet är ett säkert sätt omprogrammering dessa nätverksanslutna enheter så att endast ett giltigt användarnamn framgångsrikt kan omprogrammera enheten och ingen annan kan programmera enheten (antingen att återställa den till ett tidigare tillstånd, kanske med en känd attack vector, eller ännu värre förhindra en giltig användare från programmering av enheten).
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Johansson, Marcus, and Jacob Nilsson. "Virtuell driftsättning : Verifiering av PLC logik mot simuleringsprogram." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-11529.
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För att korta ner den totala driftsättningstiden i projekt beslutade Volvo Cars Skövde om att undersöka möjligheterna för verifiering av PLC-logik mot simuleringsprogram. Det övergripande målet med examensarbetet var att undersöka möjligheterna för att upprätta kommunikation mellan flödesimuleringsprogrammet Siemens Plant Simulation och en PLC-enhet. En ingripande förståelse av området virtuell driftsättning skapades vid skrivandet av referensramen och en litteraturstudie vilket legat till grund för det fortsatta praktiska arbetet. Genom en datainsamling med intervjuer, diskussioner och en omfattande litteraturstudie kunde en bättre förståelse bildas kring hur kommunikation mellan de olika programmen fungerar, samt viktiga punkter som bör has i åtanke vid virtuell driftsättning överlag. Ett hypotetiskt system utvecklades i Plant Simulation av Volvo Cars Skövde för att användas som testsystem. I emuleringsmjukvaran Simumatik3D skapades en modell för att efterlikna Plant Simulation modellen samtidigt som PLC-logiken utvecklades i Siemens Step 7. Under utvecklingens gång verifierades delsystem i Simumatik3D mot den skapade PLC-logiken tills det att modellen var färdigutvecklad. För att säkerhetsställa att både Simumatik3D modellen och Plant Simulation modellen var valid undersöktes ett antal valideringspunkter. Experimentfasen tog vid efter valideringstestet där olika scenarier undersöktes och testades för att föra upp eventuella problem i modellerna till ytan. En omfattande utvärdering presenteras där hela uppbyggnadsfasen av modeller utvärderas med avseende på tidsåtgång, för- och nackdelar och kommunikation med PLC. De två programmen Simumatik3D och Plant Simulation utvärderades mot varandra för att få ut vilket program som mest lämpar sig för virtuell verifiering av PLC-logik. Ett översiktligt arbetssätt togs fram utifrån den utvärdering som gjorts samt erfarenheter från genomförandet av arbetet. Resultatet av det framtagna arbetssättet presenteras vilket beskriver uppdelningen mellan beställare och leverantör, kommunikationen mellan parterna samt en överskådlig visualisering av arbetssättets process. Resultatet från utvärderingen visade att Simumatik3D lämpar sig åt att verifiera PLC logik på detaljnivå. Utvärderingen visade även att PLC-logik kan verifieras med hjälp av Plant Simulation, dock inte på samma detaljnivå. Plant Simulation lämpar sig istället till att göra simuleringsmodeller mer verklighetstrogna. Virtuell driftsättning av PLC-logik är ett nytt koncept på Volvo Cars Skövde och därför kan resultatet från detta arbete ligga till grund för fortsatt arbete inom detta område. Virtuell verifiering av PLC-logik diskuteras där flera aspekter som är viktiga att tänka på presenteras. Projektens huvudmål att virtuellt verifiera PLC-logik mot simuleringsprogram uppnåddes och gav goda resultat, de uppsatta delmålen resulterade i en omfattande utvärdering och framtida rekommendationer.To shorten project lead times Volvo Cars Skövde decided to explore the possibilities regarding verifi-cation of PLC-logic in simulation programs. The overall objective of the thesis was to analyze the pos-sibilities for establishing communication between the flow simulation program Plant Simulation and a PLC-device. A thorough understanding of the area virtual commissioning was obtained by writing the frame of reference and a literature review which served as basis for the continued practical work. Through a collection of interviews, discussions and an extensive literature review a better under-standing regarding how the communication between the different programs works, along with im-portant points that should be considered under a virtual commissioning project was obtained. A hy-pothetical system was developed in Plant Simulation by Volvo Cars Skövde to be used as a test sys-tem. The Simumatik3D model was created by emulating the Plant Simulation model and at the same time developing the PLC-logic in Siemens Step 7. During the development progress subsystems were verified in Simumatik3D against the created PLC-logic until the model was fully developed. To make sure that both the Simumatik3D model and the Plant Simulation model was valid a number of valida-tion points were tested. After the validation test the experimental phase started were different sce-narios were analyzed and tested to bring up any problems in the models to the surface. A thorough evaluation is presented in which the entire construction phase of the models is evaluated in terms of time required, advantages and disadvantages and communication with the PLC-device. The two pro-grams Simumatik3D and Plant Simulation was evaluated against one another in order to find out which program that is the most suited for virtual verification of PLC-logic. An overall methodology was developed based on the evaluation carried out and the experience gained from the implementa-tion of the work. The result from the developed methodology is presented which describes the parti-tion between the client and supplier, the communication between them and a visualization of the methodology-process. The result from the evaluation showed that Simumatik3D was more suitable for verification of PLC logic on a detailed level. The evaluation also showed that the PLC logic could be verified with Plant Simulation, but not on the same detailed level. Plant Simulation was more suit-able for making simulation models more realistic. Virtual commissioning of PLC-logic is a new con-cept on Volvo Cars Skövde and therefore can the result from this thesis form a basis for future work in this area. Virtual verification of PLC-logic is discussed in which several important aspects to think about is presented. The projects main goal to virtually verify PLC-logic in simulation programs was achieved and yielded good results, the partial objectives resulted in a thorough evaluation and future recommendations.
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Allensworth, Courtney. "Computer-based process simulator and testing environment for teaching PLC sequential logic systems /." Available to subscribers only, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1328064261&sid=24&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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OKUMA, Shigeru, Tatsuya SUZUKI, Takashi MUTOU, and Eiji KONAKA. "Optimal Design of Sensor Parameters in PLC-Based Control System Using Mixed Integer Programming." Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14990.
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Tarasso, Markus, and Daniele Usai. "Utveckling av kontrollrumsstyrning : För DC-generator genom PLC och HMI." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-22104.
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Projektet går ut på att ersätta den befintliga styrningen av en DC-generator för 1200 kV med en fjärrstyrning från kontrollrummet via optolänk. Den nya styrningen ska utgöras av ett PLC-system (Programmable Logic Controller) som manövreras med hjälp av ett HMI – Human Machine Interface. Bakgrunden till projektet härrör från att den befintliga styrutrustningen är opålitlig samt styrs i en farlig miljö. Rapporten går igenom hur befintlig styrutrustning fungerar samt dess ingående komponenter, hur ett PLC-system fungerar med dess bakgrund och olika programmeringsspråk. Även programmeringen och byggnationen av det nya systemet avhandlas. I slutet av rapporten ges en genomgång av de provkörningar som utförts för att säkerställa att alla funktioner fungerar som tänkt. Resultat av provkörningarna ges och diskussion förs kring projektet. Projektet är utfört åt högspänningsgruppen på RISE i Borås som använder generatorn bland annat vid kalibrering av spänningsdelare. Det nya styrsystemet innefattar alla av den tidigare styrutrustningens funktioner och några nya funktioner så som överströms- och överspänningsskydd vilka slår från spänningsmatningen om dessa begränsningar överskrids. Att styrutrustningen nu är placerad i kontrollrumsmiljö gör att operatören kan hantera utrustningen utan att vara i närheten av farlig spänning.The report aims to replace the current control equipment for a DC-generator for 1200 kV by remote control from control room through optical fibre link. The new control will be a PLC system controlled by a HMI – Human Machine Interface. The background to the project is that the existing control equipment is unreliable and controlled in a dangerous environment. The report shows how the current control equipment works and its constituent components, how a PLC-system works with its background and different programming languages. This report will also describe how the programming and building of the hardware are done. In the end of this report are going through a test run to confirm that the system is working properly. Result of the test run are given and some discussion. The project is initiated by the high voltage group at RISE in Borås, who are using the DC-generator for instance while calibrating voltage dividers. The new control system contains all of the functions from the earlier control system but also some new functions such as overcurrent and overvoltage protection who turns off power supply if the limits are exceeded. The control system is now located in the control room so that the operator can use the system without being close to high voltage.
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Rickey, Matthew R. "Fuzzy Logic Learning for Predictive Feedback Estimation in a Radiant Heat System." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1278616429.
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Alavizadeh, Zahra. "PLC Controlled System for Local Humidity Management in Electronic Enclosures." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Computer and Electrical Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-13148.
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This master thesis is about investigation a power efficient anti-moisture device thatcan be implemented in electronic enclosures in severe climatic environments.First, some of the existing knowledge and previous works were introduced. Then arelevant theoretical background including three main approaches in humiditymanagement are described, comparison between the enclosure heaters and localheaters, some psychrometics concepts that have been used in the project, heattransfer fundamentals, environmental test basics, some humidity and temperaturesensing techniques, computational fluid dynamics, programmable logic controlfundamentals, comparison PLCs with microcontrollers was provided.A series experiments have been performed in order to find the power efficient andmost effective anti-moisture method. Based on the analysis of the experiment data,the local heater system has been designed. CFD assisted parametric study of thelocal heater has been performed in order to find the best feasible design includingthe size and location. The local heater has been built based on the results ofparametric study. Different materials have been tested in laboratory in order tofind the proper material for final prototype of heater. The implemented localheater has been integrated with programmable logic control device. The controlalgorithm has been developed for activation/deactivation of local heater. The logiccontrolled PCB local heater has been experimentally evaluated.In the end the results achieved from environmental test have been presented andanalyzed. Some conclusions on the results and also future work have been discussed.
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Klintrot, Oskar, and Daniel Forsström. "Lastfördelning och effektmätning med Arduino och PLC." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Sjöfartshögskolan (SJÖ), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-34236.
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Detta arbete var beställt av Sjöfartshögskolan i Kalmar. Skolan ville ha en enhet som kunde mäta aktiv-, reaktiv- och skenbar effekt, ström, spänning, frekvens och cosϕ på en generator och som kommunicerade vidare dessa värden till en PLC. Detta för att kunna lastfördela lasten mellan ett antal generatorer i kursen Tillämpad elteknik 15 hp där studenterna bygger en generatorinstallation med tre generatorer. Ett funktionsblock för lastfördelning skulle också programmeras. Prototypen som konstruerades baserades på en Arduino Ethernet och kommunikationen löstes med Modbus TCP/IP över Ethernet. Ett lastfördelningsprogram programmerades i form av ett funktionsblock som studenterna kunde importera till CoDeSys v2.3 och använda i sina installationer. Prototypen kunde läsa av värdena med ungefär samma noggrannhet som ett kommersiellt instrument som använder sig av samma mätteknik som prototypen. Uppdateringsfrekvensen var dock lägre än hos ett kommersiellt instrument. Kommunikationen med PLC:n fungerade utan problem. Då ingen undervisning hölls i arbetets slutskede kunde inte lastfördelningen testas på en fullskalig anläggning. Lastfördelningsprogrammet klarade dock av att hålla rätt frekvens på en ensam generator och fungerade som tänkt när programmet testades i en simulator. Prototypen gav fel mätvärden vid kapacitiv last. Vid jämförelse med en kommersiell tångamperemeter visade sig mätfelet bero på mätmetoden då båda gav liknande resultat. Som referens användes en professionell elkvalitetsanalysator. Alla uppdragsgivarens krav blev uppfyllda och arbetet kommer att kunna användas i undervisningen.This thesis was ordered by Kalmar Maritime Academy. The request was for a device that could measure active, reactive and apparent power, as well as frequency, voltage, current and cosϕ on a generator. The measured values would be communicated to a PLC for use in a load sharing program between a number of generators in the course Tillämpad elteknik, 15 ECTS. In that course the students constructs a three-generator electric power grid. Included in the request was also to program a load sharing program. The prototype being constructed was based on the Arduino Ethernet, and the communication was enabled by means of the Modbus TCP/IP protocol over Ethernet. A load sharing program was created in the form of a function block which the student could import into the CoDeSys for use in the generator systems. The prototype could measure values with close to the same accuracy as a commercial available instrument that were using the same technique for measuring. The refresh rate was however lower than the commercial available instrument. Communication with the PLC worked without any issues. No full-scale testing could be done since no course was held during the final stages of the thesis, however the load sharing program could keep frequency on a single generator alone and worked in a simulated soft environment. Measuring errors occurred when measuring a capacitive load. When comparing to a commercial available clamp meter, the same errors occurred. As a reference a professional power and energy quality analyser was used. All the requests were fulfilled and the result of this thesis will be used in the educational programme at the Academy.
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Jowkar, Saeid. "The Application of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) to Control Temperature in Cold-room Based on TIA PORTAL Software." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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A temperature sensor is a device to measure the temperature through an electrical signal. It requires a thermocouple or resistance temperature detectors (RTD) and will interface with a programmable logic controller (PLC). A temperature transmitter is a device that connects to a temperature sensor to transmit the signal elsewhere for monitoring and control purposes that its role is to convert the temperature sensor's signal to a 0-10V DC voltage in the PLC. The PLC voltage signal setting is compared to the temperature deviation after the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) operation. Then, the system will issue a temperature control signal to achieve the cooling system voltage control so that it implements continuous monitoring and temperature control. The temperature control system in the industrial field has a certain value that it is an important factor for controlling temperature. A certain value of the temperature of the desired environment has to be set with a minimum and maximum set-point temperature which is suitable for that environment and the set-point value can be variable and can be changed with Human Machine Interface (HMI) easily.
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Hubený, František. "Využití softwarového PLC v tepelné technice budov." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219691.
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This presenting master’s thesis deals with a problem of digitaly controled room temperature using the software PLC. The result of this work was creating of an algorithm to control temperature on the requested leve ofl setpoint, minimizing operating costs of the building. The PLC softwares from different manufacturers were analyzed and compared with conventional PLC. The testing facility was disigned and used to control the temperature in the room and data visualization. Room temperature was regulated by PS controller or two point regulator.
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Sandberg, Natalia. "Automatic Generation of PLC Code Based on Net Condition Event Systems." Scholar Commons, 2008. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3771.
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An important consideration in discrete event dynamic systems control theory is the selection of a suitable modeling formalism that can capture the complex characteristics of the system and the capability to automatically synthesize a controller based on the system model. Net condition event systems are well suited for modeling complex discrete event dynamic systems owing to their input and output structure, which effectively captures the behavior of the physical devices to be monitored and/or controlled. To date, net condition event systems control models have not been extensively applied to highly automated manufacturing systems and there are few guidelines on how to automatically generate Programmable Logic Controller programming languages from net condition event systems models. This research automatically converted net condition event systems control models into Programmable Logic Controller programming language and evaluated the applicability of the proposed methodology in highly automated manufacturing systems using HAS-200 as a test bed.
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Axelsson, Per, and Christoffer Hedlund. "Upprustning och modernisering av kraftstation vid Årbols såg och kvarn." Thesis, University West, Department of Technology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-375.
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Oskarsson, Daniel, and Jan-Erik Henriksson. "Modernisering av marint styr- och övervakningsskåp." Thesis, University West, Department of Technology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-392.
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Johansson, Adam, and Tim Johansson. "Code generation for programmable logic controllers : Evaluating model-based engineering practices in a real-world context." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-18714.
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The industrial manufacturing of today is achieved through the use of programmable logic controllers (PLC). The way PLCs are programmed remains largely unchanged since their conception 40 years ago, but complexity and software size have increased, and requirements have becomemore elaborate. Model-driven engineering (MDE) practices, formal verification and automated testing could help manage these challenges. This study seeks to improve development practices in the context of a company that delivers automation projects. Through design science methodology the state of the field is investigated and an artefact is developed. The artefact shows potential benefits resulting from the introduction of model-driven code generation, which is evaluated through an experiment with engineers. Our results indicate the engineers may benefit from incorporating generated code in their work.
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Podrabský, Tomáš. "Návrh, simulace a realizace funkčních modulů testbedu Průmysl 4.0." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377082.
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In this work I deal with the project of an automated robotic bartender, whose task is to show model concepts such as virtual commissioning, digital factory or industry 4.0. The work resolves two parts (cells) for the overall construction. Individual cells are solved from the design and realization of the construction through the virtual verification of operation to the design and realization of the control itself for the given cells. The construction solution was created in SolidEdge ST10. Virtual verification will be solved in the Tecnomatix Process Simulate program and the implementation of PLC and HMI control by Siemens is programmed in the TIA Portal. Wiring diagrams were drawn in the student version of the EPLAN design environment. Other colleagues work on other parts of the barman project.
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Mertlík, Daniel. "Inteligentní dvou-ramenný žonglovací stroj." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230043.
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This thesis describes the design and implementation of device called Intelligent two-arm juggling machine. The role of the demonstration project is to control rotational movement of the arm so that the concept of the machine there to swap the ball to the opposite side shoulder. The project is divided into two theses, which this proposal addresses the above mentioned tasks, the machine and place the second level ofcooperative governance through visualization.
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Pour, Radek. "Řízení ramene motoru a určení hmotnosti předmětu z dynamiky pohybu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228147.
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The diploma thesis is a part of the project Intelligent weighting and sorting of goods. The principle of measuring of weight from movement dynamics with derivation calculation relation is detailed described in the first part. The description of used automation means is also in the first part of the diploma thesis. The second part includes design of three adaptive control systems for controlling DC electromotor’s arm, communication principles between programmable logic controllers and designed code of program.
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Novák, Marek. "Řízení procesu třídění programovatelným automatem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228285.
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My diploma thesis deals with the design and production of the first of the two parts of a device for classifying goods. This device needs two programmable logic controllers (hereafter PLCs), produced by Phoenix Contact, to complete these activities. These controllers are interconnected. One part of the solution, which is described in my thesis in detail, deals with the communication between these controllers, the design of optimalization of methods of classifying goods, which is important for the operation of the whole device and visualization realization. The PLCs are programmed in PC worx software and the visualisation has been made using the Visu+ programme produced by Phoenix Contact. The outcome of my thesis is a device, which, after setting up of the parameters, works independently and is completely controlled by a HDMI touch screen. This thesis has been supported by the Czech Ministry of Education in the frame of MSM 0021630529 Research Intention Inteligent Systems in Automation.
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Gustavsson, Anna. "Reliable Network Communication." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Signaler och System, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-395261.
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The Target Positioning Sensor (TPS) is used by cranes to locate containers in ports and on cargo ships. The reliability of the communication network between the TPS and the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is important to optimise the productivity of the container terminal. Lost data messages between the network devices will lead to delays and production loss for the terminal. The main goal of this thesis project is to make the Ethernet-based network between the TPS and the PLC more reliable. The current sensor network protocol uses the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and the project aims to replace that with the Transport Control Protocol (TCP). This includes designing a new message handling application and performing case studies on how to best handle compatibility issues between the TPS and the PLC, to improve the longevity of the application. The case studies led to considering an adaptable behaviour toward future software updates in different parts of the network. An application which used TCP to communicate between a PC and a PLC was developed, intended to be used as a reference during future integration into the actual sensor network. The TCP application works but needs to be improved before being implemented in a real system. In addition, the project also looked into Time-Sensitive Networking, which is a method of increasing link capacity and reliability in time-sensitive network implementations. This was done through a literature study on the IEEE Time-Sensitive Networking Standard, which showed that the application of the standard could be beneficial if more sensors are added to the network of if the sampling frequency of the TPS is increased.
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Amba, Harsha Vardhan. "Operation and Monitoring of Parabolic Trough Concentrated Solar Power Plant." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5891.
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The majority of the power generated today is produced using fossil fuels,emitting carbon dioxide and other pollutants every second. Also, fossil fuels will eventually run out. For the increasing worldwide energy demand, the use f reliable and environmentally beneficial natural energy sources is one of the biggest challenges. Alongside wind and water, the solar energy which is clean, CO2-neutral and limitless, is our most valuable resource.
Concentrated solar power (CSP) is becoming one of the excellent alternative sources for the power industry. The successful implementation of this technology requires the efficient design of tracking and operation system of the CSP solar plants. A detailed analysis of components needed for the design of cost-effective and optimum tracker for CSP solar systems is required for the power plant modeling, which is the primary subject of this thesis. A comprehensive tracking and operating system of a parabolic trough solar power plant was developed focusing primarily on obtaining optimum and cost effective design through the simplified methodology of this work. This new model was implemented for a 50 kWe parabolic trough solar power plant at University of South Florida, Tampa.
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Záviš, Jan. "Model křižovatky s průmyslovou komunikací." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442438.
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This diploma project summarizes a theoretical introduction regarding the issue of traffic light control. Further there is industrial communication discussed, where they are the Ethernet / IP protocol and the Modbus TCP protocol described more in detail. The following is the description of the Logix series programmable controllers. Then the diploma follows up with market research in order to find the most suitable development kit which is used as a trial prototype. Then it is concerned with a development kit with a communication module from AND-TECH company. Software was developed on them, more specifically a library for processor ports, memory and the Modbus TCP protocol. After verifying the functionality of the software, the hardware design was started. From the first site it is development kit and module and from the second site there are input and output circuits. There must be the assessment of the results found during the test operation. The end of the document describes incorrect steps that were repaired in hardware.
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Nilsson, Jonatan. "Planering och utvecklande av testplattform för tryckpulsation." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17136.
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Autotube är ett företag baserat i Varberg som utvecklar och producerar luft- och vätskelösningar främst inom bilindustrin. På senare tid har biltillverkarna skiftat till högre bränsletryck i bensindrivna förbränningsmotorer vilket har lett till att företagets produktutvecklingsavdelning saknar testutrustning för att utveckla nya produkter vilket i sin tur har lett till att företaget köpt tjänsten från extern leverantör. Kostnaderna och den bristande insynen i trycktester hos extern leverantör har lett Autotube att investera i ny utrustning och bedriva framtida tester i företagets lokaler. Ambitionen är att testanläggningen ska kunna genomföra tryckpulser och sprängprover både för produktutveckling och stickprov. Det övergripande syftet med examensarbetet är att programmera PLC logiken, designa HMI-panelen och skapa en elektriskt överförbar rapport efter genomfört testutförande. Under projektets progression visade studier och företagets empiriska kunskaper att resultatet från testanläggningen karakteriseras av tre nyckelparametrar; funktionsduglighet, realtidsövervakning och datahantering. Varje kategori har givetvis flera underkategorier som adderar värde till nyckelparametrarna. För funktionsduglighet krävs pålitlig hårdvara som klarar av att vara driftsatt under lång tid utan avbrott. Dock om ett avbrott från yttre faktorer skulle inträffa behöver testanläggningen programmeras för att spara data och undvika att testresultaten raderas. För att undvika irritation och handhavandefel bör användargränssnittet vara utformad efter målgruppens behov och mängden information bör begränsas. God realtidsövervakning ställer krav på lättåtkomlig information både vid testanläggningen och på distans vilket ökar möjligheten att läsa av testutförandes värden oberoende av vart användaren befinner sig. För att minska användarens arbetsbelastning bör varningssignaler som indikerar när testanläggningen inte utför önskvärt arbete användas. Datahantering bör ske automatiserat för att tillse att rätt data lagras och att den mänskliga faktorn kringgås. Flertalet rapporter under testutförandets förlopp är fördelaktigt för jämförelse av testutförandets olika skeden vilket ökar insikten om vad som skett när och möjliggör en djupare analys av testutförandet. Det genomförda arbetet har analyserat olika alternativ och använt litteratur relevant till nyckelparametrarna tillsammans med kontinuerlig återkoppling från företagets tekniker för att skapa mjukvaran till testanläggningen. Resultatet är en pålitlig anläggning med skräddarsydd realtidsövervakning och automatisk datahantering.Autotube is a company based in Varberg that develops and produces air- and fluid solutions primarily to the automotive industry. Recently the automotive manufacturers have increased the fuel injection pressure in petrol engines which has led to the absence of proper test equipment which limits the company’s product development department as pressure test has to be bought by a third-party company. The costs and lack of insight in the pressure tests that is associated with purchasing the service from a third part company has led Autotube to invest in new equipment that will allow the company to do future tests in-house. The ambition is to perform pressure pulsation tests and burst tests for both product development and production samples. The general purpose of the thesis is to program the PLC logic, design the HMI-panel and to create and electrically transferrable report after test completion. During the progression of the project studies and the company’s empirical knowledge showed that the result from a test facility is characterized primarily by three key parameters; functionality, real time monitoring and data management. Each category includes several subcategories that adds value to each key parameter. Functionality requires reliable hardware that can stay commissioned for extended periods of times without Interruption. However, if interruptions do occur it is important that the data from the ongoing test is saved so that data is not lost. To avoid irritation and mishandling it’s important to design the user interface according to the needs of the users and to avoid excessive information that is not vital for the result. A proper real time monitoring solution requires that information is easily available both at the location of the test facility and at distance in order to enable to user to act no matter where the user is located. Warning signals that indicate when the test facility does not perform as expected should be used in order to reduce the workload. Data management should be automatic in order to store the correct data and prevent errors caused by the human factor. Several reports should be used during the test as it allows the user to compare the data in the different test stages which improves the insight and analysis capability of the performed test. The performed work has analysed different alternatives and used literature relevant to the key parameters combined with continuous feedback from the company’s technicians in order to create the software for the test facility. The result is a reliable facility with tailored real time monitoring and automatic data management.
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Steen, Patrik. "PLC&Virtual Commissioning : En studie i verifiering av PLC-logik genom Virtual Commissioning." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-69379.
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PLC kan idag vara det mest använda styrsystemet till industriella applikationer. Verifikation av programmerad PLC-logik är av stort värde och kan göras på olika sätt. ÅF Karlstad vill idag börja se över möjligheter till implementering av Virtual Commissioning som ett alternativ till minskning av ledtider. I det stora hela blev målet för detta projektarbete att i Xcelgo Experior bygga upp en 3D-miljö som liknar en saltvatten-process på Barilla i Filipstad, skriva PLC-logiken i Siemens TIA-portalen och testköra logiken i 3D-miljön. Och av detta kunna ge underlag till eventuella investeringar i denna teknik för ÅF Karlstad. Gränssnittet Xcelgo Experior visade sig var funktionellt och lättarbetat. Dock hann inte programutvecklarna få i stånd den uppdatering av modulkatologen som krävts för att tillräckligt kunna efterlikna Barillas process att det försvarbart skulle kunna verifiera PLC-logiken. Efter överläggande med min handledare på ÅF, Anders Emanuelsson, bestämdes att i stället verifiera logiken visuellt i Siemens HMI. Då detta projektarbete endast delvis kommer uppfylla de syften och mål som satts kommer istället en verifiering av PLC-logiken för processen att utgöras av Siemens HMI. Dock har användandet och testkörning av mindre skriven kod, anpassat för nuvarande version av Xcelgo, givit en bild av möjligheterna att effektivt validera PLC-logik då en version lämpad mer för den Värmländska industrin kommit.
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Söder, Thomas, and Henrik Karlsson. "Verifiering av PLC-logik : för styrsystem vid Volvo cars." Thesis, University West, Department of Technology, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-395.
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Adams, Azeez Olawale. "Control of reconfigurable assembly system." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5368.
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Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This work considers the control of reconfigurable assembly systems using a welding assembly system as a case study. The assembly system consists of a pallet magazine, a feeding system, an inspection and removal system, a welding system and a conveyor. The aim of the work is to compare PC and PLC as controllers, as well as to compare two different approaches to reconfigurable control. The control system of the pallet magazine was developed using a PC and a PLC. The PC control was programmed using Visual C#, while the PLC was programmed in Ladder Logic using Siemens S-300 STEP7. The two controllers were compared based on the attributes that measure the quality of a controller's software, which include its capability, availability, usability and adaptability. The approaches to reconfigurable control considered were the agent-based methodology and the IEC 61499 distributed control methodology, both of which were applied to the feeding system. The agent-based control system was implemented using the JADE agent platform, while the IEC 61499 distributed control system was implemented using the FBDK software kit. These two methods were compared based on the characteristics of a reconfigurable system, which include the system's modularity, integrability, convertibility, diagnosability, customization and scalability. The result obtained in comparing the PC to the PLC shows that the PLC performs better in terms of capability, availability and usability, while the PC performs better in terms of adaptability. Also, the result of the comparison between the agent-based control system and the IEC 61499 distributed control system shows that the agent-based control system performs better in terms of integrability, diagnosability and scalability, while the IEC 61499 distributed control system performs better in terms of modularity and customization. They are, however, on a par in terms of convertibility.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie werk beskou die beheer van herkonfigureerbare monteringstelsels met 'n sweismonteringstelsel as gevallestudie. Die monteringstelsel bestaan uit 'n paletmagasyn, 'n voerstelsel, 'n inspeksie-en- verwyderingstelsel, 'n sweisstelsel en 'n voerband. Die mikpunt van die werk is om persoonlike rekenaars (PCs) en programmeerbare-logikabeheerders (PLCs) as beheerders te vergelyk, asook om twee verskillende benaderings tot herkonfigureerbare beheer te vergelyk. Die beheerstelsel van die paletmagasyn is ontwikkel met 'n PC en 'n PLC. Die PC-beheer is in Visual C# geprogrammeer, terwyl die PLC in leerlogika met Siemens S-300 STEP7 geprogrammeer is. Die twee beheerders is vergelyk in terme van die eienskappe wat die kwaliteit van 'n beheerder se sagteware meet en sluit in vermoë, beskikbaarheid, bruikbaarheid en aanpasbaarheid. Die benaderings tot herkonfigureerbare beheer wat oorweeg is, is die agent-gebaseerde metodologie en die IEC 61499 verspreide-beheermetodologie. Beide is op die voerstelsel toegepas. Die agent-gebaseerde beheerstelsel is geïmplementeer met behulp van die JADE agent-platform, terwyl die IEC 61499 verspreide stelsel geïmplementeer is met behulp van die FBDK sagteware-stel. Hierdie twee metodes se vergelyking is gebaseer op die eienskappe van 'n herkonfigureerbare stelsel, waarby die stelsel se modulariteit, integreerbaarheid, diagnoseerbaarheid, pasmaakbaarheid en skaleerbaarheid ingesluit is. Die resultate wat in die vergelyking tussen die PC en PLC verkry is, toon dat die PLC beter vaar in terme van vermoë, beskikbaarheid en bruikbaarheid, terwyl die PC beter vaar in terme van aanpasbaarheid. Die resultaat van die vergelyking tussen die agent-gebaseerde beheerstelsel en die IEC 61499 verspreide beheerstelsel wys dat die agent-gebaseerde beheerstelsel beter vaar in terme van integreerbaarheid, diagnoseerbaarheid en skaleerbaarheid, terwyl die IEC 61499 verspreide beheerstelsel beter vaar in terme van modulariteit en pasmaakbaarheid. Hulle is egter vergelykbaar in terme van omskepbaarheid.
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Guimar?es, Alexandre Magnus Fernandes. "Desenvolvimento de um sistema de automa??o para uma planta de inertiza??o de res?duos por plasma." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15141.
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Previous issue date: 2009-08-28Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The traditional processes for treatment of hazardous waste are questionable for it generates other wastes that adversely affect people s health. As an attempt to minimize these problems, it was developed a system for treatment of hazardous waste by thermal plasma, a more appropriate technology since it produces high temperatures, preventing the formation of toxic pollutants to human beings. The present work brings out a solution of automation for this plant. The system has local and remote monitoring resources to ensure the operators security as well as the process itself. A special attention was given to the control of the main reactor temperature of the plant as it is the place where the main processing occurs and because it presents a complex mathematical model. To this, it was employed cascaded controls based on Fuzzy logic. A process computer, with a particular man-machine interface (MMI), provides information and controls of the plant to the operator, including by Internet. A compact PLC module is in charge of the central element of management automation and plant control which receives information from sensors, and sends it to the MMI
Os processos tradicionais de tratamento de lixos perigosos s?o question?veis por gerar outros res?duos que afetam negativamente ? sa?de das pessoas. Como tentativa de minimiza??o desses problemas foi desenvolvido um sistema de tratamento de res?duos perigosos por plasma t?rmico, uma tecnologia adequada por produzir altas temperaturas, impedindo a forma??o de poluentes bastantes t?xicos ao homem. O trabalho aqui exposto traz uma solu??o de automa??o para essa planta. O sistema disp?e de recursos de monitoramento e prote??es locais e remotos, que garantem a seguran?a do processo e dos operadores. Para controle de temperatura do reator principal da planta foi dada uma aten??o especial por ser o recinto onde ocorre o principal processamento e por apresentar um complexo modelo matem?tico. Para esse fim, foram empregados controles em cascata baseados em l?gica Fuzzy. Um computador de processo, com uma interface homem-m?quina (IHM) espec?fica, disponibiliza ao operador informa??es e controles da planta, inclusive via Internet. O elemento central de gerenciamento da automa??o e controle da planta fica a cargo de um m?dulo CLP compacto, que recebe as informa??es dos sensores, e as envia ? IHM
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Giannopoulos, Vassilis. "Efficient VHDL models for various PLD architectures /." Online version of thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/12238.
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IMPERIAL, JULIANA CARPES. "TECHNIQUES FOR THE USE OF HOARE LOGIC IN PCC." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4428@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORAtualmente, a maioria dos programas para computadores é obtida através da WEB. Como muitas vezes a procedência são fontes desconhecidas, é preciso se certificar de que o código se comporta como o esperado. A solução ideal seria verificar o código contra uma especificação de políticas de segurança ,contudo, isso pode consumir muito tempo.Uma outra alternativa é fazer com que o próprio código prove ser seguro. O conceito de proof-carryng code (PCC)é baseado nessa idéia : um programa carrega consigo uma prova de sua conformidade com certas políticas de segurança. Ou seja ,ele carrega uma prova a respeito de propriedades do próprio código. Portanto, os mesmos métodos froamsi usados para a verificação de programs podem se utilizados para esta tecnolgia. Considerando este fato,neste trabalho é estudado como cálculo de Hoare, em método formal para realizar a verificação de programas, aplicado a códigos-fonte escritos em uma linguagem de programação imperativa, pode ser útil á tecnica de PCC. Conseqüentemente, são pesquisados métodos para a geração de provas de correção de programas utilizando o método citado, para tornar possível a geração de provas de segurança para PCC utilizando o cálculo de Hoare.
Nowdays most computer programs are obtained from the WEB. Since their source is usually unknown, it is necessary to be sure that the code of the program behaves as expected.The ideal solution would be verify the code against a specification of safety policies.However, this can take too much time.Another approach is making the code itself prove that it is safe. The concept os proof-carryng code (PCC) is based on this idea: a program carries a proof of its conformity with certain safety policies. That is , it carries a proof cencerning properties related to the code itself. Therefore, the same formal methods employed in formal verification of programs can be used in this tecnology. Due to this fact, in this work it is studied how Hoare logic applied to source codes written in an imperative programming language, which is a formal methods are researched to generate proofs of program correctness using the method explained, so that it can be possible to generate PCC safety programs with Hoare logic.
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Pochylý, Petr. "Návrh řídicího systému experimentální sladovny." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-319700.
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This master thesis deals with design of automation control system for operationally experimental malt-house. The first part deals with general description of all production stages of malting and brief description about the Research Institute of Brewering and Malting. It also generally characterizes the used hardware and software for automation control system. The second part of this thesis describes the types of programmable logic controllers and the selection of optimal variant for application of the operationally experimental malt-house. Master thesis in the third and fourth part contains a brief description about the methodology and the creation of control program and visualisation for automatic control system of the operationally experimental malt-house. The output of the master thesis is a complete control program and visualisation of the controlled application of the operating malt-house.
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Tan, Chong Guan. "Another approach to PLA folding." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66054.
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Podolan, Luděk. "Jednoúčelový stroj zajišťující lisování kanystrových nálevek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221101.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is detail description of theory, design process and final realization of single-purpose machine for pressing canister funnels. Theoretical section of this work covers manufacturing standards of the electrical cabinets, options for the single-purpose machine control with focus on the programmable logic controller e.g. PLC, PLC control program concept with definition of the main alarm states and description of two types of electrical cabinet. Practical part contains description of the electrical cabinet, its block diagram, photo documentation of the wiring (chapter 4.), chosen PLC type, its advantages and detail program description using Ladder diagram notation, communication with operator realized with touch LCD panel, programming environment for this LCD panel and program realization process. Finalized machine description and its photo documentation in manufacturing process is covered in the end. This diploma thesis is based and extends previously successfully defended semester project.
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Šuba, Marek. "Digitální zprovoznění robotizovaného výrobního systému pro odporové navařování." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443726.
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The subject of this diploma thesis is the simulation and digital commissioning of a robotic production system for welding elements such as studs on sheet metal parts. The basis of the work is search of information related to industrial robots, PLC control, tools used for welding, fixtures, manipulators, sensors, safety and protection elements commonly used in such production systems. The second part of the work deals with the given problem and it is a virtual commissioning of the given concept of a robotic production system. This means creating its simulation model in the Process Simulate environment, selecting robots, creating robotic trajectories, collision analysis, creating sensors, signals and optimization. Last part includes the connection of the simulation model with the software S-7PLCSIM Advanced and TIA Portal, the creation of control PLC logic in the form of a program, visualization and verification of their functionality using the above-mentioned connection with the simulation model.
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Moon, Gyo Sik. "An Algorithm for the PLA Equivalence Problem." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278922/.
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The Programmable Logic Array (PLA) has been widely used in the design of VLSI circuits and systems because of its regularity, flexibility, and simplicity. The equivalence problem is typically to verify that the final description of a circuit is functionally equivalent to its initial description. Verifying the functional equivalence of two descriptions is equivalent to proving their logical equivalence. This problem of pure logic is essential to circuit design. The most widely used technique to solve the problem is based on Binary Decision Diagram or BDD, proposed by Bryant in 1986. Unfortunately, BDD requires too much time and space to represent moderately large circuits for equivalence testing. We design and implement a new algorithm called the Cover-Merge Algorithm for the equivalence problem based on a divide-and-conquer strategy using the concept of cover and a derivational method. We prove that the algorithm is sound and complete. Because of the NP-completeness of the problem, we emphasize simplifications to reduce the search space or to avoid redundant computations. Simplification techniques are incorporated into the algorithm as an essential part to speed up the the derivation process. Two different sets of heuristics are developed for two opposite goals: one for the proof of equivalence and the other for its disproof. Experiments on a large scale of data have shown that big speed-ups can be achieved by prioritizing the heuristics and by choosing the most favorable one at each iteration of the Algorithm. Results are compared with those for BDD on standard benchmark problems as well as on random PLAs to perform an unbiased way of testing algorithms. It has been shown that the Cover-Merge Algorithm outperforms BDD in nearly all problem instances in terms of time and space. The algorithm has demonstrated fairly stabilized and practical performances especially for big PLAs under a wide range of conditions, while BDD shows poor performance because of its memory greedy representation scheme without adequate simplification.
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Janeček, Jan. "Řízení pohybů dvouramenného žonglovacího stroje." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230105.
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The diploma thesis is a part of the project Intelligent double arm juggling machine. The project is divided into two diploma thesis. This thesis deals with the motion control of juggling arms. Information about hardware and software resources used in this project is in the first part of thesis. There is explanation of the control loop, explanation of used communication protocols and implementation of program proceeding in the second part of thesis.
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Waite, Stephen J. "A logic model to review material nominated for inclusion into project code PL3." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26045.
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Cornelia, Olivian E. "Conditional stuck-at fault model for PLA test generation." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63959.
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Alba, Castro Mauricio Fernando. "Abstract Certification of Java Programs in Rewriting Logic." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/13617.
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In this thesis we propose an abstraction based certification technique for Java programs which is based on rewriting logic, a very general logical and semantic framework efficiently implemented in the functional programming language Maude. We focus on safety properties, i.e. properties of a system that are defined in terms of certain events not happening, which we characterize as unreachability problems in rewriting logic. The safety policy is expressed in the style of JML, a standard property specification language for Java modules.
In order to provide a decision procedure, we enforce finite-state models of programs by using abstract interpretation.
Starting from a specification of the Java semantics written in Maude, we develop an abstraction based,
finite-state operational semantics also written in Maude which is appropriate for program verification.
As a by-product of the verification based on abstraction, a dependable safety certificate is delivered which consists of a set of rewriting proofs that can be easily checked by the code consumer by using a standard rewriting logic engine. The abstraction based proof-carrying code technique, called JavaPCC, has been implemented and successfully tested on several examples, which demonstrate the feasibility of our approach.
We analyse local properties of Java methods: i.e. properties of methods regarding their parameters and results. We also study global confidentiality properties of complete Java classes, by initially considering non--interference and, then, erasure with and without non--interference. Non--interference is a semantic program property that assigns confidentiality levels to data objects and prevents illicit information flows from occurring from high to low security levels. In this thesis, we present a novel security model for global non--interference which approximates non--interference as a safety property.Alba Castro, MF. (2011). Abstract Certification of Java Programs in Rewriting Logic [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/13617
Palancia
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Samek, Martin. "Adaptivní optimální regulátory s principy umělé inteligence v prostředí MATLAB - B&R." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218211.
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Master’s thesis describes adaptive optimal controller design and it’s settings. Identification with principles of artificial intelligence and recursive least squares identification with exponential and directional forgetting are compared separately and as part of controller. Adaptive optimal controller is tested on physical model and compared with solidly adjusted PSD controller. Possibilities of implementation of adaptive optimal controller into programmable logic controller B&R are show and tested.
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Lee, Hoon S. "A CAD tool for current-mode multiple-valued CMOS circuits." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/22935.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThe contribution of this thesis is the development of a CAD (computer aided design) tool for current mode multiple-valued logic (MVL) CMOS circuits. It is only the second known MVL CAD tool and the first CAD tool for MVL CMOS. The tool accepts a specification of the function to be realized by the user, produces a minimal or near-minimal realization (if such a realization is possible), and produces a layout of a programmable logic array (PLA) integrated circuit that realizes the given function. The layout is in MAGIC format, suitable for submission to a chip manufacturer. The CAD tool also allows the user to simulate the realized function so that he/she can verify correctness of design. The CAD tool is designed also to be an analysis tool for heuristic minimization algorithms. As part of this thesis, a random function generator and statistics gathering package were developed. In the present tool, two heuristics are provided and the user can choose one or both. In the latter case, the better realization is output to the user. The CAD tool is designed to be flexible, so that future improvements can be made in the heuristic algorithms, as well as the layout generator. Thus, the tool can be used to accommodate new technologies, for example, a voltage mode CMOS PLA rather than the current mode CMOS currently implemented.
http://archive.org/details/cadtoolforcurren00leeh
Lieutenant, Republic of Korea Navy
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Sunki, Supriya. "Performance optimization in three-dimensional programmable logic arrays (PLAs)." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001255.
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Měřínský, Jiří. "CAE systém EPLAN Electric P8 - tvorba výkresové dokumentace pro dálkové ovládání motorgenerátoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218804.
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This Graduation Theses dissertate about a creation of a drawing documentation at the professional CAE EPLAN Electric P8 system. One original solution of a remote control and of motor-generator monitoring with a mobile phone, short SMS-aided in this case, was used as an example of the drawing documentation. As has allready been noted in previous Bachelor Thesis, this application can be use not only for a remote control of a motor-generator, but this solution is suitable for other electric devices too, which are out of reach of an attendance for example. In our case a generator with 6kVA power is concerned with rated output voltage 230Vac and rated current 25A. The system of a remote control has the advantage that it is created from standard components (electric instruments, a PLC – programmable automat, a GSM modem, an operating panel and the respective program in the PLC).
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Olivieri, Steven. "An Investigation of Security in Near Field Communication Systems." Digital WPI, 2015. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/46.
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Increasingly, goods and services are purchased over the Internet without any form of physical currency. This practice, often called e-commerce, offers sellers and buyers a convenient way to trade globally as no physical currency must change hands and buyers from anywhere in the world can browse online store fronts from around the globe. Nevertheless, many transactions still require a physical presence. For these sorts of transactions, a new technology called Near Field Communication has emerged to provide buyers with some of the conveniences of e-commerce while still allowing them to purchase goods locally. Near Field Communication (NFC), an evolution of Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID), allows one electronic device to transmit short messages to another nearby device. A buyer can store his or her payment information on a tag and a cashier can retrieve that information with an appropriate reader. Advanced devices can store payment information for multiple credit and debit cards as well as gift cards and other credentials. By consolidating all of these payment forms into a single device, the buyer has fewer objects to carry with her. Further, proper implementation of such a device can offer increased security over plastic cards in the form of advanced encryption. Using a testing platform consisting of commercial, off-the-shelf components, this dissertation investigates the security of the NFC physical-layer protocols as well as the primary NFC security protocol, NFC-SEC. In addition, it analyzes a situation in which the NFC protocols appear to break, potentially compromising sensitive data. Finally, this dissertation provides a proof of security for the NFC-SEC-1 variation of NFC-SEC.
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Chiang, Kang-Chung. "Scan path design of PLA to improve its testability in VLSI realization." Ohio : Ohio University, 1986. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1183128113.
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Perez, Segovia Tomás. "Paola : un système d'optimisation topologique de PLA." Grenoble INPG, 1985. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00316330.
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Lors de la conception des circuits intégrés VLSI, les Réseaux Logiques Programmables (P. L. A. ) permettent le dessin automatique des masques à partir d'une description logique. La surface occupée par ces PLAs peut, dans certains cas, s'avérer prohibitive; d'où l'intérêt des méthodes d'optimisation topologique de ceux-ci. Après avoir défini les différentes représentations possibles des PLAs, on présente l'état en ce qui concerne l'optimisation topologique des PLAs. La méthode des «Lignes Brisées» est ensuite détaillée en insistant sur les heuristiques choisies ainsi que sur les interactions qui existent entre l'étape d'optimisation et l'étape de tracé des connexions internes. On termine par une présentation globale du système PAOLA d'optimisation topologique et dessin de PLAs
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Dandache, Abbas. "Conception de PLA CMOS." Phd thesis, Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596962j.
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Mrázek, Michal. "Adaptivní optimální regulátory s principy umělé inteligence v prostředí MATLAB - B&R." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217556.
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Master’s thesis describes adaptive optimal controller design which change parameters of algorithm based on the system information regard for optimal criterion. Generally, the optimal controller solves the problem of minimum states vector. Problems of desired value and steady-state error are solved by variation in optimization algorithm.
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Peňáz, Ondřej. "Bezpečnost modelu manipulátoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220130.
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The work deals with the functional safety of machinery, in our case with the model of the 3D manipulator. The main contribution of this work is the detailed conduct a risk assessment in accordance with the valid legislation and the detailed design of safety components to meet the safety requirements. Protective measures are carried out by three steps. The work includes a description of the implemented measures, mainly change of the design and creation a SafetyTask for the PLC. Also the visualization for a touch panel was created. At the end of the work we had to verify and evaluate implemented safety measures.
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Almeida, Suzana Ribas de. "Implementação de controle supervisório em CLPs usando linguagem de alto nível." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2012. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1855.
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Previous issue date: 2012-02-15Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Nowadays the competition between companies is increasing. In a production system, efficiency, speed and flexibility are important means for cost reductions. The complexity of automation systems has been increasing, which makes necessary the implementation of more efficient control programs, free of errors and easy to maintain. However, in most practical applications the solution of these problems is dependent on designer's experience and doesn t follow a formal methodology, which results in programs with errors and difficulties to understand and maintain, since only the designer understands the adopted solutions. The Supervisory Control Theory (SCT) is a method extensively researched in academic circles for the synthesis of control logic of automated systems. It allows control problems to be solved in a formal way, ensuring a minimally restrictive and no blocking solution that meets the control specifications. However, this theory is not widely used in industrial environments yet, once the methods for implementation of supervisors obtained by TCS are still deficient. Thus, the intention of this Dissertation consists of showing a methodology for implementation of supervisory control in Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). In this work, the synthesis of supervisors is made in accordance to local modular approach, which brings the benefits of a formal methodology and allows exploring the modularity of the plant and the control specifications. The implementation is based on an architecture structured in three levels: supervisor, interface and system to be controlled. For the implementation in CLP three different programming languages are applied: the high-level languages Sequential Function Charts (SFC) and Structured Text and the low-level Ladder Diagram language in some parts. The development of the methodology was based on two works: a doctoral thesis by Vieira (2007) and master thesis by Cruz (2011) and brought together the advantages presented in each one of these. To compare the proposed methodology and the two mentioned methods, several tests were made on a manufacturing cell available at PUCPR and simulations on a PLC and computer as well. The results show that the use of the methodology proposed in this work makes possible to implement PLC programs that are able to treat all non-controllable events occurred in the system to be controlled and treat one controllable event by each control cell in the same scan cycle. Furthermore, the use of high-level languages results in a program of easier interpretation and maintenance, also enabling reutilization of codes. In this work some problems related to CLPs implementations are also showed and proposals for solving them are presented, as properties as well that, if accepted, ensure that the problem does not occur.
Hoje em dia a competitividade entre as empresas está cada vez maior. Em um sistema de produção, a eficácia, a velocidade e a flexibilidade são importantes, pois significam redução de custos. Os sistemas de automação atuais estão cada vez mais complexos, justificando a necessidade de programas de controle mais eficientes, sem erros e de fácil manutenção. Entretanto, na maioria das aplicações práticas a solução destes problemas é feita com base na experiência do projetista, não seguindo uma metodologia formal, o que resulta em programas com erros e de difícil entendimento e manutenção, uma vez que só o projetista entende perfeitamente as soluções adotadas. A Teoria de Controle Supervisório (TCS) é um método para a síntese da lógica de controle de sistemas automatizados. Ela permite que problemas de controle sejam solucionados de modo formal, garantindo uma solução minimamente restritiva e não bloqueante e que atenda às especificações de controle. Entretanto, esta teoria ainda não é amplamente adotada em ambientes industriais, sendo a carência de métodos de implementação dos supervisores obtidos via TCS um elemento que contribui para que isso aconteça. Assim, esta dissertação se propõe a apresentar uma metodologia de implementação de controle supervisório em Controladores Lógicos Programáveis (CLPs). Neste trabalho, a síntese de supervisores é feita de acordo com a abordagem modular local, que traz os benefícios de uma metodologia formal e ainda permite explorar a modularidade da planta e das especificações de controle. A implementação é baseada numa arquitetura estruturada em três níveis: supervisor, interface e sistema a ser controlado. Para a implementação em CLP são empregadas três linguagens distintas de programação, as linguagens de alto nível Sequential Function Charts (SFC) e Structured Text, bem como a linguagem Ladder Diagram em algumas partes. O desenvolvimento da metodologia foi baseado em dois trabalhos: a tese de doutorado de Vieira (2007) e a dissertação de mestrado de Cruz (2011) e permitiu reunir as vantagens apresentadas em cada um destes. Para comparação entre a metodologia proposta e as duas metodologias citadas, foram feitos diversos testes em uma célula de manufatura existente na PUCPR, bem como simulações em CLP e em computador. Os resultados mostram que a metodologia proposta neste trabalho permite a implementação de programas em CLP que, num mesmo ciclo de varredura, são capazes de tratar todos os eventos não controláveis ocorridos na planta e ainda um evento controlável por célula de controle. Além disso, o uso de linguagens de alto nível resulta em um programa de mais fácil interpretação e manutenção, possibilitando ainda o reaproveitamento de códigos. Nesta dissertação também são abordados alguns problemas de implementação da estrutura de controle supervisório em CLPs, apresentando-se propostas para solucioná-los, bem como propriedades que, se atendidas, garantem que o problema não ocorra.